Keithley Keithley Instruments 2636B-US Manual

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter

User’s Manual

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE

Test Equipment Depot - 800.517.8431 - 99 Washington Street Melrose, MA 02176 - TestEquipmentDepot.com

WARRANTY

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of shipment.

Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.

During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves

To exercise this warranty, write or call your lo Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.

cal Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in

90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables,

to be defective.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or problems arising fro tions.

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANT ING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE.

REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.

THE

NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF I FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQ OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESU DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.

m normal wear or failure to follow instruc-

IES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUD-

TS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE

UENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING

LT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR

A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E

12/04

Series 2600 System

SourceMeter

Instruments

User’s Manual

Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

Document Number: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A

Manual Print History

The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The Revision Level letter increases alpha goes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manua

l. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page.

Revision A (Document Number 2600S-900-01).................................................................. May 2006

information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual.

betically as the manual under-

All Keithley product names are trademar Other brand names are trademarks or registered

ks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.

trademarks of their respective holders.

Safety Precautions

The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present.

This product is intended for use by qualified personnel wh required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the product. Refer to the manual for

If the product is used in a manner not specified, the pr

The types of product users are:

Responsible body is the individual or group equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.

Operators u instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.

Maintenance personnel per voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.

Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.

Keithley products are designed for use with electrical II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Measurement Category II connections require protection for high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC mains connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise marked or described in the Manual.

Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fix The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS,

42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown

circuit before measuring.

Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.

Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.

Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.

When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power disconnect device must be provided, in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.

se the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the

form routine procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line

complete product specifications.

responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the

o recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions

otection provided by the product may be impaired.

signals that are rated Measurement Category I and Measurement Category

tures.

5/03

For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.

Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.

The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with it equipment may be impaired.

Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.

When fuses are used in a product, replace with

Chassis connections must only be

If you are using a test fixture, keep the of a lid interlock.

If a

screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation.

The

symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.

used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.

lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use

same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.

s specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the

under test or power line (earth) ground.

the specifications and operating

The normal and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.

The

The WARNI information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CAUTION heading in a manual ex warranty.

Instrumentation and accessories shall not be co

Before performing any maintenance, disconnect

To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement test leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals, may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments office for information.

To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.

symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of

symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.

NG heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated

plains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the

nnected to humans.

the line cord and all test cables.

components in mains circuits, including the power transformer,

Section Title Page

1 Front Panel Operation

Safety symbols and terms .......................................................................... 1-2

Front and rear panel familiarization ............................................................ 1-2

Front panel summaries ........................................................................ 1-2

Rear panel summaries ........................

What are the source-measure capabilities? .

Models 2601 and 2602 ........................................................................ 1-8

Models 2611 and 2612 ........................................................................ 1-8

How do I power-up the instrument

How do I make measurements? ...............

How do I use the buffer? .......................................................................... 1-15

? ........................................................... 1-9

................................................. 1-6

.............................................. 1-8

............................................... 1-10

2 Remote Operation

How do I use the remote interface? ........................................................... 2-2

How do I use Test Script Builder? .............................................................. 2-4

How do I use TSB to make measurements

How do I use other programs? ................................................................. 2-12

Using LabVIEW ................................................................................. 2-12

Using Visual Basic ............................................................................. 2-14

? .............................................. 2-9

3 Test Script Processor Interaction

What is a script? ......................................................................................... 3-2

Factory scripts ..................................................................................... 3-2

User scripts .......................................................................................... 3-2

How do I run a script from the front panel? .. How do I interact with scripts using Test Script

Running a factory script ....................................................................... 3-4

Modifying a factory script ..................................................................... 3-6

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 i

.............................................. 3-2

Builder? ............................ 3-3

Table of Contents Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Running the user script ...................................................................... 3-12

Deleting a user script and user tests ................................................ 3-13

How do I use other programs? ................................................................. 3-14

Using LabVIEW ................................................................................. 3-14

Using Visual Basic ............................................................................. 3-16

4 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

How do I set up the TSP-Link system? ...................................................... 4-2

How do I use the expanded system? ......................................................... 4-4

Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes ............................................. 4-4

Running scripts in a TSP-Link system ...

.............................................. 4-5

Appendix Title Page

A Specifications

.................................................................................................................. A-2

B Frequently Asked Questions

How do I optimize performance? .............................................................. B-2

Setting speed ...................................................................................... B-2

Disabling auto zero to increase speed

How do I use the Digital I/O port? ............................................................. B-3

Digital I/O port terminals ..................................................................... B-3

Controlling the Digital I/O port ............................................................. B-3

How do I trigger other instruments? ......

Triggering a scanner ........................................................................... B-5

Programming triggering ...................................................................... B-5

How do I generate a service request? ...................................................... B-6

Setting up a service request ............................................................... B-6

Service request programming example .

Polling for SRQs ................................................................................. B-6

How do I store measurements in non-volat

Front panel operation .......................................................................... B-7

Remote programming ......................................................................... B-7

How do I stack channels to output higher voltage? ................................... B-9

How do I parallel channels to output higher current

How do I make contact check measurements? ...................................... B-12

Contact check connections ............................................................... B-12

Contact check programming example .............................................. B-13

............................................... B-2

.................................................... B-5

............................................. B-6

ile memory? ........................... B-7

? ............................... B-11

2 2600-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

List of Illustrations

Section Figure Title Page

1 Front Panel Operation

Figure 1-1 Series 2600 front panels 1-3

Figure 1-2 Series 2600 rear panels ................................................................. 1-6

Figure 1-3 DUT connections to 10kΩ resistor ............................................... 1-12

Figure 1-4 Interlock circuit ............................................................................. 1-13

Figure 1-5 Display modes.............................................................................. 1-14

Figure 1-6 Buffer display format .................................................................... 1-17

2 Remote Operation

Figure 2-1 GPIB cable ..................................................................................... 2-2

Figure 2-2 RS-232 cable ................................................................................. 2-2

Figure 2-3 Test Script Builder initial startup screen ......................................... 2-6

Figure 2-4 Instrument console control icons.................................................... 2-7

Figure 2-5 Select Instrument Resource dialog box ......................................... 2-8

Figure 2-6 Source-measure command sequence in console window .......... 2-11

Figure 2-7 LabVIEW source-measure example block diagram ..................... 2-13

Figure 2-8 Visual Basic example user interface ............................................ 2-14

Figure 2-9 Example program test results....................................................... 2-17

2600-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 3

LIst of Illustrations Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

3 Test Script Processor Interaction

Figure 3-1 Pulse-measure cycle for the PulseVMeasureI function.................. 3-3

Figure 3-2 Importing a factory script project from the Series 2600.................. 3-7

Figure 3-3 KIGeneral project imported into the Test Script Builder ................. 3-9

Figure 3-4 Run configuration example - Main tab ......................................... 3-11

Figure 3-5 Run configuration example - Script Attributes tab ....................... 3-12

Figure 3-6 LabVIEW source step example.................................................... 3-15

Figure 3-7 GUI after loading the non-function script (GPIB).......................... 3-18

Figure 3-8 GUI after running the non-function script (GPIB) ......................... 3-19

Figure 3-9 GUI after loading and running the function script (GPIB)............. 3-21

Figure 3-10 GUI after calling the function (GPIB) ............................................ 3-23

4 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

Figure 4-1 TSP-Link connections .................................................................... 4-2

Appendix Figure Title Page

B Frequently Asked Questions

Figure B-1 Digital I/O port terminals................................................................ B-3

Figure B-2 Triggering a scanner ..................................................................... B-5

Figure B-3 Stacking channels for higher voltage .......................................... B-10

Figure B-4 Connecting channels in parallel for higher current....................... B-11

Figure B-5 Contact check connections ......................................................... B-12

4 2600-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

List of Tables

Section Table Title Page

1 Front Panel Operation

Table 1-1 Model 2601 and 2602 source-measure capabilities....................... 1-8

Table 1-2 Model 2611 and 2612 source-measure capabilities ....................... 1-8

3 Test Script Processor Interaction

4 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

Table 4-1 Assigning a node number to an instrument from the front panel.... 4-3

Table 4-2 Resetting the TSP-Link from the front panel .................................. 4-3

Appendix Table Title Page

B Frequently Asked Questions

Table B-1 Commands for basic I/O port ........................................................ B-4

2600-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 5

List of Tables Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

6 2600-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

In this section:

Top ic

Safety symbols and terms 1-2

Front and rear panel familiarization 1-2

Front panel overview 1-2

Rear panel overview 1-6

What are the source-measure capabilities? 1-8

Models 2601 and 2602 1-8

Models 2611 and 2612 1-8

How do I power-up the instrument? 1-8

Connect to line power 1-9

Turn on power 1-9

Set line frequency 1-9

How do I make measurements? 1-10

Connect the DUT 1-10

Select source and set source level 1-10

Set compliance limit 1-11

Select measurement function and range 1-11

Turn output on 1-11

Make measurements 1-11

Turn output off 1-12

How do I use the buffer? 1-15

Connect the DUT 1-15

Section 1

Front Panel Operation

Page

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

1-2 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Set up source and measure functions 1-15

Configure the buffer 1-16

Turn on the output 1-16

Store readings 1-16

Turn off the output 1-16

Recall readings 1-16

Safety symbols and terms

The following symbols and terms may be found on the instrument or used in this manual:

The operating instructions located in the manual.

symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the

The terminal(s). Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltag

The personal contact to prevent burns.

The WA personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CA the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.

symbol on the instrument shows that high voltage may be present on the

es.

symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid

RNING heading used in this manual explains dangers that might result in

UTION heading used in this manual explains hazards that could damage

Front and rear panel familiarization

Front panel overview

The front panels of the Series 2600 are shown in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2. Sum- maries of the front panel controls follow these figures.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-3

Figure 1-1

Series 2600 front panels

Model 2601 and Model 2611

SYSTEM SourceMeter

KEITHLEY SourceMeter

DISPLAY

CONFIG

POWER

SRC LIMITMEAS

SPEED

DIGITS

LOAD RUN STORE RECALL

1 2

SYSTEM SourceMeter

+ / -

MODE

REL

FILTER

0000

TRIG MENU

LOCAL

EXIT ENTER

Model 2602 and Model 2612

KEITHLEY SourceMeter

CHANNEL A CHANNEL B

DISPLAY

CONFIG

POWER

SRC LIMITMEAS

SPEED

DIGITS

LOAD RUN STORE RECALL

REL

+ / -

MODE

FILTER

0000

SRC LIMITMEAS

SPEED

DIGITS

TRIG MENU

REL

LOCAL

EXIT ENTER

MODE

FILTER

RANGE

AUTO

RANGE

AUT O

RANGE

CURSOR

OUTPUT

ON/OFF

CURSOR

OUTPUT

CHAN B

CHAN A

ON/OFF ON/OFF

1 2

NOTE The Models 2601 and 2611 have one SourceMeter channel

(Channel A) and the Models 2602 and 2612 have two SourceMeter channels (Channel A and Channel B).

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

1-4 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

1. Special keys and power switch:

DISPLAY Toggles between the various source-measure displays and the user

message

mode. Selects Model 2602/2612 single or dual-channel

display. CONFIG Used to configure a function or operation. POWER Power switch – In position turns SourceMeter on (I), out position

ourceMeter off (O).

turns S Number Keys The Number Keys (0-9, +/-, 0000) allow direct numeric entry in the

EDIT mode.

2. Source measure setup, performance control and special operation:

Top Row – Source measure setup Models 2601/2611 and Models 2602/2612:

SRC Channel A – Selects the source functi

on (V or A) and places cursor

in the source field for editing. MEAS Channel A – Cycles through measure functions (V, A, Ω or W). LIMIT Channel A – Places the cursor in the compl MODE

Channel A – Directly chooses the measurement function (V, A, Ω or W).

iance limit field for editing.

Top Row – Source measure setup Models 2602/2612 only:

SRC Channel B – Selects the source functi

on (V or A) and places cursor

in the source field. MEAS Channel B – Cycles through measure functions (V,A, Ω or W). LIMIT Channel B – Places the cursor in the compl MODE

Channel B – Directly chooses the measurement function (V, A, Ω or W).

iance limit field for editing.

Middle Row – Source measure setup Model 2601/2611 and Models 2602/2612:

DIGITS Channel A – Changes resolution disp

lay to 4-1/2, 5-1/2, or 6-1/2

digits. SPEED Channel A – Sets the measurement sp

eed by controlling the A/D

converter measurement aperture. REL Channel A – Controls relative, which allows a baseline value to be

subtracted from a reading. FILTER Channel A – Controls the digital filter,

which can be used to reduce

reading noise.

Middle Row – Source measure setup Models 2602/2612 only:

DIGITS Channel B – Changes resolution display to 4-1/2, 5-1/2, or 6-1/2 digits. SPEED Channel B – Sets the measurement speed by controlling the A/D

converter measurement aperture. REL Channel B – Controls relative, which allows a baseline value to be

subtracted fro FILTER Channel B – Controls the digital filter,

m a reading.

which can be used to reduce

reading noise.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-5

Bottom Row – Source measure setup Models 2601/2611 2602/2612:

LOAD Loads factory or user-defin RUN Runs last selected factory or user-defined scripts. STORE Stores readings, source values, and timestamp values in one of two

internal buffers for later recall.

RECALL Recalls stored readings, source va

either of the two buffers. TRIG Triggers readings. MENU Accesses the Main Menu for saving and recalling setups, selecting

interface, line frequency, self-tests, serial number and beeper

remote

control. EXIT Cancels selection, and backs out of menu structure. Used as a

LOCAL key ENTER Accepts selection, moves to ne

to take the unit out of remote.

ed scripts for execution.

lues, and timestamp values from

xt choice or exits menu.

3. Range keys:

and Selects the next higher or lower source or measure range.

AUTO Enables or disables source or measure auto range.

