HP StorageWorks 8000 User Manual
user’s
guide
hp surestore nas 8000
user’s guide
Edition March 2002
Part number A7418-96001
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1 HP NAS 8000 Overview 9
What is NAS? 9
Product Overview 10
Hardware 10
Software 12
Product Configurations 13
Direct-Attached Configuration 13
Direct-Attached Configuration with High Availability 14
SAN Configuration 17
SAN Configuration with High Availability 18
User’s Guide Overview 19
2 NAS 8000 Concepts 21
Understanding Physical and Logical Storage 21
Physical Storage 22
Disk Drives 22
Logical Storage 23
Logical Unit Number 23
Volume Groups 23
File Volumes 23
Directories 23
Snapshots 23
Understanding High Availability 24
Cluster Components 24
Failover Models 25
Active/Active Failover Model 26
Active/Passive Failover Model 26
Resource Model 26
contents
1
Failover Packages 27
Eliminating Single Points of Failure 27
High-Availability Options in the Command View NAS Web
Interface 28
About HP NAS Server Security 29
HP NAS Server Security in a UNIX-only Environment 29
HP NAS Server Security in an NT-only Environment 30
Share-Level Security 31
User Level (Domain) Security 31
Permissions 32
Sharing Files Across Multiple Platforms 32
Accessing Files Created by UNIX Clients 33
Accessing Files Created by NT Clients 34
3 Getting Started 35
Using the Command View NAS Web Interface 35
Downloading the Sun Microsystems Java™ Plug-In 38
Using Online Help 39
Printing Help Information 39
Task Overview 40
Prerequisites 40
Management Tasks 40
4 Configuring Your System and Network 43
Using the Configuration Wizard 44
Identifying your NAS Server 46
Shutting Down and Restarting 47
Direct-Attached and SAN Configuration 47
High-Availability Configuration 48
Configuring System Security 49
Editing the Command View NAS Access List 49
Setting an Administrative Password 49
Configuring System Settings 51
Defining the System Name 51
Setting the Date and Time 52
Assigning Contact Information 52
2
Configuring TCP/IP Settings 54
Defining IP Addresses 54
Defining the Command View Management Port 56
Enabling Bonding 56
Setting the Domain Name Service (DNS) 58
Configuring High-Availability Settings 59
Cluster Configuration Overview 59
Entering Node Settings 61
Defining the Cluster Name 62
Defining the Quorum Server 62
Setting Timeouts and Intervals 63
Starting and Stopping Clustering Services 64
Configuring Networking Settings 66
Windows Settings 66
Specifying WINS Properties 66
Defining Windows Security 66
UNIX Settings 68
Specifying NIS Properties 68
Specifying NFS Properties 69
Configuring Alert Settings 70
Defining SNMP Alerts 70
Defining Email Alerts (SMTP) 71
Setting Up the Remote System Log 72
Configuring User and Group Mapping 73
Understanding User and Group Mapping 73
Importing and Exporting Users or Groups 75
Configuring UPS Connections 76
5 Managing Your Storage 77
Managing Arrays and LUNs 78
Viewing the Storage Array Summary 78
Scanning for New Storage 79
Renaming an Array 79
Using Advanced Array Management 80
Creating a LUN 80
Deleting a LUN 81
3
Managing Volume Groups 82
Viewing Volume Groups 82
Creating a Volume Group 82
Editing a Volume Group 83
Deleting a Volume Group 84
Managing Failover Packages 85
Viewing Failover Packages 85
Adding a New Package 86
Editing a Package 87
Deleting a Package 88
Starting a Package 88
Stopping a Package 89
Failing Over a Package 89
Failing Back a Package 90
Managing File Volumes 91
Viewing File Volume Information 91
Creating a New File Volume 92
Editing a File Volume 93
Deleting a File Volume 94
Managing Shares and Exports 95
Viewing Shares and Exports 95
Creating or Editing an SMB Share 96
Creating or Editing an NFS Export 97
Deleting a Share or Export 97
Verifying that the HP NAS Server Is Accessible to Users 98
Creating a Directory 98
Renaming a Directory 99
Deleting a Directory 99
Replicating Data with Snapshots 100
Using Snapshots 100
Creating a Snapshot 101
Editing a Snapshot 102
Deleting a Snapshot 102
Scheduling a Snapshot 103
Managing Quotas 105
Understanding Quotas 105
