Husqvarna 445, 450e User Manual
Oper ator ′ s manual
445 445e 450e
Please r ead the operator’s manual carefully and make sure you understand the instructions
before using the machine.
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EEEEnnnngggglllliiiisssshh
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KEY T O SYMBOLS
Symbols on the mac hine:
ARNING! Chain saws can be
dangerous! Careless or incorrect use can
result in serious or fatal injury to the
operator or others.
Please read the operator’s manual
carefully and make sure you
understand the instructions before
using the machine.
Always wear:
• Approved protective helmet
• Approved hearing protection
• Protective goggles or a visor
This product is in accordance with
applicable EC directives.
Noise emission to the environment
according to the European
Community’s Directive. The machine’s
emission is specified in chapter
Technical data and on label.
Other symbols/decals on the mac hine refer to special
certification requirements for certain markets.
Symbols in the operator’ s manual:
Switch off the engine bef ore
carrying out any checks or
maintenance. CAUTION! The
start/stop switch automatically
returns to run position. In order to
prevent unintentional starting, the
spark plug cap must be removed from the spark plug
when assembling, checking and/or performing
maintenance.
Always wear approved protective
gloves.
Regular cleaning is required.
Visual check.
Protective goggles or a visor must be
worn.
Refuelling.
– English
Filling with oil and adjusting oil flow.
The chain brake must be engaged
when the chain saw is started.
WARNING! Kickback may occur when
the nose or tip of the guide bar touches
an object, and cause a lightning fast
reverse reaction, kicking the guide bar up
and towards the operator. May cause
serious personal injury.
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CONTENTS
Contents
KEY TO SYMBOLS
Symbols on the machine: 2
Symbols in the operator’s manual: 2
CONTENTS
Contents
INTR ODUCTION
Dear Customer , 4
WHA T IS WHAT?
What is what on the chain sa w? 5
GENERAL SAFETY PRECA UTIONS
Bef ore using a new chain saw 6
Important 6
Always use common sense 7
Personal protective equipment 7
Machine ′ s safety equipment 7
Cutting equipment 11
ASSEMBL Y
Fitting the bar and chain
FUEL HANDLING
Fuel
Fuelling
Fuel saf ety 20
ARTING AND STOPPING
Star ting and stopping 21
ORKING TECHNIQUES
Bef ore use: 23
General working instructions 23
How to avoid kickback 29
MAINTENANCE
Gener al 31
Carburettor adjustment 31
Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw
safety equipment
Muffler 33
Starter 34
Air filter 35
Spark plug 36
Lubricating the bar tip sprocket 36
Needle bearing lubrication 36
Cooling system 36
”Air Injection” centrifugal cleaning 37
Winter use 37
Maintenance schedule 38
TECHNICAL D ATA
echnical data 39
Bar and chain combinations 40
Saw chain filing and file gauges 40
EC-declaration of conformity 41
T
31
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English
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4
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INTR ODUCTION
Dear Customer ,
Cong ratulations on your choice to buy a Husqvarna product! Husqvarna is based on a tradition that dates back to 1689,
when the Swedish King Karl XI ordered the construction of a factory on the banks of the Husqvarna River, for production
of muskets. The location was logical, since water power was harnessed from the Huskvarna River to create the waterpowered plant. During the more than 300 years of beeing, the Husqvarna factory has produced a lot of different products,
from wood stoves to modern kitchen appliances, sewing machines, bicycles, motorcycles etc. In 1956, the first motor
driven lawn mowers appeared, followed by chain saws in 1959, and it is within this area Husqvarna is working today.
Today Husqvarna is one of the leading manufacturers in the world of forest and garden products, with quality as our
highest priority. The business concept is to develop, manufacture and market motor driven products for forestry and
gardening as well as for building and construction industry. Husqvarna
ergonomics, usability, security and environmental protection. That is the reason why we have developed many different
features to provide our products within these areas.
