HP J3100B Installation And Configuration Manual

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Installation and
Confi g urat io n G uide

HP J3100B

HP AdvanceStack Switch 2000

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HP Customer Support Services

How to get the latest software/agent firmware

You can download from the World Wide Web, HP FTP Library Service, CompuServe,
and HP BBS a compressed file (j3100b.exe) containing the latest version of the HP
Switch 2000 software and proprietary MIB, the HP J3108A FDDI Module software, and
a software download utility file (update.ex e). After you download the file, extract the
file by typing

World Wid e Web

Select the “Support” section.
From this web site, you can also download information on the HP networking

products. If you have a growing network, download the Designing HP AdvanceStack
Workgroup Networks Guide or call 1-80 0-752-0900 in the U.S. to receive a copy through
the mail.

filename

http://www.hp.com/go/network_city

ANDPRESSING

[Enter]. For example, j3100b [Enter].

HP FTP L ibrary Servic e

1. FTP to Internet IP Address — ftp ftp.hp.com.

2. Log in as anonymous and press [Return] at the pa s swor d prompt.

3. Enter bin to set the transfer type.

4. Enter cd /pub/networking/software.

5. Enter get

CompuServe

1. Login to CompuServe.

2. Go to the “hp” service.

3. Select “HP Systems, Disks, Tapes, etc.”

4. Select “Networking Products” library.

$OWNLOAD

5.

HP BBS

Set your modem to no parity, e ight bits, 1 st op bit, set speed u p to 14 400 bps, and with
your telecomm unicati on progr am (e.g. , Win dows Termi nal) dial [phone] in the
U.S. to get the latest software for your HP networking product. For other countries,
see http://www.hp.com/cposupport/eschome.html.

filename

filename

to transfer the file to your computer, then quit.

and then quit.

✂

(over for more services)

Obtain the latest console code (j3100b.exe) from

HP FTP Library: ftp ftp-boi.external.hp.com
World Wide Web: http ://www.hp.com/go/network_city
HP BBS: [phone]

(over)

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HP FIRST Fax Retrieval Service

HP FIRST is an automated fax retr ieval ser vice th at is avail able 24 hours a day, seven
days a week. HP FIRST provides information on the following topics:

■ Product information

■ Troubleshooting instructions

■ Technical reviews and articles

■ Configuration information

To access HP FIRST, dial one of the following phone numbers:

Location Phone Number

U.S. and Canad a Only Dial 1 (80 0) 333-1 917 with your fa x mac hine o r to uch -tone phon e

and press 1.
Outside the U.S. and Canada Dial 1 [phone] from your fax machine and press 9.
To re c eiv e a li st of c ur re nt l y a va i lab l e docu me nt s , e nt er do cu me nt n um ber 1 99 41. Th e inf o rm ati o n

you requested will be sent to you by return fax. For other countries, see http://www.hp.com/
cposupport/eschome.html.

Additional HP Support Services

In addition to the above services, you can purchase various HP telephone support
services which provide you expert HP technical assistance:

■ Network Phone-In Support provides you support at an hourly rate. In the U.S.,

call 1-800-790- 5544. In other countries, please contact your local HP Response
Center to see if this service is available in your country.

■ HP SupportPack Comprehensive Network Support provides complete prob-

lem resolution for medium to large interconnected local and wide area
networks. Contact your HP Authorized Reseller or the nearest HP Sales and
Support Office for more information.

HP offers other hardware support services. Please contact your resel ler for more
information.

✂

CompuServe: Go hpsys

Lib 7.
Download j3100b.exe

Network Phone-In
Support (hourly):

1-800-790-5544

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HP AdvanceStack Switch 2000

Installation and Configuration Guide

HP J3100B

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© Copyright 1997 Hewlett-Packard Company
All Rights Reserved.

This document contains information which is protected by
copyright. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without
prior permission is prohibit ed, except as al lowed under the
copyright laws.

Publ ication N umber

5966-5212
March 1997

Applicable Produ ct

HP J3100B

Disclaimer

The information contained in this document is subject to
change wi th out notice.

HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard shall not
be liabl e for er rors con tained her ei n or for inc ide ntal or
conseq uential damages in connecti on with the furnishi ng,
perfor mance, or use of this material.

Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or
reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished
by Hewlett -P a ck a r d.

Warran ty

A copy of the specific warr anty terms applicable to your
Hewlett-Packard pr oducts and rep lacement parts can be
obtained from your HP Sales and Service Office or
authoriz ed dealer.

Hewlett-Packard Company
8000 Foothills Boulevard, m/s 5551
Rosevil le, California 95747-5551

http://www.hp.com/go/network_city

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Preface

Use of This Guide and Other Swit ch 2000
Documentation

This guide describes how to install the B-version of the Switch 2000 (HP
J3100B) in your network and use the console in ter f ace for the
HP AdvanceStack Switch 2000 (hereafter referred to as the “Switch 2000”).

Preface

Operating
Differences

This manual describe s featur es of the B-version of the Hewlett-Packard
Switch 2000 (H P J3100 B). In s ome cases , such as the Spa nning Tree Prot ocol
(operating within VLANs) and port trunking capabilities, there are significant
operating d ifferences between the A-versio n o f the Switch 2000 (HP J3100A)
and the B-versi on. F or informa tion on the f eatur es avail able i n the A-vers ion,
refer to the manuals shipped with that product.

