IBM 80, 82, 75 Customer Engineering Manual
Customer Engineering
Issued
Branch
Department:
Address:
to:
Office:
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Manual
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Instruction
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Card
Sorting Machine
This edition, Form 225-8766-4,
but does not obsolete Form
PAGE
22 to end Deletion of all material that is
22-8766-3. Principal changes in this edition are:
76 Added instructions for the 978 Card
MINOR REVISION (May 1957)
is
a minor revision of the preceding edition
SUBJECT
82-80-75
Counting
C.B.
Reference Manual
Unit
in
the
© 1952, 1953, 1956
by
International Business Machines Corporation
CONTENTS
IBM
82
CARD
SORTING MACHINE
FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES .......................................... 5
Principle of Sorting ................................................ 7
Operating Features ........... ....................................... 8
Switches and
Card Brush .................. ................... ................ 9
Contact Roll Cover ....... ............ ....................... 9
Commutator ..................................... ................. 9
Declutching Hand Wheel ............... ................ 9
Card Runout .................................. ................ 9
Pocket Stop Device ......................... .............. ... 9
Machine Operation ......................... ............. ... 9
Current, Weight and Dimensions ... ................
MECHANICAL
Chute Blades and Sort Magnet ......................... .......
Card Brush Assembly ..............................................
Commutator ..............................................................
Drive Shaft and Motor ............................................ 16
Declutching Hand Wheel........................................
Reverse
Feed Knives .............................................................. 18
Feed Rolls ................................................................ 19
Card Levers and Contacts ...... ...... ............................
Pocket Stop Device ................ ................... ........ .......
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ................................................
Star~ing
SortIng Circuits ....................... ................................. 26
PURPOSE OF RELAYS, CONTACTS AND SWITCHES
FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES ......................................... .
Operating Features ................................................. .
Mechanical and Electrical
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ............................................... .
Starting and Running Circuits ............................... .
AND
Lock
Selenium Rectifiers ..........................................
Duo Relays ......................................................
Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ..............
Time Delay Relay............................................
Relay Gate and Electronic Chassis ...........
Tube Filaments ................................................
DC Machine Circuit ........................................
a!ld
General Operation ............................................
Oscillator and Rectifier Tube ................
Static Circuit Conditions ................................
Firing the Trigger Tube .................................. 29
Energizing the Sort Magnet .......................... 29
Restoring
Miscellaneous Components . ....... ...... ...... ...... ....
E,
F, G Suffix
IBM
80
Relay Cabinet .................................
DC Machine Circuit ..................................... .
Motor Relay and Card Control Relay ............. .
Drive Motor ................................................... .
Sorti~U~~~~ui~a~.~~!.~~.~
Purpose of Relays and Contacts ........................... .
IBM
75
FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES .......................................... 39
Operating Features .................................. _...............
Switches ....................... _.................................... 40
Counter Reset ............. ....... ..... ......... ......... ... .... 40
Current, Weight, and Dimensions
Mechanical and Electrical Principles ...................... 40
Card Counters
Reset Interlock Contact ....... ...... ...... .................
Counting Commutators
Slate
Fuses
......................... ... ............. 8
ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES ........
.................... ........................................
~unning
CARD
CARD
Base
Circuits .. ............... ...............
Bias
.............. ....................................
Changes ....................................
SORTING MACHINE
Principles ....................... .
__
.............. .
..........
~~~~
......
~
........
~~
..................
~~
..
SORTING MACHINE
...
...... ..... .... 40
..
............ ............ ......... ........ ... .... 40
..
Relays ............................................
......... ....... ........ ... ....
_......
...
... ....
::::::::::::::
10
11
11
13
14
17
17
21
21
22
22
22
23
23
23
23
23
25
27
27
28
31
31
31
32
33
33
34
35
35
35
35
35
35
37
37
37
40
41
41
42
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ................................................ 45
AUXILIARY CARD
SORT SUPPRESSION DEVICE ......................................
CARD MATCHING
~elay
CountIng Circuits ................................................. ...
Card Lever Hold Relay.................................. 45
Counter Magnets and Relays
Transfer Set
Count Control Relay and Reject Counter ...... 47
Total Counters ................................................ 47
Sorting Circuits ........................................................ 47
Purpose of Relays, Commutators, and Contacts .... 47
Circuit Description ..................................................
Circuit Description ..................................................
Sort Suppression Commutator . ....... ................ 54
Energizing the Sort Magnet ...... ........... ...... ..... 54
Circu?tPg:~~~?Pti~~··::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
Sorting Detail Cards . .......... ....... ................. .....
Sorting Master Cards ......................................
Purpose of Miscellaneous Circuit Components
MULTIPLE COLUMN SELECTION DEVICE ................
GROUP SORTING DEVICE .......................................... 70
IBM 978 CARD COUNTING
Control Panel' ..................................................
Common Digit Select:on .................................. 60
Multiple Column Selection ..............................
Zero-Elimination ............................. _................ 62
Normal Sorting ................................................ 63
Internal Controls ......... ...................... ........ ...............
Circuit Description .................................................. 64
Normal Sorting and Common Digit Selection 64
Multiple.
Static
Sensing a Selected
Sensing an Unselected
Zero Elimination ....................... .............. .......... ..... 68
Static Circuit Conditions ................................ 68
Operation of
Circuit Cutout Relay........................................ 69
Internal Controls . ........... ...... ....... ...... ..... ...... ....... ...
Circuit
I?esc~ipti?n
Static
Firing the MCC Tube ....................................
Sorting the Master Card ...............................
Sorting Detail Cards ..................................... 72
Trailer Card Operation ....................................
Single Master Card Operation ........................
Purpose of Miscellaneous Circuit Components
Functional
Introduction . ................ ....... ....... .... ................... 76
Reset .................................................................. 76
Counters ............................................................ 76
Tube and Relay Storage .................................. 76
Circuits ......................................................................
Powe~
ConditiOning
Sort
Count Only...................................................... 79
Sort and Count ..... .................... ..... .................. 82
Purpose of Circuit Components .............................. 82
Wire Contact Relays ............... ......................... 82
Duo Relays ..................................... ................. 82
Cam Contacts ................................................... 84
Switches
Rectifier
Resistor ...... ............ ......... ................................. 84
~abi!lets
Col.umi?'
CirCUit
CirCUit
Principles .............................................. 76
.
Only.......
and Power Supply Rectifier .... 45
..
Up Relay.................................... 47
SPECIAL
COUNTING
DEVICE ..........................................
Supply:
.... ...... ....... .......................... ................. 84
. .... ....... ....... .... ........ ...... ...... .......... ....... 84
DEVICES
Select.i~n
Condltlons ... .......................... ..... 64
Value ................................ 64
.the
Zero-Eliminate Control Tube 68
...... :.:.........................................
Condltlons ..................................
UNIT
..... :........................................... 77
CirCUits
...... ...... ............... ........... 79
................................................. 79
...... .................. 46
DEVICE ..................
.................................... 64
Value .......................... 64
.............................. 76
45
50
51
53
53
55
~~
57
58
51:!
59
6J
61
6.3
71
71
72
72
_.
72
75
75
75
77
IBM
82
CARD
SORTING
MACHINE
IBM
82
CARD
SORTING
MACI-tINI:
FUNCTIONAL
THE THREE machines necessary
operations required in punched card accounting are the
punch, the sorter, and the accounting machine. The
punch establishes the records, the sorter arranges or
classifies them, and the accounting machine produces
the printed reports.
