Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I
Hardware Guide
Intel Order Number: E33625-001
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ii Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Preface
This is the primary reference and user’s guide for the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I,
which can be used for SAS and SATA II disk drives. It contains installation instructions
and specifications.
For details on how to configure the storage adapters, and for an overview of the software
drivers, see the Software User’s Guide on the Resource CD.
Audience
This document assumes that you have some familiarity with storage disk controllers,
RAID technology, and related support devices. The people who benefit from this book
are:
• Engineers who are designing a RAID Controller SASMF8I storage adapter into a
• Anyone installing a RAID Controller SASMF8I storage adapter in a software RAID
system.
system.
Organization
This document includes the following chapters and appendixes:
• Chapter 1 provides a general overview of the Intel
• Chapter 2 describes the procedures for installing the RAID Controller SASMF8I
storage adapter.
• Chapter 3 provides the characteristics and technical specifications for the RAID
Controller SASMF8I storage adapter.
• Appendix A lists and explains the terms and abbreviations used in this manual.
Related Publication
The Software User’s Guide on the Resource CD that is included with the RAID controller.
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide iii
iv Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Contents
Preface ........................................................................................................................iii
Audience ............................................................................................................................... iii
Organization ......................................................................................................................... iii
Related Publication ............................................................................................................... iii
Chapter 1, Overview ...................................................................................................1
Summary of SAS RAID Controller Features ..........................................................................1
Usability ......................................................................................................................... 2
Redundancy and Error Handling ...................................................................................3
SAS and SATA Features ...............................................................................................4
Beep Codes ...................................................................................................................5
Benefits of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) ................................................................................ 5
Chapter 2, Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Installation ....................... 7
Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 7
Installation ..............................................................................................................................8
Connecting the Cables ........................................................................................................11
Configuring the Storage Adapter .........................................................................................11
Replacing a Controller .........................................................................................................12
Chapter 3, Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Characteristics ................................ 13
Technical Specifications ......................................................................................................14
Array Performance Features .......................................................................................14
Fault Tolerance ............................................................................................................15
Electrical Characteristics .............................................................................................16
Thermal and Atmospheric Characteristics ...................................................................16
Safety Characteristics ..................................................................................................16
A. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ............................................................... 17
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide v
vi Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Figures
Figure 1. Inserting the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I into a
PCI Express* Slot...................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 2. Attaching cables to the Intel
Figure 3. SAS and SATA Plugs and SAS Backplane Connector............................................ 11
Figure 4. Card Layouts............................................................................................................ 13
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I .......................................... 9
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide vii
viii Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Tables
Table 1. Jumper Descriptions ..................................................................................................13
Table 2. Specifications ............................................................................................................14
Table 3. Array Performance Features .....................................................................................14
Table 4. Fault Tolerance Features ..........................................................................................15
Table 5. Electrical Characteristics ...........................................................................................16
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide ix
1Overview
This chapter provides a general overview of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I. It
consists of the following sections:
• Summary of SAS RAID Controller Features
• Benefits of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)
The Intel
Express* SAS RAID controller and software RAID solution. It provides reliability, high
performance, and fault-tolerant disk subsystem management. This is an ideal RAID
solution for the internal storage needs of mid to low-end servers and workstations for use
by workgroups and departmental sized organizations or individu als. The RAID Controller
SASMF8I offers a cost-effective way to implement RAID in a server for internal storage.
The SAS controller allows you to use SATA II and SAS hard disk drives in the same
system, so you can take advantage of the benefits of each type of drive. The controller
supports up to eight devices including expander devices. See the ANSI SAS standard,
version 1.0 specification for more information about the use of expanders.
As the second generation PCI Express storage adapter, the RAID Controller SASMF8I
addresses the growing demand for increased data throughput and scalability requirements
across mid to low-end servers and workstations. Simplified cabling between drives is an
additional benefit.
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I Storage Adapter is a high-performance PCI
Summary of SAS RAID Controller Features
Note: In this document, the term low-profile refers to the height, not the length, of a PCI add-in
card.
®
The Intel
• An LSI 1068E SAS (including SATA) controller.
• Eight independent internal ports provided via two SFF8087 connectors.
• Support for both enterprise-class SAS devices and enterprise-class SATA II drives.
• Support for up to 8 SAS or SATA II drives and 40 logical drives.
• PCI Express* connector that fits into a x4 PCI Express slot capable o f 2.5 Gbps per
• 3.0 Gbps point-to-point transfer rate.
• Both a standard and a low-profile bracket.
1 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
RAID Controller SASMF8I is a low-profile SAS RAID adapter with:
lane over PCI Express x1, or x4.
