IBM X20 21 Service Manual
i
note
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under
Chapter 1, “Safety information” on page 1, and “Notices” on page 60.
First Edition (June 2000)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are
inconsistent with local law:
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE LIMITED
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This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements
or changes in the products or the programs described in this publication at any time.
Requests for technical information about IBM products should be made to your IBM Authorized Dealer or your IBM
Marketing Representative.
Copyright International Business Machine Corporation 2000. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government
Users — Documentation related to restricted rights — Use, duplication, or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth
in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
Contents
Chapter 1. Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 2. Handling the ThinkPad computer .......... 7
ThinkPad do not's ........................... 8
ThinkPad do's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Cleaning your computer ....................... 12
Carrying your computer ....................... 13
Extending the usefulness of the battery .............. 14
Chapter 3. System overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Using your Online User's Guide .................. 19
Starting the BIOS Setup Utility ................... 20
Chapter 4. Protecting your computer ............ 23
Using passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Power-on passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Screen-saver passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Hard-disk passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Windows password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Supervisor password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Network password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Passwords and standby mode .................. 26
Using the locks ............................ 28
Attaching the mechanical lock .................. 28
Chapter 5. Solving Computer Problems ............ 29
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Error codes or messages .................... 30
No error codes or messages .................. 33
Power switch problems ...................... 34
Input problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Standby or hibernation problems ................ 36
LCD problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Battery problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Copyright IBM Corporation 2000 iii
Hard disk drive problems ..................... 41
Software problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Other problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Testing your computer ........................ 45
Backing up your system ....................... 46
Backing up your system configuration ............. 46
Backing up your data ....................... 46
Recovering lost or damaged software ............. 47
Getting Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
ThinkPad Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Recording sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Appendix A. Product warranties and notices ........ 55
Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Year 2000 readiness and instructions ............. 60
Electronic emission notices ................... 61
Telecommunication notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
iv
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Chapter 1. Safety information
Electric current from power, telephone, and communication cables is
hazardous. To avoid shock hazard, connect and disconnect cables
as shown below when installing, moving, or opening the covers of
this product or attached devices. If a 3-pin power cord is provided
with this products, it must be used with a properly grounded outlet.
To Connect
Turn everything OFF.
To Disconnect
Turn everything OFF.
First, attach all cables to devices.
Attach the signal cables to the
receptades
Attach the power cord to an
outlet.
Turn the device ON
First, remove the power coed
from the outlet.
Remove the signal cables from
the receptades.
Remove all cables from device.
Copyright IBM Corporation 2000 1
DANGER
Reduce the risk of fire and electric shock by always following basic safety precautions, including the following:
Do not use your computer in or near water.
During electrical storms:
– Do not use your computer with the telephone
cable connection.
– Do not connect the cable to or disconnect it from
the telephone outlet on the wall.
2 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
DANGER
If the rechargeable battery pack is incorrectly replaced,
there is danger of an explosion. The battery pack contains a small amount of harmful substances. To avoid
possible injury:
Replace only with a battery of the type recommended
by IBM.
Keep the battery pack away from fire.
Do not expose it to water or rain.
Do not attempt to disassemble it.
Do not short-circuit it.
Keep it away from children.
Do not put the battery pack in trash that is disposed of
in landfills. When disposing of the battery, comply with
local ordinances or regulations and your company's
safety procedures. In the United States, call IBM at
1-800-IBM-4333 for information on disposal.
Chapter 1. Safety information 3
DANGER
There is danger of an explosion if the backup battery is
incorrectly replaced.
The lithium battery (IBM P/N 02K6715 UL-recognized
component (file no. MH12566)) contains lithium and can
explode if it is not properly handled or disposed of.
Replace only with a battery of the same type.
To avoid possible injury or death, do not: (1) throw or
immerse the battery into water, (2) allow it to heat to
more than 100 deg C (212 deg F), or (3) attempt to repair
or disassemble it. Dispose of it as required by local ordinances or regulations and your company's safety standards.
DANGER
Follow the instruction below when installing or reconfiguring the Mini PCI option.
