Intel R900531 User Manual

Intel® Wireless Gateway

User's Guide

July 9, 2001

Intel Corporation, 5200 N.E. Elam Young Parkway, Hillsboro, OR 97124-6497

Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document. Nor does Intel make any commitment to update the information contained herein.

Intel® Wireless Gateway is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.

†

Other product and corporate names may be trademarks of other companies and are used only for explanation and to the owners’ benefit, without

intent to infringe.

Patents

This product is covered by one or more of the following U.S. and foreign patents:

U.S. Patent No.

4,360,798; 4,369,361; 4,387,297; 4,460,120; 4,496,831; 4,593,186; 4,603,262; 4,607,156; 4,652,750; 4,673,805; 4,736,095; 4,758,717; 4,816,660; 4,845,350; 4,896,026; 4,897,532; 4,923,281; 4,933,538; 4,992,717; 5,015,833; 5,017,765; 5,021,641; 5,029,183; 5,047,617; 5,103,461; 5,113,445; 5,130,520; 5,140,144; 5,142,550; 5,149,950; 5,157,687; 5,168,148; 5,168,149; 5,180,904; 5,216,232; 5,229,591; 5,230,088; 5,235,167; 5,243,655; 5,247,162; 5,250,791; 5,250,792; 5,260,553; 5,262,627; 5,262,628; 5,266,787; 5,278,398; 5,280,162; 5,280,163; 5,280,164; 5,280,498; 5,304,786; 5,304,788; 5,306,900; 5,321,246; 5,324,924; 5,337,361; 5,367,151; 5,373,148; 5,378,882; 5,396,053; 5,396,055; 5,399,846; 5,408,081; 5,410,139; 5,410,140; 5,412,198; 5,418,812; 5,420,411; 5,436,440; 5,444,231; 5,449,891; 5,449,893; 5,468,949; 5,471,042; 5,478,998; 5,479,000; 5,479,002; 5,479,441; 5,504,322; 5,519,577; 5,528,621; 5,532,469; 5,543,610; 5,545,889; 5,552,592; 5,557,093; 5,578,810; 5,581,070; 5,589,679; 5,589,680; 5,608,202; 5,612,531; 5,619,028; 5,627,359; 5,637,852; 5,664,229; 5,668,803; 5,675,139; 5,693,929; 5,698,835; 5,705,800; 5,714,746; 5,723,851; 5,734,152; 5,734,153; 5,742,043; 5,745,794; 5,754,587; 5,762,516; 5,763,863; 5,767,500; 5,789,728; 5,789,731; 5,808,287; 5,811,785; 5,811,787; 5,815,811; 5,821,519; 5,821,520; 5,823,812; 5,828,050; 5,850,078; 5,861,615; 5,874,720; 5,875,415; 5,900,617; 5,902,989; 5,907,146; 5,912,450; 5,914,478; 5,917,173; 5,920,059; 5,923,025; 5,929,420; 5,945,658; 5,945,659; 5,946,194; 5,959,285; D305,885; D341,584; D344,501; D359,483; D362,453; D363,700; D363,918; D370,478; D383,124; D391,250; D405,077; D406,581; D414,171; D414,172

Invention No. 55,358; 62,539; 69,060; 69,187 (Taiwan); No. 1,601,796; 1,907,875; 1,955,269 (Japan); European Patent 367,298; 367,299; 367,300; 414,281; UK 2,072,832; France 81/03938; Italy 1,138,713

A63132-001

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

About This Document

Reference Documents

This guide refers to the following documents:

Part Number Document Title

A63132-001 Intel® Wireless Gateway Quick Install Guide

A63132-001 Intel® Wireless Gateway Regulatory Approval Guide

A63132-001 Internet Service Provider (ISP) Worksheet

Conventions

Keystrokes are indicated as follows:

ENTER

FUNC, CTRL, C

Press A+B press the indicated keys simultaneously.

Hold A+B press and hold the indicated keys while performing or waiting for another

Typeface conventions used include:

identifies a key.

identifies a key sequence. Press and release each key in turn.

function. Used in combination with another keystroke.

indicates mandatory parameters in syntax.