Usability
The SAS controller supports the ANSI Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) standard, version 1.0.
In addition, the controller supports the Serial ATA (SATA) protocol defined by the Serial
ATA specification, version 1.0a. The SAS controller is a versatile controller that
supporting both the SAS and SATA interfaces and provides the backbone of both server
and high-end workstation environments.
Protocols supported include:
• Serial SCSI Protocol (SSP): Communication with other SAS devices.
• SATA II Protocol: Communication with other SATA II devices.
• Serial Management Protocol (SMP): Topology management information sharing with
expanders.
• Serial Tunneling Protocol (STP) support for SATA II through expander interfaces.
• Smaller, thinner cabling with serial point-to-point 3.0 Gbps data transfer rates.
• Allows mixed connections to SA S or SATA II targets.
• Support for non disk devices and mixed capacity drives.
• Support for software RAID levels 0, 1, 5, and 10.
• Global hot spare with auto rebuild if an array drive fails.
• Fixed RAID stripe size of 64 KB.
• Advanced array configuration and management utilities that provide:
— Drive migration.
— Drive roaming.
• An upgradeable Flash ROM interface.
• Allows for staggered spin up, hot plug, lower power consumption.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 2
• User specified rebuild rate (% of system resources to use from 0-100%).
Warning: Exceeding 50% rate may cause operating system errors caused by
waiting for controller access.
• Background operating mode can be set for rebuilds, consistency checks,and
initialization (auto restarting consistency check on redundant volumes).
Redundancy and Error Handling
• Enclosure management support, including LEDs.
• Activity and fault indicators per drive, port selector (dual-port drives).
• Drive coercion (auto resizing to match existing disks).
• Auto-detection of failed drives with transparent rebuild. Disk activity (I/O to the
drive) must be present for a missing drive to be marked as failed.
• Auto-resume on reboot of initialization or rebuild (must be enabled before virtual disk
creation).
• Smart initialization automatically checks consistency of virtual disks if there are five
or more disks in a RAID 5 array which optimizes performance by enabling readmodify-write mode. RAID 5 arrays of only three or overdrives use peer read mode.
• Smart Technology predicts failures of drives and electronic components.
• Commands are retried at least four times.
• Firmware provides best effort to recognize an error and recover from it if possible.
• Failures are logged from controller and drive firmware, SMART monitor, SAF-TE
controller.
• Failures are logged in Intel
• Multiple cache options provide choice of speed, redundancy:
— Disk Write Cache: The data written / (done) signal is returned when data is
written to the drive or only to the drive’s cache.
^ On (default): Write back mode enabled. Faster, because it doesn't wait for the
disk, but data will be lost if power is lost.
^ Off: Write-through mode enabled. Slower, but ensures data is on the disk.
— Read Ahead: Predicts the next read will be sequential and buffers this data into
the drive’s cache.
^ On: Read Ahead mode enabled. Faster in data sequential read mode but
slower in data random read mode.
^ Off: Non-Read Ahead mode enabled. Always reads from the drive after
determining the exact location of each read.
• Redundancy through:
— Configuration stored in nonvolatile RAM and on the drives (COD).
®
RAID Web Console 2; CIM, LEDs, and via alarm.
— Hot swap support.
3 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
SAS and SATA Features
• Provides eight independent PHY, each supporting 3.0 Gbps and 1.5 Gbps SAS and
SATA data transfers.
• Scalable interface that supports up to 8 direct attached SAS/ SATA devices or 8
logical devices.
• Transfers data using SCSI information units.
• Supports SSP to enable communication with other SAS devices.
• Supports SMP to communicate topology management information.
• Supports single PHY or wide ports consisting of 2, 3, or 4 PHY within a single quad
port.
• Allows addressing of multiple SATA targets through an expander if using SATA 2.0compliant hard disk drives.
• Allows multiple initiators to address a single target (in a fail-over configuration)
through an expander.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 4
Operating System Support
The RAID Controller SASMF8I supports major operating systems, including:
• Microsoft Windows Server 2008*, Microsoft Windows Server 2003*, and Microsoft
Windows XP*
• Red Hat* Enterprise Linux 4.0 and 5.0
• SuSe* Linux Enterprise Server 9 and 10
Note: The operating systems supported by this controller may not be supported by your server
board. See the tested operating system list for your server board at
http://support.intel.com/support/motherboards/server/. See also the tested hardware and
operating system list for the RAID Controller SASMF8I to make sure the RAID controller
supports your operating system.
Beep Codes
• Short beep, 1 second on, 1 second off: The array is degraded, but no data is lost
• Long beep, 3 seconds on, 1 second off: The array has failed and data has been lost.
