HP m501, e5014, e52645, e5045, e52545 Troubleshooting Manual
Service Manual: Troubleshooting
www.hp.com/videos/LaserJet
www.hp.com/support/ljM501
www.hp.com/support/ljM506
www.hp.com/support/ljM507
www.hp.com/support/ljM527mfp
www.hp.com/support/ljM528mfp
www.hp.com/support/ljE50045
www.hp.com/support/ljE50145
www.hp.com/support/ljE52545mfp
www.hp.com/support/ljE52645mfp
HP LaserJet Pro M501
HP LaserJet Enterprise M506, M507
HP LaserJet Enterprise MFP M527, M528
HP LaserJet Managed E50145, MFP E52645
HP LaserJet Managed E50045, MFP E52545
HP LaserJet Pro M501; HP LaserJet
Enterprise M506, M507 and MFP M527, MFP
M528; HP LaserJet Managed E50045 and
MFP E52545; HP LaserJet Managed E50145
and MFP E52645 - Service Manual:
Troubleshooting
SUMMARY
Learn about the printer theory of operation and how to solve printer problems. For printer part removal, replacement, and
exploded parts diagrams, see the Repair Manual.
Copyright and License
© Copyright 2019 HP Development Company,
L.P.
Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without
prior written permission is prohibited, except as
allowed under the copyright laws.
The information contained herein is subject to
change without notice.
The only warranties for HP products and
services are set forth in the express warranty
statements accompanying such products and
services. Nothing herein should be construed as
constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not
be liable for technical or editorial errors or
omissions contained herein.
Edition 4, 3/2019
Revision history
View a list of document revisions.
The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and
services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing
herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial
errors or omissions contained herein.
ENWW iii
Table -1 Revision history
Revision number Revision date Revision notes
3 5/2019 Added FutureSmart 4 steps to the following procedures:
● Use the solve problems checklist on page 75
● Print the Settings menu map on page 79
● Print current settings pages on page 81
● Print the event log on page 103
● HP Jetdirect LEDs on page 151
● Disable cartridge check (all except M501)
on page 155
● Paper path test (all except M501) on page 157
● Paper path sensors test (all except M501)
on page 159
● Manual sensor tests (all except M501) on page 161
● Tray/bin manual sensor test (all except M501)
on page 164
● Print/stop test (all except M501) on page 167
● Individual component diagnostics (special-mode
test; all except M501) on page 170
● Use the scanner tests on page 173
● Print a conguration page on page 196
● Print a fuser test page (all except M501)
on page 204
● Control panel menus (all except M501) on page 219
● Check toner-cartridge status on page 298
● Print a cleaning page on page 298
● Step three: Set the individual tray alignment
on page 300
● Print quality troubleshooting guide on page 310
● Change jam recovery (all except M501) on page 470
● Service menu (all except M501) on page 487
● Restore factory-set defaults (all except M501)
on page 493
● Determine the installed revision of rmware (all
except M501) on page 506
● USB ash drive (control panel menu) (all except
M501) on page 511
iv Revision history ENWW
Table -1 Revision history (continued)
Revision number Revision date Revision notes
3 5/2019 Added a procedure to access the touchscreen diagnostic
3 5/2019 Updated model list for control panel diagnostic keyboard
2 4/2016 LaserJet Pro M501 content added.
1 10/2015 HP LaserJet Enterprise M506/M527 Repair Manual initial
mode for the M507x ad E50145dn printers.
● Touchscreen diagnostic mode (M507x and
E50145dn) on page 123
test.
● Keyboard test (M527c/z, E52545c, M528c/z,
E52645c only) on page 137
release.
ENWW v
vi Revision history ENWW
Table of contents
1 Theory of operations ................................................................................................................................................................................ 1
Conventions used in this guide ............................................................................................................................................... 1
HP service and support ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
Basic operation ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Sequence of operation ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Formatter-control system ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Sleep mode (all except M501) ........................................................................................................................... 6
Sleep delay (M501) .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Auto On / Auto O mode (M501) ....................................................................................................................... 8
Printer job language (PJL) ................................................................................................................................... 8
Printer management language (PML) .............................................................................................................. 8
Control panel ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
Easy-access USB port (all except M501) .......................................................................................................... 9
Wireless (wireless models only) ........................................................................................................................ 9
Low end data model (LEDM) overview (M501) ............................................................................................... 9
Advanced control language (ACL) overview (M501) ...................................................................................... 9
Near eld communication (NFC models only) .............................................................................................. 10
CPU ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Input/output (I/O) ............................................................................................................................................... 10
Memory ............................................................................................................................................................... 11
Firmware ........................................................................................................................................ 11
Nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM) ........................................................................ 11
Random access memory (RAM) ................................................................................................. 11
HP Memory Enhancement technology (MEt) ........................................................................... 11
Engine-control system .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
DC controller ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
Motors ............................................................................................................................................. 14
Fans ................................................................................................................................................. 15
Solenoids ........................................................................................................................................ 15
Clutches .......................................................................................................................................... 15
Switches ......................................................................................................................................... 16
Photo interrupter sensors ........................................................................................................... 16
ENWW vii
Sensors ........................................................................................................................................... 16
LEDs ................................................................................................................................................ 16
Low-voltage power supply (LVPS) .................................................................................................................. 18
Low-voltage power supply voltages description ..................................................................... 20
Over-current/over-voltage protection ....................................................................................... 21
Sleep mode operation (all except M501) .................................................................................. 21
Low-voltage power supply failure detection (all except M501) ............................................ 22
Safety .............................................................................................................................................. 22
Low-voltage power supply functions ........................................................................................ 22
High-voltage power supply ............................................................................................................................. 23
Fuser bias ....................................................................................................................................... 23
High-voltage power supply circuits ........................................................................................... 23
Fuser control ...................................................................................................................................................... 25
Fuser circuits .................................................................................................................................. 25
Fuser control functions ................................................................................................................ 26
Fuser heater protection ............................................................................................................... 27
Fuser unit life detection (all except M501) ............................................................................... 27
Fuser identication (all except M501) ....................................................................................... 27
Engine laser/scanner system ............................................................................................................................................... 28
Laser/scanner failure detection ...................................................................................................................... 29
Safety .................................................................................................................................................................. 29