In
punched card accounting systems, thousands of
cards may
final
reports.
be
involved daily in the
In
most
cases,
to
perform the basic
taJSk
of preparing
these cards must
be
classi-
PRINCIPLES
fied
properly prior to the preparation of each report on
accounting machines. Classification of such a large
number of cards manually would present an immense
task which would consume many man hours of work
and would
The Type 82 Card Sorting Machine affords a speedy
and accurate method of arranging cards into
sequence. The
be
greatly subjected to human errors.
operation of the Type 82 Sorter
any desired
is
Figure 1. Card Transport Through
the
Machine
6
CARD
SORTING
MACHINE,
TYPE
82
entirely automatic, except for the removal and replenishing of cards in the machine.
Sorting cards on the Type 82 machine consists of
running the cards through the machine once for each
is
column in the field being classified. This
comparable
to scanning a series of printed figures with the human
eye, except here an electric sensing brush becomes the
eye.
This brush can sort on only one column at a time.
However, it
tion the brush to sort on
positions on the IBM card. The machine
13
with
each digit value
is
movable,
so
that the operator may posi-
anyone
of the 80 column
is
equipped
pockets for dispersal of cards; one pocket for
0 through
12
and one reject pocket
for cards unpunched in the column being sorted.
By
means of feed knives, cards are
fed
one at a time
from the bottom of the pack in the card magazine on
1).
the right end of the machine (Figure
After leaving
the card magazine, they are gripped between sets of
constantly revolving feed rolls and are fed from the
As
right to the left of the machine.
from right to left, they first
pass
the cards travel
the card brush station,
located between the first and second sets of feed rolls.
Here the punching in the card column being sorted
sensed
by
means of a brush projecting through the holes
is
in the card and making contact on a common roll.
at
Sensing of card punching
the card brush station sets
up the proper combination of raised or lowered chute
blades at the sort magnet station, located between the
is
is
traveling
accom-
to
second and third sets of feed rolls. This setup
as
plished
the leading edge of the card
under the chute blades. The chute blades, according
their setup, then direct the' card
is
(the card
If
a 1 punch
still being carried
is
sensed at the card brush station, the
to
its
proper pocket
by
the feed rolls).
chute blade combination setup will be such that the
If
card will be directed to the 1 pocket.
is
sensed at the card brush station, the chute blade
an 8 punch
combination setup will be such that the card will be
directed to the 8 pocket.
no punching
is
sensed
at
If
the card brush station, all chute blades will remain in
to
a raised position, and the card will be directed
the
reject pocket.
23
13
13
--~
"3" Pocket
12
"2" Pocket
Cards
22
12
22
now
12
22
22
in
order
FIRST
21
"1" Pocket
in
units position
SORT
2
~
112
2 2
3
1
2
1
2 1)
3
1
2 2)
2 1
1
1
1 2
2,2
2 3
2 1
2 2
Cards
in
Magazin
2.
Principle
e
23
23
22
of
Cards
Sorting
22 13
22
22
21
21
21
"2" Pocket
in
order
13
12
12
12
11
"I"
Pocket
in
units and tens position (sub classification)
SECOND
SORT
(in miscellaneous
order)
21
11
21
Figure
g)3
1 3
1
2 3
1 2
2 2
1 2
2 2
1
2 2
2 2
2 1
2 1
1
2
Cards in
order
position
(in
miscellaneous 0
in
tens position)
3
2
1
1
in u
nits
rder
FUNCTIONAL
PRINCIPLES
7
During the time that the punching in the card
is
sensed and the proper chute blade combinations are
set up, the card
continually moving from right
to
is
left under control of the constantly running feed rolls.
Speed
cards per minute.
is
Numerical Sorting
and
Capacity
The speed of the Type 82 machine
The
capacity of the card magazine
550 cards.
PRINCIPLE
OF
SORTING
is
650 to 660
Sorting multiple digit fields when only one column
be
may
sorted
group of cards, punched
at
a time is illustrated in Figure
11
through 23 in a two digit
2.
A
field, are arranged in miscellaneous order and placed
The
in the card magazine of the sorter.
is
sorted first by positioning the card brush
units position
on
that
column and running the cards through the machine.
All cards punched with a 1 in the units column will fall
into the 1 pocket, all cards punched with a 2 in the
units column will fall into the 2 pocket, etc.
When
all the cards have been run through the
machine for sorting on the units position, the card
is
brush
shifted to the tens column position and the
cards removed from the pockets. To remove cards from
l's
the pockets in proper sequence, the
face
first and placed
down in the card magazine, the
are removed
2's are removed next and placed face down on the
l's, the 3's
face
down on the 2's, etc. This
is
common
practice but cards may be removed in descending order
by
starting with the 9's and keeping the cards face up
in the palm of the hand instead of face down. The
important item during removal
is
to keep the cards
in sequence.
After all cards have been removed from the pockets
and replaced in the card magazine, and the card brush
has been located on the tens column position, the
is
machine
restarted and sorting of the tens position
takes place. Those cards punched with a 1 in the tens
position fall into the 1 pocket, the 2's into the 2 pocket,
By
etc.
ing order
removing the cards from the pockets in ascend-
as
was
done on the first sort,
(l's
ahead of
the 2's) the original group of miscellaneous cards will
be
found to be in numerical sequence froni
The sorting process could be illustrated further
the
use
of a larger field, but from the foregoing example
be
it will
observed that, upon completion of the second
11
to 23.
by
sort, all cards will appear in groups arranged in correct
numerical sequence.
The procedure for sorting cards to arrange them in
proper sequence according to major and minor classi-
If
fications follows the same general principle.
the above
mentioned two-digit numbers were subclassifications and
another one-column field were a major classification,
the next sort for major classification would bring these
groups together, and the subclassifications would be
as
in order within each group
A general rule to be kept in mind
or
for the minor
the
SOrts
for the major classifications are made last.
subclassifications are made first and
illustrated in Figure 3.
is
that the sorts
Alphabetic Sorting
Sorting cards containing alphabetic information into
alphabetic sequence necessitates the double sorting of
is
each column, since each letter
in a single column, one of which
the other a digit from 1 to
is
A
indicated
by
punched holes in the 12 and 1 posi-
recorded by two holes
is
12,
11
or 0 and
9.
For example, the letter
tions of a given column.
Major! Sub
3
3)
! 2
12
5
3
1
5
2
12
4
2
12
12
3
2
1
2
12
4
1
'2
1
1
'2
,
3
1
12
3
: 1
3
i 1
2
: 1
: 1 2
,
, 1
2
1
4Y:
1
Cards
in
Maga
zine
by (cards
in
order
sub
1523
522
522
521
513
"5"
Pocket
Cards now
422 322
512
in
order
SORTING
Figure
421
412
"4"
Pocket
by sub
411
and
major classification
BY
MAJOR
3.
Principie
1323
"3"
321
313
312
Pocket
GROUPS
of
but
order
classification)
Sorting
classificatio
in
miscella
by
major
n
ne~us
8
CARD
SORTING
MACHINE,
TYPE
82
The cards are sorted in the normal manner
ing to the digits 1 to 9 in the first column to
zone
The
is
then moved
contact bar on the commutator (Figure
to
the center of the commutator and
the complete sorting operation repeated on the
card column. Positioning the
zone
contact bar in this
accord-
be
sorted.