• Short beep, 1 second on, 3 seconds off: Using hot spare in rebuild. The alarm will
continue during the rebuild with a different sound at completion.
T o disable the alarm, choose Disable Alarm. To disable the alarm only until the next event
or until the next power cycle, choose Silence Alarm. To enable the alarm, choose Enable
Alarm.
Benefits of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)
SAS is a serial, point-to-point, enterprise-level device interface that leverages the proven
SCSI protocol set. SAS is a convergence of the advantages of SATA, SCSI, and FC, and is
the future mainstay of the enterprise and high-end workstation storage markets. SAS
offers a higher bandwidth per pin than parallel SCSI, and improves signal and data
integrity.
The SAS interface uses the proven SCSI command set to ensure reliable data transfers,
while providing the connectivity and flexibility of point-to-point serial data transfers. The
serial transmission of SCSI commands eliminates clock skew challenges. The SAS
interface provides improved performance, simplified cabling, smaller connectors, lower
pin count, and lower power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI.
SAS controllers leverage a common electrical and physical connection interface that is
compatible with Serial ATA technology. The SAS and SATA protocols use a thin, 7-wire
connector instead of the 68-wire SCSI cable or 40-wire ATA cable. The SAS/SATA
connector and cable are easier to manipulate, allow connections to smaller devices, and do
5 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
not inhibit airflow. The point-to-point SATA architecture eliminates inherent difficulties
created by the legacy A TA master-slave architecture, while maintaining compatibility with
existing ATA firmware.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 6
2Intel
RAID Controller SASMF8I
Hardware Installation
This chapter describes the procedures used to install the Intel® RAID Controller
SASMF8I with internal connectors.
Requirements
The following items are required to install a RAID Controller SASMF8I:
®
•An Intel
• A host system with an available x4 bi-directional PCI Express* slot.
•The Resource CD, which contains drivers and documentation.
• The cables provided with the RAID controller.
• SAS or SATA II hard disk drives.
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I.
Intel Corporation strongly recommends using an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
7 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Installation
1. Power off the computer and all drives, enclosures, and system components. Remove
the power cord from the computer.
2. Remove the chassis cover and access the PCI Express add-in card slots. See your
server chassis documentation for instructions.
3. Align the controller’s connector with a x4 PCI Express* slot on the server board.
4. Press down gently but firmly to ensure that the card is properly seated in the slot, as
shown in Figure 1. Secure the bracket to the computer chassis.
Bracket Screw
Press
Here
Press
Here
Edge of
Main Board
Figure 1. Inserting the Intel
PCI Express* Slot (3.3V)
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I into a
32-bit Slots (3.3V)
64-bit Slot (3.3V)
AF002653
PCI Express* Slot
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 8
5. Connect the provided internal cables into the adapter using the 4-port combined end.
Make sure the controller and cables are properly attached. Plug the cable into
connector at the inside edge of the adapter.
2
Ports 0-3
Ports 4-7
1
®
Figure 2. Attaching cables to the Intel
Note: System throughput problems can occur if the SAS cables that come with the RAID
controller are not used. To minimize the potential for problems:
- Use cables no longer than ten meters for SAS and one meter for SATA. It is better to use
the shortest possible cables. The cable length should be reduced by about one foot (.33
meters) if using a backplane.
- You may connect one device per SATA/SAS cable either as a device or as an expander.
- Route SAS cables carefully.
- Use only “straight” SAS cables, not “cross-over” SAS cables.
6. Replace components you needed to remove to access the PCI Express add-in card
slot. See your server chassis documentation for instructions.
7. Reinstall the chassis cover and reconnect the power cord(s). See your server chassis
documentation for instructions.
8. Reconnect any peripheral items you needed to disconne ct.
9. Turn the power on to the server and hard drives. As the server powers up, listen to be
sure that the SAS and SATA devices are powered up before or at the same time as the
computer boots.
RAID Controller SASMF8I
9 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
10. Watch the boot process until you see a BIOS message to inform you of the key
combination to press to enter the RAID BIOS Configuration Utility. It will look
similar to the following message:
Press <CTRL><E> to run BIOS Console 2.
This message will time out after several seconds and pass the option to get into the BIOS
Configuration Utility.
The firmware takes several seconds to initialize and will then display the RAID Controller
SASMF8I number and firmware version. The numbering of the controllers follows the
PCI slot scanning order used by the server board.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 10
Connecting the Cables
This section describes the cables used on the SAS controller and provides instructions for
connecting SAS and SATA hard disk drives to the SAS RAID controller.
