Juniper SYSTEM BASICS - CONFIGURATION GUIDE V 11.1.X, JUNOSe 11.1 Configuration Manual

JUNOSe™ Software
for E Series™ Broadband Services Routers

System Basics Configuration Guide

Release 11.1.x

Juniper Networks, Inc.

1194 North Mathilda Avenue

Sunnyvale, California 94089

USA

408-745-2000

www.juniper.net

Published: 2010-03-31

Juniper Networks, the Juniper Networks logo, JUNOS, NetScreen, ScreenOS, and Steel-Belted Radius are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. in
the United States and other countries. JUNOSe is a trademark of Juniper Networks, Inc. All other trademarks, service marks, registered trademarks, or
registered service marks are the property of their respective owners.

Juniper Networks assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies in this document. Juniper Networks reserves the right to change, modify, transfer, or
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Products made or sold by Juniper Networks or components thereof might be covered by one or more of the following patents that are owned by or licensed
to Juniper Networks: U.S. Patent Nos. 5,473,599, 5,905,725, 5,909,440, 6,192,051, 6,333,650, 6,359,479, 6,406,312, 6,429,706, 6,459,579, 6,493,347,
6,538,518, 6,538,899, 6,552,918, 6,567,902, 6,578,186, and 6,590,785.

JUNOSe™ Software for E Series™ Broadband Services Routers System Basics Configuration Guide

Release 11.1.x
Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in USA.

Writing: Mark Barnard, Diane Florio, Bruce Gillham, Sarah Lesway-Ball, Brian Wesley Simmons, Fran Singer, Megha Shaseendran, Krupa Chandrashekar,
Chander Aima, Poornima Goswami, Hema Priya J, Subash Babu Asokan, Sairam Venugopalan
Editing: Benjamin Mann
Illustration: Nathaniel Woodward
Cover Design: Edmonds Design

Revision History
April 2010—FRS JUNOSe 11.1.x

The information in this document is current as of the date listed in the revision history.

YEAR 2000 NOTICE

Juniper Networks hardware and software products are Year 2000 compliant. The JUNOS Software has no known time-related limitations through the year

2038. However, the NTP application is known to have some difficulty in the year 2036.

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Abbreviated Table of Contents

About the Documentation xxvii

Part 1 Chapters

Chapter 1 Planning Your Network 3

Chapter 2 Command-Line Interface 29

Chapter 3 Installing JUNOSe Software 125

Chapter 4 Configuring SNMP 147

Chapter 5 Managing the System 251

Chapter 6 Managing Modules 355

Chapter 7 Passwords and Security 417

Chapter 8 Writing CLI Macros 473

Chapter 9 Booting the System 509

Chapter 10 Configuring the System Clock 521

Chapter 11 Configuring Virtual Routers 539

Part 2 Reference Material

Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms 553

Appendix B References 571

Part 3 Index

Index 595

Abbreviated Table of Contents ■ vii

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

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Table of Contents

About the Documentation xxvii

E Series and JUNOSe Documentation and Release Notes ...........................xxvii

Audience ....................................................................................................xxvii

E Series and JUNOSe Text and Syntax Conventions ...................................xxvii

Obtaining Documentation ..........................................................................xxix

Documentation Feedback ...........................................................................xxix

Requesting Technical Support .....................................................................xxix

Self-Help Online Tools and Resources ...................................................xxx

Opening a Case with JTAC ....................................................................xxx

Part 1 Chapters

Chapter 1 Planning Your Network 3

Platform Considerations ..................................................................................3

Interface Specifiers ...................................................................................4

Edge Applications Overview ............................................................................4

Private Line Aggregation ...........................................................................4

xDSL Session Termination ........................................................................5

Layered Approach ...........................................................................................6

Line Modules, I/O Modules, and IOAs ..............................................................7

Interfaces ........................................................................................................8

Subinterfaces ............................................................................................8

interface Command ..................................................................................9

General Configuration Tasks ............................................................................9

Configuring Virtual Routers ...........................................................................10

Configuring IPSec ..........................................................................................10

Configuring Physical Layer Interfaces ............................................................10

Line Module Features ..............................................................................11

Configurable HDLC Parameters ..............................................................12

Configuring Channelized T3 Interfaces ...................................................12

Configuring T3 and E3 Interfaces ............................................................13

Configuring OCx/STMx and OC48 Interfaces ..........................................14

Configuring Channelized OCx/STMx Line Interfaces ...............................15

Configuring Ethernet Interfaces ..............................................................16

Configuring IPSec-Service Interfaces .......................................................16

Configuring Tunnel Service Interfaces .....................................................16

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JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Configuring Data Link-Layer Interfaces ..........................................................17

Configuring IP/Frame Relay ....................................................................17

Configuring IP/ATM .................................................................................19

Configuring IP/PPP ..................................................................................20

Configuring IP/HDLC ...............................................................................22

Configuring IP/Ethernet ..........................................................................22

Configuring IP Tunnels, Shared IP Interfaces, and Subscriber Interfaces .......23

Configuring IP Tunnels ............................................................................23

Configuring Shared Interfaces and Subscriber Interfaces ........................23

Configuring Routing Protocols .......................................................................24

Configuring VRRP ..........................................................................................25

Configuring Routing Policy ............................................................................25

Configuring QoS ............................................................................................25

Configuring Policy Management ....................................................................26

Configuring Remote Access ...........................................................................26

Chapter 2 Command-Line Interface 29

Overview .......................................................................................................29

Command Modes ...................................................................................29

Command-Line Prompts .........................................................................31

