IBM IC25N040ATCS04, IC25N030ATCS04, Travelstar 60GH, IC25N020ATCS04, IC25N010ATCS04 Specifications

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IBM
Hard disk drive specifications
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN
2.5 inch ATA/IDE hard disk drive
IC25T060ATCS05Models: IC25N040ATCS04 IC25N030ATCS04 IC25N020ATCS04 IC25N010ATCS04
Revision 3.0 22 January 2002
S07N-7681-09 Publication # 1540
IBM
Hard disk drive specifications
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN
2.5 inch ATA/IDE hard disk drive
IC25T060ATCS05Models: IC25N040ATCS04 IC25N030ATCS04 IC25N020ATCS04 IC25N010ATCS04
Revision 3.0 22 January 2002
S07N-7681-09 Publication # 1540
1st Edition (Revision 0.1) S07N-7681-00 (19 September 2001) Preliminary 2nd Edition (Revision 0.2) S07N-7681-01 (23 October 2001) Preliminary 3rd Edition (Revision 0.3) S07N-7681-02 (25 October 2001) Preliminary 4th Edition (Revision 0.4) S07N-7681-03 (29 October 2001) Preliminary 5th Edition (Revision 0.5) S07N-7681-04 (1 November 2001) Preliminary 6th Edition (Revision 0.6) S07N-7681-05 (2 November 2001) Preliminary 7th Edition (Revision 0.7) S07N-7681-06 (5 November 2001) Preliminary 8th Edition (Revision 1.0) S07N-7681-07 (16 November 2001) 9th Edition (Revision 2.0) S07N-7681-08 (4 December 2001) 10th Edition (Revision 3.0) S07N-7681-09 (22 January 2002)
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to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
Table of contents
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Part 1. Functional specification
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viiFigures
11.0 General
11.1 Abbreviations
31.2 References
31.3 General caution
31.4 Drive handling precautions
52.0 General features
7
93.0 Fixed disk subsystem description
93.1 Control Electronics
93.2 Head disk assembly data
114.0 Fixed disk characteristics
114.1 Formatted capacity by model number
124.2 Data sheet
124.3 Cylinder allocation by model number
144.4 Performance characteristics
144.4.1 Command overhead
154.4.2 Mechanical positioning
174.4.3 Operating modes
195.0 Data integrity
195.1 Data loss on power off
195.2 Write Cache
195.3 Equipment status
205.4 WRITE safety
205.5 Data buffer test
205.6 Error recovery
205.7 Automatic reallocation
205.7.1 Nonrecovered write errors
205.7.2 Nonrecoverable read error
205.7.3 Recovered read errors
215.8 ECC
236.0 Specification
236.1 Environment
236.1.1 Temperature and humidity
246.1.2 Radiation noise
246.1.3 Conductive noise
246.1.4 Magnetic fields
256.2 DC power requirements
266.2.1 Power consumption efficiency
266.3 Start up Current
286.4 Reliability
286.4.1 Data reliability
286.4.2 Failure prediction (S.M.A.R.T.)
286.4.3 Cable noise interference
286.4.4 Service life and usage condition
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
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296.4.5 Preventive maintenance
296.4.6 Load/unload
316.5 Mechanical specifications
316.5.1 Physical dimensions and weight
316.5.2 Mounting hole locations
326.5.3 Connector and jumper description
326.5.4 Mounting orientation
336.5.5 Load/unload mechanism
346.6 Vibration and shock
346.6.1 Operating vibration
356.6.2 Nonoperating vibration
356.6.3 Operating shock
366.6.4 Nonoperating shock
376.7 Acoustics
376.7.1 Sound power level
386.7.2 Discrete tone penalty
396.8 Identification labels
396.9 Electromagnetic compatibility
396.9.1 CE Mark
396.9.2 C-Tick Mark
406.10 Safety
406.10.1 UL and CSA approval
406.10.2 IEC compliance
406.10.3 German Safety Mark
406.10.4 Flammability
406.10.5 Secondary circuit protection
406.11 Packaging
417.0 Electrical interface specifications
417.1 Cabling
417.2 Interface connector
427.3 Signal definitions
447.4 Signal descriptions
477.5 Interface logic signal levels
477.6 Reset timings
487.7 PIO timings
497.8 Multiword DMA timings
507.9 Ultra DMA timings
507.9.1 Initiating Read DMA
517.9.2 Host Pausing Read DMA
527.9.3 Host Terminating Read DMA
537.9.4 Device Terminating Read DMA
547.9.5 Initiating Write DMA
557.9.6 Device Pausing Write DMA
567.9.7 Device Terminating Write DMA
577.9.8 Host Terminating Write DMA
587.10 Drive address setting
587.10.1 Drive default address setting
597.11 Addressing of HDD registers
Part 2. Interface specification
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iv
61
638.0 General
638.1 Introduction
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638.2 Terminology
659.0 Deviations from standard
6710.0 Registers
6810.1 Alternate Status Register
6810.2 Command Register
6810.3 Cylinder High Register
6810.4 Cylinder Low Register
6910.5 Data Register
6910.6 Device Control Register
7010.7 Drive Address Register
7010.8 Device/Head Register
7110.9 Error Register
7110.10 Features Register
7110.11 Sector Count Register
7210.12 Sector Number Register
7210.13 Status Register
7311.0 General operation descriptions
7311.1 Reset response
7511.2 Register initialization
7611.3 Diagnostic and Reset considerations
7711.4 Power-off considerations
7711.4.1 Load/Unload
7711.4.2 Emergency unload
7811.4.3 Required power-off sequence
7811.5 Sector Addressing Mode
7811.5.1 Logical CHS addressing mode
7911.5.2 LBA addressing mode
8011.6 Power management features
8011.6.1 Power Mode
8011.6.2 Power management commands
8011.6.3 Standby/Sleep command completion timing
8111.6.4 Standby timer
8111.6.5 Status
8111.6.6 Interface Capability for Power Modes
8111.6.7 Initial Power Mode at Power On
8211.7 Advanced Power Management (ABLE-3) feature
8211.7.1 Performance Idle Mode
8211.7.2 Active Idle Mode
8211.7.3 Low Power Idle Mode
8211.7.4 Transition Time
8411.8 S.M.A.R.T. Function
8411.8.1 Attributes
8411.8.2 Attribute values
8411.8.3 Attribute thresholds
8411.8.4 Threshold exceeded condition
8411.8.5 S.M.A.R.T. commands
8511.8.6 S.M.A.R.T. operation with power management modes
8611.9 Security Mode Feature Set
8611.9.1 Security Mode
8611.9.2 Security level
8611.9.3 Password
8711.9.4 Master Password Revision Code
8711.9.5 Operation example
9011.9.6 Command table
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
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9211.10 Protected Area Function
9211.10.1 Example for operation (In LBA Mode)
9311.10.2 Set Max security extension commands
9511.11 Address Offset Feature (vendor specific)
9511.11.1 Enable/Disable Address Offset Mode
9611.11.2 Identify Device Data
9611.11.3 Exceptions in Address Offset Mode
9711.12 Seek Overlap
9811.13 Write Cache function
9811.14 Delayed Write function (vendor specific)
9811.14.1 Enable/Disable Delayed Write command
9911.15 Reassign Function
9911.15.1 Auto Reassign Function
10112.0 Command protocol
10112.1 Data In commands
10312.2 Data Out commands
10512.3 Nondata commands
10612.4 DMA Data Transfer commands
10713.0 Command descriptions
11113.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h)
11213.2 Device Configuration Overlay (B1h)
11213.2.1 DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE (subcommand C0h)
11313.2.2 DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK (subcommand C1h)
11313.2.3 DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY (subcommand C2h)
11313.2.4 DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET (subcommand C3h)
11613.3 Enable/Disable Delayed Write (FAh: vendor specific)
11713.4 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h)
11813.5 Flush Cache (E7h)
11913.6 Format Track (50h: vendor specific)
12013.7 Format Unit (F7h: vendor specific)
12213.8 Identify Device (ECh)
13113.9 Idle (E3h/97h)
13213.10 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h)
13313.11 Initialize Device Parameters (91h)
13413.12 Read Buffer (E4h)
13513.13 Read DMA (C8h/C9h)
13713.14 Read Long (22h/23h)
13913.15 Read Multiple (C4h)
14113.16 Read Native Max ADDRESS (F8h)
14313.17 Read Sectors (20h/21h)
14513.18 Read Verify Sectors (40h/41h)
14713.19 Recalibrate (1xh)
14813.20 Security Disable Password (F6h)
14913.21 Security Erase Prepare (F3h)
15013.22 Security Erase Unit (F4h)
15213.23 Security Freeze Lock (F5h)
15313.24 Security Set Password (F1h)
15513.25 Security Unlock (F2h)
15713.26 Seek (7xh)
15813.27 Sense Condition (F0h: vendor specific)
15913.28 Set Features (EFh)
16113.29 Set Max ADDRESS (F9h)
16313.30 Set Multiple (C6h)
16413.31 Sleep (E6h/99h)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
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16513.32 S.M.A.R.T. Function Set (B0h)
16613.32.1 S.M.A.R.T. Function Subcommands
17013.32.2 Device Attributes Data Structure
17513.32.3 Device Attribute Thresholds data structure
17713.32.4 S.M.A.R.T. error log sector
18013.32.5 Self-test log data structure
18113.32.6 Error reporting
18213.33 Standby (E2h/96h)
18313.34 Standby Immediate (E0h/94h)
18413.35 Write Buffer (E8h)
18513.36 Write DMA (CAh/CBh)
18713.37 Write Long (32h/33h)
18913.38 Write Multiple (C5h)
19113.39 Write Sectors (30h/31h)
19313.40 Write Verify (3Ch: vendor specific)
19514.0 Time-out values
19715.0 Appendix
19715.1 Commands Support Coverage
19915.2 SET FEATURES Command Support Coverage
20015.3 Changes from Travelstar 48GH, 30GN & 15GN 201Index
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3Figure 1. Handling Precaution 1
3Figure 2. Handling Precaution 2 11Figure 3. Formatted capacity by model number. 12Figure 4. Data sheet 12Figure 5. Cylinder allocation of 60 GB model 13Figure 6. Cylinder allocation — all models except 60 GB (high TPI format) 13Figure 7. Cylinder allocation — all models except 60 GB (low TPI format) 14Figure 8. Performance characteristics 15Figure 9. Mechanical positioning performance 15Figure 10. Full stroke seek time 16Figure 11. Single track seek time 16Figure 12. Latency time 16Figure 13. Drive ready time 17Figure 14. Operating mode 17Figure 15. Drive ready time 21Figure 16. Examples of error cases. 23Figure 17. Environmental condition 23Figure 18. Limits of temperature and humidity 24Figure 19. Magnetic flux density limits 25Figure 20. DC Power requirements 26Figure 21. Power consumption efficiency 26Figure 22. Typical current wave form at start up of 60 GB model 27Figure 23. Typical current wave form at start up of 40 GB model 27Figure 24. Typical current wave form at start up of 20 GB model) 31Figure 25. Physical dimensions and weight 31Figure 26. Mounting hole locations of the 60 GB model. 32Figure 27. Mounting hole locations of all models except 60 GB model. 34Figure 28. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating) 34Figure 29. Swept sine vibration 35Figure 30. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating) 35Figure 31. Operating shock 36Figure 32. Nonoperating shock 37Figure 33. Weighted sound power 41Figure 34. Interface connector pin assignments 42Figure 35. Signal definition 43Figure 36. Special signal definitions for Ultra DMA 47Figure 37. System reset timings 48Figure 38. PIO cycle timings 49Figure 39. Multiword DMA cycle timings 50Figure 40. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Initiating Read) 51Figure 41. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Pausing Read) 52Figure 42. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Terminating Read) 53Figure 43. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Read) 54Figure 44. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Initiating Write) 55Figure 45. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Pausing Write) 56Figure 46. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Write) 57Figure 47. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Terminating Write) 58Figure 48. Drive address setting 59Figure 49. I/O address map
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
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Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
x
67Figure 50. Register Set 68Figure 51. Alternate Status Register 69Figure 52. Device Control Register 70Figure 53. Drive Address Register 70Figure 54. Device/Head Register 71Figure 55. Error Register 72Figure 56. Status Register 74Figure 57. Reset response table 75Figure 58. Default Register Values 75Figure 59. Diagnostic Codes 76Figure 60. Reset error register values 77Figure 61. Device behavior by ATA commands. 81Figure 62. Power conditions 87Figure 63. Initial setting 88Figure 64. Usual operation for POR 89Figure 65. Password lost 90Figure 66. Command table for device lock operation (1 of 2) 91Figure 67. Command table for device lock operation (2 of 2) 93Figure 68. Set Max SET PASSWORD data content 94Figure 69. Set Max security mode transition 95Figure 70. Device address map before and after Set Feature