4. Output control and LED status indicator:

OUTPUT ON/OFFTurns source output on or off. LED indicator Lights up when output is on.

5. Rotary Knob and CURSOR keys:

When in source edit, use CURSOR keys for cursor control and then turn the Rotary Knob to change a source or compliance value. The Rotary Knob can also be used to enable or disable the source edit mode.

When in a menu, use the CURSOR keys or Rotary Kn When displaying a menu value, use the CURSOR keys for cursor control and turn the Rotary Knob to change the value. Pressing the Rotary Knob opens a menu item, or selects a menu option or value.

ob for menu item cursor control.

6. Display annunciators (not shown):

EDIT Unit is in the source editing mode. ERR Questionable reading or invalid cal step. REM Unit in remote mode. TALK Unit addressed to talk. LSTN Unit addressed to listen. SRQ Service request. REL Relative mode enabled. FILT Analog filter or Avera AUTO Auto source or measure range selected. ARM Unit armed and ready to run. TRIG External triggering selected. * (asterisk) Readings being stored in buffer.

ging filter is enabled.

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

1-6 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

WARNING:

NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

CAUTION:

FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

Rear panel overview

The rear panels of the Series 2600 are is shown in Figure 1-2. Summaries of the rear panel components follow Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-2

Series 2600 rear panel

Model 2601/2611

MADE IN

U.S.A.

DIGITAL I/O

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

RS-232

TSP-Link

LO LO HIHI GGGG

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LINE FUSE

SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V

LINE RATING

100-240VAC

50, 60Hz

240VA MAX.

45 7 8

CAT I CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

Model 2602/2612

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

RS-232

TSP-Link

MADE IN

U.S.A.

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LINE FUSE

SLOWBLOW

3.15A, 250V

LO LO HIHI GGGG

LINE RATING

100-240VAC

50, 60Hz

240VA MAX.

45 7 8

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-7

1. CHANNEL A and CHANNEL B (Channel B on Models 2602/2612 only)

Input/output connections for source, sense, and guard.

2. DIGITAL I/O

Female DB-25 connector. Fourteen pins for digital input or output, one pin for Output

Enable. Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1CA).

3. IEEE-488

Connector for IEEE-488 (GPIB) operation. Use a shielded cable, such as the Model

7007-1 or Model 7007-2.

4. Cooling exhaust vent

Exhaust vent for internal cooling fan. Keep vent free of obstructions to prevent

overheating.

5. Chassis ground

Ground screw for connections to chassis ground.

6. Low noise chassis ground

Ground jack for connecting Output HI or LO to chassis.

7. RS-232

Female DB-9 connector. For RS-232 operation, use a straight-through (not null

modem) DB-9 shielded cable for connection to the PC (Keithley Instruments Model 7009-

5).

8. TSP-Link

Expansion interface that allows a Series 2600 and other TSP-enabled instruments to

trigger and communicate with each other. Use a category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable (Keithley Instruments part number CA-180-3A).

9. Power module

Contains the AC line receptacle and power line fuse. The instrument can operate on

line voltages of 100V to 240VAC at line frequencies of 50Hz or 60Hz. Refer to Section 17 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for line fuse replacement instructions.

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

1-8 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

What are the source-measure capabilities?

Reference Refer to the specifications in Appendix A of this manual as well as

Sections 4 and 8 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more detailed information.

Models 2601 and 2602

Basic DC source-measure capabilities for the Models 2601 and 2602 are listed in

Table 1-1.

Table 1-1

Models 2601 and 2602 source-measure capabilities

Function Capabilities

Source ±DC voltage Source ±DC current

Measure ±DC voltage Measure ±DC current

Models 2611 and 2612

Basic DC source-measure capabilities for the Models 2611 and 2612 are listed in

Table 1-2.

Table 1-2

Models 2611 and 2612 source-measure capabilities

Function Capabilities

Source ±DC voltage Source ±DC current

Measure ±DC voltage Measure ±DC current

1μV to 40.4V 1pA to 3.03A

1μV to 40.8V 1pA to 3.06A

1μV to 202V 1pA to 1.515A

1μV to 204V 1pA to 1.53

1. 10A maximum available in pulse mode only.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-9

How do I power-up the instrument?

Reference Refer to “Power-up” in Section 1 of the Series 2600 Reference Man-

ual for more information on line power.

Step 1: Connect to line power

CAUTION Operating the instrument on an incorrect line voltage may

cause damage to the instrument, possibly voiding the warranty.

1. Before plugging in the power cord, make sur switch is in the off (O) position.

2. Connect the female end of the supplied the rear panel. Connect the other end of the power cord to a grounded AC outlet.

WARNING Failure to use a grounded outlet may result in personal

or death due to electric shock.

Step 2: Turn on power

Turn on the instrument by pressing the front panel power switch to the on (I) position. Assuming no errors occur, the Series 2600 will power-up as follows:

• After a few seconds with the OUTPUT indicators and display pixels on, the in

strument model number and firmware revision levels are briefly dis-

played.

• The node and the GPIB address are displayed briefly as follows:

KEITHLEY MODEL 26xx NODE = 1 GPIB = 26

• The TSP-Link node and serial port parameters are displayed briefly:

KEITHLEY MODEL 26xx NODE = 1 SERIAL = 9600,8,N,1,NONE

Step 3: Set line frequency

e that the front panel power

power cord to the AC receptacle on

injury

The Series 2600 will operate at line frequencies of either 50Hz or 60Hz. For best measurement noise performance, the unit should be configured to match the actual line frequency used by selecting MENU > LINE-FREQ > 50Hz, 60Hz, or AUTO (When set to AUTO, the SourceMeter will automatically detect the power line frequency at power-up.).

1. Instrument will display actual model number: 2601, 2602, 2611, or 2612.

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1-10 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I make measurements?

Reference Refer to the following information in Section 4 of the Series 2600

Reference Manual:

• “Basic-source-measure procedure”

• “Ohms measurements”

• “Power measurements”

The measurement procedure below demonstrates how to set up the Series 2600 to sour

WARNING Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard

ce 10V and measure current through a 10kΩ resistor.

erminals. To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death, NEVER make or break connections to the Series 2600 while the output is on. Power off the equipment from the front panel or disconnect the main power cord from the rear of the SourceMeter before handling cables connected to the outputs. Putting the equipment into standby does not guarantee the outputs are not powered if a hardware or software fault occurs.

Step 1: Connect the DUT

Connect a 10kΩ resistor to the SourceMeter Channel A HI and LO terminals as shown in Figure 1-3. Connect the resistor to the supplied screw terminal block, then plug the terminal block into the Channel A connector. Refer to Section 3 of

e Series 2600 Reference Manual for complete information.

Step 2: Select source and set source level

Perform the following steps to select the voltage source and set the source value to 10V:

1. Press Channel A SRC to select the V-Sou in the source field on the display. The flashing cursor indicates which value is presently selected for editing.

2. Press the up RANGE key, and select the 20V source range (Models 2611/

612) or 40V source range (Models 2601/2602). Use the lowest possible

2 source range for best accuracy.

3. Use the CURSOR keys to move the cursor to the 10 Rotary Knob to enter the EDIT mode (EDIT annunciator on).

4. Using either the numeric keys or the Ro

10.0000V, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

rce as indicated by the “V” units

s digit, then press the

tary Knob, set the source value to

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-11

Step 3: Set compliance limit

Perform the following steps to set the current compliance limit value to 10mA:

1. Put the Model 2602/2612 in the single-channel display mode with the D

ISPLAY key.

2. Press the LIMIT key, then press ENTER

3. Move the cursor to the 10s digit, then press the Rotary Knob to enter the EDIT

mode.

4. Using the numeric keys or the Rotary Knob, set the limit value to

0.000mA, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob.

or the Rotary Knob.

Step 4: Select measurement function and range

1. Put the Model 2602/2612 in the single-channel display mode with the DISPLAY key, then select the current measurement function by pressing MEAS or MODE.

2. Select the measurement range with the RANGE keys. Fo this example, press AUTO RANGE, and note the AUTO annunciator turns on. The instrument will automatically select the best range based on the measured value. You can also use manual ranging by pressing the up or down RANGE key, but be sure to use the lowest possible range for best accuracy.

r the purposes of

Step 5: Turn output on

Turn the output on by pressing the appropriate OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The ON/OFF indicator LED will light when the c

NOTE The Models 2611 and 2612 are equipped with a safety

interlock circuit that prevents operation on the 200V range

he circuit is not energized. This circuit is illustrated in

if t

Figure 1-4. Refer to Section 10 of the Series 2600 Reference

manual for more information.

Step 6: Make measurements

1. Observe the readings on the display (Press TRIG if necessary to trigger the unit to begin taking readings.). For the single-channel display mode, the readings will appear on the top line, while source and limit values are on the bottom line. For the 10kΩ resistor under test, typical display values are:

1.00000mA

SrcA: +10.0000 V LimA:010.0000mA

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

hannel output is on.

1-12 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

2. Use the DISPLAY key to cycle through the various display modes shown in

Figure 1-5 (The User State display messages are defined with specific

display commands; refer to Section 14 of the Series 2600 Reference manual.).

3. Press the MEAS key several times to display measured voltage, tance, and power. Typical values for the 10kΩ re

sistor are: 10.0000V,

resis-

10.0000kΩ, and 10.0000mW.

Step 7: Turn output off

When finished making measurements, turn the output off by pressing the OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The OUTPUT indicator light will turn off.

Figure 1-3

DUT connectio

KEITHLEY SERIES 2600

LO GLO HI G G G HI

ns to 10kΩ resistor

CHANNEL A

DUT 10kW Resistor

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-13

Figure 1-4

Interlock circuit

Read by firmware

INTERLOCK pin

(on DIGITAL I/O connector)

10kW

Chassis ground

Rear panel

Coil resistance 145W +/- 10%

+220V supply

-220V supply

To output stage

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

1-14 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure 1-5

Display modes

1.00000mA .    V

SrcA:+10.0000V SrcB:+000.000mV

Press DISPLAY key

1.00000mA

SrcA:+10.0000V LimA:10.0000mA

Press DISPLAY key

.    V

SrcB:+000.000mV LimB:100.000mA

Press DISPLAY key

User State

Press DISPLAY key

Source-Measure display for SMU A and SMU B:

Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W). Bottom line displays the source function (V or A)

and level.

Source-Measure and Compliance Limit display for SMU A:

Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W). Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level,

and the compliance limit (A or V).

Source-Measure and Compliance Limit display for SMU B:

Top line displays the measure function (V, A, W or W). Bottom line displays the source function (V or A) and level,

and the compliance limit (A or V).

Display for user-defined messages and prompts.

     Indicates that a measured reading has not been

triggered.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-15

How do I use the buffer?

Reference Refer to Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more

detailed information on using the buffer.

The SourceMeter has two buffers per channel that can store from 1 to more than

00,000 readings. Each buffer reading is numbered and can also include the

1 source value and a timestamp.

The following example shows how to store 100 readings, source values, and timestamp

Step 1: Connect the DUT

Connect a 10kΩ resistor to the Channel A HI and LO terminals (Refer to

Figure 1-3).

Step 2: Set up source and measure functions

Using the procedure described in “How do I make measurements?” earlier in this section, set-up source

• Source function: volts

• Source range: 20V (2611/2612) or 40V (2601/2602)

• Source value: 10V

• Measure function: current

• Measure range: auto

s in Channel A, Buffer 1 and recall them from the front panel.

and measure functions:

Step 3: Configure the buffer

1. Press the CONFIG key followed by the STORE key.

2. Choose COUNT, then set the number of readings to store to 100 using the Rotar

y Knob, and press ENTER or the Rotary Knob.

3. Select CHANA_BUFF, then press ENTER Channel A.

4. Choose DEST, then CHANA_BUFFER1, and press ENTER or the Rotary Knob.

5. Choose BUFFER1, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob to set up Buffer 1.

6. Select CLEAR, then YES to clear the buffer.

7. Choose ELEMENTS, then enable (ON) TSTAMP (timestamp) storage.

8. Press EXIT several times to return to normal display.

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

or the Rotary Knob to select

both SRC-VAL (source value) and

1-16 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Step 4: Turn on the output

Press the CHAN A (Models 2602/2612) OUTPUT ON/OFF key to turn on the source output.

Step 5: Store readings

1. Press the STORE key to store readings. The asterisk (*) annunciator turns on to indicate data storage operation is enabled.

2. Press EXIT to stop data stor

age before it finishes.

Step 6: Turn off the output

Press the OUTPUT ON/OFF key to turn off the output after storage has completed.

Step 7: Recall readings

1. Press the RECALL key to access buffer readings (repeatedly pressing RECALL will cycle through Buffer 1 then Buffer 2 for Channel A and then Channel B). A message will be displayed if a buffer is empty.

2. Note the buffer display data (Refer to Figure 1-6):

• The reading is on the top display at the left.

• The buffer location number is on the right. For example, location 000001 indicates that the displayed reading is stored at the first

# memory location.

• The source value is positioned at the lower left side

• The timestamp is positioned at the lower right side. The first source-

asure reading stored in the buffer (#000001) is timestamped at

00000000.001 seconds. Subsequent readings are timestamped relative to when the time storage was started. The interval between readings will depend on the reading rate.

3. To display the other readings stored in th memory location number:

• Use the Rotary Knob to increment and decrement the selected digit of e location number.

• Set the cursor position with the Rotary Knob or CURSOR keys.

4. To exit from the data store recall mode, press EXIT.

e buffer, choose the desired

of the display.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Front Panel Operation 1-17

Figure 1-6

Buffer display format

Reading

Source Value

(SrcA1= Channel A, Buffer 1)

1.00000 mA #0000001

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.001s

Use Rotary Knob

1.00000 mA #0000002

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.002s

Use Rotary Knob

1.00000 mA #0000003

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.003s

Use Rotary Knob

1.00000 mA #0000004

SrcA1:+10.0000 V @00000000.004s

Buffer Location Number

Timestamp (seconds)

Note: Source values and timestamps will be displayed only if enabled when buffer is configured.