Important! Before installing or removing an interface module (or installing
or removing a transceiver used with a module), refer to the specific module
documentation describing these procedures.

■ If you need information on spec ific parameters in the console interface,

refer to the online help provided in th e interface.

■ If you need further information on Hewlett-Packard switch technology,

refer to the HP AdvanceStac k Pr oducts CD shipped with your Switch

2000.

iii

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Preface

Overview of Console Appl ications

Figure 1. Example of the HP AdvanceStack Switch 2000 with Optional Modules

and Transceivers installed

When powered-up in the factory defa ult co n f igu ration, the Switch 2000
automatically operates as a multiport learni n g brid ge with the following
configuration:

■ All installed ports are enabled and are members of a single broadcast

domain

■ Spanning tree protocol (STP) is disabled

The console interface provides the following cap ab ilities for use when you
want to move beyond this basic level of operation:

■ Monitoring system performance and status

■ Customizing the system configuration for improved performance and

unique system requirements

■ Enabling network management (SNMP) access

■ Setting passwords to help protect system security

■ Downloading system software updates

■ Troubleshooting

iv

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Contents

1 Installing the Switch

Install ation Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1. Install Add-In Modules (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

2. Install the Redundant Power Supply (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

3. Verify the Switch’s Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

4. Mount the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

5. Complete the Network Connections to the Switch . . . . . . . . . . 1-12

6. Connec t a Console Device (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14

Where To Go from Here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18

2 Using the Console Interface

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Starting and Ending a Con sole Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Main Menu Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Screen Structure and Naviga tio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Using Passwor d Securi ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Rebooting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Resetting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

Advanced Commands Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

v

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3 Conf iguring the Switch

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Configurable Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

System Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Port Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

IPX Service Featur es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Internet (IP) Service Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

SNMP Communities Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Trap R ecei ve r s Feat u res . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13

IP Multicast (IGMP) Service Features—Multimedia Traffic Control 3-14

Serial Link Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Console Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Spanning Tree Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Traffic/Security Filter Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Virtual LAN (VLAN) Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Network Monitoring Port Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) Features—Layer 3 Switching 3-23

4 Monitor ing and Analyzing Switch Operation from the

Console

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Status and Counte rs Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Switch Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Port Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Port Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Spanning Tree (STP) Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Module Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

IP Multicast (IGMP) Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

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5 Using SNMP To Monitor and Manage the Switch

SNMP Man a gement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

SNMP Configuration Proc e s s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

6 Using the Advanced Comma nds

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

7 Advanced Concepts

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Spanning Tree Proto c ol (STP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Port Trunking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Filters and Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Virtual LANs (VLA Ns) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

Effect of VLANs on Other Switch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

How To Configure a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

VLAN Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

IP Multicast (IGMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

How IGMP Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

How To Configure IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26

Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30

How ABC Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30

How To Configure ABC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-32

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8 File Transfers

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Downloading an Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

Using TFTP To Do wnload the OS File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

Switch-to-Switch Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

Troubleshooting TFTP Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

Transferring Switch 2000 Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9

9 Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Diagnos i ng with the LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

Installation Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Incorrect Hardware Ins tallation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Console RS-232 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Cabling Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7

100VG Connection Prob lems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8

Unusual Network Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8

Diagnostic Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9

Testing Twisted-Pair Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9

Testing End-to-End Network Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9

Testing Switch-to-Device Network Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

Customer Support Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

A Cables and Connectors

Recommended Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2

Twisted-Pair Cable/Connector Pin-Outs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Twisted-Pair Cable Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6

RS-232 Connector and Cable Pin-Outs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A- 7

RS-232-C “Null Modem” Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8

Minimum Cable Pin-out for Direct Console Connection . . . . . . . . . . A-8

RS-232 Modem Cabl e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9

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B Specifications

Physical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B- 2

Electromagnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B- 2

C Sample Console Configu r ations

Windows 3.1 Terminal Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Procomm Plus V2.01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2

Other Termi nal Emulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3

D Switch Reference

Front of Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

Back of the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7

E BOOTP Operation

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

The Bootp Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

Bootp Database Record Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2

Configuring Bootp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3

F MAC Address Management

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1

Switch (Default) MAC Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-2

VLAN MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-3

MAC Addresses (for Sp anning Tree Operatio n) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-4

Safety and R egulatory Statement s

Index

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1

Installing the Switch

Installation Summary

This chapter describes the installation procedures for the HP J3100B
AdvanceStack Swit ch 2000 (hereafter referred to as the Switch 2000).
The following is a summary of those procedures:

1. Install interface modules and transceivers (optional). The best time
to install Sw itch 2000 interface modules and their rel ated transceivers is
prior to powering up the switch or during scheduled down times. Note

that, because the Switch 2000 allows module changes (“hot swaps”) while
operating, you can make hardware changes once the switch is in use. That
is, you can replace one module with anoth er modul e of the sa me type
without needing to reboot the switch. Similarly, you can install a module
in an unused slot without needing to reboot the switch. (An “unused slot”
is one that has not been used since the last time the switch was rebooted.)
However, it is necessary to remove a particular interface module from the
Switch 2000 before adding, removing, or changing a transceiver in that
module. In cases where one module is exchanged for another of a different
type, it is necessary to reboot or reset the switch. This procedure is
described later in this chapter and also in the installation guides for the
various interf ace modules that are compatible wit h the Swi t ch 2000.