97Figure 71. Seek overlap 107Figure 72. Command set (1 of 2) 108Figure 73. Command set (2 of 2) 109Figure 74. Command Set (Subcommand) 111Figure 75. Check Power Mode command (E5h/98h) 112Figure 76. Check Power Mode Command (E5h/98h) 112Figure 77. Device Configuration Overlay Features register values 114Figure 78. Device Configuration Overlay Data structure 115Figure 79. DCO error information definition 116Figure 80. Enable/Disable Delayed Write command (FAh) 117Figure 81. Execute Device Diagnostic command (90h) 118Figure 82. Flush Cache command (E7h) 119Figure 83. Format Track command (50h) 120Figure 84. Format Unit command (F7h) 122Figure 85. Identify Device command (ECh) 123Figure 86. Identify device information. (Part 1 of 7) 124Figure 87. Identify device information. (Part 2 of 7) 125Figure 88. Identify device information. (Part 3 of 7) 126Figure 89. Identify device information. (Part 4 of 7) 127Figure 90. Identify device information. (Part 5 of 7) 128Figure 91. Identify device information. (Part 6 of 7) 129Figure 92. Identify device information. (Part 7 of 7) 130Figure 93. Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by model. 131Figure 94. Idle command (E3h/97h) 132Figure 95. Idle Immediate command (E1h/95h) 133Figure 96. Initialize Device Parameters command (91h) 134Figure 97. Read Buffer command (E4h) 135Figure 98. Read DMA command (C8h/C9h) 137Figure 99. Read Long command (22h/23h) 139Figure 100. Read Multiple command (C4h) 141Figure 101. Read Native Max ADDRESS (F8h) 143Figure 102. Read Sectors command (20h/21h) 145Figure 103. Read Verify Sectors command (40h/41h)
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147Figure 104. Recalibrate command (1xh) 148Figure 105. Security Disable Password command (F6h) 148Figure 106. Password Information for Security Disable Password command 149Figure 107. Security Erase Prepare command (F3h) 150Figure 108. Security Erase Unit command (F4h) 150Figure 109. Erase Unit information 152Figure 110. Security Freeze Lock command (F5h) 153Figure 111. Security Set Password command (F1h) 154Figure 112. Security Set Password information 155Figure 113. Security Unlock command (F2h) 156Figure 114. Security Unlock information 157Figure 115. Seek command (7xh) 158Figure 116. Sense Condition Command (F0h) 159Figure 117. Set Features command (EFh) 161Figure 118. Set Max ADDRESS (F9h) 163Figure 119. Set Multiple command (C6h) 164Figure 120. Sleep command (E6h/99h) 165Figure 121. S.M.A.R.T. Function Set command (B0h) 167Figure 122. Log sector addresses 170Figure 123. Device Attribute Data Structure 171Figure 124. Individual Attribute Data Structure 172Figure 125. Status Flag definitions 175Figure 126. Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure 176Figure 127. Individual Threshold Data Structure 177Figure 128. S.M.A.R.T. error log sector 177Figure 129. Error log data structure 178Figure 130. Command data structure 179Figure 131. Error data structure 180Figure 132. Self-test log data structure 181Figure 133. S.M.A.R.T. Error Codes 182Figure 134. Standby command (E2h/96h) 183Figure 135. Standby Immediate command (E0h/94h) 184Figure 136. Write Buffer command (E8h) 185Figure 137. Write DMA command (CAh/CBh) 187Figure 138. Write Long command (32h/33h) 189Figure 139. Write Multiple command (C5h) 191Figure 140. Write Sectors command (30h/31h) 195Figure 141. Time-out values 197Figure 142. Command coverage (1 of 2) 198Figure 143. Command coverage (2 of 2) 199Figure 144. SET FEATURES command coverage
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1.0 General
This document describes the specifications of the IBM Travelstar 60GH & 40GN, a 2.5-inch hard disk drive with ATA/IDE interface:
Rotation speed (rpm)Height (mm)Capacity (GB)Model NumberDrive name
5,40012.560IC25T060ATCS05Travelstar 60GH 4,2009.540IC25N040ATCS04Travelstar 40GN 4,2009.530IC25N030ATCS04Travelstar 40GN 4,2009.520IC25N020ATCS04Travelstar 40GN 4,2009.510IC25N010ATCS04Travelstar 40GN
Part 1 of this document beginning on page 7 defines the hardware functional specification. Part 2 of this document beginning on page 61 defines the interface specification
These specifications are subject to change without notice.
1.1 Abbreviations
MeaningAbbreviation
32 x 1024 bytes32 KB 64 x 1024 bytes64 KB inch" ampA alternating currentAC Advanced TechnologyAT Advanced Technology AttachmentATA unit of sound powerBels Basic Input/Output SystemBIOS degrees Celsius°C Canadian Standards AssociationCSA Canadian-Underwriters LaboratoryC-UL cylinderCyl direct currentDC Drive Fitness TestDFT Direct Memory AccessDMA error correction codeECC European Economic CommunityEEC electromagnetic compatibilityEMC Error Recovery ProcedureERP electrostatic dischargeESD Federal Communications CommissionFCC field replacement unitFRU gravity, a unit of forceG 1 000 000 000 bitsGb 1 000 000 000 bytesGB
2
/Hz
1 000 000 000 bits per square inchGb/sq.in. (32 ft/sec) groundGND hexadecimalh hard disk driveHDD
2
per HertzG
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
1
us, µs
PIO
hertzHz InputI integrated lead suspensionILS impedanceimped Input/OutputI/O International Standards OrganizationISO 1,000 bytesKB 1,000 Bit Per InchKbpi kilogram (force)-centimeterkgf-cm kilohertzKHz logical block addressingLBA unit of A-weighted sound powerLw meterm maximummax. or Max. 1,000,000 bytesMB 1,000,000 Bit per secondMbps 1,000,000 Bit per secondMb/sec 1,000,000 bytes per secondMB/sec 1,000 ,00 bits per square inchMb/sq.in. megahertzMHz Machine Level ControlMLC millimetermm millisecondms microsecond numberNo. or # oscillations per minuteoct/min OutputO Open Drain Programmed Input/OutputOD
power on hoursPOH populationPop. part numberP/N peak-to-peakp-p power spectral densityPSD radiated electromagnetic susceptibilityRES radio frequency interferenceRFI relative humidityRH per cent relative humidity% RH root mean squareRMS revolutions per minuteRPM resetRST read/writeR/W secondsec sectors per trackSect/Trk secondary low voltageSELV Self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technologyS.M.A.R.T tracks per inchTPI trackTrk. transistor-transistor logicTTL Underwriters LaboratoryUL voltV Verband Deutscher ElectrotechnikerVDE wattW transistor-transistor tristate logic3-state
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
2
1.2 References
ATA/ATAPI-5 (T13/1321D Revision 3)
1.3 General caution
! Do not apply force to the top cover (See figure below).
! Do not cover the breathing hole on the top cover (See figure below).
! Do not touch the interface connector pins or the surface of the printed circuit board.
! The drive can be damaged by shock or ESD (Electric Static Discharge). Any damages incurred to
the drive after removing it from the shipping package and the ESD protective bag are the responsi­bility of the user
1.4 Drive handling precautions
Do not press on the drive cover during handling.
Figure
Figure 2. Handling Precaution 2
. Handling Precaution 1
1
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2.0 General features
" 2.5-inch, 12.5- and 9.5-mm Height MCC
" Formatted capacities of 60 GB, 40 GB, 30
" 512 bytes/sector
Interface (Enhanced
AT
"
" Integrated controller
" No-ID recording format
" Coding : 96/104 MTR
" Multi zone recording
On-The-Fly
" Enhanced
# 40 bytes 3 way Interleaved Reed Solomon Code # 5 bytes per interleave On-The-Fly correction
" Segmented Buffer with write cache
# 2 MB - Upper 280 KB is used for firmware
" Fast data transfer rate (up to 100 MB/s)
" Media data transfer rate (max):
# 60-GB model - 261 Mb/s # all other models - 245 Mb/s
" Average seek time: 12 ms for read
ECC
) conforming to ATA/ATAPI-5
IDE
Compliance
GB,
20
and 10 GB
GB,
" Closed-loop actuator servo (Embedded Sector Servo)
" Rotary voice coil motor actuator
" Load/Unload mechanism
" Mechanical latch
" Adaptive power save control
# 60-GB model - 0.9 Watts at idle state # all other models - 0.65 Watts at idle state
" Power on to ready
# 60-GB model - 5.0 sec # all other models - 3.0 sec
" Operating shock
# 60-GB model - 150 G/2ms # all other models - 200 G/2ms
" Nonoperating shock
# 60-GB model - 700 G/1ms # all other models - 800 G/1ms
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
5
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Part 1. Functional specification
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7
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3.0 Fixed disk subsystem description
3.1 Control Electronics
The control electronics works with the following functions:
! AT Interface Protocol
! Embedded Sector Servo
! No-ID (TM) formatting
! Multizone recording
! Code: 96/104 MTR
! ECC On-The-Fly
! Enhanced Adaptive Battery Life Extender
3.2 Head disk assembly data
The following technologies are used in the drive:
! Pico Slider
! Smooth glass disk
! GMR head
! Integrated lead suspension (ILS)
! Load/unload mechanism
! Mechanical latch
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9
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4.0 Fixed disk characteristics
4.1 Formatted capacity by model number
Physical Layout
Sectors per Track low TPI format high TPI format
Logical Layout
Physical Layout
Sectors per Track low TPI format high TPI format
Logical Layout
307–556
360–672 336–648
360–672 336–648
IC25N030ATCS04IC25N040ATCS04IC25T060ATCS05Description
512512512Bytes per Sector
360–672 336–648
348Number of Heads 224Number of Disks
161616Number of Heads 636363Number of Sectors/ Track
16,38316,38316,383Number of Cylinders
58,605,12078,140,160117,210,240Number of Sectors
30,005,821,44040,007,761,92060,011,642,880Total Logical Data Bytes
IC25N010ATCS04IC25N020ATCS04Description
512512Bytes per Sector
360–672 336–648
12Number of Heads 11Number of Disks
1616Number of Heads 6363Number of Sectors/ Track
16,38316,383Number of Cylinders
19,640,88039,070,080Number of Sectors
10,056,130,56020,003,880,960Total Logical Data Bytes
Figure 3. Formatted capacity by model number.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
11
4.2 Data sheet
60-GB model
146–262 Data transfer rates (buffer to/from media) (Mbps)
Data transfer rates (Mbyte/sec) ULTRA DMA 100
459Recording density (Kbpi) (Max)
60.4Track density (Ktpi)
Figure 4. Data sheet
4.3 Cylinder allocation by model number
60-GB model
No. of Sectors/TrkCylinderZone
556 0–10230 5441024–20471 5282048–46072 5124608–69113 4996912–92154 4809216–130555 46013056–156156 44815616–174077 43217408–202238 41620224–222719 40322272–2431910 38424320–2739111 36427392–2918312 35229184–3097513 33630976–3353514 30733536–3507115
All other
models
4,2005,400Rotational Speed (RPM)
130–245 125–241
100100
528 509
63.5
66.4
3428Areal density (Gb/sq.in.- Max)
1616Number of zones
Figure 5. Cylinder allocation of 60 GB model
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
12
All other models - high TPI format
No. of Sectors/TrkCylinderZone
648 0–5110 640512–25591 6242560–48632 6004864–92153 5769216–115194 56011520–138235 54013824–168956 52016896–199677 50419968–215038 48021504–248319 45024832–2713510 44027136–2867111 42028672–3123112 40031232–3379113 36033792–3763114 33637632–3993515
Figure 6. Cylinder allocation — all models except 60 GB (high TPI format)
All other models - low TPI format
No. of Sectors/TrkCylinderZone
672 0–7670 660768–33271 6403328–66552 6246656–87033 6008704–122874 57612288–153595 56015360–171516 54017152–199677 52019968–220158 50422016–232959 48023296–2534310 48025344–2687911 45026880–2815912 42028160–3174313 38431744–3532714 36035328–3814315
Figure 7. Cylinder allocation — all models except 60 GB (low TPI format)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
13
4.4 Performance characteristics
Drive performance is characterized by the following parameters:
! Command Overhead
! Mechanical Positioning
# Seek Time
# Latency
! Data Transfer Speed
! Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write Cache)
Note: All the above parameters contribute to drive performance. There are other parameters which contri­bute to the performance of the actual system. This specification defines the essential characteristics of the drive. This specification does not include the system throughput as this is dependent upon the system and the application.
The following table gives a typical value for each parameter. The detailed descriptions are found in section 5.0.