Keywords and Parameters ......................................................................31

Keywords .........................................................................................31

Parameters .......................................................................................32

Keywords and Parameters Together .................................................32

Using CLI Commands .............................................................................33

Abbreviated Commands ...................................................................33

The ? Key .........................................................................................33

Backspace or Delete .........................................................................34

Enter ................................................................................................34

Tab ...................................................................................................34

Arrow Keys ......................................................................................34

The no Version .................................................................................35

run and do Commands .....................................................................35

show Commands .............................................................................37

Redirection of show Command Output ............................................40

Regular Expressions .........................................................................41

The - -More- - Prompt .......................................................................43

Responding to Prompts ....................................................................46

CLI Status Indicators ...............................................................................47

Levels of Access ......................................................................................48

User Level ........................................................................................48

Privileged Level ................................................................................48

Initialization Sequence ............................................................................48

Platform Considerations ................................................................................48

Accessing the CLI ..........................................................................................48

Logging In ...............................................................................................48

Privileged-Level Access ...........................................................................49

Defining CLI Levels of Privilege ........................................................49

Accessing the Privileged Exec Level ..................................................50

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Table of Contents

Moving from Privileged Exec to User Exec Mode ....................................51

Logging Out ............................................................................................52

CLI Command Privileges ...............................................................................52

CLI Privilege Groups ................................................................................52

Examples Using Privilege Group Membership .........................................53

CLI Command Exceptions .......................................................................57

CLI Keyword Mapping ............................................................................58

Setting Privileges for Ambiguous Commands ..........................................58

Setting Privilege Levels for no or default Versions ...................................59

Setting Privilege Levels for Multiple Commands ......................................59

Setting Privilege Levels for All Commands in a Mode .......................59

Setting Privilege Levels for a Group of Commands ...........................60

Using the Order of Precedence .........................................................60

Superseding Privilege Levels with the all Keyword ...........................61

Removing the all Keyword ...............................................................61

Setting Default Line Privilege ..................................................................61

Viewing CLI Privilege Information ...........................................................62

Viewing the Current User Privilege Level ..........................................62

Viewing Privilege Levels for All Connected Users ..............................63

Viewing Privilege Levels for Changed CLI Commands ......................63

Using Help .....................................................................................................63

? (Question Mark Key) .............................................................................64

help Command .......................................................................................66

Partial-keyword <Tab> .........................................................................66

Using Command-Line Editing ........................................................................67

Basic Editing ...........................................................................................67

Command-Line Editing Keys ...................................................................67

Command History Keys ..........................................................................68

Pagination Keys ......................................................................................69

Accessing Command Modes ..........................................................................69

Exec Modes ............................................................................................86

Password Protection .........................................................................87

Global Configuration Mode .....................................................................88

Executing a Script File ......................................................................88

AAA Profile Configuration Mode .............................................................89

Address Family Configuration Mode .......................................................89

ATM VC Configuration Mode ...................................................................90

ATM VC Class Configuration Mode ..........................................................90

Classifier Group Configuration Mode .......................................................91

Color Mark Profile Configuration Mode ...................................................91

Control Plane Configuration Mode ..........................................................92

Controller Configuration Mode ................................................................92

DHCP Local Pool Configuration Mode .....................................................93

Domain Map Configuration Mode ...........................................................93

Domain Map Tunnel Configuration Mode ...............................................94

DoS Protection Group Configuration Mode .............................................94

Drop Profile Configuration Mode ............................................................95

Explicit Path Configuration Mode ............................................................95

Flow Cache Configuration Mode .............................................................96

Interface Configuration Mode .................................................................96

IP NAT Pool Configuration Mode .............................................................97

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JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

IP PIM Data MDT Configuration Mode ....................................................97

IP Service Profile Configuration Mode .....................................................98

IPSec CA Identity Configuration Mode ....................................................98

IPSec Identity Configuration Mode ..........................................................98

IPSec IKE Policy Configuration Mode ......................................................99

IPSec Manual Key Configuration Mode ...................................................99

IPSec Peer Public Key Configuration Mode ...........................................100

IPSec Transport Profile Configuration Mode ..........................................100

IPSec Tunnel Profile Configuration Mode ..............................................100

IP Tunnel Destination Profile Mode .......................................................101

IPv6 Local Pool Configuration Mode .....................................................102

L2 Transport Load-Balancing-Circuit Configuration Mode ......................102

L2TP Destination Profile Configuration Mode .......................................103

L2TP Destination Profile Host Configuration Mode ...............................103

L2TP Tunnel Switch Profile Configuration Mode ...................................103

Layer 2 Control Configuration Mode .....................................................104

Layer 2 Control Neighbor Configuration Mode ......................................104

LDP Configuration Mode .......................................................................105

Line Configuration Mode .......................................................................105

Local IPSec Transport Profile Configuration ..........................................106

Local User Configuration Mode .............................................................106

Map Class Configuration Mode ..............................................................107

Map List Configuration Mode ................................................................107

Parent Group Configuration Mode .........................................................107

Policy List Configuration Mode .............................................................108

Policy List Parent Group Configuration Mode ........................................108

Policy Parameter Configuration Mode ...................................................109

PPPoE Service Name Table Configuration Mode ...................................109

Profile Configuration Mode ...................................................................110

QoS Interface Set Configuration Mode ..................................................110

QoS Interface Superset Configuration Mode ..........................................110

QoS Parameter Definition Configuration Mode .....................................111

QoS Profile Configuration Mode ............................................................111

QoS Shared Shaper Control Configuration ............................................112

Queue Profile Configuration Mode ........................................................112

