Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter
User’s Manual
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE
Test Equipment Depot - 800.517.8431 - 99 Washington Street Melrose, MA 02176 - TestEquipmentDepot.com
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of
one (1) year from date of shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90
software, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, Keithley Instruments will, at its option, either rep
to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley Instruments representative, or contact
Keithley Instruments headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assis
Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs will be made and the product
returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original
warranty period, or at least 90 days.
days from the date of shipment: probes, cables,
air or replace any product that proves
tance and return instructions.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley Instruments’ express
written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software,
non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or
instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY
IMPLIED W
PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE, EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. HAS BEEN ADVISED IN
ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT
ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COST OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF
INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
ARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES
problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow
SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY
A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E
3/07
Model 2100
6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter
User’s Manual
©2007, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Document Number:
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Manual Print History Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Manual Print History
The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this
manual. The Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent
updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change information that
the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a
new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are
incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this
print history page.
Revision A (Document Number 2100-900-01) .........................................................June 2007
Revision B (Document Number 2100-900-01) ...................
....................................... July 2007
All Keithley Instruments product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some
instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may
be present.
Safety Precautions
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recog
to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the product. Refer
to the user documentation for complete product specifications.
If the product is used in a manner not specified
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the
operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use
They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine proce
replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the user documentation. The procedures explicitly state if the
operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to
personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that a
Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and
data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient
over-voltages. Measurement Category II connections require protection for high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC
mains connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise
marked or described in the user documentation.
the produ
individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is
ct for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument.
work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only properly trained service
, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired.
dures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line voltage or
nize sho
ck hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required
re rated Measurement Category I and Measurement
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is prese
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak,
or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Operators of this product must be protected from ele
prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact.
Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of
operating at or above 1000V, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. T
connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current
and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is con
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
nt. Letha
ctric shock at
l voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are
hey are intended to be used with impedance-limited sources. NEVER
nected to a
properly-grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
06/07
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power
!
disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments w
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers,
installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common
make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in ac
equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments a
and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circu
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the us
interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground us
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the user documentaion.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000V or more, includi
common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.
cordance with its specifications and operating instructions, or the safety of the
nd accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information,
ing the wire recommended in the user documentation.
side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always
continued protection against fire hazard.
hile power is applied to the circuit under test.
its, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
e of a lid
ng the combined effect of normal and
The symbol on an instrument shows that the
The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.
If this symbol is on a product , it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please note that the lamp must be properly
disposed of according to federal, state, a
The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the
associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading
warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement compon
and input jacks - must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses with applicable national safety approvals may be used if
the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety-related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they
are equivalent to the original component (note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain
accuracy and functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments
office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water-based clea
directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis
(e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the
board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
in the user documentation explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the
nd local laws.
surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.
ents in mai
ner. Cle
ns circuits - including the power transformer, test leads,
an the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner
Table of Contents
Section Topic Page
1 General Information .............................................................................. 1-1
Introduction .........
Feature overview ..........
Specifications..........
Manual addenda........
Precautions for operation........
Upkeep of the Model 2100.........
Safety information.........
Safety symbols and terms.........
Inspection for damage ........
Shipment contents ........
Instruction manual ........
Repacking for shipment..........
2 Getting Started ....................................................................................... 2-1
Overview..........
Setting up the Model 2100 Digital Multimeter.........
Adjusting the handle.........
Setting the line voltage........
Connecting the power .........
Changing the fuses .............................................................................. 2-9
Factory default settings ..........
Model 2100 familiarization.........
The front panel .......
The display ........................................................................................ 2-21
The rear panel........
3 Basic Measurement Functions........................................................... 3-1
Introduction .........
Voltage measurements (DC and AC) ........
How to measure voltage.........
Current measurements (DC and AC) ........
How to measure current.........
Resistance measurements (2- and 4-wire) ..........
How to measure resistance.......
Frequency and period measurements.......
How to measure frequency and period .........
Continuity measurements..........
How to measure the continuity.........
Diode measurements.......
How to measure a diode ........
RTD measurements.........