All other models60-GBFunction
1212Average Random Seek Time - Read (ms)
1414Average Random Seek Time - Write (ms)
42005400Rotational Speed (RPM)
3.05.0Power-on-to-ready (sec)
1.01.0Command overhead (ms)
146-261Disk-buffer data transfer (Mb/s)
Figure 8. Performance characteristics
130-245 125-241
100100Buffer-host data transfer (MB/s)
4.4.1 Command overhead
Command overhead time is defined as the interval from the time that a drive receives a command to the time that the actuator starts its motion.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
14
4.4.2 Mechanical positioning
4.4.2.1 Average seek time (including settling)
Max. (ms)Typical (ms)Command Type
1612Read 1714Write
Figure 9. Mechanical positioning performance
Typical and Max. are defined throughout the performance specification as follows:
Average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and voltage conditions.Typical
Max.
The seek time is measured from the start of motion of the actuator to the start of a reliable read or write operation. A reliable read or write operation implies that error correction/recovery is not employed to cor­rect arrival problems. The Average Seek Time is measured as the weighted average of all possible seek combinations.
Weighted Average = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Maximum value measured on any one drive over the full range of the environmental and voltage conditions. (See section 6.1, "Environment" on page 23 and section 6.2, "DC power requirements" on page 25)
max.
Σ (max. + 1 – n)(Tn
n=1
+ Tn
in
out
)
(max. + 1)(max)
Where: max. = maximum seek length n = seek length (1-to-max.) Tn Tn
= inward measured seek time for an n-track seek
in
= outward measured seek time for an n-track seek
out
4.4.2.2 Full stroke seek
Max. (ms)Typical (ms)Command Type
30.023.0Read
31.024.0Write
Figure 10. Full stroke seek time
Full stroke seek time in milliseconds is the average time of 1000 full stroke seeks.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
15
4.4.2.3 Single track seek time (without command overhead, including settling)
n
Maximum (ms)Typical (ms)Command Type
4.02.5Read
4.53.0Write
Figure 11. Single track seek time
Single track seek is measured as the average of one (1) single track seek from every track in both directions (inward and outward).
4.4.2.4 Average latency
Model
Figure 12. Latency time
4.4.2.5 Drive ready time
Figure 13. Drive ready time
Ready
The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command (for example—read, write) immediately.
This includes the time required for the internal self diagnostics.Power On To Ready
Rotational Speed
(RPM)
Time for one revolutio
(ms)
Average Latency
(ms)
5.511.1540060-GB model
7.114.34200All other models
Max. (sec)Typical (sec)ModelCondition
9.55.060-GB modelPower On To Ready
9.53.0All other modelsPower On To Ready
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
16
4.4.3 Operating modes
Operating mode Description
Spin-Up Start up time period from spindle stop or power down.
Seek Seek operation mode
Write Write operation mode
Read Read operation mode
Performance The device is capable of responding immediately to idle media access requests.
All electronic components remain powered and the full frequency servo remains operational.
Active idle The device is capable of responding immediately to media access requests.
Some circuitry—including servo system and R/W electronics—is in power saving mode. The head is parked near the mid-diameter the disk without servoing. A device in Active idle mode may take longer to complete the execution of a command because it must activate that circuitry.
Low power idle The head is unloaded onto the ramp position.
The spindle motor is rotating at full speed.
Standby The device interface is capable of accepting commands.
The spindle motor is stopped. All circuitry but the host interface is in power saving mode. The execution of commands is delayed until the spindle becomes ready.
Sleep The device requires a soft reset or a hard reset to be activated.
All electronics, including spindle motor and host interface, are shut off.
Figure 14. Operating mode
4.4.3.1 Mode transition time
Transition
Time (max.)
9.54.5IdleStandby60-GB model
9.52.0IdleStandby 40-GB, 30-GB models
9.51.8IdleStandby20-GB, 10-GB models
Figure 15. Drive ready time
ToFromModel
Transition Time (typ)
4.4.3.2 Operating mode at power on
The device goes into Idle mode after power on or hard reset as an initial state. Initial state may be changed to Standby mode using pin C on the interface connector. Refer to section 7.10 on page 58, "Drive address setting" for details.
4.4.3.3 Adaptive power save control
The transient timing from Performance Idle mode to Active Idle mode and Active Idle mode to Low Power Idle mode is controlled adaptively according to the access pattern of the host system. The transient timing from Low Power Idle mode to Standby mode is also controlled adaptively, if it is allowed by Set Features Enable Advanced Power Management subcommand.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
17
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5.0 Data integrity
5.1 Data loss on power off
! Data loss will not be caused by a power off during any operation except the write operation.
! A power off during a write operation causes the loss of any received or resident data that has not
been written onto the disk media.
! A power off during a write operation might make a maximum of one sector of data unreadable. This
state can be recovered by a rewrite operation.
5.2 Write Cache
When the write cache is enabled, the write command may complete before the actual disk write operation finishes. This means that a power off, even after the write command completion, could cause the loss of data that the drive has received but not yet written onto the disk.
In order to prevent this data loss, confirm the completion of the actual write operation prior to the power off by issuing a
! Soft reset
! Hard reset
! Flush Cache command
! Standby command
! Standby Immediate command
! Sleep command
Confirm the command’s completion.
5.3 Equipment status
The equipment status is available to the host system any time the drive is not ready to read, write, or seek. This status normally exists at the power-on time and will be maintained until the following conditions are satisfied:
! The access recalibration/tuning is complete.
! The spindle speed meets the requirements for reliable operation.
! The self-check of the drive is complete.
The appropriate error status is made available to the host system if any of the following conditions occur after the drive has become ready:
! The spindle speed lies outside the requirements for reliable operation.
! The occurrence of a Write Fault condition.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
19
5.4 WRITE safety
The drive ensures that the data is written into the disk media properly. The following conditions are moni­tored during a write operation. When one of these conditions exceeds the criteria, the write operation is terminated and the automatic retry sequence is invoked.
! Head off track
! External shock
! Low supply voltage
! Spindle speed out of tolerance
! Head open/short
5.5 Data buffer test
The data buffer is tested at power on reset and when a drive self-test is requested by the host. The test consists of a write/read '00'x and 'ff'x pattern on all buffers.
5.6 Error recovery
Errors occurring on the drive are handled by the error recovery procedure.
Errors that are uncorrectable after application of the error recovery procedure are reported to the host system as nonrecoverable errors.
5.7 Automatic reallocation
The sectors that show some errors may be reallocated automatically when specific conditions are met. The drive does not report any auto reallocation to the host system. The conditions for auto reallocation are described below.
5.7.1 Nonrecovered write errors
When a write operation cannot be completed after the Error Recovery Procedure (ERP) is fully carried out, the sectors are reallocated to the spare location. An error is reported to the host system only when the write cache is disabled and the auto reallocation has failed.
5.7.2 Nonrecoverable read error
When a read operation fails after ERP is fully carried out, a hard error is reported to the host system. This location is registered internally as a candidate for the reallocation. When a registered location is specified as a target of a write operation, a sequence of media verification is performed automatically. When the result of this verification meets the required criteria, this sector is reallocated.
5.7.3 Recovered read errors
When a read operation for a sector fails and is recovered at the specific ERP step, the sector is real­located automatically. A media verification sequence may be run prior to the reallocation according to the predefined conditions.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
20
5.8 ECC
The 40 byte three interleaved ECC processor provides user data verification and correction capability. The first 4 bytes of ECC are check bytes for user data and the other 36 bytes are Read Solomon ECC. Each interleave has 12 bytes for ECC. Hardware logic corrects up to 15 bytes (5 bytes for each interleave) errors on-the-fly.
Following are some examples of error cases. An "O" means that the byte contains no error. An "X" means that at least one bit of the byte is bad.
On The Fly correctable
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Byte # 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Interleave
A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C
Error byte # for each interleave
A B
C
Error pattern Error pattern
Uncorrectable
Byte # 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Interleave
Error pattern Error pattern
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O O O
X X X X X X X X X O O O X X X X X X
A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O O
X O O X O O X O O X O O X O O X O O
Figure 16. Examples of error cases.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5
5
5
Error byte # for each interleave
A
6
6
5 5
C
B
5
5
0 0
5
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
21
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6.0 Specification
6.1 Environment
6.1.1 Temperature and humidity
Operating conditions
Temperature Relative humidity Maximum wet bulb temperature Maximum temperature gradient Altitude
Nonoperating conditions
Temperature Relative humidity Maximum wet bulb temperature Maximum temperature gradient Altitude
Figure 17. Environmental condition
The system is responsible for providing sufficient air movement to maintain surface temperatures below 60°C at the center of top cover and below 63°C at the center of the drive circuit board assembly.
5 to 55°C (See note below) 8 to 90% noncondensing
29.4°C noncondensing 20°C/hour –300 to 3048 m (10,000 ft)
–40 to 65°C 5 to 95% noncondensing 40°C noncondensing 20°C/hour –300 to 12,192 m (40,000 ft)
The maximum storage period in the shipping package is one year.
Specification (Environment )
100
90
80
70
60
31'C/90%
Non Operating
50
Operating
40
Relative Humidity (%)
30
20
10
0
-45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65
Temperature (degC)
41'C/95%
WetBulb 40'C
WetBulb29.4'C
65'C/23%
55'C/15%
Figure 18. Limits of temperature and humidity
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
23
6.1.1.1 Corrosion test
The hard disk drive must be functional and show no signs of corrosion after being exposed to a temperature humidity stress of 50°C/90%RH (relative humidity) for one week followed by a temperature and humidity drop to 25°C/40%RH in 2 hours.
6.1.2 Radiation noise
The disk drive shall work without degradation of the soft error rate under the following magnetic flux density limits at the enclosure surface.
Limits (Gauss RMS)Frequency (KHz)
5 0–60
2.561–100 1101–200
0.5201–400
Figure 19. Magnetic flux density limits
6.1.3 Conductive noise
The disk drive shall work without soft error degradation in the frequency range from DC to 20 Mhz injected through any two of the mounting screw holes of the drive when an AC current of up to 45 mA (p-p) is applied through a 50-ohm resistor connected to any two mounting screw holes.
6.1.4 Magnetic fields
The disk drive will withstand radiation and conductive noise within the limits shown below. The test method is defined in the Noise Susceptibility Test Method specification, P/N 95F3944.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
24
6.2 DC power requirements
Connection to the product should be made in a safety extra low voltage (SELV) circuits. The voltage specifications are applied at the power connector of the drive.
RequirementsItem
+5 Volt dcNominal supply
–0.3 Volt to 6.0 VoltSupply voltage
100 mV p-p max.
±5%
7–100 msSupply rise time
ModelsWatts (RMS Typical)
20GB, 10 GB40GB, 30 GB60 GB
1.85 1.852.0
0.85 0.951.3Active Idle average
0.65 0.650.9Low Power Idle average
2.0 2.12.5
2.1 2.22.7Write average
2.3 2.32.6
0.25 0.250.25Standby
0.1 0.10.1Sleep
4.7 4.75.0
3.3 3.33.8Average from power on to ready
Power supply ripple (0–20 MHz) Tolerance
Performance Idle average
Read average
Seek average
Startup (maximum peak)
2
3
4
5
6
1
Footnotes:
1
The maximum fixed disk ripple is measured at the 5 volt input of the drive.
2
The disk drive shall not incur damage for an over voltage condition of +25% (maximum duration of
20 ms) on the 5 volt nominal supply.
3
The idle current is specified at an inner track.
4
The read/write current is specified based on three operations of 63 sector read/write per 100 ms.
5
The seek average current is specified based on three operations per 100 ms.
6
The worst case operating current includes motor surge.
Figure 20. DC Power requirements
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
25
6.2.1 Power consumption efficiency
Capacity (GB)
Power Consumption Efficiency (Watts/GB)
Figure 21. Power consumption efficiency
Note: Power consumption efficiency is calculated as Power Consumption of Low Power Idle Watt/
Capacity (GB).
1020304060
0.0650.0330.0220.0160.015
6.3 Start up Current
Figure 22. Typical current wave form at start up of 60 GB model
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
26
Figure 23. Typical current wave form at start up of 40 GB model
Figure 24. Typical current wave form at start up of 20 GB model)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
27
6.4 Reliability
6.4.1 Data reliability
13
! Probability of not recovering data is 1 in 10
! ECC implementation
On-the-fly correction performed as a part of read channel function recovers up to 15 symbols of error in 1 sector (1 symbol is 8 bits).
6.4.2 Failure prediction (S.M.A.R.T.)
The drive supports Self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology (S.M.A.R.T.) function. The details are described in section 11.8, "S.M.A.R.T. Function" on page 84 and 13.32, "S.M.A.R.T. Function Set (B0h)" on page 165.
6.4.3 Cable noise interference
To avoid any degradation of performance throughput or error when the interface cable is routed on top or comes in contact with the HDA assembly, the drive must be grounded electrically to the system frame by four screws. The common mode noise or voltage level difference between the system frame and power cable ground or AT interface cable ground should be in the allowable level specified in the power require­ment section.
bits read
6.4.4 Service life and usage condition
The drive is designed to be used under the following conditions:
! The drive should be operated within specifications of shock, vibration, temperature, humidity, altitude,
and magnetic field.
