Keithley 3321 Operator's Manual
Model 3321 LCZ Meter
Operator’s Manual
A GREATER MEASURE OF CONFIDENCE
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year
from date of shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable
batteries, diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio.
You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service
facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for
the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or
misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from
battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS
INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE
OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY
PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. l 28775 Aurora Road l Cleveland, OH 44139 l 440-248-0400 l Fax: 440-248-6168 l http://www.keithley.com
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10/99
Model 3321 LCZ Meter
Operator’s Manual
01991, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Second Printing, April 2000
Document Number: 3321-900-01 Rev. B
Manual Print History
The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The Revi-
sion Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are released
between Revisions, contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual.
Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision
of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this
print history page.
Revision A (Document Number 3321-900-01)
................................................. March 199 1
Addendum A (Document Number 3321-900-02).
................................................ May 1993
Addendum A (Document Number 3321-900-03). .......................................
December 1995
Revision B (Document Number 3321-900-01)
................................................... April 2000
All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders
Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using
this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions
may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation,
operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the
product. Refer to the manual for complete product specifications.
If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product may be impaired.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use
and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is
operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be
trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with
hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product
to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line voltage
or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator
may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by
service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform
safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley products are designed for use with electrical signals that
are rated Installation Category I and Installation Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Installation Category I and must not be directly connected
to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Installation Category II connections require protection for
high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC mains
connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise
marked or described in the Manual.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal
voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock
hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V
peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect
that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before
measuring.
Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at
all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In
some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to
protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is
capable of operating at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of
the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits.
They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks
before each use.
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is
restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power disconnect device must be provided, in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any
other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge
any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal
changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always
make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated
surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its
specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or
switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating
for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for
measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a
lid interlock.
2/02
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the
wire recommended in the user documentation.
!
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal
and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to
avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might
result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could
damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and
all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement
components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test
leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals,
may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as
long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments
to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are
unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based
cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill
on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no
case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a
computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper
cleaning/servicing.
+
Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using the Model 3321 LCZ Meter and any associated instruments.
This instrument is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety
precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read over this manual carefully before using the instrument.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present at the test circuit. The American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V rms or 42.4V peak are present. A good
safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Inspect the connecting cables and test leads for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
For maximum safety, do not touch the test cables or any instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
Turn off the power and discharge any capacitors before connecting or disconnecting cables from the instrument.
Do not touch any object which could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line
(earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
Instrumentation and accessories should not be connected to humans.
+
2
Table of Contents
General Information
INTRODUCTION..
.............................................................................................................................................
I- 1
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
...............................................................................................................................
I- 1
Condensed Specifications ...........................................................................................................................
l- 1
Features .......................................................................................................................................................
I - 1
WARRANTY
INFORMATION.. .......................................................................................................................
l-2
MANUAL
ADDENDA ......................................................................................................................................
l-2
SAFETY
SYMBOLS and TERMS..
...................................................................................................................
1-2
INSPECTION
.....................................................................................................................................................
l-2
OPTIONAL
ACCESSORIES .............................................................................................................................
l-2
SPECIFICATIONS
.............................................................................................................................................
l-2
Getting Started
INTRODUCTION..
.............................................................................................................................................
2- 1
POWER-UP
........................................................................................................................................................
2- 1
BASIC
MEASUREMENTS ...............................................................................................................................
2-2
Operation
INTRODUCTION..
.............................................................................................................................................
3- 1
FRONT AND
REAR PANEL FAMILIARIZATION..
......................................................................................
3- 1
Front Panel ..................................................................................................................................................
3-2
Rear Panel ...................................................................................................................................................
3-6
POWER-UP
PROCEDURE ...............................................................................................................................
3-7
Line Voltage Setting ...................................................................................................................................
3-7
Fuse Replacement .......................................................................................................................................
3-8
Power Cord .................................................................................................................................................
3-8
Power up Sequence
.....................................................................................................................................
3-8
Default Conditions
......................................................................................................................................