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1-18 Front Panel Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

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2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

In this Section:

Topic Page

How do I use the remote interface? 2-2

Connect to the interface 2-2 Select the interface 2-3 Configure the interface 2-3

How do I use Test Script Builder? 2-4

Run Test Script Builder 2-4 Open and close an instrument resource 2-7 Save and clear console window 2-8 Select command and language reference views 2-8

How do I use TSB to make measurements? 2-9

Reset instrument 2-10 Select source function and set output value 2-10 Set compliance value and measure range 2-10 Turn on output 2-11 Make a measurement 2-11 Print the result 2-11 Turn off output 2-11

Section 2

Remote Operation

How do I use other programs? 2-12

Using LabVIEW 2-12 Using Visual Basic 2-14

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2-2 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I use the remote interface?

Reference Refer to Section 11 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for

detailed information on communications interfaces.

Step 1: Connect to the interface

Refer to Figure 1-2 in Section 1 of this document for the locations of the GPIB (IEEE-488) and RS-232 connectors, and make

• GPIB – Use a shielded IEEE-488 cable such as the Keithley Instruments Model 7007 to connect the Series connector on the computer (Refer to Figure 2-1).

• RS-232 – Use a shielded 9-pin RS-232 ca Model 7009-5 to connect the SourceMeter RS-232 connector to the serial port of the computer (Refer to Figure 2-2).

Figure 2-1

GPIB cable

connections as follows:

2600 IEEE-488 connector to the GPIB

ble like the Keithley Instruments

GPIB Cable

Connect one end of the cable to the host

Side View Side View

PC and the other end to the SourceMeter.

Both cable connectors are identical.

Figure 2-2

RS-232 cable

Straight-through RS-232 Cable

Male DB-9 Connector

(connect to SourceMeter)

Pin View

Female DB-9 Connector

(connect to PC)

Pin View

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-3

Step 2: Select the interface

1. Press MENU to open up the Main Menu.

2. Select COMMUNICATION,

3. Select INTERFACE_SEL, t

4. Choose GPIB for the IEEE-488 interface, RS AUTO to have the instrument automatically select the interface.

then press ENTER. hen press ENTER.

-232 for the serial interface, or

Step 3: Configure the interface

GPIB interface configuration

Set the primary address using the following procedure. The SourceMeter’s primary address must be the same as that specified in your program, or the two devices will not be able to communicate.

1. Press MENU to open up the Main Menu.

2. Select COMMUNICATION,

3. Select INTERFACE_CFG, then press ENTER.

4. Choose GPIB, then press ENTER.

5. Set the GPIB address (0 to 30), and press ENTER.

6. Press EXIT to back out of the menu structure.

then press ENTER.

RS-232 interface configuration

Set RS-232 parameters as covered below. The Series 2600 RS-232 parameters must agree with those of the computer serial port, or the two devices will not be able communicate.

1. Press MENU to open up the Main Menu.

2. Select COMMUNICATION,

3. Select INTERFACE_CFG, then press ENTER.

4. Choose RS-232, then press ENTER.

5. Configure the RS-232 interface as

• Set the BAUD rate: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 7600 or 115200.

• Set BITS: 7 or 8.

• Set PARITY: NONE, ODD, or EVEN.

• Set the FLOW-CTRL: NONE or HARDWARE.

6. Press EXIT to back out of the menu structure.

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

then press ENTER.

follows:

2-4 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I use Test Script Builder?

Reference Refer to Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for com-

plete details on using the Test Script Builder.

Step 1: Run Test Script Builder

Run the Test Script Builder program in the Keithley Instruments folder in the usual manner. The initial startup screen shown in Figure 2-3 will be displayed. The main sections of the screen are briefly described below.

Menu Bar

Main menu items include:

File – Allows

Edit – Per

Navigate – Na

Project –

Run – Run

Window –

Help – Pro

you to control projects and files.

forms a number of editing functions on script files.

vigates through projects.

Opens, closes, and builds projects.

s scripts.

Selects which window to display.

vides access to online help files.

Project Navigator pane

The window pane on the left side is where the Project Navigator resides. The navigator consists of created project folders and the script files (.tsp) created for each project. Each project folder can have one or more script files.

Script Development pane

The script chunk is written in the upper window pane. It is in this area that scripts are written and/or modified. Notice that there is a tab available for each opened script file. A script project is then downloaded to the SourceMeter and run.

Sourcemeter/Script Interaction pane

A number of tabs in the lower window pane provide additional interaction between the Test Script Builder, the SourceMeter and the opened script (the tabs displayed will depend on those selected in the menu).

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-5

Key tabs include:

Instrument Console – connected SourceMeter. Retrieved data (e.g., readings) from commands and scripts appear in the console.

Problems – When is detected, an “X” will appear in the script at or near the corrupt line of code. The Problems tab in the lower window pane will open automatically and provide a description of the error.

Tasks – Wh that follows is a comment and not script code. When using the “--TODO” comment in a script, it will also appear in the Tasks tab, where additional information can be added.

Command Help – Pro

Language Help – Pro

en writing a script, a double dash (--) is used to designate that the text

The Instrument Console is used to send commands to the

a script is saved, error checking is performed. If a script error

vides online help to the Instrument Command Library (ICL).

vides online help to the TSL programming language.

Control icons

Control icons (shown in Figure 2-4) include:

1. Open/Close Instrument instrument resource if open.

2. Clear Console Window

3. Abort Execution

4. Reset

default state with the ou

5. Send Software Trigger

6. Delete a Script From NVRAM

stored in the unit’s non-volatile memor

7. Menu

8. Minimize/Maximize

– Aborts whatever the unit is doing and resets everything to the

– Accesses the console menu.

– Halts execution of commands or scripts.

tput off.

– Opens instrument resource if closed. Closes

– Clears instrument console window.

– Sends a software trigger to take readings.

– Brings up a window that lists the scripts

y, and allows you to remove scripts.

– Minimizes or maximizes the console window.

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2-6 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure 2-3

Test Script Builder i

nitial startup screen

Menu Bar

Script Development Pane

Navigator

Pane

SourceMeter/Script Interaction Pane

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

Control

Icons

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-7

Figure 2-4

Instrument console control icons

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Step 2: Open and close an instrument resource

Before you can send commands or run scripts to control the SourceMeter, you must first open the instrument resource as follows:

1. Click on the Ope

2. Choose the desired instrument from the dialog box (Refer to Figure 2-5) drop-down menu to select a communications resource:

IB – At the factory, the GPIB address for the SourceMeter is set to

• GP

26. If using the GPIB interface board 0 and address 26, the resource setting should be GPIB0::26::INSTR. Resource settings for other GPIB board numbers and primary addresses are available from the dialog box.

• RS-2

32 – Typically, the COM1 serial port of the PC is used for RS-232 communications. For COM1, use the ASRL1::INSTR resource setting. Resource settings for other COM ports are available from the dialog box.

n Instrument icon (Refer to Figure 2-4).

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2-8 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

3. If you select the Simulate option, the Instrument Console will become active even though there will be no actual communication with the SourceMeter. You can simulate running a script or sending a command, but the SourceMeter will not respond.

4. To close the resource, click on the Instrum will close, and the console window will become inactive.

Figure 2-5

Select Ins

trument Resource dialog box

ent icon again. The resource

Step 3: Save and clear console window

You can save and clear the console window as follows:

• Sav

• Clear

e console – Click on the Menu arrow (Figure 2-3), choose Save

Console,

console window.

then choose the folder and filename desired.

console – Click on the Clear Console icon (Figure 2-3) to clear the

Step 4: Select command and language reference views

You can access online help for the ICL (Instrument Control Library) and TSL (Test Script Language) as follows:

• ICL: Clic icon. You can then quickly get information on all commands in the library.

• TSL: icon to quickly access details on the script language.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

k on the Command Help tab at the top, then click the Maximize

Click on the Language Help tab at the top, then click the Maximize

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-9

How do I use TSB to make measurements?

Reference Refer to “Remote source-measure procedure” in Sections 4 and 12

of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on instrument commands.

The following procedure uses the TSB Instrument Console to send commands to

rce voltage and measure current on Channel A using a 10kΩ resistor as the

sou DUT. The complete command sequence as it would appear in the console window is shown in Figure 2-6, along with instrument responses.

Figure 2-6

Source-measure command sequence in console window

Reset SourceMeter Select volts function Set source range to 40V Set source level to 10V Set current limit to 10mA Set measure range to 10mA Turn on output Take current reading Print current reading Instrument response Print resistance reading Instrument response Print power reading Instrument response Turn off output

(2601/2602 version shown)

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2-10 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

The procedure assumes the DUT (10kΩ resistor) is already connected to the SourceMeter (Figure 1-3 in Section 1 of this manual), and that the instrument resource has already been opened (“Op earlier in this section).

WARNING Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard

en and close an instrument resource”

Step 1: Reset instrument

A good practice is to reset the instrument to its default settings before the start of a test. To reset the SourceMeter, type the following command into the console window, then press the Return key:

reset()

For Model 2602 or 2612, you can restore respectively as follows:

smua.reset() smub.reset()

defaults of Channel A or Channel B

Step 2: Select source function and set output value

Enter the following commands to select the source voltage function, set the source range to 20V (Models 2611/2612) or 40V Models 2601/2602), and set the source value to 10V:

smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.rangev = 40 ( smua.source.rangev = 20 ( smua.source.levelv = 10

Step 3: Set compliance value and measure range

Enter the following commands to set the compliance limit and measure range to 10mA:

smua.source.limiti = 10e-3 smua.measure.rangei = 10e-3

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

use for Models 2601/2602) use for Models 2611/2612)

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-11

Step 4: Turn on output

Send the following command to turn on the output:

smua.source.output =smua.OUTPUT_ON

Step 5: Make a measurement

Enter the following command to take a current measurement:

reading = smua.measure.i()

Step 6: Print the result

Print the result in the console window with the following command:

print(reading)

Note that the reading response will appear in the console

Figure 2-6).

Alternatively, you can take and print r

command as the argument in the print command. For example, the fol-

sure lowing commands will take and print ohms

print(smua.measure.r()) print(smua.measure.p())

Again, readings will be displayed in the

eadings by including the appropriate mea-

and power readings respectively:

console window.

window (refer to

Step 7: Turn off output

Send the following command to turn off the output when measurements are complete:

smua.source.output =smua.OUTPUT_OFF

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2-12 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I use other programs?

Reference Refer to the LabVIEW and Visual Basic documentation for details

on using those programs.

Basic source-measure examples using L below. Refer also to also Section 3 for more examples of how to load and run scripts.

Using LabVIEW

The source-measure example using LabVIEW is shown in Figure 2-7. The test steps are:

1. Reset instrument.

2. Select source voltage function.

3. Set source output voltage.

4. Turn on output.

5. Take current measurement.

6. Reset instrument.

The command sequence for this source-measure example is shown below:

localnode.prompts = 0 --Disable prompts. reset() -- Reset Series 2600.

smua.source.func = smua

.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS

smua.source.levelv = volts --Set voltage source level. smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON -- Turn on source output. print(smua.measurei()) -- Take and return current reading. reset() -- Reset Series 2600.

abVIEW and Visual Basic are shown

--Select voltage source function.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-13

Figure 2-7

LabVIEW source-measure example block diagram

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2-14 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Using Visual Basic

User interface

Figure 2-8

Visual Basic example user interface

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-15

Using the Series 2600 as a traditional GPIB instrument

The following pseudocode describes how the Series 2600 will be configured and controlled to source voltage and measure current for this example. Some of the settings are default values restored by resetting the instrument, but they are included to show a typical setup and measure sequence that might be used for such a test.

1. Reset SourceMeter to default settings.

2. Set display to show SMU A source and limit settings.

3. Set display to show current measurement.

4. Set source function to DCV.

5. Enable source autorange.

6. Set source level to 5V.

7. Set current compliance to 100mA.

8. Set current measurement range to 100mA.

9. Set integration time to 1PLC.

10. Turn on SMU A output.

11. Measure the current and put reading in instrument output queue. This step imilar to using a SCPI “READ?” query to take a single reading.

is s

12. Turn off SMU A output.

Command sequence

The commands that implement the pseudocode are listed below. The syntax for

“send” and “enter” commands is for a Keithley Instruments GPIB card. To use

the a Keithley Instruments GPIB card in Visual Basic, you must include the “ieeevb.bas” module in your project. This module is included on the CD that comes with your GPIB card.

When you click the “Run with GPIB” button on the GUI, the commands are sent to

e Series 2600 and executed. The single reading returned by these commands is

th displayed in the Data text box as shown in Figure 2-9.

Return to In this Section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2-16 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Note: Addr% is the GPIB address of the instrument and is assigned the value of 26

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 0", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "reset()", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "display.screen = display.SMUA", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.levelv = 5", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.limiti = 0.1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.measure.rangei = 0.1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.measure.nplc = 1", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "print(smua.measure.i())", intStatus) Call send(Addr%, "smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF", intStatus) Call enter(strBuffer, 256, intNbytes, Addr%, intStatus) txtData.Text = strBuffer

Figure 2-9

Example program test results

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Remote Operation 2-17

Using VISA

Clicking on the “Run with VISA” button will send

the same commands to the Series 2600 using NI VISA. The VISA resource is for an instrument at address 26 connected to GPIB interface #1. Once again, a Keithley Instruments GPIB card was used for this example. However, VISA allows the same code to be used with GPIB cards made by other manufacturers, or with altogether different interfaces such as the RS-232 or the Ethernet.

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2-18 Remote Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

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In this section:

Topic Page

What is a script? 3-2

Factory scripts 3-2

User scripts 3-2

How do I run a script from the front panel? 3-2

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder? 3-3

Running a factory script 3-4

Modifying a factory script 3-6

Running the user script 3-12

Deleting a user script and user tests 3-13

How do I use other programs? 3-14

Using LabVIEW 3-14

Using Visual Basic 3-16

Section 3

Test Script Processor Interaction

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

3-2 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

What is a script?

