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Keithley
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Chrom-1 AT
Service manual
48 pgs1.9 Mb0

Keithley Chrom-1 AT, Chrom-1 Service manual

CHROM-1 AND
CHROM-1 AT
Keithley MetraByte Corporation
A Subsidiary of Keithle
440 Myles tandish Boulevard Taunton, Massachusetts 02780
Instruments, Inc.
z
CROM-1 MANUAL
Table of Contents
Section 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1 .I CROM-1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
1.2 CROM-1 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
Section 2 INSTALLATION
2.1 SACKING UP THE DISK
2.2 HARDWARE INSTALLATION
Section 3 CROM-1 HARDWARE
3.1 I/O ADDRESS MAP & REGISTER DATA FORMAT
3.2 CONNECTING UP CROM-1
Section 4 PROGRAMMING
4.1 PROGRAMMING CROM-1
4.2 LOADING THE MACHINE LANGUAGE CALL ROUTINE “CROM.BIN”
4.3 STRUCTURE OF THE CALL STATEMENT
4.4 INTERRUPTS
4.5 INITIALIZATION
4.6 FIFO BUFFER OPERATION
4.7 ERROR CODES
4.8 ZEROING AND CALIBRATION
4.9 EXAMPLE BASIC PROGRAMS
4.10 COMPILING A BASIC PROGRAM
4.11 MULTIPLE CROM-l’s IN ONE SYSTEM
4.12 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRANMING
Section 5 CALIBRATION
5.1 CALIBRATION
5.2 USER REPLACEABLE PARTS
Section 6 SPECIFICATIONS
7 10
12 12
13 15 17 19 19 20
21 21 22 23
24
25 25
25
27
6.1 ELECTRICAL 27
6.2 DIGITAL INPUTS
6.3 RELAY OUTPUTS 28
6.4 MECHANICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL 29
Appendix A USING CROW-EXE
A.1 CROM.EXE DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION A.2 RECOMPILING CROM.EXE
i -
28
30
30
34
CROM-1 MANUAL
Appendix B AND-9513 COUNTER DESCRIPTION
B-1 INTRODUCTORY 9513 DESCRIPTION & PROGRAMMING SEQUENCE B-2 MASTER MODE REGISTER B.3 COUNTER MODE REGISTERS
35 35
39
41
- ii -
CROM-1 MANUAL INTRODUCTION
Section 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 CROM-1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
A/D board
uses a voltage to frequency (V/F)
precision
MetraByte’s CRON-1
voltage
measurement converter and counter to obtain very accuracy.
The board functions as a true electronic chromatograph
for
high resolution and integral
chromatography
integrator. The V/F converter has a scaling of approximately 100,000 countslsec. of 0.005% Cl part in 20,000).
tlv are
software selectable and the
for a full scale input and a typical integral linearity
The input ranges of +lOv, +5v, +2v and
input is
f Loating, completely
isolated from the computer through the use of optical isolators.
Also through software, 2 inputs as
well
calibration reference.
full
drifts.
scale
calibration of the V/F to eliminate temperature and time
A block diagram is shown below in Fig. 1.1
the V/F converter can be snitched to either of
as a ground (zeroing) reference and a +1 .oooov
This provides a means of performing zero and
0.I YLEcl.W wlrr”
cow 8 ‘I’ -I- 7 ’
c-~--i-i---o ____ Tie,.m.m.~+-~
L------ ___------------ ---
T
I ;
6 3
l--d-J
and
Fig. 1.1
CRON-1 Block Diagram
- 1 -
INTRODUCTION
CRON-1 MANUAL
The CRON-1 includes a complex counter device,~ Advanced Micro Devices AND-9513,
which contains five 16 bit counters.
Counters 1 and 2 are cascaded to form a 32 bit counter that accumulates the pulses from the V/F.