! The drive should be protected from ESD.
! The breathing hole in the top cover of the drive should not be covered.
! Force should not be applied to the cover of the drive.
! The specified power requirements of the drive should be satisfied.
! The drive frame should be grounded electrically to the system through four screws.
! The drive should be mounted with the recommended screw depth and torque.
! The interface physical and electrical requirements of the drive should satisfy ATA-5.
! The power-off sequence of the drive should comply with the 6.4.6.2, "Required power-off sequence.”
Service life of the drive is approximately 5 years or 20,000 power on hours, whichever comes first, under the following assumptions:
! Less than 333 power on hours per month.
! Seeking/Writing/Reading operation is less than 20% of power on hours.
This does not represent any warranty or warranty period. Applicable warranty and warranty period are covered by the purchase agreement.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
28
6.4.5 Preventive maintenance
None.
6.4.6 Load/unload
The product supports a minimum of 300,000 normal load/unloads.
Load/unload is a functional mechanism of the hard disk drive. It is controlled by the drive micro code. Specifically, unloading of the heads is invoked by the following commands:
! Hard reset
! Standby
! Standby immediate
! Sleep
Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.
The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, not in emergen­cy mode.
6.4.6.1 Emergency unload
When hard disk drive power is interrupted while the heads are still loaded the micro code cannot operate and the normal 5-volt power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not possi­ble. The heads are unloaded by routing the back EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The actuator velocity is greater than the normal case and the unload process is inherently less controllable without a normal seek current profile.
Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently uncon­trolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.
The drive supports a minimum of 20,000 emergency unloads.
6.4.6.2 Required Power-Off Sequence
The required BIOS sequence for removing power from the drive is as follows:
! Step 1: Issue one of the following commands.
! Standby
! Standby immediate
! Sleep
Note: Do not use the Flush Cache command for the power off sequence because this command does not invoke Unload.
! Step 2: Wait until the Command Complete status is returned.
In a typical case 350 ms are required for the command to finish completion; however, the BIOS time out value needs to be 30 seconds considering error recovery time. Refer to section 14.0, "Time-out values," on page 195.
! Step 3: Terminate power to HDD.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
29
This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, system suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is limited to rare scenarios, such as battery removal during operation.
6.4.6.3 Power switch design considerations
In systems that use the Travelstar 60GH & 40GN consideration should be given to the design of the system power switch.
IBM recommends that the switch operate under control of the BIOS, as opposed to being hardwired. The same recommendation is made for cover-close switches. When a hardwired switch is turned off, emergen­cy unload occurs, as well as the problems cited in section 5.1, "Data loss by power off" on page 19 and section 5.2, “Write Cache” on page 19.
6.4.6.4 Test considerations
Start/stop testing is classically performed to verify head/disk durability. The heads do not land on the disk, so this type of test should be viewed as a test of the load/unload function.
Start/Stop testing should be done by commands through the interface, not Simple power cycling of the drive invokes the emergency unload mechanism and subjects the HDD to nontypical mechanical stress.
Power cycling testing may be required to test the boot-up function of the system. In this case IBM recom­mends that the power-off portion of the cycle contain the sequence specified in section 6.4.6.2, "Required Power-Off Sequence” on page 29. If this is not done, the emergency unload function is invoked and non­typical stress results.
by power cycling the drive.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
30
6.5 Mechanical specifications
6.5.1 Physical dimensions and weight
The following figure lists the dimensions for the drive.
Figure 25. Physical dimensions and weight
6.5.2 Mounting hole locations
The mounting hole locations and size of the drive are shown below.
Weight (gram)Length (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)Models
155 Max100.2±0.2569.85±0.2512.5±0.260 GB
99 Max100.2±0.2569.85±0.25 9.5±0.240 GB, 30 GB 95 Max100.2±0.2569.85±0.25 9.5±0.220 GB, 10 GB
Figure 26. Mounting hole locations of the 60 GB model.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
31
Figure 27. Mounting hole locations of all models except 60 GB model.
6.5.3 Connector and jumper description
A jumper is used to designate the drive address as either master or slave. The jumper setting method is described in section 7.10, "Drive address setting" on page 58.
Connector specifications are included in section 7.2, "Interface connector" on page 41.
6.5.4 Mounting orientation
The drive will operate in all axes (six directions) and will stay within the specified error rates when tilted ±5 degrees from these positions.
Performance and error rate will stay within specification limits if the drive is operated in the other permis­sible orientations from which it was formatted. Thus a drive formatted in a horizontal orientation will be able to run vertically and vice versa.
The recommended mounting screw torque is 3.0±0.5 kgf-cm.
The recommended mounting screw depth is 3.0±0.3 mm for bottom and 3.5±0.5 mm for horizontal mounting.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
32
The user is responsible for using the appropriate screws or equivalent mounting hardware to mount the drive securely enough to prevent excessive motion or vibration of the drive at seek operation or spindle rotation.
6.5.5 Load/unload mechanism
The head load/unload mechanism is provided to protect the disk data during shipping, movement, or storage. Upon power down, a head unload mechanism secures the heads at the unload position. See section 6.6.4, "Nonoperating shock" on page 36 for additional details.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
33
6.6 Vibration and shock
All vibration and shock measurements in this section are for drives without mounting attachments for sys­tems. The input level shall be applied to the normal drive mounting points.
Vibration tests and shock tests are to be conducted by mounting the drive to a table using the bottom four mounting holes.
6.6.1 Operating vibration
The drive will operate without a hard error while being subjected to the following vibration levels.
6.6.1.1 Random vibration
The test consists of 30 minutes of random vibration using the power spectral density (PSD) levels speci-
(Root Mean
fied in C-S 1-9711-002 (1990-03) as V5L. The vibration test level for V5L is 0.67 G RMS Square).
Random vibration PSD profile Breakpoint
2
G
/HzHz
2.0 x E–5 5
1.1 x E–317
1.1 x E–345
8.0 x E–348
8.0 x E–362
1.0 x E–365
1.0 x E–3150
5.0 x E–4200
5.0 x E–4500
Figure 28. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating)
6.6.1.2 Swept sine vibration
Swept sine vibration (zero to
peak 5 to 500 to 5 Hz sine wave)
1 G (5-300 Hz)
60-GB model
Figure 29. Swept sine vibration
1 G (300 Hz) - 0.33 G (350 Hz)
0.33 G (350-500 Hz)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
34
Sweep rate (oct/min)
2.0
2.01 G (5-500 Hz)All other models
6.6.2 Nonoperating vibration
The disk drive withstands the following vibration levels without any loss or permanent damage.
6.6.2.1 Random vibration
The test consists of a random vibration applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes for a duration of 15 minutes per axis. The PSD levels for the test simulating the shipping and relocation environment is shown below.
2
G
/HzHz
0.0012.5
0.035
0.01840
0.018500
Note: Overall RMS (root mean square) level of vibration is 3.01 G rms.
Figure 30. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating)
6.6.2.2 Swept sine vibration
! 5 G (zero-to-peak), 10 to 500 to 10 Hz sine wave
! 0.5 oct/min sweep rate
! 25.4 mm (peak-to-peak) displacement, 5 to 10 to 5 Hz
6.6.3 Operating shock
The hard disk drive meets the criteria in the table below while operating under these conditions:
! The shock test consists of 10 shock inputs in each axis and direction for a total of 60.
! There must be a minimum of 3 seconds delay between shock pulses.
! The disk drive will operate without a hard error while being subjected to the following half-sine shock
pulse.
Duration of 11 msDuration of 2 msModel
15 G150 G60-GB model 15 G200 Gall other models
Figure 31. Operating shock
The input level shall be applied to the normal disk drive subsystem mounting points used to secure the drive in a normal system.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
35
6.6.4 Nonoperating shock
The drive withstands the following half-sine shock pulse without any data loss or permanent damage.
Duration of 11 msDuration of 1 msModels
120 G700 G60 GB 120 G800 GAll others
Figure 32. Nonoperating shock
The shocks are applied for each direction of the drive for three mutually perpendicular axes, one axis at a time. Input levels are measured on a base plate where the drive is attached with four screws.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
36
6.7 Acoustics
6.7.1 Sound power level
The criteria of A-weighted sound power level are described below.
Measurements are to be taken in accordance with ISO 7779. The mean of the sample of 40 drives is to be less than the typical value. Each drive is to be less than the maximum value. The drives are to meet this requirement in both board down orientations.
Maximum (Bels)Typical (Bels)A-weighted Sound Power
OperatingIdleOperatingIdle
3.82.73.52.548 GB model
3.32.63.12.430 GB and 20 GB models
2.92.42.72.1All other models
Figure 33. Weighted sound power
The background power levels of the acoustic test chamber for each octave band are to be recorded.
Sound power tests are to be conducted with the drive supported by spacers so that the lower surface of the drive be located 25±3 mm above from the chamber floor. No sound absorbing material shall be used.
The acoustical characteristics of the disk drive are measured under the following conditions:
Mode definitions
! Idle mode: Power on, disks spinning, track following, unit ready to receive and respond to control
line commands.
! Operating mode: Continuous random cylinder selection and seek operation of the actuator with a
dwell time at each cylinder. The seek rate for the drive can be calculated as shown below.
Ns = 0.4/(Tt + T1)
where:
Ns = average seek rate in seeks/s
Tt = published seek time from one random track to another without including rotational latency
T1= equivalent time in seconds for the drive to rotate by half a revolution
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
37
6.7.2 Discrete tone penalty
Discrete tone penalties are added to the A-weighted sound power (Lw) with the following formula only when determining compliance.
Lwt(spec) = Lw = 0.1Pt + 0.3 < 4.0 (Bels)
where
Lw = A-weighted sound power level
Pt = Value of desecrate tone penalty = dLt – 6.0(dBA)
dLt = Tone-to-noise ratio taken in accordance with ISO 7779 at each octave band.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
38
6.8 Identification labels
The following labels are affixed to every drive:
! A label which is placed on the top of the head disk assembly containing the statement "Made by
IBM" or equivalent, part number, EC number, and FRU number.
! A bar code label which is placed on the disk drive based on user request. The location on the disk
drive is to be designated in the drawing provided by the user.
! Labels containing the vendor's name, disk drive model number, serial number, place of manufacture,
and UL/CSA logos.
! The presence of labels containing jumper information depends on the customer.
6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility
When installed in a suitable enclosure and exercised with a random accessing routine at maximum data rate, the drive meets the following worldwide electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements:
! United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and Regulations (Class B), Part
Suppression German National Requirements
RFI
15.
!
! EU EMC Directive, Technical Requirements and Conformity Assessment Procedures
RFI
Japan
Requirements of
VCCI,
products
IBM
6.9.1 CE Mark
The product is certified for compliance with EC directive 89/336/EEC. The EC marking for the certification appears on the drive.
6.9.2 C-Tick Mark
The product complies with the Australian EMC standard "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment, AS/NZS 3548:1995 Class B."
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
39
6.10 Safety
6.10.1 UL and CSA approval
The product is qualified per UL (Underwriters Labratory) 1950 Third Edition and CAN/CSA C22.2 No.950-M95 Third Edition, for the use in Information Technology Equipment, including Electric Business Equipment. The UL Recognition or the CSA certification is maintained for the product life. The UL and C-UL recognition mark or the CSA monogram for CSA certification appears on the drive.
6.10.2 IEC compliance
All models of the Travelstar 60GH & 40GN comply with IEC 950:1991 +A1-4.
6.10.3 German Safety Mark
All models of the Travelstar 60GH & 40GN are approved by TUV on Test Requirement: EN 60950:1992+A1-4, but the GS mark has not been obtained.
6.10.4 Flammability
The printed circuit boards used in this product are made of material with a UL recognized flammability rating of V-1 or better. The flammability rating is marked or etched on the board. All other parts not con­sidered electrical components are made of material with a UL recognized flammability rating of V-1 or better except minor mechanical parts.
6.10.5 Secondary circuit protection
This product utilizes printed circuit wiring that must be protected against the possibility of sustained combustion due to circuit or component failures as defined in C-B 2-4700-034 (Protection Against Combustion). Adequate secondary over current protection is the responsibility of the using system.
The user must protect the drive from its electrical short circuit problem. A 10 amp limit is required for safety purpose.
6.11 Packaging
Drives are packed in
protective bags and shipped in appropriate containers.
ESD
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
40
7.0 Electrical interface specifications
7.1 Cabling
The maximum cable length from the host system to the hard disk drive plus circuit pattern length in the host system shall not exceed 18 inches.