Reference Refer to “Programming overview” in Section 2 of the Reference

Manual for more information on script fundamentals.

A script is a collection of instrument control commands and programming statements to perform one or more operations or task Series 2600 and is run by its Test Script Processor (TSP).

Factory scripts

The Series 2600 is shipped from the factory with at least one factory script stored in it’s non-volatile memory. Each factory script is made up of a series of functions to perform specific tests. A factory script function can be called (run) from the front panel or called using remote programming. A factory script cannot be deleted from non-volatile memory.

User scripts

A user script is a script created by a user using the Test Script Builder or an external program. The user script is loaded in the Series 2600 and stored in volatile or non-volatile memory. If stored in non-volatile memory, the script will not be lost when the instrument is turned off.

Keithley Instruments will be posting approved user scripts donated by registered users on its web site.

s. A script is stored in a

How do I run a script from the front panel?

Reference Refer to “Factory scripts” and “User Scripts” in Section 2 of the

Series 2600 Reference Manual for details on running scripts.

From the front panel, all factory script functions test is started, the operator will be prompted to enter test parameters. A user script may, or may not be interactive. A non-interactive script requires no operator input and will run to completion when it is started.

NOTE If the Series 2600 is in remote operation, press the LOCAL

key to return control to the front panel.

1. Press the LOAD key to display the LOAD TEST menu.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

are interactive. That is, when the

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-3

2. Position the blinking cursor on the FACTORY or USER menu item and press ENTER (or the Rotary Knob). Keep in mind that the Series 2600 is shipped with no user scripts loaded.

3. Position the blinking cursor on the test to be run, and then press ENTER.

4. Press the RUN key to start the test.

5. Enter required test parameters using the front panel controls.

Reading the buffer manual, “How do I use the buffer?” for details on recalling test data.

– Test data is stored in a buffer. Refer to in Section 1 of this

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?

Reference Refer to “Using the Test Script Builder” in Section 2 of the Series

2600 Reference Manual for details on the Test Script Builder.

The following function for factory script “KIGe memory of the Series 2600:

PulseVMeasureI(smu, bias, level, ton, toff, points)

The above function performs a specified number of pulse V, measure I cycles:

• Sets the

• Performs current measurement with the source at

• Sets the smu to output

• Repeats the above sequence for

Figure 3-1 sh

Figure 3-1

Pulse-measure cycle for the

smu to output bias volts and dwell for ton seconds. smu to output level volts and dwell for ton seconds.

bias volts for toff seconds.

ows one pulse-measure cycle for the function.

PulseVMeasureI function

level

Current measurement

neral” is stored in the non-volatile

level volts.

points pulse-measure cycles.

bias

ton toff

ton

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

bias

3-4 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Running a factory script

Reference Refer to “Factory scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for details on running factory scripts.

NOTE All commands to run a factory script are to be executed

from the Instrument Console of the Test Script Builder.

The following steps explain how to run the the data stored in the buffer.

NOTE The “KIGeneral” factory script is an autorun script. The

script runs automatically when the Series 2600 is turned on. The functions of the script are ready to be called.

PulseVMeasureI function and read

Step 1: Call the function

The following are example parameters for the PulseVMeasureI function which will perform three pulse voltage, measure current cycles:

smu = SMU A level = 1V toff = 2ms bias = -1V ton = 1ms points = 3

The following command will execute the above parameters:

PulseVMeasureI(smua, -1, 1, 1E-3, 2E-3, 3)

PulseVMeasureI function using the

Step 2: Read the buffer

Reference Refer to Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details

on the reading buffers.

The above function stores the three current measurements in the reading buffer (

smua.nvbuffer1). Also stored in the buffer are the voltage source settings and

timestamps for the measurements. The timestamps (in seconds) are referenced to the start of the test. The timer for the timestamps starts at zero seconds when the test is started.

printbuffer function is used to print (output) measured readings,

The timestamps and/or source values stored in the buffers.

Print readings – The readings stored in

rb1 = smua.nvbuffer1 printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1)

Example output: 1.234567e-03, 2.362360e-03, 2.362368e-03

For the above printbuffer function, 1 is the starting index for values to print,

rb1.n is the ending index (for this function, n = 3), and rb1 is the reading buffer

smua.nvbuffer1).

(

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

following code will return the three measured current

nvbuffer1:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-5

Print timestamps – The following command will print the timestamps for the three measured current readings:

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.timestamps)

Example output: 5.555555e-02, 8.888888e-02, 1.111111e-01

Print source values – The following command will print the voltage source values for the three measured current readings:

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.sourcevalues)

Output: 1.000000e+00, 1.000000e+00, 1.000000e+00

Print readings, timestamps and source values – The following command will return the three sets of data (nine values) in the same message:

printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1, rb1.timestamps, rb1.sourcevalues)

Example output:

1.234567e-03, 5.555555e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362360e-03,

8.888888e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362368e-03, 1.111111e-01,

1.000000e+00

The above output is returned in the following order:

reading1, timestamp1, sourcevalue1, reading2, timestamp2, sourcevalue2, r

eading3, timestamp3, sourcevalue3

Calling a function without parameters

When the command to call a script function is sent without parameters, input value fields and messages will appear on the display to prompt the operator to input the parameters using the front panel controls.

The following command will call the

SourceVMeasureI function and then require

operator interaction:

PulseVMeasureI()

After sending the above command, the Series 2600 display will prompt the operator to input the following parameters from the front panel:

• Enter BIAS voltage.

• Enter PULSE (level) voltage.

• Enter pulse ON time.

• Enter pulse OFF time.

• Enter number of pulses (points).

After the operator keys in each parameter and presses the ENTER ke

y (or the Rotary Knob), the display will proceed to the next input prompt. After the last parameter (number of pulses) is entered, the test will continue.

The following message will be displayed

when the test is finished:

PulseVMeasureI

Test complete.

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3-6 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Modifying a factory script

Reference Refer to “Factory scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on modifying a factory script.

A factory script can be imported from the Series 2600 into the Test Script Builder

re it can be modified. The modified script can then be loaded back into the

whe Series 2600 and saved as a user script.

The following procedure will import the KIGeneral fac Script Builder, modify code for the SourceVMeasureI function, load the script in the Series 2600 as a user script under a different name, and then configure the test to call the SourceVMeasureI function.

Step 1: Importing a factory script project

A factory script project is made of many executable functions. The

SourceVMeasureI function is one of the functions that make up the KIGeneral

factory script that is stored in the Series 2600.

Figure 3-2 sh

Series 2600 into the Test Script Builder. After importing appear as a folder in the Project Navigator with a script file named “main.tst” (Refer to Figure 3-3).

ows how to import the KIGeneral factory script project from the

tory script into the Test

the script, the project will

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-7

Figure 3-2

Importing a factory script project from the Series 2600

A) Click File to display the drop-down file menu

and click Import to open the Import wizard.

B) In the Import Select box, click Existing Project

From Instrument and then click Next.

C) In the Import Project From Instrument box, click

the KIGeneral project, and then click Finish.

KIGeneral

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

3-8 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure 3-3

KIGeneral project imported into the Test Script Builder

Test Code

Project Navigator

Step 2: Modifying the test code for the SourceVMeasureI function

As shown in Figure 3-3, the test code for the script functions is contained in the tab for the “main.tsp” script file. The test code KIGeneral factory script are in this tab. Use the scroll buttons on the right side of the tab to view more code.

Editing example

The following line of code in the “main.tsp” script file applies to the

SourceVMeasureI function:

92 bias = display.prompt("+00.000", " Seconds", "Enter

BIAS Voltage.", 0, -40, 40)

The above command defines a display input field and message prompt for entering the bias voltage. The be entered, and the

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

40 parameter sets the maximum voltage that can be entered.

-40 parameter sets the minimum voltage that can

for all of the functions of the

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-9

Now assume you wish to change the bias input limits to ±10V. Edit the line of code to the following:

92 bias = display.prompt("+00.000", " Seconds", "Enter

BIAS Voltage.", 0, -10, 10)

Saving the script – After modifying the script file, it must be saved by clicking the save icon on the toolbar of the Test Script Builder as follows:

Click to save the main.tsp script file

Step 3: Storing the script in non-volatile memory of the Series 2600

Reference Refer to “User scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on storing user scripts in non-volatile memory.

After modifying a factory script, it can be lo saved in non-volatile memory as a user script.

1. The Run co

nfiguration box is used to launch (load) a user script into the Series 2600 and save it in non-volatile memory. As shown below, open the Run box and then click Run in the drop-down menu:

aded back into the Series 2600 and

Click Run and then click Run in the drop-down menu.

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3-10 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

NOTE Figure 3-4 and 7. show how the Run box will look after the

launch is configured.

Figure 3-4

Run configuration example - Main tab shown

Changing the script Name from KIGeneral to KIGeneralUser also changes the name in the Configurations area.

2. In the Configurations area of the Run

box, select the KIGeneral script. The

launch configuration tabs for that script will appear in the Run box.

3. Presently, the Name of the script is KIGeneral. You should change the name so the script is not confused with the factory script of the same name that resides in the Series 2600. Change the script Name to KIGeneralUser and click the Apply button.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-11

4. As shown in Figure 3-4, the main.tsp file must be in the Load Order area of

the Run box. If it is in the Available Proje

ct Files area, double-click main.tsp to

move the file over.

Figure 3-5

Run configuration example - Script Attributes tab shown

5. Click the Script Attributes tab to display the load

and store options and select

the LoadOnly run action and Non-volatile storage as shown in 7..

6. Click the Apply button to s

et the run configuration.

7. Click the Run key to load the user script into non-volatile memory

Series 2600.

NOTE There is small bar graph at the bottom-right of the Test

Script Builder that will appear while a script is loading. The bar graph will continuously sequence through its segments while the script is loading.

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

of the

3-12 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Running the user script

Reference Refer to “User scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for details on running a user script.

Remote programming

The functions for the KIGeneralUser user script can be called after the script is run as follows:

KIGeneralUser()

After the above command is executed, any of the functions that make up the user script can be called in the same manner that factory script functions are called (refer to “Step 1: Call the function”).

Front panel operation

To run the script from the front panel, a test name has to be added to the USER TESTS submenu of the LOAD TEST menu. Since the KIGeneralUser script is

made up of eight functions, a front panel user test must run the script and also call a function. The following command will add the test name “PulseVMeasI” to the menu. It will also configure the test to run the

PulseVMeasureI function:

display.loadmenu.add("PulseVMeasI", "KIGeneralUser() PulseVMeasureI()", display.SAVE)

KIGeneralUser script and call the

Since no parameters are used in the function (PulseVMeasureI()), the test will be interactive and require the operator to input the test parameters using the front panel controls. Refer to “How do I run a script from the front panel?” described on earlier in this section for de

The command user tests for the other functions of the script. Make sure to use a different menu name for each function. For example, the following command will add the name “PulseIMeasV” for a test to call the

display.loadmenu.add("PulseIMeasV", "KIGeneralUser() PulseIMeasureV()", display.SAVE)

Reference Refer to “Load test menu” in Section 14 of the Series 2600 Refer-

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

display.loadmenu.add can be used to configure front panel

ence Manual for details on the

tails on running a user script from the front panel.

PulseIMeasureV function.

display.loadmenu.add function.

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-13

Deleting a user script and user tests

Deleting a user script

A user script can be deleted from non-volatile memory of the Series 2600. The following command will delete the

script.delete("KIGeneralUser")

Deleting a user test

After deleting a script, you should also delete the test from the USER TESTS menu since it no longer exists. The following command deletes the “PulseVMeasI” test from the menu:

display.loadmenu.delete("PulseVMeasI")

Reference Refer to “User scripts” in Section 2 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on deleting a user script. Refer to “Load test menu” in Section 14 of the Reference Manual for details on deleting user tests from the front panel USER TESTS menu.

KIGeneralUser user script:

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

3-14 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I use other programs?

Reference Refer to the LabVIEW and Visual Basic documentation for details

on using those programs.

Using LabVIEW

Source step example

The source step example is shown in Figure 3-6. The example steps the source voltage from 1V to 10V in 1V steps, measures the current at each step, and stores

result in a table. Once all steps are completed, the stored table current values

the are printed.

The Series 2600 command sequence:

localnode.prompts = 0 -- Disable prompts. data_table = {} -- Clear table. reset() -- Reset Series 2600. smua.source.output = 1 -- Turn on source output. for i=1,10 do -- Loop for 10 steps.

smua.source.levelv = i -- Set source level. mi = smua.measure.i() -- Take a current measurement.

table.insert(data_table,mi) -- Store measurement in table. end -- End of loop. smua.source.output = 0 -- Turn off output. print(table.concat(data_table,’,’)) -- Print table of current values. reset() -- Reset instrument.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-15

Figure 3-6

LabVIEW source step example

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

3-16 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Using Visual Basic

NOTE The form file (UserManualExample.frm) can be opened

using any text editor to view the code executed by the various command buttons.

The following examples look at how you can download and run Model 2600 Series scripts using Visual Basic. Two scripts were created for these examples. Both

scripts are based on the pseudocode and instrument commands presented

in Section 2 on using the Series 2600 as a traditional GPIB instrument while

lti-ple measurements are performed.