2-wire RTD measurements .......
3-wire RTD measurements .......
4-wire RTD measurements .......
........................................................................................ 1-2
.............................................................................. 1-2
.................................................................................... 1-3
................................................................................. 1-3
.................................................................... 1-3
................................................................. 1-3
.............................................................................. 1-4
........................................................... 1-4
........................................................................ 1-4
.............................................................................. 1-5
.............................................................................. 1-5
.................................................................... 1-5
........................................................................................... 2-2
.................................... 2-2
.................................................................... 2-2
................................................................. 2-4
................................................................. 2-7
............................................................ 2-18
............................................................... 2-19
............................................................................ 2-19
............................................................................ 2-23
........................................................................................ 3-2
................................................. 3-2
.............................................................. 3-3
................................................. 3-3
.............................................................. 3-3
....................................... 3-4
........................................................... 3-6
................................................. 3-6
....................................... 3-6
................................................................. 3-7
.................................................... 3-7
........................................................................... 3-7
.............................................................. 3-8
........................................................................... 3-8
........................................................... 3-8
........................................................... 3-9
......................................................... 3-10
Table of Contents Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Section Topic Page
4 Front Panel Operations ........................................................................ 4-1
Introduction .........
Measurement configuration ..........
Set ADC (Auto Zero and Au
Filter ..................................................................................................... 4-4
Resolution setting (digit
DC input resistance ..........
Threshold resistance (continuity).........
Range (manual and auto)..................................................................... 4-9
Rate (integration time).........
Sensor selection for temperature........
Measurements........
RTD .................................................................................................... 4-11
Input terminal switch.........
Trigger operations.........
Trigger mode ..........
Trigger source ........
Trigger setting.........
Math operations .........
Ratio ................................................................................................... 4-20
Percent) ........................................................................................ 4-21
% (
MIN/MAX .........
Null ..................................................................................................... 4-23
Lim
its test ........................................................................................... 4-24
MX+B.................................................................................................. 4-25
dB .
...................................................................................................... 4-26
dB
m .................................................................................................... 4-27
Other system-related operations.........
Display................................................................................................ 4-29
eper................................................................................................ 4-30
Be
Rea
ding memory (store and recall) .................................................... 4-31
Sensitivity band (Hold) ........
Initial mode ..........
Language ........................................................................................... 4-35
Error condition ........
Firmware revision .........
Calibration ......................................................................................... 4-40
5 Remote Interface Operations.............................................................. 5-1
Introduction .........
Pass/fail output from the USB connector .........
Setting up the remote interface........
Remote interface commands ........
Common commands ........
Other measurement configuration commands .......
Math operation commands........
Triggering .........
Triggering commands..........
System-related commands ........
Status reporting commands.......
Other interface commands........
6 Error Messages ...................................................................................... 6-1
Introduction .........
Execution errors.........
........................................................................................ 4-2
.............................................................. 4-2
to Gain) .................................................... 4-2
s) ..................................................................... 4-6
.................................................................... 4-7
................................................. 4-8
............................................................... 4-10
...................................................... 4-11
............................................................................ 4-11
.................................................................. 4-13
............................................................................ 4-14
............................................................................ 4-14
............................................................................ 4-16
............................................................................ 4-16
............................................................................... 4-19
................................................................................... 4-22
...................................................... 4-29
............................................................... 4-33
............................................................................... 4-34
............................................................................ 4-35
...................................................................... 4-36
........................................................................................ 5-2
.................................... 5-2
........................................................... 5-2
.............................................................. 5-3
.................................................................... 5-3
.............................. 5-7
........................................................... 5-7
........................................................................................... 5-8
................................................................. 5-8
................................................................. 5-9
........................................................... 5-9
......................................................... 5-10
........................................................................................ 6-2
................................................................................. 6-2
ii 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Table of Contents
Appendix Topic Page
A Specifications ......................................................................................... A-1
B Remote Interface Reference................................................................ B-1
An introduction to SCPI language.......
Command format used in this manual.......
SCPI parameter types .........
Output data formats..........
The MEASure? command .................................................................... B-6
The CONFigure command ........
The measurement configuration command.........
The math operation command ........................................................... B-14
The triggering commands.......