4)
same
manner suspends sorting for all values of punching
except
pocket will contain the letters A to I
sequence; those in the
and those in the
columns are each sorted in the
the digits 1
punchings
from the pockets following a
cards should be placed
0,
11
and 12. Those
to
0,
cards
which fall in the
in
alphabetic
11
pocket, the letters J
to
° pocket, the letters S to Z. Succeeding
same
9
first,
followed
11
and 12. When cards
face
down
manner
by
sorting of the zone
zone
sort, the
in the card magazine,
are
as
above;
removed
12
12
R;
zone
11
zone
the
cards next; and the °
zone
cards
last in
preparation for digit sorting on the next column.
In
most
cases,
it
is
not necessary to sort on all columns
of a name field to place the cards
in alphabetic order.
Usually sorting on the first three or four characters in
be
a group of names will
OPERATING
REFER
to Figure 4 for the location of the major oper-
sufficient.
FEATURES
ating features.
Switches
and
Fuses
There are 3 operating switches located on the front
right end of the machine. The main line switch, when
turned
on,
furnishes power to the machine and
com-
Fi4ure 4. Operatinl1 Features
FUNCTIONAL
PRINCIPLES
.,
pletes a circuit to the filaments of the tubes.
completes a circuit to the time delay relay.
The start button, when depressed, sets up circuits
which energize the drive motor, and it causes the
chine
to
operate. The start button
approximately
line switch because of the delay caused
relay. This delay
filaments to reach proper operating temperature before
the machine
The stop button causes immediate stopping of the
machine.
out feature of the machine
the machine stops
friction.
The fuses are located on the inner side of the right
hand lower cabinet assembly in the position shown in
Figure
Card
may be set on any column to
card brush lifting handle near the front of the card
magazine. Each rotation of the handle moves the brush
one column. The brush may
columns
and sliding the brush holder to the desired column while
pressing down the finger lever at the top of the brush
assembly. A column indicator guide and pointer
located above the brush in a position readily visible
to the operator for convenient setting of the brush on
the column to be sorted.
Contact
before the start key can become operative. This
safety cover which operates two microswitches.
ing of these microswitches when the contact roll cover.
is
Commutator
commutator on which
bar are mounted. The contact bars on the commutator
When
the outside of the commutator, all holes punched in
the card column being sorted are sensed and cause the
card to sort to
1.
Brush
The card brush senses the punching in the card.
The plastic cover. over the contact roll must
raised interrupts the running and sorting circuits.
On
the front end of the first lower
vertical position in the card) and an alphabetic zone
are accessible through the large hole
all of the commutator contact bars are toward
50 seconds after turning on the main
is
necessary to allow the electron tube
is
started.
When
by
Roll
the
stOP
button
is
rendered inoperative, and
as
soon
as
its inertia
be
be
rotating the handle to the upper position
Cover
12
contact bars (one for each
its proper pocket. However,
is
ineffective for
by
the time delay
is
depressed, the run-
is
sorted
by
moved across several
in
the switch plate.
It
overcome
rotating the
be
down
Open-
feed
roll
if
the 4 and
also
ma-
by
It
is
is
is
o contact bars, for example, were moved to the center
of the commutator, sorting of 4's and
suspended. Any 4 or
being sorted would not be sensed and the card would
feed
to the reject pocket just
punched. Sorting of all other digits would be normal.
1£
the zone contact bar (red bar)
center of the commutator, sorting will be suspended
for all punching except
cards that have no
being sorted, will be fed to the reject pocket
they were unpunched.
Declutching Hand Wheel
A declutching hand wheel
the machine over
timings. This hand wheel
of the machine and, when rotated in a clockwise
tion, causes the main drive shaft and its gears to revolve.
The handwheel must be pressed
is
being revolved before the main worm shaft will
rotate.
the handwheel
it from revolving and presenting a hazard.
Card Runout
machine
in the machine keeps the drive motor running for a
long enough period of time to allow all cards to feed
to
runout feature was not present, making it necessary in
many cases to depress the start
the last
a
matic pocket stop. This
matically shuts
when
capacity with cards. Each pocket has a capacity of
a
Machine Operation
When
When
their proper pockets.
Pocket Stop Device
Each pocket of the sorter
anyone
approximately
stopped
can not be restarted
the full pocket or pockets have been emptied.
The main line switch should be turned on first to
allow time for the tubes to heat up while other
tions for starting are
the machine
the card magazine becomes empty while the
is
in operation, a runout feature incorporated
few
cards into their proper pockets.
of the thirteen pockets becomes filled to
by
the activation
0 punching in the card column
as
0,
11
and 12.
0,
11
or
12
punching in the column
is
provided for turning
by
hand to check adjustments and
is
located on the right end
is
operating under power,
is
automatically declutched to keep
On
older sorting machines
key
is
equipped with an auto-
is
a safety device which auto-
off
the current and stops the machine
550 cards. Once the machine has been
of
the pocket stop device, it
by
means of the start key until
being
completed.
O's
though it were un-
is
moved to the
That
to
the left while
long enough to feed
would be
is,
those
as
though
direc-
it
this
prepara-
10
Prior
CARD
to
placing cards in the card magazine, they
SORTING
should be carefully joggled against the glass top frame.
Cards are then inserted in the
the 9 edge to the left.
into the magazine. Check to
magazIne,
Do
not drop or force the cards
see
face
down with
that the edges of the
cards are even to assure free movement within the
magazine. Place the card weight on top of the pack
to insure proper feeding
of
the last
few
cards.
After the cards have been placed in the card maga-
zine, the card brush should
be
positioned on the proper
, card column. The contact bars on the commutator
should
or
the card column will be sensed
contact roll cover must be down before the start
be
checked to
OUT
position if desired,
see
that they are in the contacting
so
that all holes punched in
by
the card brush. The
key
can become operative.
Assuming that all of the above conditions have been
satisfied, the start
machine
to
key
may
be
depressed to cause the
operate. This key must be held depressed
until the cards have reached the third set of upper feed
rolls, thus dosing all card lever contacts. Once cards
have reached this position in the machine, it will continue
to
operate automatically until the card magazine
has been emptied of cards, one or more pockets become
full, or the stop
key
is
depressed. The contact roll cover
MACHINE,
must not
since this may
TYPE
be
raised while the machine
cause
82
mis-sorting
is
in operation
as
the machine comes
to a stop.
Care should be exercised when adding
card magazine while
the machine
is
jar the pack of cards already present in
and do not add any
in the machine
the machine
Current,
See
current and
NOTE:
Y2
HP
In
the
under the
to
Weight,
the table below for the operating current, starting
fuse
Some Type 82 machines were produced using
motors equipped with fusetrons instead of
case
of these machines,
1/3
cards jf the pack of cards present
is
small; either procedure may cause
jam.
and
Dimensions
rating of the Type
-the
fusetron racing listed
HP
heading may be used
cards to the
operating. Do not
the machine
82
machine.
as
these values
give enough safety factor due to their time lag char-
aoreristJic.
Weight unpacked Weight packed
Length
Width
Height - - - - - - -
530 pounds
785
pounds
61
inches
16
inches
46 inches
fuses.
