IBM Deskstar 60GXP, IC35L030A VER07, IC35L010A VER07, IC35L020A VER07, IC35L040A VER07 Specifications

IBM storage products—official published specification

Hard disk drive specifications

Deskstar 60GXP

3.5 inch Ultra ATA/100 hard disk drive

Models:

IC35L010AVER07
IC35L020AVER07
IC35L030AVER07
IC35L040AVER07
IC35L060AVER07

1 May 2002Revision 2.2

Publication #2818S07N-4780-04

IBM storage products—official published specification

IBM storage products—official published specification

Hard disk drive specifications

Deskstar 60GXP

3.5 inch Ultra ATA/100 hard disk drive

Models:

IC35L010AVER07
IC35L020AVER07
IC35L030AVER07
IC35L040AVER07
IC35L060AVER07

1 May 2002Revision 2.2

Publication #2818S07N-4780-04

1st Edition (Revision 0.1) S07N-4780-00 ( 4 January 2001) Preliminary
2nd Edition (Revision 0.2) S07N-4780-00 ( 11 January 2001) Preliminary
3rd Edition (Revision 0.3) S07N-4780-00 ( 12 January 2001) Preliminary
4th Edition (Revision 0.4) S07N-4780-00 ( 17 January 2001) Preliminary
5th Edition (Revision 0.5) S07N-4780-00 ( 22 January 2001) Preliminary
6th Edition (Revision 1.0) S07N-4780-01 (29 January 2001)
7th Edition (Revision 2.0) S07N-4780-02 (1 February 2001)
8th Edition (Revision 2.1) S07N-4780-03 (27 August 2001)
9th Edition (Revision 2.2) S07N-4780-04 (1 May 2002)

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inconsistent with local law: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS

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Technical information about this product is available by contacting your local IBM representative or on the Internet
at http://www.ibm.com/harddrive

IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of
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©Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2002. All rights reserved.

Note to U.S. Government Users —Documentation related to restricted rights —Use, duplication or disclosure is
subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Table of contents

List of Figures

1.0 General

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2.0 General features

Part 1. Functional specification

3.0 Fixed disk subsystem description

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4.0 Fixed disk characteristics

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5.0 Defect flagging strategy

6.0 Data integrity

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7.0 File Organization

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8.0 Defect flagging strategy

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9.0 Specification

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ix

1

11.1 Glossary

11.2 General caution

11.3 References
3
5
7

73.1 Control Electronics

73.2 Head disk assembly

73.3 Actuator
9

94.1 Formatted capacity

94.2 Data sheet

104.3 Performance Characteristics

104.3.1 Command Overhead

104.3.2 Mechanical positioning

124.3.3 Drive ready time

134.3.4 Data Transfer Speed—60 GB model

134.3.5 Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write cache)

134.3.6 Throughput

154.3.7 Operating modes

154.3.8 Mode transition times
17
19

196.1 Data loss at Power off

196.2 Write cache

196.3 Equipment status
21

217.1 File format

217.2 Cylinder allocation
23

238.1 Shipped format
25

259.1 Electrical interface

259.1.1 Connector location

269.1.2 Signal definition

299.1.3 Interface logic signal levels

299.1.4 Reset timings

309.1.5 PIO timings

319.1.6 Multiword DMA timings

329.1.7 Ultra DMA timings

409.1.8 Addressing of registers

409.1.9 Cabling

419.1.10 Jumper settings

479.2 Environment

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

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479.2.1 Temperature and humidity