Note: Use only “straight” SAS cables, not “cross-over” SAS cables.
The cable supplied with the Intel
SAS backplane connection.
A SATA connector consists of a signal connector and a power connector. The SAS
connector adds a bridge (primary physical link) between the signal connector and the
power connector. This means SAS backplane connectors can accept either drive type, but
SATA backplane connectors can ONLY accept SATA drives. Figure 3 shows these
connectors.
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I is for SATA drives or a
Figure 3. SAS and SATA Plugs and SAS Backplane Connector
Configuring the Storage Adapter
After performing the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I installation, you must configure
the storage adapter and install the operating system driver. The Software User’s Guide
instructs you on the configuration options and how to set them on your RAID Controller
SASMF8I, and provides detailed installation instructions for operating system drivers.
11 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Replacing a Controller
Perform the following steps to replace a failed controller.
1. Power off the computer and all drives, enclosures, and system components. Remove
the power cord.
2. Remove the chassis cover and access the PCI Express* add-in card slots. See your
server documentation for instructions.
3. Disconnect the cable(s) from the RAID controller.
4. Remove the failed controller from the system.
5. Insert the replacement controller into the system. Follow the instructions under
Installation.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 12
3Intel
RAID Controller SASMF8I
Characteristics
This chapter describes the characteristics of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I.
Figure 4 displays the connectors and headers on the controller and Table 1 describes them.
®
Figure 4. Card Layout
s
Table 1. Jumper Descriptions
Jumper Description Type Comments
J1 Drive Fault LED
J2 Port activity LED
J4 Universal
J6 Internal SAS/SATA
J7 Internal SAS/SATA
J9 Keyed I
header
header
Asynchronous
Receiver/
Transmitter (UART)
port connector,
ports 4-7
port connector,
ports 0-3
2
C
connector
8x2 header LED signal support for front panel drive fault per
8 x 2
header
4-pin
connector
SFF8087 Connection to SAS/SATA devices.
SFF8087 Connection to SAS/SATA devices.
3-pin
connector
port.
LED signal for activity per port.
For factory and debug use
Out-of-band enclosure management (SES2)
13 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Technical Specifications
The design and implementation of the Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I minimizes
electromagnetic emissions, susceptibility to radio frequency energy, and the effects of
electrostatic discharge. See the appendices for regulatory marks and certifications.
Table 2 lists the specifications for the Intel
Table 2. Specifications
Specification Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I
Operating Voltage +3.3 V, +12 V
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I.
Card Size Low-profile MD2 PCI Express* adapter card size (6.600 inches by 2.713
Array Interface
to Host
SAS Bus Speed 3 GBps per port, point-to-point
SAS Controller One LSI SAS 1068 controller
SAS / SATA Ports 2x4 internal ports. Supports 8 SAS/SATA devices using expanders, 40
Firmware 2 MB in reflashable flash ROM
Compatible Devices Mixed capacity, mixed SATA II and SAS in different enclosures; non-disk
Cabling Small, thin cables do not restrict airflow; shared connectors for multiple
Redundant
Configuration
Enclosure
Management
inches)
PCI Express* Rev 1.0A, x4 lane width 2.5 Gbps
virtual disks
devices, including expanders.
drive types.
32 Kb NVRAM and config on disk (COD) store RAID configuration.
I2C out-of-band, SES2 in-band, SAF-TE (LEDs)
Array Performance Features
Table 3 shows the RAID Controller SASMF8I array performance features.
Table 3. Array Performance Features
Specification Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I
PCI Express* Host
Data Transfer Rate
Drive Data Transfer
Rate
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 14
2.5 Gigabit/s per lane
3 Gigabit/s per lane
Table 3. Array Performance Features
Specification Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I
Maximum
Scatter/Gathers
Maximum Size of I/O
Requests
Maximum Queue
Tags per Drive
Stripe Sizes 64 Kbyte
Maximum Number
of Concurrent
Commands
Support for Multiple
Initiators
Flexibility Drive migration
Background Services Rebuild, consistency check, and initialization
Cache Options Write-back or write-through, read ahead, and non-read ahead
Fault Tolerance
Table 4 shows the RAID Controller SASMF8I fault tolerance features.
26 elements
6.4 Mbytes in 64 Kbyte stripes
As many as the drive can accept
255
Yes
Table 4. Fault Tolerance Features
Specification Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I
Self Monitoring
Analysis and Reporting
Technology (SMART)
support
Drive Replacement Auto detection of hard drive failure; hot-plug, hot-swap. User set rebuild
Drive Rebuild Using
Hot Spares
Error Checking and
Indication
Power Conservation Staggered spin-up, lower power requirements.
