IBM ThinkPad R31, ThinkPad R30 Service Manual

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ThinkPad R30/R31 Hardware
Maintenance Manual

Before using this information and the product it supports,
be sure to read the general information under
“Introduction” on page 1, and “Notices” on page 233.

First Edition (September 2002)

The following paragraph does not apply to the United
Kingdom or any country where such provisions are
inconsistent with local law:

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION ″AS IS″ WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
LIMITED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states
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certain transactions; therefore, this statement may not
apply to you.

This publication could include technical inaccuracies or
typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in
new editions of the publication. IBM may make
improvements or changes in the products or the programs
described in this publication at any time.

Requests for technical information about IBM products
should be made to your IBM Authorized Dealer or your
IBM Marketing Representative.

© Copyright International Business Machines
Corporation 2002. All rights reserved. NotetoUS

Government Users — Documentation related to restricted
rights — Use, duplication, or disclosure is subject to
restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with
IBM Corp.

Preface

About this manual

This manual contains service and reference information for
IBM ThinkPad R30/R31 products. Use this manual along
with the advanced diagnostic tests to troubleshoot
problems effectively.

The manual is divided into sections as follows:

v The Introduction section provides general information,

guidelines, and safety information required to service
computers.

v The product-specific section includes service, reference,

and product-specific parts information.

Important

This manual is intended for trained servicers who
are familiar with ThinkPad products. Use this
manual along with the advanced diagnostic tests to
troubleshoot problems effectively. Before servicing
an IBM ThinkPad product, be sure to review the
safety information under “Safety Notices
(Multi-lingual Translations)” on page 3,“Safety
Information” on page 13, and “Laser Compliance
Statement” on page 17.

iii

iv ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Contents

Preface ...............iii

ThinkPad R30/R31 Hardware Maintenance Manual 1

Introduction ..............1

ImportantServiceInformation........1

Drive and Diskette Compatibility Matrix .....2

Safety Notices (Multi-lingual Translations) ....3

SafetyInformation...........13

Laser Compliance Statement .......17

General Descriptions ...........20

Read this first .............21

What to do first ...........21

FRU replacement notices .........23

LCD replacement notice .........23

Screwnotices............23

System board/LCD/Inverter replacement notice 24

Relatedserviceinformation.........26

Power button as reset switch .......26

Running a low-level format ........26

ServiceWebsite...........26

Passwords .............26

Power management features .......28

Fn key combinations ..........30

Product recovery program ........30

FlashBIOS.............33

Checkout guide ............34

Testing the computer ..........34

Relatedserviceinformation........35

Power systems checkout.........36

Symptom-to-FRU Index ..........40

Numeric Error Codes and Messages .....40

Beep Symptoms ...........47

LCD-Related Symptoms .........48

Keyboard/TrackPoint-Related Symptoms ....49

Indicator-Related Symptoms........50

Power-Related Symptoms ........50

Memory-Related Symptom ........51

Audio-Related Symptoms ........51

PC Card (PCMCIA)-Related Symptoms ....51

Power Management-Related Symptoms ....52

Peripheral-Device-Related Symptoms .....52

Modem-Related Symptom ........53

Operating System-Related Symptom .....53

IntermittentProblems..........53

Undetermined Problems .........54

ThinkPad R30 .............55

Product overview ...........56

FRU removals and replacements ......61

Locations .............89

Partslist.............92

v

ThinkPad R31 Part I ..........105

Product overview ..........107

FRU removals and replacements ......112

Locations .............141

Partslist.............144

ThinkPad R31 Part II ..........161

Product overview ..........162

FRU removals and replacements ......167

Locations .............196

Partslist.............199

ThinkPad R31 Part III ..........213

Product overview ..........214

Partslist.............219

Notices..............233

Trademarks .............234

vi ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

ThinkPad R30/R31 Hardware Maintenance Manual

Introduction

Important Service Information

Important

Diskette fixes are customer-installable. The diskette
fixes are posted on the IBM support site
http://www.pc.ibm.com/support/ .

®

Advise customers to contact the IBM
at 800-772-2227 if they need assistance in obtaining
or installing any diskette fixes.

Customers in Canada should call IBM
at 800-565-3344 for assistance or download
information.

HelpCenter

®

HelpCenter

FRU Replacement Strategy

Before Replacing Parts

Ensure that all diskette fixes are installed prior to
replacing any FRUs listed in this manual.

