1.2.During use ........................................................................................................................................ 4
1.3.After use ........................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4.Definition of measurement (overvoltage) category .......................................................................... 5
4.1.1.Description of the controls ................................................................................................................... 9
5.3.2.2.AC+DC voltage ................................................................................................................................ 16
5.3.2.2.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in AC+DC voltage measurement ........................................................................... 17
5.4.2.2.AC+DC current ................................................................................................................................ 25
5.4.2.2.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in AC+DC current measurement ........................................................................... 26
5.5.1.2.DC power ......................................................................................................................................... 30
5.5.1.2.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in DC Power measurement ................................................................................... 30
5.5.1.3.DC voltage and current .................................................................................................................... 30
5.5.1.3.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in DC Voltage and Current measurement .............................................................. 31
5.5.1.4.DC Energy ....................................................................................................................................... 31
5.5.2.2.AC+DC power .................................................................................................................................. 33
5.5.2.3.Pf and dPf ........................................................................................................................................ 33
5.5.2.3.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in Power or Pf-dPf measurement .......................................................................... 33
5.5.2.4.AC+DC Voltage and Current............................................................................................................ 34
5.5.2.4.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in AC Voltage and Current measurement .............................................................. 34
5.5.2.6.1.Key F4 “Fnz” in Voltage and Current Harmonics measurement .................................................. 35
5.5.2.7.AC Energy ....................................................................................................................................... 36
6.3.Cleaning the instrument ................................................................................................................. 46
6.4.End of life ....................................................................................................................................... 46
9.1.Calculation of powers in “AC 1P” mode ......................................................................................... 51
9.2.Calculation of powers in “AC 3P” mode ......................................................................................... 51
9.3.Calculation of powers in “DC” mode .............................................................................................. 51
9.4.voltage and current harmonics ....................................................................................................... 52
9.5.Limit values for harmonics ............................................................................................................. 53
9.6.Causes of the presence of harmonics ............................................................................................ 53
9.7.Consequence of the presence of harmonics ................................................................................. 54
EN - 2
HT9022
1. PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES
The instrument has been designed in compliance with directive IEC/EN61010-1 relevant to
electronic measuring instruments. For your safety and in order to prevent damaging the
instrument, please carefully follow the procedures described in this manual and read all
notes preceded by the symbol with the utmost attention.
Before and after carrying out the measurements, carefully observe the following
instructions:
• Do not carry out any voltage or current measurement in humid environments.
• Do not carry out any measurements in case gas, explosive materials or flammables are
present, or in dusty environments.
• Avoid contact with the circuit being measured if no measurements are being carried
out.
• Avoid contact with exposed metal parts, with unused measuring probes, circuits, etc.
• Do not carry out any measurement in case you find anomalies in the instrument such
as deformation, breaks, substance leaks, absence of display on the screen, etc.
• Pay special attention when measuring voltages higher than 20V, since a risk of
electrical shock exists.
In this manual, and on the instrument, the following symbols are used:
Warning: observe the instructions given in this manual; an improper use could
damage the instrument or its components.
High voltage danger: electrical shock hazard.
Double-insulated meter
AC voltage or current
DC voltage or current
Connection to earth
EN - 3
HT9022
1.1. PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS
• This clamp has been designed for use in environments of pollution degree 2.
• It can be used for CURRENT and VOLTAGE measurements on installations with
measurement category CAT IV 600V and CAT III 1000V. For a definition of
measurement categories, see § 1.4.
• We recommend following the normal safety rules devised by the procedures for
carrying out operations on live systems and using the prescribed PPE to protect the
user against dangerous currents and the instrument against incorrect use.
• Only the leads supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with the safety
standards. They must be in good conditions and replaced with identical models, when
necessary.
• In case the lack of warning against the presence of voltage may constitute a danger for
the operator:
1. always carry out a continuity measurement before carrying out the measurement of
the live system to confirm the correct connection and condition of the leads;
2. before carrying out the critical measurement, carry out a measurement at a power
socket where voltage is surely present. As an alternative, make this verification at
your site before going to the unknown measuring point.
• Do not test circuits exceeding the specified current and voltage limits.
• Check that the battery is correctly inserted.
• Before connecting the test leads to the circuit to be tested, make sure that the switch is
correctly set.
• Make sure that the LCD display and the switch indicate the same function.
1.2. DURING USE
Please carefully read the following recommendations and instructions:
WARNING
Failure to comply with the Caution notes and/or Instructions may damage
the instrument and/or its components or be a source of danger for the
operator.
• Before activating the switch, remove the conductor from the clamp jaw or disconnect
the test leads from the circuit under test.
• When the instrument is connected to the circuit under test, do not touch any unused
terminal.