4
Enabling or Disabling Quotas 105
Managing User Quotas 106
Configuring User Quotas 106
Adding a User Quota 107
Editing a User Quota 107
Deleting a User Quota 108
Importing and Exporting User Quotas 108
Managing Group Quotas 109
Configuring Group Quotas 109
Adding a Group Quota 110
Editing a Group Quota 110
Deleting a Group Quota 111
Importing and Exporting Group Quotas 111
6 Monitoring the System 113
Viewing the Status Summary 115
Storage Array Status 116
Environment 116
Performance 116
Monitoring the NAS Server 117
Monitoring Events 117
Viewing the Hardware Event Log 117
Viewing the System Log 118
Monitoring the Environment 119
Viewing Temperature Status 119
Viewing System Voltage Status 119
Viewing Cooling Fan Status 120
Monitoring Components 121
Viewing Memory Status 121
Viewing Power Supply Status 121
Viewing UPS Status 122
Monitoring Performance 123
Viewing CPU Utilization 123
Viewing Network Activity 123
Viewing Client Activity 124
Monitoring High-Availability Settings 125
Monitoring Nodes 125
5
Monitoring Failover Packages 125
7 Enabling Virus and Backup Software 127
Using NAS Virus Protection 128
Overview 128
Updating the Virus File 130
Using Scheduled Scan Control 131
Understanding Scheduled Scan Control 131
Creating and Editing a Scan Task 131
Performing a Scan Task and Viewing the Status 133
Copying a Scan Task 134
Deleting a Scan Task 134
Using Real Time Protection Control 135
Understanding Real Time Protection Control 135
Creating and Editing an RTP Task 135
Changing RTP Global Settings 136
Deleting an RTP Task 137
Managing Quarantined Files 137
Viewing Virus Logs 139
Using the Backup Agent 140
Connecting Tape Devices 141
Using HP OpenView OmniBack II and the NAS Backup Agent 141
Enabling the NAS 8000 Backup Agent 142
Importing the Client to an OmniBack II Cell 143
Configuring a Backup Device 144
Configuring the Tape Drives 144
Backing Up Files 145
Managing and Configuring the HP OpenView OmniBack II NAS
Agent 147
Snapshot Behavior: Per-volume Snapshot Backup 148
Troubleshooting the OmniBack Agent 149
Enabling Snapshots 152
8 Recovering from a Disaster 153
Restoring the NAS Server Configuration 154
Restoring Storage Array Settings 155
Restoring the NAS Server and Storage Array 157
6
9 Integrating with Network Backup
Applications 159
Using HP OpenView OmniBack II 161
OmniBack II User Interface for Windows NT 162
OmniBack II User Interface for UNIX 164
Using Computer Associates ARCserve 2000 165
ARCserve 2000 for Windows NT 165
Using Veritas Backup Exec 167
Using Veritas NetBackup 169
NetBackup for Windows 169
NetBackup for UNIX 170
Using IBM Tivoli Storage Manager 171
Storage Manager for Windows 171
Storage Manager for UNIX 172
Using Legato NetWorker 173
Networker for Windows 173
Networker for UNIX 174
10 Obtaining Product Support and Software
Upgrades 175
Contacting HP NAS Server Service and Support 176
HP NAS Server Support Web Site 176
Contact Customer Support 176
Viewing the Command View NAS License 177
Viewing Open Source Code 178
Using Array Diagnostics 179
Upgrades 180
Upgrading NAS Server Software 180
Upgrading Storage Array Firmware 181
A NAS 8000 System and Hardware Upgrades 183
System Upgrades 183
Upgrading to a High-Availability System 183
Hardware Upgrades and Replacements 184
NAS Server Upgrades 184
7
Adding NICs 184
Assigning IP Addresses 186
Firmware Upgrades 186
Standard Server Upgrades 186
Storage Array Upgrades 187
Adding Disks 187
Modifying Storage Settings 187
Tape Library Upgrade 190
Adding a Tape Library 190
Installing SCSI or FC HBA Cards 190
Firmware Upgrades 194
UPS Upgrade 195
Adding a UPS 195
UPS Product Information 196
B SNMP Trap Definitions 197
C Legal Information 201
Acknowledgments 201
HP Surestore Software License Agreement 203
Safety and Regulatory Information 208
HP NAS Server Warranty Information 209
Warranty Information 209
Hewlett-Packard Limited Warranty Statement 211
D Command View SDM Limitations 213
E Command View NAS Command Line Interface
221
F Glossary 223
8
HP NAS 8000 Overview
What is NAS?
