IBM 8275-416 User Manual

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8275 Model 416 High Performance Ethernet Workgroup Switch

User’s Guide

Release 1.2

IBM

GC30-4026-02

8275 Model 416 High Performance Ethernet Workgroup Switch

User’s Guide

Release 1.2

IBM

GC30-4026-02

Note

Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read “Appendix A. Safety Information” on page 93 and “Appendix B. Notices” on page 103.

Third Edition (December 1999)

This edition applies to Release 1.2 of the IBM 8275 Model 416 High Performance Ethernet Workgroup Switch. Order publications through your IBM representative or the IBM branch office serving your locality. Publications are

not stocked at the address given below. A form for readers’ comments appears at the back of this publication. If the form has been removed, address your

comments to: Department CGF

Design & Information Development IBM Corporation PO Box 12195 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 U.S.A.

When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a nonexclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.

US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Contents

Figures ...........................vii

Tables ............................ix

About this guide ........................xi

Who should use this guide .....................xi

How this guide is organized ....................xi

Accessing the softcopy library....................xi

Online support .........................xii

Obtaining service ........................xii

Summary of Changes .....................xiii

Chapter 1. Introduction......................1

Product overview ........................1

Switch functions .........................1

Layer 2 switching .......................1

Virtual local area networks (VLANs).................2

Self Learning IP ........................2

Link aggregation (trunking) ....................4

Fast spanning tree mode ....................4

Management and user interfaces..................5

Security ...........................6

Reliability and serviceability....................6

Performance .........................6

Year 2000 (Y2K) Compliance ...................6

Hardware ...........................7

Cabling requirements ......................7

Front panel..........................8

Switch LED status.......................10

Single-digit display ......................11

Base ports LEDs .......................12

Feature module LEDs .....................13

Physical characteristics .....................17

Chapter 2. Accessing the switch .................19

Types of Connectivity ......................19

Out-of-band connection .....................19

In-band connection – Telnet, Web, SNMP ..............21

Chapter 3. Configuring your switch ................25

Configuring IP information .....................25

Remote configuration using DHCP or BootP .............25

Manual configuration using the terminal interface ...........25

Configuration Changes ......................27

Making configuration changes using the terminal interface ........27

Making configuration changes using the Web interface .........29

Making configuration changes using SNMP .............30

Managing the configuration file ...................30

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface ...............31

The Main Menu.........................32

System information .......................32

Inventory information......................33

System description ......................33

Management..........................35

Configuring network connection for the switch ............35

Configuring serial port .....................36

Configuring for DHCP or BootP ..................37

Configuring the SNMP community .................38

Configuring traps .......................41

Configuring Telnet.......................44

Ping ............................45

ARP cache .........................46

Device configuration .......................47

Configuring the switch .....................47

Configuring ports .......................48

Configuring port monitoring ...................50

Configuring spanning tree protocol (STP) ..............52

VLAN management ......................53

Trunk management menu ....................58

Statistics ...........................61

Port summary statistics .....................61

Port detailed statistics .....................62

Switch summary statistics ....................64

Switch detailed statistics ....................64

Forwarding database information .................66

Self Learning IP router table menu ................66

Self Learning IP host address menu ................67

User account management ....................70

Defining user accounts .....................70

Managing login sessions ....................71

System utilities .........................72

Saving applied changes ....................72

Logging out .........................72

Handling files ........................73

Reset utility .........................77

System reset menu ......................77

Resetting configuration data to factory default values ..........78

Resetting passwords to factory default values ............79

iv 8275-416 User’s Guide

Chapter 5. Using the Web Interface ................81

Configuring for Web Access ....................81

Web Page Layout ........................81

Starting the Web Interface.....................82

Commands .........................82

Chapter 6. Using the SNMP Interface ................85

MIBs supported ........................85

MIB II (RFC 1213) ......................85

Definitions of managed objects for bridges (RFC 1493) .........86

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643) ...............86

Remote monitoring (RMON) MIB (RFC 1757) ............87

IBM 8275-416 switch enterprise MIB ................87

Port ifIndex values .......................87

Chapter 7. Troubleshooting and Obtaining Service ..........89

Diagnosing Problems ......................89

Obtaining Software .......................89

Troubleshooting in a Network ...................89

Start of Troubleshooting Process ..................89

Choosing a Troubleshooting Procedure ................90

Procedure A .........................90

Procedure B .........................90

Procedure C .........................91

Procedure D .........................91

Procedure E .........................92

Obtaining Service ........................92

Appendix A. Safety Information ..................93

Reference to Safety Booklet ....................93

Safety Notice .........................97

Appendix B. Notices ......................103

Electronic Emission Notices....................104

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement ........104

Industry Canada Class A Emission Compliance Statement .......104

Avis de conformité aux normes d’Industrie Canada ..........104

European Norm (EN) Statement .................104

Japanese Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement 105

Korean Communications Statement ................105

Power line harmonics compliance ................106

Taiwanese Class A Warning Statement ..............106

Class 1 Laser Statement.....................106

Class 1 LED Statement .....................106

Trademarks..........................107

Appendix C. Cable Pinout Diagrams................109

Straight-Through 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Cables ...........109

Straight-Through 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Cables for STP ........109

Crossover 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Cables ..............110

Crossover 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Cables for STP ...........110

EIA-232 Port .........................111

Null-Modem Cables.......................112

Appendix D. Interface Conventions for the Console..........113

Appendix E. Introduction to Virtual LANs (VLANs) ..........117

Virtual LANs .........................117

Benefits of VLANs ......................117

How VLANs ease change and movement..............117

How VLANs control broadcast traffic ...............117

How VLANs provide extra security ................117

VLANs and the switch .....................118

Priority and traffic classes ...................118

Overview of IEEE 820.1Q VLAN support ..............119

Configuration examples ....................120

Using unique MAC addresses ..................123

Duplicate VLAN configurations and oversubscription of switch resources 123

Index ............................125

Glossary ..........................133

Contents v

Readers’ Comments — We’d Like to Hear from You .........137

vi 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figures

1. Self-Learning IP in the network ..........................3

2. Front panel of the switch. ............................8

3. LEDs for the switch...............................10

4. LEDs for the base 10/100BASE-TX ports on the switch ................12

5. LEDs for the 8-port 10/100BASE-TX feature module. .................13

6. LEDs for the 8-port 100BASE-FX feature module....................14

7. LEDs for the 4-port 100BASE-FX feature module....................15

8. LEDs for the 2-port 1000BASE-SX feature module. ..................16

9. Out-of-band connectivity - locally attached terminal ..................20

10. Out-of-band connectivity - remotely attached terminal .................20

11. In-band connection ..............................22

12. Configuring BootP/static DHCP and network connection (IP information). ..........26

13. Login panel for terminal interface .........................31

14. Main menu for terminal interface .........................32

15. System information menu............................33

16. Inventory information menu ...........................33

17. System description menu............................34

18. Management menu ..............................35

19. Network connection configuration.........................35

20. Serial port configuration ............................37

21. SNMP community configuration .........................39

22. SNMP trap receiver configuration.........................41

23. Trap flags configuration ............................42

24.Traplog..................................43

25. Trap log status ...............................44

26. Telnet configuration ..............................44

27. Ping ...................................45

28. ARP cache .................................46

29. Device configuration .............................47

30. Switch configuration..............................47

31. Port configuration ..............................49

32. Port monitoring ...............................51

33. Spanning tree switch configuration/status ......................52

34. Spanning tree port configuration/status.......................53

35. VLAN management menu ...........................54

36. VLAN summary and configuration ........................54

37. VLAN Configuration Menu ...........................55

38. GARP configuration ..............................56

39. 802.1Q port configuration............................57

40. VLAN reset .................................58

41. Trunk status menu ..............................59

42. Configure trunk menu .............................60

43. Statistics Menu ...............................61

44. Port summary statistics ............................62

45. Port detailed statistics (Page 1 of 4)........................62

46. Port detailed statistics (Page 2 of 4)........................63

47. Port detailed statistics (Page 3 of 4)........................63

48. Port detailed statistics (Page 4 of 4)........................64

49. Switch summary statistics ...........................64

50. Switch detailed statistics ............................65

51. Self Learning IP statistics............................65

52. Forwarding database information .........................66

53. Self Learning IP router table menu ........................67

54. Self Learning IP host address menu........................68

55. User account management ...........................70

56. Login session management ...........................71

57. Save applied changes .............................72

58. Logout utility ................................73

59. Downloading a file to the switch .........................75

60. Uploading a file from the switch .........................76

61. System Reset menu .............................77

62. System reset menu ..............................78

63. Reset configuration data to factory defaults .....................78

64. Reset passwords to factory defaults........................79

65. Web interface panel–example ..........................82

66. Straight-Through UTP Cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45), T568A ................109

67. Straight-Through UTP Cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45), T568B ................109

68. Straight-Through STP Cable (RJ-45 to IBM Data Connector) ..............109

69. Crossover UTP Cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45), T568A ...................110

70. Crossover UTP Cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45), T568B ...................110

71. Crossover STP Cable (RJ-45 to IBM Data Connector Crossover) ............110

72. Pinout of the EIA-232 Port ...........................111

73. EIA-232 Null Modem Cable for Terminal with 25-Pin Connector .............112

74. EIA-232 Null Modem Cable for Terminal with 9-Pin Connector..............112

75. An Example of VLANs ............................118

76. Untagged device to untagged device configuration ..................120

77. 802.1Q-compliant device (tagging and GVRP) to 802.1Q-compliant device (tagging and GVRP)

configuration ................................121

78. Untagged device to 802.1Q compliant device (tagging and GVRP) configuration .......122

79. Untagged device to 802.1Q-compliant device (tagging only) configuration .........123

viii 8275-416 User’s Guide

Tables

1. Ethernet cable requirements ...........................7

2. LED status for the switch. ...........................10

3. Problem indications on the single-digit display when the Fault LED is ON. ..........11

4. Status of LEDs for 16 base 10/100BASE-TX ports ..................12

5. Status of LEDs for 8-port 10/100BASE-TX feature module ...............13

6. Status of LEDs for 8-port 100BASE-FX feature module.................14

7. Status of LEDs for 4-port 100BASE-FX feature module.................15

8. Status of LEDs for 2-port 1000BASE-SX feature module ................16

9. Summary of physical characteristics for the switch ..................17

10. Connection methods and available user interfaces ..................19

11. Messages - while downloading files ........................73

12. Messages - while uploading files .........................74

13. MIBs Supported by the Switch. .........................85

14. Troubleshooting Symptoms and Actions ......................90

15. Special Keys and Commands Used with the Terminal Interface .............113

16. Acceptable VLAN configurations with no feature modules ...............124

x 8275-416 User’s Guide

About this guide

This guide briefly describes the features and capabilities of the 8275 Model 416 High Performance Ethernet Workgroup Switch. However, its primary purpose is to describe how to use the capabilities offered by the switch to configure, obtain status information, and monitor performance of the switch in your network.

Who should use this guide

This guide is intended for the network administrator or person responsible for integrating, maintaining and monitoring the switch in your network. The person responsible for coordinating installation and service for the switch will also find this manual useful.

How this guide is organized

This guide contains the following chapters and appendixes: v “Chapter 1. Introduction” on page 1 describes the functions and capabilities of the

switch.

v “Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 describes the various physical

methods of accessing the switch.

v “Chapter 3. Configuring your switch” on page 25 describes initial configuration of

IP information.

v “Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface” on page 31 describes the using

functions of the terminal interface.

v “Chapter 6. Using the SNMP Interface” on page 85 contains information about

using SNMP to manage the switch.

v “Chapter 5. Using the Web Interface” on page 81 introduces the Web interface. v “Chapter 7. Troubleshooting and Obtaining Service” on page 89 gives

suggestions for solving problems obtaining service.

v “Appendix A. Safety Information” on page 93 contains translated safety

instructions to observe when performing troubleshooting procedures.

v “Appendix B. Notices” on page 103 lists important notices about the use of this

product.

v “Appendix C. Cable Pinout Diagrams” on page 109 describes and illustrates

pinout diagrams for Ethernet and null-modem cable connectors.

v “Appendix D. Interface Conventions for the Console” on page 113 describes the

definitions and functions of special keys and commands that are used by the terminal interface.

v “Appendix E. Introduction to Virtual LANs (VLANs)” on page 117 briefly introduces

concepts and terminology about virtual local area Networks (VLANs).

Accessing the softcopy library

Softcopy versions of 8275-416 product documentation are available from either the Documentation CD-ROM (shipped with the product) or the IBM Networking Products Web site. To access product documentation shipped on the CD-ROM, follow the instructions in the booklet that accompanies the CD-ROM. Visit the following Web site to access the 8275-416 documentation at:

http://www.ibm.com/networking/support/docs.nsf/8275docs?OpenView

Online support

To obtain support information, including technical tips, current product information, and code updates and fixes for the switch, visit the IBM Networking Tech Support page at:

http://www.ibm.com/networking/support

You may also subscribe to receive e-mail notifications about code updates, tips, and FAQs for your switch.

Obtaining service

If you need assistance in troubleshooting or you need service for your 8275-416, call IBM at:

v 1-800-772-2227 in the United States v 1-800-426-7378 (1-800-IBM-SERV) in Canada. v In other locations, contact your place of purchase.