• Keep your hands always under the hand protection. This protection is always located in
a suitable position to guarantee a correct safety distance from possible exposed or live
parts (see Fig. 3: hand protection
• Avoid measuring resistance if external voltages are present. Even if the instrument is
protected, excessive voltage could cause a malfunction of the clamp.
• During current measurement, any other current near the clamp may affect
measurement precision.
• When measuring current, always put the conductor as near as possible to the middle of
the clamp jaw, to obtain the most accurate reading.
• While measuring, if the value or the sign of the quantity being measured remain
unchanged, check if the HOLD function is enabled.
1.3. AFTER USE
• When measurement is complete, switch OFF the instrument.
• If the instrument is not to be used for a long time, remove the batteries.
EN - 4
HT9022
1.4. DEFINITION OF MEASUREMENT (OVERVOLTAGE) CATEGORY
Standard CEI 61010: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,
control and laboratory use, Part 1: General requirements” defines what measurement
category, commonly called overvoltage category, is. In § 6.7.4: Measured circuits, circuits
are divided into the following measurement categories:
(OMISSIS)
•Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source of the
low-voltage installation.
Examples are electricity meters and measurements on primary overcurrent
protection devices and ripple control units.
•Measurement category III is for measurements performed on installations inside
buildings.
Examples are measurements on distribution boards, circuit breakers, wiring,
including cables, bus-bars, junction boxes, switches, socket-outlets in the fixed
installation, and equipment for industrial use and some other equipment, for
example, stationary motors with permanent connection to fixed installation.
•Measurement category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly
connected to the low-voltage installation.
Examples are measurements on household appliances, portable tools and similar
equipment.
•Measurement category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly
connected to MAINS.
Examples are measurements on circuits not derived from MAINS, and specially
protected (internal) MAINS-derived circuits. In the latter case, transient stresses are
variable; for that reason, the standard requires that the transient withstand
capability of the equipment is made known to the user.
EN - 5
HT9022
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The clamp meter HT9022 carries out the following measurements:
• DC voltage and AC+CD TRMS voltage
• DC current and AC+CD TRMS current
• Phase sequence
• Active, reactive, apparent power and power factor on single-phase and/or balanced
three phase systems
• Active, reactive, apparent energy on single-phase and/or balanced three-phase
systems
• AC voltage harmonics (1st – 25th) and THD% up to 75Hz (1st – 8th above 75Hz)
• AC current harmonics (1st – 25th) and THD% up to 75Hz (1st – 8th above 75Hz)
• DC power
• Frequency on voltage (leads) and current (clamp jaw)
• Resistance and continuity test with buzzer
• Electric motor starting currents (INRUSH)
• Detection of presence of AC voltage with and without contact with in-built sensor in the
clamp jaw
Each of these functions can be selected using the 7-position selector switch, including an
OFF position.
Keys F1, F2, F3, F4 e H / are also provided; for their use, please refer to § 4.2.
EN - 6
HT9022
2.1. MEASURING AVERAGE VALUES AND TRMS VALUES
Measuring instruments of alternating quantities are divided into two big families:
• AVERAGE-VALUE meters: instruments measuring the value of the sole wave at
fundamental frequency from 10 to 400Hz
• TRMS (True Root Mean Square) VALUE meters: instruments measuring the TRMS
value of the quantity being tested.
In the presence of a perfectly sinusoidal wave, the two families of instruments provide
identical results. In the presence of distorted waves, instead, the readings shall differ.
Average-value meters provide the RMS value of the sole fundamental wave, TRSM
meters, instead, provide the RMS value of the whole wave, including harmonics (within the
instrument’s bandwidth). Therefore, by measuring the same quantity with instruments from
both families, the values obtained are identical only if the wave is perfectly sinusoidal. In
case it is distorted, TRMS meters shall provide higher values than the values read by
average-value meters.
2.2. DEFINITION OF TRUE ROOT MEAN SQUARE VALUE AND CREST FACTOR
The root mean square value of current is defined as follows: "In a time equal to a period,
an alternating current with a root mean square value of the intensity of 1A, circulating on a
resistor, dissipates the same energy that, during the same time, would have been
dissipated by a direct current with the intensity of 1A". This definition results in the numeric
expression:
+Tt
0
1
G=
T
2
∫
t
0
dttg
)(
The root mean square value is indicated with the acronym RMS.
The Crest Factor is defined as the relationship between the Peak Value of a signal and its
G
RMS value: CF (G)=
G
p
RMS
This value changes with the signal waveform, for a purely sinusoidal wave it is
2 =1.41.
In case of distortion, the Crest Factor takes higher values as wave distortion increases.