Use the following strategy to prevent unnecessary FRU
replacement and service expense:

v If you are instructed to replace a FRU and that does

not correct the problem, reinstall the original FRU
before you continue.

v Some computers have both a processor board and a

system board. If you are instructed to replace either the
processor board or the system board, and the first board
that you replaced does not correct the problem, reinstall
the original board, then replace the other (processor or
system) board.

v If an adapter or device consists of more than one FRU,

an error code may be caused by any of the FRUs.
Before replacing the adapter or device, remove the
FRUs, one by one, to see if the symptoms change.
Replace only the FRU that changed the symptoms.

v R31 : When CPU is replaced, the heat sink should be

replaced with new one also.

®

®

1

Attention: A customized setup configuration (other than

default settings) may exist on the computer you are
servicing. Running Automatic Configuration may alter those
settings. Note the current configuration settings (using the
View Configuration option) and verify that the settings are
in place when service is complete.

Hard Disk Drive Replacement Strategy

Always try to run a low-level format before replacing a hard
disk drive.

Attention: The drive startup sequence in the computer
you are servicing might have been changed. Be extremely
careful during write operations such as copying, saving, or
formatting. Data or programs can be over-written if you
select an incorrect drive.

How to Use Error Messages

Use the error codes displayed on the screen to diagnose
failures. If more than one error code is displayed, begin the
diagnosis with the first error code. The cause of the first
error code can result in false error codes being displayed.
If no error code is displayed, see if the error symptom is
listed in the Symptom-to-FRU Index for the computer you
are servicing.

How to Read POST Error Messages

POST error messages are displayed on the screen as
three, four, five, or eight digits. The error messages that
can be displayed as shorter POST messages are
highlighted in this index. Some digits will represent
different information for SCSI errors versus non-SCSI
errors.

All SCSI devices are set to a different SCSI ID. Duplicate
SCSI ID settings can generate a false error message. Use
the SCSI ID to determine whether the error message is
coming from an internal or an external device.

Drive and Diskette Compatibility Matrix

The following table provides identification information for

3.5-inch drives.

Diskette Drive Identifying Mark

3.5-Inch - 1.44MB 1.44 on the eject button

3.5-Inch - 2.88MB 2.88 on the eject button

The following table provides compatibility information for

3.5-inch diskettes and 3.5-inch diskette drives.

2 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Diskette Capacity 1.44MB Drive 2.88MB Drive

1.0MB Read/Write Read/Write

2.0MB Read/Write Read/Write

4.0MB Not Compatible Read/Write

Safety Notices (Multi-lingual Translations)

In this manual, safety notices appear in English with a
page number reference to the appropriate multi-lingual,
translated safety notice found in this section.

The following safety notices are provided in English,
French, German, Italian, and Spanish.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676

3

Safety Notice 1

Before the computer is powered-on after FRU

replacement, make sure all screws, springs, or other

small parts are in place and are not left loose inside

the computer. Verify this by shaking the computer

and listening for rattling sounds. Metallic parts or

metal flakes can cause electrical shorts.

Avant de remettre l’ordinateur sous tension après

remplacement d’une unité en clientèle, vérifiez que

tous les ressorts, vis et autres pièces sont bien en

place et bien fixées. Pour ce faire, secouez l’unité et

assurez-vous qu’aucun bruit suspect ne se produit.

Des pièces métalliques ou des copeaux de métal

pourraient causer un court-circuit.

Bevor nach einem FRU-Austausch der Computer

wieder angeschlossen wird, muβ sichergestellt

werden, daβ keine Schrauben, Federn oder andere

Kleinteile fehlen oder im Gehäuse vergessen

wurden. Der Computer muβ geschüttelt und auf

Klappergeräusche geprüft werden. Metallteile oder

-splitter können Kurzschlüsse erzeugen.

Prima di accendere l’elaboratore dopo che é stata

effettuata la sostituzione di una FRU, accertarsi che

tutte le viti, le molle e tutte le altri parti di piccole

dimensioni siano nella corretta posizione e non

siano sparse all’interno dell’elaboratore. Verificare

ciò scuotendo l’elaboratore e prestando attenzione

ad eventuali rumori; eventuali parti o pezzetti

metallici possono provocare cortocircuiti pericolosi.

Antes de encender el sistema despues de sustituir

una FRU, compruebe que todos los tornillos,

muelles y demás piezas pequeñas se encuentran

en su sitio y no se encuentran sueltas dentro del

sistema. Compruébelo agitando el sistema y

escuchando los posibles ruidos que provocarían.

Las piezas metálicas pueden causar cortocircuitos

eléctricos.

4 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Safety Notice 2

Some standby batteries contain a small amount of
nickel and cadmium. Do not disassemble it,
recharge it, throw it into fire or water, or short-circuit
it. Dispose of the battery as required by local
ordinances or regulations. Use only the battery in
the appropriate parts listing. Use of an incorrect
battery can result in ignition or explosion of the
battery.