Detects up to 70% of all predictable disk drive failures and monitors the
internal performance of all motors, heads, and drive electronics.
rate.
Automatic at drive failure;auto-resume of initialization or rebuild on
reboot
Parity generation and checking, automatic consistency checking;
activity and fault LEDs
15 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
Electrical Characteristics
This section provides the power requirements for the RAID Controller SASMF8I. Table 5
lists the maximum power requirements.
Table 5. Electrical Characteristics
PCI / PCI
PCI / PCI Express*
/ Express +12 V
N/A N/A 1 A 3.2 W 0° C to 45° C
PCI / +5.0 V
Express /
Express
+3.3 V
PCI PRSNT1# / 2#
Thermal and Atmospheric Characteristics
The thermal and atmospheric characteristics are:
• Relative humidity range: 5% to 90% non-condensing
• Maximum dew point temperature: 32° C
• Airflow must be at least 200 linear feet per minute (SFPM) to avoid operating above
the maximum ambient temperature
The storage and transit environment conditions are:
• Temperature range from -30° C to 80° C (dry bulb).
• Relative humidity range: 5% to 90% non-condensing
Safety Characteristics
Power
Operating
Range
Temperature
The RAID Controller SASMF8I meets or exceeds the requirements of UL flammability
rating 94 V0. Each bare board is also marked with the supplier name or trademark, type,
and UL flammability rating. For the boards installed in a PCI Express* bus slot, all
voltages are lower than the SELV 42.4 V limit.
The design and implementation minimizes electromagnetic emissions, susceptibility to
radio frequency energy, and the effects of electrostatic discharge. The adapter carries the
CE mark, C-tick mark, FCC self-certification logo, Canadian compliance statement,
Korean MIC, Taiwan BSMI, and Japan VCCI. The adapter meets the requirements of
CISPR Class B. Both the adapter is CCSA C22.2, No. 60950-1, UL60950-1 First Edition
listed accessory, UL filenumber E257743.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 16
A Glossary of Terms and
Abbreviations
BIOS Basic Input/Output System. Software that provides basic read/write capability.
Usually kept as firmware (ROM based). The system BIOS on a server board is used
to boot and control the system. The BIOS on your host adapter acts as an extension
of the system BIOS.
Configuration The way a computer is setup; the combined hardware co mp onents (computer,
monitor, keyboard, and peripheral devices) that make up a computer system, and the
software settings that allow the hardware components to communicate with each
other.
Device Driver A program that allows a microprocessor (through the operating system) to direct the
operation of a peripheral device.
Domain
Validation
EEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. A memory chip
External SAS
Device
Host The computer system in which a storage adapter is installed. It uses the storage
Host Adapter
Board (HAB)
Internal SAS
Device
Main Memory The part of a computer’s memory which is directly accessible by the CPU (usually
NVRAM Non-volatile Random Access Memory. An EEPROM (Electronically Erasable
Peripheral
Devices
A software procedure in which a host queries a device to determine its ability to
communicate at the negotiated data rate.
typically used to store configuration information. It provides stable storage for long
periods without electricity and can be reprogrammed. See NVRAM.
A SAS device installed outside the computer cabinet. These devices are connected
together using specific types of shielded cables.
adapter to transfer information to and from devices attached to the SCSI bus.
A circuit board or integrated circuit that provides a device connection to the
computer system.
A SAS device installed inside the computer cabinet. These devices are connected
together using an unshielded ribbon cable.
synonymous with RAM).
Read-Only Memory chip) used to store configuration information. See EEPROM.
A piece of hardware (such as a video monitor, disk drive, printer, or CD-ROM) used
with a computer and under the computer’s control. SCSI peripherals are controlled
through a SAS Intel
®
RAID Controller SASMF8I.
17 Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide
SAS Serial Attached SCSI. A serial, point-to-point, enterprise-level device interface that
leverages the proven SCSI protocol set. The SAS interface provides improved
performance, simplified cabling, smaller connections, lower pin count, and lower
power requirements when compared to parallel SCSI. SAS controllers leverage a
common electrical and physical connection interface that is compatible with Serial
AT A. The SAS controllers support the ANSI Serial Attached SCSI standar d , version
1.0. In addition, the controller supports the Serial ATA (SATA) protocol defined by
the Serial ATA specification, version 1.0a. Each port on the SAS RAID controller
supports SAS and SATA devices.
SAS Device Any device that conforms to the SAS standard and is attached to the SAS bus by a
SAS cable. This includes SAS storage adapters (host adapters) and SAS peripherals.
Intel® RAID Controller SASMF8I Hardware Guide 18
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