RADIUS Configuration Mode .................................................................113

RADIUS Relay Configuration Mode .......................................................113

Rate Limit Profile Configuration Mode ..................................................114

Redundancy Configuration Mode ..........................................................115

Remote Neighbor Configuration Mode ..................................................115

Route Map Configuration Mode ............................................................116

Router Configuration Mode ...................................................................116

RSVP Configuration Mode .....................................................................117

RTR Configuration Mode .......................................................................117

Scheduler Profile Configuration Mode ...................................................118

Service Session Profile Configuration Mode ..........................................118

SNMP Event Manager Configuration Mode ...........................................119

Statistics Profile Configuration Mode ....................................................119

Subinterface Configuration Mode ..........................................................119

Subscriber Policy Configuration Mode ..................................................120

Traffic Class Configuration Mode ..........................................................120

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Traffic Class Group Configuration Mode ................................................121

Tunnel Group Configuration Mode ........................................................121

Tunnel Group Tunnel Configuration Mode ............................................121

Tunnel Profile Configuration Mode .......................................................122

Tunnel Server Configuration Mode ........................................................122

VRF Configuration Mode .......................................................................123

VR Group Configuration Mode ..............................................................123

Chapter 3 Installing JUNOSe Software 125

Overview .....................................................................................................125

Identifying the Software Release File ....................................................126

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................127

Installing Software When a Firewall Exists ..................................................127

Task 1: Obtain the Required Information ..............................................127

Task 2: Divert Network Traffic to Another Router .................................128

Task 3: Access Privileged Exec Mode ....................................................128

Task 4: Configure IP on an Interface .....................................................128

Task 5: Copy the Release Files to the Network Host ..............................129

Task 6: Configure Access to the Network Host ......................................129

Task 7: Enable the FTP Server on the Router ........................................130

Task 8: Identify the Files to Transfer .....................................................130

Task 9: Transfer Files to the User Space ................................................131

Task 10: Install Files on the System Space ............................................131

Task 11: Save the Current Configuration ...............................................131

Task 12: Reboot the System .................................................................131

Installing Software When a Firewall Does Not Exist ....................................132

Installing Software in Normal Operational Mode ...................................132

Task 1: Obtain the Required Information .......................................133

Task 2: Divert Network Traffic to Another Router ...........................133

Task 3: Access Privileged Exec Mode .............................................133

Task 4: Configure IP on an Interface ..............................................133

Task 5: Configure Access to the Network Host ...............................134

Task 6: Copy the Release Files to the Network Host .......................135

Task 7: Copy the Software Release File to the Router .....................135

Task 8: Save the Current Configuration ..........................................136

Task 9: Reboot the System .............................................................136

Installing Software in Boot Mode ..........................................................137

Task 1: Obtain the Required Information .......................................137

Task 2: Divert Network Traffic to Another System ..........................137

Task 3: Access the Boot Mode ........................................................137

Task 4: Assign an IP Address ..........................................................138

Task 5: Configure Access to the Network Host ...............................138

Task 6: Resetting the SRP Module ..................................................138

Task 7: Copy the Release Files to the Network Host .......................138

Task 8: Copy the Software Release File to the Router .....................139

Task 9: Reboot the System .............................................................139

Copying Release Files from One Router to Another .....................................140

Upgrading Systems That Are Operating with Two SRP Modules ..................140

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JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Upgrading from Release 5.1.1 or Lower-Numbered Releases ......................142

Upgrading Software Remotely Through Telnet or FTP ..........................143

Upgrading Software from an NVS Card .................................................143

Upgrading a System That Contains One SRP Module .....................143

Upgrading a System That Contains Two SRP Modules ....................144

Downgrading JUNOSe Software ...................................................................144

Chapter 4 Configuring SNMP 147

Overview .....................................................................................................147

Terminology .........................................................................................148

SNMP Features Supported ....................................................................149

SNMP Client ..........................................................................................149

SNMP Server .........................................................................................150

SNMP MIBs ...........................................................................................150

Standard SNMP MIBs ......................................................................150

Juniper Networks E Series Enterprise MIBs .....................................150

Accessing Supported SNMP MIBs ...................................................150

SNMP Versions .....................................................................................150

Security Features ..................................................................................151

Management Features ..........................................................................152

Virtual Routers ......................................................................................153

Creating SNMP Proxy .....................................................................153

Disabling and Reenabling SNMP Proxy ..........................................154

Communicating with the SNMP Engine ................................................154

SNMP Attributes ....................................................................................155

SNMP Operations ..................................................................................155

SNMP PDU Types ..................................................................................156

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................156

References ..................................................................................................157

Before You Configure SNMP ........................................................................157

SNMP Configuration Tasks ..........................................................................158

Enabling SNMP .....................................................................................159

Configuring SNMP v1/v2c Community ..................................................159

Community Name ..........................................................................159

Privilege Levels ...............................................................................159

IP Access List ..................................................................................160

Configuring SNMPv3 Users ...................................................................160

Configuring SNMP Dynamic Groups and Views .....................................160

Setting Server Parameters .....................................................................161

Configuring SNMP Packet Size ..............................................................162

Configuring Memory Warning ..............................................................162

Configuring Encoding Method ...............................................................162

Managing Interface Sublayers ...............................................................163

Compressing Interfaces ..................................................................163

Controlling Interface Numbering ....................................................165

Monitoring Interface Tables ............................................................166

Configuring Traps ........................................................................................167

IP Hosts ................................................................................................167

Trap Categories .....................................................................................168

xiv ■ Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Trap Severity Levels ..............................................................................169