The system-related commands ........
Other interface commands................................................................. B-20
Status reporting commands.......
Model 2100-specific SCPI compliance information..........
IEEE-488 compliance information ..........
About application programs ..........
Visual Basic 6 programming example 1: MEASure.bas.........
Visual Basic programming example 2: CONFigure..........
Visual C++ programming example: DEVQUERY............................... B-29
.................................................................... B-5
Index ........................................................................................................................... I-1
........................................................ B-2
........................................... B-2
................................................................. B-4
........................................................... B-7
................................. B-9
............................................................ B-17
.................................................. B-18
......................................................... B-20
.................. B-22
............................................ B-24
............................................................ B-24
............ B-24
.................. B-27
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 iii
Table of Contents Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
This page left blank intentionally.
iv 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
List of Figures
Section Figure Title Page
1 Figure 1-1 The Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter............. 1-2
2 Figure
Figure 2-2 Removing the handle from the multimeter .........
Figure 2-3 Default handle position.......
Figure 2-4 Operation handle position .........
Figure 2-5 Carrying position ..........
Figure 2-6 Disconnecting AC power.......
Figure 2-7 Opening the voltage setting selector.........
Figure 2-8 Removing the red voltage selector fuse holder.........
Figure 2-9 Inserting the voltage selector ..........
Figure 2-10 Powering-off the multimeter .........
Figure 2-11 Plugging in the power cord........
Figure 2-12 Switching on the power .........
Figure 2-13 Disconnecting the AC power........
Figure 2-14 Opening the voltage setting selector.........
Figure 2-15 Removing the red voltage setting selector .........
Figure 2-16 Removing the damaged power line fuse.........
Figure 2-17 Replacing the fuse ..........
Figure 2-18 Reinserting the voltage selector.........
Figure 2-19 Current protection using 3A and 7A current input fuses in series 2-13
Figure 2-20 Disconnecting the AC power........
Figure 2-21 Releasing the current input terminal fuse holder..........
Figure 2-22 Removing the current input terminal fuse holder .........
Figure 2-23 Removing and replacing the damaged fuse.......
Figure 2-24 Reinserting and securing the current input terminal fuse holder.. 2-16
Figure 2-25 Disconnecting the AC power........
Figure 2-26 Releasing the 7A current input fuse holder on the rear panel...... 2-17
re 2-27 Removing the 7A current input terminal fuse holder.......
Figu
Figure 2-28 Removing and replacing the damaged fuse.......
Figure 2-29 Reinserting and securing 7A current input terminal fuse holder .. 2-18
Figure 2-30 Front panel keys and terminals .......
Figure 2-31 The display .........
Figure 2-32 Annunciators at the top .........
Figure 2-33 Annunciators on the right ..........
Figure 2-34 The rear panel .......
2-1 Moving the handle to an upright position ....................................... 2-2
............................ 2-3
............................................................ 2-3
..................................................... 2-4
.................................................................. 2-4
......................................................... 2-5
..................................... 2-5
..................... 2-6
............................................... 2-7
.................................................. 2-7
..................................................... 2-8
......................................................... 2-8
................................................ 2-10
................................... 2-10
.......................... 2-11
............................. 2-11
............................................................. 2-12
.......................................... 2-12
................................................ 2-14
................ 2-14
................ 2-15
.......................... 2-15
................................................ 2-16
............. 2-17
.......................... 2-18
............................................. 2-20
.......................................................................... 2-22
....................................................... 2-22
................................................... 2-23
....................................................................... 2-23
List of Figures Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Section Figure Title Page
3 Figure 3-1 Model 2100 DC connections.......................................................... 3-2
Figure 3-2 Model 2100 AC connections.........
Figure 3-3 Model 2100 rear panel input terminals..........
Figure 3-4 Model 2100 current measurement (front panel).........
Figure 3-5 Model 2100 current measurement ..........
Figure 3-6 Model 2100 2-wire resistance ..........
Figure 3-7 Model 2100 4-wire resistance ..........
Figure 3-8 Model 2100 rear panel 2-wire resistance measurement .........
Figure 3-9 Model 2100 rear panel 4-wire resistance measurement .........