When running at lOOKHz,
a 32 bit counter will accumulate pulses for almost 12 hours before overflowing. For increased counter capacity,
.R 2 using software commands normally unused. Under softuare control i~t oscillator source and decade scaler providing lNHz,
1KHz and 1OOHz frequencies.
it is also possible to cascade counters 3 & 4 to counters 1
only,
otherwise these counters
are
Counter 5 is used to generate periodic interrupts.
can be connected to a precision xtal
lOOKHz, IOKHz,
Any of these frequencies can be further divided by any integer in the range 2 - 65,535 loaded into counter 5. The output of counter 5 in turn can generate a hardware interrupt on any of the PC expansion bus
interrupt levels 2 thru 7. The active interrupt level (2-7) is selected by softuare. The interrupt service routine can simultaneously the count in process,
so that it is possible to store the counts at equal intervals of time and so interval
and
the
integrated
latch counters 1 & 2 without disturbing
measure the voltage during
volt-seconds between
=ny
pair of
the
intervals. This feature is useful for determining the area under the
peaks of the chromatogram to very high precision.
The resolution obtained from the CRON-1 is dependent on the
integrating interval and range as follous:-
INTEGRATING INTERVAL
Range
Iv 2v
5v
1ov
0.01 sec. 1mV
2mV 5mV
10mV
0.1 sec. 1 oouv
zoouv 2O"V 5OO"V
1mV
1 sec. 10 sec.
1O”V
1”V
2"V
5O"V
1 oouv
5"V
1O”V
Apart from providing continuous integration of the input signal, the V/F also integrates input noise whether it be 50/60Hz line noise or detector noise. with the need to provide filtering of the input.
This characteristic is a useful feature dispensing
Line noise will be
integrated to zero and completely rejected over any even multiple of
the line period e.g.
100 mS or 1 sec. In addition the optically
isolated input avoids any generation of errors through ground loops.
Once in the measurement mode,
single channel input as the signal
V/F.
A second input
is provided on the CRON-1 so that it is possible
is continuously connected to the
the CROM-1 is essentially a
to share one CROM-1 between two signal sources but not at the same
time. more computer,
If you wish to perform
channels,
you can install severa 1
limited primarily by the availability of expansion slots.
simultaneous measurements on
CROM-1 boards in the same
two or
Each CROM-1 needs to be set to a different I/O address selected by the on-board DIP switch.
To facilitate starting and stopping of the chromatograph or
other
external
opto-isolated digital
process synchronization,
inputs and 2 double pole double
- 2 -
the board
includes 4
throw
relay
CRON-1 MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
outputs.
120~ A.C.(resistive).
ports.All the digital
isolated
the lOOKHz/F.S. -
linearity).
V/F at
Lou-level)
contact NetraByte.
can be measurement applications e.g. direct interface
etc., our
information and assistance.
installation in computers with reduced length expansion the Tandy
machines.
1.2 CROM-1 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
The output contacts are rated at 1A at 28v D.C. or 0.5A at
These
I/O
from the computer to improve safety and noise performance.
By changing component values, it
any
rate
from lOKHz/F.S. to
higher
It
is
also
and bipolar (+/-I inputs.
Apart from its uses in chromatography, the CRON-1
used in many other precision
applications engineering staff
The CROM-1 is a 9 inch “3/4
possible to provide other ranges (including
1000 as well as
I/O
lines are addressed through separate
connections to the board are
is
also
lMHz/F.S (standard is
frequencies tend to degrade integral
For these modifications, please
and
will be glad to provide
slot”
standard IBM PC/XT/AT
slow
board
electrically
possible to run
high
to a thermocouple
and
precision
suitable for
slots
such as
compatible
The CRON-1
software.