----
Voltage Group
Volts
115
230
115
115 50
115
230
230 50
230 60 1 3.7 3.5
208 60
230 25
230 50
230 60
Cycles
DC
DC 3.0
25
60
25
Phases
1
1
1
1 3.7
1
1
3
3
3
Maximum
Operating Current
Amperes
1/2
HP
5.0
6.5
7.0 6.5
6.5
4.0
4.0 3.8
2.1
2.3 2.2
2.1 2.0
1/3
5.0
3.0
6.0
6.1
3.5
3.9
2.0
HP
Maximum
Starting Current
Amperes
1/2
HP
42.9 36.9
21.9
38.9
37.9
39.9
18.6
19.1 13.0
20.1
18.2
12.7
14.6
13.2
1/3
18.9
26.7
25.6
26.9
13.5
15.0
16.6
8.4
9.9
9.1
HP
Main
Fuses
Ampere Rating
1/2
HP
Fuse
12
6
12
12
12
6 4.0
6 4.0
6
6
6 2.5
6 2.5
6
1/3
HP
Fusetron
5.0
3.2
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
2.5
MECHANICAL
THE
REAR cover assembly and the covers on the right
AND
and left ends of the machine are each held in place
by
means of concealed latches. These latches may
released
bottom and held in place
by
pressing on the latch cover plate.
The cover over the switch plate
by
a holding screw at the
is
hinged at the
be
upper right hand corner. The right end cover must
is
be removed before this holding screw
accessible.
ELECTRICAL
PRINCIPLES
sort magnet armature. There are two styles of chute
use.
blades in
the new style blade
The old style blade
is
.009" thick. The .009" blade
has better wearing qualities than the
Each blade
which it guides the card.
is
numbered according to the pocket to
In
is
.008" thick and
.008" blade.
guiding a card to the
proper pocket, the card rides immediately over the
chute blade for that pocket.
Four adjustable levelers are furnished with each
machine for the purpose of leveling the machine and
to eliminate excessive vibration caused
by
an uneven
floor surface.
Chute Blades
In
Figure 5, a card
and
Sort
Magnet
is
shown passing between the
card brush and the contact roll just after it has been
fed
from the bottom of the pack in the card magazine. The leading edge of the card
the tips of the chute blades and the card brush
is
passing under
is
wiping across the face of the card in search of punched
holes in the column being sorted.
The
chute blades are formed strips of tempered
spring steel, varying in length, from the opening of
each pocket to a position resting on the top of the
Assume that a 4
the card brush
is
punched in the column on which
is
set. The chute blades are
so
arranged
that when the card has advanced to the position where
the card brush makes contact with the contact roll
through the 4 hole, the leading edge of the card will
have passed under the 9, 8, 7, 6, and 5 chute blade
tips
as
shown in Figure
6.
In
passing under the chute
blades, the card separates them from the sort magnet
armature.
As
soon
as
contact
to
the contact roll
is
made
by
the card brush, circuits are completed which energize
the sort magnet. Energization of the sort magnet attracts the sort magnet armature. This armature
normally held in a raised position away from the
magnet cores (Figure
As the armature
is
means
attracted, the 4,
of
a return spring.
3,2,
1,
0,
11, and
6)
by
12 chute blades follow it down because of the spring
on
tension
the blades; but the 9, 8, 7, 6, and 5 chute
blades are held up by the card, thereby creating an
opening between the 5 and 4 blades (Figure
7).
The
feed rolls convey the card through this opening (over
the 4 blade and under the
As
the card nears the 4 pocket, travelling between the
5)
towards the 4 pocket.
4 and 5 chute blades, it strikes a formed ear on the
under surface of the 5 blade which guides the card
As
into the 4 pocket.
a deflector spring (Figure
the card; then
the card travels into the pocket,
8)
is
pushed upward by
as
the card leaves the feed rolls, the
tension of this spring deflects the card downward. This
action causes proper stacking of the card
as
it
is
free
of any drive which might cause it to stand on edge.
is
Fi~ure
5.
Sensin~
the
Card
An armature knockoff screw insures the return of
the sort magnet armature to its normal position before
is
the next card
is
rotated counterclockwise (as shown by the arrow)
11
read (Figure
7).
The
knockoff screw
12
Pock.t
Reject
Pocket
','
"
"
Sort
Magnet Armatur.
·up·
just
before Magne
..
are
Card
energized
Brush
insulated
12
Pock.t
Fi~ure
6, Position
of
Chute
Blades Prior to
Sort
Magnet
Sort Magnet Armature energized
Energization
" Hole
in
Card
Figure
Reject
'1,
Position
Pock.t
of
Chute
Blades
12
After
Sort
Magnet
Enerl1ization
Figure 8.
MECHANICAL
Cards
Entering the Pockets
AND
ELECTRICAL
and
is
which
one revolution per card cycle.
off
the armature between the
PRINCIPLES
mounted on the third lower feed roll shaft,
is
driven from the main worm shaft and makes
It
is
timed
12
position of one card
and the 9 position of the following card. Although
the return of the sort magnet armature
is
ated, the knockoff screw
provided to overcome any
is
residual magnetism present in the sort magnet.
If
the card fed
sorted, the card brush fails
contact roll; therefore, the sort magnet
is
its
fed
gized and
the card
is
unpunched in the column being
to
make contact with the
is
armature
is
not attracted. Consequently,
under all the chute blades and deflected
into the R (reject) pocket.
Card
Brush
It
Assembly (Figure
will
be
noted
by
9)
referring to Figures 6 and 7
that the card brush makes contact on the contact roll
through the hole in the card. This sets up circuits
which cause energization of the sort magnet.
13
to
knock
spring actu-
not ener-
Figure 9.
Removing
the Card Brush' Assembly
14
CARD
SORTING
MACHINE,
TYPE
82
The card brush· may be positioned at
any
column
desired through manual operation of the card brush
lifting handle and the finger lever on the index head
rack holder (Figure
it
is
necessary that the card brush lifting handle be
in a position with
4).
During a sorting operation,
its
handle downward,
as
this allows
the card brush to rest on the contact roll for the pur-
pose of reading the card.
When
the card brush lifting handle
is
rotated one-
half turn from its normal downward position, the
card brush assembly
by
means of a cam pinned on each end of the worm
screw ( Figure
to raise the worm
held down
by
is
raised clear of the contact roll
9).
These
screw.
cams
operate against rollers
The worm
screw
is
normally
means of a compression spring on each
end.
Rotation of the card brush lifting handle one-half
turn not only raises the brush to clear the contact
roll, but also disengages the index head stop locator
from the index bar rack. This
assembly
is
to be moved. For one column movement,
one complete revolution of the lifting handle
is
necessary if the brush
raises
the
brush, disengages the index head stop locator, moves the
brush one column through the lead of the worm, and
lowers the brush to the contact roll
as
the index head
stop locator seats in the adjacent index bar rack tooth.
Rotation of the card brush lifting handle in a clockwise
direction moves the brush toward the rear of
the machine. Rotation of the handle counterclockwise
moves the brush toward the front of the machine.
To move the card brush assembly a distance of
several columns or more, the lifting handle
one-half turn to
its
raised position.
As
is
rotated
stated above,
this raises the brush from the contact roll and disengages the index head stop locator from the rack.
By
depressing the finger lever on the index head rack
holder, the index head locating nut
from the worm
screw.
This
is
mally held engaged with the worm screw
is
then disengaged
a half nut and
by
is
nor-
means of
a spring. Disengaging the index head locating nut
from the worm screw allows free movement, in either
direction, of the complete index head and brush holder
assemblies
the desired movement has been completed again
gages the locating nut with the worm
returning the lifting handle to
as
a unit. Releasing the finger lever after
screw,
its
downward position
en-
and
readies the brush for sensing the card.