Installing the Switch

2. Install the optional redundant power supply (RP S) . This optional
power supply (HP J3136A AdvanceStack Switch 2000 Redundant Power
Supply) shares the power requirement load with the switch’s main power
supply, and will keep the switch operating in the unlikely event that the
main power supply fails.

3. Verify the switch’s operation. This is a simple process of applying
power to the Switc h 2000 and ensuring that the LEDs on th e switch’s front
panel respond properly.

4. Mount the switch in a rack or place it on a tabletop.
Hewlett-Packar d sells 19-inch free-standing equipment racks. To order a
rack, contact your HP-authorized LAN dealer.

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

Installation Summary

Warning Install the S wi tch 2000 only on a t abl etop or in an equ ipm e nt rack or

cabinet designed for this product. The Switch 2000 weighs a minimum
of 17.3 lbs (7.86 kilos) with no in terface modules or redundant power
supply installed. Rack or cabinet mounting should be done by two
people. If the rack or cabinet is empty, install the Switch 2000 at the
bottom; if not, install the switch as close to the bottom as possible.
(If a lightwe i ght device is already installed at the bottom, you may

Installing the Switch

want to remove it, install the Switch 2000 at the botto m, then reinstall
the lightweight device above the Switch 2000.) If the Switch 2000 is
mounted high , the rack or cabi net may b ecome u nsta bl e an d poss ib l y
fall over.

5. Connect the S witch 2000 to a n etwork and connect co mputers and/

or other devices to the switch’s ports.

6. Configure the Switch 2000. The Switch 2000, in its factory default
configuration , operates as a multiport transparent bridge. You will need
to use the console interface to configur e the swit ch for additional func­tionality. Initially, this requires one of the following:

• A PC with a terminal emulator connected to th e Consol e RS- 232 port

on the switch either directly or via a modem

• An actual terminal directly connec ted to the Console RS-232 port on

the switch

(For examples of terminal emulator configurations, refer to appendix C,
“Sample Console Configurations ”.)

7. After receiving a minimal IP or IPX configuration through one of the above
options, you can also access the console interface via Telnet or use a
network management tool for some configuration and monitoring func­tions.

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1. Install Add-In Modules (Optional)

1. Install Add-In Modules (Optional)

To begin operating in your network, the Switch 2000 needs at least one
interface module. If you need to install a module, refer to the instructions you
received with the module(s) you plan to use. Note that you must install any
optional transceivers in a module before installing the module in the Switch
2000, or remove the module from the switch before installing an optional
transceiver. (Refer to the documentation for the specific module.) For exam­ple, the HP J3102A AdvanceStack Switch 2000 4-Port 10Base-T module illus­trated below is shown with the optional HP J2608A ThinLAN transceiver
installed. (Transceivers must be purchased separately.)

Installing the Switch

Installing the Switch

Caution If you will be installing or removing a module while the switch is operating,

refer to the documentation you received with the module for important
information, including any “readme” file on the disk shipped with the module.

Also, refer to the module documentation if you will be installing or removing
a transceiver from a module in an operatin g Swi t ch 2000.

Standar d 10Base-T portsOptional Transceiver

Figure 1-1. HP J3102A Interface Module With Optional Transceiver Installed

It may be more convenien t to instal l a module before in stalling the Switch 2000
into a rack or other location. Inspect your inst allation site and identify whether
the switch’s module slots will be accessible.

For a description of currently available modules, contact your HP-authorized
LAN dealer.

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

2. Install the Redundant Power Supply (Optional)

2. Install the Redundant Power Supply

(Optional)

Caution Disconnect the power supply from the Switch 2000 before installing the

Installing the Switch

Note For important information on how to install the HP J3136A AdvanceStack

redundant power supply (RPS). Otherwise, damage to the switch’s
components could occur.

Switch 2000 Redundant Power Supply (RPS ) in the Switch 2000, refer to
the documentation provided with the RPS.

The optional HP J3136A AdvanceStack Switch 2000 Redundant Power Supply
(RPS) shares the power load with the Switch 2000’s main power supply. It is
recommended that, if possible, you install the RPS before beginning to use the
switch in your network. Otherwise, you must schedule downtime to install the
RPS. (RPS i nstallation requires removal of the Switch 2000’ s back panel, which
interrupts power to the switch.) When the RPS is installed in a Switch 2000
and power is applie d to the RPS, the RPS LED on the Switch 2000’s front panel
is lit.

RPS LED

Figure 1-2. RPS LED on the Switch 2000’s Front Panel

The RPS connects to the back of the Switch 2000. Thus, if you are going to
install an RPS, it may be more convenient to install it before installing the
Switch 2000 into a rack or ot he r location. Inspect your inst allation site and

identify whether the switch’s back panel will be accessible.

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3. Verify the Switch’s Operation

3. Verify the Switch’s O peration

This process verifies that the Switch 2000 is operating properly.