Example script 1 – script that does not use functions

The following script is in the file named “MeasCurrScript.tsp.” Note that the actual script contains additional comments, which have not been included here. Comments are identified by double dashes (--).

reset() display.screen = display.SMUA display.smua.measure.func = display.MEASURE_DCAMPS smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON smua.source.levelv = 5 smua.source.limiti = 0.1 smua.measure.rangei = 0.1 smua.measure.nplc = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON ntimes = 10 for i = 1, ntimes do

print(smua.measure.i()) -- Measure current and put reading in

end --for smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF

The primary code that reads the file and downloads the script to the Series 2600 is listed below. This code is executed when you select the Load “Non-Function” Script option, and then click the Load Script (GPIB) command button. Although not required, TSP prompts are enabled for this example because they provide useful test script processor status information when loading and running scripts. Refer to the Series 2600 System SourceMeter Instruments Reference Manual for more information about using prompts. As the script is being downloaded, it is displayed in the Script text box of the GUI (Graphical User Interface), as shown in

Figure 3-7

-- Perform following command(s) ntimes.

output queue.

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Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-17

Figure 3-7

GUI after loading the

non-function script (GPIB)

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

3-18 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.showerrors = 0", intStatus)

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 1", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

Open App.Path & "\" & "MeasCurrScript.tsp" For Input As #1

Call send(Addr%, "loadscript MeasCurrScript", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

Do While Not EOF(1)

Line Input #1, strScriptline

Call send(Addr%, strScriptline, intStatus)

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

strReturnMessage = Left(strReturnMessage,

Select Case strReturnMessage

Case ">>>>"

--Disable automatic display of errors - leave error messages in queue and enable Error Prompt. The "localnode" unit is being communicated with via GPIB or RS-

232.

--Turn on prompts; need to start handling the prompts as soon as this command is sent.

--Open the script file for sequential input.

“loadscript” identifies the beginning of the script. “MeasCurrScript” is the name assigned to the script.

Read the file.

Loop until the end of the script file.

Read a line from the script file

Send script line to Series 2600

Continuation prompt. TSP received script line successfully; waiting for next line.

Case "TSP>"

Ready prompt. TSP received script successfully; ready for next command.

Exit Do

Case "TSP?"

Error prompt. Error occurred; handle as desired. Use “errorqueue” commands to read and clear errors.

Case Else

No prompt received. Response other than shell prompt was received; handle as desired.

End Select

Loop Close #1

Call send(Addr%, "endscript", intStatus) strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Close the script file.

Tell TSP complete script has been downloaded.

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-19

Call send(Addr%, "localnode.prompts = 0", intStatus)

The primary code that runs the script and retrieves the measurement results is listed below. This code is executed when you click the Run Script (GPIB) command button. When you run this script it will perform ten measurements and send the readings to the PC. The results are displayed in the Data text box of the GUI as shown in Figure 3-8. TSP prompts are enabled prior to running the script

The following command runs the script; can also use "MeasCurrScript()" form of the command

Call send(Addr%, "MeasCurrScript.run()", intStatus)

Do strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

txtData.Text = txtData.Text & strReturnMessage Loop Until Left(strReturnMessage, 3) = "TSP" If strReturnMessage = "TSP?" Then

txtStatusDesc.Text = "Error Occurred"

Call send(Addr%, "print(errorqueue.next()", intStatus)

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

txtStatusDesc.Text = txtStatusDesc.Text & strReturnMessage &

vbCrLf End If

Disable prompts.

--Get output from script.

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3-20 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure 3-8

GUI after running the non-function script (GPIB)

Example script 2 – script that uses functions

The script used in this example is in the file named “MeasCurrFunctionScript.tsp.” This script is downloaded to the Series 2600 by selecting the Load “Function” Script option, and then clicking the Load Script (GPIB) command button. The script is downloaded exactly as shown in the previous example, except the “open file” and “loadscript” commands reflect the different script name, as shown below.

Open App.Path & "\" & "MeasCurrFunctionScript.tsp" For Input As #1 Call send(Addr%, "loadscript MeasCurrFunctionScript", intStatus)

The other difference is in the script itself, which is listed below. This script does not perform multiple current measurements, but rather it creates a function named “MeasCurr,” which performs one or more current measurements when it is called. The number of measurements depends on the value of “ntimes,” which is passed

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-21

to the function when it is called. Figure 3-9 shows the GUI (Graphical User Interface) after loading and running the script. Note that the Da

ta text box does not contain any readings as in the previous example; it simply indicates that the “MeasCurr(ntimes)” function has been created.

function MeasCurr(ntimes)

local l_i -- Local counter variable

for l_i = 1, ntimes do

print(smua.measure.i())

end --for

smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF

end --function

print("Function 'MeasCurr(ntimes)' created")

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

3-22 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure 3-9

GUI after loading and running the function script (GPIB)

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Test Script Processor Interaction 3-23

The primary code that calls the function and retrieves the measurement results is listed below. TSP prompts are enabled prior to calling the function. This code is executed when you click the Call Function (GPIB) command button. In this example, the function performs ten current measurements and sends the readings to the PC because “ntimes” is set to 10 when the function is called. The results are displayed in the Data text box as shown in Figure 3-10. Note that it would be just as easy to take one or 100 readings simply by calling the function with a differe

nt value for “ntimes,” for example, MeasCurr(100). You can pass parameters to a function, but not to a script. However, you must initially run a script to create a function. Refer to the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information about scripts and functions.

Call send(Addr%, "MeasCurr(10)", intStatus)

--Call function with ntimes=10 and then enter data.

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

txtData.Text = txtData.Text & strReturnMessage & vbCrLf Loop Until Left(strReturnMessage, 3) = "TSP" If strReturnMessage = "TSP?" Then

txtStatusDesc.Text = "Error Occurred"

Call send(Addr%, "print(errorqueue.next()", intStatus)

strReturnMessage = udfGetTspResponse()

txtStatusDesc.Text = txtStatusDesc.Text & strReturnMessage & vbCrLf

--Get output from function.

End If

--Take appropriate action based on error message.

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3-24 Test Script Processor Interaction Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure 3-10

GUI after calling the function (GPIB)

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

Section 4

Controlling Multiple SourceMeters (TSP-Link)

In this section:

Top ic

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?

Connect the TSP-Link system

Assign node numbers 4-2

Reset the TSP-Link 4-3

Check the state of the TSP-Link system

How do I use the expanded system? 4-4

Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes 4-4

Using node[N]

Using the alias (localnode) 4-4

Running scripts in a TSP-Link system 4-5

Page

4-2

4-4

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4-2 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

WARNING:NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

WARNING:NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS,SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY.

CAUTION:FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE HAZARD,REPLACE FUSE WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING.

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?

Up to 64 TSP-Link-enabled instruments (e.g., Series 2600 SourceMeters) can be connected together to form a TSP-Link system.

Step 1: Connect the TSP-Link system

Reference Refer to “Connections” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on TSP-Link connections.

A connection example for an expanded system is shown in Figu TSP-Link-enabled instruments in the system ar LAN crossover cables. In this example, the unit connected to the PC is the Master and the other units are its Slaves. Note that the Master does not have to be assigned as Node 1, nor does it have to be at the end of the node chain.

Figure 4-1

TSP-Link connections

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 64

CAT I CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

MADE IN

U.S.A.

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

TSPlink

TSP-Link connectors

(2 per instrument)

RS-232

GPIB

S HI

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

LISTED

SourceMeter

CAT I CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

4ZA4

MADE IN U.S.A.

LAN crossover cables

Type: Category 5e or higher. Length: 3 meters maximum between nodes.

Host

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

TSPlink

S HI

CAT I CHANNEL B

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

DIGITAL I/O

SourceMeter

MADE IN

U.S.A.

NOTE The PC is not needed for

stand-alone systems.

re 4-1. All the

e daisy-chained together using

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LISTED

4ZA4

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

TSPlink

S HI

IEEE-488

(CHANGE IEEE ADDRESS

WITH FRONT PANEL MENU)

CAT I

CHANNEL B

DIGITAL I/O

MADE IN U.S.A.

LINE RATING

LINE FUSE

100-240VAC

SLOWBLOW

50, 60Hz

3.15A, 250V 240VA MAX.

RS-232

TSPlink

CHANNEL A

CAT I

LOLO HIHI GGGG

LISTED

SourceMeter

4ZA4

Step 2: Assign node numbers

Reference Refer to “Initialization” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on assigning node numbers.

Each instrument in the TSP-Link system must have a unique node number

ssigned to it. The node number for each instrument is stored in its non-volatile

a memory and will not be lost when the instrument is turned off.

The TSP-Link node number is set from the MAIN MENU summarized in Table 4-1.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

of each instrument and is

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Controlling Multiple SourceMeters 4-3

Table 4-1

Assigning a node number to an instrument from the front panel

Series 2600 MAIN MENU

1) Press the MENU key to access MAIN MENU.

2) Select COMMUNICAT

3) Select TSPLIN

4) Select NOD

5) Set the NODE number (01 to 64) for the

K_CFG menu.

E menu.

ION menu.

instrument.

For remote programming, the tsplink.node attribute is used to set the node number for an instrument:

tsplink.node = N

where: N = 1 to 64

The node number of an instrument can be determined by reading the

tsplink.node attribute as follows:

nodenumber = tsplink.node print(nodenumber)

The above print command will return the node number. For example, if the node number is 1, the value

1.000000e00 will be returned.

Step 3: Reset the TSP-Link

Reference Refer to “Initialization” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on resetting the TSP-Link.

After all the node numbers are set, you must reset (initialize) the TSP-Link interface sys the TSP-Link reset is performed.

The TSP-Link reset can be performed from the MAIN MENU of an the system; this process is summarized in Table 4-2.

Table 4-2

Resetting the TSP-Link from the front panel

1) Press the MENU key to access MAIN MENU.

2) Select COMMUNICAT

3) Select TSPLIN

4) Select RESET

For remote programming, the following command initializes the TSP-Link:

tsplink.reset()

tem. For initialization to succeed, all units must be powered on when

Series 2600 MAIN MENU

ION menu.

K-CFG menu.

to initialize the TSP-Link.

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

y instrument in

4-4 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Step 4: Check the state of the TSP-Link system

Reference Refer to “Initialization” in Section 9 of the Series 2600 Reference

Manual for more information on checking the state of the TSP-Link.

The tsplink.state read-only attribute is used to determine whether or not the TSP-Link reset routine was completed successfully. The returned value indicates that the reset was successful for all instruments (nodes) in the system. The value

A few typical reasons for a reset failure include the following:

• Two or more instruments in the system h

• There are no other instruments connected to the un

• One of the units in a properly conn

offline indicates that the reset has failed.

ave the same node number.

it performing the reset.

ected system isn't powered on.

online

Programming example – Afte system, the following command checks the state of the TSP-Link:

print(tsplink.state)

If the reset is successful, online will be the output to indicate that communication to all nodes is established.

r assigning node numbers to the instruments in the

How do I use the expanded system?

Reference Refer to “Using the expanded system” in Section 9 of the Series

2600 Reference Manual for more information on using the system.

Accessing resources of TSP-Link nodes

After a successful TSP-Link reset, the node and localnode variables can be used to access resources of any node in the system.

Using node[N]

The node[N] variable (where N = 1 to 64) is used to send a command to any node in the system. The node can be the Master or a Slave. Examples:

node[4].smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of Node 4. node[1].smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of Node 1.

Using the alias (localnode)

The variable localnode is an alias for node[N], where N is the node number of the Master.

For example, assume that Node 1 is the M command to Node 1, you can use

node[1].smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of the Master (Node 1). localnode.smua.reset() -- Resets SMU A of the Master (Node 1).

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

node[1] or localnode as follows:

aster in a TSP-Link system. To send a

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Controlling Multiple SourceMeters 4-5

Running scripts in a TSP-Link system

For remote programming, only a script stored in the Master can be run. Scripts in the Slaves cannot be accessed. Refer to “How do I interact with scr

Script Builder?” in Section 3.

For front panel operation, a script in any node can be run from its front panel. For details,

refer to “How do I run a script from the front panel?” in Section 3.

ipts using Test

Return to In this section: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

4-6 Controlling Multiple SourceMeters Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this section:

In this Appendix:

Appendix A

Specifications

Model 2600S Speciﬁcations

, page A-2

Return to 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

2601

System SourceMeter

2602

Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS

This document contains speciﬁcations and supplemental information for the Models 2601 and 2602. Speciﬁcations are the standards against which the Models 2601 and 2602 are tested. Upon leaving the factory the 2601 and 2602 meet these speciﬁcations. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at 23°C, and are provided solely as useful information.

The source and measurement accuracies are speciﬁed at the SourceMeter CHANNEL A (2601 and

2602) or SourceMeter CHANNEL B (2602) terminals under the following conditions:

1. 23°C ± 5°C, <70% relative humidity.

2. After 2 hour warm-up.

3. Speed normal (1 NPLC).

4. A/D auto-zero enabled.

5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local operation.

6. Calibration period = 1 year.

SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

VOLTAGE PROGRAMMING ACCURACY

RANGE

100.000 mV 5µV 0.02% + 250 µV 20 µV

1.00000 V 50 µV 0.02% + 400 µV 50 µV

6.00000 V 50 µV 0.02% + 1.8 mV 100 µV

40.0000 V 500 µV 0.02% + 12 mV 500 µV

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C. MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER AND SOURCE/SINK LIMITS

@ ±1.0A, ±6.06V @ ±3.0A, four quadrant source or sink operation.

VOLTAGE REGULATION: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100µV). NOISE 10Hz–20MHz (peak-peak): 25mV typical into a resistive load. CURRENT LIMIT/COMPLIANCE

value is 10nA. Accuracy same as current source.

OVERSHOOT: <±(0.1% + 10mV) typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum

current limit/compliance).

GUARD OFFSET VOLTAGE: <10mV typical (Iout ≤ 100mA).