To avoid shock hazard, disconnect all the cables and the
ac adapter when you install the Mini PCI option or open
the covers of the system or attached devices. Electrical
current from power, telephone, and communication
cables is hazardous.
4 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
CAUTION:
When you have added or upgraded a Mini PCI Card or a
memory card, do not use your computer until you have closed
the access cover. Never use the computer with the access cover
open.
Before moving or installing a Mini PCI Card or memory card,
remove the main battery pack of the computer. Some circuit in
the computer remain closed even if the power seems to be off.
Remove the ac adapter before remove the main battery pack.
CAUTION:
The fluorescent lamp in the liquid crystal display (LCD) contains
mercury. Do not put it in trash that is disposed of in landfills.
Dispose it as required by local ordinances or regulations.
The LCD is made of glass. Rough handling or dropping the
computer may cause the LCD to break.The LCD is made of
glass. Rough handling or dropping the computer can cause the
LCD to break. If the LCD breaks and the internal fluid gets into
your eyes or on your hands, immediately wash the affected
areas with water for at least 15 minutes; if any adverse symp-
toms after washing, get medical care.
CAUTION:
To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or cable with a
higher ratihg.
Chapter 1. Safety information 5
6 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
Chapter 2. Handling the ThinkPad computer
Notebook computers are precision electronic devices that require
careful handling. although your computer is function reliably in
normal work environments, you need to use some common sense in
handing it.
This section provides tips for handling notebook computers in
general. Some descriptions might not suit your situation.
Check your shipping checklist to confirm the items you get with your
computer.
By following these handling tips, you will get the most use and enjoy-
ment out of your computer for a long time to come.
Copyright IBM Corporation 2000 7
ThinkPad do not's
ThinkPad do not's
Do not subject your computer to physical punishment, such as
dropping or bumping.
Do not place heavy objects on your computer.
Do not spill or allow liquids into your computer.
Do not use your computer in or near water (to avoid the danger
of electrical shock).
Do not pack your computer in a tightly packed suitcase or bag.
Your LCD might be damaged.
A scratchlike marking on your LCD might be a stain transferred from
the keyboard (including from the TrackPoint stick) when the cover
was pressed from the outside. Wipe such a stain gently with a dry
soft cloth. If the stain remains, moisten the cloth with LCD cleaner
and wipe the stain again. Be sure to dry the LCD before closing it.
Do not disassemble your computer. Only an authorized IBM
ThinkPad repair technician should disassemble and repair your
computer.
Do not scratch, twist, hit, or push the surface of your computer
display.
Do not place any objects between the display and the keyboard
or under the keyboard.
Do not pick up or hold your computer by the display. When
picking up your open computer, hold it by the bottom (keyboard)
half.
Do not modify or tape the latches to keep the display open or
closed.
Do not turn your computer over while the ac adapter is plugged
in. This could break the adapter plug.
Do not move the computer when the hard disk drive is accessing
data (when the indicator is blinking).
Do not use or store your computer where the temperature is
below 5° C or above 35° C (41° F and 95° F).
8 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
ThinkPad do not's
Do not place your computer closer than 13 cm (5 in.) to any
electrical appliance that generates a strong magnetic field, such
as a motor, a magnet, a TV, a refrigerator, or large audio
speakers.
Do not put an operating cellular phone on the computer. The
phone might cause the computer to malfunction.
Do not hard-mount your computer in a vehicle or anywhere that it
is subject to strong vibration.
Do not crush, drop, or physically punish the external or remov-
able hard disk, diskette, or CD-ROM drive when it is outside your
computer.
Do not press on the middle part of the diskette drive or the
CD-ROM drive.
Do not insert a diskette at an angle. Inserting the diskette at an
angle into the drive can damage the drive.
Do not attach more than one label to a diskette, and do not allow
the label to be come loose. Multiple or loose labels can detach or
tear and then lodge in the drive.
Do not touch the lens on the CD-ROM tray.
Do not close the CD-ROM tray until you hear the CD click into
the center pivot of the CD-ROM drive
Do not touch the surface of a CD; handle the CD only by its
edges.