Certaines batteries de secours contiennent du nickel
et du cadmium. Ne les démontez pas, ne les
rechargez pas, ne les exposez ni au feu ni à l’eau.
Ne les mettez pas en court-circuit. Pour les mettre
au rebut, conformez-vous à la réglementation en
vigueur. Lorsque vous remplacez la pile de
sauvegarde ou celle de l’horloge temps réel, veillez
à n’utiliser que les modèles cités dans la liste de
pièces détachées adéquate. Une batterie ou une
pile inappropriée risque de prendre feu ou
d’exploser.

Die Bereitschaftsbatterie, die sich unter dem
Diskettenlaufwerk befindet, kann geringe Mengen
Nickel und Cadmium enthalten. Sie darf nur durch
die Verkaufsstelle oder den IBM Kundendienst
ausgetauscht werden. Sie darf nicht zerlegt,
wiederaufgeladen, kurzgeschlossen, oder Feuer
oder Wasser ausgesetzt werden. Die Batterie kann
schwere Verbrennungen oder Verätzungen
verursachen. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen
Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Beim
Ersetzen der Bereitschafts- oder Systembatterie nur
Batterien des Typs verwenden, der in der
Ersatzteilliste aufgeführt ist. Der Einsatz falscher
Batterien kann zu Entzündung oder Explosion
führen.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676 5

(Continued)

Alcune batterie di riserva contengono una piccola

quantità di nichel e cadmio. Non smontarle,

ricaricarle, gettarle nel fuoco o nell’acqua né

cortocircuitarle. Smaltirle secondo la normativa in

vigore (DPR 915/82, successive disposizioni e

disposizioni locali). Quando si sostituisce la batteria

dell’RTC (real time clock) o la batteria di supporto,

utilizzare soltanto i tipi inseriti nell’appropriato

Catalogo parti. L’impiego di una batteria non adatta

potrebbe determinare l’incendio o l’esplosione della

batteria stessa.

Algunas baterías de reserva contienen una pequeña

cantidad de níquel y cadmio. No las desmonte, ni

recargue, ni las eche al fuego o al agua ni las

cortocircuite. Deséchelas tal como dispone la

normativa local. Utilice sólo baterías que se

encuentren en la lista de piezas. La utilizaciónde

una batería no apropiada puede provocar la ignición

o explosión de la misma.

6 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Safety Notice 3

The battery pack contains small amounts of nickel.
Do not disassemble it, throw it into fire or water, or
short-circuit it. Dispose of the battery pack as
required by local ordinances or regulations. Use
only the battery in the appropriate parts listing when
replacing the battery pack. Use of an incorrect
battery can result in ignition or explosion of the
battery.

La batterie contient du nickel. Ne la démontez pas,
ne l’exposez ni au feu ni à l’eau. Ne la mettez pas
en court-circuit. Pour la mettre au rebut,
conformez-vous à la réglementation en vigueur.
Lorsque vous remplacez la batterie, veillez à
n’utiliser que les modèles cités dans la liste de
pièces détachées adéquate. En effet, une batterie
inappropriée risque de prendre feu ou d’exploser.

Akkus enthalten geringe Mengen von Nickel. Sie
dürfen nicht zerlegt, wiederaufgeladen,
kurzgeschlossen, oder Feuer oder Wasser
ausgesetzt werden. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen
Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Beim
Ersetzen der Batterie nur Batterien des Typs
verwenden, der in der Ersatzteilliste aufgeführt ist.
Der Einsatz falscher Batterien kann zu Entzündung
oder Explosion führen.

La batteria contiene piccole quantità di nichel. Non
smontarla, gettarla nel fuoco o nell’acqua né
cortocircuitarla. Smaltirla secondo la normativa in
vigore (DPR 915/82, successive disposizioni e
disposizioni locali). Quando si sostituisce la batteria,
utilizzare soltanto i tipi inseriti nell’appropriato
Catalogo parti. L’impiego di una batteria non adatta
potrebbe determinare l’incendio o l’esplosione della
batteria stessa.

Las baterías contienen pequeñas cantidades de
níquel. No las desmonte, ni recargue, ni las eche al
fuego o al agua ni las cortocircuite. Deséchelas tal
como dispone la normativa local. Utilice sólo
baterías que se encuentren en la lista de piezas al
sustituir la batería. La utilización de una bateríano
apropiada puede provocar la ignición o explosiónde
la misma.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676 7

Safety Notice 4

The lithium battery can cause a fire, explosion, or

severe burn. Do not recharge it, remove its

polarized connector, disassemble it, heat it above

100°C (212°F), incinerate it, or expose its cell

contents to water. Dispose of the battery as required

by local ordinances or regulations. Use only the

battery in the appropriate parts listing. Use of an

incorrect battery can result in ignition or explosion of

the battery.