Image-formation process ................................................................................................................................ 30
Step 1: Primary charging ............................................................................................................. 34
Step 2: Laser-beam exposure .................................................................................................... 34
Step 3: Development .................................................................................................................... 35
Step 4: Transfer ............................................................................................................................. 35
Step 5: Separation ........................................................................................................................ 36
Step 6: Fusing ................................................................................................................................ 36
Step 7: Drum cleaning .................................................................................................................. 37
Toner cartridge ................................................................................................................................................... 38
Design ............................................................................................................................................. 38
Memory chip .................................................................................................................................. 39
Dynamic security enabled printers in this guide ...................................................................... 39
Dynamic security ........................................................................................................................... 40
Toner seal ....................................................................................................................................... 40
Toner level and cartridge life detection ..................................................................................... 40
JetIntelligence ............................................................................................................................... 41
Authentication .......................................................................................................... 41
Anti-theft ................................................................................................................... 41
Paper handling system ......................................................................................................................................................... 42
Photo sensors and switches ............................................................................................................................ 44
viii ENWW
Motors, clutches, and solenoids ...................................................................................................................... 45
Tray 1 (multipurpose) / Tray 2 (base printer) ................................................................................................ 47
Tray 1 paper pickup and feed ..................................................................................................... 47
Tray 2 paper presence detection ............................................................................................... 48
Tray 2 lift operation ...................................................................................................................... 48
Tray 2 paper pickup ...................................................................................................................... 49
Tray 2 multiple feed prevention ................................................................................................. 49
Tray 2 presence detection ........................................................................................................... 50
Tray 2 skew feed prevention ...................................................................................................... 50
Feed speed control ....................................................................................................................... 51
Duplexing unit ............................................................................................................................... 53
Duplexing reverse and duplex feed control ......................................................... 53
Jam detection/prevention ........................................................................................................... 53
Input accessories .................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Tray 3-5 .............................................................................................................................................................. 57
Driver PCA ...................................................................................................................................... 59
Electrical components .................................................................................................................. 59
Paper pickup .................................................................................................................................. 60
Multiple feed prevention .............................................................................................................. 60
Tray presence detection .............................................................................................................. 60
Tray lift operation ......................................................................................................................... 60
Jam detection ................................................................................................................................ 61
Scanning and image capture system (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ........................................................................ 63
Document feeder system (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ............................................................................................ 64
Document feed system .................................................................................................................................... 65
Sensors in the document feeder ................................................................................................ 65
Document feeder paper path ..................................................................................................... 66
Document feeder simplex operation ......................................................................................... 67
Document feeder e-duplex operation ....................................................................................... 68
Deskew operation ......................................................................................................................... 68
Document feeder hinges ............................................................................................................. 69
2 Solve problems ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 71
HP service and support ......................................................................................................................................................... 71
Solve problems checklist (M501) ........................................................................................................................................ 73
Use the solve problems checklist (M501) ...................................................................................................... 73
Print the menu map (M501) ............................................................................................................................ 74
Print the service page (includes the event log) (M501) ............................................................................... 74
Solve problems checklist (all except M501) ...................................................................................................................... 75
Use the solve problems checklist ................................................................................................................... 75
Print the Settings menu map .......................................................................................................................... 79
ENWW ix
Print the settings menu map from a touchscreen control panel .......................................... 79
Print the settings menu map from a LCD control panel ......................................................... 79
Print current settings pages ............................................................................................................................ 81
Print the current settings page from a touchscreen control panel ...................................... 81
Print the current settings page from a LCD control panel ..................................................... 81
Pre-boot menu options .................................................................................................................................... 83
Open the Pre-boot menu from a touchscreen control panel ................................................ 83
Open the Pre-boot menu from a LCD control panel ............................................................... 85
Cold reset using the Pre-boot menu from a touchscreen control panel ............................. 85
Cold reset using the Pre-boot menu from a LCD control panel ............................................ 85
Remote Admin (all except M501) ............................................................................................... 93
Required software and network connection ....................................................... 94
Connect a remote connection ................................................................................ 97
Disconnect a remote connection ......................................................................... 101
Print the event log ........................................................................................................................................... 103
Print the event log from the Administration menu (FutureSmart 3) or Support Tools
menu (FutureSmart 4) from a touchscreen control panel ................................................... 103
Print the event log from the Administration menu (FutureSmart 3) or Support Tools
menu (FutureSmart 4) from a LCD control panel .................................................................. 103