3-9
TEST CONNECTIONS
......................................................................................................................................
3-9
BASIC
MEASUREMENTS
.............................................................................................................................
3- 10
Measurement Function Selection..
............................................................................................................ 3- 10
Measurement Function Parameter Selection..
........................................................................................... 3- 11
Equivalent Circuit Selection
.....................................................................................................................
3- 1 1
Measurement Range Selection..
................................................................................................................
3- 12
FREQUENCY
SELECTION..
..........................................................................................................................
3- 1.5
SIGNAL
LEVEL SELECTION..
......................................................................................................................
3- 1.5
DC
BIAS..
.........................................................................................................................................................
3-15
4
GPIB Interface
ZERO CORRECTION
......................................................................................................................................
3-16
Zero Correction Procedures
.......................................................................................................................
3-16
Equivalent Circuits of Measurement System
............................................................................................
3-17
Correctable Range
.....................................................................................................................................
3- 17
MEASUREMENT CABLES
............................................................................................................................
3- 17
Cable Requirements
...................................................................................................................................
3-17
Additional Error
.........................................................................................................................................
3-20
-
ERROR MESSAGES
3-20
.........................................................................................................................................
GPIB Address and Delimiter
.... .........................................................................................................................
3-21
INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................
4-l
Ma.jor GPIB Specifications.. ........................................................................................................................
4- 1
Bus Line Signals and Operations
................................................................................................................
4-2
GPIB Handshaking
......................................................................................................................................
4-2
Data Transfer Example ................................................................................................................................
4-3
Basic Talker Functions
................................................................................................................................
4-3
Basic Listener Functions
.............................................................................................................................
4-3
Major Specifications
of Controller Functions
.............................................................................................
4-4
Multi-line Interface
Message..
.....................................................................................................................
4-4
GPIB Programming Example..
............................................................................................................................
4-6
GFIB SPECIFICATIONS
...................................................................................................................................
4-6
Interface Functions ......................................................................................................................................
4-6
Bus Drivers..
................................................................................................................................................
4-6
Address
........................................................................................................................................................
4-6
Receive and Transmit Codes
.......................................................................................................................
4-7
Delimiters
....................................................................................................................................................
4-7
Program Codes
............................................................................................................................................
4-7
Response to Interface Messages..
..............................................................................................................
4-10
Remote/Local Operation
...........................................................................................................................
4-10
Service Request (SRQ)
..............................................................................................................................
4-11
Status Byte..
...............................................................................................................................................
4- 1 1
Process Time
.............................................................................................................................................
4-12
SETTING GPIB ADDRESS AND DELIMITER
.............................................................................................
4-12
GPIB PROGRAMMING
...................................................................................................................................
4-12
Setting Messages
.......................................................................................................................................
4- 13
Inquiry Messages
.......................................................................................................................................
4-13
Reading Measured Data
............................................................................................................................
4-17
MEASUREMENTS OVER GPIB
....................................................................................................................
4-18
Preparation
.................................................................................................................................................
4-18
Measurement and Reading
of Data
..........................................................................
.
................................
4-l 8
GPIB OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS..
................................................................
,
....................................
4- 19
GPIB ERRORS
.................................................................................................................................................
4-19
EXAMPLE PROGRAMS
........................................................................
.
........................................................
4-20
GPlB Initialization
.....................................................................................................................................
4-20
Display Setting
..........................................................................................................................................
4-20
Inquiry
.......................................................................................................................................................
4-20
SRQ and Serial Poll ......................
.
............................................................................................................
4-21
Measurements
............................................................................................................................................
4-21
ii
2
Figure 2- 1
3
Figure 3- 1
Figure 3-2
Figure 3-3
Figure 3-4
Figure 3-5
Figure 3-6
Figure 3-7
Figure 3-8
Figure 3-9
Figure 3-10
4
GPIB Interface
Figure 4- 1
Interface Connector
.....................................................................................................................................
4-2
Figure 4-2
Handshake Timing Diagram
.......................................................................................................................