Figure 3-10 Model 2100 2-wire resistance / continuity........
Figure 3-11 Model 2100 general purpose diode ........
Figure 3-12 Theory diagram of 2-wire RTD measurement.........
Figure 3-13 Theory diagram of 3-wire RTD measurement.........
Figure 3-14 Theory diagram of 4-wire RTD measurement.........
................................................. 3-2
................................. 3-3
.................... 3-4
....................................... 3-4
.............................................. 3-5
.............................................. 3-5
....... 3-5
....... 3-6
.............................. 3-7
....................................... 3-8
....................... 3-9
....................... 3-9
..................... 3-10
4 Figure 4-1 Setting Auto Zero and Auto
Figure 4-2 Setting the AC Filter using the front panel .......
Figure 4-3 Front panel resolution .........
Figure 4-4 Front panel DCV ........
Figure 4-5 Front panel threshold resistance.........
Figure 4-6 Front panel auto-range .......
Figure 4-7 Front panel input switch terminals ..........
Figure 4-8 Trigger operation flow chart ..........
Figure 4-9 Toggle auto triggering on and off ........
Figure 4-10 Single trigger.......
Figure 4-11 Trig submenu .........
Figure 4-12 Reading hold.......
Figure 4-13 Setting delay time from the front panel .........
Figure 4-14 Making a Ratio measurement from the front panel.......
Figure 4-15 Making a percent measurement from the front panel ..........
Figure 4-16 Using MIN/MAX from the front panel .........
Figure 4-17 Using the NULL function from the front panel.........
Figure 4-18 Configuring the Limits function from the front panel ........
Figure 4-19 Making a limits test from the front panel .......
Figure 4-20 Using the MX+B function from the front panel ........
Figure 4-21 Setting the relative reference value ........
Figure 4-22 Making a dB measurement from the front panel........
Figure 4-23 Setting the refere
Figure 4-24 Making a dBm measurement from the front panel........
Figure 4-25 The Model 2100 dot-matrix display screen..........
Figure 4-26 Controlling the display from the front pa
Figure 4-27 Controlling the beeper from the front panel .....
Figure 4-28 Storing readings from the front panel.........
Figure 4-29 Recalling readings from the front p
Figure 4-30 Adjusting the sensitivity band from the front panel .......
Figure 4-31 Saving or restoring default settings.........
Figure 4-32 Selecting a language .......
Figure 4-33 Checking the error queue ..........
Figure 4-34 Checking the firmware revision........
Figure 4-35 Installing the Model 2100 firmwa
Figure 4-36 The Open dialog box........
Figure 4-37 Model 2100 firmware upgrade in progress ..........
Figure 4-38 Restart device to complete update message..........
Figure 4-39 Viewing calibration information ........
.................................................................... 4-8
......................................................................... 4-16
...................................................................... 4-17
......................................................................... 4-18
nce resistance from the front panel .................. 4-28
Gain from the front panel................... 4-3
.............................. 4-5
........................................................... 4-7
........................................... 4-9
......................................................... 4-10
..................................... 4-13
............................................... 4-14
......................................... 4-15
............................... 4-19
............... 4-20
........ 4-21
.................................. 4-22
..................... 4-23
............ 4-24
............................... 4-25
..................... 4-26
..................................... 4-27
.................. 4-27
............... 4-29
........................ 4-29
nel ................................. 4-30
............................ 4-31
.................................. 4-32
anel ....................................... 4-33
............... 4-34
..................................... 4-35
............................................................ 4-35
.................................................. 4-36
............................................ 4-37
re update ................................. 4-37
............................................................ 4-38
........................ 4-38
..................... 4-39
............................................ 4-40
vi 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
List of Tables
Section Table Title Page
2 Table 2-1
Table 2-2 Factory default ............................................................................. 2-18
4 Table 4-1 Relationship of resolution to Auto Gain .....
Table 4-2 AC filters default settings........
Table 4-3 Default factors........
Table 4-4 Default measurements........
Table 4-5 Valid values of Save Data..........