MetraByte’s standard utility’ package vhich is directed towards the needs of users
includes a BASIC
commented assembly language source listing for the driver (CROM.ASN), a programming example EX.BAS and a simple menu driven logging program
CCROM.BAS 8 CRON.EXE).
provided to Compiler or Microsoft Quick Basic. this manual.
offers two optional menu driven
for the CROM-1 by Laboratory Technologies Corporation. The first and more expensive option is the general purpose Labtech Notebook that may be supplemented with Labtech Chrom and the second is Labtech CHRON+ which is specifically designed for chromatography analysis capabilities of Labtech Notebook,
demonstration disk. our
catalog,
LABTECH NOTEBOOK
Included in the price
who
callable
allow
For the user who wishes to avoid programming,
a brief guide follous:-
can be used with several different types of
and supplied with
wish to
In addition, the object file CCROH.OBJj is
the use of compiled BASICA such as the IBM Basic
only.
perform
machine language driver CRON.BIN, a fully
data acquisition packages developed
If
call
The features of these products are detailed in
This is a general purpose data
control package that may be used with many other MetraByte boards as menus, it
allows
their own programming.
This software is documented in
for chromatography analysis,
YO”
or mail NetraByte for a free
are interested in the
well
you to
as CRON-1. Through user
control triggering,
the board is
This
NetraByte
acquisition and
-3-
INTRODUCTION
CROM-1 MANUAL
LABTECH CHROM
LARTECH CHROMt
sampling, graphing,
filing and analysis of data.
Analysis is through built in functions including
curve fitting and fast Fourier
also allows acquisition of
data
another program and links to
transforms. It
while running
Lotus l-2-3 for
additional analysis and graphing. This is an automatic analysis package that is
used together with Labtech Notebook. It performs an automatic analysis of the chromatogram peaks, reporting area, displaying, printing or
retention time and height,
storing this data to
disk. This is a Lower cost package for
only. It performs Notebook and Labtech
does not include
the
the general
functions of Labtech
Chrom
for
chromatography the CROM-1 but
data acquisition
and analysis capabilities of Labtech Notebook.
- G -
CROM-1 MANUAL
2.1 BACKING UP THE DISK
INSTALLATION
Section 2
INSTALLATION
The software supplied with CROW-l is
in DOS 1.10 double
sided (320K) format which can be read by DOS versions 1.1, 2.0, 2.1,
3.0 and 3.1. It is advisable to make a back up copy before using the softuare,
although if for any reason you lose the softuare, MetraByte uill always provide a free replacement. The easiest uay to copy the original to any other disk formatted under any other revision of DOS
is to insert the disk in your A drive and from DOS enter:-
COPY A:*.* 8: (or other destination drive specifier)
2.2 HARDWARE INSTALLATION
The CROM-1 board uses 4 consecutive address locations in I/O space. Some I/O address locations will already be occupied by internal I/O and other peripheral cards,
so to provide flexibility in avoiding conflict with these devices the base I/O address can be set by the Base Address D.I.P. switch to be on a 4 bit boundary anywhere
in
the I.B.M. P.C. decoded I/O space.
This I/O address space
extends. from decimal 512-1023 (Hex 200-3FF) which is many times
larger than is ever likely to be fully occupied.
usual
I/O address assignments
from data in the “IBM Technical
Summarising the
Reference Manual”:-
ADDRESS(Hex)
000-l FF 1 FO-1 F8 ZOO-2OF 210-217
220-24F
278-27F
ZFO-2F7
ZFB-2FF 300-31 F 320-32F
DEVICE
ADDRESSfHex)
Internal system 378-37F
Hard disk (PC/AT)
Game
Expansion unit
380-38C 380-389
3AO-3A9 Reserved 3EO-3BF Reserved LPTZ:
3CO-3CF
3DO-3DF COMZ: 3EO-3E7 Prototype card 3 FO-3 F7 Hard disk (PC/XT)
3F8-3FF
DEVICE LPTl : SOLE corn”. Binary comm. 2 Binary comm. 1 Mono dsp/LPTl : Reserved Color graphics Reserved Floppy disk con1 :
INSTALLATION
This covers thee standard I/O.options, but if youhave other
I/O peripherals e.g.
boards,
space. not be concerned with a possible conflict with any add-on memory. If multiple CROM-1 boards one must be set to a different base I/O address.
I/O address of Hex 300.
not need to be altered.
before you install the board in your computer,
disk in your floppy drive and enter:-
This runs a self-explanatory program (INSTALL.EXEj that will give you a pictorial view of the base address switch setting on the CROM-1.