4-3
Figure 4-3
Data Transfer Example
...............................................................................................................................
4-4
Figure 4-4
Basic Syntax Program Code
.......................................................................................................................
4-7
list of Illustrations
Getting Started
Model 3321 Test Fixture Connection
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..‘........................................................
2-3
Operation
Model 3321 Front Panel
..............................................................................................................................
3-2
Model 3321 Rear Panel..
.............................................................................................................................
3-6
Cleaning Air Filter..
....................................................................................................................................
3-7
Fuse Replacement
.......................................................................................................................................
3-8
_
Connection to the Device Under Test
.......................................................................................................
3- 10
Equivalent Circuits of Device Under Test
................................................................................................
3-11
OPEN Measurement
.................................................................................................................................
3-16
SHORT Measurement
...............................................................................................................................
3-17
Equivalent Circuits of Measurement System
............................................................................................
3-18
Test Cables..
..............................................................................................................................................
3-19
.
111
3
Table 3-l
Power-up Defaults.. .....................................................................................................................................
3-9
Table 3-2
AUTO Function Selections
.......................................................................................................................
3-10
Table 3-3
AUTO Equivalent Circuit Selections..
......................................................................................................
3-l 2
Table 3-4
Impedance Ranges
....................................................................................................................................
3-14
Table 3-5
Additional Error of I Z I Caused by Test Cables (Reference Data)
...........................................................
3-20
Table 3-6
Error Message
...........................................................................................................................................
3-2 1
4
GPIB Interface
Table 4- 1
Multi-Line Interface Message..
...................................................................................................................
4-5
Table 4-2
Interface Functions..
....................................................................................................................................
4-6
Table 4-3
Bus Drivers .................................................................................................................................................
4-6
Table 4-4
List of Program Codes ................................................................................................................................
4-9
Table 4-5
Response to Interface Messages
................................................................................................................
4-10
Table 4-6
Status Bytes
...............................................................................................................................................
4-11
Table 4-7
Process Time of Program Codes
(Reference Data)
........................................
. .........................................
4-12
Table 4-8
Setting Messages..
.....................................................................................................................................
4- I4
Table 4-9
Inquiry Messages
......................
.
...............................................................................................................
4-15
Table 4- 10
GPIB Error Messages
................................................................................................................................
4- 19
list of Tables
Operation
SECTION 1
General Information
1 .l INTRODUCTION
This section contains general information about the
Model 3321.
1.2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The Model 3321 LCZ Meter is a high accuracy (0.1%
basic accuracy), full function LCZ meter. It includes an
IEEE-488 interface to control operation from a computer.
The Model 3321 drives a device under test (DUT) with a
known voltage sine wave signal. Impedance is derived
by precisely measuring the resultant current that flows
through the DUT.
1.2.1 Condensed Specifications
The following condensed specifications help summarize
the capabilities of the Model 3321. Complete, detailed
instrument specifications are located in Appendix A.
Measurement Functions: L, C, I Z I, Q, D, ESR, G, 8.
These functions can be automatically selected.
Basic Accuracy: 0.1% (at 1kHz)
Measurement Ranges (Display):
IZI
O.lmQ to 19.999Ma
C
O.OOlpF to 199.99mF
b, D
O.lnH to 19.999kH
0.0001 to 19999
8
-180.00” to +179.99”
Measurement Frequency:
120Hz, lkHz, 1OkHz or
1ookHz.
Measurement Signal Level: 1V rms, 50mV rms
Equivalent Circuit: Series, parallel and automatic
DC Bias:
DC Bias: Internal: 2V
External: 0 to *35V
Zero Correction: Automatic (OPEN, SHORT).
Measuring Time: FAST (64ms), MED (150ms), SLOW
(480ms).
1.2.2 Features
l High Accuracy - Basic accuracy of 0.1% with dis-
play resolution of 0.0001 at 4-l /2 digits.
l Wide Frequency Range
- Four frequency selections
in the range from 120Hz to 1OOkHz.
l Two Measurement Signal Levels - Selectable sine
wave signals of 50mV rms or 1V rms can be applied
l-l
SECTION 1
General Infbvmation
to the DUT. Also, the signal can be biased by selecting the 2V internal DC bias or by externally applying
a DC bias up to i35V.