489.2.2 Corrosion test

489.3 DC power requirements

489.3.1 Input voltage

489.3.2 Power supply current—typical

499.3.3 Power supply generated ripple at drive power connector

499.3.4 Start up current

509.3.5 Energy consumption efficiency

509.4 Reliability

509.4.1 Data integrity

509.4.2 Cable noise interference

509.4.3 Start/stop cycles

509.4.4 Life

509.4.5 Preventive maintenance

519.4.6 Data reliability

519.5 Mechanical specifications

519.5.1 Physical dimensions

529.5.2 Mounting holes

539.5.3 Connector and jumper description

539.5.4 Drive mounting

539.5.5 Head unload and actuator lock

549.6 Vibration and shock

549.6.1 Operating vibration

549.6.2 Nonoperating vibration

559.6.3 Operating shock

559.6.4 Nonoperating shock

569.6.5 Rotational shock

569.7 Acoustics—Unit Sound Power level testing

579.8 Identification—labels

579.9 Safety

579.9.1 UL and CSA standard conformity

579.9.2 IEC compliance

579.9.3 German Safety Mark

589.9.4 Flammability

589.9.5 Safe handling

589.9.6 Environment

589.9.7 Secondary circuit protection

589.10 Electromagnetic compatibility

599.11 CE Mark

599.12 C-Tick Mark

Part 2. Interface specification

10.0 General

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11.0 Deviations from standard

12.0 Registers

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Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

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61
63

6310.1 Introduction

6310.2 Terminology
65
67

6812.1 Alternate Status Register

6812.2 Command Register

6812.3 Cylinder High Register

6812.4 Cylinder Low Register

6912.5 Data Register

6912.6 Device Control Register

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13.0 General operation

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14.0 Command Protocol

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Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

v

6912.7 Drive Address Register

7012.8 Device/Head Register

7012.9 Error Register

7112.10 Features Register

7112.11 Sector Count Register

7112.12 Sector Number Register

7212.13 Status Register
75

7513.1 Reset response

7613.2 Register initialization

7713.3 Diagnostic and Reset considerations

7813.4 Sector Addressing Mode

7813.4.1 Logical CHS Addressing Mode

7813.4.2 LBA Addressing Mode

7913.5 Overlapped and queued feature

8013.6 Power management feature

8013.6.1 Power modes

8013.6.2 Power management commands

8013.6.3 Standby timer

8113.6.4 Interface capability for power modes

8113.7 S.M.A.R.T. function

8113.7.1 Attributes

8113.7.2 Attribute values

8113.7.3 Attribute thresholds

8213.7.4 Threshold Exceeded Condition

8213.7.5 S.M.A.R.T. commands

8213.7.6 Off-line read scanning

8213.7.7 Error log

8213.7.8 Self-test

8213.8 Security Mode Feature Set

8313.8.1 Security mode

8313.8.2 Security level

8313.8.3 Passwords

8313.8.4 Operation example

8713.8.5 Command table

8813.9 Host Protected Area Function

8813.9.1 Example for operation (in LBA mode)

8913.9.2 Security extensions

9013.10 Seek Overlap

9113.11 Write cache function

9113.12 Reassign Function

9113.13 Auto Reassign Function

9113.13.1 Nonrecovered write errors

9113.13.2 Nonrecovered read errors

9213.13.3 Recovered read errors

9213.14 Power-Up In Standby feature set

9213.15 Advanced Power Management feature set (APM)

9313.16 Automatic Acoustic Management feature set (AAM)

9313.17 Address Offset Feature

9313.17.1 Enable/Disable Address Offset Mode

9413.17.2 Identify Device Data

9413.17.3 Exceptions in Address Offset Mode
95

9514.1 PIO Data In commands

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15.0 Command descriptions

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Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

vi

9614.2 PIO Data Out commands

9814.3 Non-data commands

9914.4 DMA commands

9914.5 DMA queued commands

101

10515.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h)

10615.2 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h)

10715.3 Flush Cache (E7h)

10815.4 Format Track (50h)

11015.5 Format Unit (F7h)

11115.6 Identify Device (ECh)

11815.7 Idle (E3h/97h)

12015.8 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h)