La pile de sauvegarde contient du lithium. Elle

présente des risques d’incendie, d’explosion ou de

brûlures graves. Ne la rechargez pas, ne retirez pas

son connecteur polarisé et ne la démontez pas. Ne

l’exposez pas à une temperature supérieure à

100°C, ne la faites pas brûleretn’en exposez pas

le contenu à l’eau. Mettez la pile au rebut

conformément à la réglementation en vigueur. Une

pile inappropriée risque de prendre feu ou

d’exploser.

Die Systembatterie ist eine Lithiumbatterie. Sie kann

sich entzünden, explodieren oder schwere

Verbrennungen hervorrufen. Batterien dieses Typs

dürfen nicht aufgeladen, zerlegt, über 100 C erhitzt

oder verbrannt werden. Auch darf ihr Inhalt nicht mit

Wasser in Verbindung gebracht oder der zur

richtigen Polung angebrachte Verbindungsstecker

entfernt werden. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen

Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Beim

Ersetzen der Batterie nur Batterien des Typs

verwenden, der in der Ersatzteilliste aufgeführt ist.

Der Einsatz falscher Batterien kann zu Entzündung

oder Explosion führen.

La batteria di supporto e una batteria al litio e puo

incendiarsi, esplodere o procurare gravi ustioni.

Evitare di ricaricarla, smontarne il connettore

polarizzato, smontarla, riscaldarla ad una

temperatura superiore ai 100 gradi centigradi,

incendiarla o gettarla in acqua. Smaltirla secondo la

normativa in vigore (DPR 915/82, successive

disposizioni e disposizioni locali). L’impiego di una

batteria non adatta potrebbe determinare l’incendio

ol’esplosione della batteria stessa.

8 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

(Continued)

La bateria de repuesto es una bateria de litio y
puede provocar incendios, explosiones o
quemaduras graves. No la recargue, ni quite el
conector polarizado, ni la desmonte, ni caliente por
encima de los 100°C (212°F), ni la incinere ni
exponga el contenido de sus celdas al agua.
Deséchela tal como dispone la normativa local.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676 9

Safety Notice 5

If the LCD breaks and the fluid from inside the LCD

gets into your eyes or on your hands, immediately

wash the affected areas with water for at least 15

minutes. Seek medical care if any symptoms from

the fluid are present after washing.

Si le panneau d’affichage à cristaux liquides se

brise et que vous recevez dans les yeux ou sur les

mains une partie du fluide, rincez-les abondamment

pendant au moins quinze minutes. Consultez un

médecin si des symptômes persistent aprèsle

lavage.

Die Leuchtstoffröhre im LCD-Bildschirm enthält

Quecksilber. Bei der Entsorgung die örtlichen

Bestimmungen für Sondermüll beachten. Der

LCD-Bildschirm besteht aus Glas und kann

zerbrechen, wenn er unsachgemäβ behandelt wird

oder der Computer auf den Boden fällt. Wenn der

Bildschirm beschädigt ist und die darin befindliche

Flüssigkeit in Kontakt mit Haut und Augen gerät,

sollten die betroffenen Stellen mindestens 15

Minuten mit Wasser abgespült und bei

Beschwerden anschlieβend ein Arzt aufgesucht

werden.

Nel caso che caso l’LCD si dovesse rompere ed il

liquido in esso contenuto entrasse in contatto con gli

occhi o le mani, lavare immediatamente le parti

interessate con acqua corrente per almeno 15

minuti; poi consultare un medico se i sintomi

dovessero permanere.

Si la LCD se rompe y el fluido de su interior entra

en contacto con sus ojos o sus manos, lave

inmediatamente las áreas afectadas con agua

durante 15 minutos como mínimo. Obtenga atención

medica si se presenta algúnsíntoma del fluido

despues de lavarse.

10 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Safety Notice 6

To avoid shock, do not remove the plastic cover that
surrounds the lower portion of the inverter card.

Afin d’éviter tout risque de choc électrique, ne
retirez pas le cache en plastique protégeant la
partie inférieure de la carte d’alimentation.

Aus Sicherheitsgründen die Kunststoffabdeckung,
die den unteren Teil der Spannungswandlerplatine
umgibt, nicht entfernen.

Per evitare scosse elettriche, non rimuovere la
copertura in plastica che avvolge la parte inferiore
della scheda invertitore.