Brush
Block
l!Iongated
Holes
Here
Brush
Holder
Brush
_----1-
F;~ure
10. Card
Brush
Holder
Assembly
A spring operated contact plunger (Figure 10)
provides the means of electrical connection between
the brush holder and an insulated contact rail. The
contact rail extends from front to rear over the entire
range of the card brush (Figure
nection
to
the card brush regardless of the column
9)
furnishing a con-
being sorted. A square end brush (part number 202)
is
used
and
is
held secure in the brush holder
of a locking screw (Figure
10).
by
means
Figure 9 indicates the procedure for removing the
card brush assembly. First, the lifting handle
one-half revolution to
lever on the brush
its
upper position. The locking
is
then raised until it points
is
turned
directly towards the left end of the machine. This unlocks the brush assembly, allowing it
by
pulling it out to the left.
Commutator
The commutator assembly
is
mounted on the front
to
be removed
end of the first lower feed roll shaft. The function of
this assembly
is
to act
as
an electrical cam contact in
the card brush circuit and, in conjunction with the
card brush, to establish the timing of the impulses
which energize the sort magnet.
The commutator makes one complete revolution
for each card cycle; a card cycle being the distance
from the leading edge of one card to the leading edge
of the following card.
zine they are separated
11
).
The width of a tabulating card
As
cards are
by
a distance of
fed
from the maga-
%"
is
3
~";
(Figure
there-
fore, the distance from the leading edge of one card
to the leading edge of the following card
distance between punching positions on a card
center to center of the holes.
is
considered one point in the card cycle, the entire
As
this distance of
card cycle then becomes a 16 point cycle
(4-7-
is
~
4".
The
is
~",
~"
= 16) .
MECHANICAL
AND
ELECTRICAL
PRINCIPLES
15
Fillure 11. Card Spacing
However, the sort magnet can
12 points of this cycle. These 12 cycle points
pond
to
the 12 punching positions on the card. The
be
energized only on
corres-
remaining four cycle points represent the distance
from the
hole of one card
to
the 9 hole of the
12
following card.
12
Figure
13
the
spots, each adjacent to the other, are internally
nected
shows a commutator disassembled. Note
contact spots near the center. Twelve of these
con-
to
the twelve segments on the inner (lower)
ring. Nine of these spots, representing the digits 1
to
through 9, may be connected
the digit common on
the extreme outer (upper) surface of the commutator
by
means of the individual contact bars, the operation
is
of which
shown
representing the
nected directly to the main common (outer) ring
in
Figure 12. 'The other three spots,
0,
11
and
12
values, may be con-
by
means of their individual contact bars.
is
The thirteenth contact spot
to
the digit common and,
bar),
(zone contact
maybe
by
internally connected
means of its contact bar
externally connected to
Figure 12.
Commutator
Assembly
16
CARD
SORTING
MACHINE,
TYPE
82
the main (outer) common ring. Note that
contact bar
mon
is
in its retracted position, the digit com-
is
not connected
to
the main common.
if
the zone
By
re-
tracting the zone contact bar, sorting of all digit values
1 through 9
is
suspended and only 0, 11, and 12 values
are sorted.
There are three division points
on
the periphery
of
the commutator; the inner, center, and outer rings.
Three contact brushes ride on this periphery, one to
contact each ring (Figure
sists of
12
insulated segments corresponding to each
11).
The inner ring con-
value in the card and internally connected to the 12
contact spots
is
timed to the machine in such a manner that, when
as
mentioned above. The commutator
the card brush makes through the 4 hole in the card
for example, the inner commutator brush will be mak-
ing contact
on
the 4 segment. The center and outer
rings are commoned together. The outer (common)
ring extends around the complete circumference
of
the commutator. The center ring extends around
approximately three fourths of the commutator circumference; the other one fourth
When
the
OA4G
a hole
is
trigger tube
sensed in the card, a circuit
is
first completed through the
is
insulation.
to
fire
commutator from one of the 12 segments on the inner
ring to the outer
or
common ring through the commutator contact brushes and the contact bar for that
position.
As
soon as the trigger tube has been fired, a
holding circuit
completed from the center brush
Firing the trigger tube removes the negative bias
to
maintain conduction in the tube
to
the outer brush.
is
on
the sort magnet control tubes and allows them to
energize the
maintain conduction
SOrt
magnet. Furnishing a hold circuit to
in
the trigger tube keeps the sort
magnet energized until the center brush breaks contact
on
the center ring. This occurs after the 12
position on the card has passed under the card
brush, thus completing the sensing of any holes
in
that card column.
If
two holes are present in a column being sensed,
and no provisions are made by means of the contact
bars
on
the commutator to suspend sorting
of
one
value, the card will sort according to the first value
sensed by the brush.
When
the reading brush
tact roll between cards, no circuit
is
resting on the bare con-
is
available to fire
the trigger tube because both the inner and center
commutator brushes are
on
insulated portions
of
the
commutator.
Drive Shaft and
Mounted
Motor
on
the rear of the machine
is
a horizontal
drive shaft which transmits power from the motor to
drive the card feed mechanism, the feed rolls, and the
contaot roll.
base
on
The
drive motor is
the left end
of
the machine and
10C3Jted
is
under the
connected
Figure
13.
Main
Drive
Shaft
and
Pocket
Stop
Shaft
MECHANICAL
AND
ELECTRICAL
PRINCIPLES
17
to the drive shaft
Variations in machine speed are obtained
by
means of a V belt and pulleys.
by
adjusting
the variable speed pulley on the drive motor. The
motor mounting
is
adjustable vertically and can be
pivoted in an arc for the purpose of regulating belt
tension and alignment. The complete motor and
mounting assembly
is
easily removed for repair or
renewal.
The drive shaft extends over the length of the
machine approximately on a level with the card line
(Figure
are used for the purpose of gearing to the
13).
Worms cut at intervals on the shaft
feed
roll
shafts, which run at right angles to the drive shaft.
Except for the first 3
sets
of feed rolls, only the lower
feed rolls are gear driven; the upper rolls are friction
driven from the lower rolls. Located at the right end
of the drive shaft (rear view)
is
a thrust bearing which
aids in absorbing the thrust developed in the shaft.
This bearing must be kept well lubricated.
Declutching Hand Wheel (Figure 14)
Mounted on the left end (rear view) of the drive
shaft
is
a hand wheel which
is
used
to turn the drive
shaft over manually when checking machine adjustments and timing. The hand wheel
engaged from the drive shaft
left (rear view)
by
the pin in the shaft striking the
as
ratchet teeth on the handwheel
In
this manner, the handwheel
the machine
is
in operation, thus eliminating a possible
safety hazard. To revolve the shaft
is
normally
it
is
cammed
as
the shaft revolves.
does
not turn when
by
hand, it
to
dis-
the
is
necessary to push the handwheel farther onto the
shaft while turning it clockwise, causing the ratchet
teeth to engage the pin.
Figure 14.
Reverse Lock (Figure 15)
Declutching
Hand
Wheel
Machines may be equipped with a reverse lock on
the pulley end of the drive shaft which prevents the
possibility of turning the drive shaft backwards and
caus-
ing damage to the commutator and card brushes. This
A housing over the end of the horizontal shaft
held in place
tained in this housing
by
four
screws.
by
The handwheel
a ring type expansion spring
is
re-
around its shank. This spring expands into a shallow
channel inside the housing when the shank of the
hand wheel
housing
inserting the shank of the handwheel.
is
inserted in it. A beveled edge on the
aids
in compressing the spring to facilitate
If
it
is
desired
to remove the hand wheel, a sharp rap to the left
(rear view) with a mallet or hammer handle will
cause compression of the retaining spring and allow
it to slip through the smaller opening at the end of
the housing. Figure 14 shows the housing removed
and the handwheel inserted over the end
of
the shaft.
is
Figure 15.