Refer to your IBM Warranty for information concerning service for the product.

xii 8275-416 User’s Guide

Summary of Changes

Changes in this revision are indicated with revision bars in the left margin and reflect:

v The addition of the 2-Port 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Feature Module v The addition of these functions:

– Trunking – Self-learning IP – Port-based and fast spanning tree – Enable/disable Web mode configuration from SNMP – Enable/disable broadcast storm suppression trap

v New terminal interface panels in Chapter 4 to reflect new function for Release

1.2.

v General editorial changes

xiv 8275-416 User’s Guide

Chapter 1. Introduction

This chapter briefly describes the functions, capabilities, and benefits of the 8275 Model 416 High Performance Ethernet Workgroup Switch. This information helps you to plan for and use the switch in your network.

Product overview

Fast Ethernet switching continues to evolve from high-end backbone applications to desktop-switching applications. The switch provides a low-cost and powerful Layer 2 switch solution. It is an attractive base switch offering with the following key functions:

v High-performance, Layer 2, managed switch v 16 base ports (10/100BASE-TX), expandable from 18 to 32 ports, depending on

the combination of the following optional feature modules: – 8-Port 10/100BASE-TX – 8-Port 100BASE-FX – 4-Port 100BASE-FX – 2-Port 1000BASE-SX

v Robust management support; VT100 terminal interface, Web interface, SNMP v Backplane performance 10 gigabits per second Ethernet switching v Desktop and segment switching infrastructure v Affordable migration to higher-performance networks

As a network administrator, you have a choice of three easy-to-use management methods: VT100 terminal interface, Web-based, and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). These management methods enable you to configure, manage, and control the switch locally or from anywhere on the network.

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) provides fault tolerance on the network.

Switch functions

This section describes the functional support included in the switch:

v Layer 2 switching v Virtual local area networks (VLANs) v Management and user interface v Self-learning IP v Link aggregation (trunking) v Fast spanning tree mode v Security v Reliability and serviceability v Performance v Flow Control v Year 2000 (Y2K) compliance

Layer 2 switching

The 8275-416 is a Layer 2 Ethernet switch in which frame forwarding is based on MAC addresses and VLAN membership. The switch supports the IEEE 802.1D (1998) and 802.1Q standards.

802.3x flow control

The switch supports 802.3x flow control, which, when enabled, allows the transmission of data frames to be inhibited for a specified period of time. The default for 802.3x flow control is port is in full-duplex mode.

Disabled

. 802.3x flow control is valid only when the

Broadcast storm recovery

The switch detects broadcast storms and automatically blocks broadcast traffic to minimize the impact of the broadcast storm on the rest of the network. You can enable or disable this function at a switch level. For all broadcast frames received by the switch, the broadcast storm recovery operation depends on port speed and is described as follows:

1. If the Broadcast Storm Recovery Mode is a 10 Mbps Ethernet port exceeds 20% of the link speed, then the switch blocks the broadcast traffic on the port until the broadcast traffic is returned to 10% or below.

2. If the Broadcast Storm Recovery Mode is a 100 Mbps Ethernet port exceeds 5% of the link speed, then the switch blocks the broadcast traffic on the port until the broadcast traffic is returned to 2.5% or below.

3. Broadcast Storm Recovery is not supported on 1000 Mbps Ethernet ports.

4. If Broadcast Storm Recovery Mode is broadcast traffic on the Ethernet port.

5. The switch issues a trap message when traffic exceeds a port’s broadcast threshold and when it returns to or below the port’s recovery threshold.

Enable

Disable

, and if the broadcast traffic on

, the switch does not block the

Forwarding database

The switch port MAC addresses are stored in the forwarding database. An address learned by the switch is removed from the forwarding database after a period of time if no frames have been received from that address. The default value for the aging period is 300 seconds (5 minutes), but it can be configured by the user. The time values range from 10 seconds to 600 seconds.

The switch forwarding database stores 12 000 entries. When the database is full, no new entries are learned until an existing entry ages out. All frames with unknown destination addresses are multicast to all ports in the appropriate VLAN.

Virtual local area networks (VLANs)

The switch supports VLANs. “Appendix E. Introduction to Virtual LANs (VLANs)” on page 117 provides an introduction to VLANs. It describes concepts and terminology, as well as, the benefits of using VLANs. The switch is manageable only through the ports which are members of the Default VLAN (VLAN 1).

Figure 36 on page 54 and Figure 37 on page 55 show examples of the panels and descriptions of the parameters used to configure VLANs.

Self Learning IP

Self Learning IP is a configurable function of the switch that learns where IP addresses are in the network so that packets normally sent from one host to another through a router can bypass the router and be sent directly to the destination host address. Self Learning IP is most effective when the switch is used to “front” the router (the switch is positioned logically between the router and the networks to which it belongs). Because of this strategic vantage point in the network (Figure 1 on page 3), the switch has visibility to all packets flowing to and from the

2 8275-416 User’s Guide

router, as well as between any two switch ports. The switch monitors the traffic to determine if a Layer 2 shortcut can be used instead of subjecting the packet to Layer 3 router processing which can be relatively lengthy.

Router

Switch

1.1.1.x Subnet

Server

Host A

1.1.1.10

* Host = clients or servers

Figure 1. Self-Learning IP in the network

2.2.2.x Subnet

Host B

2.2.2.20

The Self Learning IP function essentially:

v Learns the network structure, classifying attached devices as routers or hosts. v Maintains knowledge of network structure, aging out unused devices over time. v Expedites packet flow through the network by circumventing the router whenever

possible.

Device learning and classification is accomplished by watching ARP replies that flow naturally through the switch with the addition of active probing to determining whether a device is a router or a host. When an IP packet enters the switch, the Self Learning IP function compares the destination MAC address against the list of known routers, then checks if the destination IP address is a known host. If both tests pass, the packet is automatically re-addressed to the destination IP host device and is sent out the appropriate switch port.

A Router Table and Host Table are used to manage information learned about router and host devices, respectively. To keep this network information current, the Router Table entries are refreshed every 5 minutes while Host Table entries are checked every 3 minutes. Devices which are no longer active are dropped from their table; devices may be relearned at a later time as conditions change.

To use the Self Learning IP function, the switch must be configured with the following:

v IP information (see Network Connectivity Configuration Menu in Chapter 4).

Note: For the Self Learning IP function to work, the IP information must include

a default gateway for the network.

v Enable the Self Learning IP function (see the Switch Configuration Menu in

Chapter 4).

Chapter 1. Introduction 3

Once Self Learning IP is enabled, the following information is available: v Self Learning IP statistics for the switch (see Switch Detailed Statistics Menu in

Chapter 4).

v IP and MAC addresses of routers learned (see Self Learning IP Router Table

Menu in Chapter 4).

v Host IP statistics (see Self Learning IP Host Address Menu in Chapter 4). Note that the Packets Switched count included in the Switch Detailed Statistics

Menu may not reflect the absolute latest value. The information used for updating this count is obtained as individual Host Table entries are refreshed, so while this value can change over time, it does not necessarily update at the same frequency as other statistics on the menu.

While intended as an autonomous feature, Self Learning IP is affected by certain changes in switch configuration. If Self Learning IP is enabled and the switch IP address is reset, the Self Learning IP function is automatically disabled. The Self Learning IP Router and Host Tables are cleared whenever there is a link aggregation configuration change (see Link aggregation (trunking) in this chapter), forcing router and host devices to be relearned.

Link aggregation (trunking)

Link aggregation, also called together logically to appear as one super-link. The super-link or Link Aggregation Group (LAG) has access to the combined bandwidth of all links.

trunking

allows 802.3 MAC interfaces to be grouped

The Sun Trunking 100BASE-FX ports. All members of the trunk must support Sun Trunking information about configuring trunks, see “Trunk management menu” on page 58. Up to 8 trunks can be configured.

Advantages of trunking are: v Fault tolerance: Failure of one or more of the links in the LAG are handled

gracefully. If a link of the LAG fails, the flows mapped to that link are dynamically reassigned to the remaining links of the LAG.

v Redundancy: Link aggregation also provides automatic, point-to-point redundancy

between two devices (switch-to-switch).

Fast spanning tree mode

The IEEE 802.1D spanning tree protocol (STP) is designed to prevent loops in Ethernet networks. To achieve this objective the STP does not allow switches to forward data frames on a link immediately after the link is activated. The STP first listens for spanning tree BPDUs from other switches, then determines whether to put the link into forwarding state. When a default IEEE spanning tree timer value of 15 seconds is used for the forward delay timer, a link can start forwarding traffic 30 seconds after it becomes active on the network.

In networks with shared media hubs, there is a trend to attach network stations (or hosts) directly to multi-port bridges (otherwise known as switches). Unfortunately, the 802.1D spanning tree protocol has not been changed to accommodate this trend. So, when a network station is ready to send data, the switch does not allow the network station to communicate on the network until STP puts the port in forwarding state. The 30 second delay forces the network station users to wait

™

1.0 specification is supported for the 10/100BASE-TX and

™

1.0. For

4 8275-416 User’s Guide

longer before accessing the network. Even worse, some higher level protocols running on the network station may time out, generate error messages or not work at all.

The 802.1D standard specifies that when a link comes up on the network, the spanning tree state is set to “Listening”. After the forward delay timer expires, the spanning tree state is set to “Learning”, and after another forward delay timer interval the state is set to “Forwarding”. The forward delay timer is set for the entire network by the root bridge. The default value for this timer is 15 seconds.

With the Fast Spanning Tree function, the transition from “Listening” to “Learning” and the transition from “Learning” to “Forwarding” takes approximately 6 to 8 seconds. The forward delay timer behavior reverts to the 802.1D standard (15 seconds) after a port goes into forwarding state or blocking state.

Fast Spanning Tree mode is configurable by port. The default is the standard

802.1D protocol. When a port is configured in Fast Spanning Tree mode, it takes approximately 6 to 8 seconds before traffic can be forwarded on the link. Spanning tree can also be disabled on the port. For details about configuring ports for Fast Spanning Tree mode, see the Port Configuration Menu in Chapter 4.

Management and user interfaces

Note: The switch is manageable using the Ethernet network only through the ports

which are members of the Default VLAN (VLAN 1).

You have a choice of these easy-to-use management methods: v A VT100 terminal interface allows you to fully manage the switch using a

standard terminal or terminal emulator connected over the network using Telnet or connected to the switch’s serial port (EIA 232).

“Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 describes how to access the switch using this interface and “Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface” on page 31 instructs you about using this interface.

v A Web-based interface enables you to manage the switch through standard Web

browsers. There must be a physical path between the Web browser and the switch over the Ethernet network to use this method of connectivity.

“Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 describes how to access the switch using this interface and “Chapter 5. Using the Web Interface” on page 81 instructs you about using this interface.

v The switch has a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent that the

network administrator can access with a standard network manager. The following MIBs (Management Information Base) are supported: – MIB II (RFC 1213) – 8275-416 Enterprise MIB – RMON MIB (RFC 1757) – Bridge MIB (RFC 1493) – IEEE 802.3 Ethernet (RFC 1643)

v The switch interoperates with the following SNMP Managers:

– Any standard MIB browser (SNMPv1) – IBM Nways – IBM Nways Manager for HP-UX (V2.0 or later) – IBM Nways Manager for AIX

Manager for Windows NT®(V2.0 or later)

(V2.0 or later)

Chapter 1. Introduction 5

Security

User access security can be implemented using the following functions of the 8275-416:

v User Accounts: The switch supports up to six accounts (one user with read/write

status and five with read-only status) for terminal interface and Web access. Access to the switch configuration panels is password protected. Only one user name with read/write status is allowed to be configured, which prevents potential conflicts in configuration changes. The default Read/Write user name is: and the default password consists of blanks (no password). If you lose the password, contact your IBM service representative.

v SNMP read/write protection based on community name.

Reliability and serviceability

The switch: v Provides a comprehensive power-on self-test (POST) that ensures that all of its

components are functioning correctly.

v Controls a seven-segment LED that allows you to follow the boot sequence. v Allows you to download software upgrades using any of the management

methods.

v Allows you to implement parallel paths for network traffic through the use of

spanning tree protocol (STP), which provides a level of fault tolerance and ensures that: – Redundant paths are disabled when the main paths are operational – Redundant paths are enabled if the main paths fail

v Allows you to configure a port to “see” traffic going into and out of another port

on the switch (port monitoring).

v Provides statistics for all ports.

admin

Performance

High performance, Layer 2 switching for the switch consists of:

v Switching for up to 32 ports v Supporting up to 12 000 end stations v Processing 64-byte packets at the following rates:

– 14 880 packets per second to 10-Mbps ports. – 148 800 packets per second to 100-Mbps ports

v Detecting broadcast storms and preventing them from impacting the network

(Broadcast Storm Recovery).

Year 2000 (Y2K) Compliance

The 8275-416 is Y2K compliant. When used in accordance with its associated documentation, it is capable of

correctly processing and/or receiving date data within and between the 20th and 21st centuries providing all other products (for example, hardware, software, and firmware) used with the switch properly exchange accurate date data.

For additional information about Year 2000 related topics, visit:

http://www.ibm.com/year2000

6 8275-416 User’s Guide

Hardware Cabling requirements

Ethernet cables are them through your IBM representative.

Table 1 shows cable type and length requirements. Cable requirements depend on the speed of the network. Cables and connecting hardware must meet the standards specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA 856-A or CSA T529 standards.