Para evitar descargas, no quite la cubierta de
plástico que rodea la parte baja de la tarjeta
invertida.

Safety Notice 7

Though main batteries have low voltage, a shorted
or grounded battery can produce enough current to
burn combustible materials or personnel.

Bien que le voltage des batteries principales soit
peu élevé, le court-circuit ou la mise à la masse
d’une batterie peut produire suffisamment de
courant pour brûler des matériaux combustibles ou
causer des brûlures corporelles graves.

Obwohl Hauptbatterien eine niedrige Spannung
haben, können sie doch bei Kurzschluβ oder Erdung
genug Strom abgeben, um brennbare Materialien zu
entzünden oder Verletzungen bei Personen
hervorzurufen.

Sebbene le batterie di alimentazione siano a basso
voltaggio, una batteria in corto circuito o a massa
può fornire corrente sufficiente da bruciare materiali
combustibili o provocare ustioni ai tecnici di
manutenzione.

Aunque las baterías principales tienen un voltaje
bajo, una batería cortocircuitada o con contacto a
tierra puede producir la corriente suficiente como
para quemar material combustible o provocar
quemaduras en el personal.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676 11

Safety Notice 8

Before removing any FRU, power-off the computer,

unplug all power cords from electrical outlets,

remove the battery pack, then disconnect any

interconnecting cables.

Avant de retirer une unité remplaçable en clientèle,

mettez le système hors tension, débranchez tous

les cordons d’alimentation des socles de prise de

courant, retirez la batterie et déconnectez tous les

cordons d’interface.

Die Stromzufuhr muβ abgeschaltet, alle Stromkabel

aus der Steckdose gezogen, der Akku entfernt und

alle Verbindungskabel abgenommen sein, bevor

eine FRU entfernt wird.

Prima di rimuovere qualsiasi FRU, spegnere il

sistema, scollegare dalle prese elettriche tutti i cavi

di alimentazione, rimuovere la batteria e poi

scollegare i cavi di interconnessione.

Antes de quitar una FRU, apague el sistema,

desenchufe todos los cables de las tomas de

corriente eléctrica, quite la batería y, a continuación,

desconecte cualquier cable de conexión entre

dispositivos.

12 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Safety Information

The following section contains the safety information that
you need to be familiar with before servicing an IBM
mobile computer.

General Safety

Follow these rules to ensure general safety:

v Observe good housekeeping in the area of the

machines during and after maintenance.

v When lifting any heavy object:

1. Ensure you can stand safety without slipping.

2. Distribute the weight of the object equally between
your feet.

3. Use a slow lifting force. Never move suddenly or
twist when you attempt to lift.

4. Lift by standing or by pushing up with your leg
muscles; this action removes the strain from the
muscles in your back. Do not attempt to lift any

objects that weigh more than 16 kg (35 lb) or objects
that you think are too heavy for you.

v Do not perform any action that causes hazards to the

customer, or that makes the equipment unsafe.

v Before you start the machine, ensure that other service

representatives and the customer’s personnel are not in
a hazardous position.

v Place removed covers and other parts in a safe place,

away from all personnel, while you are servicing the
machine.

v Keep your tool case away from walk areas so that other

people will not trip over it.

v Do not wear loose clothing that can be trapped in the

moving parts of a machine. Ensure that your sleeves
are fastened or rolled up above your elbows. If your hair
is long, fasten it.

v Insert the ends of your necktie or scarf inside clothing or

fasten it with a nonconductive clip, approximately 8
centimeters (3 inches) from the end.

v Do not wear jewelry, chains, metal-frame eyeglasses, or

metal fasteners for your clothing.
Attention: Metal objects are good electrical

conductors.

v Wear safety glasses when you are: hammering, drilling

soldering, cutting wire, attaching springs, using solvents,
or working in any other conditions that might be
hazardous to your eyes.

v After service, reinstall all safety shields, guards, labels,

and ground wires. Replace any safety device that is
worn or defective.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676

13

v Reinstall all covers correctly before returning the

machine to the customer.

Electrical Safety

Observe the following rules when working on electrical
equipment.

Important

Use only approved tools and test equipment. Some
hand tools have handles covered with a soft
material that does not insulate you when working
with live electrical currents. Many customers have,
near their equipment, rubber floor mats that contain
small conductive fibers to decrease electrostatic
discharges. Do not use this type of mat to protect
yourself from electrical shock.

v Find the room emergency power-off (EPO) switch,

disconnecting switch, or electrical outlet. If an electrical
accident occurs, you can then operate the switch or
unplug the power cord quickly.

v Do not work alone under hazardous conditions or near

equipment that has hazardous voltages.

v Disconnect all power before:

– Performing a mechanical inspection

– Working near power supplies

– Removing or installing main units

v Before you start to work on the machine, unplug the

power cord. If you cannot unplug it, ask the customer to
power-off the wall box that supplies power to the
machine and to lock the wall box in the off position.

v If you need to work on a machine that has exposed

electrical circuits, observe the following precautions:

– Ensure that another person, familiar with the

power-off controls, is near you.
Attention: Another person must be there to switch

off the power, if necessary.