After entering your choice of address, you see it on the screen and press <ESC> to exit back to DOS. will also conflict
installed.
computer, for IBM standard devices (although the same mapping is followed by
most compatibles) and may not be totally foolproof as far as.non-IBM peripherals are concerned. correctly, or computer e.g.
normal,
have set the base I/O address, need to provide it programs.
prototype cards etc.
Memory addressing is separate from I/O addressing so you need
The CROM:l is shipped withy its DIP switch set for a base
A> INSTALL
See
uith
it can safely be ignored.
remove the CROFT-1 and try a different I/O address.
warning
standard
If you receive a warning for a device that is not in your
interferes in some
disk drives etc. or your computer fails to boot up as
in the initializing or configuration sections of
battery backed up clocks, special graphics
they
are installed in the same computer, then each
This is usually a good default value, and may
If you want to check or change the setting
messages of
IBM peripheral
If your CROM-1 does not appear to work
make a note of its value as you vi11
will
way
also be sharing I/O address
insert the software
simply set the switch the way
settings which could possibly
devices if you have them
These cautions apply strictly
uith other devices on your
CROFT-1 MANUAL
YOU
Once you
install
To
removing the board from its protective
is a good precaution have accumulated by touching the
before
computer and remove the case (See IBM “Guide to Operations” for your
model of computer if you are not already expert at this maneuver). Remove a vacant back plate by undoing the scre” at the top and plug
the CROM-1 in and then
The CROM-1 will fit in any of the regular full depth slots of the IBM PC/XT/AT or ‘three-quarter”
removing any peripheral board. Failing to observe this precaution can cause costly damage to the electronics of your computer and/or the CROM-1
board, electrostatically shipping.
YO” Plug
Remember, always TURN OFF THE POWER whenever installing or
board.
MetraByte recommends that
the board
the CROM-1
to discharge any electrostatic charge you may
into it. TURN OFF THE POWER on your
replace the screw and secure the backplate.
slots
If for any reason you later remove the CROM-1
shielded
packaging and use it for
inside
metal frame of your computer just
such as those in the Tandy 1000.
- 6 -
your
electrostatic packaging. It
YO”
computer,
retain the special
start by
storage
and
CROM-1 MANUAL
Section 3
CROW1 HARDYARE
3.1 I/O ADDRESS MAP & REGISTER DATA FORMAT
REGISTER STRUCTURE
The information
in this section
needs of programmers and uith the exception
skipped if
you are using menu driven software such as Labtech or
is directed towards the
of Section 3.2 may be
CHROM+.
The chromatography board uses 4 consecutive I/O addresses.
The base I/O address is fully settable by means of a D.I.P.
the board (this is the only user settable component -
on
sui tch
see Installation). If required more than one chromatography board can be used in a
single computer provided that
operating interrupt levels are different.
their I/O addresses and
The I/O address map is as
follows:-
I/O ADDRESS
Read
FUNCTION
Write
Base address + 0 Counter data Counter data
+ 1 + 2
+ 3
Counter status Main control Main control AUX. inputs
Counter control
Relay outputs
Each register has functions as follows:-
Counter data & counter control/status
The
locations
at Base Address +O & +1
standard AMD-9513 address locations. Refer to the 9513 data sheet for information.
and
commands
which are addressed indirectly through
The 9513 has many internal registers
9513 counter control register. given in Appendix A.
correspond to the
the
A brief guide to the 9513 is
- 7 -
REGISTER STRUCTURE
Main control register
This is a single byte read/write register at Base Address +
2 that
range, hardware interrupt level and interrupt enable:-
controls
selection of the V/F
Data bus bit
input
CROM-1 MANUAL
source and
D7
Int. enable
0 - disabled 1 - enabled 001 - inactive 01 - In 1
Note that
c lea’red on reset (pouer up) of the changing ranges, the zero and full scale should be re­calibrated as these are not consistent from range to range. In operation should
that conversion technique makes gain switching unnecessary.