Table 1. Ethernet cable requirements

Ethernet Type Cable Requirements Max. Cable Length

10BASE-T Category 3, 4 or 5 100-ohm STP/UTP

100BASE-TX Category 5, 100-ohm STP or UTP

100BASE-FX 62.5-micron multimode fiber (MMF)

1000BASE-SX 50/125-micron or 62.5-micron

10/100BASE-TX

not

provided and must be separately purchased. You can order

100 m (328 ft)

cable

100 m (328 ft)

cable and connecting hardware

2 km (6561 ft) at full-duplex; 412

cabling

multimode fiber (MMF) cabling

m (1352 ft) at half-duplex 550 m (1804 ft) at full-duplex.

10BASE-T connections are MDX ports and operate correctly with standard Category 3, 4, or 5 100-ohm UTP or STP cable and connecting hardware, as specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA 856-A or CSA T529 standards when connected to MDI ports. When connecting to other MDX ports, such as ports of other 8275-416 switches, you must use crossover cables.

Do not use telephone extension cables in 10/100BASE-TX networks. The wire pairs in those cables are not twisted and the cables do not meet other requirements for use in a 10BASE-T network.

For connections to 10/100BASE-TX networks, you can use only Category 5 STP or UTP cables.

100BASE-FX

For connection to 100BASE-FX networks, you can use only 62.5/125 MMF cabling with MTRJ connectors.

1000BASE-SX

For connection to 1000BASE-SX networks, you can use 62.5/125 µm or 50/125 µm multi-mode fiber (MMF) cabling with SC fiber optic connectors.

Chapter 1. Introduction 7

Front panel

Figure 2. Front panel of the switch.

Switch LEDs

Switch LEDs are located at the lower left corner of the front panel (left of the single-digit display) and are identified with a vertical bar (I), OK, and Fault. The LED identified with the vertical bar and the OK LED are Green; the Fault LED is amber. The states of the LEDs are They are explained later in this chapter.

on,off

,or

blinking

Single-Digit Display

The single-digit display is located at the lower left corner of the front panel as shown in Figure 3 on page 10. During diagnostics, the character displayed indicates the diagnostic test being executed. Once the switch is operational, the character displayed is its unit ID (Table 3 on page 11).

Serial Port (EIA 232)

The serial port is a standard DB-9 male connector that provides an EIA 232 serial interface (sometimes referred to as the out-of-band management port). Use a null-modem serial cable when connecting to a workstation (“Appendix C. Cable Pinout Diagrams” on page 109). Use a VT100 terminal emulator program to configure your terminal’s attached COM port as follows:

v 19200 baud v 8 data bits v 1 stop bit v No parity v Hardware flow control OFF

See “Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 for more information about connectivity.

Ethernet 10/100BASE-TX Ports

The switch has 16 Ethernet 10/100BASE-TX ports. Each port has two LEDs located at the lower right and left of the connector. Status indications of the Port LEDs are explained later in this chapter.

8 8275-416 User’s Guide

Feature Module Slots 1 and 2

These feature modules are available to expand port connections for your switch:

v 8-Port 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet Feature Module, P/N 30L6661 v 8-Port 100BASE-FX Ethernet Feature Module, P/N 30L6662

v 4-Port 100BASE-FX Ethernet Feature Module, P/N 31L4054 v 2-Port 1000BASE-SX Ethernet Feature Module, P/N 30L6663

Chapter 1. Introduction 9

Switch LED status

Switch LEDs are shown in Figure 3 and LED status is explained in the table that follows:

Figure 3. LEDs for the switch. Table 2. LED status for the switch.

I (Green) OK (Green) Fault (Yellow)

Off Off Off No power is present, or there is a

On On Off The switch is operational. On Blinking Off Configuration file or Operational

On Off On There is a hardware fault. The

On Off Blinking Diagnostics are in process. The

LEDs Explanation

power supply failure. The switch is

not

operational.

Code file transfer is in process.

not

power-off or reset the switch.

switch is

not

operational.

not

yet operational.

10 8275-416 User’s Guide

Note: Any other state of the LEDs indicates an LED failure.

Single-digit display

The single-digit display (shown in Figure 3 on page 10) displays characters while diagnostics are running after power is applied to the switch. At the successful completion of diagnostics, the unit number appears in the display (for example, “1” indicates Unit Number 1). Table 3 gives the meaning of other digits that can be displayed and the corrective actions required.

Table 3. Problem indications on the single-digit display when the Fault LED is ON.

Character Problem Corrective Action

d Board RAM problem Replace the switch. 3 Detected an unsupported feature

4 PIF fault on the feature module or

5 or 6 Non-volatile memory problem. Replace the switch. 7 Switch memory problem. Replace the switch. 8 Base board loopback problem. Replace the switch. 9 or a Feature module loopback

module.

base board.

problem.

Remove the feature module and update the operational code, or the feature module is not fully seated in its connector.

If feature module Fault LED is On, remove the feature module. If no feature module Fault LED is On, replace the switch.

v 9 = Feature module in Slot 1 has the

fault; remove this feature module.

v a = Feature module in Slot 2 has the

fault; remove this feature module.

Chapter 1. Introduction 11

Base ports LEDs

The switch has 16 base 10/100BASE-TX ports. LED status for these 16 base ports are shown in Figure 4 and they are explained in Table 4.

Figure 4. LEDs for the base 10/100BASE-TX ports on the switch Table 4. Status of LEDs for 16 base 10/100BASE-TX ports

LED Color State Explanation

Right Ethernet Port LED

Left Ethernet Port LED

Green ON Indicates a 100-Mbps port.

OFF Indicates a 10-Mbps port.

Green ON The link is up.

OFF The link is down. Blinking Transmitting (Tx) and Receiving (Rx)

traffic.

12 8275-416 User’s Guide

Feature module LEDs

Each feature module has an OK and a Fault LED located at the left side of the faceplate. The OK LED is green and the Fault LED is yellow. LED locations are shown in Figure 5, Figure 6 on page 14, Figure 7 on page 15, and Figure 8 on page 16; LED status of the feature modules are explained in Table 5, Table 6 on page 14, Table 7 on page 15, and Table 8 on page 16.

Status LEDs for the 8-port 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet feature module

8-Port 10/100BASE-TX Feature Module

15263748

Fault

Feature Module LED

Port LEDs

Figure 5. LEDs for the 8-port 10/100BASE-TX feature module. Table 5. Status of LEDs for 8-port 10/100BASE-TX feature module

LED Color State Explanation

OK Green ON There is power to feature module.

OFF There is no power to feature module,

no power to the switch, or the module has failed.

Fault Yellow ON There is a module fault.

OFF There is no module fault.

Right Ethernet Port LED

Left Ethernet Port LED

Green ON Indicates a 100-Mbps port.

OFF Indicates a 10-Mbps port.

Green ON The link is up.

OFF The link is down. Blinking Transmitting (Tx) and Receiving (Rx)

traffic.

Chapter 1. Introduction 13

Status LEDs for the 8-port 100BASE-FX Ethernet feature module

8-Port 100BASE-FX Feature Module

15263748

Fault

Feature Module

Port LEDs

LED

Figure 6. LEDs for the 8-port 100BASE-FX feature module. Table 6. Status of LEDs for 8-port 100BASE-FX feature module

LED Color State Explanation

OK Green ON There is power to the feature module.

OFF There is no power to the feature

module, no power to the switch, or the module has failed.

Fault Yellow ON There is a module fault.

OFF There is no module fault.

Port LED Green ON Link is up.

OFF Link is down. Blinking Transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx)

traffic.

14 8275-416 User’s Guide

Status LEDs for the 4-port 100BASE-FX Ethernet feature module

4-Port 100BASE-FX Feature Module

Fault

234

Link /TxRx

Feature Module

Port LEDs

LED

Figure 7. LEDs for the 4-port 100BASE-FX feature module. Table 7. Status of LEDs for 4-port 100BASE-FX feature module

LED Color State Explanation

OK Green ON There is power to the feature module.

OFF There is no power to the feature module,

no power to the switch,or the module has failed.

Fault Yellow ON There is a module fault.

OFF There is no module fault.

Port LED Green ON Link is up.

OFF Link is down. Blinking Transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx)

traffic.

Chapter 1. Introduction 15

Status LEDs for the 2-port 1000BASE-SX Ethernet feature module

FRU 35L2357 1000SX

P/N 30L6663

Fault

1 Link Tx/Rx 2

Figure 8. LEDs for the 2-port 1000BASE-SX feature module. Table 8. Status of LEDs for 2-port 1000BASE-SX feature module

LED Color State Explanation

OK Green ON There is power to the feature module.

OFF There is no power to the feature module,

no power to the switch,or the module has failed.

Fault Yellow ON There is a module fault.

OFF There is no module fault.

Port LED Green ON Link is up.

OFF Link is down. Blinking Transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx)

traffic.

16 8275-416 User’s Guide

Physical characteristics

Table 9 summarizes the physical characteristics for the switch:

Table 9. Summary of physical characteristics for the switch

Characteristic Specification

Physical Dimensions

Weight (estimate) 6.0 kg (13 lb) Minimum Service Clearance

Height 63.0 mm (2.48 in.) 1.5 EIA rack units Width 440.0 mm (17.16 in.) Depth 355.6 mm (14 in.)

Front 15.3 mm (6 in.) for cooling, cables, and to view

LEDs

Sides 50 mm (2 in.) for cooling Rear 15.3 mm (6 in.) for cooling and power cord

Environment

Operating Temperature

10° - 40° C (50° - 104° F)

Operating Humidity

8% - 80%

Storage Temperature

1° - 60° C (33.8° - 140° F)

Storage Humidity

8% - 80%

Shipment Temperature

-40°C - 60°C (-40°F - 140°F)

Shipment Humidity

5% - 100%

Chapter 1. Introduction 17

18 8275-416 User’s Guide

Chapter 2. Accessing the switch

This chapter explains the types of connections that you can use to physically access the switch. Once the connection is established, you will configure the IP information (either through the terminal interface or through DHCP or BootP), and then choose which user interface you want to use to manage it. Therefore, all interfaces support configuring the switch and obtaining information from it, thus providing greater flexibility in how you manage your switch.

Types of Connectivity

There are two connection methods used to physically access the switch: v Out-of-band connectivity, which provides access to the switch through the EIA

232 port.

v In-band connectivity, which provides access to the switch from a remote station

using the Ethernet network

Table 10 outlines the user interfaces that are available depending on your method of connection.

Table 10. Connection methods and available user interfaces

Type of Connection Available User Interface

Out-of-band Terminal interface via the EIA 232 port

In-band

(terminal directly attached, or remotely attached to modem)

v Terminal interface via Telnet v SNMP-based management interface v Web-based management interface

Out-of-band connection

Out-of-band connection lets you access your switch through the serial EIA 232 port. It can be either through a locally attached PC running VT100 terminal emulation software, or through a remotely attached PC running VT100 terminal emulation software connected to a modem.

Locally attached terminal

To establish out-of-band connectivity using a locally attached terminal, make the physical connections and set up using the following procedure:

1. Attach one end of a null-modem cable to the EIA 232 port of the switch as shown in Figure 9 on page 20, and the other end to the COM port of your PC (see “Appendix C. Cable Pinout Diagrams” on page 109).

Figure 9. Out-of-band connectivity - locally attached terminal

2. Configure the VT100 terminal emulation application as follows:

v Baud rate: 19200 v Parity: None v Data bits: 8 v Stop bits: 1 v Flow control: None

3. Log in to the terminal interface. The terminal interface requires you to log in with a user name and password. The user name can have either Read/Write or Read Only status. The default Read/Write user name is password consists of blanks (no password). The default Read Only user name

guest

4. See “Appendix D. Interface Conventions for the Console” on page 113 for a description of terminal interface key definitions. You may need to configure your terminal emulation application to enable the use of these keys.

and the password consists of blanks (no password).

admin

and the

Remotely attached terminal

To establish out-of-band connectivity using a remotely attached terminal, make the physical connections using the following procedure:

1. Unpack the modem and install it according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

2. Attach one end of the serial cable (not provided) to the EIA 232 port of the switch and the other end to your modem as shown in Figure 10.

20 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 10. Out-of-band connectivity - remotely attached terminal

3. Set up the modem that is attached to the switch by following these steps: a. Configure the modem to use the same settings as those on your switch.

v Baud rate: 19200

v Parity: None v Data bits: 8 v Stop bits: 1 v Flow control: None

b. Configuration command syntax varies from modem to modem. Make sure

that the modem has the following characteristics:

v Asynchronous mode v Disable modem response v Disable flow control (for example, AT \Q) v Disable echo (for example, AT Q1) v Autoanswer mode on second ring (for example, AT SO=2) v Dumb mode - (No response in/out AT commands). This enables it to act

as a “pass thru” device (setting the modem to dumb mode []) c. Set up the remote modem and terminal. d. After configuring the modem, save the configuration. e. Establish a modem link as described in the modem user documentation. f. Login to the terminal interface. The terminal interface requires you to login

with a user name with read/write or read-only status and a password. The default read/write user name is (no password). The default read-only user name is consists of blanks (no password).

g. See “Appendix D. Interface Conventions for the Console” on page 113 for a

description of terminal interface key definitions. You may need to configure your terminal emulation application to enable use of these keys.