We are convinced that you will appreciate with great satisfaction the quality and performance of our product for a very
long time to come. The purchase of one of our products gives you access to professional help with repairs and service
whenever this may be necessary. If the retailer who sells your machine is not one of our authorised dealers, ask for the
address of your nearest service workshop.
It is our wish that you will be satisfied with your product and that it will be your companion for a long time. Think of this
operator
s manual as a valuable document. By following its ′ content (using, service, maintenance etc) the life span and
the second-hand value of the machine can be extended. If you will sell this machine, make sure that the buyer will get
the operator
Thank you for using a Husqvarna product.
Husqvarna AB has a policy of continuous product development and therefore reserves the right to modify the design and
appearance of products without prior notice.
s manual.
s aim is also to be in the front edge according to
– English
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WHA T IS WHA T?
1
What is what on the c hain saw?
Cylinder cover
2 Decompression valve
3 Air purge
4 Start reminder
5 Combined start and stop switch
6 Rear handle
7 Information and warning decal
8 Fuel tank
9 Adjuster screws carburettor
10 Starter handle
11 Starter
12 Chain oil tank
13 Product and serial number plate
14 Felling direction mark
15 Front handle
16 Front hand guard
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17 Muffler
18 Chain
19 Bar tip sprocket
20 Bar
21 Spike bumper
22 Chain catcher
23 Chain tensioning screw
24 Clutch cover
25 Right hand guard
26 Throttle control
27 Throttle lockout
28 Chain tensioner wheel (445e, 450e)
29 Knob (445e, 450e)
30 Operator ′ s manual
31 Bar guard
32 Combination spanner
English – 5
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6
GENERAL SAFETY PRECA UTIONS
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Bef ore using a new chain saw
Please read this manual carefully.
• Check that the cutting equipment is correctly fitted and
adjusted. See instructions under the heading
Assembly.
• Refuel and start the chain saw. See the instructions
under the headings Fuel Handling and Starting and
Stopping.
• Do not use the chain saw until sufficient chain oil has
reached the chain. See instructions under the heading
Cutting equipment.
• Long-term exposure to noise can result in permanent
hearing impairment. So always use approved hearing
protection.
ARNING! Under no circumstances may
the design of the machine be modified
!
without the permission of the
manufacturer. Always use genuine
accessories. Non-authorized
modifications and/or accessories can
result in serious personal injury or the
death of the operator or others.
ARNING! A chain saw is a dangerous
tool if used carelessly or incorrectly and
!
can cause serious, even fatal injuries. It
is very important that you read and
understand the contents of this
operator’s manual.
ARNING! The inside of the muffler
contain chemicals that may be
!
carcinogenic. Avoid contact with these
elements in the event of a damaged
muffler.
ARNING! Long term inhalation of the
engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist
!
and dust from sawdust can represent a
health risk.
ARNING! Never allow children to use or
be in the vicinity of the machine. As the
machine is equipped with a springloaded stop switch and can be started by
low speed and force on the starter
handle, even small children under some
circumstances can produce the force
necessary to start the machine. This can
mean a risk of serious personal injury.
Therefore remove the spark plug cap
when the machine is not under close
supervision.
Impor tant
IMPOR TANT!
The machine is only designed for cutting wood.
You should only use the saw with the bar and chain
combinations we recommend in the chapter Technical
data.
Never use the machine if you are fatigued, while under
the influence of alcohol or drugs, medication or anything
that could affect your vision, alertness, coordination or
judgement.
Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions
under the heading Personal protective equipment.
Do not modify this product or use it if it appears to have
been modified by others.
Never use a machine that is faulty. Carry out the checks,
maintenance and service instructions described in this
manual. Some maintenance and service measures
must be carried out by trained and qualified specialists.
See instructions under the heading Maintenance.
Never use any accessories other than those
recommended in this manual. See instructions under
the headings Cutting equipment and Technical data.
CAUTION! Always wear protective glasses or a face
visor to reduce the risk of injury from thrown objects. A
chain saw is capable of throwing objects, such as wood
chips, small pieces of wood, etc, at great force. This can
result in serious injury, especially to the eyes.