Di’gital inputs
This is which returns the state of isolated digital inputs IPO-3:-
06 D5
I
I
Int. level
000 - inactive 010 - 2
011 -
100 - 4 101 - 5 110 - 6 111 - 7
the
a range th,at suits the input
be chosen and subsequent measurements performed. on
fixed range. The wide dynamic range of the V/F
a 4 bit read only register at Base
3
main
04
control
v G
Source Range
00 - In 0 10
-
Iv
cat.
11 - zero 11 - Iv
register is automatically
computer. Also
00 - 1ov 01 - 5v
10
- 2v
signal source
Address + 3
when
Data bus bit
07 06’ 05 04 03 02
0 0 0 0 IP3
An
energized input
circuit of the optoisolated inputs is
Note that the input is polarity sensitive and will
to voltages in input voltages may be handled by adding an external current
limiting resistor in
current to 2OmA.
the range of
ui
11
return as a logic 1. The input
series with
3 to 12 volts 0-C.. Higher
IP2 IPl
shown in Fig. 3.1
R to limit the circuit
01 DO
IPO
respond
- a -
CROM-1 MANUAL
REGISTER STRUCTURE
Fig. 3.1
Relay outputs
The 2 control relays write only register at BASE Address + 3:-
A Logic 1 corresponds to an energized relay, bits D2-07 are
irrelevant. The relay register is cleared on reset
up) de-energizing
the relays are shown in Fig. 3.2.
at 28~ D.C.
Isolated Logical Input Circuit of IPO-1~3
are
Data bus bit
07
x x x x x
D6 DS D4 03
both
and 0.5A at 120~ A.C. (resistive).
relays.
operated
Double
by bits DO & Dl of a
D2 01
x
The output connections of
Relays are
pole
contacts
REL 1
rated at 1A
A NO
DO
REL 0
(power
F
ig. 3.2
-
Control Relay Connect
- 9 -
A NC A CCHTION
0 Energized
(or))
8 De-energized
(off)
ions
REGISTER STRUCTURE
3.2 CONNECTING UP CROM-I
CROH-I MANUAL
All
connector that
board. A 25 pin D type male
connections CMetraByte part number SMC-25).
as follows:-
CHANNEL 0 ANALOG INPUT
CHANNEL I ANALOG INPUT
connections are
projects through
ANALOG COMMON
IP3f IP3­xp2+ IP2-
RELAY OA NC
RELAY OA COMMON
RELAY OA NO
RELAY IA NC
RELAY IA COMMON
RELAY IA NO
made to a 25 pin D
the back mounting plate of
connector should be used to make
\
14
i
CALIBRATION REFERENCE (+lv)
2
i
ANALOG COMMON
15
3
l( i
IPI+
4
IPI-
17
5
IPot
It 1
6 7 8 9
IO 11 12 I3
,
IPO-
15
I
2c
RELAY OB NC
21
RELAY OB COMMON
22
RELAY OB NO
23
RELAY IB NC
24
RELAY IB COMMON RELAY IB NO
25
type
The pin assignments are
female
the
Fig. 3.3
NO = Normally open (de-energized) NC = Normally closed (de-energized)
CROM-I Connector (Rear View)
- IO -
CROM-I MANUAL
REGISTER STRUCTURE
Two wires source.
recommended uired as terminal connector board is required,
K-1800 cable.
are.
usually all that is required to connect to your signal
In a noisy
environment,
shoun
in Fig. 3.4.
Co-axial cable
CHROMA’UXRAPH
The
- output
may be connected to ground.
of
the ch~romatograph
shielded
If a compatible screw
use MetraByte model STA-U with
coaxial
:
L
r
1
2 3 4 5
,
5 r 3
t
P
$
IO
1
1
I
2
1
3
1
cable is
14
I5 I6 17 I8
19’
20
21 22 23
24 25
Fig. 3.4 Analog Signal Source Wiring
- I1 -
CRC+-1
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