4. To use in-band connectivity, you must configure the switch with IP information (IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway), and the port being used to access the switch must be on the Default VLAN (VLAN 1). You can configure IP information initially by using either of these methods:

v DHCP or BootP v Terminal interface via the EIA 232 port.

admin

and the password consists of blanks

guest

and the password

To configure the IP information, see “Chapter 3. Configuring your switch” on page 25 for details.

In-band connection – Telnet, Web, SNMP

Note: To use in-band connectivity, you must configure the switch with its IP

information (IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway), and have a path available through the Default VLAN (VLAN 1). See “Chapter 3. Configuring your switch” on page 25 for configuring BootP or DHCP and IP

information for your switch. In-band connectivity allows access to the switch using the data network (as shown in Figure 11 on page 22).

Chapter 2. Accessing the switch 21

Figure 11. In-band connection

Terminal Interface – Telnet

Telnet console management can be performed through an Ethernet port (in-band connection). You must configure an IP address before using Telnet console management (Refer to “Chapter 3. Configuring your switch” on page 25 for initially configuring IP information for your switch.

You can use any Telnet application that emulates a VT100 terminal to establish a Telnet console management session. Up to five concurrent Telnet sessions are supported. For security, the Telnet session can be automatically logged off after a certain time of inactivity. You can configure the time of inactivity from 0 to 160 minutes; the default is 5 minutes.

The terminal interface is menu-driven and can be used to manage the switch through the EIA 232 port or a Telnet session. For security, a login user ID and password are required. Multiple user IDs and associated passwords can be created. Two levels of access privileges are supported: read/write and read only.

See “Appendix D. Interface Conventions for the Console” on page 113 for a description of the terminal keys. You may need to configure your terminal application to enable use of these keys.

See “Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface” on page 31 for a description of the terminal interface panels.

22 8275-416 User’s Guide

SNMP-Based Management Interface

The switch has an SNMP agent that supports SNMP Version 1 which allows it to be managed by any SNMP-based application (for example, Nways Campus Manager which supports the MIBs that the switch supports). See “Chapter 6. Using the SNMP Interface” on page 85 for details about the MIBs supported by the switch.

Web-Based Management Interface

The switch has a Web server that supports HTTP 1.1 or later, and HTML 4.0 or later. Your Web browser must support HTTP 1.1 or later, HTML 4.0 or later, and JavaScript© 1.2.

You can use the Web interface to access and change switch parameters. Menus similar to those available through the terminal interface are also displayed by the Web browser. To access the switch from a Web browser, you must have configured

the IP information for the switch. You will need a valid login user ID and password. The accepted user IDs and passwords are the same as those configured for the terminal interface.

The is no specific logout command to end a Web session. The Web session will be automatically logged off after a period of inactivity. The inactivity timeout value that is configured for the Telnet session is used by the Web interface.

See “Chapter 5. Using the Web Interface” on page 81 for starting and using the Web interface.

Chapter 2. Accessing the switch 23

24 8275-416 User’s Guide

Chapter 3. Configuring your switch

After hardware installation, you must configure the IP information for your switch in order to manage the switch using in-band connection.

First, you need to decide how you will access your switch. See “Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 for details about in-band and out-of-band connection. It is assumed that when you come to this chapter you will already have established physical connectivity.

Configuring IP information

IP information can be initially assigned through either:

v DHCP or BootP (the default), or v Terminal interface through the EIA 232 serial port

Remote configuration using DHCP or BootP

You can configure your switch from remote locations using DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) or BootP. BootP (documented in RFC 951 and RFC 1542) is a bootstrap protocol used by a diskless workstation to learn its IP address, the location of its boot file, and the boot server name. The switch supports “reserved” or static DHCP, documented in RFC 1541. The DHCP or BootP server must be available through the Default VLAN (VLAN 1).

To configure the IP information remotely using DHCP or BootP:

1. Select Management Menu from the Main Menu on the terminal interface.

2. Select Network Connectivity Configuration Menu from the Management

Menu, then specify Current parameter. If you are not using BootP or DHCP, set the

Configuration Protocol Current

network traffic. You must reset the switch to activate the change.

BootP / Static DHCP

parameter with a value of

for the Network Configuration Protocol

Manual configuration using the terminal interface

To manually configure the IP information:

1. Log onto the terminal interface using the read/write user ID and password.

2. Select the Management Menu from the Main Menu.

3. Select Network Connectivity Configuration Menu from the Management

Menu, then specify IP address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway. Also,

None

ensure that

is specified for Network Configuration Protocol Current.

None

Network

to reduce

Figure 12. Configuring BootP/static DHCP and network connection (IP information).

IP Address

Unique IP address of your switch. Each IP parameter is made up of four decimal numbers. The numbers range from 0 to 255. The default for all IP parameters consists of “0”s (that is, 0.0.0.0).

Subnet Mask

The subnet mask for the LAN.

Default Gateway

Identifies the address of the default router if the switch is a node outside the IP range of the LAN.

Burned-in MAC Address

The default MAC address.

Locally Administered MAC Address

This is an additional parameter that you can configure. The following rules apply:

v Bit 6 of byte 0 (called the U/L bit) indicates whether the address is

universally administered (B‘0’) or locally administered (B‘1’).

v Bit 7 of byte 0 (called the I/G bit) indicates whether the destination

address is an individual address (B‘0’) or a group address (B‘1’).

v A locally administered address must have bit 6 On (B‘1’) and bit 7 Off

(B‘0’).

MAC Address Type

Specifies if the burned-in MAC address or the locally-administered MAC address should be used. The burned-in MAC address is the default MAC address type.

Network Configuration Protocol Current

Specifies the network configuration protocol currently being used. Possible values are:

v BootP / Static DHCP: the switch periodically sends requests to a BootP

or DHCP server until a response is received.

v None: the switch will be manually configured with IP information as

specified on the Network Connectivity Configuration Menu.

Network Configuration Protocol on Next Reset

When you select BootP/Static DHCP (the default), the switch periodically

26 8275-416 User’s Guide

sends requests to a BootP or DHCP server until a response is received. You must specify None, if you want to manually configure the switch with the appropriate IP information. When this value is modified, you need to issue a Save and then reset the switch in order for the new value to take effect.

Web mode

Used to enable or disable access to the switch through the Web interface. When enabled, you can login to the switch from the Web interface. When disable is selected, you cannot login to the switch’s Web server. Specifying Disable provides for more secure access to the switch. The default is Enable.

Note: Disabling the Web interface will not disable Web sessions that are in

Configuration Changes

This section describes how to make configuration changes, apply them, and retain the changes across a power cycle of the switch. It also provides you with specific information about making configuration changes using the terminal interface, Web interface, and SNMP interface.

You make configuration changes by entering data for one or more items. Configuration changes made by one user are also seen by other users who request the same data. Be aware that information displayed may be old data if you do not request the latest information before making any changes.

progress; no new Web sessions will be started.

After you have make a configuration change and it is accepted: v Selecting APPLY causes the change on the current panel to be applied but not

retained across a reset or power cycle.

v Selecting SAVE causes the change on the current panel to be applied and all

applied changes are retained across a reset or power cycle.

Making configuration changes using the terminal interface

This section provides information about making configuration changes, applying the changes, and retaining the changes across a power cycle when using the terminal interface.

Applying the configuration changes

On the terminal interface menus, field entries that can modified are enclosed in either square brackets ([ ]) or angle brackets (< >).

Square brackets identify an item that you can change by typing in text. As soon as you begin typing, the current value of the field is erased and is replaced by the new text. You cannot perform insert or overwrite in the field. You can use the following special keys while you are editing text fields:

v Arrow keys: These are ignored when you are editing a text field. On a field

where you have made no modifications, use arrow keys to move the cursor to the appropriate field indicated by the direction of the arrow key.

v Backspace: Removes a character in front of the cursor. v Delete: Gives the same result as the Back Space. v Enter: The text is accepted and the cursor moves to the next field. On a text field

where you have made no modifications, Enter moves the cursor to the next field.

v Esc: Stops editing the field and restores the original data.

Chapter 3. Configuring your switch 27

v Space Bar: Is an allowable key to enter text. v Tab: Performs the same function as the Enter key. v F4: Save. Causes the configuration data to be saved and also applied if not

already done.

Angle brackets identify an item that can be changed by selecting the desired option. The following special keys are used while selecting a configuration option:

v Arrow keys: The text is accepted and the cursor moves to the appropriate field

indicated by the direction of the arrow key pressed. On a field where you have made no modifications, arrow keys move the cursor to the appropriate field.

v Enter: The text is accepted and the cursor moves to the next field. On a field

where you have made no modifications, Enter moves the cursor to the next field.

v Esc: Stops modifying the field and restores the original data. v Space Bar: Displays the next possible value for this field. Use it to cycle through

the available options to select the desired value.

v Tab: Performs the same function as the Enter key. v F4: Save. Causes the configuration data to be saved and also applied if not

already done.

When processing data entered in a text field, all leading and trailing white-space characters are ignored (such as, space, Tab, Esc).

Once a configuration change is made and is accepted (the cursor is no longer on the field that was modified), the change is not put into effect until you select APPLY.

Saving the configuration changes

Note: To help remind you that a configuration change needs to be applied, APPLY

always appears on the Command Bar.

When you select APPLY, the following actions occur:

1. All configuration changes that you made are checked for correct syntax.

2. If you entered invalid configuration data (for example, data value that is out of the supported range), an error message is displayed identifying the field that contained the error. Errors are reported one field at a time. All data must be valid before it can be applied.

3. When the data has been checked and you have corrected any errors, UNSAVED DATA is displayed in the upper right corner of the panel.

If you make configuration changes and then exit a panel without applying the changes, your changes may be lost. For example, the following results in losing any changes made on the panel:

v You make configuration changes on the current panel and you select any of the

following commands: – MAIN MENU – PREV MENU

Note: Configuration changes are not automatically retained across a reset or a

power cycle. To retain changes, you must select the Save command as described in the following section.

28 8275-416 User’s Guide

Saving the configuration changes across a reset or power cycle

To save configuration changes across a reset or power cycle, perform one of the following actions:

v Select F4 (Save). v Select Save Applied Changes on the System Utilities Menu.

If you select SAVE without previously having selected APPLY for recently made configuration changes, the changes are automatically applied.

If you request a switch reset without saving your configuration changes, you are prompted to save them. Reply yes to save the changes or no if you do not want to save them.

You are next prompted if you want to reset the switch. If you reply yes, the switch is reset regardless of whether you saved the changes or not.

Making configuration changes using the Web interface

This section provides information on making configuration changes, getting the changes put into effect, and retaining the changes across a power cycle when using the Web Interface.

On the Web pages, field entries that can be modified are displayed in a box with a white background. Depending on the field being modified, you can modify the text by either:

v Typing in the appropriate text over existing text (overwriting). If the data typed in

is incorrect, the data entered is rejected and the original data is displayed.

v Selecting an option from one of the items displayed when the pull-down menu is

selected. All items in a pull-down menu are correct.

Until you select APPLY or SAVE, you can restore any modified values to their original values by selecting the Undo.

Applying Configuration Changes

After you have modified the fields, select the APPLY or SAVE to process the changes. Selecting APPLY makes the changes take effect but the changes are not automatically retained across a reset or power cycle. Selecting SAVE makes the changes take effect and also results in the changes being retained across a reset or power cycle.

Before the Web Browser sends the request to the switch, the data for the fields changed are verified. If any field is invalid, an error message is displayed identifying the field that contains the error. Invalid data errors are reported one field at a time. All configuration changes must be valid before any of the changes are sent.

If you make configuration changes and then change the page without applying or saving the changes, the changes are not processed.

Saving configuration changes across a reset or power cycle

To save configuration changes to be retained across a reset or power cycle, select SAVE. Configuration changes can be permanently saved by either of these actions:

v Selecting SAVE. v Going to the System Utilities Menu and selecting Save All Applied Changes.

Chapter 3. Configuring your switch 29

Making configuration changes using SNMP

This section provides information on making configuration changes, getting the changes put into effect, and retaining the changes across a power cycle when using the SNMP interface.

You make configuration changes using SNMP by issuing SNMP Set commands to MIB objects that the switch supports as read/write.

Applying configuration changes

When the SNMP Set is received, the switch checks the data to ensure that it is valid. If it is invalid, the SNMP error code BADVALUE is returned in the SNMP Set Response. Otherwise, the configuration change is applied.

Saving configuration changes across a reset or power cycle

Configuration changes made using SNMP Set commands are not automatically retained across a reset or power cycle. To get these changes retained across a reset or power cycle, issue an SNMP Set to the swDevCtrlSaveConfiguration object supported by the switch private MIB.

Managing the configuration file

Your switch’s configuration is written to a configuration file. Having this file available at a remote location would allow you to restore a corrupted switch configuration. System utilities allow you to upload files from the switch and download files to the switch.

From the System Utilities panel, you can select to Upload File From Switch or Download File to Switch to process a configuration file; just specify the file type on either panel. The switch must have a path available through Default VLAN (VLAN 1).

Config File

30 8275-416 User’s Guide

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface

This chapter describes the switch terminal interface. The terminal interface panels are automatically refreshed every few seconds to provide you with current information.

Note: The panels shown in this chapter are intended to be representative and

should not be assumed to be entirely accurate because they are subject to change before final shipment of the product.