2.3. HARMONICS
See Appendix (Par.9.4)
EN - 7
HT9022
3. PREPARATION FOR USE
3.1. INITIAL CHECKS
Before shipping, the instrument has been checked from an electric as well as mechanical
point of view. All possible precautions have been taken so that the instrument is delivered
undamaged.
However, we recommend generally checking the instrument in order to detect possible
damage suffered during transport. In case anomalies are found, immediately contact the
forwarding agent.
We also recommend checking that the packaging contains all components indicated in
paragraph 7.3. In case of discrepancy, please contact the Dealer.
In case the instrument should be replaced, please carefully follow the instructions given in
chapter 8.2.
3.2. INSTRUMENT POWER SUPPLY
The instrument is supplied by two 1.5V LR03 AAA UM-4 batteries. Battery charge duration
is approximately 54 hours of continuous use in Power mode (selector switch to “W ”).
Replace them following the instructions in paragraph 5.2.
3.3. CALIBRATION
The instrument has the technical specifications described in this manual. The instrument’s
performance is guaranteed for one year.
3.4. STORAGE
In order to guarantee precise measurement, after a long storage time under extreme
environmental conditions, wait for the instrument to come back to normal condition (see
the environmental specifications contained in 6.2.1 before use).
EN - 8
HT9022
4. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
4.1. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
4.1.1. Description of the controls
CAPTION:
1. Inductive clamp jaw
2. AC voltage indicator LED
3. Jaw trigger
4. Rotary selector switch
5. Key H / backlight
6. Function keys F1 – F2 – F3 – F4
7. LCD display
8. Input terminal VΩ
9. Input terminal COM
Fig. 1: Instrument description
4.1.2. Alignment marks
Put the conductor as close as possible to the middle of the jaws on the intersection of the
indicated marks (see Fig. 2) in order to meet the meter accuracy specifications.
CAPTION:
1. Alignment marks
2. Conductor
Fig. 2: alignment marks
EN - 9
HT9022
4.1.3. Hand protection
CAPTION:
1. Hand protection
2. Safe area
Fig. 3: hand protection
Always keep your hands under the hand protection. This protection is always located in a
suitable position to guarantee a correct safety distance from possible exposed or live parts
(see Fig. 3)
4.1.4. Indication of the conventional direction of Current
The photo in Fig. 4: current direction arrow
shows an arrow which indicates the
conventional direction of current.
Fig. 4: current direction arrow
4.2. DESCRIPTION OF THE KEYS
4.2.1. Keys F1 – F2 – F3 – F4
Keys F1 - F2 - F3 - F4 take different functions according to the measure set (for detailed
information, see the single functions).
4.2.2. Key H
Short pressing key “H” activates the function Data HOLD, i.e. the value of the measures
quantity is frozen. The symbol "H" is displayed when this function is enabled.
This operating mode is disabled when key “H” is pressed again or the switch is operated.
4.2.3. Key
To improve the readability of the values measured in dark places, the display has been
provided with a backlighting function (backlight), which is turned on and off by long-
pressing key “H”. This function automatically deactivates after approximately 10 seconds
after being activated, in order not to discharge the battery.
EN - 10
HT9022
4.3. INITIAL SCREEN
HT9022
When switching on the instrument, the initial screen appears for
a few seconds. It shows:
• the instrument model;
• the serial number of the instrument;
• the firmware version in the instrument’s memory.
Sn 10120020
V. 2.00
Please note down this information, especially the firmware version, in case
it should be necessary to contact the Service Department.
After a few seconds, the instrument switches to the selected function.
WARNING
EN - 11
HT9022
5. INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS
5.1. PHASE DETECTION
With the selector switch set to “V ” (Voltage measurement) or “A ” (Current
measurement), by taking the end of the clamp jaw near an AC source, the red LED at the
base of the clamp jaw will turn on (see Fig. 1 – part 2), which indicates that current is
present.
WARNING
Phase detection is not active when the clamp selector switch is set to
“OFF”, “SETTINGS”, “W ”, “Ω”,“InRush A ”.
5.2. “SETTINGS” POSITION: INSTRUMENT SETTINGS
By positioning the selector switch to “Settings”, the screen aside
will appear, containing the possible settings of the instrument.
Press keys F2, F3 (T, S) to move the cursor and key F4 (OK)
to confirm the selected item.
General
Date/Time
▼▲
OK
Log
InRush
Continuity
19/01-17:00:00
5.2.1. General
By selecting “General”, the screen to the side will appear.
Press key F1 (Sel) to move the cursor and keys F2, F3 (T, S)
to change the selected item.
Press key F4 (OK) to save the changes made and go back to
the previous screen (see par.5.2).