5 Table 5-1 USB connector pin out and designations......
6 Table 6-1 Execution error codes......
Available voltage setting selectors for local line power requirements 2-6
.................................... 4-3
....................................................... 4-4
...................................................................... 4-11
......................................................... 4-18
.................................................. 4-34
.............................................................. 6-2
................................. 5-2
List of Tables Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
This page left blank intentionally.
viii 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
In this section:
Top ic Pa ge
Introduction ......................................................................................... 1-2
Feature overview ................................................................................ 1-2
Specifications ...................................................................................... 1-3
Manual addenda ................................................................................. 1-3
Precautions for operation .................................................................... 1-3
Upkeep of the Model 2100 .................................................................. 1-3
Safety information ............................................................................... 1-4
Inspection for damage ........................................................................ 1-4
Shipment contents .............................................................................. 1-5
Instruction manual............................................................................... 1-5
Repacking for shipment ...................................................................... 1-5
Section 1
General Information
Safety symbols and terms ............................................................ 1-4
Section 1: General Information Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Introduction
This section contains general information about the Keithley Instruments Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit
Resolution Digital Multimeter. The information is organized as follows:
• Feature overview
• Manual addenda
• Precautions for operation
• Upkeep of the Model 2100
• Safety information
• Inspection for damage
• Shipment contents
• Instruction manual
• Repacking for shipment
Feature overview
Figure 1-1
The Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter
The Keithley Instruments Model 2100 is a rugged and versatile 6 1/2-digit resolution digital
multimeter
basic resistance accuracy at 10kΩ range. At 6 1/2 digits, the multimeter delivers 50 triggered
RDGS/sec via the USB remote interface. At the fast 4 1/2-digit setting, it reads over 2000 RDGS/
sec into its internal buffer.
• Resolution: 6 1/2 digits
• 5x7 dot-matrix VFD, dual displays with 3-color annunciators
• Eleven standard measurement functions an
• Stability, accuracy, and speed
• Built-in USB interfaces
• DC voltage: 0.1V, 1V, 10V, 100V, and 1000V
• AC voltage: 0.1V, 1V, 10V, 100V, and 750V
• DC current: 10mA, 100mA, 1A, and 3A
• AC current: 1A, and 3A
• Two and 4-wire resistance: 100Ω, 1KΩ, 10
. It has 0.003% one-year basic DC voltage accuracy at 10V range and 0.005% one-year
d eight ma
KΩ, 100KΩ, 1MΩ, 10MΩ, a
th functions
nd 100MΩ
1-2 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Section 1: General Information
• Frequency: From 3Hz to 300kHz
• Period measurement
• Diode measurement
• Continuity measurement for resistance
Some additional capabilities of the Model 2100 include:
• Temperature measurement using RTDs
• Full math functions: dB, dBm, MX+B, ratio, percentage, Max/Min, null, and limits
• TMC compliant USB remote control interface for PC control
•Microsoft
measured values from these applications
®
Office Word, and Excel add-in tools for remotely storing and recalling the
Specifications
Refer to Appendix A of this manual for complete Model 2100 specifications.
Manual addenda
Any improvements or changes concerning the Model 2100 or manual will be explained in an
addendum included with the manual. Be sure to note these changes and incorporate them into the
manual.
Precautions for operation
• Please carefully read the manual before operating this device.
• This manual is for reference only. Please consult your local service representative for
further ass
• The contents of this manual may be amended by the manufacturer without notice.
• Never allow unauthorized personnel to dismantle the equipment, or equipment may be
amaged.
d
•
The equipment has been strictly tested for quality before delivery from our factory.
• Do not use the meter around explosive ga
• The patent and related documents for the equipment belong
and may not be used by others without permission.
istance.
Upkeep of the Model 2100
• Although the Model 2100 multimeter is very durable and weather resistant, care should be
taken not to expose it to severe impacts or forces.
• Keep the Model 2100 away from water and damp environments.
• Calibration should be performed every year. Please contact your local service
epresent
r
• If an incorrect display or abnormal beeps occur, you should stop using the equipment at
ce an
on
• Wipe the surface of the Model 2100 multimeter with a dr
clean any residue from the enclosure.
ative for more information.
d contact your local service representative.
s or flamma
ble vapors.
to Keithley Instruments, Inc.
y or
damp clean cloth to dust and
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 Return to Section Topics 1-3
Section 1: General Information Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
!