12115.9 Initialize Device Parameters (91h)

12215.10 NOP (00h)

12315.11 Read Buffer (E4h)

12415.12 Read DMA (C8h/C9h)

12615.13 Read DMA Queued (C7h)

12815.14 Read Long (22h/23h)

13015.15 Read Multiple (C4h)

13215.16 Read Native Max Address (F8h)

13315.17 Read Sectors (20h/21h)

13515.18 Read Verify Sectors (40h/41h)

13715.19 Recalibrate (1xh)

13815.20 Security Disable Password (F6h)

13915.21 Security Erase Prepare (F3h)

14015.22 Security Erase Unit (F4h)

14215.23 Security Freeze Lock (F5h)

14315.24 Security Set Password (F1h)

14515.25 Security Unlock (F2h)

14615.26 Seek (7xh)

14715.27 Service (A2h)

14815.28 Set Features (EFh)

15015.28.1 Set Transfer mode

15015.28.2 Write Cache

15015.28.3 Advanced Power Management

15015.28.4 Automatic Acoustic Management

15115.29 Set Max Address (F9h)

15315.29.1 Set Max Set Password (Feature = 01h)

15415.29.2 Set Max Lock (Feature = 02h)

15515.29.3 Set Max Unlock (Feature = 03h)

15615.29.4 Set Max Freeze Lock (Feature = 04h)

15715.30 Set Multiple (C6h)

15815.31 Sleep (E6h/99h)

15915.32 S.M.A.R.T. Function Set (B0h)

16015.32.1 S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Values (Subcommand D0h)

16015.32.2 S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds (Subcommand D1h)

16015.32.3 S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave (Subcommand D2h)

16115.32.4 S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values (Subcommand D3h)

16115.32.5 S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate (Subcommand D4h)

16215.32.6 S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector (Subcommand D5h)

16215.32.7 S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector (Subcommand D6h)

16215.32.8 S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations (Subcommand D8h)

16215.32.9 S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations (Subcommand D9h)

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16315.32.10 S.M.A.R.T. Return Status (Subcommand DAh)

16315.32.11 S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Automatic Off-line (Subcommand DBh)

16415.32.12 Device Attributes Data Structure

16915.32.13 Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure

17015.32.14 S.M.A.R.T. error log sector

17315.32.15 Self-test log data structure

17415.32.16 Error reporting

17515.33 Standby (E2h/96h)

17715.34 Standby Immediate (E0h/94h)

17815.35 Write Buffer (E8h)

17915.36 Write DMA (CAh/CBh)

18115.37 Write DMA Queued (CCh)

18315.38 Write Long (32h/33h)

18515.39 Write Multiple (C5h)

18715.40 Write Sectors (30h/31h)

Appendix

Index

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189
189I. Commands Support Coverage
191II. SET FEATURES Command Support Coverage

193

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List of Figures

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Figure 44. Environmental specifications—operation, shipping, storage temperature, and

humidity requirements

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9Figure 1. Formatted Capacity

9Figure 2. Mechanical positioning performance
10Figure 3. Command Overhead
10Figure 4. Mechanical Positioning Performance
11Figure 5. Full Stroke Seek Time
11Figure 6. Head Switch Time
11Figure 7. Cylinder Switch Time
12Figure 8. Single Track Seek Time
12Figure 9. Latency Time
12Figure 10. Drive ready time
13Figure 11. Data Transfer Speed
13Figure 12. Simple sequential access performance
14Figure 13. Random Access Performance
15Figure 14. Operating modes
15Figure 15. Mode transition times
17Figure 16. PList physical format
21Figure 17. Cylinder allocation
23Figure 18. PList physical format
25Figure 19. Connector location
25Figure 20. Power connector pin assignments
26Figure 21. Table of signal definitions
26Figure 22. Special signal definitions for Ultra DMA
29Figure 23. Interface logic signal level electrical specifications
29Figure 24. System reset timing
30Figure 25. PIO cycle time
31Figure 26. Multiword DMA cycle timings
32Figure 27. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Initiating Read
33Figure 28. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host pausing Read)
34Figure 29. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Host terminating Read
35Figure 30. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Device Terminating Read
36Figure 31. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Initiating Write
37Figure 32. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Device pausing Write
38Figure 33. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Device terminating Write
39Figure 34. Ultra DMA cycle timings—Host terminating Write
40Figure 35. I/O address map
41Figure 36. Jumper pin location
41Figure 37. Jumper pin identifications
42Figure 38. Jumper pin assignment
43Figure 39. Jumper block setting position
44Figure 40. Jumper block setting position—15 head
45Figure 41. Jumper block setting position—2 GB/32 GB clip
46Figure 42. Jumper block setting postion—power up in standby
47Figure 43. Operation, shipping, and storage temperature and humidity requirements table