Variety of Measurement Functions - In addition to
the conventional functions including L, C, D and Q,
you can also display the equivalent series resistance
(ESR), parallel conductance (G), and polar coordinates expression ( I Z I - 0).
Automatic Function and Range Selection - In addition to the conventional autorange feature, function
and the equivalent circuits can also be automatically
selected.
Built-in DC Bias Power Supply - The built-in
2V DC bias power supply is used to measure the
capacitance of polarized devices such as electrolytic
capacitors and semiconductors.
IEEE-488 Interface - Allows the instrument to be
controlled by a computer.
1.3 WARRANTY INFORMATION
Warranty information is located on the
inside front
cover of this instruction manual. Should
your Model
3321 require warranty service, contact the Keithley representative or authorized repair facility in your area for
further information. When returning the instrument for
repair, be sure to fill out and include the service form at
the back of this manual in order to provide the repair
facility with the necessary information.
1.4 MANUAL ADDENDA
Any improvements or changes concerning the instrument or manual will be explained in an addendum
included with the manual. Be sure to note these changes
and incorporate them into the manual.
1.5
SAFETY SYMBOLS and TERMS
The following symbols and terms may be found on an
instrument or used in this manual.
The symbol !
n
on an instrument indicates that the
user should refer to the operating instructions located in
the instruction manual.
The WARNING heading used in this manual explains
dangers that might result in personal injury or death.
Always read the associated information very carefully
before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains
hazards that could damage the scanner card. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
1.6 INSPECTION
The Model 3321 was carefully inspected, both electrically and mechanically, before shipment. After unpacking all items from the shipping carton, check for any
obvious signs of physical damage that may have
occurred during transit.
Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately.
Save the original packing carton for possible future
reshipment. The following items are included with
every Model 3321 order:
l Model 3321 LCZ Meter
l Model 3321 Instruction Manual
l Additional Accessories as ordered.
If an additional instruction manual is required, order
the manual package, Keithley part number 3321-901-00.
The manual package includes an instruction manual
and any pertinent addenda.
1.7 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
The following accessories are available from Keithley
for use with the Model 3321:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Model 3323 Direct Test Fixture. Allows leaded parts
to be directly inserted into this test fixture.
Model 3324 4-Terminal Alligator Clip Test Lead.
Designed for four-terminal components, in which
the current-supplying terminals and voltagemeasurement terminals are separated.
Model 3325 Kelvin Clip Test Lead. Uses two clips for
four-terminal connections. Used to measure large or
irregularly-shaped components which cannot be
inserted into the Model 3323 test fixture.
Model 3326 Chip Component Test Leads. This
tweezer-type test lead set permits easy connection to
surface mounted chip components.
The cables for all the above test leads are shielded to
minimize stray capacitance.
1.8 SPECIFICATIONS
Model 3321 specifications may be found in Appendix A
of this manual.
l-2
SECTION 2
Getting Started
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This brief section will guide the user through front panel
operation. This section is intended to acquaint the user
with basic operation. Detailed operation is covered in
Section 3.
NOTE
Front and rear panel views of the instrument
(which may be helpful in locating controls, annunciators or connectors) are provided by
Figures 3-l and 3-2. These drawings are located in Section 3.
2.2 POWER-UP
The instrument is designed to operate from 90-132V or
198-250V line voltage ranges at 48 to 62Hz. Perform the
following steps to connect the instrument to line power:
1. Check the rear panel LINE SUPPLY selector switch
and make sure the setting agrees with the line voltage available in your area. If the switch setting needs
to be changed, perform the procedures in paragraph
3.3. Keep in mind that changing the line voltage setting requires a fuse change.
CAUTION
To prevent damage to the instrument that
may not be covered by the warranty, make
sure the rear panel LINE SUPPLY switch is
set to the correct line voltage setting.