Reverse
Lock
18
CARD
SORTING
MACHINE,
TYPE
82
reverse lock
is
in the form of a ratchet knurl cut on the
rim of the drive pulley. A locking pawl operates against
is
the pulley when the force of motion
direction (viewed from the pulley
any actual rotation of the pulley.
is
rotation
end),
counterclockwise (viewed from the pulley
the locking pawl
is
held away from the knurled
end),
When
in a clockwise
thus preventing
the direction of
edge through the action of the pawl operating arm.
The pawl operating arm
actuated
by
a friction contact
is
with the drive pulley. The knurled teeth on the rim
of
the pulley are fine enough to prevent any appre-
ciable motion when the reverse lock operates. Any older
80 machines which are not equipped with the
Type
declutching type of handwheel should have a reverse
lock mechanism.
Feed
Knives
The
(Figures 16, 17, 17A)
feed
knives, in conjunction with the roller
throat assembly, are designed to feed one card at a
time from the card magazine. The roller throat
assem-
bly consists of a vertical knife whose lower edge
set parallel
assembly
to
a cylindrical steel roller. The throat
is
adjusted to allow the passage of only one
card at a time through an opening between the knife
is
. edge and the roller. The roller assembly
equipped
with small oil wicks for continuous lubrication.
feed
Power to operate the
knives
the main drive shaft through the card
Figure
16.
Card
Magazine
is
obtained from
feed
worm gear
Figure
17A.
Feed
Knife
Drive
located near the handwheel (Figure
gear drives a crank shaft which,
13).
by
means of a con-
necting link, transforms the rotary motion of the
crankshaft to reciprocating motion of two feed levers.
is
One feed knife slide assembly
feed
lever and,
as
the
feed
is
engaged with each
levers reciprocate, the
knife slide assemblies travel back and forth in porous
bronze guides. Their speed of travel
is
per minute, thus enabling them to feed
per minute, one with each stroke to the left.
The component parts of
a feed knife slide
bly are shown in Figure 18. The knife holder
adjustable laterally in relation to the feed knife slide
feed
knife
is
and the
proper projection. (Carbolloy
adjustable vertically' for the
feed
knives are not
justable.) The knife slide pin furnishes the means of
engagement with the feed levers. The knife slide pins
are available in two
SIze
to
compensate for wear.
Since there
sorter, the
of their
is
no latching point in the drive of a
feed
knives may come to rest at any stage
feed
or return stroke when the machine
a standard
size
sizes;
stopped. Upon starting of the machine, however,
feed
that
knife stroke which
completed and,
as
the
was
interrupted will
feed
knives make their first
full length stroke to the left, one card will be picked
up
from the bottom of the pack in the card maga-
zine. This card
between the first set of
is
fed
through the roller throat and
feed
rolls
by
the movement
of the feed knives to the left (Figure
as
the card
feed
of
is
rolls, the
·firmly
feed
gripped between the first set
knives start their return stroke
This large
1300 strokes
650 cards
assem-
and an over-
17).
As
soon
feed
is
ad-
is
be
MECHANICAL
AND
ELECTRICAL
PRINCIPLES
19
Upper Front Card Guid"
Continuou.ly running Feed
to
pick another card from the bottom of the pack.
While the knives are returning, the
RollI
Fi~ure
first
Throat
17.
card con-
Feed
tinues its travel to the left under control of the
continuously running
knives
first
is
so
timed that,
card leaves the magazine, the second card
Feed
Knife
Slide Assembly
Fi~ure
18.
Feed
feed
rolls. The stroke of the
as
the trailing edge of the
Knife
Slide
Adjulting
Stud
~~~
cO
~j~
~
Feed
Knife
Holder
Knife
Slide
Assembly
Card
Feed
is
Knife
Knife
__
Knife
Operation
picked
throat, following the first card
This
Feed
The
up
process
Rolls
(Figure 19)
feed
Rear Card Guide Post
J«---t-l1
by
the knives and
is
repeated for the feeding of all cards.
Connecting
Link
is
fed through the
by
a distance of
rolls furnish the means of recelvmg the
cards from the feed knives and transporting them
past the card brush and sort magnet stations and on
to their proper pockets. There are fifteen sets of feed
rolls in the machine. The
first
three sets nearest to
the card magazine differ somewhat from the other
twelve.
All the upper
feed
rolls consist of two rubber rolls
pressed on a steel shaft. The first 3 upper rolls are
driven
shaft. The remaining
driven, but are driven
by
19-tooth worm gears meshed with the drive
12
upper rolls are not direct
by
friction from their matching
lower rolls. Except for the second position, each lower
feed
roll consists of two steel rolls pressed on a steel
shafr. At the second position, the lower feed rolls consist of two small auxiliary rolls mounted
on
shafrs and bolted to the side frame. These auxiliary rolls
%0".
separate
20
CARD
SO
RTING
MACHINE,
TYPE
8-=2
_________
_
Figure
are friction driven from the rubber rolls above them.
This arrangement
tion because the
prohibits the
first and third lower
is
necessary at the second lower posi-
size
and location of the contact roll
use
of a regular
feed
size
lower
rolls are driven
feed
by
roll. The
18-tooth
worm gears meshed with the drive shaft. All other
lower feed rolls, with the exception of the auxiliary
feed
rolls, are driven
Downward pressure
by
roll
shaft bearing.
means of flat tension springs on each feed roll
One exception
by
19-tooth gears.
is
applied
to
to
each upper feed
this, however,
is
the
first upper feed roll which employs 2 small spring
loaded plungers
furnish the downward tension
neces-
to
sary for gripping the card firmly. These small plungers
are recessed upwards into the front and rear magazine
frames. Note that the flat tension springs for the second
upper feed roll are shorter than those for the other feed
rolls. All feed rolls, with the exception of the auxiliary
rolls, run in removable porous bronze bearings set in the
side frames of the machine.
As
stated above, some
feed
rolls are driven from 18-
19.
Feed
RoIls
tooth gears while others are driven from 19-tooth gears.
From this, it will be apparent that the shafts with 18tooth gears will turn faster than those with 19-tooth
is
gears. Therefore, it
necessary that those feed rolls
having 19-tooth gears be enough larger in diameter
than the two having 18-tooth gears to make the peri-
pheral speeds of all rolls the same.
The first and third lower feed rolls, which are driven
by
18-tooth gears, make one complete revolution per
cycle.
It
is
card
necessary that these two shafts make
one revolution per cycle because the commutator
mounted on the first shaft and the armature knock-off
is
screw
mounted on the third shaft. The commutator
and the armature knockoff must stay in synchronism
with the movement of the card at all times.
by
All other geared rolls are driven
and make
18/19
of one revolution per card cycle.
19-tooth gears
This distributes the cutting effect of the cards on the
feed rolls since the leading edge of the card does not
strike the same spot on the feed rolls each cycle. The
is
contact roll
also driven
by
a 19-tooth gear. This aids
is
M E C
HAN I CAL
in the reduction of any possible arcing
by
AND
changing the
point of contact between the card brush and the contact
roll each card cycle.
is
The cutting effect of the card
more pronounced
at the first three feed roll stations than at any others.
For this reason, the rubber feed rolls at these stations
are equipped with metal flanges on either side of the
rubber rolls. These flanges serve to further prevent
by
knicking of the rubber rolls
as
it strikes the roll. At the same time, because of
deflecting the card
the position and diameter of the flanges, the rubber
portions of the rolls are permitted to exert pressure on
the card for feeding even though some wear has taken
place on the rubber rolls.
feed
All feed roll gears are fastened to their
by
shafts
hub.
means of two setscrews through each gear
On recent machines, a hole
is
provided in the rear
roll
magazine frame, permitting the entry of a setscrew
wrench to reach the setscrews in the first upper feed
roll gear.