Print the event log from the Service menu from a touchscreen control panel ................ 104
Print the event log from the Service menu from a LCD control panel ............................... 104
Clear the event log from a touchscreen control panel ......................................................... 105
Clear the event log from a LCD control panel ........................................................................ 105
Troubleshooting process .................................................................................................................................................... 107
Determine the problem source .................................................................................................................... 108
Pre-troubleshooting checklist .................................................................................................. 108
Troubleshooting owchart ....................................................................................................... 109
Power subsystem ........................................................................................................................................... 112
Power-on checks ........................................................................................................................ 113
Power-on troubleshooting overview .................................................................. 114
Control panel checks (M501) ......................................................................................................................... 116
Control panel checks (all except M501) ....................................................................................................... 118
Control panel diagnostics (M506x/M507x and M527/E52545/M528/E52645) .............. 119
Touchscreen diagnostic mode (M506x, M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ..... 119
Touchscreen diagnostic mode (M507x and E50145dn) .................................. 123
Control panel system diagnostics (M506x/M507x, M527/E52545/
M528/E52645) ....................................................................................................... 125
Control panel diagnostic owcharts (M506x/M507x, M527/E52545/
M528/E52645) ....................................................................................................... 140
Tools for troubleshooting ................................................................................................................................................... 145
Individual component diagnostics ................................................................................................................ 146
x ENWW
LED diagnostics (M501) ............................................................................................................. 147
Network port LEDs (M501) ................................................................................... 147
M501 control panel LEDs ..................................................................................... 147
LED diagnostics (all except M501) ........................................................................................... 149
Understand lights on the formatter ................................................................... 149
Heartbeat LED ........................................................................................................ 149
HP Jetdirect LEDs ................................................................................................... 151
Engine diagnostics ..................................................................................................................... 152
Engine test button ................................................................................................. 152
Defeating interlocks .............................................................................................. 153
Disable cartridge check (all except M501) ......................................................... 155
Paper path and sensor diagnostic tests (all except M501) ................................................. 156
Paper path test (all except M501) ....................................................................... 157
Paper path sensors test (all except M501) ........................................................ 159
Manual sensor tests (all except M501) .............................................................. 161
Tray/bin manual sensor test (all except M501) ................................................ 164
Print/stop test (all except M501) ............................................................................................. 167
Access the print/stop test from a touchscreen control panel ........................ 167
Access the print/stop test from a LCD control panel ....................................... 167
Common print stop test timing millisecond (ms) stops .................................. 168
Component tests (all except M501) ........................................................................................ 169
Individual component diagnostics (special-mode test; all except M501) .... 170
Scanner tests (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ..................................................................... 172
Scanner tests (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ................................................ 173
Diagrams .......................................................................................................................................................... 175
Diagrams: Block diagrams ........................................................................................................ 176
Sensors and switches ........................................................................................... 176
Cross section diagrams ......................................................................................... 178
Diagrams: Printed circuit assembly (PCA) connector locations ...................... 181
Diagrams: External plug and port locations ........................................................................... 185
Diagrams: Locations of major assemblies ............................................................................. 189
Main assemblies (printer base) ............................................................................ 189
Rollers and pads (printer base) ........................................................................... 190
Motor and fans ....................................................................................................... 190
Printed circuit assemblies (PCAs; printer base) ................................................ 191
Diagrams: General timing chart ............................................................................................... 192
Diagrams: General circuit diagrams ........................................................................................ 192
Internal test and information pages ............................................................................................................ 195
Print a conguration page ......................................................................................................... 196
Print the conguration page from a LCD control panel (M501) ..................... 196
ENWW xi
Print the conguration page from a LCD control panel (M506/E50045/
M507/E50145) ....................................................................................................... 197
Print the conguration page from a touchscreen control panel (M527/
E52545/M528/E52645) ....................................................................................... 198
HP embedded Jetdirect page (all except M501) ............................................... 199
Wireless page (all except M501) ......................................................................... 200
Finding important information on the conguration pages ........................... 202
Print a fuser test page (all except M501) ............................................................................... 204
Print a fuser test page from a touchscreen control panel .............................. 204
Print a fuser test page from a LCD control panel ............................................. 204
Advanced conguration with HP Embedded Web Server (EWS) and HP Device
Toolbox (Windows) (M501) ....................................................................................................... 206
Open the HP Embedded Web Server (EWS) from the Start menu ................. 206
Open the HP Embedded Web Server (EWS) from a Web browser ................. 206
Control panel menus (M501) ........................................................................................................................ 209
Setup menu ................................................................................................................................. 210
HP Web Services menu (M501) ........................................................................... 210
Reports menu (M501) ........................................................................................... 210
System Setup menu (M501) ................................................................................ 211
Service menu (M501) ............................................................................................ 215
Network Setup menu (M501) .............................................................................. 216
Quick Forms menu (M501) ................................................................................... 217
Function specic menus (M501) .............................................................................................. 218
Apps (M501) ........................................................................................................... 218
Jobs (M501) ............................................................................................................ 218
Supplies Status (M501) ......................................................................................... 218
Control panel menus (all except M501) ...................................................................................................... 219
Reports menu ............................................................................................................................. 219
Settings menu ............................................................................................................................. 222
General menu (all except M501) ......................................................................... 222
Print menu (M506/E50045/M507/E50145) and Copy/Print menu
(M527/E52545/M528/E52645) .......................................................................... 228