Verify the Switch Hardware

1. Connect the supplied power cord to the switch’s power receptacle.

Installing the Switch

Installing the Switch

Power Receptacle on t he
Back of the Switch, with
Power Cord Connected

Figure 1-3. Back Panel of the Switch 2000

2. Plug the power cord into a properly grounded electrical outlet.

Note Neither the Switch 2000 nor the RPS has a power sw itch . The Switch 2000 is

powered on when the power cord for either the switch itself or an installed
RPS is plugged into a power source.

If your installation requires a different power cord than the one supplied with
the switch, be sure to use a power cord displaying the mark of the safety
agency that defines the regulations for power cords in your country. The mark
is your assurance that the power cord can be used safely with the switch.

3. Check the LEDs on the switch’s front panel.

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

3. Verify the Switch’s Operation

Power LED Power Fault LEDSelf-test LEDRPS LED
Fault LED

Installing the Switch

Security LED

Fan Fault LED

Figure 1-4. The Switch 2000 System LEDs

When the switch i s power ed on, i t perfo rms a se lf-diagn ost ic test. During
the test, the following occurs:

• All LEDs turn on momentarily.

• The Power LED remains on; the Fault LED turns on.

• The RPS LED turns on if an RPS is connected and supplying power.

• The Self-test and Fault LEDs remain on for less than one minute.
When the self-test completes successfully, the follow ing even ts occur:

• The power LED and, if an RPS is connected, the RPS LED, remain on.

• The self-test and Fault LEDs turn off.

Note If any Fault LED is flas hing, the Switch 2000 has encountered a problem. Refer

to chapter 9, “Troubleshooting”.

4. After the switch has passed its self-test, disconnect the power cord from
the switch and proceed with the mounting instructions.

Note If the switch’s permanent location makes it difficult to access the Console

RS-232 port from a terminal or PC running a terminal emulator, you may want
to temporarily co nnect a terminal device now and configure th e switch
minimally for Telnet acce ss. If you want to do this, ref er to “Connect a Console
Device” on page 1-14 befo re cont in u ing here.

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4. Mount the Switch

A Switch 2000 can be mounted in two ways:

■ In a rack or cabinet

■ On a table

The hardware for mounting the switch is included in the accessory kit
(5063-8544) packed with the switch.

Hewlett-Packar d sells 19- inch fr ee-st andin g equi pment rack s. Fo r more info r­mation, contact your HP authorized LAN dealer.

Installing the Switch

4. Mount the Switch

Installing the Switch

Mounting
Precautions

Before mounting the switch, read and follow these mounting precautions:

■ Plan the switch’s location and orientation relative to other devices and

equipment. Also consid er the cabling that will be attached to the switch
and ports that will be used. In the front of the switch, leave 3 inches
(7.6 cm) of space for twisted-pair cables. In the back of the switch, leave
1-1/2 inches ( 3.8cm) of space for the power cord.

■ Ensure that any ins t allation of Switch 2000s, tog eth er with any other

devices, does not overload the power circuits, wiring, and over-current
protection. To determine the possibility of overloading the supply circuits,
add together the ampere ratings from the nameplates of all devices
installed on the same circuits and compare the total with the rating limits
for the supply circuits.

■ Make sure that the power source circuits are properly grounded, then use

the supplied pow er co rd to co n n ect th e S w itch 2000 to the circuit. Refer
to the Safety and Regulatory Statements that follow the appendi xes at the
back of this manual.

■ Do not install the Switch 2000 in an environment where the operating

ambient temperat ure mi ght exceed 55°C (131°F).

■ Make sure the air flow around the sides and back of the switch is not

restricted.

■ If an HP J3136A AdvanceStack Switch 2000 Redundant Power Supply is

installed, make sure the air flow around the fan area of the RPS is not
restricted.

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

4. Mount the Sw itch

Rack or Cabinet Mounti ng

Warning The rack or cabinet should be adequately secured to prevent it from

becoming unstable and/or falling over.
Install the Switch 2000 only on a t abl etop or in an equ ipm e nt rack or

cabinet designed for this product. The Switch 2000 weighs a minimum
of 17.3 lbs (7.86 kilos) with no in terface modules or redundant power

Installing the Switch

supply installed. Rack or cabinet mounting should be done by two
people. If the rack or cabinet is empty, install the Switch 2000 at the
bottom; if not, install the s witch as close to the botto m as possible. If
a lightweight device is already installed at the bottom, you may want
to remove it, install the Switch 2000 at the botto m, t hen reinstall the
lightweight device above the Switch 2000. If the Switch 2000 is
mounted high , the rack or cabi net may b ecome u nsta bl e an d poss ib l y
fall over.

1. As shown below, partially install one of the 5/8-inch number 12-24 screws
in each rack upright. Install the screw in the upper hole of a close pair.
(Some cabinet s r equire number 10-32 screws inst ead , which are not
included in the accessory kit.)

Caution Make sure you have screws that fit your cabinet or rack before mounting the

switch.

Insert a screw i nto the
top hole of a close pa ir

(0.5-inc h)—like on e of
these—one in e ach of
the rack uprights.

One Upright of an EIA
19-Inch Telco Rack

Figure 1-5. Installing the Mounting Screws

1-8

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2. Using a Phillips cross-head screwdriver , attach the L-shaped mounting
brackets to each side of the switch with four 10-mm M4 screws (included
in the accessory kit).