Card
Levers
and Contacts (Figures 4, 19)
There are two card levers which operate
contact'S
to
govern machine circuits. Card lever 1 is located near
the
rear of the machine between the upper and lower
first
feed rolls and
as
the leading edge of the card enters the first feed rolIs.
Closing of card lever contact 1 allows the sorting
cuits
to
function if a hole
is
operated
to
close
:its
contact just
is
sensed in the card when it
cir-
passes under the card brush.
is
Card lever 2
between the second and third upper feed rolls and
operated to close its contacts
located near the rear of the machine·
is
as
the leading edge of the
card leaves the second feed roll. Closing of card lever
contact 2 governs two machine functions; one of which
is
to complete the circuits necessary for automatic
machine operation after the operator removes his finger
from the start
The second function
is
to maintain
key.
the sorting circuits during sorting of the last card in the
machine.
Once closed, the card lever contacts remain closed
during the time that cards are continuously feeding
through the machine, opening only when the machine
runs out of cards.
E L E C T R
lever
IC
ALP R INC
is
connected to the pocket stop shaft which
I P L E S
tends behind all the pockets at a position below the
13).
main drive shaft (Figure
An arm
the shaft at each pocket location (Figure
is
20)
tends under the stacker plate of the pocket in which it
positioned.
As cards collect in a pocket, their weight causes the
stacker plate on which they rest to lower against the
tension of the stacker spring inside the stacker tube.
When
cumulate in a pocket, the stacker plate
a sufficient number of cards (450 to
is
enough to operate against its pocket stop arm. This
pivots the pocket stop shaft, causing the contact
ing lever to open the pocket stop contact. Because the
is
pocket stop contact
in the circuit to the motor control
relay, opening of this contact causes the machine to stop.
is
When the machine
stopped because of the operation
of the pocket stop device, the runout feature of the
is
machine
as
soon
machine has been stopped
stop device,
rendered inoperative and the machine stops
as
its
inertia
it
can not be re-started
is
overcome
by
by
friction. Once the
the operation of the pocket
by
means of the start
key until the full pocket or pockets have been emptied.
It
is
important that the stacker plates and pocket stop
arms operate freely. Binding conditions in operation of
the pocket stop arms may be corrected
by
of the end bearings on the pocket stop shaft.
as
lubricate the stacker tubes
this causes sluggish action
because of the collection of dust particles on the tubes.
21
ex-
attached
and
to
ex-
is
550)
ac-
lowered far
operat-
adjustment
Do
not
Pocket Stop Device
The pocket stop mechanism consists of a normally
closed contact operated
by
a lever (Figure
19).
This
Fi~ure
:10.
Pocket
Stop
Levers
CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION
ALL
CIRCUITS described in the electrical principles of
Type 82 Card Sorting Machine will refer to wiring
the
diagram
plained will
AC, single phase machine
machine most prominently
for machines using a power supply other than
AC, single phase will
layout except
resistors, filter capacitors, or a transformer
chine power supply. These discrepancies in machine
wiring are noted
diagram.
Direct current
machine circuits with the exception of the motor
cuits and the tube heater circuits. Where the source
voltage
of extra resistors where the DC rating
Where the source voltage
rectifiers are employed to convert the
NOTE:
may
except for
the frame grounded at all
be
the switch
301701-D (Figure
be
the circuits incorporated in a 115 volt
be
for
the addition or subtraction of various
in
sections 3,
is
required
is
DC, there
The machine frame should
be
ungrounded at the customer's option; however,
230 volt DC machines, which must have
touched
by
is
on and the frame grounded.
is
operating personnel can
55).
Those circuits
since
this
is
the type of
in
use
in the
field.
Circuits
115
found to be very similar in
in the
4,
5 and 6 of the wiring
for
the operation of all
no problem except for the
is
230 volts.
is
AC however, selenium
AC
to
DC.
be
grounded.
times.
No point which can
be
hot when
ex-
volt
ma-
cir-
use
It
The connection of selenium rectifiers in an AC
cuit permits current
though the
converting alternating current to pulsating direct
rent. However, because of the limitation in reverse
voltage which each
discs
order to properly rectify a normal source voltage of
115
volts AC which has a peak inverse voltage of
proximately 150 volts. Full wave bridge rectifier circuits with filter capacitors and bleeder resistors are
used
machines.
The rectifier output voltage should be between
and
145
200, or 230 volts), with the machine stopped and the
sort magnet continuously energized.
Duo Relays
Duo relays used
with various arrangements of contact points
makeup. For
finite nomenclature
the relay and on the wiring diagram. Figure
AC
must
be
most commonly in the power supplies of IBM
volts at the
this reason, the contacts
to
flow
in
one direction only, even
voltage reverses each half
disc
can effectively block, several
connected in
in
to
series
with each other in
specified
IBM machines are constructed
differentiate between them on
input voltage ( 115,
are
cycle;
given a def-
21
in
shows
cir-
thus
cur-
ap-
135
their
Selenium Rectifiers
The selenium dry
made of a steel or aluminum
otherwise coated to prevent rust. On one
disc
is
deposited
is
sprayed a metallic conductive coating of low tem-
perature alloy. Where the selenium and the low
perature alloy meet, a barrier layer
special
electron
electrode but restricts electron
direction.
at present. In one type, each
18 volts
disc will effectively block 26 volts in. the reverse
reotion. There
of each type.
process.
flow
There are two
in
the reverse direction; in the other type, each
disc
rectifier
a thin coating of selenium, over which
It
is
this barrier layer which permits
from the coated electrode to the steel
types
of selenium
is
no visual difference
disc
consists
disc,
of an electrode
nickel plated or
is
formed
flow
in the reverse
discs
in
will
effeccively
in
the appearance
side
use
of the
by
block
tem-
by
IBM
di-
AU
AL
a
Armature
Fj~ure
~
21.
Duo
~"/C
,-_-Coli
Relay
Nomenclature
BU
BL
22
CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION
23
an armature end
view
of a standard duo relay with the
different contact points properly identified.
Glossary
of
Terms
and
Abbreviations
Listed below are some of the terms and abbreviations
used
in connection with the Type 82 wiring diagram.
NjC
NjO
OjP
VI
VI-4
AC
DC
R2
TD
MC
MC-BL
TD-BU
Time Delay Relay
A time delay relay
render the
Normally Closed Point
Normally Open Point
Operating Point
Tube I .
Tube
1,
Alternating Current
Direct Current
Resistor 2
Time Delay
Motor Control
Motor Control Relay
Time Delay Relay
is
employed in the machine
staJlt
key
inoperative for 50 to 60
Pin 4
BU
BL
Point
Point
to
seconds
after turning on the main line switch. This delay
necessary to allow the electron tube filaments to reach
operating temperature before sorting begins.
strap, composed of two dissimilar metals,
A contact
is
heated by
passing current through a coil of wire wrapped around
the strap. Heating of this strap
definite direction and, after having
enough distance, a contact point riveted
causes
it to flex in a
flexed
a great
1:0 the strap
makes contact with another adjustable contact point
and completes a circuit to pick
The duration of time required
be
relay to pick may
air gap between the A points
the
altered
up the time delay relay.
to
cause the time delay
by
increasing or decreasing
by
means of the
ad-
justing screw on the outer contact strap.