!
– English
ARNING! The ignition system of this
machine produces an electromagnetic
field during operation. This field may
under some circumstances interfere with
pacemakers. To reduce the risk of
serious or fatal injury, we recommend
persons with pacemakers to consult
their physician and the pacemaker
manufacturer before operating this
machine.
ARNING! Running an engine in a
confined or badly ventilated area can
result in death due to asphyxiation or
carbon monoxide poisoning.
ARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or
the wrong combination of bar and saw
chain increases the risk of kickback!
Only use the bar/saw chain combinations
we recommend, and follow the filing
instructions. See instructions under the
heading Technical data.
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECA UTIONS
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ways use common sense
It is not possib le to cover every conceivable situation you
can face when using a chain saw. Always exercise care and
use your common sense. Avoid all situations which you
consider to be beyond your capability. If you still feel
uncertain about operating procedures after reading these
instructions, you should consult an expert before continuing.
Do not hesitate to contact your dealer or us if you have any
questions about the use of the chain saw. We will willingly be
of service and provide you with advice as well as help you to
use your chain saw both efficiently and safely. Attend a
training course in chain saw usage if possible. Your dealer,
forestry school or your library can provide information about
which training materials and courses are available.
Work is constantly in progress to improve the design and
technology - improvements that increase your safety and
efficiency. Visit your dealer regularly to see whether you
can benefit from new features that have been introduced.
ersonal protective equipment
WARNING! Most chain saw accidents
happen when the chain touches the
!
operator. You must use approved
personal protective equipment whenever
you use the machine. Personal protective
equipment cannot eliminate the risk of
injury but it will reduce the degree of
injury if an accident does happen. Ask
your dealer for help in choosing the right
equipment.
• Protective goggles or a visor
• Gloves with saw protection
• Trousers with saw protection
• Boots with saw protection, steel toe-cap and non-slip
sole
• Always have a first aid kit nearby.
• Fire Extinguisher and Shovel
Generally clothes should be close-fitting without
restricting your freedom of movement.
IMPORTANT! Sparks can come from the muffler, the bar
and chain or other sources. Always have fire
extinguishing tools available if you should need them.
Help prevent forest fires.
Machine′′′′s safety equipment
In this section the machine’s safety features and their
function are explained. For inspection and maintenance
see instructions under the heading Checking, maintaining
and servicing chain saw safety equipment. See
instructions under the heading, What is what?, to find
where these parts are located on your machine.
The life span of the machine can be reduced and the risk
of accidents can increase if machine maintenance is not
carried out correctly and if service and/or repairs are not
carried out professionally. If you need further information
please contact your nearest service workshop.
WARNING! Never use a machine with
defective safety components. Safety
equipment must be inspected and
maintained. See instructions under the
heading Checking, maintaining and
servicing chain saw safety equipment. If
your machine does not pass all the
checks, take the saw to a servicing
dealer for repair.
Chain brake and front hand guard
Your chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is
designed to stop the chain if you get a kickback. The chain
brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only you can
prevent them.
7
Al
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• Approved protective helmet
• Hearing protection
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Take care when using your saw and make sure the
kickback zone of the bar never touches any object.
English
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
• The chain brake (A) can either be activated manually
(by your left hand) or automatically by the inertia
release mechanism.
• The brake is applied when the front hand guard (B) is
pushed forwards.
• This movement activates a spring-loaded mechanism
that tightens the brake band (C) around the engine
drive system (D) (clutch drum).
• The front hand guard is not designed solely to activate
the chain brake. Another important feature is that it
reduces the risk of your left hand hitting the chain if
you lose grip of the front handle.
activated for long periods. The chain saw can become
very hot.
• To release the chain brake pull the front hand guard
backwards, towards the front handle.
• Kickback can be very sudden and violent. Most
kickbacks are minor and do not always activate the
chain brake. If this happens you should hold the chain
saw firmly and not let go.