7.2 Interface connector
The signal connector for AT attachment is designed to mate with the 50 pin plug specified in Annex A, Connectors and Cable Assembly, of the ATA/ATAPI-5 document.
The figure below and Figure 6.5.2 on page 31 show the connector location and physical pin location.
Pin
43
19
1
AC
D
2
44
Pin position 20 is left blank for correct connector insertion.
Pin positions A, B, C, and D are used for the drive address setting. (Refer to Figure 48 on page 58 for correct address setting.)
Figure 34. Interface connector pin assignments
22
Pin
B
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
41
7.3 Signal definitions
The pin assignments of interface signals are listed as follows:
TypeI/OSIGNALPINTypeI/OSIGNALPIN
GND02TTLIRESET-01
3–stateI/ODD08043–stateI/ODD0703 3–stateI/ODD09063–stateI/ODD0605 3–stateI/ODD10083–stateI/ODD0507 3–stateI/ODD11103–stateI/ODD0409 3–stateI/ODD12123–stateI/ODD0311 3–stateI/ODD13143–stateI/ODD0213 3–stateI/ODD14163–stateI/ODD0115 3–stateI/ODD15183–stateI/ODD0017
Key(20)GND19 GND223–stateODMARQ21 GND24TTLIDIOW-(*)23 GND26TTLIDIOR-(*)25
TTLICSEL28ODOIORDY(*)27
GND30TTLIDMACK-29
ODOIOCS16-(*)323–stateOINTRQ31
ODI/OPDIAG-34TTLIDA0133 TTLIDA0236TTLIDA0035 TTLICS1-38TTLICS0-37
GND40ODI/ODASP-39
power+ 5V motor42power+ 5V logic41
(reserved)44GND43
designates an output from the driveO designates an input to the driveI designates an input/output commonI/O designates an Open-Drain outputOD designates a power supply to the drivepower designates reserved pins which must be left unconnectedreserved
Figure 35. Signal definition
The signal lines marked with (*) are redefined during the Ultra DMA protocol to provide special functions. These lines change from the conventional to special definitions at the moment the host decides to allow a DMA burst, if the Ultra DMA transfer mode was previously chosen via SetFeatures. The drive becomes aware of this change upon assertion of the DMACK- line. These lines revert back to their original defini­tions upon the deassertion of DMACK- at the termination of the DMA burst.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
42
(for Ultra DMA)
Write Operation
Read Operation
Figure 36. Special signal definitions for Ultra DMA
Conventional DefinitionSpecial Definition
IORDYDDMARDY-
DIOR-HSTROBE
DIOW-STOP
DIOR-HDMARDY-
IORDYDSTROBE
DIOW-STOP
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
43
7.4 Signal descriptions
DD00–DD15
A 16-bit bi-directional data bus between the host and the drive. The lower 8 lines, DD00-07, are used for Register and ECC access. All 16 lines, DD00–15, are used for data transfer. These are 3-state lines with 24 mA current sink capability.
DA00–DA02
These are addresses used to select the individual register in the drive.
CS0-
The chip select signal generated from the Host address bus. When active, one of the Command Block Registers [Data, Error (Features when written), Sector Count, Sector Number, Cylinder Low, Cylinder High, Drive/Head and Status (Command when written) register] can be selected.
CS1-
The chip select signal generated from the Host address bus. When active, one of the Control Block Registers [Alternate Status (Device Control when written) and Drive Address register] can be selected.
RESET-
This line is used to reset the drive. It shall be kept at a Low logic state during power up and kept High thereafter.
DIOW-
The rising edge of this signal holds data from the data bus to a register or data register of the drive.
DIOR-
When this signal is low, it enables data from a register or data register of the drive onto the data bus. The data on the bus shall be latched on the rising edge of DIOR-.
INTRQ
The interrupt is enabled only when the drive is selected and the host activates the -IEN bit in the Device Control Register. Otherwise, this signal is in high impedance state regardless of the state of the IRQ bit. The interrupt is set when the IRQ bit is set by the drive CPU. The IRQ is reset to zero by a host read of the status register or a write to the Command Register. This signal is a 3-state line with 24 mA of sink capability.
IOCS16-
A signal indicating to the host that a 16-bit wide data register has been addressed and that the drive is prepared to send or receive a 16-bit wide data word. This signal is an Open-Drain output with 24 mA sink capability and an external resistor is needed to pull this line to 5 volts.
DASP-
This is a time-multiplexed signal which indicates that a drive is active or that device 1 is present. This signal is driven by an Open-Drain driver and internally pulled up to 5 volts through a 10 k resistor. During a Power-On initialization or after RESET- is negated, DASP- shall be asserted by Device 1 within 400 ms to indicate that device 1 is present. Device 0 shall allow up to 450 ms for device 1 to assert DASP-. If device 1 is not present, device 0 may assert DASP- to drive an LED indicator. The DASP- signal shall be negated following acceptance of the first valid command by device 1. Anytime after negation of DASP-, either drive may assert DASP- to indicate that a drive is active.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
44
PDIAG-
This signal shall be asserted by device 1 to indicate to device 0 that it has completed the diagnostics. This line is pulled up to 5 volts in the drive through a 10 k resistor.
Following a Power On Reset, software reset, or RESET-, drive 1 shall negate PDIAG- within 1 ms (to indicate to device 0 that it is busy). Drive 1 shall then assert PDIAG- within 30 seconds to indicate that it is no longer busy and is able to provide status.
Following the receipt of a valid Execute Drive Diagnostics command, device 1 shall negate PDIAG­within 1 ms to indicate to device 0 that it is busy and has not yet passed its drive diagnostics. If device 1 is present then device 0 shall wait up to 6 seconds from the receipt of a valid Execute Drive Diagnostics command for drive 1 to assert PDIAG-. Device 1 should clear BSY before asserting PDIAG-, as PDIAG- is used to indicate that device 1 has passed its diagnostics and is ready to post status. If DASP- was not asserted by device 1 during reset initialization, device 0 shall post its own status immediately after it completes diagnostics and clears the device 1 Status register to 00h. Device 0 may be unable to accept commands until it has finished its reset procedure and is ready (DRDY=1).
CSEL (Cable Select)
This signal is monitored to determine the drive address (master or slave) when the jumper on the interface connector is at Position-3.
When CSEL is at ground or is at a low level, the drive works as a Master. If CSEL is open or is at a logical high level, the drive works as a Slave.
The signal level of CSEL to one drive should be different from the signal level to another drive on the same AT interface cable to avoid master-master or slave-slave configurations.
KEY
Pin position 20 has no connection pin. It is recommended to close the respective position of the cable connector in order to avoid incorrect insertion.
IORDY
This signal is an indication to the host that the drive is ready to complete the current I/O cycle. This line is driven low at the falling edge of DIOR- or DIOW- when the drive needs some additional WAIT cycle(s) to extend the PIO cycle. This line can be connected to the host IORDY signal in order to insert a WAIT state(s) into the host PIO cycle. This signal is an Open-Drain output with 24 mA sink capability.
5V Power
There are two input pins for the +5 V power supply. One is the "+5 V Logic" input pin and the second is the "+5 V Motor" input pin. These two input pins are tied together within the drive.
DMACK-
This signal shall be used by the host in response to DMARQ to either acknowledge that data has been accepted, or that data is available.
This signal is internally pulled up to 5 Volt through a 15 k resistor with a resistor tolerance value of –50% to +100%.
DMARQ
This signal is used for DMA data transfers between the host and drive. It shall be asserted by the drive when it is ready to transfer data to or from the host. The direction of data transfer is controlled by
-HIOR and -HIOW signals. This signal is used in a handshake mode with DMACK-. This signal is a 3-state line with 24 mA sink capability and internally pulled down to GND through a 10 k resistor.
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
45
HDMARDY- (Ultra DMA)
This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal HDMARDY- is a flow control signal for Ultra DMA data in bursts. This signal is held asserted by the host to indicate to the device that the host is ready to receive Ultra DMA data in transfers. The host may negate HDMARDY- to pause an Ultra DMA data in transfer.
HSTROBE (Ultra DMA)
This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal HSTROBE is the data out strobe signal from the host for an Ultra DMA data out transfer. Both the rising and falling edge of HSTROBE latch the data from DD (15:0) into the device. The host may stop toggling HSTROBE to pause an Ultra DMA data out transfer.
STOP (Ultra DMA)
This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The
signal shall be asserted by the host prior to initiation of an Ultra
STOP
negated by the host before data is transferred in an Ultra
mode signals the termination of the burst.
during or after data transfer in an Ultra
DMA
burst. Assertion of
DMA
DMA
burst.
STOP
A STOP
by the host
DDMARDY- (Ultra DMA)
This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal DDMARDY- is a flow control signal for Ultra DMA data out bursts. This signal is held asserted by the device to indicate to the host that the device is ready to receive Ultra DMA data out transfers. The device may negate DDMARDY- to pause an Ultra DMA data out transfer.
DSTROBE (Ultra DMA)
This signal is used only for Ultra DMA data transfers between host and drive.
The signal DSTROBE is the data in strobe signal from the device for an Ultra DMA data in transfer. Both the rising and the falling edge of DSTROBE latch the data from DD (15:0) into the host. The device may stop toggling DSTROBE to pause an Ultra DMA data in transfer.
shall be
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
46
7.5 Interface logic signal levels
The interface logic signals have the following electrical specifications:
Inputs
Outputs:
Current
Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage
Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage
Driver Sink Current Driver Source Current
7.6 Reset timings
RESET–
BUSY
2.0 V min./5.5 V max. –0.5 V min./0.8 V max.
2.4 V min.
0.5 V max.
24 mA min. –400 µA min.
t10
t1
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
Figure 37. System reset timings
Min.
µµµµ
(
s)
Max.
(
µµµµ
s)
9.5RESET– high to Not BUSYt1 –25RESET– low widtht10
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
47
7.7 PIO timings
The PIO cycle timings meet Mode 4 of the ATA-5 description.
CS(1:0)­DA(2:0)
t9
DIOR-, DIOW-
Write data DD(15:0)
Read data DD(15:0)
IOCS16-(*)
IORDY
t7(*)
t1
tA
t2
t3 t4
t5
tRD
tB
t0
t2i
t6z
t6
t8(*)
(*) Up to ATA-2 (mode-0,1,2)
MAX. (ns)MIN (ns)PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
120Cycle timet0 –25Address valid to DIOR-/DIOW- setupt1 –70DIOR-/DIOW- pulse widtht2 –25DIOR-/DIOW- recovery timet2i –20DIOW- data setupt3 –10DIOW- data holdt4 –20DIOR- data setupt5
5DIOR- data holdt6 30DIOR- data tristatet6z 40Address valid to IOCS16- assertiont7(*) 30Address valid to IOCS16- releasedt8(*)
10DIOR-/DIOW- to address valid holdt9
0Read data valid to IORDY activetRD 35IORDY setup widthtA
1,250IORDY pulse widthtB
Figure 38. PIO cycle timings
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
48
7.8
Multiword DMA timings
The Multiword DMA timings meet Mode 2 of the ATA-3 description.
DMARQ
tLR/tLW
DMACK-
DIOR-/DIOW -
READ DD(15:0)
WRITE DD(15:0)
tKR/tKW
width
Figure 39. Multiword DMA cycle timings
t0
tI
tD
tG
tG
tKR/tKW
tF
tH
tJ
tZ
MAX (ns)MIN (ns)PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
120Cycle timet0 –70DIOR-/DIOW- asserted pulse widthtD
50DIOR- data accesstE
5DIOR- data holdtF –20DIOR-/DIOW- data setuptG –10DIOW- data holdtH –0DMACK- to DIOR-/DIOW- setuptI –5DIOR-/DIOW- to DMACK- holdtJ –25DIOR- negated pulse width / DIOW- negated pulse
35DIOR- to DMARQ delay / DIOW- to DMARQ delaytLR/tLW 25DMACK- to read data releasedtZ
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
49
7.9 Ultra DMA timings
The Ultra DMA timings meet Mode 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Ultra DMA Protocol.
7.9.1 Initiating Read DMA
DMARQ
tUI
DMACK-
tACK tENV
STOP
tACK tENV
HDMARDY-
DSTROBE
DD(15:0)
tZIORDY
tAZ
tZIORDY
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Host drives DD
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
Minimum time before driving IORDY
Maximum time allowed for output drivers to release
MIN (ns)
tAZ
MAX
(ns)
t2CYC
tFS tCYC
tAZD
xxx xxx xxx
RD Data RD Data
tDS
Device drives DD
MAX
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
MIN
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
tDH
tCYC
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
RD Data
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MAX
MIN (ns)
(ns)
000000Unlimited interlock timetUI –202020202020Setup time for DMACK-tACK
502055205520702070207020Envelope timetENV
000000
9012001300170020002300First DSTROBE timetFS
16.825395473112Cycle timetCYC
-385786115154230Two cycle timet2CYC
101010101010
000000Drivers to asserttZAD –4.85771015Data setup time at hosttDS –4.855555Data hold time at hosttDH
Figure 40. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Initiating Read)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
50
7.9.2 Host Pausing Read DMA
DMARQ
DMACK-
STOP
tSR
HDMARDY-
DSTROBE
tSR
tRFS
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
DSTROBE to HDMARDY­time HDMARDY- to final DSTROBE time
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
tRFS
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
203050
506060607075
Note: When a host does not satisfy the tSR timing, the host should be ready to receive two more data words after HDMARDY- is negated.