Scan/Digital Send Settings menu (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) .............. 249
Fax menu (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ....................................................... 257
Manage Supplies menu ........................................................................................ 267
Networking menu .................................................................................................. 269
Support Tools menu ................................................................................................................... 281
Maintenance menu (all except M501) ................................................................ 282
Troubleshooting menu ......................................................................................... 283
Error code and control panel message troubleshooting overview ......................................................... 289
Error codes .................................................................................................................................. 289
xii ENWW
How to search for printer documentation .............................................................................. 291
Resolve print-quality problems ......................................................................................................................................... 295
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 295
Resolving print quality problems .................................................................................................................. 296
Print from a dierent software program ................................................................................ 296
Check the paper-type setting for the print job ...................................................................... 297
Check the paper type setting on the printer ..................................................... 297
Check the paper type setting (Windows) ........................................................... 297
Check the paper type setting (macOS) ............................................................... 297
Check toner-cartridge status .................................................................................................... 298
Step one: Print the Supplies Status Page .......................................................... 298
Step two: Check supplies status .......................................................................... 298
Print a cleaning page ................................................................................................................. 298
Visually inspect the toner cartridge or cartridges ................................................................. 299
Check paper and the printing environment ............................................................................ 300
Step one: Use paper that meets HP specications .......................................... 300
Step two: Check the environment ....................................................................... 300
Step three: Set the individual tray alignment .................................................... 300
Try a dierent print driver ......................................................................................................... 301
Troubleshoot image defects .................................................................................................... 301
Print quality troubleshooting guide .................................................................................................................................. 310
Image defects table ........................................................................................................................................ 310
Product specic image defects ..................................................................................................................... 314
Repetitive image defect ruler ................................................................................................... 315
Use a ruler to measure between repetitive defects ........................................ 316
Print-quality troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 320
Image defect events .............................................................................................. 321
Image defect (developmental) events ............................................................... 352
Other events ........................................................................................................... 407
Clean the printer .................................................................................................................................................................. 424
Clean the paper path ...................................................................................................................................... 424
Print a cleaning page ...................................................................................................................................... 425
Print the cleaning page from a LCD control panel (M501) ................................................... 425
Print the cleaning page from a LCD control panel (M506/E50045/M507/E50145) ....... 425
Print the cleaning page from a touchscreen control panel (M527/E52545/M528/
E52645) ....................................................................................................................................... 426
Enable and congure auto cleaning (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ................................................... 426
Check the scanner glass for dirt and smudges (M527/E52545/M528/E52645) ................................. 426
Clean the pickup rollers and separation pad in the document feeder (M527/E52545/M528/
E52645) ............................................................................................................................................................ 428
Clean the Tray 1 roller and separation pad ................................................................................................. 430
ENWW xiii
Step 1: Remove the roller ......................................................................................................... 430
Step 2: Remove the separation pad assembly ...................................................................... 431
Step 3: Clean the Tray 1 roller and separation pad ............................................................... 433
Step 4: Install the separation pad assembly .......................................................................... 433
Step 5: Install the roller ............................................................................................................. 435
Clean the Tray 2-X rollers .............................................................................................................................. 438
Step 1: Remove the tray ............................................................................................................ 438
Step 2: Remove the roller assembly ....................................................................................... 439
Step 3: Clean the Tray 2-X rollers ............................................................................................ 440
Step 4: Install the roller assembly ........................................................................................... 441
Step 5: Install the tray ................................................................................................................ 443
Solve paper handling problems ........................................................................................................................................ 445
Printer feeds incorrect page size .................................................................................................................. 445
Printer pulls from incorrect tray ................................................................................................................... 445
Printer will not duplex or duplexes incorrectly .......................................................................................... 445
Paper does not feed from Tray 2-X ............................................................................................................. 446
Output is curled or wrinkled .......................................................................................................................... 446
Printer does not pick up paper or misfeeds ................................................................................................ 448
The printer does not pick up paper ......................................................................................... 448
The printer picks up multiple sheets of paper ....................................................................... 448
The document feeder jams, skews, or picks up multiple sheets of paper (M527/
E52545/M528/E52645) ............................................................................................................ 449
Paper does not feed automatically ......................................................................................... 449
Clear paper jams .................................................................................................................................................................. 450
Paper path jam sensor locations .................................................................................................................. 450
Auto-navigation for clearing jams ................................................................................................................ 451
Experiencing frequent or recurring paper jams? ....................................................................................... 452
Clear paper jams in the document feeder .................................................................................................. 452
Clear paper jams in Tray 1 ............................................................................................................................. 455
Clear paper jams in Tray 2 and the 550-sheet trays ................................................................................. 458
Clear paper jams in the toner-cartridge area ............................................................................................. 461
Clear paper jams in the rear door and the fuser area ............................................................................... 463
Clear paper jams in the output bin ............................................................................................................... 464