Mounting
Bracket

Installing the Switch

4. Mount the Switch

Installing the Switch

10-mm M4
screws

mounting
bracket

10-mm M4
Screw s

Figure 1-6. Attach the Mounting Brackets

3. Place the switc h i n the ra ck and lower it so the notches in the bottom of
the bracket slide o nto the screws you installed in step 1. Ti gh ten these

screws—be careful not to overtighten.

1-9

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

4. Mount the Sw itch

Installing the Switch

5/8-inch
#12-24 Screws

Figure 1-7. Install the Switch in the Rac k

4. Install the other two 5/8-inch 12-24 screws into the upper hole in each

bracket. Tighten these screw s—be careful not to overtighten.

1-10

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Table Mounting

Place the switch on a t ab le o r other horizontal surface. (No special tools are
necessary.) Attach the s elf-adhesive fe et (inc luded in th e accessory kit) to the
recessed area s on the bot t om f ront area of the switch. Be certain to pick a

sturdy table in an uncl uttered area. You may want to secure the switch’s ca bles
to the leg of the table to help prevent people from tripping over them.

Caution Make sure the air flow around the sides and back of the switch is not restricted.

Also, if an HP J3136A Adva nceStack Switc h 2000 Redundant Po wer Supply is
installed, make sure the air flow around the fan area of the RPS is not
restricted.

Route the pow er cord(s) an d data ca bles so that t hey will no t create a trippin g
hazard for people walking in the area of the switch installation.

Installing the Switch

4. Mount the Switch

Installing the Switch

1-11

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

5. Complete t he Network Connections to the Switch

5. Complete the Network Connections

to the Switch

Reconnect the swit ch to the po wer sour ce. With th e switch mounte d, you are
now ready to connect it to your network. Typical switch connections are:

Installing the Switch

■ Switch-to-networked devices (i.e. computers, servers, and printers).

■ Switch-to-hub

■ Switch-to-switch

■ Switch-to-router

■ Switch-to-network backbones

Note For important information on connecting the Switch 2000 to other devices,

refer to the Connectivity Quick Refe rence that is shipped with the optional
HP AdvanceStack Switch 2000 modules and is also available on the “HP

AdvanceStack Pro d uct CD” shipped wi t h your switch.
For other network design guidelines, refer to An Introduction to Ethernet

LAN Switches and Designing Switched Networks, both of which are included
on the HP Adv a nc eStack Product CD shipped with the Switch 2000. For
physical topology guidelines, refer to Designing H P Adv a nce S t a c k Work-
group Networks, available from HP authorized LAN deale rs an d al so on the
product CD shipped with your Switch 2000.

Network connection s to the Switch 2000 ar e th rough ports on the optional
modules and transceivers installed in the switch. For connections to these
ports, see the documentation you received with the specific module or
transceiver, and to the Quick Reference mentioned in the above note.

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5. Complete the Network Connections to the Switch

Twisted-Pair Cascade Connections

The 10Base-T ports on the optional HP J3102A AdvanceStack Sw itch Ethernet

Module are designed for MDI- X operati on. This en abl es you to use a “ straigh t­through” twisted- pair cable to connect to transceive rs on computers and other
devices havi ng MDI (Medi a-Dependent I nt erface) r equi rements. Fo r connec t­ing cascaded hubs or switches having 10Base-T ports configured for MDI-X
operation, use a cros sover cable unless the cascaded hub or switch offers a
port that you can switch between MDI and MDI-X operation (such as the HP
AdvanceStack J2610B 10Base-T Hub-8U). In this case, you can either set the
port on the cascaded device to MDI operation and use a straight-through cable
or set it to MDI-X operation and use a crossover cable. (For more information
on cables and connectors, refer to appendix A.)

Installing the Switch

Installing the Switch

Cable Management. The mounting brackets designed for the Switch 2000
provide help for the problem of managing your network cables. Each bracket
has a series of holes for attaching a cable tie to bundle network cables away
from the switch.

Holes for Cable
Ties to Bundle
Network Cables

Figure 1-8. Cable Management

1-13

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

6. Connect a Console Device (Opt ional)

6. Connect a Console Device (Opti onal)

The Switch 2000 con sole interface enab les you to use a PC or a terminal to do
the following:

■ Control password security

Installing the Switch

■ Monitor switch and port statistics

■ Modify the switch’s configuration

■ Use the switch’s event log and command line to help in troubleshooting

■ Download new software

Note The Switch 2000 is shipped with a factory default configuration that enables

operation as a multiport transparent bridge when installed in a network. For
this operation , connecting a console device is unnecessary. However, for
some of the other uses listed above, you will probably want to have console
access.

You can use either of the following methods for console access:

■ Console RS-232 using either a direct or modem connection to a PC

terminal emulator progr am, or a dir ect co n nectio n to an actual terminal

■ In-Band using Telnet from a network management workstation. (To

enable Telnet—or network management access—it is necessary to first
use a di rect-connect or mo dem-connect con sole d evice t o configu re an IP
address and subnet mask for the switch. )

The Switch 2000 can simultaneously support one console session via the
Console RS-232 port and one console session via Telnet.