47
48Figure 45. Input voltage requirements
48Figure 46. Power supply current—typical
49Figure 47. Power supply generated ripple at drive power connector

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

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Figure 48. Typical current wave form of the 12 V line at drive start up—listed by drive model

capacity

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Figure 51. Mounting hole locations, screw thread count, screw depths, and screw torque

specs

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Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

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49
50Figure 49. Energy consumption efficiency
51Figure 50. Hard disk assembly—physical dimensions

52
53Figure 52. Connector and jumper description
54Figure 53. Random vibration PSD profile break points—operating
55Figure 54. Random vibration PSD profile break points—nonoperating
56Figure 55. Sinusoidal shock wave
56Figure 56. Rotational Shock
56Figure 57. Sound power levels
67Figure 58. Register Set
68Figure 59. Alternate Status Register
69Figure 60. Device Control Register
69Figure 61. Drive Address Register
70Figure 62. Device/Head Register
70Figure 63. Error Register
72Figure 64. Status Register
75Figure 65. Reset Response table
76Figure 66. Default Register Values
76Figure 67. Diagnostic Codes
77Figure 68. Reset error register values
81Figure 69. Power conditions
84Figure 70. Initial Setting
85Figure 71. Usual Operation
86Figure 72. Password Lost
87Figure 73. Command table for device lock operation (1 of 2)
88Figure 73. Command table for device lock operation (2 of 2)
90Figure 74. Seek overlap

94Figure 75. Device address map before and after Set Feature
101Figure 76. Command set (1 of 2)
102Figure 76. Command set (2 of 2)
103Figure 77. Command set—Subcommand
105Figure 78. Check Power Mode Command (E5h/98h)
106Figure 79. Execute Device Diagnostic Command (90h)
107Figure 80. Flush Cache Command (E7h)
108Figure 81. Format Track Command (50h)
110Figure 82. Format Unit Command (F7h)
111Figure 83. Identify Device Command (ECh)
112Figure 84. Identify Device Information (1 of 6)
113Figure 84. Identify Device Information (2 of 6)
114Figure 84. Identify Device Information (3 of 6)
115Figure 84. Identify Device Information (4 of 6)
116Figure 84. Identify Device Information (5 of 6)
117Figure 84. Identify Device Information (6 of 6)
118Figure 85. Idle Command (E3h/97h)
120Figure 86. Idle Immediate Command (E1h/95h)
121Figure 87. Initialize Device Parameters Command (91h)
122Figure 88. NOP Command (00h)
123Figure 89. Read Buffer Command (E4h)
124Figure 90. Read DMA Command (C8h/C9h)
126Figure 91. Read DMA Queued Command (C7h)
128Figure 92. Read Long Command (22h/23h)