Relay
Gate
and
Electronic Chassis
The relay gate
right
end of the machine and may
for ease of servicing (Figure
keeps the gate locked in
is
located behind the cover on the
be
pivoted outward
22).
A latch mechanism
its
closed position at all other
times.
The electronic
the relay gate
connected
to
chassis
by
means of 4 screws.
the rest of me machine circuits through
is
mechanically fastened
It
is
to
electrically
an octal plug and tube socket.
NOTE:
The following change should be made
the octal plug of machines wired prior to wiring diagram 301701-C,
to
301701-C, may
so
that
be
chassis
used:
301639, which
pins 6 and 8 must be
jumpered in the octal plug to provide a circuit from
the cathodes
negative
connected
is
wired to 301701-C. This change should not be made
of
the 25L6 sort magnet tubes to the
side
of the
DC
circuit. These cathodes are
separately to pin 8 on chassis 301639, which
on machines with special features without first checking
the special feature wiring diagram
used
to separate these special circuits from the standard
as
pin 8
wiring on pin 6.
Figure
23
shows
a bottom view of the electronic
chassis.
Tube Filaments
Upon closing of the main line switch, a
completed to the filaments of the vacuum tubes
follows: one side of the power outlet, through relay
panel terminal
or fnsetton, 2 ampere
filaments of vacuum tubes
is
octal plug terminal
rectifier stack, through the 2 ampere
fuse
or fusetron, main line switch, relay panel terminal
I,
the main line switch, main line
fuse,
octal plug terminal 7, the
5,
6,
4, 3 and 2 in series.
2,
relay panel terminal 9, to the
fuse,
2, to the other side of the power outlet.
DC
Machine Circuit
The
DC
supply for operation of machine functional
circuits
through relay panel terminal
main line
is
as
follows: from one
fuse
or fusetron, 2 ampere
side
of the power outlet,
1,
the main line switch,
fuse,
the selenium rectifier, the minus terminal of the rectifier,
to
DC
circuit terminal 14 constituting the minus
side of the line. A similar circuit can
the plus
constituting the plus
side
of the rectifier to DC circuit terminal 13
A filter capacitor
side
of the line.
is
connected
be
across
the minus and
plus terminals of the selenium rectifier to steady its
output.
A bleeder resistor
is
connected
terminals of the capacitor to bleed out the charge on
the condenser after the main line switch
Since relay panel terminal 14 constitutes the minus
DC
side of the
13
constitutes the plus side of the
circuit supply and relay panel terminal
DC
circuit supply, all
subsequent functional circuits described herein
begin at terminal 14 and end at terminal 13.
is
wired
is
often
cirCUit
fuse
main line
one leg
seen through
is
turned
across
the
off.
will
to
15
as
of
Figure 22.
Relay
Gate
and
Electronic Chassis
Figure 23.
Bottom
View
24
of
Electronic
Chassis
CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION
25
Time
As
cuit
STARTING
Delay Relay
soon
as
is
immediately completed
AND RUNNING
the main line switch
to
CIRCUITS
is
turned on, a cir-
the filaments of the
tubes and through the heating element on the TD-A
strap of the time delay relay. The circuit through the
heating element
14, through the jumper
TD-BL point
is
as
follows: from
in place of R6, R8,
N/C,
to the TD-A point, to
DC
circuit terminal
TD
DC
heater,
circuit
terminal 13. Current flowing through the heating
element
causes
the TD-A strap to
flex
and close the
TD-A point.
Closing of the TD-A point completes a circuit
through the time delay relay coil, thus causing· the
relay to attract its armature and transfer
Opening of the TD-BL
to
the heating element, thus allowing the TD-A point
to
return
to
its
N/O
cools. Closing of the TD-BL
holding circuit
Once it
is
to
picked, the time delay relay remains energized
until the main line switch
Motor Control Relay
N/C
point breaks the circuit
position
as
soon
as
N/O
point completes a
the coil of the time delay relay.
is
turned
off.
its
points.
the TD-A strap
After cards have been inserted in the card magazine
and the time
start
key
relay
as
delay relay
has
picked, depression of the
completes a circuit to pick the motor control
follows: from
DC
terminal 14, through relay
panel terminal 8, contact roll cover switch 2 (closed
when the contact roll cover
jumper
across
R5, TD-BU, stop
tact, motor control relay, start
switch
1,
to
The start
TD-A, terminal 13.
key
must
be
reach a position to close card lever contact
card lever contact 2
to
the motor control relay
14, through terminal
terminal 7, jumper
closes,
8,
across
stop contact, motor control relay,
lever contact
cover switch
2,
to the start
1,
to
Tn-A,
control relay has been picked and
established, it remains energized until the stop
depressed, the pocket stop device
tact roll
. cover
is
raised, or the machine runs out of
is
down), terminal 7,
key,
pocket stop con-
key,
contact roll cover
held depressed until the cards
2.
When
a hold circuit
as
follows: from terminal
is
completed
contact roll cover switch
R5, TD-BU, stop
MC-AL,
key,
through contact roll
key,
pocket
outer card
terminal 13. Once the motor
its
hold circuit
key
is
activated, the con-
cards and the runout capacitor discharges.
2,
Motor Relay and Drive Motor
As
soon
as
the motor control relay
depression of the start
and a circuit
relay
as
is
completed
follows: from terminal
contact roll cover switch
terminal 6, card lever contact
contact roll cover switch
Pick
of the motor relay closes
pletes a circuit to the drive motor
one
side
of the power outlet, through terminal
main line switch, main line
key,
the
MC-BL
to
pick and hold the motor
14,
through terminal 8,
2,
motor relay,
2,
start
1,
to
TD-A, terminal 13.
its
points and com-
as
fuse
or fusetron, terminal
12, drive motor, terminal 11, motor relay points, main
line fuse or fusetron, main line switch, terminal
the other
As
drive motor will continue
long
side
of the power outlet.
as
the motor relay remains energized, the
to
run. The motor relay
will be de-energized, however, when the stop
depressed, the pocket stop contact opens, the machine
runs out of cards, or the contact roll cover
The motor relay
is
a heavy duty relay with two large
contact point surfaces which can withstand the arc
occurring when the circuit
to
the drive motor
or broken.
The later type 82 machines are equipped with a
HP
motor, while the earlier machines are equipped with
a
Y2
HP
motor. The
starting current than does the
Runout
Capacitor
Y2
HP
motor draws a larger
Y3
HP
motor.
Upon the pickup of the motor control relay and
subsequent closing of card lever comact
capacitor
flow
through
is
charged in the following manner: electrons
from the minus
MC-AU, terminal 17,
DC
terminal 14, to terminal 8,
to
one plate of the
capacitor, thus depositing on that plate an
electrons. From the
electrons
are
repelled through terminal 21, the 10,000
opposite
plate of the capacitor,
ohm variable resistor, terminal 22, the 1000 ohm
resistor, to MC-AL, through card lever contact 2,
contact roll cover switch
1,
to terminal 13, thus creat-
ing a deficiency of electrons on the latter plate.
Once charged, the capacitor retains this charge, approximately equal in amount to the potential present
across
is
2 opens. Opening of card lever contact 2 removes the
terminals
13
and 14, until card lever contact
potential impressed on the runout capacitor, allowing
it
to
discharge through the motor control relay in the
following manner: electrons leave the minus plate of
is
picked by
point closes
MC-BL,
key,
to
through
follows: from
1,
the
2,
to
key
is
is
raised.
is
made
13
2,
the runout
excess
of
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