Clear paper jams in the duplexer .................................................................................................................. 465
Change jam recovery (all except M501) ...................................................................................................... 470
Change jam recovery from a touchscreen control panel ..................................................... 470
Change jam recovery from a LCD control panel .................................................................... 470
Solve performance problems ............................................................................................................................................ 472
Factors aecting print performance ............................................................................................................ 472
Print speeds ..................................................................................................................................................... 473
The printer does not print or it prints slowly .............................................................................................. 475
xiv ENWW
The printer does not print ......................................................................................................... 475
The printer prints slowly ........................................................................................................... 475
Solve connectivity problems .............................................................................................................................................. 477
Solve USB connection problems ................................................................................................................... 477
Solve wired network problems ..................................................................................................................... 478
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 478
Poor physical connection .......................................................................................................... 478
The computer is using the incorrect IP address for the printer .......................................... 478
The computer is unable to communicate with the printer .................................................. 478
The printer is using incorrect link and duplex settings for the network ............................ 479
New software programs might be causing compatibility problems .................................. 479
The computer or workstation might be set up incorrectly .................................................. 479
The printer is disabled, or other network settings are incorrect ........................................ 479
Service mode functions (M501) ........................................................................................................................................ 480
Service menu (M501) ..................................................................................................................................... 480
Service menu settings .................................................................................................................................... 480
Restore the factory-set defaults .................................................................................................................. 481
Restore the factory-set defaults from a LCD control panel (M501) .................................. 481
Secondary service menu (M501) .................................................................................................................. 482
Open the secondary service menu (M501) ............................................................................ 483
Open the secondary service menu from a LCD control panel (M501) .......... 483
Secondary service menu structure (M501) ............................................................................ 483
Printer resets (M501) ..................................................................................................................................... 485
NVRAM initialization (M501) ..................................................................................................... 485
Service mode functions (all except M501) ...................................................................................................................... 486
Service menu (all except M501) ................................................................................................................... 487
Open the service menu from a touchscreen control panel ................................................. 487
Open the service menu from a LCD control panel ................................................................ 487
Service menu items .................................................................................................................... 488
Printer resets (all except M501) ................................................................................................................... 492
Restore factory-set defaults (all except M501) ..................................................................... 493
Restore factory-set defaults from a touchscreen control panel ................... 493
Restore factory-set defaults from a LCD control panel .................................. 493
Restore the service ID (all except M501) ................................................................................ 494
Restore the service ID ........................................................................................... 494
Convert the service ID to an actual date ............................................................ 494
Printer cold reset (all except M501) ........................................................................................ 495
Cold reset using the Pre-boot menu from a touchscreen control panel ...... 495
Cold reset using the Pre-boot menu from a LCD control panel ..................... 495
Format Disk and Partial Clean functions (all except M501) ..................................................................... 497
Active and repository rmware locations ............................................................................... 497
ENWW xv
Partial Clean ................................................................................................................................ 498
Execute a Partial Clean ......................................................................................... 499
Format Disk ................................................................................................................................. 500
Execute a Format Disk .......................................................................................... 501
Firmware upgrades (M501) ............................................................................................................................................... 502
Determine the installed revision of rmware (M501) ............................................................................... 502
Method one: Update the rmware using the control panel (M501) ....................................................... 503
Method two: Update the rmware using the Firmware Update Utility (M501) ..................................... 503
Firmware upgrades (all except M501) ............................................................................................................................. 505
Determine the installed revision of rmware (all except M501) ............................................................. 506
Print the conguration page from a touchscreen control panel ......................................... 506
Print the conguration page from a LCD control panel ........................................................ 506
Perform a rmware upgrade (all except M501) ......................................................................................... 508
HP Embedded Web Server (all except M501) ........................................................................ 508
USB ash drive (Pre-boot menu) (all except M501) ............................................................. 509
USB ash drive rmware (Pre-boot menu) update from a touchscreen
control panel ........................................................................................................... 509
USB ash drive rmware (Pre-boot menu) update from a LCD control
panel ........................................................................................................................ 510
USB ash drive (control panel menu) (all except M501) ...................................................... 511
USB ash drive rmware (control panel menu) update from a
touchscreen control panel .................................................................................... 511
USB ash drive rmware (control panel menu) update from a LCD
control panel ........................................................................................................... 511
Solve fax or email problems .............................................................................................................................................. 512
Appendix A Printer specications ......................................................................................................................................................... 515
Printer dimensions .............................................................................................................................................................. 516
HP LaserJet Pro M501 dimensions .............................................................................................................. 516
HP LaserJet Enterprise M506/E50045/M507/E50145 dimensions ...................................................... 518
HP LaserJet Enterprise MFP M527/E52545/M528/E52645 dimensions .............................................. 520
Printer space requirements ............................................................................................................................................... 523
Power consumption, electrical specications, and acoustic emissions ...................................................................... 524
Operating-environment range .......................................................................................................................................... 524
Certicate of Volatility ......................................................................................................................................................... 524
Index ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 535
xvi ENWW
1 Theory of operations
Learn about the printer theory of operations.