Figure 41. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Pausing Read)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
51
7.9.3 Host Terminating Read DMA
DMARQ
DMACK-
tRP
STOP
tLI
tMLI
tACK
tACK
HDMARDY-
DSTROBE
DD(15:0)
tRFS
tAZ
tZAH
tIORDYZ
tRFS
xxx RD Data xxxxxxxxxxx
Device drives DD
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
HDMARDY- to final DSTROBE time
Maximum time allowed for output drivers to release Minimum delay time required for output
Maximum time before releasing IORDY
tLI tIORDYZ
tAZ
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
tZAH
MAX
MIN
MAX
MIN
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
MIN (ns)
tDS
xxx
CRC
Host drives DD
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
tDH
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
506060607075
85100100100125160Ready to pause timetRP
75010001000150015001500Limited interlock timetLI
101010101010
202020202020
202020202020Interlock time with minimumtMLI –45771015CRC word setup time at devicetDS –4.655555CRC word hold time at devicetDH –202020202020Hold time for DMACK-tACK
202020202020
Figure 42. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Terminating Read)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
52
7.9.4 Device Terminating Read DMA
DMARQ
DMACK-
STOP
HDMARDY-
DSTROBE
DD(15:0)
tSS
tAZ
tZAH
tIORDYZ
tSS
tLI
tLI
xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
tZAH
Device drives DD
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
Time from DSTROBE edge to negation of DMARQ
Maximum time allowed for output drivers to release Maximum delay time required for output
Maximum time before releasing IORDY
tAZ
MIN (ns)
tLI
tIORDYZ
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
tMLI
tDH
tDS
CRC
Host drives DD
MAX
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
tACK
tACK
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
505050505050
75010001000150015001500Limited interlock timetLI
101010101010
202020202020
202020202020Interlock time with minimumtMLI –45771015CRC word setup time at devicetDS –4.655555CRC word hold time at devicetDH –2020202020Hold time for DMACK-tACK
2020202020
Figure 43. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Read)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
53
7.9.5 Initiating Write DMA
DMARQ
tUI
DMACK-
tACK
STOP
tENV
DDMARDY-
HSTROBE
DD(15:0)
tZIORDY
tZIORDY
tACK
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
Minimum time before driving IORDY
MIN (ns)
tLI
tUI tCYC
Host drives DD
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
WT Data
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
t2CYC
tCYC
tDH
tDS
WT Data
xxx xxx
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
WT Data
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
MAX
(ns)
000000Unlimited interlock timetUI –202020202020Setup time for DMACK-tACK
552055205520702070207020Envelope timetENV
000000
75010001000150015001500Limited interlock timetLI
16.825395473112Cycle timetCYC –385786115154230Two cycle timet2CYC –45771015Data setup time at devicetDS –4.655555Data Hold time at devicetDH
Figure 44. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Initiating Write)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
54
7.9.6 Device Pausing Write DMA
DMARQ
DMACK-
STOP
tSR
DDMARDY-
HSTROBE
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
tRFS
time
MIN (ns)
tRFS
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MIN
(ns)
MAX
(ns)
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
203050HSTROBE to DDMARDY- timetSR
506060607075DDMARDY- to final HSTROBE
Note: When a device does not satisfy the tSR timing, the device is ready to receive two more data words after DDMARDY- is negated.
Figure 45. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Pausing Write)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
55
7.9.7 Device Terminating Write DMA
DMARQ
DMACK-
STOP
DDMARDY-
HSTROBE
DD(15:0)
tRFS
tIORDYZ
tRP
tRFS
xxx WT Data xxxxxxxxxx
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
DDMARDY- to final HSTROBE time
Maximum time before releasing IORDY
tLI
tMLI
tIORDYZ
tLI
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Host drives DD
MAX
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
MIN
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
tDS
MIN (ns)
tDH
CRC
MAX
(ns)
tACK
tACK
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
506060607075
85100100100125160Ready to pause timetRP
75010001000150015001500Limited interlock timetLI
202020202020Interlocking time with minimumtMLI –45771015CRC word setup time at devicetDS –4.655555CRC word hold time at devicetDH –202020202020Hold time for DMACK-tACK
202020202020
Figure 46. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Device Terminating Write)
Travelstar 60GH & 40GN hard disk drive specifications
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7.9.8 Host Terminating Write DMA
DMARQ
DMACK-
STOP
DDMARDY-
HSTROBE
DD(15:0)
tSS
tIORDYZ
tLI
tSS
tLI
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
Time from HSTROBE edge to assertion of STOP
Maximum time before releasing IORDY
MIN (ns)
tLI
Host drives DD
MAX
MIN
MAX
(ns)
(ns)
(ns)
tMLI
tIORDYZ
MAX
MIN
(ns)
(ns)
tDS
MIN (ns)
tDH
CRC
MAX
(ns)
tACK
tACK
xxxxxxxxxx
MAX
MIN
(ns)
(ns)
MODE 5MODE 4MODE 3MODE 2MODE 1MODE 0
MIN (ns)
MAX
(ns)
505050505050
75010001000150015001500Limited interlock timetLI
202020202020Interlock time with minimumtMLI –45771015CRC word setup time at devicetDS –4.655555CRC word hold time at devicetDH –202020202020Hold time for DMACK-tACK
202020202020
Figure 47. Ultra DMA cycle timings (Host Terminating Write)
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7.10 Drive address setting
A jumper placed on the interface connector determines the drive address. The three drive addresses are shown below.
31
2
4
Figure 48. Drive address setting
Setting 1—Device 0 (Master) (no jumper is used) Setting 2—Device 1 (Slave) Setting 3—Cable Select Setting 4—Never attach a jumper here Setting 5—Never attach a jumper here
12
3
4
5
When pin C is grounded, the drive does not spin up at POR.
When the drive address is Cable Select, the address depends on the condition of pin 28 of the AT inter­face cable. If pin 28 is ground (or low), the drive is a Master. If pin 28 is open (or logic high), the drive is a Slave.
7.10.1 Drive default address setting
The default setting of jumper at shipment is Setting 1: no jumper.
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7.11 Addressing of HDD registers
The host addresses the drive through a set of registers called a Task File. These registers are mapped into the host's I/O space. Two chip select lines (CS0- and CS1-) and three address lines (DA00–02) are used to select one of these registers, while a DIOR- or DIOW- is provided at the specified time.
The chip select line CS0- is used to address the Command Block registers while the CS1- is used to address Control Block registers.
The following table shows the I/ O address map.
DIOW- = 0 (Write)DIOR- = 0 (Read)DA00DA01DA02CS1-CS0-
Command Block Registers
Data Reg.Data Reg.00010 Features Reg.Error Reg.10010 Sector count Reg.Sector count Reg.01010 Sector number Reg.Sector number Reg.11010 Cylinder low Reg.Cylinder low Reg.00110 Cylinder high Reg.Cylinder high Reg.10110 Drive/Head Reg.Drive/Head Reg.01110 Command Reg. Status Reg. 11110
Control Block Registers
Device control Reg.Alt. Status Reg.01101
Drive address Reg.11101
Figure 49. I/O address map
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Part 2. Interface specification
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8.0 General
8.1 Introduction
This specification describes the host interface of the Travelstar 60GH & 40GN.
The interface conforms to the Working Document of Information technology, AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-5) Revision 3, dated 29 February 2000, with certain limitations described in section 9.0, "Deviations From Standard” on page 65.
The drive supports the following new functions included by ATA/ATAPI-5 standards or newer standards:
! Device Configuration Overlay
The drive supports the following functions as Vendor Specific Functions:
! Address Offset Feature ! Format Unit Function ! ENABLE/DISABLE DELAYED WRITE ! SENSE CONDITION command
8.2 Terminology
The Travelstar 60GH & 40GN driveDevice
First Command
The system to which the device is attachedHost
The first command which is executed after the power on reset (also known as a hard reset) is the Standby mode command.
Interrupt request (Device or Host)INTRQ
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9.0 Deviations from standard
e
The device conforms to the referenced specifications, with deviations described below.
The interface conforms to the Working Document of Information Technology, AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-5) Revision 3, dated 29 February 2000, with the following deviation:
Standby Timer
Write Verify
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
Standby timer is enabled by STANDBY command or IDLE command. The value in the Sector Count register shall be used to determine the time pro­grammed into the Standby timer. If the Sector Count register is zero, the Standby timer is automatically set to 109 minutes.
WRITE VERIFY command does not include read verification after write operation. The function is the same as WRITE SECTORS command.
S.M.A.R.T. RETURN STATUS subcommand does not check advisory attributes. This means that the device will not report a threshold exceeded condition unless the prefailure attributes exceed their corresponding thres­holds. For example, a Power-On Hours Attribute never results in a negativ reliability status.
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10.0 Registers
Data bus high
xxxNN
impedance
Data bus high
xx0AN
impedance Data bus high
x01AN
impedance
Command block registers
A = signal assertedLogic conventions: N = signal not asserted x = either A or N
FunctionsAddresses
WRITE (DIOW-)READ (DIOR-)DA0DA1DA2CS1-CS0-
Not used
Control block registers
Not used
Not used
Device ControlAlternate Status011AN
Not usedDevice Address111AN
DataData 000NA
FeaturesError Register100NA
Sector CountSector Count010NA
Sector NumberSector Number110NA
* LBA bits 0-7 * LBA bits 0-7110NA
Cylinder LowCylinder Low001NA
* LBA bits 8-15 * LBA bits 8-15001NA
Cylinder HighCylinder High101NA
* LBA bits 16-23 * LBA bits 16-23101NA
Device/HeadDevice/Head.011NA
* LBA bits 24-27 * LBA bits 24-27011NA
CommandStatus111NA
Invalid addressInvalid addressxxxAA
* = Mapping of registers in LBA mode
Figure 50. Register Set
Communication to or from the device is through an I/O Register that routes the input or output data to or from the registers addressed by the signals from the host (CS0-, CS1-, DA2, DA1, DA0, DIOR- and DIOW-).
The Command Block Registers are used for sending commands to the device or posting status from the device.
The Control Block Registers are used for device control and to post alternate status.
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10.1 Alternate Status Register
Alternate Status Register
01234567
ERRIDXCORDRQDSCDFRDYBSY
Figure 51. Alternate Status Register
This register contains the same information as the Status Register. The only difference between this register and the Status Register is that reading the Alternate Status Register does not imply an interrupt acknowledge or a clear of a pending interrupt. See 10.13, "Status Register" on page 72 for the definition of the bits in this register.
10.2 Command Register
This register contains the command code being sent to the device. Command execution begins immedi­ately after this register is written. The command set is shown in Figure 72 on page 107. All other registers required for the command must be set up before writing to the Command Register.
10.3 Cylinder High Register
This register contains the high order bits of the starting cylinder address for any disk access. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the current cylinder number.
In LBA Mode this register contains Bits 16–23. At the end of the command, this register is updated to re­flect the current LBA Bits 16–23.
The cylinder number may be from zero to the number of cylinders minus one.
10.4 Cylinder Low Register
This register contains the low order 8 bits of the starting cylinder address for any disk access. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the current cylinder number.
In LBA Mode this register contains Bits 8–15. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the current LBA Bits 8–15.
The cylinder number may be from zero to the number of cylinders minus one (1).
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10.5 Data Register
This register is used to transfer data blocks between the device data buffer and the host. It is also the re­gister through which sector information is transferred on a Format Track command and the configuration information is transferred on an Identify Device command.
All data transfers are 16 bits wide, except for ECC byte transfers, which are 8 bits wide. Data transfers are PIO only.
The register contains valid data only when DRQ = 1 is in the Status Register.
10.6 Device Control Register
Drive Control Register
01234567
0–IENSRST1-
Figure 52. Device Control Register
Bit Definitions
SRST
-IEN
Software Reset. The device is held at reset when RST = 1. Setting RST = 0 again enables the device. To ensure that the device recognizes the reset, the host must set
µ
RST = 1 and wait for at least 5
Interrupt Enable. When IEN = 0, and the device is selected, the device interrupts to the host will be enabled. When IEN = 1, or the device is not selected, the device interrupts to the host will be disabled.
s before setting RST = 0.