The Login panel is the first panel displayed when initializing the terminal interface. Figure 13 shows the Login panel; you need an approved user name and password to login.

Figure 13. Login panel for terminal interface

User Name

Can be up to 8 alphanumeric characters in length. The value is not case sensitive. The default is admin for a read/write user, and guest is the default for a read only user.

Password

Can be up to 8 alphanumeric characters in length. The value is not case sensitive. The default is no password.

The terminal interface provides a way to log out. From the Main Menu, select LOGOUT or select System Utilities Menu, then select Logout. When you have finished using the terminal interface, ensure you have saved all configuration changes before logging out.

The Main Menu

Following a successful login, the Main Menu appears (Figure 14). Information following in this section is arranged in the order of topics on the Main Menu.

Figure 14. Main menu for terminal interface

System Information Menu

Management Menu

Device Configuration

Statistics Menu

User Account Management

System Utilities

System information

The switch manages information about its installed hardware and software. System information contains read-only and read/write fields. The read-only fields are written when the switch is manufactured. Through configuration you can change only the read/write fields: these fields must be saved to be effective. A reset is not necessary for the changes to be effective.

Allows access to information that is maintained about the switch. Contains selections associated with managing the switch. Contains selections associated with configuring the switch. Contains selections for access to statistical data that is gathered for the

switch. Allows you to define users and passwords and their level of access. Allows selection of the utilities available with the switch.

System Name,System Location

and

System Contact

. Changes to

32 8275-416 User’s Guide

To access system information, select System Information Menu on the Main Menu. By selecting Inventory Information Menu and System Description Menu, you can view information about your switch. Figure 15 on page 33 shows your system information options.

Figure 15. System information menu

Inventory information

Figure 16 shows the Read-Only inventory information available for your switch.

Figure 16. Inventory information menu

System description

Figure 17 on page 34 shows the system information for your switch.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 33

Figure 17. System description menu

System Name

The name assigned to the switch. Specify up to 31 alphanumeric characters. The default is blank.

System Location

Indicates the physical location of the switch. Specify up to 31 alphanumeric characters. The default is blank.

System Contact

Identifies the person responsible for your network (for example, you network administrator) Specify up to 31 alphanumeric characters. The default is blank.

34 8275-416 User’s Guide

Management

Select Management Menu on the Main Menu (Figure 18) to use the management functions of the switch.

Figure 18. Management menu

Configuring network connection for the switch

To configure the IP information, select Management Menu from the Main Menu, then select Network Connectivity Configuration Menu from the Management Menu. The Network Connectivity Configuration Menu appears as shown in Figure 19.

Figure 19. Network connection configuration

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 35

You must configure the following IP information to establish in-band connectivity to the switch:

IP Address

Unique IP address for your switch. Each IP parameter is made up of four decimal numbers. The numbers range from 0 to 255. The default for all IP parameters consists of zeros (that is, 0.0.0.0).

Subnet Mask

The subnet mask for the LAN.

Default Gateway

Identifies the address of the default router if the switch is a node outside the IP range of the LAN.

Burned-in MAC Address

The burned-in MAC address is the default MAC address used.

Locally Administered MAC Address

This is an additional parameter that you can configure. The following rules apply:

v Bit 6 of byte 0 (called the U/L bit) indicates whether the address is

universally administered (B‘0’) or locally administered (B‘1’).

v Bit 7 of byte 0 (called the I/G bit) indicates whether the destination

address is an individual address (B‘0’) or a group address (B‘1’).

v A locally administered address must have bit 6 On (B‘1’) and bit 7 Off

(B‘0’).

MAC Address Type

Specifies if the burned-in MAC address or the locally-administered MAC address should be used. The burned-in MAC address is the default MAC address type.

Network Configuration Protocol Current

Specifies the network configuration protocol currently being used. Possible values are:

v BootP / Static DHCP: the switch periodically sends requests to a BootP

or DHCP server until a response is received.

v None: the switch will be manually configured with IP information as

specified on the Network Connectivity Configuration Menu.

Network Configuration Protocol on next Reset

When you select BootP/Static DHCP (the default), the switch periodically sends requests to a BootP or DHCP server until a response is received. You must specify None, if you want to manually configure the switch with the appropriate IP information. When this value is modified, you need to issue a Save and then reset the switch in order for the new value to take effect.

Web mode

Note: Disabling the Web interface will not disable Web sessions that are in

Configuring serial port

The switch allows you to access the switch through the serial EIA 232 port. This type of connectivity is called out-of-band connection. See “Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 for descriptions of ways to access the switch.

36 8275-416 User’s Guide

progress; no new Web sessions will be started.

On the Main Menu, select Management Menu. From the Management Menu, select Serial Port Configuration Menu. Figure 20 shows the parameters to configure the serial EIA 232 port.

Figure 20. Serial port configuration

You specify Login Timeout and Baud Rate:

Serial Port Login Timeout

Specifies the maximum connect time without console activity. The value is in a range from 0 to 160 minutes. A value of 0 indicates that a console can be connected indefinitely. The default value is 5 minutes.

Baud Rate

Specifies the communication rate of the terminal interface. Values can be 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200. The default value is 19200.

Configuring for DHCP or BootP

If you do not want to manually configure the switch with IP information, the switch can obtain the IP information from a BootP or DHCP server. The switch must be accessible through a port which is a member of the Default VLAN ID 1. When BootP or DHCP is enabled, the switch periodically sends out requests until a response is received from either a DHCP or BootP server. The IP information in the BootP or DHCP response overlays any existing IP information in switch. The new IP information is not retained across a reset until you select Save.

Note: If you configure a switch with an IP address, then DHCP frames will

effectively be ignored (that is, the configured IP address will have priority over the address received via DHCP). However, BootP frames will have priority over a configured IP address. A difference between BootP and DHCP frames is that DHCP frames have 0xFFFFFFFFFFFF as the destination MAC address, while BootP frames have the switch’s individual MAC address as the destination address.

Configuring the DHCP

To configure the DHCP server for static DHCP, you must specify an IP address that will be assigned to the switch. This IP address is mapped to the switch’s MAC

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 37

address. The static DHCP does not obtain an IP address from a pool of addresses on a DHCP server unless one is explicitly set up for a given MAC address. For example, In Windows NT

, you must set up a reservation for the switch’s MAC address. Assign an IP address from the pool of current addresses. Configure the router, IP address, and subnet mask for the switch’s MAC address. The switch supports no other DHCP options.

Configuring the BootP

For BootP, the BootP server must have the appropriate information configured for the switch. A newly installed switch broadcast a BootP request over IP when it is powered on or reset. The BootP server, using information from its BOOTPTAB file, provides the switch with configuration information.

The following is an example of a BOOTPTAB file entry containing configuration information for the switch:

8275_416_Switch_1:ht=ethernet:ha=0004ac6b0980:\

ip=10.1.7.7:gw=10.1.1.1:\ sm=255.255.255.0

8275_416_Switch_2:ht=ethernet:ha=0004ac6b09C0:\

ip=10.1.7.8:gw=10.1.1.1:\ sm=255.255.255.0

Where:

ht hardware type ha host hardware address ip host IP address gw gateway address list sm subnet mask

Configuration information obtained from the BootP server is not saved unless you select SAVE. Next, configure the Network Configuration Protocol.

Configuring the switch for DHCP or BootP

If you are using DHCP or BootP, you must configure the appropriate information for the switch. To do so, configure the Network Configuration Protocol as follows:

1. On the Main Menu, select Management Menu.

2. On the Management Menu, select Network Connectivity Configuration Menu,

then complete the network connection information shown in Figure 19 on page 35.

Configuring the SNMP community

The switch has an SNMP agent that complies with SNMP Version 1 (SNMPv1). For more about the SNMP specification, see the appropriate SNMP RFCs. The SNMP agent sends traps through TCP/IP to an external SNMP manager based on your SNMP configuration. SNMP configuration for the switch includes configuring the trap receiver and SNMP community parameters, which are described in the following text.

38 8275-416 User’s Guide

If you do not use the default community information, you must configure the SNMP agent with a community name for the switch. A community name is a name associated with the switch and with a set of SNMP managers allowed to manage it with a specified privileged level. You can add, change or delete communities. The switch does not have to be reset for changes to take effect. Up to six communities are simultaneously supported.

Community names in the SNMP community table must be unique. If you make multiple entries using the same community name, the first entry is kept and processed and all duplicate entries are ignored.

To configure your SNMP communities, select SNMP Community Configuration Menu from the Management Menu. Figure 21 shows SNMP community information you need to specify.

Figure 21. SNMP community configuration

SNMP Community Name

This name identifies each SNMP community; the name can be up to 16 characters, and it is case-sensitive. A read only access. A

private

community is for users who have read/write access. Two communities have default values. The default names are Public and Private. You can replace these default community names with unique identifiers for each community. The default values for the remaining four community names are blank.

Client IP Address

This attribute is an IP address (or portion thereof) from which this device will accept SNMP packets with the associated community. The requesting entity’s IP address is logical-ANDed with the Client IP Mask and the result must match the Client IP Address. The default value is 0.0.0.0.

Note: If the Client IP Mask is set to 0.0.0.0, a Client IP Address of 0.0.0.0

matches all IP addresses.

Client IP Mask

This attribute is a mask to be logical-ANDed with the requesting entity’s IP address before comparison with the Client IP Address. If the result matches with Client IP Address then the address is an authenticated IP address. For example, if the Client IP Address is 9.47.128.0 and the corresponding Client IP Mask is 255.255.255.0, a range of incoming IP addresses would match, that is, the incoming IP addresses could be a value in the following range:

9.47.128.0 to 9.47.128.255.

public

community means users have

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 39

To have a specific IP address be the only authenticated IP address, set the Client IP Address to the required IP address and set the Client IP Mask to

255.255.255.255. The default for the Client IP Mask is 0.0.0.0.

Access Mode

This value can be read-only or read/write. A community with a read-only access allows for switch information to be displayed. A community with a read/write access allows for configuration changes to be made and for information to be displayed.

A community name with read-only access is restricted from viewing SNMP community and SNMP trap receiver information.

Status

This attribute has the following values: Enable, Disable and Delete on the terminal and Web interface and Active, Inactive, and Delete on SNMP.

A community status of Enable/Active means that the community is active, allowing SNMP managers associated with this community to manage the switch according to its access right.

A community status of Disable/Inactive means that the community is not active; no SNMP requests using this community will be accepted. In this case the SNMP manager associated with this community cannot manage the switch until the Status is changed back to Enable/Active.

A community status of Delete means that this name will be removed from the table. The default Status values for the default private and public community names are both Enable/Active. The default value is Delete/Inactive for the 4 undefined community names.

Configuring the trap receiver

Trap messages are sent across a network to an SNMP Network Manager. These messages alert the manager to events occurring within the switch or on the network. Up to six simultaneous trap receivers are supported.

IP Addresses in the SNMP trap receiver table must be unique. If you make multiple entries using the same IP address, the first entry is kept and processed and all duplicate entries are ignored.

To configure trap receivers, select SNMP Trap Receiver Configuration Menu on the Management Menu. Figure 22 on page 41 shows the parameters you need to specify.

40 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 22. SNMP trap receiver configuration

Trap receiver parameters are:

SNMP Community Name

IP Address

Status

Configuring traps

Configuring trap conditions

You can optionally configure which traps that the switch should generate. You do this by selecting a status for the trap condition, that is, if it is either enabled or disabled. If a trap condition is enabled and the condition is detected, the switch’s SNMP agent sends the trap to all enabled trap receivers. Otherwise, no condition is detected and no trap is sent. The default Status value for all Trap Conditions is Enabled. The switch does not have to be reset to implement the changes. Cold start traps are always generated; there are no associated trap conditions.

This is the SNMP community name of the remote network manager; the name can be up to 16 characters, and is case-sensitive. The default value for the 6 undefined community names is Delete.

Each IP address parameter is four decimal numbers. The numbers range from 0 to 255. The default IP address is 0.0.0.0.

The status for trap receivers can be Enabled, Disabled, or Deleted. Trap receivers with Enabled status are active and the SNMP agent sends traps to them. Trap receivers with Disabled status are inactive and the SNMP agent does not send traps to them. Trap receivers with a Deleted status are removed from the table.

To configure trap conditions, select Trap Menu from the Management Menu. From the Trap Menu, select Trap Flag Configuration Menu, then enable or disable trap flags.

Figure 23 on page 42 shows the trap flags that you can set.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 41

Figure 23. Trap flags configuration

These are the trap conditions that can be enabled/disabled:

Authentication Flag

Enable/Disable authentication Flag.

Link Up/Down Flag

Enable/Disable Link Up/Link Down traps for the entire switch. When set to Enable, the Link Up/Down traps will be sent only if the Link Trap flag setting associated with the port (Port Configuration Menu) is set to Enable.

Multiple Users Flag

Enable/Disable Multiple User traps. When the value is set to Enable, a Multiple User Trap is sent whenever someone logs in to the terminal interface (EIA 232 or Telnet) and there is already an existing terminal interface session.

Spanning Tree Flag

This flag enables the sending of new root traps and topology change notification traps. See “Appendix E. Introduction to Virtual LANs (VLANs)”

on page 117 for more information.