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130Figure 93. Read Multiple Command (C4h)
132Figure 94. Read Native Max LBA/CYL (F8h)
133Figure 95. Read Sectors Command (20h/21h)
135Figure 96. Read Verify Sectors Command (40h/41h)
137Figure 97. Recalibrate Command (1xh)
138Figure 98. Security Disable Password command (F6h)
138Figure 99. Password Information for Security Disable Password command
139Figure 100. Security Erase Prepare Command (F3h)
140Figure 101. Security Erase Unit Command (F4h)
141Figure 102. Erase Unit Information
142Figure 103. Security Freeze Lock Command (F5h)
143Figure 104. Security Set Password Command (F1h)
144Figure 105. Security Set Password Information
145Figure 106. Security Unlock Command (F2h)
146Figure 107. Seek Command (7xh)
147Figure 108. Service Command (A2h)
148Figure 109. Set Features Command (EFh)
149Figure 110. Output parameters to the device
151Figure 111. Set Max Address (F9h)
153Figure 112. Set Max Set Password
153Figure 113. Set Max Set Password data contents
154Figure 114. Set Max Lock
155Figure 115. Set Max Unlock (F9h)
156Figure 116. Set Max Freeze Lock (F9h)
157Figure 117. Set Multiple Command (C6h)
158Figure 118. Sleep Command (E6h/99h)
159Figure 119. S.M.A.R.T. Function Set Command (B0h)
160Figure 120. S.M.A.R.T. Function Set subcommands
162Figure 121. Log sector addresses
164Figure 122. Device Attributes Data Structure
165Figure 123. Individual Attribute Data Structure
165Figure 124. Attribute ID Numbers
169Figure 125. Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure
169Figure 126. Individual Threshold Data Structure
170Figure 127. SMART error log sector
171Figure 128. Error log data structure
171Figure 129. Command data structure
172Figure 130. Error data structure
173Figure 131. Self-test log data structure
174Figure 132. S.M.A.R.T. Error Codes
175Figure 133. Standby Command (E2h/96h)
177Figure 134. Standby Immediate Command (E0h/94h)
178Figure 135. Write Buffer Command (E8h)
179Figure 136. Write DMA Command (CAh/CBh)
181Figure 137. Write DMA Queued Command (CCh)
183Figure 138. Write Long Command (32h/33h)
185Figure 139. Write Multiple Command (C5h)
187Figure 140. Write Sectors Command (30h/31h)
189Figure 141. Command coverage (1 of 2)
190Figure 141. Command coverage (2 of 2)
191Figure 142. SET FEATURES command coverage

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

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1.0 General

This document describes the specifications of the following IBM 3.5-inch ATA interface hard disk drives:

y

IC35L010AVER07 (10 GB)

y

IC35L020AVER07 (20 GB)

y

IC35L030AVER07 (30 GB)

y

IC35L040AVER07 (40 GB)

y

IC35L060AVER07 (60 GB)

The specifications in this document are subject to change without notice.

1.1 Glossary

ESD Electrostatic Discharge
Kbpi 1,000 bits per inch
Ktpi 1,000 tracks per inch
Mbps 1,000,000 bits per second
GB 1,000,000,000 bytes
MB 1,000,000 bytes
KB 1,000 bytes unless otherwise specified
32 KB 32 x 1024 bytes
64 KB 64 x 1024 bytes
S.M.A.R.T. Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology
DFT Drive Fitness Test
ADM Automatic Drive Maintenance

1.2 General caution

The drive can be damaged by shock or ESD (Electrostatic Discharge). Any damage sustained by the
drive after removal from the shipping package and opening the ESD protective bag are the responsibility
of the user.

1.3 References

y

ATA Interface Specification [ATA/ATAPI-5 (T13/1321D Revision 2)]

y

Information Technology-AT Attachment with Packet Interface-5

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2.0 General features

y

Data capacities of 20 GB, 40 GB, and 60 GB

y

Enhanced IDE (ATA-5) interface

y

Sector format of 512 bytes/sector

y

Closed Loop actuator servo

y

A Load/Un-load mechanism with no head-to-disk contact during start/stop

y

Automatic actuator lock

y

Interleave factor 1:1

y

Seek time of 8.5 ms in Read Operation (8.2 ms typical without Command Overhead)

y

Size of sector buffer is 2048 KB
Upper 132 KB used for firmware

y

Ring buffer implementation

y

Queued feature support

y

Write Cache

y

Advanced ECC On The Fly (EOF)

y

Addition to the above, Automatic Error Recovery procedures for read and write commands

y

Self Diagnostics on Power on and resident diagnostics

y

PIO Data Transfer - Mode 4 (16.6 MB/sec)

y

DMA Data Transfer

• Multiword DMA : Mode 2 (16.6 MB/sec)

• Ultra DMA : Mode 5 (100 MB/sec)

y

CHS and LBA mode

y

Transparent Defect Management with ADR (Automatic Defect Reallocation)

y

S.M.A.R.T. (Self Monitoring and Analysis Reporting Technology)

y

Power saving modes/Low RPM idle mode (APM)

y

Support security feature

y

Quiet Seek mode (AAM)

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

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Part 1. Functional specification

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

5

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3.0 Fixed disk subsystem description

)