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10.7 Drive Address Register
Drive Address Register
01234567
-DS0-DS1-H0-H1-H2-H3-WTGHIZ
Figure 53. Drive Address Register
This register contains the inverted drive select and head select addresses of the currently selected drive.
Bit Definitions
HIZ
-H3, -H2, -H1, -H0
-DS1
-DS0
High Impedance. This bit is not a device and will always be in a high impedance state.
-Write Gate. This bit is 0 when writing to the disk device is in progress.-WTG
-Head Select. These four bits are the one's complement of the binary coded address of the currently selected head. Bit -H0 is the least significant.
-Drive Select 1. The Drive Select bit for device 1 is active low. DS1 = 0 when device 1 (slave) is selected and active.
-Drive Select 0. The Drive Select bit for device 0 is active low. DS0 = 0 when device 0 (master) is selected and active.
10.8 Device/Head Register
Device/Head Register
Figure 54. Device/Head Register
This register contains the device and head numbers.
01234567
HS0HS1HS2HS3DRV1L1
Bit Definitions
L
DRV
HS3, HS2, HS0
Binary encoded address mode select. When L = 0, addressing is by CHS mode. When L = 1, addressing is by LBA mode.
Device. When DRV = 0, device 0 (master) is selected. When DRV = 1, device 1 (Slave) is selected.
Head Select. These four bits indicate the binary encoded address of the head. Bit HS0 is the least significant bit. At command completion, these bits are updated to reflect the currently selected head. The head number may be from zero to the number of heads minus one. In LBA mode, HS3 through HS0 contain bits 24–27 of the LBA. At command completion, these bits are updated to reflect the current LBA bits 24–27.
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10.9 Error Register
e
Error Register
01234567
AMNFTK0NFABRT0IDNF0UNCCRC
Figure 55. Error Register
This register contains the status from the last command executed by the device or a diagnostic code. At the completion of any command, except Execute Device Diagnostic, the contents of this register are always valid even if ERR = 0 is in the Status Register.
Following a power on, a reset, or completion of an Execute Device Diagnostic command, this register con­tains a diagnostic code. See Figure 59 on page 75 for the definitions.
Bit Definitions
ICRCE (CRC)
UNC
IDNF (IDN)
ABRT (ABT)
TK0NF (T0N)
AMNF (AMN)
Interface CRC Error. When CRC = 1, it indicates that a CRC error has occurred on the data bus during a Ultra DMA transfer.
Uncorrectable Data Error. When UNC = 1 it indicates that an uncorrectable data error has been encountered.
ID Not Found. When IDN = 1, it indicates that the requested sector's ID field could not b found.
Aborted Command. When ABT = 1, it indicates that the requested command has been aborted due to a device status error or an invalid parameter in an output register.
Track 0 Not Found. When T0N = 1, it indicates that track 0 was not found during a Recalibrate command.
Address Mark Not Found. When AMN = 1, it indicates that the data address mark has not been found after finding the correct ID field for the requested sector.
10.10 Features Register
This register is command specific. This register is used with the Set Features command, the S.M.A.R.T. Function Set command, and the Format Unit command.
10.11 Sector Count Register
This register contains the number of sectors of data requested to be transferred on a read or write operation between the host and the device. If the value in the register is set to 0, a count of 256 sectors is specified.
If the register is zero at command completion, the command was successful. If it is not successfully com­pleted, the register contains the number of sectors which need to be transferred in order to complete the request.
The contents of the register are defined differently on some commands. These definitions are given in section 13.0, “Command descriptions” on 107.
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10.12 Sector Number Register
h
t
This register contains the starting sector number for any disk data access for the subsequent command. The sector number is from one to the maximum number of sectors per track.
In LBA mode, this register contains Bits 0–7. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the current LBA Bits 0–7.
10.13 Status Register
Status Register
01234567
ERRIDXCORDRQDSCDFDRDYBSY
Figure 56. Status Register
This register contains the device status. The contents of this register are updated whenever an error occurs and at the completion of each command.
If the host reads this register when an interrupt is pending, it is considered to be the interrupt acknow­ledge. Any pending interrupt is cleared whenever this register is read.
If BSY=1, no other bits in the register are valid.
Bit Definitions BSY
DRDY (RDY)
DF
DSC
DRQ
IDX
ERR
Busy. Bit BSY=1 whenever the device is accessing the registers. The host should not read or write any registers when BSY=1. If the host reads any register when BSY=1, the contents of the Status Register will be returned.
Device Ready. When bit RDY=1 it indicates that the device is capable of responding to a command. Bit RDY will be set to 0 during power on until the device is ready to accept a command.
Device Fault. It DF=1 it indicates that the device has detected a write fault condition. Bit DF is set to 0 after the Status Register is read by the host.
Device Seek Complete. If DSC=1, it indicates that a Seek has completed and the device head is settled over a track. Bit DSC is set to 0 by the device just before a Seek begins. When an error occurs, this bit is not changed until the Status Register is read by the hos and at that time the bit again indicates the current Seek complete status. When the de­vice enters into or is in Standby mode or Sleep mode, this bit is set by device in spite of the drive not spinning up.
Data Request. Bit DRQ=1 indicates that the device is ready to transfer a word or byte of data between the host and the device. The host should not write the Command register when DRQ=1.
Corrected Data. Always 0.CORR (COR) Index. Bit IDX=1 once per revolution. Since IDX=1, only for a very short time during eac
revolution, the host may not see it set to 1 even if the host is reading the Status Register continuously. Therefore the host should not attempt to use IDX bit for timing purposes. Error. Bit ERR=1 indicates that an error occurred during execution of the previous com­mand. The Error Register should be read to determine the error type. The device sets bit ERR=0 when the next command is received from the host.
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11.0 General operation descriptions
-
11.1 Reset response
ATA has the following three types of resets:
Power On Reset (POR)
Hard Reset (Hardware Reset)
Soft Reset (Software Reset)
The actions of each reset are shown in Figure 57 on page 74.
The device executes a series of electrical circuitry diagnostics, spins up the head disk assembly, tests speed and other mechanical parametric, and sets default values.
The RESET signal is negated in the ATA Bus. The device resets the interface circuitry and sets the default values.
The SRST bit in the Device Control Register is set and then is reset. The device resets the interface circuitry according to the Set Features require ment.
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default
! Number of CHS (set by Initialize
Device Parameters)
! Multiple mode ! Write Cache ! Delayed Write ! Read look-ahead ! ECC bytes ! Volatile max. Address ! Address offset mode
o—execute x—does not execute
POR
hard
reset
soft
reset
oo-Aborting Host interface
(*1)(*1)-Aborting Device operation
xxoInitialization of hardware xxoInternal diagnostic xx(*6)Starting or Spinning Up spindle motor oooInitialization of registers (*2) xooDASP- handshake oooPDIAG- handshake
(*3)ooReverting programmed parameters to
(*4)(*4)(*6)Power mode
oooReset Standby timer value (*5)
Notes.
(*1).
(*2).
(*3).
Execute after the data in write cache has been written. The default value on POR is shown in Figure 58 on page 75. The Set Features command with Feature register = CCh enables the device to revert
these parameters to the power on defaults.
(*4).
In the case of sleep mode, the device goes to standby mode. In other cases, the device does not change current mode.
(*5).
(*6).
Figure 57. Reset response table
After reset the Standby timer value is set to 109 minutes. Set according to the initial power mode selection.
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11.2 Register initialization
After a power on, a hard reset, or a software reset, the register values are initialized as shown in the table below.
Default ValueRegister
Diagnostic CodeError
01hSector Count
01hSector Number
00hCylinder Low
00hCylinder High
A0hDevice/Head
50hStatus
50hAlternate Status
Figure 58. Default Register Values
If an Execute Device Diagnostic command is carried out, if the system is powered on, or if a hard reset oc­curs, the system generates an Error Register diagnostic code. See the table below for a description of the codes.
DescriptionCode
No error detected01h
Formatter device error02h
Sector buffer error03h
ECC circuitry error04h
Controller microprocessor error05h
Device 1 failed8xh
Figure 59. Diagnostic Codes
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11.3 Diagnostic and Reset considerations
t
The Set Max password, the Set Max security mode and the Set Max unlock counter are not retained over a Power On Reset but are retained over a Hard Reset or Soft Reset.
For each Reset and Execute Device Diagnostic, the diagnostic is done as follows:
Power On Reset, Hard Reset
Soft Reset
Execute Device Diagnostic
In each case – Power On Reset [Hard Reset], Soft Reset, and the Execute Device Diagnostic com- mand – the Device 0 Error register value is interpreted using the table below.
DASP- is read by Device 0 to determine if Device 1 is present. If Device 1 is pre­sent Device 0 shall read PDIAG- to determine when it is valid to clear the BSY bit and whether Device 1 has powered on or reset without error, otherwise Device 0 clears the BSY bit whenever it is ready to accept commands. Device 0 may asser DASP- to indicate device activity. If Device 1 is not present, Device 0 does not Assert DASP- at POR.
If Device 1 is present, Device 0 shall read PDIAG- to determine when it is valid to clear the BSY bit and whether Device 1 has reset without any errors; otherwise, Device 0 shall simply reset and clear the BSY bit. DASP- is asserted by Device 0 (and Device 1 if it is present) in order to indicate device active.
If Device 1 is present, Device 0 shall read PDIAG- to determine when it is valid to clear the BSY bit and if Device 1 passed or failed the EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC command; otherwise, Device 0 shall simply execute its diagnostics and then clear the BSY bit. DASP- is asserted by Device 0 (and Device 1 if it is present) in order to indicate that the device is active.
Device 1 present?
PDIAG-
Asserted?
Device 0
Passed
Error
Register
01hYesYesYes
0xhNoYesYes
81hYesNoYes
8xhNoNoYes
01hYes(not read)No
0xhNo(not read)No
The "x" indicates the appropriate Diagnostic Code for the Power on, RESET-, Soft Reset, or Device Diagnostic error.
Figure 60. Reset error register values
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11.4 Power-off considerations
11.4.1 Load/Unload
Load/Unload is a functional mechanism of the hard disk drive. It is controlled by the drive microcode. Specifically, unloading of the heads is invoked by the following commands.
ResponseCommand
UL -> Comp.Standby
UL -> Comp.Standby Immediate
UL -> Comp.Sleep
ResponseReset
Rdy (*1)Soft Reset
UL -> RdyHard Reset
= unloadUL = completeComp = interface readyRdy Load/Unload condition is not changed by Soft Reset(*1)
Figure 61. Device behavior by ATA commands.
Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.
The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, NOT in emer­gency mode.
11.4.2 Emergency unload
When the drive power is interrupted with the heads still loaded, the microcode cannot operate and the normal 5V power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not possible, so the heads are unloaded by routing the back EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The actuator velocity is greater than the normal case, and the unload process is inherently less controllable without a normal seek current profile.
Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently uncon­trolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.
A single emergency unload operation is more stressful than 100 normal unloads. Use of emergency un­load reduces the start/stop life of the drive at a rate at least 100 times faster than that of normal unload and may damage the drive.
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11.4.3 Required power-off sequence
When power is removed on most drives at an arbitrary time, problems can result. The followoing are examples of such problems:
! Data is lost from the write buffer ! If the drive is writing a sector, a partially-written sector with an incorrect ECC block results, the
sector contents are destroyed, and reading that sector results in a hard error
! Heads may land in the data zone instead of the landing zone depending on the design of the drive
You may then turn off the drive in the following order:
1. Issue Standby Immediate or sleep command
2. Wait until COMMAND COMPLETE STATUS is returned. (It may take up to 350 ms in a typical case.)
3. Terminate power to drive
This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, system suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is limited to rare scenarios such as battery removal during operation.
11.5 Sector Addressing Mode
All addressing of data sectors recorded on the device's media is done by a logical sector address. The logical CHS address for the drive is different from the actual physical CHS location of the data sector on the disk media.
The drive supports both Logical CHS Addressing Mode and LBA Addressing Mode as the sector addres­sing mode.
The host system may select either the currently selected CHS translation addressing or LBA addressing on a command-by-command basis by using the L bit in the DEVICE/HEAD register. A host system must set the L bit to 1 if the host uses LBA Addressing mode.
11.5.1 Logical CHS addressing mode
The logical CHS addressing is made up of three fields: the cylinder number, the head number, and the sector number. Sectors are numbered from 1 to the maximum value allowed by the current CHS trans­lation mode but cannot exceed 255 (0FFh). Heads are numbered from 0 to the maximum value allowed by the current CHS translation mode but cannot exceed 15 (0Fh). Cylinders are numbered from 0 to the maximum value allowed by the current CHS translation mode but cannot exceed 65535 (0FFFFh).
When the host selects a CHS translation mode using the INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS command, the host requests the number of sectors per logical track and the number of heads per logical cylinder. The device then computes the number of logical cylinders available in requested mode.