Specifying an Egress Point for SNMP Traps ...........................................174

Configuring Trap Queues ......................................................................174

Configuring Trap Notification Logs ........................................................175

Recovering Lost Traps ...........................................................................176

Configuring the SNMP Server Event Manager ..............................................177

Event MIB Purpose ...............................................................................177

Event MIB Structure ..............................................................................178

Trigger Table ..................................................................................178

Objects Table .................................................................................179

Event Table ....................................................................................179

Configuration Tasks ..............................................................................179

Defining a Boolean Test ..................................................................182

Defining an Existence Test .............................................................182

Defining a Threshold Test ...............................................................183

Monitoring Events .................................................................................189

Collecting Bulk Statistics ..............................................................................195

Interface Strings ....................................................................................196

Understanding Counter Discontinuity ...................................................198

Configuring Collectors and Receivers ....................................................199

Deleting All Bulkstats Configurations ....................................................204

Monitoring Collection Statistics .............................................................204

Understanding Schemas .......................................................................215

If-Stats Schema Objects ..................................................................215

IGMP Schema Objects ....................................................................217

Policy Schema Objects ...................................................................217

QoS Schema Objects ......................................................................218

Configuring Schemas ............................................................................220

Mapping Bulkstats Output to MIB Flies and CLI Configurations for Bulk

Statistics Schema ............................................................................223

Monitoring Schema Statistics ................................................................235

Configuring Interface Numbering Mode ................................................236

Using the Bulk Statistics Formatter ..............................................................237

Setting Remote Filenames ....................................................................237

Guidelines ......................................................................................238

Specifying End of Line Format ..............................................................238

Managing Virtual Routers ............................................................................238

Monitoring SNMP ........................................................................................239

Establishing a Baseline ..........................................................................239

Viewing SNMP Status ............................................................................240

Output Filtering ....................................................................................249

Chapter 5 Managing the System 251

Overview .....................................................................................................252

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................252

Naming the System .....................................................................................252

Configuring the Switch Fabric Bandwidth ....................................................253

Configuring Timing .....................................................................................253

Monitoring Timing ................................................................................255

Table of Contents ■ xv

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Using the CLI ...............................................................................................255

Managing vty Lines .....................................................................................258

Configuring vty Lines ............................................................................259

Monitoring vty Lines .............................................................................260

Clearing Lines ..............................................................................................261

Monitoring the Current Configuration ..........................................................261

Defining the Configuration Output Format ............................................262

Customizing the Configuration Output ..................................................266

Detecting Corrupt File Configurations ...................................................271

Automatically Recovering Corrupt Configuration Files ..........................272

Configuring the System Automatically .........................................................276

Saving the Current Configuration ................................................................277

Using the Desktop Tool for Viewing Uncompressed Text Configuration ......280

Installation Prerequisites for the Desktop Tool ......................................280

Requirements for Microsoft Windows Systems ..............................280

Requirements for Sun Solaris Systems ...........................................280

Requirements for Linux Systems ....................................................281

Usage Notes for the Perl Script ..............................................................281

Customizing the User Interface ...................................................................281

Setting the Console Speed .....................................................................282

Configuring the Display Terminal .........................................................282

Specifying the Character Set .................................................................283

Configuring Login Conditions ................................................................284

Setting Time Limits for User Login ........................................................284

Setting Time Limits for User Input ........................................................285

Configuring CLI Messages .....................................................................285

Monitoring the Console Settings ...........................................................287

Sending Messages .......................................................................................288

Managing Memory ......................................................................................290

Managing Files ............................................................................................290

Managing the User Space from a Network Host ....................................292

File Commands and FTP Servers ..........................................................293

Renaming Files .....................................................................................293

Deleting Files ........................................................................................294

Monitoring Files ....................................................................................296

Viewing Files .........................................................................................299

Transferring Files ........................................................................................300

References ............................................................................................301

Copying and Redirecting Files ...............................................................301

Using the copy Command .....................................................................302

copy Command Examples ....................................................................307

Using TFTP to Transfer Files .................................................................309

Configuring the FTP Server ...................................................................309

Features .........................................................................................309

FTP Passive Mode ..........................................................................309

Configuring Authentication .............................................................310

Configuration Tasks ........................................................................310

Configuration Example ...................................................................310

Monitoring the FTP Server ....................................................................312

Copying Partial Releases .......................................................................313

xvi ■ Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Configuring the NFS Client ..........................................................................316

References ............................................................................................316

Prerequisites .........................................................................................316

Configuration Tasks ..............................................................................316

Monitoring the NFS Client .....................................................................317

Using a Loopback Interface .........................................................................318

Using the Telnet Client ................................................................................318

Configuring DNS ..........................................................................................319

References ............................................................................................320

Assigning Name Servers .......................................................................320

Using One Name Resolver for Multiple Virtual Routers .........................322

Monitoring DNS ....................................................................................322

Troubleshooting the System ........................................................................323

Creating Core Dump Files .....................................................................323

Boot Mode ......................................................................................323

Global Configuration Mode .............................................................324

Managing Core Dump Files ...................................................................326

Enabling and Disabling the Core Dump Monitor .............................327

Specifying the Core Dump Monitor Interval ....................................328

Viewing Core Dump Monitor Status ................................................328

Accessing the Core Dump File ..............................................................329

Capturing and Writing Core Dumps ......................................................330

Understanding the Core Dump File .......................................................331

Tracking IP Prefix Reachability .............................................................332

Gathering Information for Customer Support ........................................333

Managing and Monitoring Resources ...........................................................335