• The chain brake must be engaged when the chain
saw is started to prevent the saw chain from rotating.
• Use the chain brake as a ”parking brake” when
starting and when moving over short distances, to
reduce the risk of moving chain accidentally hitting
your leg or anyone or anything close by. Do not leave
the chain saw switched on with the chain brake
8 – English
• The way the chain brake is activated, either manually
or automatically by the inertia release mechanism,
depends on the force of the kickback and the position
of the chain saw in relation to the object that the
kickback zone of the bar strikes.
If you get a violent kickback while the kickback zone of
the bar is farthest away from you the chain brake is
designed to be activated by the inertia in the kickback
direction.
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
If the kickback is less violent or the kickback zone of
the bar is closer to you the chain brake will be
activated manually by the movement of your left hand.
• In the felling position the left hand is in a position that
makes manual activation of the chain brake
impossible. With this type of grip, that is when the left
hand is placed so that it cannot affect the movement
of the front hand guard, the chain brake can only be
activated by the inertia action.
Will my hand always activate the chain brake during a kickback?
No. It takes a certain force to move the hand guard
forward. If your hand only lightly touches the front guard
or slips over it, the force may not be enough to trigger the
chain brake. You should also maintain a firm grip of the
chain saw handles while working. If you do and
experience a kickback, your hand may never leave the
front handle and will not activate the chain brake, or the
chain brake will only activate after the saw has swung
around a considerable distance. In such instances, the
chain brake might not have enough time to stop the saw
chain before it touches you.
There are also certain positions in which your hand
cannot reach the front hand guard to activate the chain
brake; for example, when the saw chain is held in felling
position.
Will my inetria activated chain brake always activate during kickback in the event of a kickback?
No. First your brake must be in working order. Testing the
brake is simple, see instructions under the heading
Checking, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety
equipment. We recommend you do before you begin each
work session. Second the kickback must be strong
enough to activate the chain brake. If the chain brake is
too sensitive it would activate all the time which would be
a nuisance.
Will my chain brake always protect me from injury in the event of a kickback?
No. First, the chain brake must be in working order to
provide the intended protection. Second, it must be
activated during the kickback as described above to stop
the saw chain. Third, the chain brake may be activated but
if the bar is too close to you the brake might not have
enough time to slow down and stop the chain before the
chain saw hits you.
Only you and proper working technique can eliminate
kickback and its danger.
Throttle lockout
The throttle lockout is designed to prevent accidental
operation of the throttle control. When you press the lock
(A) (i.e. when you grasp the handle) it releases the throttle
control (B). When you release the handle the throttle
control and the throttle lockout both move back to their
original positions. This arrangement means that the
throttle control is automatically locked at the idle setting.
Chain catcher
The chain catcher is designed to catch the chain if it snaps
or jumps off. This should not happen if the chain is
properly tensioned (see instructions under the heading
Assembly) and if the bar and chain are properly serviced
and maintained (see instructions under the heading
General working instructions).
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English – 9
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
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Right hand guard
Apart from protecting your hand if the chain jumps or
snaps, the right hand guard stops branches and twigs
from interfering with your grip on the rear handle.
Vibration damping system
Your machine is equipped with a vibration damping
system that is designed to minimize vibration and make
operation easier.
Stop switch
Use the stop switch to switch off the engine.
Muffler
The muffler is designed to keep noise levels to a minimum
and to direct exhaust fumes away from the user.
WARNING! The exhaust fumes from the
engine are hot and may contain sparks
which can start a fire. Never start the
machine indoors or near combustible
material!
The machine′s vibration damping system reduces the
transfer of vibration between the engine unit/cutting
equipment and the machine
chain saw, including the cutting equipment, is insulated
from the handles by vibration damping units.
Cutting hardwoods (most broadleaf trees) creates more
vibration than cutting softwoods (most conifers). Cutting
with cutting equipment that is blunt or faulty (wrong type
or badly sharpened) will increase the vibration level.