Safety information
WARNING To avoid possible electric shock, personal injury, or death, please read and
follow these guidelines carefully:
• Follow the guidelines in this manual and DO NOT use the meter if the case is
damaged. Check the meter case and terminals, and make sure all the devices
are in the proper positions.
• Do not apply excessive voltage to the multimeter. Apply voltage within the
rated range only.
• Use caution when measuring voltages above 30V RMS, 42V peak, or 60V DC.
Higher voltages pose an electric shock hazard.
• When using the probes, always keep your fingers behind the finger guards.
• Always connect the common test leads (black) before connecting the live test
leads (red), and disconnect the live test leads (red) before disconnecting the
common test leads (black). This will reduce the chance of an electric shock.
• Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before
testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance.
• Repairs must only be performed by qualified service personnel.
• When replacing fuses, use only the same type and same rating as specified.
Make sure the unit is disconnected from AC power and any external signals
first.
• Do not try to operate the meter if it is damaged. Disconnect the power from the
equipment and consult your local service representative. Return the product
to a Keithley Instruments service facility if necessary.
Safety symbols and terms
The following symbols and terms may be found on the Model 2100 or used in this manual.
The symbol indicates that the user should refer to the opera
manual.
The
symbol shows that high voltage may be present on the terminal(s). Use standard safety
precautions to avoid personal contac
Inspection for damage
The Model 2100 was carefully inspected electrically and mechanically before shipment. After
unpacking all items from the shipping carton, check for any obvious signs of physical damage that
may have occurred during transit. Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately. Save the
original packing carton for possible future shipment.
ting instructions located in the
t with these voltages.
1-4 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Section 1: General Information
Shipment contents
The following items are included with every Model 2100 order:
• One Model 2100 Multimeter unit (112mm/4.4in (H) x 256
4.1Kg/9lbs)
• One power line cord
• One USB cable
• Standard safety test leads
• One CD-ROM (including this electronic User's Manual and software applications)
Instruction manual
A CD-ROM containing this User’s Manual and required software and drivers is included with each
Model 2100 order.
Repacking for shipment
Should it become necessary to return the Model 2100 for repair, carefully pack the unit in its
original packing carton or the equivalent, and follow these instructions:
• Call the Repair Department at 1-888-KEITHLEY (1-888-534-8453) for a Return Material
Authorizat
• Advise as to the warranty status of the Model 2100.
• Write ATTENTION REPAIR DEPARTMENT and th
ion (RMA) number.
mm/10.1in (W) x 375/14.75in (D),
e RMA n
umber on the shipping label.
Complete and include the Service Form lo
cated at the back of this manual.
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 Return to Section Topics 1-5
Section 1: General Information Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
This page left blank intentionally.
1-6 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
In this section:
Top ic Pa ge
Overview ............................................................................................. 2-2
Setting up the Model 2100 Digital Multimeter ..................................... 2-2
Model 2100 familiarization .................................................................. 2-19
Section 2
Getting Started
Adjusting the handle ..................................................................... 2-2
Setting the line voltage ................................................................. 2-4
Connecting the power................................................................... 2-7
Changing the fuses....................................................................... 2-9
Factory default settings ................................................................ 2-18
The front panel.............................................................................. 2-19
The display ................................................................................... 2-21
The rear panel .............................................................................. 2-23
Section 2: Getting Started Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Overview
This section will give you an overview of the Keithley Instruments Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit
Resolution Multimeter’s basic features and guide you through the basics of the Model 2100.
Setting up the Model 2100 Digital Multimeter
The purpose of this section is to prepare you to use the Model 2100 Digital Multimeter (DMM). You
should check whether you have all the parts needed to operate your multimeter. All Keithley
Instruments products are handled and inspected professionally before shipping out to our
customers. If you find any damaged or missing parts, please contact your local service
representative immediately. Do not attempt to operate a damaged product; if you have any doubt
about the condition of your Model 2100, please contact your local service representative.
Adjusting the handle
You may adjust the carrying handle to suit your needs. Figures 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5 show
you how to adjust the handle.