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6. Connect a Console Device (Optional)

Direct Console Management, Using A Serial Cable and a
Terminal or PC Terminal Emulator

You can use either a PC emulatin g an ASCII terminal (such as the terminal
application included with Microsoft Windows 3.1 or HyperTerminal with
Windows 95) or an ASCII terminal.

To directly connect a PC or terminal to a Switch 2000, follow these steps:

1. Connect the PC or terminal to the switch’s Con sole RS- 232 port using an

RS-232-C con sole cable (included). (If you need information on pin-ou t s
and recommended cables, see appendix A, “Cables and Connectors”)

Installing the Switch

Installing the Switch

Console RS-232 Port

Figure 1-9. Connecting a PC or Terminal to the Console RS- 232 Port

2. Turn on the terminal or PC’s power (and, if using a PC, star t th e PC
terminal emulation program). For recommended parameter settings, refer
to appendix C, “Sample Console Configurations”.

3. When you see this message:

Waiting for speed sense. Press enter to continue.

Press [Enter]. You will then see the Switch 2000’s Main Menu.

1-15

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

6. Connect a Console Device (Opt ional)

Installing the Switch

Figure 1-10. The Main Menu

4. If you want to co ntinue with direct cons ole management at this time, r efer

to chapter 2, “Using the Consol e I nt erface”.

Remote Console Managem ent Using a Modem and a Terminal
or PC Terminal Emulator

Note For remote, console management, use a full-duplex, asynchronous (character-

mode) modem.

1. At the Switch 2000 site:
a. Connect the modem to the Switch 2000’s cons o le port using an

RS-232-C m odem cable. (For pin- outs and rec ommended cables refer
to appendix A, “Cables and Connectors”.)

b. If necessary, configure the modem to operate with the current con-

figuration of the Switch 2000. (The modem’s default configuration
may be suffici en t .)

2. At the remote site, connect the terminal (or PC emulating a terminal) to
the remote modem using a modem cable. Make sure the terminal and
modems are functioning properly, then establish the link between the
terminal’s modem a nd the Switch 2000’ s modem according to the modem
instructions.

1-16

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6. Connect a Console Device (Optional)

Installing the Switch

Installing the Switch

Telephon e Line

PC (with Internal

Modem) Running a

Terminal Emulator

Figure 1-11. Example of Remote Access via a Modem

3. When you see this message:

Waiting for speed sense. Press enter to continue.

Press [Enter]. You will then see the Switch 2000’s Main Menu.

“Straight
Through” Modem
Cable

4. If you want to co ntinue with direct cons ole management at this time, r efer
to chapter 2, “Using the Consol e I nt erface”.

1-17

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Insta lli n g th e S w it ch

Where To Go from Here

Where To Go from Here

Chapter Topics

Installing the Switch

2 and 3 To use the con sol e, to conf i gure th e swi tc h fe ature s, and t o

monitor and manage switch operation
4 To monitor and analyze swi tch operati on from the console
5 To prepare the switch for SNMP management and to learn

which MIBs are supported by the switch
6To use the “Advanced Comman ds” functions

7 To find fur ther information on the following fe atures and to

configure them:

• Spanning Tr ee Protocol

• Port Trunking

• Filters and Security

• Virtual LANs

• Internet Group Managemen t Protocol (IGM P)

• Automati c Broadcast Control (ABC)

8 To download a new operating system or transfer a switch

configuration
9 Troubleshooting information
Appendixes To access the follow ing:

• A: Cable and connector information

• B: Switch specifications

• C: Sample cons ole configurations

• D: LED reference

• E: Bootp information

• F: MAC address management

• Safety and Regulatory information

1-18

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Using the Console Interface

Overview

This chapter desc ri b es the fo llowing features:

■ Starting and ending a console session (page 2-2)

■ The Main Menu (page 2-4)

■ Screen structur e an d nav igation (page 2-5)

2

Using the Console Interface

■ Using password security (page 2-7)

■ Rebooting the switch (page 2-10)

■ Resetting th e sw itch (page 2-12)

About the Console In ter face. The console interface enab les you to r econ­figure the switch and to monitor the switch status and performance. It consists
of a series of management screens accessed through a menu-driven screen
structure that begins at the Main Menu, and is organized as described in this
section.

The Switch 2000 offers two methods of access to the console interface:

■ Console RS-232 (out-of-band) access:

• Directly connected to the Console RS-232 port, using a serial cable
and a PC running a terminal emul ato r or an actual terminal

• Remotely connected to the Conso le RS -232 port, using modems and
a PC running a terminal emulator or an actual terminal

Refer to chapter 1, “Installation”, for information on making RS-232
hardware connections.

■ In-Band access using Telnet from a PC or UNIX station on the network.

This method requires that you first configure an IP address and subnet
mask by using either out-of-band console access or Bootp. The Switch
2000 allows one outbound and one inbound Telnet session to be running
simultaneously.

Console access can be limited by setting Manager-level and Operator-level
passwords.

2-1

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Using the Console Interface

Starting and Ending a Console Session

Starting and Ending a Console Session

Note This manual as sumes th at eith er a terminal device is already configured and

connected to your Switch 2000 (as described in chapter 1, “Installation”) or
that you have already enabled Telnet access to the swi tch. (To enable Telnet
access, refer to “Console Features” on page 3-16.)