Enabling and Disabling the Resource Threshold Monitor ......................335

Viewing Resource Threshold Information .............................................335

Monitoring the System ................................................................................337

Chapter 6 Managing Modules 355

Overview .....................................................................................................355

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................356

ERX7xx Models, ERX14xx Models, and the ERX310 Broadband Services

Router ............................................................................................356

Line Modules and I/O Modules .......................................................356

SRP Modules ..................................................................................356

E120 and E320 Broadband Services Routers ........................................357

Line Modules and IOAs ...................................................................357

SRP Modules and SFMs ..................................................................359

Disabling and Reenabling Line Modules, SRP Modules, and SFMs ...............360

Disabling and Reenabling IOAs ...................................................................362

Removing an SRP Module ...........................................................................363

Replacing Line Modules on ERX Routers, the E120 Router, and the E320

Router ...................................................................................................364

Replacing a Line Module by Erasing the Slot Configuration ...................365

Replacing a Line Module Without Erasing the Slot Configuration ..........366

Replacing IOAs on the E120 Router and the E320 Router ...........................368

Replacing SRP Modules and SFMs .........................................................368

Table of Contents ■ xvii

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Software Compatibility ................................................................................372

Line Modules ........................................................................................372

I/O Modules and IOAs ...........................................................................372

Configuring Performance Rate of Line Modules on ERX7xx Models and the

ERX1410 Router ...................................................................................373

Choosing a Combination of Line Modules .............................................373

Slot Groups .....................................................................................373

SRP Modules Bandwidth .................................................................374

Line Modules Bandwidth and Switch Usage ....................................374

Allowed Combinations for Line Rate Performance .........................375

Specifying the Type of Performance .....................................................376

Monitoring Bandwidth Oversubscription ...............................................377

Troubleshooting Bandwidth Oversubscription ......................................378

Managing Flash Cards on SRP Modules .......................................................378

Flash Features .......................................................................................378

Flash Features on the E120 Router and the E320 Router ......................379

Installing and Removing Flash Cards ....................................................380

Synchronizing Flash Cards ....................................................................381

Synchronizing Flash Cards of Different Capacities ..........................383

Disabling Autosynchronization .......................................................383

Validating and Recovering Redundant SRP File Integrity ......................384

Reformatting the Primary Flash Card ....................................................387

Copying the Image on the Primary SRP Module ....................................388

Scanning Flash Cards ............................................................................389

Monitoring Flash Cards .........................................................................391

Updating the Router with JUNOSe Hotfix Files ............................................392

Hotfix Compatibility and Dependency ..................................................393

Removing Hotfixes ...............................................................................394

Hotfixes and Backup Settings ................................................................394

Hotfixes and Standby SRP Modules ......................................................394

Hotfixes and Line Modules ....................................................................394

Monitoring Hotfixes ..............................................................................397

Example: Using and Monitoring Hotfixes .......................................400

Managing the Ethernet Port on the SRP Module ..........................................402

Monitoring Statistics .............................................................................403

Monitoring the Ethernet Configuration for the SRP Module ...................403

Enabling Warm Restart Diagnostics on Modules .........................................404

Enabling Warm Restart Diagnostics ......................................................405

Enabling Diagnostics .............................................................................406

Ignoring Diagnostic Test Failures .................................................................406

Monitoring Modules ....................................................................................408

Chapter 7 Passwords and Security 417

Overview .....................................................................................................417

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................417

Setting Basic Password Parameters .............................................................418

xviii ■ Table of Contents

Creating Encrypted Passwords ..............................................................418

Creating Secrets ....................................................................................419

Encrypting Passwords in Configuration File ..........................................419

Table of Contents

Commands and Guidelines ...................................................................419

Setting and Erasing Passwords ....................................................................421

Privilege Levels .....................................................................................421

Accessing Privilege Levels ..............................................................422

Setting Enable Passwords .....................................................................422

Erasing Enable Passwords ....................................................................422

Setting a Console Password ..................................................................424

Erasing the Console Password ..............................................................425

Monitoring Passwords ...........................................................................426

Vty Line Authentication and Authorization ..................................................427

Configuring Simple Authentication .......................................................427

Configuring AAA Authentication and AAA Authorization .......................430

Virtual Terminal Access Lists .......................................................................434

Secure System Administration with SSH .....................................................435

Transport ..............................................................................................436

User Authentication ..............................................................................437

Connection ...........................................................................................437

Key Management ..................................................................................437

User Key Management ...................................................................437

Host Key Management ...................................................................437

Performance .........................................................................................438

Security Concerns .................................................................................438

Before You Configure SSH ....................................................................439

SSH Configuration Tasks .......................................................................439

Configuring Encryption ..................................................................439

Configuring User Authentication .....................................................440

Configuring Message Authentication ..............................................442

Enabling and Disabling SSH ...........................................................443

Displaying SSH Status .....................................................................444

Terminating an SSH Session ...........................................................445

Restricting User Access ...............................................................................446

Restricting Access to Commands with RADIUS .....................................446

Per-User Enable Authentication ............................................................447

Restricting Access to Virtual Routers .....................................................447

VSA Configuration Examples ..........................................................448

Commands Available to Users ........................................................449

Denial of Service (DoS) Protection ...............................................................450

Suspicious Control Flow Detection ........................................................451

Suspicious Control Flow Monitoring ......................................................452

Configurable Options ............................................................................453

Display Options ....................................................................................453

Traps and Logs .....................................................................................453

Suspicious Control Flow Commands .....................................................454

Monitoring Suspicious Control Flow ......................................................456