The default CHS translation mode is described in the Identify Device Information. The current CHS trans­lation mode also is described in the Identify Device Information.
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11.5.2 LBA addressing mode
Logical sectors on the device shall be linearly mapped with the first LBA addressed sector (sector 0) being the same sector as the first logical CHS addressed sector ( cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1). Irrespective of the logical CHS translation mode currently in effect, the LBA address of a given logical sector does not change. The following formula is always true:
LBA = ((cylinder x heads_per_cylinder + heads) x sectors_per_track) +
sector - 1
where heads_per_cylinder and sectors_per_track are the current translation mode values.
On LBA addressing mode, the LBA value is set to the following register:
<- - - LBA bits 27–24Device/Head
<- - - LBA bits 23–16Cylinder High
<- - - LBA bits 15–8Cylinder Low
<- - - LBA bits 7–0Sector Number
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11.6 Power management features
The power management feature set permits a host to modify the behavior in a manner which reduces the power required to operate. The power management feature set provides a set of commands and a timer that enables a device to implement low power consumption modes.
The drive implements the following set of functions:
1. A Standby timer
2. Idle command
3. Idle Immediate command
4. Sleep command
5. Standby command
6. Standby Immediate command
11.6.1 Power Mode
Sleep Mode
Standby Mode
Active Mode
The lowest power consumption when the device is powered on occurs in Sleep Mode. When in sleep mode, the device requires a reset to be activated.
The device interface is capable of accepting commands, but since the media may not be immediately accessible, there is a delay while waiting for the spindle to reach operating speed.
Refer to 11.7, "Adaptive Battery Life Extender (ABLE-3) feature" on page 82.Idle Mode
The device is in execution of a command or accessing the disk media with the read look-ahead function or the write cache function.
11.6.2 Power management commands
The Check Power Mode command allows a host to determine if a device is currently in, going to, or leav­ing standby mode.
The Idle and Idle Immediate commands move a device to idle mode immediately from the active or stand­by modes. The idle command also sets the standby timer count and starts the standby timer.
The sleep command moves a device to sleep mode. The device's interface becomes inactive at the completion of the sleep command. A reset is required to move a device out of sleep mode. When a device exits sleep mode it will enter standby mode.
The Standby and Standby Immediate commands move a device to standby mode immediately from the active or idle modes. The standby command also sets the standby timer count.
11.6.3 Standby/Sleep command completion timing
1. Confirm the completion of writing cached data in the buffer to media.
2. Unload the heads on the ramp.
3. Set the DRDY bit and the DSC bit in Status Register.
4. Set the INTRQ (completion of the command).
5. Activate the spindle break to stop the spindle motor.
6. Wait until the spindle motor is stopped.
7. Perform the post process.
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11.6.4 Standby timer
The standby timer provides a method for the device to automatically enter standby mode from either active or idle mode following a host programmed period of inactivity. If the device is in the active or idle mode, the device waits for the specified time period and if no command is received, the device automa­tically enters the standby mode.
If the value of the SECTOR COUNT register on Idle command or the Standby command is set to "00h", the device will automatically set the standby timer to 109 minutes.
11.6.5 Status
In the active, idle, and standby modes, the device shall have the RDY bit of the status register set. If the BSY bit is not set, the device shall be ready to accept any command.
In sleep mode, the device's interface is not active. A host shall not attempt to read the status of the device or issue commands to the device.
11.6.6 Interface Capability for Power Modes
Each power mode affects the physical interface as defined in the following table:
RDYBSYMode
Figure 62. Power conditions
Ready (RDY) is not a power condition. A device may post ready at the interface even though the media may not be accessible.
The interface is inactive in sleep mode, but the access to the interface registers and the validity of INTRQ is guaranteed for two seconds after the Sleep command is completed. After this period, the contents of interface registers may be lost. Since the contents of interface registers may be invalid, the host should NOT check the Status register nor the Alternate Status register prior to issuing a soft reset to wake up a device.
Interface
active
Media
ActiveYesxxActive
ActiveYes1oIdle InactiveYes1oStandby InactiveNoxxSleep
11.6.7 Initial Power Mode at Power On
After power on or hard reset the device goes to IDLE mode or STANDBY mode depending on the option. Refer to section 4.4.3, "Operating Modes" on page 17 for the initial power mode selection.
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11.7 Advanced Power Management (ABLE-3) feature
This feature provides power saving without performance degradation. The Adaptive Battery Life Extender 3 (ABLE-3) technology intelligently manages transition among power modes within the device by monitoring access patterns of the host.
This technology has three idle modes; Performance Idle mode, Active Idle mode, and Low Power Idle mode.
This feature allows the host to select an advanced power management level. The advanced power management level is a scale from the lowest power consumption setting of 01h to the maximum perfor­mance level of FEh. Device performance may increase with increasing advanced power management levels. Device power consumption may increase with increasing advanced power management levels. The advanced power management levels contain discrete bands, described in the section of Set Feature command in detail.
This feature set uses the following functions:
! A SET FEATURES subcommand to enable Advanced Power Management
! A SET FEATURES subcommand to disable Advanced Power Management
The Advanced Power Management feature is independent of the Standby timer setting. If both Advanced Power Management level and the Standby timer are set, the device will go to the Standby state when the timer times out or the device's Advanced Power Management algorithm indicates that it is time to enter the Standby state.
The IDENTIFY DEVICE response word 83, bit 3 indicates that Advanced Power Management feature is supported if set. Word 86, bit 3 indicates that Advanced Power Management is enabled if set. Word 91, bits 7-0 contain the current Advanced Power Management level if Advanced Power Management is enabled.
11.7.1 Performance Idle Mode
This mode is usually entered immediately after Active mode command processing is complete, instead of conventional idle mode. In Performance Idle mode, all electronic components remain powered and full frequency servo remains operational. This provides instantaneous response to the next command. The duration of this mode is intelligently managed as described below.
11.7.2 Active Idle Mode
In this mode, power consumption is 45–55% less than that of Performance Idle mode. Additional electro­nics are powered off and the head is parked near the mid-diameter of the disk without servoing. Recovery time to Active mode is about 20 ms.
11.7.3 Low Power Idle Mode
Power consumption is 60–65% less than that of Performance Idle mode. The heads are unloaded on the ramp but the spindle is still rotated at the full speed. Recovery time to Active mode is about 300 ms.
11.7.4 Transition Time
The transition time is dynamically managed by the user's recent access pattern, instead of fixed times. The ABLE-3 algorithm monitors the interval between commands instead of the command frequency of ABLE-2. The algorithm supposes that the next command will come with the same command interval
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distribution as the previous access pattern. The algorithm calculates the expected average saving energy and response delay for next command in several transition time case based on this assumption. And it selects the most effective transition time with the condition that the calculated response delay is shorter than the value calculated from the specified level by Set Feature Enable Advanced Power Management command.
The optimal time to enter Active Idle mode is variable depending on the recent behavior of the user. It is not possible to achieve the same level of Power savings with a fixed entry time into Active Idle because every user’s data and access pattern is different. The optimum entry time changes over time.
The same algorithm works for entering into Low Power Idle mode and Standby mode, which consumes less power but needs more recovery time switching from this mode to Active mode.
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11.8 S.M.A.R.T. Function
The intent of Self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology (S.M.A.R.T.) is to protect user data and prevent unscheduled system downtime that may be caused by predictable degradation and/or fault of the device. By monitoring and storing critical performance and calibration parameters, S.M.A.R.T. devices employ sophisticated data analysis algorithms to predict the likelihood of near-term degradation or fault condition. By alerting the host system of a negative reliability status condition, the host system can warn the user of the impending risk of a data loss and advise the user of appropriate action.
Since S.M.A.R.T. utilizes the internal device microprocessor and other device resources, there may be some small overhead associated with its operation. However, special care has been taken in the design of the S.M.A.R.T. algorithms to minimize the impact to host system performance. Actual impact of S.M.A.R.T. overhead is dependent on the specific device design and the usage patterns of the host system. To further ensure minimal impact to the user, S.M.A.R.T. capable devices are shipped from the device manufacturer's factory with the S.M.A.R.T. feature disabled. S.M.A.R.T. capable devices can be enabled by the system OEMs at time of system integration or in the field by after-market products.
11.8.1 Attributes
Attributes are the specific performance or calibration parameters that are used in analyzing the status of the device. Attributes are selected by the device manufacturer based on that attribute's ability to contribute to the prediction of degrading or faulty conditions for that particular device. The specific set of attributes being used and the identity of these attributes is vendor specific and proprietary.
11.8.2 Attribute values
Attribute values are used to represent the relative reliability of individual performance or calibration attri­butes. Higher attribute values indicate that the analysis algorithms being used by the device are predicting a lower probability of a degrading or fault condition existing. Accordingly, lower attribute values indicate that the analysis algorithms being used by the device are predicting a higher probability of a degrading or fault condition existing. There is no implied linear reliability relationship corresponding to the numerical relationship between different attribute values for any particular attribute.
11.8.3 Attribute thresholds
Each attribute value has a corresponding attribute threshold limit which is used for direct comparison to the attribute value to indicate the existence of a degrading or faulty condition. The numerical value of the attribute thresholds are determined by the device manufacturer through design and reliability testing and analysis. Each attribute threshold represents the lowest limit to which its corresponding attribute value can be equal while still retaining a positive reliability status. Attribute thresholds are set at the device manufac­turer's factory and cannot be changed in the field. The valid range for attribute thresholds is from 1 through 253 decimal.
11.8.4 Threshold exceeded condition
If one or more attribute values are less than or equal to their corresponding attribute thresholds, then the device reliability status is negative, indicating an impending degrading or faulty condition.
11.8.5 S.M.A.R.T. commands
The S.M.A.R.T. commands provide access to attribute values, attribute thresholds and other logging and reporting information.
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11.8.6 S.M.A.R.T. operation with power management modes
The device saves attribute values automatically on every head unload timing except the emergency un­load, even if the attribute auto save feature is not enabled. The head unload is done not only by Standby, Standby Immediate, or Sleep command or Hard Reset, but also by the automatic power saving functions like ABLE-3 or Standby timer. So basically it is not necessary for a host system to enable the attribute auto save feature, when it utilizes the power management. If the attribute auto save feature is enabled, attribute values will be saved after 30minutes passed since the last saving, besides above condition.
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11.9 Security Mode Feature Set
Security Mode Feature Set is a powerful security feature. With a device lock password, a user can prevent unauthorized access to a device even if it is removed from the computer.
New commands are supported for this feature as listed below:
('F1'h)Security Set Password ('F2'h)Security Unlock ('F3'h)Security Erase Prepare ('F4'h)Security Erase Unit ('F5'h)Security Freeze Lock ('F6'h)Security Disable Password
11.9.1 Security Mode
The following security modes are provided.
Device Locked Mode
Device Unlocked Mode
Device Frozen Mode
The device disables media access commands after power on. Media access commands are enabled by either a Security Unlock command or a Security Erase Unit command.
The device enables all commands. If a password is not set this mode is entered after power on, otherwise it is entered by a Security Unlock or a Security Erase Unit command.
The device enables all commands except those which can update the device lock function, set/change password. The device enters this mode via a Security Freeze Lock command. It cannot quit this mode until power off.
11.9.2 Security level
The following security levels are provided:
High level security
Maximum level security
When the device lock function is enabled and the User Password is forgotten, the device can be unlocked via a Master Password.
When the device lock function is enabled and the User Password is forgotten, then only the Master Password with a Security Erase Unit command can unlock the device. Then user data is erased.
11.9.3 Password
This function can have two types of passwords as described below.
Master Password
User Password
The system manufacturer or dealer who intends to enable the device lock function for end users must set the master password even if only single level password protection is required. Otherwise, the 'default' master password which is set by IBM can unlock a device that is locked with a user password.
When the Master Password is set, the device does NOT enable the Device Lock Function, and the device CANNOT be locked with the Master Password, but the Master Password can be used for unlocking the locked device.
The User Password should be given or changed by a system user. When the User Password is set, the device enables the Device Lock Function, and then the device is locked on the next power on reset or hard reset.
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11.9.4 Master Password Revision Code
This Master Password Revision Code is set by Security Set Password command with the master pass­word. And this revision code field is returned in the Identify Device command word 92. The valid revision codes are 0001h to FFFEh. The default value of Master Password Revision Code is FFFEh. Values 0000h and FFFFh are reserved.
11.9.5 Operation example
11.9.5.1 Master Password setting
The system manufacturer or dealer can set an initial Master Password using the Security Set Password command, without enabling the Device Lock Function.
11.9.5.2 User Password setting
When a User Password is set, the device will automatically enter lock mode the next time the device is powered on.
< Setting password >
Set Password with User Password
POR
Figure 63. Initial setting
POR
Normal operation
Power off
Device locked mode
< No setting password >
POR
Normal operation
Power off
POR
Device unlocked mode
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