Network-attached storage (NAS) is a storage solution attached to a network
that is optimized for file sharing and serving. NAS provides a simple,
reliable, and cost-effective way to add storage to networks. Because a NAS
device is designed specifically for storage, it requires minimal setup and is
easily maintained. NAS devices also have built-in redundancy features to
protect against failure and downtime.
A NAS solution typically consists of a server, a set of disk drives, a custom
operating system, and a built-in web interface for managing storage. NAS
devices provide file services to a mixture of clients that operate in a
heterogeneous network environment. A NAS device can be added to an
existing LAN network to increase storage capacity.
How is NAS different from SAN (Storage Area Network)? In many respects
they are similar and can use the same hardware, but the SAN requires its
own high-speed storage network, while the NAS lives on an already existing
LAN. A NAS device is designed to move files, whereas the SAN is designed
to provide block-level data at high speeds to application servers. SAN
solutions are typically more difficult to implement and more expensive than
NAS solutions.
1
HP NAS 8000 Overview 9
Product Overview
The HP Surestore Network-Attached Storage (NAS) 8000 series offers several
storage solutions that attach directly to your network and provide shared file
storage for workgroups and departments.
Hardware
The NAS 8000 solution can include one or more of the following, sold
separately or pre-installed in a rack:
■
A NAS server with a custom operating system.
— Network interface cards (NICs). The server comes with one 10/100TX
port, and you can add up to two dual-port 10/100TX NICs or two
single-port gigabit NICs.
■
Storage arrays:
— Direct-attached to the NAS server. The HP Virtual Array (VA) 7100
and 7400 series can have up to 15 drives (18, 36 and 73 GB
capacity); the VA7400 series supports up to six JBODs attached to
each array for additional storage capacity.
— Remotely connected via a SAN network. HP VA and XP arrays are
supported.
■
Fiber channel switches for multiple array configurations.
10 HP NAS 8000 Overview
■
Quorum server with cluster management software for high-availability
solutions.
Figure 1 NAS Racked System
HP NAS 8000 Overview
Other accessories sold separately are:
■
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
■
HP Surestore tape libraries.
HP NAS 8000 Overview 11
Software
The NAS 8000 server comes preloaded with:
■
A custom operating system optimized for file serving. A command line
interface is available for advanced server management.
■
HP Command View NAS management software that runs in a web
browser. This graphical user interface is the primary tool for managing the
NAS 8000. Links to Command View SDM are provided for advanced
array management.
■
HP Virus Guard virus protection software, which is integrated with the
NAS operating system and Command View NAS.
■
A server backup agent for HP OmniBack II 4.1, which is integrated with
the NAS operating system and Command View NAS.
■
File volume snapshot capability for data protection.