2. The power cord is supplied with the instrument.
Connect the female end of the power cord to AC receptacle on the rear panel, and connect the other
end to a grounded AC outlet.
WARNING
The instrument is equipped with a 3-wire
power cord that contains a separate ground
wire and is designed to be used with
grounded outlets. When proper connections
are made, instrument chassis is connected to
the power line ground. If the AC outlet is not
grounded, the rear panel safety earth ground
terminal must be connected to a known
safety earth ground using #18 AWG (or
larger) wire.
3. Turn on the instrument by depressing the POWER
switch in to the ON position. The instrument will
perform its power up sequence (see paragraph
3.3.4). After successfully completing the power up
tests, the instrument will assume default conditions
+
2-1
SECTION 2
Gettim Started
+
that configure the instrument for immediate measurements.
NOTE
The instrument is ready for immediate use.
However, to achieve rated accuracy, the instrument must be allowed to warm up for at
least l/2 hour.
2.3 BASIC MEASUREMENTS
A measurement is performed by applying a known rms
signal level at a specific frequency to the DUT and then
calculating and displaying the results.
NOTE
The following procedure assumes that the instrument is configured to its power-up default conditions. If you are not sure about the
setup configuration, simply turn the power
off and then on again.
NOTE
The following procedure uses the Model 3323
Test Fixture to connect DUT to the instrument
(see Figure 2-l). If using test cables, make sure
4-terminal connections are used as explained
in paragraph 3.4.
Perform the following steps to make basic L, C or Z measurements:
1. Connect the Model 3323 Test fixture to the instrument. This test fixture allows easy DUT connection
to the instrument, and provides accurate measurements by eliminating the stray capacitance of test cables.
2. Note that automatic function is selected as denoted
by the AUTO annunciator to the left of the yellow
AUTO key. In AUTO function, the instrument will
automatically select the appropriate function (L, C or
Z) for the device connected to it.
3. Install the DUT (device under test) into the test fixture. The appropriate function for the DUT will be
selected and the measurements will be displayed as
follows:
NOTE
The exponent symbol annunciators (p, n, u, m,
k and M) for the readings are located to the
right of each display.
A.
B.
C.
For inductors (L), the m DISPLAY provides
the reading in henries (H), and them DISPLAY
provides the quality factor (Q).
For capacitors (C), the m DISPLAY provides
the reading in farads (F), and them DISPLAY
provides the dissi ation factor (D).
For resistors, the A
i!!b
DISPLAY provides the Z
reading in ohms (a), and them DISPLAY provides the phase shift (0) of approximately 0”.
The above procedure requires no instrument settings by
the operator. The test is completely automated by simply
using the power-up default setup configuration to test
DUTs. Of course this setup configuration is not desirable
for all measurements and thus, requires the operator to
modify appropriate operating parameters, such as the
test signal level and frequency.
The test signal level and frequency can be modified as follows:
Signal Level - On power up, the test signal level is set to
1V rms as denoted by the front panel 1V LEVEL annunciator. To select the alternate signal 1eveL (50mV rms),
simply press the 50mV LEVEL key on the front panel.
Signal Frequency - On power up, the test frequency is
set to 1kHz as denoted by a FREQ annunciator. To select
one of the other frequencies (lOkHz, 1OOkHz or 120Hz),
press and release the appropriate FREQ key.
2-2
+
+
SECTION 2
Getting Started
1-1
3321 LCZ METER
I
1
ZERO
Jl LEVEL (OPEN) j
J
ciauve 2-l.
Model 3322 Test Fixture Connection
+
2-3
+
SECTION 3
Operation
3.1 INTRODUCTION
ciators and connectors on the front and rear panels of the
instrument.
This section covers front panel operation. For operation
over the GPIB bus, see Section 4.
3.2 FRONT AND REAR PANEL
FAMILIARIZATION
The front and rear panels of the instrument are shown in
Figure 3-l and Figure 3-2.