Denial-of-Service Protection Groups ......................................................461

Group Parameters .................................................................................461

Attaching Groups ..................................................................................462

Protocol Mapping ..................................................................................462

DoS Protection Group Configuration Example ......................................465

DoS Protection Group Commands ........................................................466

Monitoring DoS Protection Groups ........................................................472

Table of Contents ■ xix

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Chapter 8 Writing CLI Macros 473

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................473

Writing Macros ............................................................................................473

Environment Commands ......................................................................475

Capturing Output of Commands ...........................................................476

Adding Regular Expression Matching to Macros ...................................476

Extracting a Substring Based on Regular Expression Matching .............477

Adding Global Variables for Availability to the onError Macro ...............477

Unique IDs for Macros ..........................................................................478

Accurate Use of Error Status When Accessed Ourside of onError

Macro .............................................................................................478

Variables ...............................................................................................479

Literals ..................................................................................................479

Operators ..............................................................................................480

Assignment ....................................................................................482

Increment and Decrement .............................................................482

String Operations ...........................................................................483

Extraction Operations ....................................................................483

Arithmetic Operations ..........................................................................484

Relational Operations .....................................................................484

Logical Operations ..........................................................................484

Miscellaneous Operations ...............................................................485

Conditional Execution ...........................................................................486

If Constructs ...................................................................................486

While Constructs ............................................................................487

Passing Parameters in Macros ..............................................................488

Generating Macro Output ......................................................................489

Invoking Other Macros .........................................................................489

Detecting and Recording Macro Errors ........................................................491

Detectable Macro Errors .......................................................................491

Logging Macro Results ..........................................................................492

Viewing Macro Errors ...........................................................................492

onError Macro Examples ......................................................................493

Detecting Invalid Command Formats .............................................493

Detecting Invalid Commands .........................................................494

Detecting Missing Macros ...............................................................495

Running Macros ..........................................................................................496

Scheduling Macros ......................................................................................499

Practical Examples ......................................................................................502

Configuring Frame Relay ......................................................................502

Configuring ATM Interfaces ..................................................................506

Chapter 9 Booting the System 509

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................509

Configuring Your System for Booting ..........................................................509

xx ■ Table of Contents

Booting the GE-2 Line Module ...............................................................510

Table of Contents

Rebooting Your System ...............................................................................514

Rebooting When a Command Takes a Prolonged Time to Execute .......516

Configuration Caching ..........................................................................517

Operations in Boot Mode .............................................................................517

Displaying Boot Information .......................................................................517

Output Filtering ....................................................................................520

Chapter 10 Configuring the System Clock 521

Overview .....................................................................................................521

NTP .......................................................................................................521

System Operation as an NTP Client ......................................................522

Synchronization .............................................................................523

System Operation as an NTP Server .....................................................524

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................524

References ..................................................................................................524

Setting the System Clock Manually ..............................................................525

Before You Configure NTP ...........................................................................527

Choosing NTP Servers ...........................................................................527

NTP Configuration Tasks .............................................................................527

Enabling NTP Services ..........................................................................527

NTP Client Configuration ......................................................................528

Directing Responses from NTP Servers ..........................................529

Refusing Broadcasts from NTP Servers ...........................................530

NTP Server Configuration .....................................................................530

Configuration Examples ........................................................................532

Monitoring NTP ...........................................................................................533

Chapter 11 Configuring Virtual Routers 539

Overview .....................................................................................................539

Default Virtual Router ...........................................................................539

Virtual Router Instances ........................................................................539

Routing Protocols ..................................................................................540

VPNs and VRFs .....................................................................................540

VPNs ..............................................................................................540

VRFs ...............................................................................................540

Platform Considerations ..............................................................................541

References ..................................................................................................541

Configuring Virtual Routers .........................................................................541

Monitoring Virtual Routers ..........................................................................545

Table of Contents ■ xxi

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Part 2 Reference Material

Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms 553

Appendix B References 571

RFCs ............................................................................................................571

Draft RFCs ...................................................................................................584

Other Software Standards ...........................................................................587

Hardware Standards ....................................................................................590

Part 3 Index

Index ...........................................................................................................595

xxii ■ Table of Contents

List of Figures

Part 1 Chapters

Chapter 1 Planning Your Network 3

Figure 1: Private Line Aggregation with the E Series Router ............................5

Figure 2: B-RAS Application .............................................................................6

Figure 3: Network Configuration Using a Bottom-Up Approach .......................7

Figure 4: E Series Router Support for Fractional T1/E1 Through T3/E3

Interfaces ................................................................................................11

Figure 5: Channelized T3 Interface Configuration Parameters .......................13

Figure 6: T3 Interface Configuration Parameters ...........................................14

Figure 7: SONET Interfaces ...........................................................................14

Figure 8: Parameters for T1 over DS3 Interface Configuration ......................15

Figure 9: Frame Relay Interface Design .........................................................17

Figure 10: Structure of Frame Relay Protocols ...............................................18

Figure 11: Serial Interface Configuration Parameters for a Frame Relay

Connection .............................................................................................18

Figure 12: E Series Router IP/ATM Access Connection ...................................19

Figure 13: Structure of the ATM Interface Design ..........................................19

Figure 14: Structure of ATM Protocol .............................................................20

Figure 15: ATM Interface Configuration Parameters ......................................20

Figure 16: IP/PPP Connections from the CPE on an E Series Router ..............21

Figure 17: Structure of PPP ...........................................................................21

Figure 18: PPP Interface Configuration Parameters .......................................21

Figure 19: Structure of Cisco HDLC Protocol .................................................22