PROGRAMMING

RESOLUTION

: Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum

CURRENT PROGRAMMING ACCURACY

RANGE

100.000 nA 1 pA 0.06% + 100 pA 5 pA

1.00000 µA 10 pA 0.03% + 600 pA 25 pA

10.0000 µA 100 pA 0.03% + 2 nA 50 pA

100.000 µA 1 nA 0.03% + 30 nA 3 nA

1.00000 mA 10 nA 0.03% + 200 nA 5 nA

10.0000 mA 100 nA 0.03% + 3 µA 200 nA

100.000 mA 1 µ A 0.03% + 20 µ A 500 nA

1.00000 A

3.00000 A

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C. MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER AND SOURCE/SINK LIMITS

@ ±40.0V, ±3.03A @ ±6.0V, four quadrant source or sink operation.

CURRENT REGULATION: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100pA). VOLTAGE LIMIT/COMPLIANCE

Minimum value is 10mV. Accuracy same as voltage source.

OVERSHOOT: <0.1% typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load; see CURRENT SOURCE

OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions).

PROGRAMMING

RESOLUTION

10 µA 0.05% + 900 µA 60 µA

10 µA 0.06% + 1.5 mA 150 µA

: Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with a single value.

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(% rdg. + volts)

: 40.4W per channel maximum. ±40.4V

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(% rdg. + amps)

: 40.4W per channel maximum. ±1.01A

TYPICAL NOISE

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz–10Hz

TYPICAL NOISE

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz–10Hz

ADDITIONAL SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

TRANSIENT RESPONSE TIME: <70µs for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step

change in load.

VOLTAGE SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME: Time required to reach 0.1% of ﬁnal value, when

changing from 10% to 90% of range, after source level command is processed on a ﬁxed range.

100mV, 1V Ranges: <50µs typical. 6V Range: <100µs typical. 40V Range: <150µs typical.

CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME: Time required to reach 0.1% of ﬁnal value, when

changing from 10% to 90% of range, after source level command is processed on a ﬁxed range. Values below for Iout · Rload = 2V unless noted.

3A–10mA Ranges: <80µs typical (current less than 2.5A, Rload >1.5Ω). 1mA Range: <100µs typical. 100µA Range: <150µs typical. 10µA Range: <500µs typical. 1µA Range: <2.5ms typical.

100nA Range: <25ms typical. DC FLOATING VOLTAGE: Output can be ﬂoated up to ±250VDC from chassis ground. REMOTE SENSE OPERATING RANGE

Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3V.

Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V.

VOLTAGE OUTPUT HEADROOM:

40V Range: Max. output voltage = 42V – total voltage drop across source leads (maximum 1Ω per

source lead).

6V Range: Max. output voltage = 8V – total voltage drop across source leads. OVER TEMPERATURE PROTECTION: Internally sensed temperature overload puts unit in

standby mode. VOLTAGE SOURCE RANGE CHANGE OVERSHOOT: Overshoot into a 100kΩ load, 20MHz BW,

300mV typical. CURRENT SOURCE RANGE CHANGE OVERSHOOT: <5% + 300mV/Rload of larger range typical.

(See CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions.)

NOTES

1. Add 50µV to source accuracy speciﬁcations per volt of HI lead drop.

2. Full power source operation regardless of load to 30°C ambient. Above 30°C and/or power sink operation, refer to

Section 8 – Operating Boundaries in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information.

3. For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding

current limit accuracy speciﬁcations. For 1A range add an additional 40mA of uncertainty.

4. For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corre-

sponding voltage source speciﬁcation. For 100mV range add an additional 60mV of uncertainty.

5. Add 150µs when measuring on the 1A range.

A-2

2601

System SourceMeter

2602

Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

METER SPECIFICATIONS

VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT ACCURACY

DISPLAY

RANGE

100.000 mV 1 µV

1.00000 V 10 µV

6.00000 V 10 µV

40.0000 V 100 µV

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C.

RESOLUTION

CURRENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY

DISPLAY

RANGE

100.000 nA 1 pA <1 mV 0.05 % + 100 pA

1.00000 µ A 10 pA <1 mV 0.025% + 300 pA

10.0000 µ A 100 pA <1 mV 0.025% + 1.5 nA

100.000 µ A 1 nA <1 mV 0.02 % + 25 nA

1.00000 mA 10 nA <1 mV 0.02 % + 200 nA

10.0000 mA 100 nA <1 mV 0.02 % + 2.5 µA

100.000 mA 1 µA <1 mV 0.02 % + 20 µA

1.00000 A 10 µA <1 mV 0.03 % + 1.5 mA

3.00000 A 10 µA <1 mV 0.05 % + 3.5 mA

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C.

CONTACT CHECK

SPEED

FAST 1 (1.2) ms 5% + 10

MEDIUM 4 (5) ms 5% + 1

SLOW 36 (42) ms 5% + 0.3

RESOLUTION

MAXIMUM MEASUREMENT

TIME TO MEMORY FOR 60Hz (50Hz)

ADDITIONAL METER SPECIFICATIONS

LOAD IMPEDANCE: Stable into 10,000pF typical. COMMON MODE VOLTAGE: 250VDC. COMMON MODE ISOLATION: >1GΩ, <4500pF. OVERRANGE: 101% of source range, 102% of measure range. MAXIMUM SENSE LEAD RESISTANCE: 1kΩ for rated accuracy. SENSE INPUT IMPEDANCE: >10GΩ.

NOTES

1. Add 50µV to source accuracy speciﬁcations per volt of HI lead drop.

2. Four-wire remote sense only.

3. Applies when in single channel display mode.

4. Includes measurement of SENSE HI to HI and SENSE LO to LO contact resistances.

INPUT

RESISTANCE

>10 GΩ >10 GΩ >10 GΩ >10 GΩ

VOLTAGE BURDEN

ACCURACY (1 Year)

±(% rdg. + volts)

ACCURACY (1 Year)

±(% rdg. + amps)

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(%rdg. + ohms)

23°C ±5°C

0.015% + 150 µV

0.015% + 200 µV

0.015% + 1 mV

0.015% + 8 mV

23°C ±5°C

GENERAL

HOST INTERFACES: Computer control interfaces. IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model

topology.

RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity

type, and ﬂow control (RTS/CTS hardware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation.

EXPANSION INTERFACE: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP enabled instruments to

trigger and communicate with each other.

Cable Type: Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable. Length: 3 meters maximum between each TSP enabled instrument.

DIGITAL I/O INTERFACE:

Connector: 25-pin female D. Input/Output Pins: 14 open drain I/O bits. Absolute Maximum Input Voltage: 5.25V. Absolute Minimum Input Voltage: –0.25V. Maximum Logic Low Input Voltage: 0.7V, +850µA max. Minimum Logic High Input Voltage: 2.1V, +570µA. Maximum Source Current (ﬂowing out of Digital I/O bit): +960µA. Maximum Sink Current @ Maximum Logic Low Voltage (0.7V): –5.0mA. Absolute Maximum Sink Current (ﬂowing into Digital I/O pin): –11mA. 5V Power Supply Pin: Limited to 600mA, solid state fuse protected.

+5V Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Digital I/O Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

GND Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Output Enable Pin: Active high input pulled down internally to ground with 10kΩ resistor.

When the Output Enable input function has been activated, each SourceMeter channel will not turn on unless the Output Enable pin is driven to >2.1V (nominal current = 2.1V / 10kΩ = 210µA).

POWER SUPPLY: 100V to 240VAC, 50–60Hz (manual setting), 240VA max. COOLING: Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack

mounted.

WARRANTY: 1 year. EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1. SAFETY: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1. DIMENSIONS: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 460mm deep (3

Conﬁguration (with handle & feet): 104mm high × 238mm wide × 460mm deep (4

⁄8in × 171⁄2in).

WEIGHT: 2601: 4.75kg (10.4 lbs). 2602: 5.50kg (12.0 lbs). ENVIRONMENT: For indoor use only.

Altitude: Maximum 2000 meters above sea level. Operating: 0°–50°C, 70% R.H. up to 35°C. Derate 3% R.H./°C, 35°–50°C. Storage: –25°C to 65°C.

600mA

Solid State

Fuse

100Ω

Rear Panel

+5VDC

5.1kΩ Read by

firmware

Written by firmware

⁄2in × 83⁄8in × 171⁄2in). Bench

⁄8in ×

A-3

2611

+1.5A

+10A

–10A

–1A

+1A

+0.1A

–0.1A

–1.5A

+200V+5V

–5V

+20V–20V 0V

+180V

–180V–200V

System SourceMeter

2612

Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS

This document contains speciﬁcations and supplemental information for the Models 2611 and 2612. Speciﬁcations are the standards against which the Models 2611 and 2612 are tested. Upon leaving the factory the 2611 and 2612 meet these speciﬁcations. Supplemental and typical values are nonwarranted, apply at 23°C, and are provided solely as useful information.

The source and measurement accuracies are speciﬁed at the SourceMeter CHANNEL A (2611 and

2612) or SourceMeter CHANNEL B (2612) terminals under the following conditions:

1. 23°C ± 5°C, <70% relative humidity.

2. After 2 hour warm-up.

3. Speed normal (1 NPLC).

4. A/D auto-zero enabled.

5. Remote sense operation or properly zeroed local sense operation.

6. Calibration period = 1 year.

SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

VOLTAGE PROGRAMMING ACCURACY

RANGE

200.000 mV 5 µV 0.02% + 375 µV 20 µV

2.00000 V 50 µV 0.02% + 600 µV 50 µV

20.0000 V 500 µV 0.02% + 5 mV 300 µV

200.000 V 5mV 0.02% + 50 mV 2mV

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C. MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER AND SOURCE/SINK LIMITS

±20.2V @ ±1.515A, ±202V @ ±101mA, four quadrant source or sink operation.

VOLTAGE REGULATION: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100µV). NOISE 10Hz–20MHz: <5mV RMS typical, 20V range, 1A limit. CURRENT LIMIT/COMPLIANCE

value is 10nA. Accuracy same as current source.

OVERSHOOT: <±(0.1% + 10mV) typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load, maximum

current limit/compliance).

GUARD OFFSET VOLTAGE: <4mV (current ≤10mA).

PROGRAMMING

RESOLUTION

: Bipolar current limit (compliance) set with single value. Minimum

CURRENT PROGRAMMING ACCURACY

RANGE

100.000 nA 2 pA 0.06% + 100 pA 5 pA

1.00000 µA 20 pA 0.03% + 800 pA 25 pA

10.0000 µA 200 pA 0.03% + 5 nA 60 pA

100.000 µA 2 nA 0.03% + 60 nA 3 nA

1.00000 mA 20 nA 0.03% + 300 nA 6 nA

10.0000 mA 200 nA 0.03% + 6 µA 200 nA

100.000 mA 2 µ A 0.03% + 30 µA 600 nA

1.00000 A

1.50000 A

10.0000 A

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C. MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER AND SOURCE/SINK LIMITS

±1.515A @ ±20.2V, ±101mA @ ±202V, four quadrant source or sink operation.

CURRENT REGULATION: Line: 0.01% of range. Load: ±(0.01% of range + 100pA). VOLTAGE LIMIT/COMPLIANCE

Minimum value is 10mV. Accuracy same as voltage source.

OVERSHOOT: <0.1% typical (step size = 10% to 90% of range, resistive load; see CURRENT SOURCE

OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions).

PROGRAMMING

RESOLUTION

20 µA 0.05% + 1.8 mA 70 µA

50 µA 0.06% + 4 mA 150 µA

2, 5

200 µA 0.5 % + 40 mA

: Bipolar voltage limit (compliance) set with a single value.

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(% rdg. + volts)

: 30.603W per channel maximum.

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(% rdg. + amps)

: 30.603W per channel maximum.

NOISE

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz–10Hz

NOISE

(peak-peak)

0.1Hz–10Hz

ADDITIONAL SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS

TRANSIENT RESPONSE TIME: <70µs for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step

change in load.

VOLTAGE SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME: Time required to reach 0.1% of ﬁnal value after

source level command is processed on a ﬁxed range.

200mV, 2V Ranges: <50µs typical. 20V Range: <100µs typical. 200V Range: <700µs typical.

CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME: Time required to reach 0.1% of ﬁnal value after source

level command is processed on a ﬁxed range. Values below for Iout · Rload = 2V unless noted.

1.5A–1A Ranges: <120µs typical (Rload >6Ω). 100mA–10mA Ranges: <80µs typical. 1mA Range: <100µs typical. 100µA Range: <150µs typical.

DC FLOATING VOLTAGE: Output can be ﬂoated up to ±250VDC from chassis ground. REMOTE SENSE OPERATING RANGE

VOLTAGE OUTPUT HEADROOM:

200V Range: Max. output voltage = 202.3V – total voltage drop across source leads (maximum

1Ω per source lead).

20V Range: Max. output voltage = 23.3V – total voltage drop across source leads (maximum

1Ω per source lead).

OVER TEMPERATURE PROTECTION: Internally sensed temperature overload puts unit in

standby mode.

VOLTAGE SOURCE RANGE CHANGE OVERSHOOT: Overshoot into a 100kΩ load, 20MHz BW,

300mV typical.

CURRENT SOURCE RANGE CHANGE OVERSHOOT: <5% + 300mV/Rload + 60nA of larger range

typical. (See CURRENT SOURCE OUTPUT SETTLING TIME for additional test conditions.)

10µA Range: <500µs typical. 1µA Range: <2ms typical. 100nA Range: <20ms typical.

: Maximum voltage between HI and SENSE HI = 3V.

Maximum voltage between LO and SENSE LO = 3V.

PULSE SPECIFICATIONS

REGION

MINIMUM PROGRAMMABLE PULSE WIDTH8: 200µs. NOTE: Minimum pulse width for settled source

at a given I/V output and load can be longer than 200µs. See note 11 for typical settling times.

PULSE WIDTH PROGRAMMING RESOLUTION: 1µs. PULSE WIDTH PROGRAMMING ACCURACY TYPICAL PULSE WIDTH JITTER: 50µs.

MAXIMUM CURRENT

1 100 mA @ 200 V DC, no limit 100% 1 1.5 A @ 20 V DC, no limit 100% 2 1 A @ 180 V 8.5 ms 1%

3 4 10 A @ 5 V

LIMIT

1 A @ 200 V 2.2 ms 1%

MAXIMUM PULSE

: ±25µs.