If you do not use the NAS 8000 backup agent, you can backup your data
using one of the following network backup software products:
■
HP OmniBack II
■
Computer Associates ARCserve 2000
■
Veritas Backup Exec
■
Veritas NetBackup
■
IBM Tivoli Storage Manager
12 HP NAS 8000 Overview
■
Legato Networker
You can also integrate the NAS 8000 with several network management
software products, including HP OpenView Network Node Manager. For
more information about network management plug-ins, see http://
www.hp.com/support/emsp to learn about the HP Surestore Enterprise
Integrations product.
Additional NAS 8000 integrations with other products, such as Oracle and
SQL server may be possible. See http://www.hp.com/support/nas8000 for
a current description of supported product integrations.
Product Configurations
The NAS 8000 is available in four configurations:
■
Direct-attached storage configuration
■
Direct-attached storage configuration with high availability
■
SAN configuration
■
SAN configuration with high availability
Depending on the configuration of your NAS server, different options display
in the Command View NAS web interface.
Direct-Attached Configuration
With direct-attach configurations, one HP VA7100 or VA7400 series disk
array is connected to the NAS server using one Fibre Channel (FC) Host Bus
Adapter (HBA). In addition:
■
The server includes one internal NIC with the option of adding two
additional NICs.
■
The server may include two SCSI or FC HBAs for connecting to an optional
tape library.
■
The server communicates with an optional UPS using a serial connection.
HP NAS 8000 Overview
HP NAS 8000 Overview 13
Figure 2 Direct Attached Configuration
Direct-Attached Configuration with High Availability
In direct-attached configurations with high availability, one or two VA7100
or VA7400 series disk arrays are attached to a cluster consisting of two NAS
servers and a Quorum server that manages the high-availability services for
the cluster. In addition:
■
A single HBA is pre-installed in each server.
■
A separate UPS is required for each NAS server.
■
Tape backup can be shared by both NAS servers.
14 HP NAS 8000 Overview
Figure 3 Direct-Attached Configuration with High Availability
HP NAS 8000 Overview
HP NAS 8000 Overview 15
■
Multiple arrays may also be attached using FC switches.
Figure 4 Multiple Arrays with FC Switches
16 HP NAS 8000 Overview
SAN Configuration
HP NAS 8000 Overview
NAS 8000 solutions can also manage storage on HP VA7100, VA7400
series or XP model arrays connected to a SAN. LUNs must be created and
assigned to the NAS 8000 using a product such as HP Surestore Secure
Manager VA or Secure Manager XP.
Figure 5 SAN Configuration
HP NAS 8000 Overview 17
SAN Configuration with High Availability
A high-availability, clustered NAS 8000 system can also be configured to
access VA7100, VA7400 series and XP model arrays attached via SAN.
Figure 6 SAN Configuration with High Availability
18 HP NAS 8000 Overview
User’s Guide Overview
This user’s guide is organized into the following chapters:
Chapter Description
HP NAS 8000 Overview
Chapter 1, HP NAS 8000
Overview
Chapter 2, NAS 8000 Concepts Key concepts you need to know about storage and security.
Chapter 3, Getting Started What you need to do to begin using the HP NAS 8000.
Chapter 4, Configuring Your
System and Network
Chapter 5, Managing Your
Storage
Chapter 6, Monitoring the
System
Chapter 7, Enabling Virus and
Backup Software
Chapter 8, Recovering from a
Disaster
Chapter 9, Integrating with
Network Backup Applications
Introduction to the features of the HP NAS 8000.
Set up your system, TCP/IP, networking, and alerts settings. If you
have a high-availability NAS server, enter those settings here. You
can also configure user and group mapping, and monitor UPS
connections.
Set up LUNs, volume groups, failover packages (if you have a highavailability system), file volumes, shares, exports, snapshots, and
quotas.
Monitor the NAS server’s events, environment, components, and
performance. You can also monitor high-availability settings and
any attached arrays.