WARNING! Overexposure to vibration
can lead to circulatory damage or nerve
!
damage in people who have impaired
circulation. Contact your doctor if you
experience symptoms of overexposure
to vibration. Such symptoms include
numbness, loss of feeling, tingling,
pricking, pain, loss of strength, changes
in skin colour or condition. These
symptoms normally appear in the
fingers, hands or wrists. These
symptoms may be increased in cold
temperatures.
′s handle unit. The body of the
In areas with a hot, dry climate there is a high risk of fires.
These areas are sometimes subject to government rules
requiring among other things the muffler must be
equipped with an approved type of spark arrestor mesh.
CAUTION! The muffler gets very hot during and after
use. This also applies during idling. Be aware of the fire
hazard, especially when working near flammable
substances and/or vapours.
WARNING! Never use a saw without a
muffler, or with a damaged muffler. A
damaged muffler may substantially
increase the noise level and the fire
hazard. Keep fire fighting equipment
handy. If a spark arrestor screen is
required in your area, never use the saw
without or with a broken spark arrestor
screen.
10 – English
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
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Cutting equipment
This section describes how to choose and maintain your
cutting equipment in order to:
• Reduce the risk of kickback.
• Reduce the risk of the saw chain breaking or jumping
off the bar.
• Obtain optimal cutting performance.
• Extend the life of cutting equipment.
• Avoid increasing vibration levels.
General rules
• Only use cutting equipment recommended by us!
See instructions under the heading Technical data.
• Keep the chain’s cutting teeth properly
sharpened! Follow our instructions and use the
recommended file gauge.
sharpened chain increases the risk of accidents.
• Maintain the correct depth gauge setting! Follow
our instructions and use the recommended depth
gauge clearance.
the risk of kickback.
• Keep the chain properly tensioned! If the chain is
slack it is more likely to jump off and lead to increased
wear on the bar, chain and drive sprocket.
A damaged or badly
Too large a clearance increases
Cutting equipment designed to reduce kickback
WARNING! Faulty cutting equipment or
the wrong combination of bar and saw
chain increases the risk of kickback!
Only use the bar/saw chain combinations
we recommend, and follow the filing
instructions. See instructions under the
heading Technical data.
The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the
kickback zone of the bar never touches anything.
By using cutting equipment with ”built-in” kickback
reduction and keeping the chain sharp and wellmaintained you can reduce the effects of kickback.
Bar
The smaller the tip radius the lower the chance of
kickback.
Chain
A chain is made up of a number of links, which are
available in standard and low-kickback versions.
IMPORTANT! No saw chain design eliminates the
danger of kickback.
WARNING! Any contact with a rotating
saw chain can cause extremely serious
injuries.
Some terms that describe the bar and chain
To maintain the safety features of the cutting equipment,
you should replace a worn or damaged bar or chain with
a bar and chain combinations recommended by
Husqvarna. See instructions under the heading Technical
Data for a list of replacement bar and chain combinations
we recommend.
Bar
• Length (inches/cm)
• Keep cutting equipment well lubricated and
properly maintained!
more likely to break and lead to increased wear on the
bar, chain and drive sprocket.
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A poorly lubricated chain is
• Number of teeth on bar tip sprocket (T).
• Chain pitch (inches). The spacing between the drive
links of the chain must match the spacing of the teeth
on the bar tip sprocket and drive sprocket.
English – 11
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
!
• Number of drive links. The number of drive links is
determined by the length of the bar, the chain pitch
and the number of teeth on the bar tip sprocket.
• A sharp chain eats its way through the wood and
produces long, thick chips or shavings.
• Bar groove width (inches/mm). The groove in the bar
must match the width of the chain drive links.
• Chain oil hole and hole for chain tensioner. The bar
must be matched to the chain saw design.
Chain
• Chain pitch (inches)
• Drive link width (mm/inches)
• Number of drive links.
Sharpening your chain and adjusting depth gauge setting
General information on sharpening cutting teeth
• Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you
have to exert more pressure to force the bar through
the wood and the chips will be very small. If the chain
is very blunt it will produce wood powder and no chips
or shavings.