WIDTH

1 ms

MAXIMUM DUTY

CYCLE

2.2%

A-4

2611

Pulse Level

Bias Level

Start t

off

90%

10%

off

10%

System SourceMeter

2612

Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS (continued)

PULSE SPECIFICATIONS (continued)

NOTES

1. Add 50µV to source accuracy speciﬁcations per volt of HI lead drop.

2. Full power source operation regardless of load to 30°C ambient. Above 30°C and/or power sink operation, refer to Section 8 – Operating Boundaries in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for additional power derating information.

3. For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 12% of limit range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding current limit accuracy speciﬁcations. For 1A range add an additional 40mA of uncertainty.

4. For sink mode operation (quadrants II and IV), add 10% of compliance range and ±0.02% of limit setting to corresponding voltage source speciﬁcation. For 200mV range add an additional 120mV of uncertainty.

5. 10A range accessible only in pulse mode.

6. Accuracy speciﬁcations do not include connector leakage. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 per °C when operating between 18°–28°C. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 + (0.15 * Vout/2E11) per °C when operating <18°C and >28°C.

7. 150mV under pulse conditions with compliance set to 1A.

8. Times measured from the start of pulse to the start of off-time; see ﬁgure below.

9. Thermally limited in sink mode (quadrants 2 and 4) and ambient temperatures above 30°C. See power equations in the reference manual for more information.

10. Voltage source operation with 1.5A current limit.

11. Typical performance for minimum settled pulse widths:

Source Value Load

5 V

20 V

180 V

200V (1.5A limit)

100 mA

1 A 1 A

10 A

Typical tests were performed using remote operation, 4W sense, Keithley 2600-BAN cables and best, ﬁxed measurement range. For more information on pulse scripts, see the Series 2600 Reference Manual.

0.5 Ω 200 Ω 180 Ω 200 Ω 200 Ω

20 Ω

180 Ω

0.5 Ω

Source Settling

(% of range) Min. Pulse Width

1% 300 µs

0.2% 200 µs

0.2% 5ms

0.2% 1.5 ms 1% 200 µs 1% 500 µs

0.2% 5ms

0.5% 300 µs

METER SPECIFICATIONS

VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT ACCURACY

DISPLAY

RANGE

200.000 mV 1µV

2.00000 V 10 µV

20.0000 V 100 µV

200.000 V 1mV

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C.

RESOLUTION

CURRENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY

DISPLAY

RANGE

100.000 nA 1 pA <1 mV 0.05 % + 100 pA

1.00000 µA 10 pA <1 mV 0.025% + 500 pA

10.0000 µA 100 pA <1 mV 0.025% + 1.5 nA

100.000 µA 1 nA <1 mV 0.02 % + 25 nA

1.00000 mA 10 nA <1 mV 0.02 % + 200 nA

10.0000 mA 100 nA <1 mV 0.02 % + 2.5 µA

100.000 mA 1 µA <1 mV 0.02 % + 20 µ A

1.00000 A 10 µA <1 mV 0.03 % + 1.5 mA

1.50000 A 10 µA <1 mV 0.05 % + 3.5 mA

10.0000 A

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (0°–18°C & 28°–50°C): ±(0.15 × accuracy speciﬁcation)/°C.

CONTACT CHECK

SPEED

FAST 1 (1.2) ms 5% + 10

MEDIUM 4 (5) ms 5% + 1

SLOW 36 (42) ms 5% + 0.3

RESOLUTION

MAXIMUM MEASUREMENT

100 µA <1 mV 0.4 % + 25 mA

TIME TO MEMORY FOR 60Hz (50Hz)

1, 7

INPUT

RESISTANCE

>10 GΩ >10 GΩ >10 GΩ >10 GΩ

VOLTAGE

BURDEN

6, 7

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(% rdg. + volts)

0.015% + 225 µV

0.02 % + 350 µV

0.015% + 5 mV

0.015% + 50 mV

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(% rdg. + amps)

ACCURACY (1 Year)

23°C ±5°C

±(%rdg. + ohms)

A-5

ADDITIONAL METER SPECIFICATIONS

NOTES

1. Add 50µV to source accuracy speciﬁcations per volt of HI lead drop.

2. Four-wire remote sense only.

3. Applies when in single channel display mode.

4. Includes measurement of SENSE HI to HI and SENSE LO to LO contact resistances.

5. 10A range accessible only in pulse mode.

6. De-rate accuracy by Vout/2E11 per °C when operating between 18°–28°C. Derate accuracy by Vout/2E11 + (0.15 * Vout/2E11) per °C when operating <18°C and >28°C.

7. De-rate accuracy speciﬁcations for NPLC setting <1 by increasing error term. Add appropriate % of range term using table below:

NPLC 200mV 2V–200V 100nA 1µA–100mA 1A–1.5A

Setting Range Ranges Range Ranges Ranges

0.1 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%

0.01 0.08% 0.07% 0.1 % 0.05% 0.05%

0.001 0.8 % 0.6 % 1 % 0.5 % 1.1 %

2611

10kΩ

Coil

Resistance

145Ω ±10%

Read by firmware

INTERLOCK Pin

(on DIGITAL I/O

connector)

Rear Panel

Chassis Ground

To output stage

+220V Supply –220V Supply

System SourceMeter

2612

Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

GENERAL

HOST INTERFACES: Computer control interfaces. IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology. RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and ﬂow control (RTS/CTS hard-

ware or none). When not programmed as the active host interface, the SourceMeter can use the RS-232 interface to control other instrumentation.

EXPANSION INTERFACE: The TSP-Link expansion interface allows TSP enabled instruments to trigger and communicate with

each other.

Cable Type: Category 5e or higher LAN crossover cable. Length: 3 meters maximum between each TSP enabled instrument.

DIGITAL I/O INTERFACE (see 2601/02 GENERAL speciﬁcations for circuit diagram):

insure 200V operation. This signal is pulled down to chassis ground with a 10kΩ resistor. 200V operation will be blocked when the INTERLOCK signal is <0.4V (absolute minimum of –0.4V). See ﬁgure below:

POWER SUPPLY: 100V to 240VAC, 50–60Hz (manual setting), 240VA max. COOLING: Forced air. Side intake and rear exhaust. One side must be unobstructed when rack mounted. WARRANTY: 1 year. EMC: Conforms to European Union Directive 89/336/EEC, EN 61326-1. SAFETY: Conforms to European Union Directive 73/23/EEC, EN 61010-1, and UL 61010-1. DIMENSIONS: 89mm high × 213mm wide × 460mm deep (3

104mm high × 238mm wide × 460mm deep (4

WEIGHT: 2611: 4.75kg (10.4 lbs). 2612: 5.50kg (12.0 lbs). ENVIRONMENT: For indoor use only.

Altitude: Maximum 2000 meters above sea level. Operating: 0°–50°C, 70% R.H. up to 35°C. Derate 3% R.H./°C, 35°–50°C. Storage: –25°C to 65°C.

⁄2in × 83⁄8in × 171⁄2in). Bench Conﬁguration (with handle & feet):

⁄8in × 93⁄8in × 171⁄2in).

A-6

Series 2600

System SourceMeter Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

SPEED SPECIFICATIONS

MAXIMUM SWEEP OPERATION RATES (operations per second) FOR 60Hz (50Hz):

A/D CONVERTER

SPEED

0.001 NPLC Internal 10000 (10000) 8000 (8000) 5500 (5500) 3600 (3600) 4900 (4900) 3100 (3100)

0.001 NPLC Digital I/O 2700 (2650) 2100 (2100) 2300 (2300) 1900 (1875) 2200 (2150) 1800 (1775)

0.01 NPLC Internal 4000 (3500) 3600 (3200) 2750 (2700) 2300 (2100) 2800 (2500) 2100 (1975)

0.01 NPLC Digital I/O 1900 (1775) 1600 (1500) 1700 (1600) 1450 (1400) 1600 (1500) 1400 (1325)

0.1 NPLC Internal 565 (475) 555 (470) 540 (450) 510 (440) 535 (455) 505 (430)

0.1 NPLC Digital I/O 490 (420) 470 (405) 470 (410) 450 (390) 470 (400) 450 (390)

1.0 NPLC Internal 59 (49) 59 (49) 58 (49) 58 (48) 58 (49) 58 (48)

1.0 NPLC Digital I/O 58 (48) 58 (48) 58 (48) 57 (48) 57 (48) 57 (48)

TRIGGER ORIGIN

MEASURE

TO MEMORY

MEASURE

TO GPIB

SOURCE MEASURE

TO MEMORY

SOURCE MEASURE

TO GPIB

SOURCE MEASURE

PASS /FAIL

TO MEMORY

MAXIMUM SINGLE MEASUREMENT RATES (operations per second) FOR 60Hz (50Hz):

A/D CONVERTER

SPEED

0.001 NPLC Internal 1110 (1000) 880 (880) 840 (840)

0.01 NPLC Internal 950 (900) 780 (760) 730 (710)

0.1 NPLC Internal 390 (345) 355 (320) 340 (305)

1.0 NPLC Internal 57 (48) 56 (47) 56 (47)

MAXIMUM MEASUREMENT RANGE CHANGE RATE: >4500/second typical. When changing to or

from a range ≥1A, maximum rate is >2000/second typical.

MAXIMUM SOURCE RANGE CHANGE RATE: >400/second, typical. MAXIMUM SOURCE FUNCTION CHANGE RATE: >500/second, typical. EXTERNAL TRIGGER INPUT: The Digital I/O interface signals can be conﬁgured to behave as trigger

inputs.

Input Latency (time from trigger input to start of measurement or source change):

<150µs, typical.

Input Jitter: <100µs, typical.

COMMAND PROCESSING TIME: Maximum time required for the output to begin to change follow-

ing the receipt of the smux.source.levelv or smux.source.leveli command. <1ms typical.

TRIGGER ORIGIN

MEASURE

TO GPIB

SOURCE MEASURE

TO GPIB

SOURCE MEASURE

PASS/FAIL

TO GPIB

NOTES

1. See the Speed Speciﬁcations Test Conditions Appendix in the Series 2600 Reference Manual for more information regarding test conditions.

SOURCE MEASURE

PASS /FAIL

TO GPIB

Speciﬁcations are subject to change without notice. Rev. B

Model 2601/2611 Rear Panel

A-7

Model 2602/2612 Rear Panel

Series 2600

System SourceMeter Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

FRONT PANEL INTERFACE: 2-line vacuum ﬂuorescent display (VFD) with keypad and rotary knob.

Display:

• Show error messages and user deﬁned messages

• Display source and limit settings

• Show current and voltage measurements

• View measurements stored in non-volatile reading buffers

Keypad Operations:

• Change host interface settings

• Save and restore instrument setups

• Load and run factor y and user deﬁned test scripts (i.e. sequences) that prompt for input and send results to the display

• Store measurements into non-volatile reading buffers

PROGRAMMING: Embedded Test Script Processor (TSP) accessible from any host interface. Responds

to individual instrument control commands. Responds to high-speed test scripts comprised of instrument control commands and Test Script Language (TSL) statements (e.g. branching, looping, math, etc.). Able to execute high-speed test scripts stored in memory without host intervention.

Minimum Memory Available: 3 Mbytes (approximately 50,000 lines of TSL code). Test Script Builder: Integrated Development Environment for building, running, and managing

TSP scripts. Includes an Instrument Console for communicating with any TSP enabled instrument in an interactive manner. Requires:

• VISA (NI-VISA included on CD)

• Microsoft .NET Framework (included on CD)

• Keithley I/O Layer (included on CD)

• Pentium III 800MHz or faster personal computer

• Microsoft Windows 98, NT, 2000, or XP

Drivers: IVI/VISA drivers for VB, VC/C++, LabVIEW, TestPoint, and LabWindows/CVI

READING BUFFERS: Non-volatile storage area(s) reserved for measurement data. Reading buffers are

arrays of measurement elements. Each element can hold the following items:

• Measurement

• Measurement status

• Timestamp

• Source setting (at the time the measurement was taken)

• Range information Two reading buffers are reserved for each SourceMeter channel. Reading buffers can be ﬁlled using

the front panel STORE key and retrieved using the RECALL key or host interface.

Buffer Size, with timestamp and source setting: >50,000 samples. Buffer Size, without timestamp and source setting: >100,000 samples. Battery Backup: Lithium-ion battery backup. 30 days of non-volatile storage @ 23°C, and

>4 hours of charge time. 3 year battery life @ 23°C. 1.5 year battery life @ 50°C.

Each SourceMeter has two TSP-Link connectors to facilitate chaining instruments together.

• Once SourceMeter instruments are interconnected via TSP-Link, a computer can access all of the resources of each SourceMeter via the host interface of any SourceMeter.

• A maximum of 64 TSP-Link nodes can be interconnected. Each SourceMeter consumes one TSP-Link node.

TIMER: Free running 47 bit counter with 1MHz clock input. Reset each time instrument powers up.

Rolls over every 4 years.

Timestamp: TIMER value automatically saved when each measurement is triggered. Resolution: 1µs. Accuracy: 50ppm.

A-8

In this Appendix:

How do I optimize performance? B-2

Setting speed B-2 Disabling auto zero to increase speed B-2

How do I use the Digital I/O port? B-3

Controlling the Digital I/O port B-3

How do I trigger other instruments? B-5

Triggering a scanner B-5 Programming triggering B-5

How do I generate a service request? B-6

Setting up a service request B-6 Service request programming example B-6 Polling for SRQs B-6

Appendix B

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory? B-7

Front panel operation B-7 Remote programming B-7

How do I stack channels to output higher voltage? B-9

How do I parallel channels to output higher current? B-11

How do I make contact check measurements? B-12

Contact check connections B-12 Contact check programming example B-13

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-2 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I optimize performance?