– Use only one hand when working with powered-on

electrical equipment; keep the other hand in your
pocket or behind your back.

Attention: There must be a complete circuit to
cause electrical shock. By observing the above rule,
you may prevent a current from passing through your
body.

– When using testers, set the controls correctly and

use the approved probe leads and accessories for
that tester.

14 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

– Stand on suitable rubber mats (obtained locally, if

necessary) to insulate you from grounds such as
metal floor strips and machine frames.

Observe the special safety precautions when you work
with very high voltages; these instructions are in the
safety sections of maintenance information. Use
extreme care when measuring high voltages.

v Regularly inspect and maintain your electrical hand tools

for safe operational condition.

v Do not use worn or broken tools and testers.

v Never assume that power has been disconnected from

a circuit. First, check that it has been powered-off.

v Always look carefully for possible hazards in your work

area. Examples of these hazards are moist floors,
nongrounded power extension cables, power surges,
and missing safety grounds.

v Do not touch live electrical circuits with the reflective

surface of a plastic dental mirror. The surface is
conductive; such touching can cause personal injury and
machine damage.

v Do not service the following parts with the power on

when they are removed from their normal operating
places in a machine:

– Power supply units

– Pumps

– Blowers and fans

– Motor generators

and similar units. (This practice ensures correct
grounding of the units.)

v If an electrical accident occurs:

– Use caution; do not become a victim yourself.
– Switch off power.
– Send another person to get medical aid.

Safety Inspection Guide

The intent of this inspection guide is to assist you in
identifying potentially unsafe conditions on these products.
Each machine, as it was designed and built, had required
safety items installed to protect users and service
personnel from injury. This guide addresses only those
items. However, good judgment should be used to identify
potential safety hazards due to attachment of non-IBM
features or options not covered by this inspection guide.

If any unsafe conditions are present, you must determine
how serious the apparent hazard could be and whether

MT 2656, 2657, 2676

15

you can continue without first correcting the problem.
Consider these conditions and the safety hazards they
present:

v Electrical hazards, especially primary power (primary

voltage on the frame can cause serious or fatal
electrical shock).

v Explosive hazards, such as a damaged CRT face or

bulging capacitor.

v Mechanical hazards, such as loose or missing

hardware.

The guide consists of a series of steps presented in a
checklist. Begin the checks with the power off, and the
power cord disconnected.

Checklist:

1. Check exterior covers for damage (loose, broken, or
sharp edges).

2. Power-off the computer. Disconnect the power cord.

3. Check the power cord for:

a. A third-wire ground connector in good condition.

Use a meter to measure third-wire ground
continuity for 0.1 ohm or less between the external
ground pin and frame ground.

b. The power cord should be the appropriate type as

specified in the parts listings.

c. Insulation must not be frayed or worn.

4. Remove the cover.

5. Check for any obvious non-IBM alterations. Use good
judgment as to the safety of any non-IBM alterations.

6. Check inside the unit for any obvious unsafe
conditions, such as metal filings, contamination, water
or other liquids, or signs of fire or smoke damage.

7. Check for worn, frayed, or pinched cables.

8. Check that the power-supply cover fasteners (screws
or rivets) have not been removed or tampered with.

Handling Electrostatic Discharge-Sensitive Devices

Any computer part containing transistors or integrated
circuits ( ICs) should be considered sensitive to
electrostatic discharge (ESD). ESD damage can occur
when there is a difference in charge between objects.
Protect against ESD damage by equalizing the charge so
that the machine, the part, the work mat, and the person
handling the part are all at the same charge.

16 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Notes:

1. Use product-specific ESD procedures when they
exceed the requirements noted here.

2. Make sure that the ESD protective devices you use
have been certified (ISO 9000) as fully effective.

When handling ESD-sensitive parts:

v Keep the parts in protective packages until they are

inserted into the product.

v Avoid contact with other people.

v Wear a grounded wrist strap against your skin to

eliminate static on your body.

v Prevent the part from touching your clothing. Most

clothing is insulative and retains a charge even when
you are wearing a wrist strap.

v Use the black side of a grounded work mat to provide a

static-free work surface. The mat is especially useful
when handling ESD-sensitive devices.

v Select a grounding system, such as those listed below,

to provide protection that meets the specific service
requirement.