About This Document

[brackets]

GUI Screen text

Italics

Bold

Screen dialog

Screen text

Ter

Terminal text

minal text

TerTer

minal textminal text

URL

for command line, indicates available parameters; in configuration files,

brackets act as separators for options.

indicates the name of a control in a GUI-based application.

indicates the first use of a term, book title, variable or menu title.

indicates important user information, license provisions or warranty

conditions.

indicates screen dialog and user input options, and the exact syntax of items.

indicates text and data displayed in an application screen on a computer

monitor.

indicates text shown in a radio terminal LCD screen.

indicates a Uniform Resource Locator, such as a Web page address.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

iii

About This Document

This document uses the following for certain conditions or information:

indicates tips or special requirements.

indicates conditions that can cause equipment damage or data loss.

indicates a potentially dangerous condition or procedure that only product-trained personnel should attempt to correct or perform.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Contents

Copyright ................................................................................................................................ii

Patents.................................................................................................................................... ii

About This Document .........................................................................................iii

Reference Documents......................................................................................................... iii

Conventions .......................................................................................................................... iii

Chapter 1. Introduction............................................................................................................ 1

1.1 Infrastructure Mode: A WLAN with Access Points................................... 1

1.2 Peer-to-Peer Mode (Ad Hoc): A WLAN without Access Points ............. 1

1.3 Identifying a WLAN ....................................................................................... 1

Chapter 2. About the Intel® Wireless Gateway................................................................... 3

2.1 Features.......................................................................................................... 3

2.1.1 Security ...................................................................................................................... 3

2.1.2 Roaming .................................................................................................................... 4

2.1.3 Automatic Rate Selection and Rate Scaling ........................................................ 5

2.1.4 Antenna Diversity ..................................................................................................... 5

2.2 Using the Intel® Wireless Gateway on a Network ................................... 5

2.3 Local Area Network (LAN) System Requirements................................... 8

2.3.1 Wired Clients............................................................................................................. 8

2.3.2 Wireless Clients........................................................................................................ 9

2.3.3 Cable or xDSL Modem ............................................................................................ 9

2.3.4 Minimum Cable Requirements for the Intel® Wireless Gateway ...................... 9

2.4 LED Behavior................................................................................................. 9

2.5 Installation....................................................................................................... 9

Chapter 3. Installing the Intel® Wireless Gateway through a Wireless Connection.... 11

3.1 Before You Begin ........................................................................................ 11

Chapter 4. Configuring the Intel® Wireless Gateway....................................................... 13

4.1 Web Management Tool .............................................................................. 14

4.1.1 Starting the Web Management Tool.................................................................... 15

4.1.2 Navigating through the User Interface ................................................................ 15

4.1.3 Setup Wizard........................................................................................................... 16

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Contents

Time Settings .................................................................................................16

Wireless Settings ...........................................................................................16

Function Settings ...........................................................................................18

ISP Settings ...................................................................................................18

Additional ISP Settings ..................................................................................19

Save & Restart ...............................................................................................19

4.1.4 Device Status.......................................................................................................... 20

4.1.5 Device Information ................................................................................................. 20

4.1.6 Advanced Settings ................................................................................................. 20

DHCP Server Settings ...................................................................................20

Virtual Server Settings ...................................................................................22

Access Control Settings.................................................................................22

Static Routing.................................................................................................23

Dynamic Routing............................................................................................24

Password Settings .........................................................................................25

4.1.7 System Tools .......................................................................................................... 25

Intruder Detection Log ...................................................................................25

Display Routing Table ....................................................................................25

System Diagnostics .......................................................................................26

Save Settings .................................................................................................26

Load Settings .................................................................................................26

Upgrade Firmware .........................................................................................27

Reset Device..................................................................................................27

4.1.8 Troubleshooting for the Web Management Tool ............................................... 27

4.2 Intel® Wireless Gateway Manager........................................................... 29

4.3 Using Telnet ................................................................................................. 29

4.4 Using a Console Serial Port....................................................................... 29

Chapter 5. Glossary ............................................................................................................... 31

Chapter 6. Customer Support .............................................................................................. 35

6.1 Intel Automated Customer Support.......................................................... 35

6.1.1 Web and Internet Sites .......................................................................................... 35

6.1.2 Customer Support Technicians............................................................................ 35

6.2 Intel Software License Agreement............................................................ 35

6.3 Limited Hardware Warranty....................................................................... 37

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

6.3.1 Returning a Defective Product ............................................................................. 38

6.3.2 Limitation of Liability and Remedies.................................................................... 38

6.4 Product Registration ................................................................................... 39

Chapter 7. Regulatory Compliance Information................................................................ 41

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

vii

Chapter 1. Introduction

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network in one location. Users at that location share files, printers, and other services. In a LAN, a networked computer that requests services is called a client. A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a type of LAN that uses high frequency radio waves rather than wires to communicate and transmit data among the network clients and devices. It is a flexible data communication system implemented as an extension to, or as an alternative for, a wired LAN.

In a WLAN, wireless adapters are installed in clients, also called wireless clients. The adapter allows the wireless client to communicate with the WLAN without cables. Instead, wireless clients send and receive information through a path in the air called a channel.