●
Conventions used in this guide
●
HP service and support
●
Basic operation
●
Formatter-control system
●
Engine-control system
●
Engine laser/scanner system
●
Paper handling system
●
Input accessories
●
Scanning and image capture system (M527/E52545/M528/E52645)
●
Document feeder system (M527/E52545/M528/E52645)
Conventions used in this guide
Learn about the conventions used in this publication.
TIP: Tips provide helpful hints or shortcuts.
NOTE: Notes provide important information to explain a concept or to complete a task.
CAUTION: Cautions indicate procedures that you should follow to avoid losing data or damaging the product.
WARNING! Warnings alert you to specic procedures that you should follow to avoid personal injury,
catastrophic loss of data, or extensive damage to the product.
HP service and support
Learn about HP access to additional service and support information.
Additional service and support for channel partners
Channel partners go to partner.hp.com, and then use the steps below to access the HP Web-based Interactive
Search Engine (WISE).
ENWW 1
Access WISE for Channel partners
1. Select Services & Support, and then select Services Delivery.
2. Select Technical Support, and then select Technical Documentation.
Find information about the following topics
● Service manuals
● Service advisories
●
Up-to-date control panel message (CPMD) troubleshooting
● Solutions for printer issues and emerging issues
● Remove and replace part instructions and videos
● Install and congure
● Printer specications
● Warranty and regulatory information
Additional service and support for HP internal personnel
HP internal personnel, go to one of the following Web-based Interactive Search Engine (WISE) sites:
Americas (AMS)
● WISE - English
● WISE - Spanish
● WISE - Portuguese
● WISE - French
Asia Pacic / Japan (APJ)
● WISE - English
● WISE - Japanese
● WISE - Korean
● WISE - Chinese (simplied)
● WISE - Chinese (traditional)
● WISE - Thai
Europe / Middle East / Africa (EMEA)
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2 Chapter 1 Theory of operations ENWW
Basic operation
Engine-control system
Laser scanner system
Image-formation system
Pickup, feed, and delivery system
Accessory
Engine-control system
Laser scanner system
Image-formation system
Pickup, feed, and delivery system
Accessor
y
The printer routes all high-level processes through the formatter, which stores font information, processes the
print image, and communicates with the host computer.
●
Sequence of operation
The basic printer operation comprises the following systems:
● The engine-control system, which includes the high-voltage and low-voltage power supplies (HVPS and
LVPS), fuser control circuits, and the DC controller printed circuit assembly (PCA)
● The laser/scanner system, which forms the latent image on the photosensitive drum
● The image-formation system, which transfers a toner image onto the paper
● The pickup, feed and delivery system, which uses a system of rollers and belts to transport the paper
through the printer
● Accessory (optional paper feeder)
Figure 1-1 Relationship between the main printer systems
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Figure 1-2 System block diagram
Sequence of operation
Review the following information about how the DC controller PCA controls the printer operating sequence.
Table
1-1 Sequence of operation
Period Duration Description
Waiting From the time the power is turned on, the door is
Standby From the end of the waiting sequence, the last rotation
closed, or when the printer exits Sleep mode until the
printer is ready for printing.
until the formatter receives a print command, or until
the printer is turned o.
● Heats the fuser lm in the fuser
● Detects the toner cartridge
● Rotates and stops each motor
● Rotates and stops each fan
● Cleans the transfer roller
● Is in the Ready state
● Enters Sleep mode if the formatter sends the
sleep command
● Rotates and stops each fan
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Table 1-1 Sequence of operation (continued)
Period Duration Description
Initial rotation From the time the formatter receives a print command
until the paper enters the paper path.
Printing From the time the rst sheet of paper enters the paper
path until the last sheet has passed through the fuser.
Last rotation From the time the last sheet of paper exits the fuser
until the motors stop rotating.
● Rotates each motor
● Rotates each fan
● Activates the high-voltage power supply (high-
voltage bias)
● Prepares the laser/scanner unit
● Warms the fuser to the correct temperature
● Forms the image on the photosensitive drums
● Transfers the toner to the paper
● Fuses the toner image onto the paper
● Stops each motor
● Stops each fan
● Stops the high-voltage power supply (high-
voltage bias)
● Stops the laser/scanner unit
● Turns the fuser heater o
● If another print command is received, the printer
enters the initial rotation period when the last
rotation is complete.
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Formatter-control system
Review the following information about how the formatter operates.