How To Start a Console Session:

1. Start your PC terminal emulator, terminal, or Telnet session on a remote
terminal device.

Using the Console Interface

2. Do one of the following:

• If you are using Telnet, go to the next step.

• If you are using a PC terminal emulator or a terminal, you should then

see the following p rom pt:

Waiting for speed sense. Press <enter> to continue.

Note: If the console displays a series of random and/or unread-
able characters instead of the above prompt, the Baud Rate
setting for the terminal may be different from that of the console
interface. The switch’s autosensing feature remedies this prob-

lem when you pres s a key.

Press [Enter] and go to the next step.

3. The display the n briefly displays a message indicating the baud rate at
which the s erial inter face (Cons ole RS-232 port) is operating, followe d by
the copyright screen. Do one of the following:

• If a password has been set, the Password prompt appears. Type the

password and press [Enter] to display the Main Menu (figure 2-1).

• If no password has been set, you will see this prompt:

Press any key to continue.

If there is any system-down information to report, the switch displays it
in this step and in the Event Log.

2-2

Press [Enter] to display the Main Menu (figur e 2-1).

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Using the Console Interface

Start ing and Ending a Console Session

Using the Console Interface

Figure 2-1. The Main Menu

For a description of Main Menu features, refer to “Main Menu Features” on
page 2-4.

How To End a Console Session:

1. If you have not made configuration changes in the current session, go to
step 3.

2. Configuration changes requiring a reboot of the switch are indicated by
an asterisk (*) next to the configured item in the Configuration menu. (See
“Rebooting To Activate Configuration Changes” on page 2-11) If you have
made configuratio n changes that require a reboot of the switch in order
to take effect:

a. Return to the Main Menu.
b. Us e the arrow keys ( [<] , [>] , [v] , and [^] ) to highlight Reboot Switch

in the Main Menu and press [Enter] to reboot.

3. Do one of the following:

• If you have accessed the switch through a direct connection from a

terminal device, exit from the terminal application.

• If you have accessed the switch through Telnet or a modem connec-

tion:
i. Return to the Main Menu.
ii. Highlight LOGOUT in the Main Menu and press [Enter].

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Using the Console Interface

Main Menu Features

Main Menu Featur es

The Main Menu (figure 2-1 on page 2-3) gives you access to these console
interface features:

• Status and Counters: Displays information on the switch,

individual ports, the address tables, protocols and spanning tree.
(Refer to ch apter 4, “Monitoring an d Analyzing Switch Oper ation from
the Console”.)

• Event Log: Enables you to read progr ess and e rror message s that

are useful for checking and troubleshooting switch operation. A
listing of Event Log messages is included on the CD shipped with your
switch. (Refer to “Event Log” on page 4- 16.)

Using the Console Interface

• Configuration: Enables you to display the current con figuration

settings and to reconfigure individual parameters. (Refer to chapter
3, “Configuring the Switch”.)

• LOGOUT: Disconne cts Telnet or modem a ccess to the swit ch. (Refer

to “How To End a Console Session” on page 2-3.)

• Advanced Commands: Provides access to a set of system manage-

ment, monitoring, and troubleshooting commands. (Refer to chapter
6, “Using the Advanced Commands”.)

• Set Passwords: Enabl es you t o set Operator and Manager pass-

words to help restrict who has access to the console interface. (Refer
to “Using Password Security” on page 2-7.)

• Download OS: Enables you to download a new software version to

th e s w i tch. ( R e fer t o cha p t er 8, “F i le Tra n s fers ” . )

• Reboot Switch: Performs a software reboot, which is required (in

some cases) to activate configu ra tio n ch an ges that have be en made.
(Refer to “Reboot ing To Activate Configuration Changes” on page
2-11.)

2-4

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Using the Console Interface

Screen Structure and Navigation

Screen Structure and Navigation

Console scree ns in clu de these three elements:

■ Parameter fields and/or read-only information such as statistics

■ Navigation and configuration actions, such as Save, Edit, and Cancel

■ Help banner to describe navigation options, and individual parameters

For example, in the System configu ration screen:

Using the Console Interface

Actions Line

Help banner
describing the
select ed action
(in this case, t he
Cancel option)

System name

Parameter Fields

Help de scr ibing each of the
items i n t he parameter m enu

Navigati on I nstructions

Figure 2-2. Elements of Screen Structure

2-5

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Using the Console Interface

Screen Structure and Navigation

Table 2-1. How To Navigate in the Console

Task: Actions:

Using the Console Interface

Execute an action from an

“Actions "-[>] menu:

Reconfig ure (edit ) a pa rame te r
settin g or a field:

Use either of the followi ng methods:

■ Use the arrow keys ( [<] , [>] , [v] , or [^] ) to

highlight the action you want to execute,
then press [Enter].

■ Press the key corresponding to the capital

letter in the action name. For example, in a
configuration menu, press [E] to begin editing
parameter values.