The standards for a WLAN are based on the IEEE 802.11b standard. All Intel 802.11b-compliant devices interoperate with other 802.11b-compliant wireless devices from other vendors. The WiFi certification logo indicates that the wireless device has been tested by an independent organization and is 802.11b-compliant.

A wireless client operates in either infrastructure mode or peer-to-peer mode.

1.1 Infrastructure Mode: A WLAN with Access Points

In infrastructure mode, wireless clients send and receive information through one or more access points. Access points are strategically located within an area to provide optimal coverage for wireless clients. Access points and wireless clients constitute a WLAN.

Access points can be connected to a LAN of wired or wireless clients. The access points send and receive information from the LAN through this connection.

An Extended Service Set Identifier (ESSID) is used to identify the wireless clients and access points in a WLAN. All wireless clients and access points in the WLAN must use the same ESSID. A Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) uniquely defines each wireless client and access point.

1.2 Peer-to-Peer Mode (Ad Hoc): A WLAN without Access Points

In peer-to-peer mode, wireless clients directly send and receive information to other wireless clients without using an access point. In contrast to infrastructure mode, this type of WLAN does not contain access points; therefore, a WLAN operating in peer-to-peer mode does not apply to the Intel® Wireless Gateway.

1.3 Identifying a WLAN

An ESSID and BSSID are both Service Set Identifiers (SSID) that identify and control the wireless client’s access to a given WLAN. The SSID is sometimes referred to as the network name. For simplicity, this guide refers to an ESSID and BSSID as simply an SSID. The SSID indicates what WLAN you are referring to. In most cases, the user interface displays the SSID.

When installing an access point or wireless adapter in a wireless client, the installation program asks you to enter the SSID. Intel cannot provide you with this information, as it is specific to your network; although, you may choose to use the default SSID, 101, for the Intel® Wireless Gateway.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Chapter 1. Introduction

All wireless clients and access points in a WLAN must use the same network name. The section Configuring the Intel® Wireless Gateway explains how to specify the SSID for the Intel® Wireless Gateway.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Chapter 2. About the Intel® Wireless Gateway

The Intel® Wireless Gateway functions as an IEEE 802.11b-compliant wireless access point and broadband router for residential and business environments. It can also operate as a wireless access point only. As an access point, the Intel® Wireless Gateway communicates with wireless clients via radio frequency channels. It connects with wired clients through a LAN port and with the Internet through a cable or xDSL modem.

The Intel® Wireless Gateway supports up to 252 clients. Up to 16 of the 252 clients can be wireless. The built-in Ethernet wireless access point runs at 11 Megabits per second (Mbps), and the LAN (wired) port runs at 10/100 Mbps. The range of wireless coverage for indoor use is up to 300 feet and up to 1500 feet for outdoor use. The Network Address Translation (NAT) feature allows 64 clients to simultaneously communicate out to the Internet.

The Intel® Wireless Gateway provides the following protocols and features:

• Nework Address Translation (NAT)

• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

• Virtual Private Networking (VPN)

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP 1 and RIP 2)

• Virtual server properties

The last four features are described in the next section. Refer to Configuring the Intel® Wireless Gateway or Glossary for information on the other protocols and features.

2.1 Features

2.1.1 Security

In a WLAN, wireless clients and access points send and receive information through the air. Without implementing security, it is possible for an unauthorized person to intercept the information.

A common way of implementing security and protecting information is encryption. Encryption applies a set of instructions, called an algorithm, to information. The instructions combine the

plain or clear text of information with a sequence of hexadecimal numbers, called an encryption key.

Before transmitting information over the airwaves, the wireless client or access point encrypts or scrambles the information. The access point or wireless client receiving the information uses the same key to decrypt or unscramble the information. The information is only readable to WLAN devices that have the correct encryption key. The longer the key is, the stronger the encryption.

The form of data encryption used by the Intel® Wireless Gateway is called Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP). When encryption is enabled, you must set the WEP key in the client to match the

• Encryption

• Roaming

• Automatic Rate Selection and Rate Scaling

• Antenna Diversity

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Chapter 2. About the Intel® Wireless Gateway

WEP key used by the access point because you will ONLY associate to access points that have a matching WEP Key. For added security, change the encryption key often. WEP, or encryption, is an optional feature that can be enabled or disabled.