•Language: the language of the clamp may be chosen
By selecting “Log”, the screen to the side will appear.
Press keys F2, F3 (T, S) to change the duration of the
integration period. It will take the following values:
1, 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 300, 600 or 900 seconds.
Press key F4 (OK) to save the changes made and go back to
the previous screen (see par.5.2).
Int.Period:
001 s
19/01-17:00:00
5.2.4. InRush
By selecting “InRush”, the screen to the side will appear.
Press key F1 (Sel) to move the cursor and keys F2, F3 (T, S)
to change the selected item.
Press key F4 (OK) to save the changes made and go back to
the previous screen (see par.5.2).
•Thresh: threshold value beyond which the inrush current
event is detected and recorded by the instrument. The
current value may be set between 5A and 900A in steps of
1A.
Sel
Thres: 080
Window: 1/1
Mode: Fix
19/01-17:00:00
▼▲
OK
•Window: the value of the inrush current measuring window. The following values are
available:
¾ 1/1: sampling occurs every half-period;
¾ 1/2: sampling occurs one every two half-periods;
¾ 1/4: sampling occurs one every four half-periods;
• Mode: the inrush current measuring mode. Following modes are available:
¾ Fix;
¾ Var.
For details about the measurement of Inrush Currents see par. 5.8.2.
5.2.5. Continuity
Sel
▼▲
OK
By selecting “Continuity”, the screen to the side will appear.
Press keys F2, F3 (T, S) to change the setting of the resistance
limit value below which the buzzer will sound. It may be set
between 1Ω and 150Ω in steps of 1Ω.
Press key F4 (OK) to save the changes made and go back to
the previous screen (see par.5.2).
EN - 13
Res Lim:
010Ω
19/01-17:00:00
HT9022
5.3. POSITION “V”: DC, AC+DC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT AND PHASE
SEQUENCE VERIFICATION
WARNING
The maximum DC or AC+DC input voltage is 1000V. When the display
shows “> 999.9V”, it means that the maximum value the clamp is able to
measure has been exceeded. Exceeding these limits could result in
electrical shocks to the user and damage to the instrument.
Mod Par Fnz
AC <10.0 Hz
By positioning the selector switch to “V ”, the screen to the side
will appear.
---- V
Press key F1 (Mod) to open the drop-down menu shown on the
screen to the side. At each subsequent pressure of key F1, the
cursor will scroll through the available items, as follows:
• AC: AC+DC voltage measurement;
• DC: DC voltage measurement;
• Ph Seq: verification of phase sequence;
• Help: it displays the connection diagram of the instrument to
the system;
Select the desired mode and press key F4 (OK) to confirm.
5.3.1. DC voltage measurement
19/01-17:00:00
Mod Par OK
AC <10.0 Hz
AC
DC
Ph Seq
Help
---- V
Esc
19/01-17:00:00
Fig. 5: DC voltage measurement
EN - 14
HT9022
Insert the red cable into the input lead VΩ and the black cable into the input lead COM
(Fig. 5), and position the leads to the desired points of the circuit being tested.
Mod Par Fnz
DC
The screen shows an example of DC Voltage measurement.
12.0 V
5.3.1.1. Key F4 “Fnz”
Press key F4 (Fnz) to open the drop-down menu shown on the
screen to the side. At each subsequent pressure of key F4, the
cursor will scroll through the available items, as follows:
•Max: it constantly displays the maximum value of the
measured DC Voltage;
•Min: it constantly displays the minimum value of the
measured DC Voltage;
• Cr+: it constantly displays the maximum positive crest value;
• Cr-: it constantly displays the minimum negative crest value;
• Rst: it deletes all stored Max, Min, Cr+ and Cr- values;
• Esc: it goes back to a normal measuring mode.
WARNING
Note: the measurement of the 4 Max, Min, Cr+ and Cr- values is
simultaneous, regardless of the one displayed.
By pressing key F3 (OK), the selected item is confirmed.
To the side, an example of measurement with active Max
function.
The display shows the active function.
19/01-17:00:00
Mod Par OK Fnz
DC
12.0 V
Max
Min
Cr+
CrRst
Esc
19/01-17:00:00
Mod Par Fnz
MaxDC
12.0 V
19/01-17:00:00
5.3.1.2. Hold
Short pressing key “H” activates the function Data HOLD. The display shows the message
“H” and the screen of the measurement in progress is “frozen”.
This operating mode is deactivated when key “H” is pressed again or the switch is
operated.
5.3.1.3. Backlight
Long pressing key “H” activates or deactivates the display backlight. This function
automatically deactivates after approximately 10 seconds after being activated, in order
not to discharge the batteries.
EN - 15
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