The following information describes the controls, annun-
+
3-l
SECTION 3
I
-1 3321 LCZMETER
I
l BUSY
m DISPLAY
m DISPLAY
l L(H)
C M
l a l ESR(O)
P M
. C(F)
n k 0 D 0 G(S)
n k
. h I,“\ D m l olden1 P m
BIAS
.:.-..:.:.:.:.<.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.,.:.:. FREQ(Hz) :.: ..:.:.:.:.:. :.:.:.:.:.:.: :.:.:.:.ix.:.:
DISCHARGE CAPACITORS
BEFORE CONNECTING
A UNKNOWN
I
\
II
ZERO
)I LE”EL,OPEN) j
I
I
\
I
\
I
Figure 3-1.
Model 3321 Front Panel
3.2.1 Front Panel
IAl DISPLAY/ m DISPLAY 4-l/2 Digit Displays -
Primarily used to display the measurement for the selected function and function parameter. The selected
function and function parameter are indicated by annunciators to the left of the two displays. The annunciators to
the right of the displays indicate the magnitude of the
reading using exponent symbols (i.e. k, u, M, etc.).
m DISPLAY Function Indicators - These annuncia-
tors denote the selected function:
L
Self inductance (H)
C Electrostatic capacity (F)
IZI Resistance or impedance (0)
Note: The values of L, C and Z change according to
whether the equivalent circuit is in series or parallel
mode.
m DISPLAY Function Parameter Indicators - These
annunciators denote the selected function parameter:
Q
Quality factor
D
Dissipation factor (D = 1 /Q)
ESR
Equivalent series resistance
G
Parallel conductance
8
Phase angle of impedance
Exponent annunciators (both displays) - The following
exponent annunciators are used to denote the magnitude
of the reading:
M= mega = lo6
k=
kilo = 103
m=
milli = 10”
n= nano = 10eg
P=
micro = lo4
P’
pica = 1O-‘2
3-2
+
SECTION3
Operation
Front Panel Indicators:
BUSY-This indicator lights when a measurement is be-
ing made. This indicator is off while in OPEN or SHORT.
REMOTE -This indicator is on when the GPIB interface
is in the remote state. While in remote, the front panel
controls are disabled.
FREQ (Hz) -
Denotes the frequency (120H2, lkHz,
1OkHz or 1OOkHz) that was selected using the FREQ keys.
CKT MODE
- Denotes the equivalent circuit that was
selected using the CKT MODE keys.
AUTO Automatic selection mode; SER or PAR auto-
matically selected.
SER Series equivalent circuit.
PAR
Parallel equivalent circuit.
Note: CKT selections only affect readings on m DISPLAY.
LEVEL (OPEN)- Denotes the level of the measurement
signal that was selected using the LEVEL keys.
50m
50mV rms signal level. Basic accuracy is lowered
using this level.
1
Standard 1V rms signal level.
The indicated signal level is the voltage applied to the
output while under a “no load” condition. The output
impedance of the signal source is approximately 1OOfi.
When connecting the signal to a device that has an impedance of less than lkS& loading will cause the signal
level to drop below the indicated voltage level.
Front Panel Controls:
POWER ON-OFF
The “in” position turns power on and the “out” position
turns power off. After turning power off, wait at least
three seconds before turning it back on.
BIAS ON Key
Pressing this key enables the internal 2V bias power supply. Pressing the key a second time disables the bias supply. With the rear panel BIAS INT/EXT switch set to the
EXT position, the BIAS ON key will instead control the
externally applied bias supply.
NOTE
The bias supply can only be enabled with the
C (capacitance) function selected and AUTO
function disabled.
FREQ (Hz) Keys:
These keys are used to select the frequency of the measurement signal. The enabled annunciator denotes which
frequency is selected.
120 - Pressing this key sets the measurement frequency
to 120Hz.
lk - Pressing this key sets the measurement frequency
to 1kHz.
10k -Pressing this key sets the measurement frequency
to 10kHz.
100k -
Pressing this key sets the measurement fre-
quency to 1 OOkHz.
m DISPLAY Keys:
The following keys are used to select the measurement
function. The reading for the selected function is shown
on them DISPLAY. The default function parameter (Q,
D or 0) for the selected function is automatically selected
and shown on the m DISPLAY.