Note: The use of a grounding system is desirable but

not required to protect against ESD damage.

– Attach the ESD ground clip to any frame ground,

ground braid, or green-wire ground.

– Use an ESD common ground or reference point

when working on a double-insulated or
battery-operated system.

– You can use coax or connector-outside shells on

these systems.

– Use the round ground-prong of the AC plug on

AC-operated computers.

Grounding Requirements

Electrical grounding of the computer is required for
operator safety and correct system function. Proper
grounding of the electrical outlet can be verified by a
certified electrician.

Laser Compliance Statement

Some IBM Personal Computer models are equipped from
the factory with a optical drive, such as CD-ROM,
DVD-ROM, CD-R/W and DVD/CD-RW combo drive.
Optical drives are also sold separately as options. The
optical drive is a laser product. The optical drive is certified
in the U.S. to conform to the requirements of the
Department of Health and Human Services 21 Code of
Federal Regulations (DHHS 21 CFR) Subchapter J for

MT 2656, 2657, 2676

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Class 1 laser products. Elsewhere, the drive is certified to
conform to the requirements of the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 825 and CENELEC EN
60 825 for Class 1 laser products.

When an optical drive is installed, note the following.

CAUTION:
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of
procedures other than those specified herein might
result in hazardous radiation exposure.

O uso de controles, ajustes ou desempenho de
procedimentos diferentes daqueles aqui especificados
pode resultar em perigosa exposição à radiação.

Pour éviter tout risque d’exposition au rayon laser,
respectez les consignes de réglage et d’utilisation des
commandes, ainsi que les procédures décrites.

Werden Steuer- und Einstellelemente anders als hier
festgesetzt verwendet, kann gefährliche
Laserstrahlung auftreten.

L’utilizzo di controlli, regolazioni o l’esecuzione di
procedure diverse da quelle specificate possono
provocare l’esposizione a

El uso de controles o ajustes o la ejecución de
procedimientos distintos de los aquí especificados
puede provocar la exposición a radiaciones
peligrosas.

18 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Opening the CD-ROM drive could result in exposure to
hazardous laser radiation. There are no serviceable parts
inside the CD-ROM drive. Do not open.

Some CD-ROM drives contain an embedded Class 3A or
Class 3B laser diode. Note the following.

DANGER

Laser radiation when open. Do not stare into the
beam, do not view directly with optical instruments,
and avoid direct exposure to the beam.

Radiação por raio laser ao abrir. Não olhe fixo no
feixe de luz, não olhe diretamente por meio de
instrumentos óticos e evite exposição direta com o
feixe de luz.

Rayonnement laser si carter ouvert. Évitez de fixer
le faisceau, de le regarder directement avec des
instruments optiques, ou de vous exposer au
rayon.

Laserstrahlung bei geöffnetem Gerät. Nicht direkt
oder über optische Instrumente in den Laserstrahl
sehen und den Strahlungsbereich meiden.

Kinyitáskor lézersugár!Nenézzen bele se szabad
szemmel, se optikai eszközökkel. Kerülje a
sugárnyalábbal valóérintkezést !

Aprendo l’unità vengono emesse radiazioni laser.
Non fissare il fascio, non guardarlo direttamente
con strumenti ottici e evitare l’esposizione diretta al
fascio.

Radiaciónláser al abrir. No mire fijamente ni
examine con instrumental óptico el haz de luz.
Evite la exposición directa al haz.

MT 2656, 2657, 2676 19

General Descriptions

This chapter includes descriptions for any ThinkPad model
that has the PC-Doctor DOS diagnostics program. Some
descriptions might not apply to your particular computer.

20 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

Read this first

Before you go to the checkout guide, be sure to read this
section.

Important Notes:
v Only certified trained personnel should service the

computer.

v Read the entire FRU service procedures before

replacing any FRUs.

v Use new nylon-coated screws when you replace

FRUs.

v Be extremely careful during write operations such

as copying, saving, or formatting. Drives in the

computer that you are servicing might have been
rearranged or the drive startup sequence might have
been altered. If you select an incorrect drive, data or
programs could be overwritten.

v Replace FRUs only for the correct model. When you

replace a FRU, make sure that the model of the
machine and FRU part number are correct by referring
to the FRU parts list.

v A FRU should not be replaced because of a single,

unreproducible failure. Single failure can occur for a

variety of reasons that have nothing to do with a
hardware defect, such as: cosmic radiation, electrostatic
discharge, or software error. FRU replacement should
be considered only when a recurring problem exists. In
this case, clear the error log and run the test again. Do
not replace FRUs if log errors do not reappear.

v Be careful not to replace a non-defective FRU.