●
Sleep mode (all except M501)
●
Sleep delay (M501)
●
Auto On / Auto O mode (M501)
●
Printer job language (PJL)
●
Printer management language (PML)
●
Control panel
●
Easy-access USB port (all except M501)
●
Wireless (wireless models only)
●
Low end data model (LEDM) overview (M501)
●
Advanced control language (ACL) overview (M501)
●
Near eld communication (NFC models only)
●
CPU
●
Input/output (I/O)
●
Memory
The formatter performs the following functions:
● Controls sleep mode
● Receives and processes print data from the various printer interfaces
● Monitors control panel functions and relaying printer status information through the control panel and the
network or bi-directional interface
● Develops and coordinates data placement and timing with the DC controller PCA
● Stores font information
● Communicates with the host computer through the network or the bidirectional interface
The formatter receives a print job from the network or bidirectional interface and separates it into image
information and instructions that control the printing process. The DC controller PCA synchronizes the image
formation system with the paper input and output systems, and then signals the formatter to send the print
image data.
Sleep mode (all except M501)
This feature conserves power after the printer has been idle for an adjustable period of time. When the printer is
in Sleep mode, the printer retains all settings, downloaded fonts, and macros. The default setting is for Sleep
mode to be enabled, and the printer enters Sleep mode after a 30-second idle time.
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NOTE: In the General Settings menu (a submenu of the Administration menu), this item is termed Sleep Timer
Settings.
The printer rmware uses a combination of timers and Sleep settings to control when the printer enters a
dierent state, as well as what states the printer will enter. The available states are listed below, in descending
order, from using the most power to using the least power:
● Active: The printer control panel is fully illuminated. The power button light is illuminated.
● Shallow sleep: The printer control panel is dim and the content is grayed out, but is still readable. The
power button light is illuminated.
● Sleep: The printer control panel is o (blacked out). The power button light blinks once every three
seconds.
● Deep sleep: The printer control panel is o (blacked out). The power button light blinks once every three
seconds. The control panel and power button appearance is the same in this state as the sleep state.
However, the printer is drawing less than 1 watt of power in the deep sleep state (as opposed to 6 watts of
power in the sleep state).
● O: This state is entered by pressing the power button or removing power from the printer. The power
button light is not illuminated.
The printer exits Sleep mode and enters the warm-up cycle when any of the following events occur:
● The printer receives a print job, valid data, or a PML or PJL command.
● A control-panel button is pressed or the touchscreen is touched.
● A cover or door is opened.
● The engine-test switch is pressed.
● A paper tray, other than Tray 1, is opened.
NOTE: If the printer is in the deep sleep state, opening a paper tray will not cause the printer to exit Sleep
mode.
NOTE: Printer error messages override the Sleep message. The printer enters Sleep mode at the appropriate
time, but the error message continues to appear.
TIP: When the printer is in Sleep mode, the sub-power supply is o and the low-voltage power supply is on.
Sleep delay (M501)
When the printer is in sleep delay mode, the control-panel backlight is turned o, but the printer retains all
printer settings, downloaded fonts, and macros.
The default setting is a 5-minute idle time. This setting can be changed by using the control panel menus or the
HP Embedded Web Server (EWS).
The printer exits sleep delay mode and enters the warm-up cycle when any of the following occurs:
● A print job, valid data, or a PML or PJL command is received at the serial port.
● The control panel is touched (button press or touchscreen touch depending on model).
● A tray is opened.
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TIP: Error messages override the sleep delay message. The printer enters sleep mode at the appropriate time,
but the error message continues to appear.
Auto On / Auto O mode (M501)
Use the following procedure to select the Sleep/Auto O delay time.
1. On the printer control panel, press the OK button.
2. Open the following menus:
● System Setup
● Energy Settings
● Sleep/Auto O After
3. Use the arrow keys to select the time for the Sleep/Auto O delay, and then press the OK button.
Printer job language (PJL)
PJL is an integral part of printer conguration, in addition to the standard printer command language (PCL) and
PostScript (PS).
With standard cabling, the printer can use PJL to perform a variety of functions, such as these:
● Two-way communication with the host computer through a network connection or a USB device port: The
printer can inform the host about the control-panel settings, and the control-panel settings can be
changed from the host.
● Dynamic I/O switching: The printer uses this switching to be congured with a host on each I/O. The printer
can receive data from more than one I/O simultaneously, until the I/O buer is full. This can occur even
when the printer is oine.
● Context-sensitive switching: The printer can automatically recognize the personality (PS or PCL) of each job
and congure itself to serve that personality.
● Isolation of print environment settings from one print job to the next: For example, if a print job is sent to
the printer in landscape mode, the subsequent print jobs print in landscape only if they are formatted for
landscape printing.
Printer management language (PML)
PML allows remote conguration of the printer and status read-back from the printer through the I/O ports.
Control panel
Review the following information about the printer control panels.
The M501n and M501dn control panel is a 2-line backlit control panel display with numeric keypad and
additional buttons for navigating control panel menus.
The M506n and M506dn control panel is a 4-line backlit control panel display with numeric keypad and
additional buttons for navigating control panel menus. The M506x, M507x, and E50145dn control panel is a 10.9
cm (4.3 in) full-color SVGA with infrared touchscreen and adjustable viewing angle.
The M507n and M507dn control panel is a 6.9 cm (2.7 in) QVGA LCD color control panel with numeric keypad.
8 Chapter 1 Theory of operations ENWW
The control panel for all of the M527, M528, and E52645 models is a 20.3 cm (8 in) full-color SVGA with infrared
touchscreen and adjustable viewing angle.