Figure 20: Example of IP over Ethernet Stacking Configuration Steps ...........23

Chapter 2 Command-Line Interface 29

Figure 21: Command Mode Architecture .......................................................30

Chapter 5 Managing the System 251

Figure 22: Transferring System Files to the E Series Router .........................301

Figure 23: FTP Configuration Example ........................................................311

Figure 24: DNS Hierarchy Example .............................................................320

Chapter 7 Passwords and Security 417

Figure 25: Location of the Software Reset Button ........................................423

Figure 26: Typical Control Packet Processing ..............................................451

Chapter 10 Configuring the System Clock 521

Figure 27: Example of an NTP Hierarchy ....................................................522

Chapter 11 Configuring Virtual Routers 539

Figure 28: Virtual Routers ............................................................................540

List of Figures ■ xxiii

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

xxiv ■ List of Figures

List of Tables

About the Documentation xxvii

Table 1: Notice Icons ................................................................................xxviii

Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions ......................................................xxviii

Part 1 Chapters

Chapter 1 Planning Your Network 3

Table 3: Common Access/Uplink Pairings .......................................................5

Chapter 2 Command-Line Interface 29

Table 4: Redirect Operators ...........................................................................40

Table 5: Supported Regular Expression Metacharacters ................................42

Table 6: Help Commands ..............................................................................64

Table 7: Command-Line Editing Keys ............................................................67

Table 8: Command History Keys ...................................................................69

Table 9: Pagination Keys ...............................................................................69

Table 10: Command Mode Overview ............................................................70

Chapter 3 Installing JUNOSe Software 125

Table 11: Software Release Files .................................................................126

Table 12: Software Installation Procedure When a Firewall Exists ...............127

Table 13: Software Installation Procedure When a Firewall Does Not

Exist .....................................................................................................133

Table 14: Software Installation Procedure in Boot Mode ..............................137

Table 15: Release Compatibility ..................................................................142

Chapter 4 Configuring SNMP 147

Table 16: SNMP Terminology ......................................................................148

Table 17: Relationship Among Groups, Security Levels, and Views .............152

Table 18: SnmpEngineID Structure Object ..................................................154

Table 19: Relationship Between SNMPv1/v2c and SNMPv3 Attributes .........155

Table 20: SNMP Operations .........................................................................156

Table 21: SNMP PDU Types .........................................................................156

Table 22: Trap Severity Descriptions ...........................................................169

Table 23: Interface Strings ...........................................................................196

Table 24: Data Retrieved According to Schema ...........................................215

Table 25: if-stats Schema Objects ................................................................216

Table 26: IGMP Schema Objects ..................................................................217

Table 27: Policy Schema Objects .................................................................217

Table 28: QoS Schema Objects ....................................................................218

Table 29: Mapping Bulkstats Output to MIB Flies and CLI Configurations for

Policy Schema ......................................................................................224

Table 30: Mapping Bulkstats Output to MIB Flies and CLI Configurations for

QoS schema ..........................................................................................231

List of Tables ■ xxv

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Chapter 5 Managing the System 251

Table 31: Output Locations for Layer 2 and Layer 3 Interface

Configurations ......................................................................................262

Table 32: Categories of Router Settings .......................................................267

Table 33: Types of System Files and Corresponding Extensions ..................290

Table 34: FTP Commands That the System Supports ..................................292

Table 35: File Types You Can Rename ........................................................293

Table 36: File Types You Can Delete ...........................................................295

Table 37: File Types You Can Transfer Using the copy Command ...............303

Table 38: Chassis Slot Numbers Versus Hardware Slot Numbers .................331

Chapter 6 Managing Modules 355

Table 39: IOA Management Information .....................................................358

Table 40: Bandwidth Statistics for Line Modules ..........................................374

Table 41: Combinations of Line Modules for Line Rate Performance—SRP-10G

Module in an ERX7xx Model .................................................................375

Table 42: Combinations of Line Modules for Line Rate Performance—SRP-10G

Module in an ERX1410 Router ..............................................................376

Table 43: Combinations of Line Modules for Line Rate

Performance—SRP-5G+ Module in an ERX705 Router ........................376

Table 44: Supported Line Modules ..............................................................405

Chapter 7 Passwords and Security 417

Table 45: Commands Available at Different Privilege Levels .......................421

Table 46: CLI User Access Levels .................................................................446

Table 47: Juniper Networks–Specific CLI Access VSA Descriptions ..............447

Table 48: Juniper Networks–Specific Virtual Router Access VSA

Descriptions ..........................................................................................448

Table 49: Layer 2-Related Protocols ............................................................462

Table 50: IP-Related Protocols .....................................................................464

Chapter 8 Writing CLI Macros 473

Table 51: Environment Commands .............................................................475

Table 52: Macro Operators ..........................................................................480

Table 53: Operator Actions ..........................................................................480

Table 54: Contents of ds1mac.mac .............................................................503

Part 2 Reference Material

Appendix B References 571

Table 55: E Series RFCs ...............................................................................571

Table 56: E Series Draft RFCs ......................................................................584

Table 57: E Series Non-RFC Software Standards ..........................................587

Table 58: E Series Hardware Standards .......................................................590

xxvi ■ List of Tables

About the Documentation

■ E Series and JUNOSe Documentation and Release Notes on page xxvii

■ Audience on page xxvii

■ E Series and JUNOSe Text and Syntax Conventions on page xxvii

■ Obtaining Documentation on page xxix

■ Documentation Feedback on page xxix

■ Requesting Technical Support on page xxix

E Series and JUNOSe Documentation and Release Notes

For a list of related JUNOSe documentation, see

http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/software/index.html .