Removing the handle
Step 1: Move the handle to an upright position.
Pull slightly outward on both sides of the handle, an
Figure 2-1
Moving the handle to an upright position
d slowly rotate it up as shown in Figure 2-1.
Step 2:
When
(refer
2-2 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Remove the handle
the handle is turned up to a 90° angle with the multimeter, pull it away from the multimeter
to Figure 2-2).
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Section 2: Getting Started
FILTER
NEXT
PREV
DIGITS
RATIO
%
MIN/MAX
NULL
ESC
ENTER
AUTO
SINGLE
TRIGGER
STORE
RECALL
LOCAL
SHIFT
CONFIG
MENU
AUTO
DCV
ACV
22
FREQ
CONT
TEMP
4 WIRE
RATIO
V
INPUT
PEAK
200V
PEAK
HI
LO
PEAK
500V
3A
RMS
INPUTS
3A250V
FRONT/REAR
AMPS
R
1000V
REF
CAT 1000V
CAT 600V
LOCK
SETUP
ACV
22
FUNCTION
DCI ACI
4
PERIOD
LIMITS MX+B
dB
EXTRIG HOLD
MATH
TRIGGER MEMORY
dBm
RANGE
DISPLAY
NEXT
PREV
POWER
OFF
ON
SENSE
F
Figure 2-2
Removing the handle from the multimeter
Adjusting the handle position
You can adjust the Model 2100’s handle to suit your needs:
Position 1: Default
The default position is used for packing the Model 2100 (refer to Figur
Figure 2-3
Default handle position
Position 2: Operating
The adjusted handle position shown in Figur
e 2-4 is for multimeter operation.
e 2-3).
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 Return to Section Topics 2-3
Section 2: Getting Started Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Figure 2-4
Operation handle position
Position 3: Carrying
The carrying position is shown in Figure 2-
Figure 2-5
Carrying position
Setting the line voltage
WARNING Before changing the setting, ensure that the multimeter is disconnected from
the AC power.
Step 1: Disconnect AC
Verify that the meter is disconnected from AC power as shown in Figure 2
5.
power
-6.
2-4 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Section 2: Getting Started
Figure 2-6
Disconnecting AC power
Step 2: Open the voltage setting selector
Open the voltage setting selector cap as shown in Figur
required).
Figure 2-7
Opening the voltage setting selector
e 2-7 (a flat blade screwdriver may be
Step 3: Remove the red voltage setting selector
igur
Remove the red voltage selector fuse holder from the right middle seam as shown in F
e 2-8 (a
flat blade screwdriver may be required).
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 Return to Section Topics 2-5
Section 2: Getting Started Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Figure 2-8
Removing the red voltage selector fuse holder
Step 4: Change the voltage setting
Turn the voltage setting to the correct setting.
NOTE To accommodate differing local area power requirements, Keithley Instruments has three
available models of voltage setting selectors for the Model 2100 (each with two voltage
settings). The voltage setting selector included with your Model 2100 should have the
appropriate voltage settings for your area's line power requirements. If you do not have
the correct voltage setting selector, please contact your local Keithley Instruments
representative to request the correct model (see Table 2-1, below).
Table 2-1
Available voltage setting selectors for local line power requirements
Model number Voltage select options Voltage set to:
2100/120 120/240 120
2100/230-240 120/240 240
2100/220 120/220 220
Step 5: Insert the voltage selector
the
Insert the voltage setting selector back into
socket and close the cap as shown in Figure 2-9.
2-6 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Section 2: Getting Started
2
V
2
Figure 2-9
Inserting the voltage selector
Connecting the power
Power-off the multimeter
Ensure that the power switch on the front panel is in the "POWER
the Model 2100 in (refer to Figure 2-10).