•
The cutting part of the chain is called the cutter and
consists of a cutting tooth (A) and the depth gauge (B).
The cutters cutting depth is determined by the difference
in height between the two (depth gauge setting).
When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are four important
factors to remember.
1 Filing angle
2 Cutting angle
3 File position
4 Round file diameter
It is very difficult to sharpen a chain correctly without the
right equipment. We recommend that you use our file
gauge. This will help you obtain the maximum kickback
reduction and cutting performance from your chain.
See instructions under the heading Technical data for
information about sharpening your chain.
WARNING! Departure from the
sharpening instructions considerably
increases the risk of kickback.
12 – English
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Sharpening cutting teeth
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GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Adjustment of depth gauge setting
To sharpen cutting teeth you will need a round file and a
file gauge. See instructions under the heading Technical
data for information on the size of file and gauge that are
recommended for the chain fitted to your chain saw.
• Check that the chain is correctly tensioned. A slack
chain will move sideways, making it more difficult to
sharpen correctly.
• Always file cutting teeth from the inside face. Reduce
the pressure on the return stroke. File all the teeth on
one side first, then turn the chain saw over and file the
teeth on the other side.
• File all the teeth to the same length. When the length
of the cutting teeth is reduced to 4 mm (0.16") the
chain is worn out and should be replaced.
• The cutting teeth should be newly sharpened before
adjusting the depth gauge setting. We recommend
that you adjust the depth gauge setting every third
time you sharpen the cutting teeth. NOTE! This
recommendation assumes that the length of the
cutting teeth is not reduced excessively.
• You will need a flat file and a depth gauge tool. We
recommend that you use our depth gauge tool to
acheive the correct depth gauge setting and bevel for
the depth gauge.
• Place the depth gauge tool over the chain. Detailed
information regarding the use of the depth gauge tool,
will be found on the package for the depth gauge tool.
Use the flat file to file off the tip of the depth gauge that
protrudes through the depth gauge tool. The depth
gauge setting is correct when you no longer feel
resistance as you draw the file along the depth gauge
tool.
Tensioning the chain
General advice on adjusting depth gauge setting
• When you sharpen the cutting tooth (A) the depth
gauge setting (C) will decrease. To maintain optimal
cutting performance the depth gauge (B) has to be
filed down to achieve the recommended depth gauge
setting. See instructions under the heading Technical
data to find the correct depth gauge setting for your
particular chain.
WARNING! The risk of kickback is
increased if the depth gauge setting is
!
too large!
115 10 81-26 Rev.2 2008-01-11
WARNING! A slack chain may jump off
and cause serious or even fatal injury.
The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is
therefore important to adjust the chain regularly to take up
the slack.
Check the chain tension every time you refuel. NOTE! A
new chain has a running-in period during which you
should check the tension more frequently.
Tension the chain as tightly as possible, but not so tight
that you cannot pull it round freely by hand.
English – 13
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
445
• Loosen the bar nut that holds the clutch cover and
chain brake. Use the combination spanner. Then
retighten the bar nut as tightly as you can by hand.
• Raise the tip of the bar and stretch the chain by
tightening the chain tensioning screw using the
combination spanner. Tighten the chain until it does
not sag from the underside of the bar.
• Use the combination spanner to tighten the bar nuts
while lifting the tip of the bar at the same time. Check
that you can pull the chain round freely by hand and
that it does not sag from the underside of the bar.
The position of the chain tensioning screw on our chain
saws varies from model to model. See instructions under
the heading What is what? to find out where it is on your
model.
445e, 450e
• Turn the knob anti clockwise to loosen the bar cover.
• Adjust the tension on the chain by turning the wheel
down (+) for tighter tension and up (-) to loosen the
tension.
• Tighten the bar clutch by turning the knob clockwise.
• Release the knob by folding it out.
14 – English
• Fold the knob back in to lock the tensioning.
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