Broadcast Storm Flag

This flag enables or disables the broadcast storm trap. You must also enable Broadcast Storm Recovery Mode (see the Switch Configuration Menu). The default is Disable. When this value is set to Enable and Broadcast Storm Recovery mode is set to Enable, the Broadcast Storm Start/End traps are sent when the switch enters and leaves Broadcast Storm Recovery.

42 8275-416 User’s Guide

Trap log

The switch maintains a Trap Log; it contains a maximum of 256 entries that wrap. Trap Log information is not retained across a switch reset.

Select Trap Menu from the Management Menu, then select Trap Log Menu from the Trap Menu. Figure 24 on page 43 shows the entries in the trap log.

Figure 24. Trap log

Each entry contains:

System Up Time

This entry shows how long the system has been up when the trap occurred.

Trap This entry is the name of the trap condition, which can be:

v Cold Start v Authentication Failure v Link Up v Link Down v Multiple Users v New Spanning Tree Root v Spanning Tree Topology Change v Broadcast storm start/end

Checking trap log status

To check how many traps have been generated, select Trap Menu from the Management Menu, then select Trap Log Status Menu from the Trap Menu.

You can choose to clear the trap log on this panel (Figure 25 on page 44).

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 43

Figure 25. Trap log status

You can perform this operation on this panel:

Clear Trap Log

Configuring Telnet

You can manage the switch remotely using a Telnet connection. “Chapter 2. Accessing the switch” on page 19 describes setting up a Telnet connection. To configure for Telnet, select Management Menu from the Main Menu, then from the Management Menu, select Telnet Configuration Menu (Figure 26).

Specify Yes or No.

causes the trap log to continue logging trap information after the last

entry.

Yes

causes the contents of the Trap Log to be erased.

44 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 26. Telnet configuration

Ping

The following parameters are for configuring a Telnet session with the switch:

Telnet Login Timeout

A session is active as long as the session has not remained idle for the value set. Specify a decimal value from 0 to 160 minutes. A value of 0 indicates that a Telnet session remains active indefinitely. The default is 5 minutes.

Note: Changing the timeout value for active sessions does not become

effective until the session is reaccessed. Any keystroke will also activate the new timeout duration.

Maximum Number of Telnet Sessions

Specify a decimal value from 0 to 5. If the value is 0, no Telnet session can be established. The default value is 5.

Allow New Telnet Sessions

Yes

Specify Yes or No. until there are no more sessions available. sessions are to be established. Any already established session remains active until the session is ended or an abnormal network error ends it. The default value is Yes.

The switch provides a ping utility that you can use to check connectivity between devices in a network. To use ping, the switch must be configured correctly for network (in-band) connection. The source and target devices must have the ping utility enabled and running on top of TCP/IP. The switch can be pinged from any IP workstation with which the switch is connected through the Default VLAN (VLAN 1) (as long as there is a physical path between the switch and the workstation). The terminal interface allows you to send one ping, three pings or a continuous ping (one every second) to the target station.

means that new Telnet sessions can be established

means that no new Telnet

To use Ping, select Management Menu from the Main Menu. Then select Ping Menu from the Management Menu (Figure 27).

Figure 27. Ping

You must supply this information:

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 45

ARP cache

IP Address

The IP address of the target station. The value is 4 decimal bytes ranging from 0 to 256. The default is 0.0.0.0.

Ping Count

You can select one of these values; the default value is single:

v Single–one ping is sent to target station. v Multiple–three pings are sent to the target station. v Continuous–a ping is sent every second.

Command

Send is the only command. To stop sending pings, press any key that moves the cursor from the current field.

Select Management Menu from the Main Menu. Then select ARP Cache Menu from the Management Menu to displays the ARP cache for the switch.

This is used to check connectivity between the switch and other devices. The ARP cache identifies the MAC addresses of the IP stations communicating with the switch. Figure 28 shows ARP Cache information.

46 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 28. ARP cache

Device configuration

To configure the switch, select Device Configuration Menu on the Main Menu. Figure 29 shows your options.

Figure 29. Device configuration

Configuring the switch

The switch allows you to set a time after which the address will timeout, and to enable/disable broadcast storm recovery and 802.3x flow control. To set these values, select Device Configuration Menu from the Main Menu and then select Switch Configuration Menu (Figure 30).

Figure 30. Switch configuration

The value you specify is:

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 47

Address Aging Timeout

Indicates the timeout period (in seconds) for aging out dynamically learned forwarding information. The range is 10 to 600 (seconds). The default is 300 (seconds).

Broadcast Storm Recovery Mode

When you specify Enable for Broadcast Storm Recovery and the broadcast traffic on any Ethernet port exceeds 20 percent of the link speed, the switch blocks (discards) the broadcast traffic until the broadcast traffic returns to 10 percent or less.

When you specify Disable for Broadcast Recovery Mode, then the switch will not block any broadcast traffic on any Ethernet port. The default is Disable.

802.3x Flow Control Mode

Indicates if 802.3x flow control is enabled for the switch. The default is Disable. This value applies to only full-duplex mode ports.

Self Learning IP Mode

Indicates that the self-learning IP mode is enabled or disabled. Disable is the default.

Note: For the Self Learning IP function to work, the IP information must

include a default gateway for the network. When you specify Enable, self-learning IP entries can be viewed on the second panel (Page 2 of 2) of the Switch Detailed Statistics Menu (see “Switch detailed statistics” on page 64).

Configuring ports

The switch is shipped from the factory with default port settings that allow it to automatically determine the port type and speed.

See “Chapter 3. Configuring your switch” on page 25 for details about making and saving configuration changes.

To configure the ports, select Device Configuration Menu from the Main Menu, then select Port Configuration Menu from the Device Configuration Menu (Figure 31 on page 49).

48 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 31. Port configuration

You can select or change the following values: Slot This is a read/write field. The 16 base ports are associated with slot 0. A

feature module in Slot 1 or Slot 2 can have 2, 4, or 8 ports associated with each of them, depending on the feature module that is installed.

All

Port You can use the

option to change the value for all ports in this slot. You

can specify Enable or Disable for the Admin Mode and Link Trap fields. Note that when All is specified and you specify Disable in the Admin Mode

field, you lose in-band connection to the switch. Indicates the port number. The feature slots are Slot 1 and Slot 2. Available feature modules have 2,

4, and 8 ports.

Type This is a read only field. It indicates whether a port currently belongs to a

trunk or is enabled for monitoring. Type values are:

v Trnk: indicates that this port belongs to a trunk. v Mntr: indicates that this port is enabled for port monitoring.

STP Mode

This is a configurable parameter. It specifies the spanning tree protocol mode for the port. STP mode values are:

v 802.1D (the default) v Fast, indicates you want to use the fast spanning tree mode v Off, indicates the STP mode is turned off for a particular port

STP St. (STP state)

This is a read-only field. It contains a single letter to indicate the current spanning tree protocol state, which can be:

v D: disabled v B: blocking v l: listening v L: learning v F: forwarding v X: indicates port is diagnostically disabled

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 49

Admin Mode

This is a configurable value and indicates if the port is enabled or disabled. The default for all ports is Enabled.

Physical Mode

This is a configurable value and indicates the speed and duplex setting for the port. The value of Auto (autodetect) is valid only for 10/100BASE-TX ports.

v Auto: automatically negotiates the speed and duplex setting v 100 Half: 100BASE-T half-duplex v 100 Full: 100BASE-T full duplex v 10 Half: 10BASE-T half duplex v 10 Full: 100BASE-T full duplex v 100FX Half: 100BASE-FX half duplex v 100FX Full: 100BASE-FX full duplex v 1000SX Full: 1000BASE-SX full duplex

Physical Status

Indicates the port speed and duplex. This is a read-only field.

Link Status

Indicates if the port link is up or down. This is a read-only field.

Link Trap

This is a configurable value and can be Enabled or Disabled. It allows you to enable or disable link status traps by port. This parameter is only valid when Link Up/Down Flag is enabled on the Trap Flags Configuration Menu.

IfIndex

This is a read-only field. When using SNMP, the interface index (ifIndex) is used to identify the specific interface being addressed. The ifIndex is determined by MIB II.

Configuring port monitoring

You can select any of the Ethernet ports as a probe to monitor forwarded traffic (not local traffic) with an external network analyzer. The selected probe port can monitor (mirror) traffic from one port. The selected probe port also receives and transmits network traffic (tagged frames) which allows a device connected to the probe port to be managed over the network (in-band connectivity). However, the device must be

802.1Q aware to be remotely managed by the switch. The monitoring port forwards frames with a VLAN membership which matches the

monitored port. The monitoring port transmits all frames as tagged. The monitoring port does not participate in Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and is always in a forwarding state when the link is up. The monitoring port does not forward local traffic, and it does not participate in GVRP.

Port Monitoring Operation

1. The monitoring port transmits all frames as tagged; therefore, a network analyzer is remotely manageable only if it is 802.1Q-aware.

2. The monitoring port is unable to transmit frames outside of its VLAN membership. Therefore, if the monitored port has ingress filtering disabled, any frames received or forwarded on that port, and which are not affiliated with a VLAN with which the monitored port is a member, will not be transmitted out of the monitoring port.

3. The monitoring port always transmits frames with the NCFI bit set. Therefore, frames not transmitted not on the monitored port due to untagging and a set NCFI bit cannot be detected and filtered by the monitoring port. In this case, the

50 8275-416 User’s Guide

monitoring port will transmit these frames, even though they are not transmitted by the monitored port. The existence of such frames in a network is expected to be a rare occurrence.

4. Frames not forwarded by the monitored port will not be monitored. These include:

v Local frames v 802.3x PAUSE frames v Frames dropped due to ingress rules v Frames dropped due to forwarding rules

From the Main Menu, select Device Configuration Menu and then, select Port Monitoring Menu from the Device Configuration Menu (Figure 32).

Figure 32. Port monitoring

Specify values for the following parameters:

Port Monitoring

Used to

EnableorDisable

the port monitoring function. The default is

Disable.

Monitoring Port

This is the

slot.port

that the

monitored

that a Network Analyzer is attached to. The slot can be 0, 1 or 2. The default is 0. The port range is 1 to 16 for Slot 0; 1 to 2, 1 to 4, or 1 to 8 for Slots 1 and 2.

When Port Monitoring is Enabled, make sure that the monitoring port is connected to a network analyzer and not to the network itself to avoid potential problems.

Port to be Monitored

This is the port from which data is captured and sent to the monitoring port (the port under analysis). The port range is 1 to 16 for Slot 0; 1 to 2, 1 to 4, or 1 to 8 for Slots 1 and 2.

data is sent to. This is the

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 51

slot.port

Configuring spanning tree protocol (STP)

Spanning tree switch configuration/status

The switch participates in Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). STP allows you to configure redundant paths in the switch topology. The switch automatically blocks redundant paths to prevent loops (that is, make it fault tolerant). If an active path is broken and a backup path is available, the switch finds the redundant path and enables it. Without STP, a path failure means loss of connectivity for the affected part of the network.

The switch complies with the IEEE 802.1D standard. Refer to the IEEE 802.1D document for STP specifications. The switch supports one Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) for the entire switch.

To configure the Spanning Tree Protocol for the switch, select Device

Configuration Menu from the Main Menu, then select Spanning Tree Switch Configuration/Status Menu or Spanning Tree Port Configuration/Status Menu

from the Device Configuration Menu (Figure 33).

52 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 33. Spanning tree switch configuration/status

The following section lists and describes the STP configuration functions and related parameters.

Spanning Tree Algorithm

Indicates if the switch participates in Spanning Tree Protocol. A status of Enable means that the switch participates in the STP. Disable means that the switch does not participate in the STP. The default is Disable.

Bridge Priority

Decimal value that indicates the priority of the switch. The range is 0 to

65535. The lower the value, the higher the priority. The bridge with the lowest priority value becomes the root (IEEE 802.1D). The default is 32768.

Maximum Age Time

When the switch is root, Maximum Age Time is the time in seconds during which the configuration message used by the Spanning Tree Algorithm is discarded. The range is 6 to 40 seconds. The default is 20 seconds.

Hello Time

When the switch is root, Hello Time is the time in seconds that the switch waits before sending the next configuration message. The range is 1 to 10 seconds. The default is 2 seconds.

Forward Delay Time

This value specifies the time spent in “Listening and Learning” mode before forwarding packets. The range is 4 to 30 seconds. The default is 15 seconds.

Spanning tree port configuration/status

You can configure the Spanning Tree Protocol by ports. Select Device Configuration Menu from the Main Menu. Then select Spanning Tree Port Configuration/Status Menu from the Device Configuration Menu (Figure 34).

Figure 34. Spanning tree port configuration/status

The parameter values are:

Port Priority

Port Path Cost

VLAN management

“Appendix E. Introduction to Virtual LANs (VLANs)” on page 117 provides an introduction to the terminology and concepts for VLANs. It is helpful to review this material before you define values for the parameters associated with configuring VLANs.

Decimal value which indicates the priority of port on the switch. The range is 0 to 255. The default is 128.

This output is automatically calculated. The cost represents the shortest distance from any switch to the root switch interval for the unit announcing its presence on the network. The range is 1 to 65535. The port path cost defaults to 0, which means that the path cost will be assigned dynamically depending upon the detected speed of the port. A value of 100 is assigned to 10 Mbps ports, and a value of 19 is assigned to 100 Mbps ports.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 53

From the Main Menu, select Device Configuration, and then select VLAN Management Menu to begin configuring VLANs for your switch (Figure 35).