What to do first

The servicer must include the following in the parts
exchange form or parts return form that is attached to the
returned FRU:

1. Name and phone number of servicer

2. Date of service

3. Date when part failed

4. Date of purchase

5. Failure symptoms, error codes appearing on display,
and beep symptoms

6. Procedure index and page number in which failing FRU
was detected

7. Failing FRU name and part number

8. Machine type, model number and serial number

9. Customer’s name and address

MT 2656, 2657, 2676

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Before checking problems with the computer, determine
whether the damage is covered under the warranty by
referring to the following:

Note for Warranty:

For Warranty:

During the warranty period, the customer may be
responsible for repair costs if the computer damage
was caused by misuse, accident, modification,
unsuitable physical or operating environment, or
improper maintenance by the customer. The
following list provides some common items that are
not covered under warranty and some symptoms
that may indicate the system was subjected to
stresses beyond normal use.

The following is not covered under warranty:

v LCD panel cracked by applying excessive force

or by being dropped.

v Scratched (cosmetic) parts.

v Cracked or broken plastic parts, broken latches,

broken pins, or broken connectors caused by
excessive force.

v Damage caused by liquid spilled into the system.

v Damage caused by improperly inserting a PC

Card or installation of an incompatible card.

v Damage caused by foreign material in the FDD.

v Diskette drive damage caused by pressing the

diskette drive cover or inserting diskettes with
multiple labels.

v Damaged or bent diskette drive eject button.

v CD-ROM/DVD-ROM drive damage caused by

excessive force, shock, or by being dropped.

v Fuses blown by attaching a nonsupported device.

v Forgotten computer password (making the

computer unusable).

The following symptoms might indicate damage
caused by non-warranted activities:

v Missing parts may be a symptom of unauthorized

service or modification.

v HDD spindles can become noisy if subjected to

excessive force or by being dropped.

v I9990303 errors can be caused by exposure to

strong magnetic fields.

22 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM

FRU replacement notices

This section contains notices for removal and replacement.
Read this section carefully before replacing any FRU.

LCD replacement notice

The TFT LCD for the computer contains many thin-film
transistors (TFTs). A small number of missing, discolored,
or lighted dots (on all the time) is characteristic of TFT
LCD technology, but excessive pixel problems can cause
viewing concerns. The LCD should be replaced if the
number of missing, discolored, or lighted dots in any
background is:

v XGA : 8 or more bright dots, 8 or more dark dots, or a

total of 9 or more bright and dark dots.

Screw notices

This computer uses special nylon-coated screws with the
following characteristics:

v They maintain tight connections.

v They do not easily come loose, even with shock or

vibration.

v They need additional force to tighten.

v They should be used only once.

Do the following when you service this machine:

v Keep the screw kit (P/N 08K6560) in your tool bag.

v Always use new screws if you are instructed.

v Use a torque screwdriver if you have one.

Loose screws can cause a reliability problem. The IBM
ThinkPad computer addresses this problem with
nylon-coated screws. Tighten screws as follows:

v Plastic to plastic

Turn an additional 90 degrees after the screw head
touches the surface of the plastic part:

v Logic card to plastic

MT 2656, 2657, 2676

23

Turn an additional 180 degrees after the screw head
touches the surface of the plastic part:

v Torque driver

If you have a torque driver, refer to the ″Torque″ column
with each step.

v Make sure you use the correct screw, and tighten all

screws firmly to the torque shown in the table if you
have a torque screwdriver. Never use a screw that you

removed. Use a new one. Make sure the screws are
tightened firmly.

System board/LCD/Inverter replacement notice

Restoring the LCD panel ID

The EEPROM on the inverter stores its supported LCD
type ID code. If you replace a LCD with one of a different
brand or use a new inverter, the ID information in the
inverter EEPROM should be updated.

Follow the steps blew to set the LCD panel ID:

1. Install the ThinkPad CE Utility Diskette and restart the
computer.

2. Select 1. LCD Panel ID Utility from the main menu.

3. Follow the instruction on screen to read current or to
set new LCD Panel ID code.

4. Restart computer : the new LCD should work normally.

Note: When you set a new LCD Panel ID and the new

LCD is not yet enabled (to function), so connect an
external CRT to see the program execution process.

CAUTION:
Make sure the new ID code you choose corresponds
with the LCD brand and type. If you write a wrong ID
into inverterm, just reboot and re-execute the program
and input the correct ID code.

24 ThinkPad R30/R31 HMM