3.1 Control Electronics

The drive is electronically controlled by a microprocessor, several logic modules, digital/analog modules,
and various drivers and receivers. The control electronics performs the following major functions:

y

Controls and interprets all interface signals between the host controller and the drive

y

Controls read write accessing of the disk media, including defect management and error recovery

y

Controls starting, stopping, and monitoring of the spindle

y

Conducts a power-up sequence and calibrates the servo

y

Analyzes servo signals to provide closed loop control. These include position error signal and
estimated velocity

y

Monitors the actuator position and determines the target track for a seek operation

y

Controls the voice coil motor driver to align the actuator in a desired position

y

Constantly monitors error conditions of the servo and takes corresponding action if an error occurs

y

Monitors various timers such as head settle and servo failure

y

Performs self-checkout (diagnostics

3.2 Head disk assembly

The head disk assembly (HDA) is assembled in a clean room environment and contains the disks and
actuator assembly. Air is constantly circulated and filtered when the drive is operational. Venting of the
HDA is accomplished using a breather filter.

The spindle is driven directly by an in-hub, brushless, sensorless DC drive motor. Dynamic braking is
used to quickly stop the spindle.

3.3 Actuator

The read/write heads are mounted in the actuator. The actuator is a swing-arm assembly driven by a
voice coil motor. A closed-loop positioning servo controls the movement of the actuator. An embedded
servo pattern supplies feedback to the positioning servo to keep the read/write heads centered over the
desired track.

The actuator assembly is balanced to allow vertical or horizontal mounting without adjustment.
When the drive is powered off, the actuator automatically moves the head to the actuator ramp outside of

the disk where it is parked.

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4.0 Fixed disk characteristics

4.1 Formatted capacity

Physical Layout

cylinder

Logical layout

Figure 1. Formatted Capacity

Note

(1):

Logical Layout

Note

(2):

(1)

Logical layout is an imaginary HDD parameter (that is the number of Heads) which is used to access the
HDD from the system interface. The Logical layout to Physical layout (that is the actual number of Head
and Sectors) translation is done automatically in the HDD. The default setting can be obtained by issuing
an IDENTIFY DEVICE command.

Number of Cylinders

For drives with capacities greater than 8.45 GB the identify device information word 01 limits the number
of cylinders to 16,383 per the ATA specification.

60 GB40 GB30 GB20 GB10 GBDrive capacity

61.54130.720.510Label capacity (GB)
512512512512512Bytes per sector

373–780373–780373–780373–780373–780Sectors per track

64321Number of data heads
32211Number of data disks

2238–46801492–31201119–2340746–1560373–780Data sectors per

1100–27001100–27001100–27001100–27001100–2700Data cylinders per zone

1616161616Number of heads
6363636363Number of sectors/track

16,38316,38316,38316,38316,383Number of cylinders (2)

120,103,20080,418,24060,036,48040,188,96020,074,320Number of sectors

61,492,838,40041,174,138,88030,738,677,76020,576,747,52010,278,051,840Total logical data bytes

4.2 Data sheet

Data transfer rates (host to/from buffer)
—Interface transfer rate

Figure 2. Mechanical positioning performance

1

The Upper 132 KB is used for firmware

1

7,200 (RPM)Rotational Speed

495 (Mb/s)Data transfer rates (buffer to/from media)
100 (MB/s)
2,048 (KB)Data buffer size

Up to 12Number of Buffer segments (read)
Up to 44Number of Buffer segments (write)

Up to 44 (kBPI)Recording Density

34 (kTPI)Track Density

14.8 (Gb/in

2

)Areal Density

18Data Bands

.

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

9

4.3 Performance Characteristics

A file performance is characterized by the following parameters:

y

Command Overhead

y

Mechanical Positioning

• Seek Time

• Latency

y

Data Transfer Speed

y

Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write cache)

Note: All the above parameters contribute to file performance. There are other parameters that contribute
to the performance of the actual system. This specification tries to define the bare file characteristics, not
the system throughput which will depends on the system and the application.

4.3.1 Command Overhead

Command Overhead is defined as described in the following table.

Command Type (Files is in quiescence state)

Read (Cache not hit) (from Command issue to
Seek Start)

All numerical values are average times.