Use virus-protection software, backup agent, and snapshots to
protect your data.
Restore your storage system to its originally configured state.
Use network backup applications with your NAS server.
Chapter 10, Obtaining Product
Support and Software
Upgrades
Appendices Obtain system and hardware upgrades, trap definitions, legal
Contact support, view Open Source code, run diagnostic tools, and
obtain software upgrades.
information, Command View SDM overview, and the Command
View NAS Command Line Interface.
HP NAS 8000 Overview 19
20 HP NAS 8000 Overview
NAS 8000 Concepts
Understanding Physical and Logical Storage
The storage space on your HP NAS 8000 is made up of physical storage and
logical storage for a direct-attached and SAN configuration. Before you
begin planning your storage, you need to understand the following concepts.
Physical storage refers to the hardware used for data storage. The physical
storage components of the HP NAS 8000 are the disk drives.
Logical storage is created by software that lets you combine disk space from
multiple physical disks into a logical volume. The logical storage components
of the HP NAS 8000 include:
■
Logical unit numbers (LUNs)
■
Volume groups
■
File volumes
■
Directories
■
Snapshots
2
NAS 8000 Concepts 21
Physical Storage
Figure 1 Physical and Logical Storage
22 NAS 8000 Concepts
Disk Drives
The HP NAS 8000 supports the following storage devices either directly
attached to the NAS 8000 or on a SAN:
■
Virtual Array (VA) 7100 is a disk storage system that holds from 4 to 15
disk drives. The array has scalable capacities from 72 GB to over 1
Terabyte depending upon the size and number of disk drives. The
capacity of the disk drives can be mixed.
■
Virtual Array 7400 series arrays are high-performance, high-availability,
multi-terabyte storage arrays with a 2Gb/s fibre channel host. The
VA7400 series supports up to 105 drives (10 minimum) with additional
DS2400 disk enclosures.
For more information about these drives, see the
VA7100 and VA7400 User And Service Guides
support/va7100 or http://www.hp.com/support/va7400.
HP Surestore Virtual Array
at http://www.hp.com/
Logical Storage
The HP NAS 8000 lets you set up your storage into these logical divisions:
Logical Unit Number
A logical unit number (LUN) is a logical aggregation of the space on one or
more physical drives. The HP NAS 8000 supports a maximum of 127 LUNs.
Volume Groups
A volume group is the aggregation of one or more LUNs. Volume groups
combine the space from LUNs and make the space accessible to the file
system for creating file volumes and directories, which can then be made
accessible to users.
File Volumes
A volume group is divided into one or more file volumes. File volumes are the
basic unit of logical storage for a file system on the HP NAS 8000. File
volumes can be further subdivided into individual directories.
Directories
Directories let you organize information. Directories contain files or other
persistent data structures in a file system that contains information about other
files. Directories are usually organized hierarchically and may contain both
files and other directories, and are used to organize collections of files for
applications or convenience.
NAS 8000 Concepts
Snapshots
A snapshot is a read-only picture of a file volume at a specific point in time
that provides almost instantaneous access to the previous snapshot version of
a file.
NAS 8000 Concepts 23
Understanding High Availability
Note This section applies only if you have purchased a high-
availability NAS solution.
High availability characterizes a system that is designed to avoid the loss of
service by reducing or managing failures and minimizing downtime. High
availability implies a service level in which both planned and unplanned
downtime is minimized.
Cluster Components
The HP NAS 8000 cluster consists of two NAS servers, a Quorum server and
storage that may come from either a direct-attached configuration or a SAN.
The NAS servers share access to the storage and provide failover capabilities
for each other, but function as independent servers. The main purpose of
high-availability clusters is to provide a higher degree of storage availability
to client systems than is possible with a single server. This is accomplished by
minimizing single points of failure and providing functional redundancy.