Figure 35. VLAN management menu

VLAN summary and configuration

From the VLAN Management Menu, select VLAN Summary and Configuration Menu to begin configuring your VLANs (Figure 36). Note that there are four panels

on which you can define a total of 32 VLANs.

54 8275-416 User’s Guide

Figure 36. VLAN summary and configuration

The parameters for this panel are:

Unit ID

Selects the unit for which data is to be displayed or configured. In a non-stacked environment the Unit ID is 1.

VLAN Index

Sequential number of defined VLANs. You can configure 8 VLANs on each of 4 pages for up to 32 VLANs.

VLAN ID

VLAN identifier. It can be any number from 2 to 4094 (ID 1 is reserved for the default VLAN).

VLAN Name

An alphanumeric character string of up to 16 characters which identifies the VLAN. The default name is blank. The name for VLAN ID 1 is always

Default

VLAN Type

The type can be the Default VLAN, a static VLAN (one that is permanently configured and defined), or a dynamic VLAN (one that is created by GVRP registration). A VALN maked as “Dynamic” can be made “Static” by toggling

Type

in the

field when the VLAN is being modified.

Adding or Modifying a VLAN

If you want to add a VLAN, move the cursor to the ADD VLAN command at the bottom of the panel and press Enter. To modify an existing VLAN, move the cursor to the line containing the VLAN and press Enter. You will be presented the VLAN Configuration Menu (Figure 37).

Figure 37. VLAN Configuration Menu

The parameters for this panel are: Port This value is not selectable. Indicates by slot ID and port number which port

is controlled by the fields on this line.

Slot ID

This value is not configurable. Indicates by slot ID and port number which port is controlled by the fields on this line.

Participation

Determines the degree of participation of this port in this VLAN. The values can be:

v Include: Indicates this port is always a member of this VLAN. This is

equivalent to registration fixed.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 55

v Exclude: Indicates this port is never a member of this VLAN. This is

equivalent to registration forbidden.

v Autodetect: Specifies the port is to be dynamically registered in this

VLAN by GVRP. The port will not participate in this VLAN unless a join request is received on this port. This is equivalent to registration normal.

Tagging

Indicates the tagging behavior for this port in the VLAN. The values can be:

v Tagged: Specifies to transmit traffic for this VLAN as tagged frames. v Untagged: Specifies to transmit traffic for this VLAN as untagged frames.

Type This value is not configurable. Indicates the port type. The values can be:

v Static: Indicates that the port is configured to be statically included in this

VLAN.

v Dynamic: Indicates that this port is to be dynamically registered in this

VLAN by GVRP.

v Monitor: Indicates that this is a monitoring port. v blank (no text): Indicates that this port is excluded from being a member

of this VLAN.

If a monitoring port is configured, its VLAN membership always follows the VLAN membership of the port being monitored. However, the VLAN Configuration Menu always displays the monitoring port’s actual configuration; this configuration will take effect when the port is no longer a monitoring port.

Generic Attributes Registration Protocol (GARP) configuration

See Figure 38 for the GARP configuration parameters.

Figure 38. GARP configuration

56 8275-416 User’s Guide

GVRP Used to enable or disable GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol). The

default is Disabled.

GARP Timers

v Join Time: Specifies the interval between the transmission of GARP

PDUs registering (or reregistering) membership for a VLAN or multicast

group. This value applies per port and per GARP. The value can be from 10 to 100 centiseconds (0.1 to 1.0 seconds). The default is 20 centiseconds (0.2 seconds).

v Leave Time: Specifies the period of time to wait after receiving an

unregister request for a VLAN or a multicast group before deleting the VLAN entry. This can be considered a buffer time for another station to assert registration for the same attribute in order to maintain uninterrupted service. Values can be from 200 to 6000 centiseconds (2.0 to 60 seconds). The default is 60 centiseconds (0.6 seconds).

v Leave All Time: Controls how frequently Leave All PDUs are generated.

A Leave All PDU indicates that all registrations will be shortly unregistered. Participants will need to rejoin in order to maintain registration. This value applies per port and per GARP participation. The value can be from 200 to 6000 centiseconds (2.0 to 60 seconds). The default is 60 centiseconds (0.6 seconds).

802.1Q port configuration

See Figure 39 for parameters used to configure your 802.1Q ports.

Figure 39. 802.1Q port configuration

Port Indicates by a slot ID and port number which port is controlled by the fields

All

on this line.

specifies all ports on all slots.

Port VLAN ID

Indicates the VLAN ID that this port will assign to untagged frames or priority-tagged frames received on this port. The value must be the ID of an existing VLAN. The default is 1.

Acceptable Frame Types

Specifies the frames that will be passed through this port. The values can

VLAN onlyorAdmit All

. For VLAN only, untagged frames or priority frames received on this port are discarded. For Admit All, untagged frames or priority frames received on this port are accepted and assigned the value of the Port VLAN ID for this port. With either option, VLAN tagged frames are forwarded in accordance with the 802.1Q VLAN Specification.

Ingress Filtering

Indicates that ingress filtering is enabled or disabled. The default is

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 57

Disabled. If disabled is specified, frames received with VLAN IDs which do not match the VLAN membership of the receiving port are admitted and forwarded to ports which are members of that VLAN.

GVRP Indicates that GVRP is enabled or disabled. The default is Disabled.

VLAN reset

This function allows you to reset VLAN configuration parameters to those default parameters provided by the factory.

See Figure 40 for an example of the panel used to reset a VLAN.

Figure 40. VLAN reset

Trunk management menu

Link aggregation, also called trunking, allows multiple 802.3 MAC interfaces to be grouped together logically to appear as one super-link. The super-link or Link Aggregation Group (LAG) has access to the combined bandwidth of all links. Link aggregation also provides automatic, point-to-point redundancy between two devices (switch-to-switch). Each link in the trunk must be running at the same link speed and in full-duplex mode (half-duplex mode is not supported).

Configuring a trunk

To configure (or create) a trunk, select Device Configuration on the Main Menu, then select Trunk Management. The Trunk Status Menu (Figure 41 on page 59) is displayed; it consist of two panels; Page 1 of 2 and Page 2 of 2. You can define up to four trunks on each of these panels for a total of 8 trunks. To Configure a trunk, complete the configuration information on the Trunk Status Menu, then move the cursor to the ifIndex field, press Enter, and the Configure Trunk Menu (Figure 42 on page 60) is displayed. Complete the configuration information on the Configure Trunk Menu.

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Figure 41. Trunk status menu

ifIndex

Trunk interface number (ifIndex) values are fixed at 33 to 40. The interface number is assigned by the switch and in a range above the numbers of the ports (for example, ifIndex 33 to 36 is shown on panel 1of 2, and 37 to 40 is shown on panel 2 of 2). This field is not configurable.

Trunk Name

Defines the unique name for the trunk. You can use up to 15 alphanumeric characters. There is no default trunk name.

Flush Timer

Specifies the time that all trunk ports will be disabled during trunk transitions. This is done to ensure that frames are not misordered when flows are re-assigned to new ports. “N/A” indicates the trunk is not configured. The range of values is 100 to 4000 milliseconds (0.1 second to 4 seconds). The default is 1000 milliseconds (1 second).

Spanning Tree State

Specifies that spanning tree is either Enabled or Disabled for the trunk.

Trunk State

Specifies whether the trunk is Empty, LinkUp, or LinkDown. Empty indicates the trunk is not configured.

Member Ports

Defines the port numbers associated with a specific trunk.

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Figure 42. Configure trunk menu

Name Defines the unique name for the trunk. You can use up to 15 alphanumeric

characters. There is no default trunk name.

Flush Timer

This value should match your network hold-time (that is, the time that the switch holds a frame before forwarding or discarding it). The range is 100 to 4000 milliseconds (0.1 second to 4 seconds). The default is 1000 milliseconds (1 second).

Restore to Default

You can select yes or no. The default is No.

Admin Mode

Indicates whether the trunk group is Enabled or Disabled. The default is Enable.

STP Mode

This is the value specified for STP Mode on the Port Configuration Menu. It specifies the spanning tree protocol (STP) mode for the port; values are:

v 802.1D: the default v Fast: indicates fast STP mode for this port v Off: indicates STP is turned off for this port

Link Trap

Indicates whether link traps are Enabled or Disabled; Enable is the default.

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Port This field is not configurable. For Slot 0, indicates the number of the port

(ports 1 to 8 are listed on the first panel (page 1 of 2) and ports 9 to 16 are listed on the second panel (page 2 of 2)). For Slots 1 and 2, indicates the number of the port (ports 1 and 2, 1 to 4, or 1 to 8 are listed on the first panel) if the feature module is installed.

Include in Trunk

Indicates whether the port is included in trunk. You can specify No or Yes; No is the default.

Statistics

To access statistics, select Statistics Menu on the Main Menu. Traffic statistics are kept by port. Details and summaries of packets broadcast, transmitted, and switched, as well as error packets and discarded packets are the types of statistics kept for your switch.

Figure 43 shows the types of statistics that you can select to view from the Statistics Menu.

After making your selection, the panels containing statistics will refresh every few seconds. All counters may not update every few seconds. Even though the refresh rate is every few seconds, some counters will not change. For example, the Self-Learning Statistics counters update on an as needed basis whenever a host gets updated.

Note: A description for each statistic may be obtained by pressing Help on the

associated Web statistics panel.

Figure 43. Statistics Menu

Port summary statistics

To view a summary of port statistics, select Port Summary Statistics Menu from the Statistics Menu. See Figure 44 on page 62 for a summary of port statistics that are collected.

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Figure 44. Port summary statistics

Port detailed statistics

To view detailed port statistics, select Port Detailed Statistics Menu from the Statistics Menu. Detailed port statistics can be viewed on four consecutive panels (Figure 45, Figure 46 on page 63, Figure 47 on page 63, and Figure 48 on page 64). To view the next panel, move the cursor to NEXT PAGE (at the bottom of each panel) and press Enter.

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Figure 45. Port detailed statistics (Page 1 of 4)

Figure 46. Port detailed statistics (Page 2 of 4)

Figure 47. Port detailed statistics (Page 3 of 4)

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Figure 48. Port detailed statistics (Page 4 of 4)

Switch summary statistics

To view a summary of switch statistics, select Switch Summary Statistics Menu from the Statistics Menu. See Figure 49 for a summary of the switch statistics that are collected.

Figure 49. Switch summary statistics

Switch detailed statistics

To view detailed switch statistics, select Switch Detailed Statistics Menu (Page 1 of 2) from the Statistics Menu. See Figure 50 on page 65 for the detailed switch statistics that are collected.

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To view Self Learning IP statistics, select Switch Detailed Statistics Menu (Page 2 of 2) from the Statistics Menu. See Figure 51 for an example of the statistics that are collected for Self Learning IP.

Figure 50. Switch detailed statistics

Figure 51. Self Learning IP statistics

Packets switched

8-byte value containing the total number of packets directly switched by the self-learning IP function since it was enabled. The count is all inclusive for the switch, regardless of the routers or hosts involved. The value starts at 0 whenever the function is enabled and continues to increment until you reset the function or the switch.

Known routers

Current number of known routers identified by the self-learning IP function

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since it was enabled. You cannot clear this counter. The value starts at 0 when the function is enabled and changes over time as routers are learned and age-out.

Active Hosts

Current number of hosts (IP addresses) identified by the self-learning IP function since it was last enabled. You cannot clear this counter. The value starts at 0 when the function is enabled and changes over time as hosts are learned and age out, reflecting the dynamic nature of host traffic as it traverses the switch.

Forwarding database information

To view forwarding database information, select Forwarding Database Menu from the Statistics Menu. See Figure 52 for the forwarding database information.

Figure 52. Forwarding database information

Self Learning IP router table menu

To view statistics about known routers whenever the Self Learning IP function is enabled, select Statistics Menu from the Main Menu, then select Self Learning IP

Router Table Menu. See Figure 53 on page 67 for the router statistics.

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Figure 53. Self Learning IP router table menu

The description of the information collected is:

Number of known router entries

Current number of known routers identified by the Self Learning IP function since it was enabled. This is the same value that is found on the Switch Detailed Statistics Menu.

IP Address

The IP address of the router.

MAC Address

The MAC address of the router.

Notes:

1. The table is displayed in the order of increasing IP addresses.

2. The table can contain up to 32 entries, with up to 11 entries per page; up to 3 pages.

3. Only the number of pages that contain data are displayed.

Self Learning IP host address menu

To view information about IP host addresses that are collected when the Self Learning IP function is enabled, select Statistics Menu from the Main Menu, then select Self Learning IP Host Address Menu. See Figure 54 on page 68 for the host IP statistics.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 67

Figure 54. Self Learning IP host address menu

Number of active host entries

Current number of hosts (IP addresses) identified by the Self Learning IP function since it was last enabled. This is the same value that is displayed on the Switch Detailed Statistics Menu.

IP Address of Host to Display

You specify the IP address of the host for which you want to view information.

Host MAC Address

MAC address associated with the host’s IP address.

Host Unit.Slot.Port

Unit, slot, and port number for this host. If the port is part a trunk, then this line is labeled “Trunk ifIndex” and the value is the ifIndex for this trunk.

Host Packets Switched

The number of IP packets destined for this host’s IP address that were switched directly to this host address, bypassing the router, since the host was last learned by the self-learning IP function.