Figure 3. Command Overhead

Time (typical)

(ms)

Time (typical)@queue command

(ms)

0.30.3

0.10.1Read (Cache hit) (from Command issue to DRQ)

0.050.01Write (from Command issue to DRQ)
n/a0.3Seek (from Command issue to Seek Start)

4.3.2 Mechanical positioning

4.3.2.1 Average Seek Time (Without Command Overhead, Including Settling)

Command Type

Figure 4. Mechanical Positioning Performance

Time (Typical)

(ms)

Maximum

(ms)

9.28.2Read

10.29.2Write)

20.519.5Read (Quiet Seek Mode)

21.520.5Write (Quiet Seek Mode)

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

10

The terms "Typical" and "Max" are used throughout this specification with the following meanings:

)

4.3.2.2

Typical.

The average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and

voltage conditions.

Maximum or Max.

The maximum value measured on any one drive over the full range of the
environmental and voltage conditions. (See Sections 9.2 "Environment" on page 47 and 9.3
"DC Power Requirements" on page 48.)

The seek time is measured from the start of motion of the actuator until a reliable read
or write operation may be started. Reliable read or write implies that error
correction/recovery is not employed to correct for arrival problems. The Average Seek
Time is measured as the weighted average of all possible seek combinations.

max

SUM (max + 1 – n) (Tnin + Tn

n=1

out

)

Weighted Average = -------------------------------------------

(max + 1) (max)

Where: max = Maximum Seek Length
n = Seek Length ( 1 to max )
Tn
Tn

= Inward measured seek time for a n track seek

in

= Outward measured seek time for a n track seek

out

Full Stroke Seek (Without Command Overhead, Including Settling)

Function

Typical

(ms)

Maximum

(ms)

17.714.7Read

18.715.7Write

35.532.5Read (Quiet Seek Mode)

33.533.5Write (Quiet Seek Mode)

Figure 5.

Full Stroke Seek Time

Full stroke seek is measured as the average of 1000 full stroke seeks with a random head switch from
both directions—inward and outward.

4.3.2.3

Head Switch Time (Head Skew)

1.4 msHead Switch Time (Typical

Figure 6. Head Switch Time

A head switch time is defined as the amount of time required by the fixed disk to complete seek the next
sequential track after reading the last sector in the current track.

The measurement method is given in Section 4.3.6, "Throughput" on page 13.

4.3.2.4 Cylinder Switch Time (Cylinder Skew)

1.8 msCylinder Switch Time (Typical)

Figure 7. Cylinder Switch Time

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

11

A cylinder switch time is defined as the amount of time required by the fixed disk to complete seek the
next sequential block after reading the last track in the current cylinder.

The measurement method is given in section 4.3.6, "Throughput" on page 13.

4.3.2.5 Single Track Seek Time (Without Command Overhead, Including Settling)

Function

Figure 8. Single Track Seek Time

Single track seek is measured as the average of one (1) single track seek from every track with a random
head switch in both direction (inward and outward).

Typical

(ms)

Maximum

(ms)

1.50.8Read

2.01.3Write

1.50.8Read (Quiet Seek Mode)

2.01.3Write (Quiet Seek Mode)

4.3.2.6 Average latency

Rotational speed

(RPM)

Figure 9. Latency Time

Time/revolution

(ms)

Average latency

(ms)

4.178.37,200

4.3.3 Drive ready time

Maximum (seconds)Typical (seconds)Power on to ready

(Disks)

3171
3192
31113

Figure 10. Drive ready time

The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command

Ready

(for example—read, write) immediately.

Power on

This includes the time required for the internal self diagnostics.

Note: Max Power On to ready time is the maximum time period that Device 0 waits for Device 1 to assert
PDIAG–.