Server downtime and interruptions to storage availability are minimized by
failing over file serving capabilities between the NAS servers in the event of a
failure in either server.
24 NAS 8000 Concepts
Figure 2 Cluster Components
NAS 8000 Concepts
Failover Models
Failover is a backup operational mode in which the functions of one NAS
server are assumed by the other NAS server when a NAS server becomes
unavailable through failure or scheduled down time.
The following two modes are supported for the NAS servers in the cluster:
■
Active/Active
■
Active/Passive
NAS 8000 Concepts 25
Resource Model
Active/Active Failover Model
In the active/active failover model, both NAS servers provide simultaneous
access to storage. Each NAS server maintains separate file systems, CIFS
shares, and NFS exports. The NAS servers do not provide shared access to
the same volumes and file systems simultaneously. Each NAS server functions
as a separate file server. To facilitate file system failover, the NAS servers
have full access to each other's disk resources but do not utilize the shared
access unless a server failure occurs. When the failure criteria have been met
and the failover system directs a NAS server to fail over, the NAS server then
takes over the IP and disk resources of the failed server and begins serving the
file systems and associated shares as if they were its own. Note that both NAS
servers provide CIFS and NFS services.
Active/Passive Failover Model
In the active/passive failover model, only one NAS server is active at a time.
The other NAS server waits in standby mode until a failover occurs. The active
NAS server operates as in the active/active model, providing both CIFS and
NFS services to client systems. Active/passive mode is created by starting
failover packages on only one primary server and configuring the secondary
server to be the failover target in the event of a primary server failure.
26 NAS 8000 Concepts
The cluster has a shared-nothing resource model, which means that each
server has exclusive access to the storage (volume groups, volumes, and
shares) and network resources (hostname, package names, IP addresses) that
it's serving. The cluster nodes can see each others’ storage and are aware of
each others' packages and IP addresses, but by agreement and design, they
activate only the storage and network addresses to which they are currently
assigned. The clustering system strictly enforces this agreement to prevent
concurrent or shared access to the same storage resources. The file system
that is used for each file volume is not distributed and does not support
simultaneous shared access. The cluster Quorum server’s primary job is to
enforce the shared-nothing cluster policy.
Failover Packages
Failover packages are the smallest unit of failover within the cluster. A
package contains necessary definitions and configuration information
relating to resources and their processes that must be failed over to the
secondary server in the event the primary server fails. Each cluster can have a
maximum of 30 packages running concurrently. For NAS, the package
defines the volumes (file systems) and their associated CIFS shares and NFS
exports that should be failed over. A given volume group can be defined in
only one package at a time, but a package can contain multiple volume
group definitions. The packages can fail over automatically when a server
fails, or they can be manually failed over one at a time. A given package can
be running on only one cluster node at a time.
Think of a package as a group of one or more volume groups (with their file
systems and shares/exports) that will fail over as a single unit. To fail over a
package manually, you need to:
■
Stop the existing package (in the case of a service, network, or resource
failure).
■
Start the new instance of the package on a different node.
You can manage failover packages on the Storage tab of the Command View
NAS web interface.
Eliminating Single Points of Failure
NAS 8000 Concepts
Most problems that result in service outages are single-level failures. Highavailability lets you quickly detect and handle these failures and minimize
downtime. Examples of single-level failures include:
■
NIC failures
■
NFS failure
■
SMB failure
■
Operating system failure
■
Power failur e
NAS 8000 Concepts 27
High-Availability Options in the Command View NAS Web Interface
You can manage high-availability options on the following tabs of the
Command View NAS web interface:
■
Configuration tab: Start or stop clustering services; manage node settings
for your cluster; name your cluster; enter a name for the Quorum server;
and set up timeouts and intervals for the cluster.
■
Storage tab: Add, edit, delete, start, and stop failover packages. You can
also manually fail over or fail back a package.
■
Status tab: Monitor nodes and failover packages.
28 NAS 8000 Concepts
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