If the information in the latest release notes differs from the information in the
documentation, follow the JUNOSe Release Notes.

To obtain the most current version of all Juniper Networks® technical documentation,
see the product documentation page on the Juniper Networks website at

http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/.

Audience

This guide is intended for experienced system and network specialists working with
Juniper Networks E Series Broadband Services Routers in an Internet access
environment.

E Series and JUNOSe Text and Syntax Conventions

Table 1 on page xxviii defines notice icons used in this documentation.

E Series and JUNOSe Documentation and Release Notes ■ xxvii

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

Table 1: Notice Icons

Table 2 on page xxviii defines text and syntax conventions that we use throughout the
E Series and JUNOSe documentation.

DescriptionMeaningIcon

Indicates important features or instructions.Informational note

Indicates a situation that might result in loss of data or hardware damage.Caution

Alerts you to the risk of personal injury or death.Warning

Alerts you to the risk of personal injury from a laser.Laser warning

Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions

Represents commands and keywords in text.Bold text like this

Bold text like this

Fixed-width text like this

Represents text that the user must type.

Represents information as displayed on your
terminal’s screen.

Italic text like this

Emphasizes words.

■

Identifies variables.

■

Identifies chapter, appendix, and book

■

names.

Plus sign (+) linking key names

keys simultaneously.

Syntax Conventions in the Command Reference Guide

ExamplesDescriptionConvention

Issue the clock source command.

■

Specify the keyword exp-msg.

■

host1(config)#traffic class low-loss1

host1#show ip ospf 2

Routing Process OSPF 2 with Router
ID 5.5.0.250
Router is an Area Border Router
(ABR)

There are two levels of access: user and

■

privileged.

clusterId, ipAddress.

■

Appendix A, System Specifications

■

Press Ctrl + b.Indicates that you must press two or more

terminal lengthRepresents keywords.Plain text like this

| (pipe symbol)

xxviii ■ E Series and JUNOSe Text and Syntax Conventions

mask, accessListNameRepresents variables.Italic text like this

diagnostic | lineRepresents a choice to select one keyword
or variable to the left or to the right of this
symbol. (The keyword or variable can be
either optional or required.)

Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions (continued)

About the Documentation

ExamplesDescriptionConvention

[ internal | external ]Represent optional keywords or variables.[ ] (brackets)

[ ]* (brackets and asterisk)

that can be entered more than once.

Represent required keywords or variables.{ } (braces)

Obtaining Documentation

To obtain the most current version of all Juniper Networks technical documentation,
see the Technical Documentation page on the Juniper Networks Web site at

http://www.juniper.net/.

To download complete sets of technical documentation to create your own
documentation CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs, see the Offline Documentation page at

http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/resources/cdrom.html

Copies of the Management Information Bases (MIBs) for a particular software release
are available for download in the software image bundle from the Juniper Networks
Web site athttp://www.juniper.net/.

Documentation Feedback

[ level1 | level2 | l1 ]*Represent optional keywords or variables

{ permit | deny } { in | out }

{ clusterId | ipAddress }

We encourage you to provide feedback, comments, and suggestions so that we can
improve the documentation to better meet your needs. Send your comments to

[e-mail], or fill out the documentation feedback form at

https://www.juniper.net/cgi-bin/docbugreport/. If you are using e-mail, be sure to include

the following information with your comments:

■ Document or topic name

■ URL or page number

■ Software release version

Requesting Technical Support

Technical product support is available through the Juniper Networks Technical
Assistance Center (JTAC). If you are a customer with an active J-Care or JNASC support
contract, or are covered under warranty, and need post-sales technical support, you
can access our tools and resources online or open a case with JTAC.

■ JTAC policies—For a complete understanding of our JTAC procedures and policies,

review the JTAC User Guide located at

http://www.juniper.net/customers/support/downloads/7100059-EN.pdf .

Obtaining Documentation ■ xxix

JUNOSe 11.1.x System Basics Configuration Guide

■ Product warranties—For product warranty information, visit

http://www.juniper.net/support/warranty/ .

■ JTAC hours of operation—The JTAC centers have resources available 24 hours a

day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year.

Self-Help Online Tools and Resources

For quick and easy problem resolution, Juniper Networks has designed an online
self-service portal called the Customer Support Center (CSC) that provides you with
the following features:

■

Find CSC offerings: http://www.juniper.net/customers/support/

■

Search for known bugs: http://www2.juniper.net/kb/

■

Find product documentation: http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/

■ Find solutions and answer questions using our Knowledge Base:

http://kb.juniper.net/

■ Download the latest versions of software and review release notes:

http://www.juniper.net/customers/csc/software/

■ Search technical bulletins for relevant hardware and software notifications:

https://www.juniper.net/alerts/

■ Join and participate in the Juniper Networks Community Forum:

http://www.juniper.net/company/communities/

■

Open a case online in the CSC Case Management tool: http://www.juniper.net/cm/

To verify service entitlement by product serial number, use our Serial Number
Entitlement (SNE) Tool: https://tools.juniper.net/SerialNumberEntitlementSearch/

Opening a Case with JTAC

You can open a case with JTAC on the Web or by telephone.

■

Use the Case Management tool in the CSC at http://www.juniper.net/cm/ .

■ Call 1-888-314-JTAC (1-888-314-5822 toll-free in the USA, Canada, and Mexico).

For international or direct-dial options in countries without toll-free numbers, see

http://www.juniper.net/support/requesting support.html .

xxx ■ Requesting Technical Support