L - Pressing this key selects the inductance (L) function
and displays the reading in henries (H). The selected default function parameter is Q.
C-Pressing this key selects the capacitance (C) function
and displays the reading in farads (F). The selected default function parameter is D.
121-e-- Pressing this key selects the impedance (Z)
function and displays the reading in ohms (a). Note that
this function is used to measure resistance. The phase an-
le (0)
I5
for the impedance measurement is shown on the
B DISPLAY.
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3-3
SECTION 3
Operation
+
m DISPLAY Keys:
The following keys are used to select an alternate function parameter (Q, D, ESR or G) for the L or C function.
The reading for the function parameter is shown on the
m DISPLAY.
The function parameter keys are not operational with the
AUTO function feature enabled. Pressing one of these
keys with AUTO enabled results in “Err 13”.
Q - Pressing this key displays the quality factor (Q) for
the L or C measurement.
D - Pressing this key displays the dissipation factor (D)
for the L or C measurement.
ESR - Pressing this key displays the equivalent series
resistance (ESR) for the L or C measurement.
G - Pressing this key displays the conductance (G) for
the L or C measurement.
AUTO/GPIB Key:
This dual function key is used to select the AUTO func-
tion feature, or to check and/or change the GPIB address/delimiter.
AUTO
- Pressing and immediately releasing this key
enables the AUTO function feature. With AUTO function
enabled, the instrument determines the type of device
connected to its input and automatically selects the appropriate measurement function. AUTO function is disabled by pressing one of the function selection keys (L, C
or IZI-0).
GPIB - By pressing and holding in this key for approxi-
mately three seconds, the current GPIB address and de-
limiter will be displayed on them DISPLAY.
The address and delimiter values are separated by the
decimal point. Valid address values are 0 to 30. Delimiter
values can be 0 (for <CR><LF>) or 1 (for <CR> only). Use
the I Z I - 0 key and ESR key to change the address value,
and use the G key to toggle the delimiter.
The displayed address and delimiter values can be entered by again pressing the GPIB key. The instrument
will return to the normal measurement display state.
3-4
+
CKT MODE Keys:
The following keys are used to select the equivalent circuit:
AUTO -With AUTO CKT MODE enabled, the equiva-
lent circuit (SER or PAR) will automatically be selected
(enabled).
The AUTO CKT MODE is automatically enabled if the
AUTO function feature is enabled. With AUTO function
enabled, AUTO CKT MODE cannot be disabled. With
AUTO function disabled, ALIT.0 CKT MODE can be dis-
abled by pressing the SER or PAR key.
SER - This key is only operational if AUTO function is
disabled. When operational, pressing this key will disable AUTO CKT MODE (if enabled), and select (enable)
the series (SER) circuit mode.
PAR - This key is only operational if AUTO function is
disabled. When operational, pressing this key will disable AUTO CKT MODE (if enabled), and select (enable)
the parallel (PAR) circuit mode.
ZERO Keys:
Zero correction measures the residual impedance and
stray admittance, and then automatically corrects the displayed reading caused by these errors. The following
keys are used to perform zero correction:
OPEN -To perform zero correction, open the input and
press the OPEN key.
SHORT
- To perform zero correction, short the input
and press the SHORT key.
LEVEL (OPEN) Keys:
These keys are used to select the rms voltage level of the
measurement signal.
50mV
- Press this key to set the level of the measure-
ment signal to 50mV rms.
1V - Press this key to set the level of the measurement
signal to 1V rms.
+
SECTION 3
Operation
Measurement Terminals:
UNKNOWN-The following front panel connectors are
used to connect the DUT to the instrument:
L CUR - Current detection terminal
L POT - Voltage detection terminal (Low)
H POT - Voltaie detection terminal (High)
H CUR - Drive signal output terminal.
G -Ground terminal that is connected to the chassis
of the instrument. Used for shielding.
The bias voltage and the drive signal can be monitored on
these terminals.
+
3-5
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