Easy-access USB port (all except M501)
All models feature easy-access USB printing, for quickly printing les without sending them from a computer.
The printer accepts standard USB ash drives in the USB port (usually found near the control panel). It supports
the following types of les:
● .pdf
● .jpg
● .prn and .PRN
● .cht and .CHT
● .pxl
● .pcl and .PCL
● .ps and .PS
● .doc and .docx
● .ppt and .pptx
The USB port is disabled by default. Follow the instructions in the printer user guide to enable the USB port and
print USB documents.
Wireless (wireless models only)
The M506x/M507x and M527z/M528z models contain a wireless card to enable wireless direct printing over an
802.11b/g/n wireless connection.
NOTE: This card does not enable the printer to connect to the network.
Low end data model (LEDM) overview (M501)
The low-end data model (LEDM) provides one consistent data representation method and denes the dynamic
and capabilities tickets shared between clients and devices, as well as the access protocol, event, security, and
discovery methods.
Advanced control language (ACL) overview (M501)
The advanced control language (ACL) is a language that supports printer control and rmware downloads in
printers that support both PJL/PCL and host-based printing.
Each sequence of ACL commands must be preceded by a unied exit command (UEL) and an @PJL ENTER
LANGUAGE=ACL command. The ACL sequence is always followed by a UEL. Any number of commands can be
placed between the UELs. The only exception to these rules is the download command. If a rmware download
is done, the download command must be the last command in the sequence. It will not be followed by a UEL.
The rmware searches for the UEL sequence when parsing commands. However, while downloading binary data
such as host-based code or NVRAM data the rmware suspends UEL parsing. To handle hosts that “disappear”
during binary sequences, the rmware times out all ACL command sessions. If a timeout occurs during a non-
ENWW Formatter-control system 9
download command sequence, it is treated as the receipt of a UEL. If a timeout occurs during rmware
download, the printer resets.
Near eld communication (NFC models only)
The M506x and M527z models support NFC capabilities.
NFC enables a connection between the printer and a mobile device, such as a smartphone or tablet, by touching
the device to the NFC icon on the bottom of the control panel. Documents and images from the mobile device
can then be printed through the wireless card on the printer.
NOTE: The customer can purchase a NFC accessory and add this functionality to other M506/M507/E50145
and M527/M528/E52645 models.
CPU
The formatter incorporates a 1.2 GHz processor.
Input/output (I/O)
The printer supports the following interfaces:
● Hi-Speed USB 2.0
● USB hosts
● 10/100/1000 Ethernet LAN connection with IPv4 and IPv6
● Fax PCA (fax models only)
NOTE: The M527/M528/E52645 printers include a fax phone line connection.
● Easy-access USB printing (no computer required; M506/M507/E50145 and M527/M528/E52645)
● HP near eld communication (NFC) for printing from mobile devices (M506x and M527z models only)
● Wi-Fi Direct for printing from mobile devices (M506x/M507x and M527z/M528z models only)
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Memory
Firmware
The formatter incorporates dierent types of memory and storage to store the printer rmware as well as printjob data and user settings.
●
Firmware
●
Nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM)
●
Random access memory (RAM)
●
HP Memory Enhancement technology (MEt)
NOTE: M501 only: If the printer encounters a problem when managing available memory, a clearable warning
message displays on the control panel.
For the M501, Memory on the formatter stores the rmware. A remote rmware upgrade process is used to
overwrite and upgrade the rmware.
For the M506n/M507n, M506dn/M507dn/E50145dn, M506x/M507x, and M527dn/M528dn/E52645dn models,
the embedded Multi-Media Card (eMMC) on the formatter stores the rmware. For the M527c/M528c/E52645c,
M527f/M528f, and M527z/M528z models, the high-performance hard disk (HDD) stores the rmware. A
rmware upgrade process is used to overwrite and upgrade the rmware. The upgrade can use a network
connection (remote upgrade) or be accomplished by using a USB ash drive.
Nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM)
The printer uses NVRAM to store printer and user conguration settings.
The contents of NVRAM are retained when the printer is turned o or disconnected.
Random access memory (RAM)
The RAM on the formatter serves as a temporary storage area for printing and system operation.
HP Memory Enhancement technology (MEt)
MEt eectively doubles the amount of standard memory through a variety of font- and data-compression
methods.
NOTE: MEt is available only when printing in printer command language (PCL) mode. It is not functional when
printing in PostScript (PS) mode.
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Engine-control system
Formatter
Engine-control system
DC controller
Low-voltage power supply
Laser scanner system
Image-formation system
Pickup, feed, and delivery
system
Accessory
High-voltage power supplies
Fuser power supply
Formatter
Engine-control system
DC controller
Low-voltage power suppl
y
Laser scanner system
Image-formation system
Pickup, feed, and delivery
sy
stem
Accessor
y
igh-voltage power supplies
Fuser power suppl
y
The engine-control system receives commands from the formatter and interacts with the other main systems to
coordinate all printer functions.
●
DC controller
●
Low-voltage power supply (LVPS)
●
High-voltage power supply
●
Fuser control
Figure 1-3 Engine-control system
12 Chapter 1 Theory of operations ENWW
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