There are two WEP encryption methods: 64(40)-bit and 128-bit. 40-bit and 64-bit encryption are identical. Some vendors use the term 40-bit; others use 64-bit. A wireless device that claims to have 40-bit encryption interoperates with a device that claims to have 64-bit encryption, and vice versa. A 64(40)-bit key consists of 10 hexadecimal numbers in two five-digit groups, arrayed as follows:

Key #1: 10111 21314 Key #2: 20212 22324 Key #3: 30313 23334 Key #4: 40414 24344

A 128-bit key has several trillion times as many possible combinations than a 64(40)-bit key. It consists of 26 hexadecimal numbers arranged in two five-digit groups and four four-digit groups, arrayed as follows:

Key #1: 10111 21314 1516 1718 191A 1B1C Key #2: 20212 22324 2526 2728 292A 2B2C Key #3: 30313 23334 3536 3738 393A 3B3C Key #4: 40414 24344 4546 4748 494A 4B4C

All wireless clients and access points in a WLAN must use the same encryption method and key. The following two examples stress how important this point is.

Example 1

The encryption method for an access point is 64(40)-bit. The method for a wireless client is 128bit encryption. The client and access point cannot communicate with each other, even though the selected key is the same. To resolve this problem, set the access point to use 128-bit encryption.

Example 2

The encryption method is the same for the access point and wireless client. You select key 1 for the access point and key 2 for the wireless client. The wireless client cannot communicate with the WLAN. To resolve this problem, select key 1 for the wireless client.

Use the same key and encryption method for the wireless devices in the WLAN. Otherwise, they cannot communicate with each other.

2.1.2 Roaming

Roaming is the capability of wireless clients to move seamlessly about an area that is covered by more than one wireless access point.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Chapter 2. About the Intel® Wireless Gateway

The wireless access points are arranged in a grid or micro-cell configuration, providing overlapping coverage areas. Each Intel® Wireless Gateway must be connected to the wired network to enable this capability. Wireless clients can then travel anywhere throughout the microcell coverage area without losing their connections. The number of access points is virtually unlimited; therefore, the size or shape of the coverage area is unliimited. Simply add more access points to provide coverage to the areas desired.

The roaming feature is automatically built-in to the Intel® Wireless Gateway; thus, it is not necessary to configure the roaming for the access point. When configuring your access points set the channels to 1, 6 or 11. These are referred to as non-overlapping channels. Stagger the channels so that no two adjacent access points are configured for the same channel. When a wireless client moves, or roams, about the coverage area, it automatically detects the channel and connects to the respective access point in its coverage area.

For additional information on channel selection and multiple access point placement, go to

www.intel.com/support

2.1.3 Automatic Rate Selection and Rate Scaling

Wireless network adapters and access points can transmit data at one of the following rates: 11,

5.5, 2, or 1 Mbps. As the distance between an adapters and access point increases or decreases, the data rate automatically changes. Other factors, like interference, also affect the data rate. This capability is called rate scaling. Rate scaling maintains optimal communication between wireless clients and the WLAN.

2.1.4 Antenna Diversity

Antenna diversity refers to how wireless network adapters and access points deal with multi-path interference. Multi-path interference is the reflection of the radio frequency (RF) signal by metal or other objects. This type of interference is common in an RF environment.

Access points receive multiple signals: the direct actual signal, and one or more reflected signals. The reflected signal is out-of-phase and arrives later than the direct signal. Thus, the optimal signal for processing is the direct signal.

The Intel® Wireless Gateway performs diversity with its two antennae by determining which is the direct signal. This signal is then processed instead of the reflected signal. With the diversity feature, the Intel® Wireless Gateway provides better data throughput and reliability.

2.2 Using the Intel® Wireless Gateway on a Network

There are several ways to implement the Intel® Wireless Gateway on a network. A basic implementation is shown in Figure 1.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Chapter 2. About the Intel® Wireless Gateway

Figure 1. Basic LAN with Wired and Wireless Clients

Wired Client

ISP and

the Internet

Red Cross-over Cable

Cable Modem/DSL Box

Wireless Gateway

Intel

Wireless Client

When a wired client is connected to the LAN port of the Intel® Wireless Gateway, a crossover cable is required.

If more than one wired client is connected to the LAN port, implement the WLAN as shown in figure below.

Figure2. LAN with Multiple Wired and Wireless Clients

Hub

ISP and

the Internet

Wired Client

Cable Modem/DSL Box

Wireless Client

Wireless Gateway

Intel

In situations where more than one access point is required, implement the WLAN as shown in the following two examples.

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

Chapter 2. About the Intel® Wireless Gateway

Figure 3. LAN with Multiple Access Points, Wired Clients, and Wireless Clients, Scenario 1

ISP and

the Internet

Intel

Floor

Cable Modem/DSL Box

Wireless Gateway

Floor

Wired Client

Wireless Client

Intel® Wireless Gateway User's Guide

+ 35 hidden pages