Reference Refer to “Operation considerations” in Section 4 and “Speed” in

Section 6 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for detailed information on performance factors that affect measurement speed and accuracy.

There are three primary factors that affect measurement accuracy and speed:

• Warm-up – For rated measurement accuracy, allow the Series 2600 to warm up for at least one hour before use.

• Speed setting – The Speed setting affects both speed and accuracy.

• Auto zero – Auto zero can be disabled to increase speed at the expense of accuracy.

Setting speed

Press the SPEED key, then choose the setting based on your requirements:

• Choose the FAST setting for the fastest measurements, but measurement accuracy will be reduced.

• For best accuracy, use the HI ACCURACY setting, but speed will be reduced.

• To compromise between accuracy and speed, use the MED or NORMAL setting.

Disabling auto zero to increase speed

In certain measuring situations, disabling auto zero can increase measurement speed, but accuracy will drift with time. To disable auto zero, select CONFIG > MEAS > AUTO-ZERO, then set to OFF. To minimize drift with auto zero disabled, use the ONCE selection just before measuring.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Frequently Asked Questions B-3

How do I use the Digital I/O port?

Reference Refer to Section 10 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for com-

plete details on the Digital I/O port.

Digital I/O port terminals

The Digital I/O port, located on the rear panel (Figure 1-2 in Section 1), provides 14 digital I/O lines (Figure B-1). Each output can be set high (+5V) or low (0V), read high or low logic levels, and can be set up for triggering. Make connections

sing a cable with a Male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-

u 126-1).

Figure B-1

Digital I/O

port terminals

DIGITAL I/O

1 = Digital I/O #1 2 = Digital I/O #2 3 = Digital I/O #3 4 = Digital I/O #4 5 = Digital I/O #5 6 = Digital I/O #6 7 = Digital I/O #7 8 = Digital I/O #8 9 = Digital I/O #9

10 = Digital I/O #10

11 = Digital I/O #11 12 = Digital I/O #12 13 = Digital I/O #13 14 = Digital I/O #14 15-21 = Ground 22 = +5V 23 = +5V 24 = Output Enable (OE); 2601/2602 24 = Interlock (INT); 2611/2612 25 = +5V

Controlling the Digital I/O port

From the front panel, select MENU > GENERAL > DIGOUT > DIG_IO_OUTPUT, then enter the decimal value to set I/O lines high or low (16,383 maximum). Commands for basic I/O are summarized in Table B-1. For example, to set all 14 lines high, send: digiowriteport(16383).

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-4 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Table B-1

Commands for basic I/O port

Command Description

digio.readbit(bit) digio.readport() digio.writebit(bit, data) digio.writeport(data)

Read one digital I/O input line. Read digital I/O port. Write data to one digital I/O output line. Write data to digital I/O port.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Frequently Asked Questions B-5

How do I trigger other instruments?

Reference Refer to “Triggering” in Section 4, “Remote digital I/O commands” in

Section 11, and Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for triggering and Digital I/O port command details.

Triggering a scanner

A typical test scenario might call for using the SourceMeter with a scanner to test a number of DUTs in sequence. A basic example that uses the Series 2600 Digital I/O port to trigger a scanner is shown in Figure B-2. In this case, line 1 of the I/O port is used as a trigger output and conn input, while line 2 of the I/O port is used as a trigger input.

Figure B-2

Triggering a scanner

ected to the scanner mainframe trigger

Series 2600 SourceMeter

Digital I/O Line 1

(Trigger Out)

Digital I/O Line 2

(Trigger In)

Programming triggering

A simple command sequence that sets up triggering is shown below. The first two commands set the output pulse width on line 1 and program line 2 for falling edge input triggers. The second two commands assert and then wait for a trigger on lines 1 and 2 respectively.

digio.trigger[1].pulsewidth = 1e-5--Set line 1 pulse width to 10μs.

digio.trigger[2].mode = digio

.TRIG_FALLING

digio.trigger[1].assert() --Assert trigger on line 1. digio.trigger[2].wait(timeout) --Wait for trigger on line 2.

Scanner Mainframe

Trigger In

Trigger Out

--Set line 2 mode to falling edge.

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-6 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I generate a service request?

Reference Refer to “Status byte and service request (SRQ)” and additional

information in Appendix D of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for status model and service request details.

Setting up a service request

The exact programming steps necessary to generate a GPIB service request (SRQ) will vary somewhat depending on the event(s) intended to generate the SRQ. In general, the steps used will be as follows:

• Clear all status registers to prevent anomalous events from generating an SRQ.

• Set bits in the appropriate operatio or transition register(s).

• Set the proper summary bit in the service one bit in this register must always be set, but the exact bit(s) to be set will depend on the desired SRQ event(s).

Service request programming example

n: questionable, measurement enable,

request enable register. At least

The example below shows how to program the SourceMeter to generate an SRQ when the current limit on Channel A is exceeded.

status.reset() --Clear all registers.

status.measurement.current_limit.enable = st

atus.measurement.current_limit.SMUA

status.measurement.enable = status.measurement.ILMT

status.request_enable = status.MSB --Enable status SRQ MSB.

Polling for SRQs

To determine if the SourceMeter is the GPIB device that generated the SRQ, simply serial poll the unit for the status byte, and test to see if the corresponding summary bit or bits are set. For example, the following commands request the status byte and prints the result:

status_byte = status.condition print(status_byte)

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

--Enable current limit bit in current limit register.

--Enable status measure current limit bit.

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Frequently Asked Questions B-7

How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory?

A Series 2600 SourceMeter has two non-volatile buffers for measured readings, source values, and timestamps: NV Buffer 1 (

nvbuffer2). Data stored in these buffers will not be lost when the Series 2600 is

( turned off.

Reference Refer to Section 7 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details

on the buffer (data store).

Front panel operation

Refer to “How do I use the buffer?” in Section 1 of this manual for details on storing data from the front panel of the Series 2600.

Remote programming

The following example demonstrates a typical way to use a reading buffer. The commands in the following steps will perform three SMU A voltage measurements, store them in

nvbuffer1, and then read the buffer:

nvbuffer1) and NV Buffer 2

Step 1: Clear and configure the buffer

The following command sequence will clear the buffer of all readings, and configure the buffer to store timestamps and source values:

smua.nvbuffer1.clear() smua.nvbuffer1.collecttimestamps = 1 smua.nvbuffer1.collectsourcevalues = 1

NOTE Setting collecttimestamps to 0 and collectsourcevalues

0 will disable the storage of timestamps and source

to values.

Step 2: Perform measurements

The following command sequence sets the measure count to three, turns on the output, performs the three measurements, and then turns off the output:

smua.measure.count = 3 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON smua.measure.v(smua.nvbuffer1) smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_OFF

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-8 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

The three measure readings, timestamps, and source values will be stored in the buffer.

Step 3: Read the buffer

The following code will output the three sets of data (nine values) in the same message:

rb1 = smua.nvbuffer1 printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1, rb1.timestamps, rb1.sourcevalues)

For the above printbuffer function, 1 is the starting index for values to output;

rb1.n is the ending index (n = the number of readings in the buffer, which in this

case is 3); timestamps; and

Example output:

1.234567e-03, 5.555555e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362360e-03,

8.888888e-02, 1.000000e+00, 2.362368e-03, 1.111111e-01,

1.000000e+00

The above output is returned in the following order:

reading1, timestamp1, sourcevalue1, reading2, timestamp2, sourcevalue2, r

eading3, timestamp3, sourcevalue3

Refer to Step 3 of “Ru reading the buffer.

rb1 includes the measured readings; rb1.timestamps includes the

rb1.sourcevalues includes the source values.

nning a factory script” in Section 3 for more examples on

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Frequently Asked Questions B-9

How do I stack channels to output higher voltage?

The maximum output voltage of a Model 2601 or 2602 channel is 40.4V, and the maximum output voltage of a Model 2611 or 2612 channel is 202V. Higher voltage can be output by stacking (con

Stacking channels requires that all SMU channels (except one) float off earth g

round. Figure B-3 shows two Model 2602s configured with the four channels connected in series to output up to 161.6 channels can be added (stacked), but the LO terminal of any SMU channel in the stack must never exceed 250V with respect to earth ground.

WARNING The maximum floating (common mode) voltage for a SMU is

0V. Exceeding this level may cause damage to the

±25 instrument and create a shock hazard.

necting in series) channels.

V (40.4V per channel). Additional

Whenever hazardous voltage (>30Vrms, must completely surround the DUT test circuit. When using a metal safety shield, it must be connected to a known safety earth ground and chassis ground.

Reference Re

fer to “Floating a SMU” in Section 3 of the Reference Manual for

details on floating SMU channels.

42Vpeak) will be output, a safety shield

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-10 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

Figure B-3

Stacking channels for higher voltage

Model 2602-2

Chan B

Chan A

Model 2602-1

Chan B

Chan A

Each Model 2602 chassis is connected to chassis earth ground through the power cord.

Chassis Earth Ground

40.4V Max



40.4V Max



161.6V

40.4V Max



40.4V Max



Max

Output low connected to chassis

Safety Shield

DUT

WARNING

Connect metal safety shield to Safety Earth Ground using #18 AWG or larger wire.

Note

On the Model 2602-1, connect Channel A LO to the Chassis at the rear panel.

LOs for the other channels must be isolated from Chassis.

Safety

Ear

Ground

NOTE Each stacked channel adds approximately 100μA of

common mode current that is seen by the channels below it. Therefore, in the example above, Model 2602-1 Chan A will measure approximately 100μA x 3 = 300μA higher than Model 2602-2 Chan B. Similarly, Model 2602-1 Chan B will measure approximately 100μA x 2 = 200μA higher than Model 2602-2 Chan B. The most accurate measurement of actual current flowing through the DUT will be obtained from Model 2602-2 Chan B.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Frequently Asked Questions B-11

How do I parallel channels to output higher current?

Reference Refer to Section 3 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for details

on SMU connections.

The maximum DC output current of a Model 260

1 or 2602 channel is as follows:

• 1.01A @ up to 40.4V

• 3.03A @ up to 6.06V

The maximum DC output current of a Model 261

1 or 2612 channel is as follows:

• 101mA @ up to 202V

• 1.515A @ up to 20.2V

Higher current can be output by connecting channels in parallel. Fig

ure B-4 shows

four channels of two Model 2602s or 2612s connected in parallel. Two Model

602s can output up to 4.04A at up to 40.4V and 12.12A at up to 6.06V, while two

2 Model 2612s can output up to 404mA at up to 202V and 6.06A at up to 20.2V. The current delivered to the DUT is the sum of currents output by the four SMU channels. More current can be output by connecting additional channels in parallel.

Figure B-4

Connecting channels in parallel for higher current

IT = I1 + I2 + I3 +14

DUT



Chan B



2602-1

2612-1

Chan A

I1 I2



Chan B



2602-2

2612-2

Chan A

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-12 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

How do I make contact check measurements?

Reference Refer to “Contact check measurements” in Section 4 and command

information in Section 12 of the Series 2600 Reference Manual for contact check details.

Contact check connections

The contact check function1 prevents measurement errors due to excessive resistance in the forc relay contacts on a switching card, or wires that are too long or thin. The contact check function will also detect an open circuit that may occur when a four-point probe is misplaced or misaligned. R

is the resistance of the mechanical contact at the DUT, and RS is the series

resistance of relays and cables.

Figure B-5

Contact check connections

KEITHLEY Series 2600

LO GLO HI G G G HI

e or sense leads caused by poor contact at the DUT, failing

Figure B-5 shows contact check connections.

CHANNEL A

S HI

Cable/Relay

Resistance

Contact

Resistance

DUT

S LO

1. All Model 2611/2612s manufactured by Keithley Instruments support the contact check function. Only Model 2601/2602s with firmware revision 1.1.0 or later and SMU hardware revision E or later support the contact check function. To determine the firmware and SMU hardware revisions, inspect the data returned by the print(localnode.info()) command. The InstFwRev and SMUBrdRev keys contain the necessary information.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual Frequently Asked Questions B-13

Contact check programming example

The command sequence for a typical contact measurement is shown below. These commands set the contact check speed to fast and the threshold to 10Ω. A contact check measurement against the threshold is then made. If it fails, a more accurate contact check measurement is made, and the test is aborted. Otherwise, the output is turned on, and the test continues.

smua.reset() --Restore defaults. smua.contact.speed = smua.CONTACT_FAST --Set speed to fast. smua.contact.threshold = 10 --Set threshold to 10Ω.

Check contacts against threshold.

if (not smua.contact.check()) then

--One/both contact resistances are not

--below the programmed threshold.

smua.contact.speed = smua.CONTACT_SLOW

rhi, rlo = smua.contact.r() print(rhi, rlo) exit()

end smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON --Turn on output and continue.

Set speed to slow.

-Get resistance readings.

-Return contact resistances to the host.

-Terminate execution.

Return to In this Appendix: 2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006

B-14 Frequently Asked Questions Series 2600 System SourceMeters User’s Manual

This page left blank intentionally.

2600S-900-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to In this Appendix:

Keithley Keithley Instruments 2636B-US Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

WARRANTY

Manual Print History

Safety Precautions

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations

List of Tables

Safety symbols and terms

Front and rear panel familiarization

What are the source-measure capabilities?

How do I power-up the instrument?

How do I make measurements?

How do I use the buffer?

How do I use the remote interface?

How do I use Test Script Builder?

How do I use TSB to make measurements?

How do I use other programs?

What is a script?

How do I run a script from the front panel?

How do I interact with scripts using Test Script Builder?

How do I use other programs?

How do I set up the TSP-Link system?

How do I use the expanded system?

How do I optimize performance?

How do I use the Digital I/O port?

How do I trigger other instruments?

How do I generate a service request?

How do I store measurements in non-volatile memory?

How do I stack channels to output higher voltage?

How do I parallel channels to output higher current?

How do I make contact check measurements?