Router (Gateway) IP Address

The IP address of the router to which this host communicates when sending IP traffic to a different subnet (as viewed by the self-learning IP function).

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Router (Gateway) MAC Address

The MAC address of the router to which this host communicates when sending IP traffic to a different subnet (as viewed by the self-leaning IP function).

Notes:

1. When the panel is first displayed, the lines for the Host MAC Address, Router MAC Address, Host Unit.Slot.Port, and Host Packets Switched are blank. After the IP Address is entered and Apply is selected, these lines appear.

2. If the specified Host IP address is not found, the message “Information for <IP address> is not available” where <IP address> is the value that was entered for “IP Address of Host to Display”.

3. The latest value for the Host Packets Switched count is shown whenever the host information is displayed or manually refreshed. Changes in the count value are also reflected in the Packets Switched value on the Switch Detailed Statistics Menu.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 69

User account management

On the Main Menu, select User Account Management Menu to use the functions for managing user accounts.

Defining user accounts

On the User Account Management Menu, select User Accounts Menu. Figure 55 shows the User Accounts Menu where you specify user names, passwords, and access mode.

Figure 55. User account management

The switch allows you to add and delete users and set user passwords for the switch. You are to provide the following information:

User Name

User name can be up to eight alphanumeric characters and is not case sensitive. Up to six user names (accounts) can be defined; one with read/write access mode and five with read only access mode.

Password

The password can be up to eight alphanumeric characters and is not case sensitive. A blank password indicates no password. The default value is blank.

Confirm Password

The confirm password can be up to eight alphanumeric characters and is not case sensitive. You should use the same password as defined in the Password field. A blank confirm password indicates no password. The default value is blank.

Access Mode

This value is not configurable. User access mode can be:

Read/Write

Only one user can be defined with read/write access mode per switch. This user can change the status of other users, add and delete users, change passwords and change configurations, and use system utilities.

Read Only

Up to five users can be defined with read only access mode per

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Status

Status applies to Read only user names; status can be Enable, Disable or Delete. Enable means that the user name is authorized to access the switch. Disable means that the user name is not allowed to access the switch. Delete means the user will be removed from the list upon an apply or save. The status of the read/write user name is always Enabled.

Managing login sessions

On the User Account Management Menus, select Login Sessions Menu (Figure 56), which allows you to close a single session or close all active Telnet sessions.

switch. When Read only users are logged in, the message READONLY appears at the top right corner of all panels.

A user with read only access is restricted from accessing the SNMP Community Configuration menu, SNMP Trap Receiver Configuration menu, User Account Management menu, and System Utilities menu. When a read only user tries to modify a configuration parameter on a menu, the data is not accepted and is not processed.

Figure 56. Login session management

These fields are read-only: v Connection From (the letter “T” at the right of the IP address indicates that this is

a Telnet session)

v Slot.Port v User Name v Session Time (the time shown indicates how long this session has been active)

These fields are configurable

Status

Specifies that the individual session is Open or Closed. Toggle to the selection (Open or Closed), press Enter, then Apply your selection.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 71

Close All Active Telnet Sessions

Specifies if all Telnet sessions are to be Closed or not. Toggle to the selection (Yes or No) , press Enter, then Apply your selection.

System utilities

The system utilities can be used only by users with read/write access. You can use the system utilities by selecting System Utilities Menu on the Main Menu. Figure 57 shows the available utilities.

Saving applied changes

To permanently save configuration changes either select F4 to save or go to the System Utilities Menu and select Save Applied Changes, as shown in Figure 57.

Logging out

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Figure 57. Save applied changes

When you have finished using the terminal interface, ensure you have saved and applied all configuration changes before you log out. The terminal interface provides an orderly way to log out. One way is to use the LOGOUT command on the Main Menu. Another way to log out is to select System Utilities Menu from the Main menu, then select Logout as shown in Figure 58 on page 73.

Handling files

Figure 58. Logout utility

To upload or download a file, select System Utilities Menu from the Main Menu. Then make the appropriate selection from the System Utilities Menu.

The switch can download or upload files. Downloading is the transfer of files from a remote server into the switch. Uploading is the transfer of files from the switch to a remote server.

You can retrieve configuration settings from the switch as a binary file and send a binary configuration file to the switch. This allows you to back up the configuration or to easily update the configuration of multiple switches. Additionally, you can provide a configuration file to IBM support personnel for problem determination.

The last-saved configuration used by the switch is retained after a code update or a reset.

The switch displays result messages to indicate the status of a file transfer. Table 11 and Table 12 on page 74 show the messages along with explanations for each.

Downloading code or configuration to the switch

Table 11. Messages - while downloading files

Message Explanation

TFTP in progress... The switch has initiated the file transfer with the TFTP

server.

Can't start...previous transfer is not complete yet!

TFTP receive complete...storing in flash...For Code only: The file has been successfully

Another TFTP operation is still taking place. Only one TFTP operation can occur at a given time. This includes both download and upload operations. Wait until the previous operation completes.

transferred to the switch and passed all the verification tests. It is now being stored permanently in flash memory.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 73

Table 11. Messages - while downloading files (continued)

Message Explanation

TFTP receive complete... updating configurationFor Configuration only: The switch has received the file

and will verify its integrity. The file will be stored in flash if it passes the integrity checks. The switch will reset itself after storing the file in order for the newly loaded configuration to take effect.

File transfer operation completed successfully.The file has successfully been stored in flash. The

switch must be reset now for the new code to become operational.

File failed CRC check! The switch received the file, but detected a CRC error.

Because the file is corrupted, it will not be stored in flash. Try obtaining another copy of the file.

This file is not intended for this product!The switch received the file, but detected that the file

was not meant for the switch. The file will not be stored in flash. If this is for a code update, obtain the correct software image from the IBM Web site. If this is for configuration, make sure that the configuration file originated from a 8275-416 switch.

Failure while storing in flash! The switch successfully received the file, and began

storing the image in flash; however, an error occurred during the process. For code only, the flash is most likely corrupt now and new code will have to be downloaded via the bootcode utility function. For configuration, retry the download. If the file transfer still fails, contact your IBM service representative.

File transfer failed! A general error occurred. The most likely cause for this

message is when the switch cannot complete the TFTP operation. This may happen if you have not entered the correct IP address for the TFTP server, or if an IP address has not been set up on the switch. Check to see if your IP addresses are configured correctly.Also, make sure that you can ping the TFTP server from the Ping Menu. This error could also occur if you entered an incorrect path or file name. Check to make sure these fields match the file location on the TFTP server.

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Uploading trap log, error log, configuration or system trace from the switch

Table 12. Messages - while uploading files

Message Explanation

TFTP in process... The switch has initiated the file transfer with the TFTP

server.

Can't start...previous transfer is not complete yet!

Error while preparing file for transfer.Before uploading a file, the switch must prepare that

Another TFTP operation is still taking place. Only one TFTP operation can occur at a given time. This includes both download and upload operations. Wait until the previous operation completes.

file for transfer. This message means that there was a problem either in reading the information required for making the file, or there was a problem creating the file. Contact your IBM service representative.

Table 12. Messages - while uploading files (continued)

Message Explanation

File transfer failed! A general error occurred. The most likely cause of this

File transfer completed successfullyThe switch successfully sent the file to the TFTP

server.

Downloading a file to the switch

Downloading is the transfer of files from a remote server into the switch. The download operation is initiated by selecting Download File to Switch Menu on the System Utilities Menu (Figure 59). While the download is in process, you may see messages displayed. Table 11 on page 73 shows messages that can appear during the download process.

Figure 59. Downloading a file to the switch

Uploading a file from the switch

Uploading is the transfer of files from the switch to a remote server (Figure 60 on page 76).

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 75

Figure 60. Uploading a file from the switch

The following parameters apply to uploading and downloading of files.

File Type

The file types are:

For Download

v Code (the default) v Configuration

For Upload

v Configuration v Error log v System trace v Trap log (the default)

Upload or Download Mode

The mode is either XMODEM or TFTP. XMODEM is valid only when the file transfer is initiated by the serial EIA 232 port. The default value is XMODEM.

Start Transfer Now

Enter Yes or No. The value is No whenever the panel is initially displayed.

File Name

The file name can be up to 16 alphanumeric characters. The switch remembers the last file name used. The default value is blank.

File path can be appended to the file name if the string is less than 17 characters. Otherwise, the File Path field will need to be used and the File Name will be appended to the File Path as is. An example would be File Path set to

c:\tftp\code\

and File Name set to

e1r1v1.opr

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Note: File Name, File Path, and TFTP Server IP Address are applicable

only if the Transfer Mode is TFTP.

File Path

The directory path where the file is located or where it is to be uploaded to. The switch remembers the last file path used. The default value is blank.

TFTP Server IP Address

The IP address of the server where the file is located. It is valid only when the Transfer Mode is TFTP. The address is 4 decimal bytes ranging from 0 to 255. The default value is zeros.

Reset utility

You can reset the switch without powering it off. Reset means that all network connections are terminated and the boot code executes. The switch uses the stored configuration to initialize the switch. You are prompted for confirmation if you want the reset to proceed. A successful reset is indicated by the LEDs on the switch.

After selecting Reset Menu from the System Utilities Menu, you are given the choice of the resets you can request as shown Figure 61.

Figure 61. System Reset menu

System reset menu

Reset the system by indicating the particular unit as shown in Figure 62 on page 78. You must identify the switch to reset.

None

is the default.

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 77

Figure 62. System reset menu

Resetting configuration data to factory default values

You can reset the configuration to factory default values without powering off the switch. The factory defaults are not restored until the switch is reset. The switch is automatically reset when this command is processed. You are prompted to confirm that you want the reset to proceed.

Reset the configuration data to the factory defaults by indicating the particular unit as shown in Figure 63. You must identify the switch to reset.

None

is the default.

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Figure 63. Reset configuration data to factory defaults

Resetting passwords to factory default values

You can reset user passwords to factory default values without powering off the switch. The factory defaults are not restored until the switch is reset. The switch is automatically reset when this command is processed. You are prompted to confirm that you want the reset to proceed.

Reset the passwords by indicating the particular unit as shown in Figure 64. You must identify the switch to reset. None is the default.

Figure 64. Reset passwords to factory defaults

Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface 79

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Chapter 5. Using the Web Interface

You can manage your switch through your Web browser and Internet connection. This is referred to as Web-based management. To access the switch, your Web browser must support:

v HTML version 4.0, or later v HTTP version 1.1, or later v JavaScript™version 1.2, or later

This chapter explains how to access the switch Web-based management panels to configure and manage your switch.

It is important to note that there are equivalent functions in the Web interface as in the terminal interface (that is, there are usually the same menus to accomplish a task). For example, when you log in, there is a Main Menu with the same functions available, and so on. The Web login session will be automatically logged off based on the Telnet timeout settings. There are several differences between the Web and terminal interface. For example, on the Web interface the entire forwarding database can be displayed, and the terminal interface only displays 10 entries starting at specified addresses.

So, if you have read “Chapter 3. Configuring your switch” on page 25 and “Chapter 4. Using the Terminal Interface” on page 31, navigating the Web interface will not be difficult. This chapter is a brief introduction to the Web interface.

Configuring for Web Access

To have Web access to the switch: v Configure the switch for in-band connectivity (see “Chapter 2. Accessing the

switch” on page 19).

v Enable Web mode (see “Configuring network connection for the switch” on

page 35.)

Web Page Layout

A Web interface panel for the switch Web page consists of three frames (Figure 65

on page 82). Frame 1, across the top, appears a banner graphic of the switch. Frame 2, at the bottom-left displays a hierarchical-tree view. The tree consists of a combination of folders, subfolders, and configuration and status HTML pages. You can think of the folders and subfolders as branches and the configuration and status HTML pages as leafs. Only the selection of a leaf (not a folder or subfolder) will cause Frame 2 to display a new HTML page. A folder or subfolder has no corresponding Frame 3 HTML page. Frame 3, the bottom-right frame, displays the currently selected device configuration status or the user configurable information that you have selected from the tree view of Frame 2, or both. You can resize each of these frames. There are no fixed-sized frames.

Figure 65. Web interface panel–example

Starting the Web Interface

Note: You must configure the IP address of the switch before using the Web

interface.

Follow these steps to bring up the switch Web interface:

1. Enter the IP address of the switch in the Web browser address field.

2. When the Login panel is displayed, enter the appropriate User Name and Password. The User Name and associated password are the same ones used for the terminal interface. Click on the Login button. The navigation tree is displayed in Frame 2, and the System Description Menu is displayed in Frame

3. Make your selection by clicking on the appropriate item in the navigation tree in Frame 2.

Note: There is an inactivity timeout associated with a Web session. The timeout

value is the same one that is used for Telnet sessions.

Commands

The following command buttons are used throughout the Web interface panels for the switch:

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Undo Restores any changes made on the panel to their original value since the

last Apply or Save.

Save Implements and saves the changes you just made. Some settings may

require you to reset the system in order for them to take effect.

Apply Implements the changes you just made. Some settings may require you to

reset the system for them to take effect.

Refresh

The Refresh button that appears next to the Apply button in Web interface panels refreshes the data on the panel.

Restart

Refreshes the list and displays the data starting at the beginning of the list.

Next Displays the next set of information in the list.

Chapter 5. Using the Web Interface 83

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Specifications and Main Features

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