Do not connect the modem to a PBX (private branch exchange)
or other digital telephone extension line. Your computer can
use only a public-switched telephone network (PSTN). Use of
a phone line other than PSTN can damage your modem. If you
are not sure which kind of phone line you are using, contact your
telephone company. Many hotels or office buildings use digital
telephone extension lines, so check before connecting the telephone cable in such places.
Do not leave the base of your computer in contact with your lap
or any part of your body for an extended period when the computer is functioning or when the battery is charging. Your computer dissipates some heat during normal operation. This heat is
a function of the level of system activity and battery charge level.
Chapter 2. Handling the ThinkPad computer 9
ThinkPad do not's
Extended contact with your body, even through clothing, could
cause discomfort or, eventually, a skin burn.
10 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
ThinkPad do's
ThinkPad do's
Treat your computer like precision electronic machinery.
When installing your hard disk drive, diskette drive, or CD-ROM
drive, follow the instructions in the online book. Apply pressure to
the drive only where needed on the device.
If you exchange drives in your computer, reinstall the plastic
bezel faces (if supplied).
Store your external and removable hard disk, diskette, and
CD-ROM drives in the appropriate container or packaging when
they are not being used.
Choose a quality carrying case that will protect your computer.
Store packing materials safely out of reach of children to prevent
the risk of suffocation from plastic bags.
Register your ThinkPad products with IBM (refer to the Web
page: http://www.pc.ibm.com/register). This can help authorities
return your computer to you if it is lost or stolen. Registering your
computer also enables IBM to notify you about possible
upgrades.
Check the IBM Web page (http://www.ibm.com/thinkpad) period-
ically to get current information about your computer.
Chapter 2. Handling the ThinkPad computer 11
Cleaning your computer
Cleaning your computer
Occasionally clean your computer as follows:
Use a soft cloth moistened with nonalkaline detergent to wipe the
Don't spray cleaner directly on the display or keyboard.
Gently wipe the LCD with a dry, soft cloth.
exterior of the computer.
12 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
Carrying your computer
When carrying your computer, follow these instructions to prevent
possible damage to it and your data:
1. Remove any media from the CD-ROM drive or diskette drive.
2. Turn off all attached devices.
3. Turn off the computer, or enter suspend or hibernation mode;
4. Unplug all external cables and cords connected to your com-
5. Make sure all computer doors and covers are closed.
6. Use a quality carrying case that provides adequate cushion and
Carrying your computer
then close the LCD. Make sure the suspend indicator is on when
the computer is in suspend mode, or the power indicator is off
when it is turned off or in hibernation mode.
puter.
protection.
Do not move the computer when the hard disk drive is accessing
data that is, when the indicator is blinking. Make sure the indicator is
off before you carry the computer.
Chapter 2. Handling the ThinkPad computer 13
Extending the usefulness of the battery
Extending the usefulness of the battery
The amount of battery power consumed by your computer depends
on such conditions as the frequency of use, the operating temperature, and the period in storage (if unused). The following tips can
help you to extend the life of your battery:
Do not recharge the battery pack until all of its power is used.
Recharging a battery pack that is not completely discharged can
shorten battery life.
Once you start charging the battery pack, do not use it until it is
fully charged.
Whenever possible use the ThinkPad battery power-saving
modes.
Decrease the brightness of the LCD.
Use power management. Each operating system comes with its
power management system.
Whenever the internal serial devices(the modem and the serial
port) are not in use, stop the supply of power to them.
If you will not use the computer for a long period, remove the
battery pack and keep it in a cool place.