Figure 2-10
Powering-off the multimeter
DCI ACI
PREV
DCV
ACV
DISPLAY
NEXT
OFF
ON
POWER
Plug-in the power cord
After finishing the above procedures, you can plug-in
ACV
FILTER
DIGITS
EXTRIG HOLD
AUTO
SINGLE
TRIGGER
TRIGGER MEMORY
FUNCTION
4
PERIOD
2
2
FREQ
LIMITS MX+B
RATIO
%
RECALL
STORE
MATH
CONT
dBm
MIN/MAX
LOCAL
TEMP
dB
NULL
SHIFT
OFF" position before plugging
CAT 1000V
CAT 600V
4 WIRE
RATIO
REF
INPUTS
LO
RMS
INPUT
HI
1000V
PEAK
3A
500V
PEAK
R
3A 250V
AMPS
PREV
LOCK
ESC
CONFIG
SETUP
NEXT
ENTER
MENU
RANGE
AUTO
PEAK
200V
F
SENSE
FRONT/REAR
your power cord as shown in Figure 2-11.
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 Return to Section Topics 2-7
Section 2: Getting Started Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
FILTER
NEXT
PREV
DIGITS
RATIO
%
MIN/MAX
NULL
ESC
ENTER
AUTO
SINGLE
TRIGGER
STORE
RECALL
LOCAL
SHIFT
CONFIG
MENU
AUTO
DCV
ACV
22
FREQ
CONT
TEMP
4 WIRE
RATIO
V
INPUT
PEAK
200V
PEAK
HI
LO
PEAK
500V
3A
RMS
INPUTS
3A 250V
FRONT/REAR
AMPS
R
1000V
REF
CAT 1000V
CAT 600V
LOCK
SETUP
ACV
22
FUNCTION
DCI ACI
4
PERIOD
LIMITS MX+B
dB
EXTRIG HOLD
MATH
TRIGGER MEMORY
dBm
RANGE
DISPLAY
NEXT
PREV
POWER
OFF
ON
SENSE
F
Figure 2-11
Plugging in the power cord
Switch the power on
Press the power switch on the front panel to activate the Model 2100 as shown in Fig
ure 2-12.
Figure 2-12
Switching on the power
Check the power-line voltage on the rear panel to see if the voltage setting is correct for your area.
Change the setting
if it is not correct by following the steps in “Setting the line voltage” later in this
section.
2-8 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007
Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual Section 2: Getting Started
WARNING Before connecting power to the Model 2100, ensure that the fuse is intact.
Refer to “Changing the fuses” later in this section if the fuse is open/blown.
WARNING The main power input voltage to the unit must be selected correctly according
to the local installation’s power supply. Check the voltage indication window
on the power module at the back of the unit to verify the voltage setting is
correctly set. If the voltage is not correctly set, refer to “Setting the line
voltage” below.
WARNING The power cord supplied with the Model 2100 contains a separate ground wire
for use with grounded outlets. When proper connections are made, the
instrument chassis is connected to power line ground through the ground
wire in the power cord. Failure to use a grounded outlet may result in personal
injury or death due to electric shock.
Changing the fuses
WARNING Before replacing the power-line fuse or current input fuses, verify that the
multimeter is disconnected from AC power. You must be qualified personnel
to perform this action.
CAUTION For continued protection against fire or instrument damage, only replace the
fuses with the same type and rating. If the instrument repeatedly blows fuses,
have the unit serviced at an authorized repair facility.
Power line fuse
A power-line fuse located next to the AC receptacle (in the voltage setting selector) protects the
power line input of the instrument. Verify that the power-line fuse is good and replace it with a new
one if it is damaged. The Model 2100 is shipped from the factory with a 0.25A/250V, 5×20mm
slow-blow glass fuse installed (Keithley Instruments part number FU-96-4). This is the correct fuse
type for all line voltage settings; use only this type of replacement fuse.
To change the power line fuse:
Step 1: Disconnect the AC power
Verify that the meter is disconnected from AC power as shown in Figur
e 2-13.
2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007 Return to Section Topics 2-9
Section 2: Getting Started Model 2100 6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual
Figure 2-13
Disconnecting the AC power
Step 2: Open the voltage setting selector
Open the voltage setting selector cap as shown in Figu
so).
Figure 2-14
Opening the voltage setting selector
re 2-14 (you will need a screwdriver to do
Step 3: Remove the red voltage setting selector
ur
Remove the red voltage setting selector from the right middle seam as shown in Fig
e 2-15 (you
might need a screwdriver to do so).
2-10 Return to Section Topics 2100-900-01 Rev. B / July 2007