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

12

4.3.4 Data Transfer Speed—60 GB model

Mb/sDescription

Disk-Buffer Transfer (Zone 0)

48.0Instantaneous (Typical)

40.8Sustained (read Typical)

Disk-Buffer Transfer (Zone 17)

24.6Instantaneous (Typical)

19.5Sustained (read Typical)

Buffer-Host (maximum)

Figure 11. Data Transfer Speed

y

Instantaneous Disk-Buffer Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec) is derived by:

(Number of Sectors on a track) * 512 * (Revolution/sec)

Note: Number of sectors per track will vary because of the linear density recording.

y

Sustained Disk-Buffer Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec) is defined by considering head/cylinder change time
for read operation. This gives a local average data transfer rate. It is derived by:

(Sustained Transfer Rate) = A/(B + C + D)

A = (Number of Data Sectors per Cylinder) * 512
B = (# of Surface per cylinder) - 1) * (Head Switch Time)
C = (Cylinder Change Time)
D = (# of Surface) * (One Revolution Time)

100

y

Instantaneous Buffer-Host Transfer Rate (Mbyte/sec) defines the maximum data transfer rate on AT
Bus. It also depends on the speed of the host.

The measurement method is given in section 4.3.6 "Throughput" on page 13.

4.3.5 Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write cache)

To improve the total performance, the file utilizes a ring buffer for look ahead and write cache. The total
of 1916 KB of the buffer is divided into multiple segmented blocks for write buffer or read buffer use.

4.3.6 Throughput

4.3.6.1 Simple sequential access

The following figure illustrates the case of 3-disk Disk Enclosure.

Operation

Figure 12. Simple sequential access performance

The above table gives the time required to read/write for a total of 8000h consecutive blocks
(16,777,216 bytes) accessed by 128 read commands. The Typical and Maximum values are given by
105% and 110% of T respectively throughout following performance description.

Typical

(second)

Maximum

(second)

0.470.44Sequential Read (Zone 0)

0.960.92Sequential Read (Zone 17)

Note: It is assumed that a host system responds instantaneously and that the host data transfer is faster
than the sustained data rate.

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

13

T = A + B + C + (16,777,216/D) + (512/E) (READ)
where

T = Calculated time (in seconds)
A = Command process time (Command Overhead) (in seconds)
B = Average seek time (in seconds)
C = Average latency (in seconds)
D = Sustained disk-buffer transfer rate (bytes/s)

E = Buffer-host transfer rate (bytes/s)

4.3.6.2 Random access

The following figure illustrates the case of 3-disk Disk Enclosure.

Maximum (s)Typical (s)Operation

6055Random Read

Figure 13. Random Access Performance

The above table gives the time required to execute a total of 1000h read/write commands which access a
random LBA.

T = (A + B + C + 512/D + 512/E) * 4096 (READ) where

T = Calculated time (in seconds)
A = Command process time (Command Overhead) (in seconds)
B = Average seek time (in seconds)
C = Latency
D = Average sustained disk-buffer transfer rate (bytes/sec)
E = Buffer-host transfer rate (bytes/sec)

Deskstar 60 GXP Hard disk drive specification

14

4.3.7 Operating modes

Operating mode

Idle

Standby

Sleep

Figure 14. Operating mode

Start up time period from spindle stop or power downSpin-up
Seek operation modeSeek

Write operation modeWrite
Read operation modeRead
Spindle rotation @4,500 RPM with heads unloadedLow RPM Idle
Spindle rotation @7,200 RPM with heads unloadedUnload Idle
The spindle motor and servo system are working
normally
immediately
The actuator is unloaded and spindle motor is
stopped. Commands can be received immediately.
The actuator is unloaded and spindle motor is
stopped. Only a soft reset or hard reset can change
the mode to standby.

s

Commands can be received and processed

.

.

Description

Note: Upon power down or spindle stop a head locking mechanism will secure the heads in the
OD parking position.

4.3.8 Mode transition times

Mode transition times are shown below.

RPMToFrom

IdleStandby

(3 disks) 11 seconds (typical)

0–7200

4500–7200IdleLow RPM Idle

Transition time (typical)

(seconds)

31 (max.)

Immediately7200–0StandbyIdle
Immediately0SleepStandby
Immediately0StandbySleep

1.1 (typical)7,200IdleUnload Idle

4.8 seconds

(3 Disks, typical)

Note: The actual spin down time will exist, however the command will be processed immediately.

Figure 15. Mode transition times

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