14 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
Chapter 3. System overview
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Using your Online User's Guide .................. 19
Starting the BIOS Setup Utility ................... 20
Copyright IBM Corporation 2000 15
Features
Features
Processor
Intel Celeron processor, or Intel SpeedStep Mobile
PentiumΙΙΙ processor
Memory
Built-in: 64MB or 128MB depending on model
Maximum: 320MB
Storage devices
2.5-inch hard disk drive
Display
The color display uses TFT technology
1. XGA
Up to 1024-by-768 resolution on the 12.1-inch LCD
Up to 1600-by-1200 resolution on an external monitor
Brightness control
2. SVGA
Up to 800-by-600 resolution on the 12.1-inch LCD
Up to 1600-by-1200 resolution on an external monitor
Brightness control
Keyboard
85-key, 86-key, or 90-key
TrackPoint pointing device
Fn key function
ThinkPad Button
Volume buttons
16 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
Features
External interface
External-monitor connector
PC Card slot (Type I, Type II, Type II Plus)
Type II Compact Flash slot
Headphone jack, Microphone jack (supports a condenser microphone
with the type of connector that is shown circled in the following illustration)
Line-in jack
Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector
Telephone connector (available if the modem Mini-PCI Card or the
Combo Mini-PCI Card is installed)
Ethernet connector (available if the Ethernet Mini-PCI Card or the
Combo Mini-PCI Card is installed)
UltraPort connector to support an optional IBM digital camera
UltraBase X2 connector
Chapter 3. System overview 17
Specifications
Specifications
Size
With a 12.1-inch display:
Width: 279.4 mm
Depth: 226.8 mm
Height: 23.9-27.7 mm
Environment
Temperature (at altitudes less than 2438 m (8000 ft.)):
Operating: 5°C to 35°C (41°F to 95°F)
Non-operating: -20°C to 60°C (-4°F to 140°F)
Note: When you charge the battery pack, its temperature must
be at least 10°C (50°F).
Relative humidity:
Operating: 8% to 90%
Non-operating: 5% to 95%
Maximum altitude: 3048 m (10,000 ft.) in unpressurized condi-
tions
Maximum temperature at 3048 m (10,000 ft.): 31°C (88°F)
Electrical (AC Adapter)
Sine-wave input, at 50 to 60 Hz is required
The input rating of the AC Adapter: 100-240 V ac, 50/60 Hz
Lithium-ion battery pack
Nominal voltage: 11.1 V dc
Capacity: 15 VA, 1.4 AH
18 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
Using your Online User's Guide
Your computer offers full information and documentation online.
There is no need to carry heavy manuals or other reference books.
Online help is provided by ThinkPad Assistant. You can access
ThinkPad Assistant buy pressing the unique ThinkPad Button to
open the Access ThinkPad. There, you perform a Quick Search or
search the full text of the help system. Alternatively, you can go to
ThinkPad Assistant by clicking Start -> Programs -> ThinkPad
Information.
ThinkPad Assistant has the following sections:
About your ThinkPad
Everyday use
Communicate
Home and travel
Using your Online User's Guide
Enhancements
Maintenance and upgrades
Security
Problem solving
How to reach IBM
To reach IBM when you are logged onto the Internet, click one of the
Internet portal buttons in Access ThinkPad.
Get help and user support
Update software
Find business solutions
Learn about accessories that can help make you even more pro-
ductive
Chapter 3. System overview 19
Starting the BIOS Setup Utility
Starting the BIOS Setup Utility
Your computer provides a program, called IBM BIOS Setup Utility,
that enables you to configure your computer. The windows in this
utility are as follows:
Config: Set the configuration of your computer.
Date/Time: Set date and time.
Password: Set a password.
Startup: Set the startup device.
Restart: Restart the system.
Note: Many of these parameters can be set more easily in Windows
with the ThinkPad Configuration program. For more information on this program, refer to the Online User's Guide.
You can configure your computer to your needs by use of IBM BIOS
Setup Utility. To start that utility, do as follows:
IBM BIOS Setup Utility
Config
Date/Time
Password
Startup
Restart
BIOS Version
BIOS Date(Year-Month-Day)
Embedded Controller Version
System-unit serial number
System board serial number
CPU Type
CPU Speed
Installed memory
UUID
MAC Address(Internal LAN)
F1
Help
F3/Esc
Exit
Select Item
X.XX(XXXXXXXX)
XXXX-XX-XX
X.XX
XXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX
XXXMHz
XXMB
XXXXXXXX-XXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXX
F9
Change Values
F5/F6
Select Sub-Menu
Enter
Setup Defaults
F10
Save and Exit
1. To protect against accidental data of loss, use ConfigSafe to
save your current configuration.
20 ThinkPad X20 User's Reference
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