1. Select a configuration area, such as System. (See
figure 2-2.)

2. Press [E] (for E

3. Use [Tab] or the arrow keys ([<], [>], [^], or [v] ) to high ligh t
the item or field.

4. Do one of the follow ing:

• If the par ameter has preconfigured values, use the

Space bar to select a new option

• If there are no preconfigured values, type in a value.

5. If you want to cha nge anothe r para meter value, retur n to
step 3.

6. If you're finished editing parameters in the displayed
screen, pr ess [Enter] and do on e of the following:

• To save any configu ration chang es you have made (or

if you hav e made no ch anges), p ress [S] (for the Save
action).

• To exit from the screen without saving any changes

that you have made, press [C] (for Cancel).

Note:

Some paramet er chan ges are activat ed when y ou
execute Sa ve, a nd it i s theref ore no t nece ssary to re boot
the swit ch aft er mak ing thes e change s. But i f an asteris k
appears next to any menu it em you reconfigure, it is
necessary to reboot t he switch to im plement the ch ange.
In this case, rebooting should be done after you have
made all de sired ch ange s a nd th en ret ur ned to t he Mai n
Menu.

7. When you are finished editing parameters, return to the
Main Menu.

8. If necessary , reboot the swi tch by highlighting Reboot
Switch and pressing [Enter]. (Refer to the

dit on the Actions line).

Note

, above.)

Exit from a read-only screen. Press [B] (for the Back action).

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Using the Console Interface

Using Password Security

There are two levels of console access: Man ager and Operator. For security,
you can set a password on each of these levels.

Leve l Actions Perm it te d

Manager: Access to all console interface areas. This is the default level. (That is, if a

Manager password has
session, then anyone having access to the console can acc ess any area of
the console interface.)

Operator : Access to the Status and Counters, E vent Log, and min imal Configuration

areas (System, Conso le, and Ports) for display o nly.
Use of the LOGOUT command.
On the Operat or level, the Advanced Commands, Set Passwords, Download
OS, and Reboot options are not available in the Main menu.

not

been set prior to starting the current console

Using Password Security

Using the Console Interface

To use password security:

1. Set a Manager password (and an Operator password, if applicable for your
system).

2. Exit from the current console session. A Manager password will now be
needed for full access to the conso le.

If you do steps 1 and 2, above, then the next time a console session is started,
the console interface w ill prompt for a password. Assuming that both a
Manager password and an Operator pass word hav e been set, the level of
access to the console interface will be determined by which password is
entered in response to the prompt.

If you set a Manager password, you may also want to configure the
Connection Inactivity Time parameter in the Serial Link configuration
screen (page 3-15 ). This caus es the consol e sessio n to end after the speci fie d
period of inactivity, thus giving you added security against unauthorized
console access. (Once a Manager password is set and the console session is
ended, access to the full console interface for any subsequent sessions
requires the Manager pass word to be enter ed .)

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Using the Console Interface

Using Password Securi ty

Note If there is only a Manager password set (with no Operator password), and the

Manager password is not enter ed corr ectly when the console s ession b egins ,
the switch operates on the Operat or level.

If there are both a Manager p assword and an Operator passw ord, but neit her
is entered correctly, access to the console will be denied.

If a Manager password is not set, anyone having access to the console
interface can operate the console with full manager privileges, regardless of
whether an Operator password is set.

Passwords are case-sensitive.

The rest of this section covers how to:

Using the Console Interface

■ Set a Password

■ Delete a Password

■ Recover from a Lost Password

To set Man ager and Opera tor passwords :.

1. From the Main menu select Set Passwords. This screen appears:

Figure 2-3. The Set Password Screen

2. To set a new password:
a. Select Set Manager Password or Set Operator Password.

2-8

You will then be prompted with Enter new password.

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Using the Console Interface

b. Type a password of u p to 16 ch aracters and press [Enter]. (Remember

that passwords are case-sensitive.)

c. When prompted with Enter new password again, retype the

new password and press [Enter].

d. To set another password, return to step 2a. Otherwise, go to step 3.

3. Select Return to Main Menu to exit from the Set Password screen.

After a password is set, if you use LOGOUT or reboot or reset the Switch 2000,
you will be prompted to enter the password to start a new console session.

Using Password Security

To Delete Password Protection (Including Recovery from a Lost
Password): This procedure deletes both passwords (Manager and Opera-

tor). If yo u h ave p hysical access to the switch, press the Co n f ig Clear button
to clear all password protection, then enter new passwords as described
earlier in this chapter. If you do not have physical access to the switch, you
will need the Manager password:

1. Enter the console at the Manager level.

2. From the Main menu select Set Passwords. You will then see the screen
shown in figure 2-3.

3. Select Delete Passwo rd Protection. You will then see the following
prompt:

Continue Deletion of password protection? No

4. Press the Space bar or press [Y] to sel e ct Ye s, the n pre ss [Enter].

5. Press [Enter] to clear the Password protection message.

6. Select Return to Main Menu to exit from the Set Password screen.

To Recover from a Lost Manager Pas sword:

If you cannot start a conso le session at the manager level because of a lost
Manager password, you can clear the password by getti ng physical access to
the switch and pressing and holding the Config Clear button for at least one
second.

Using the Console Interface

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Using the Console Interface

Rebooting the Switch

Rebooting the Switch

Rebooting the switch terminates the current console session and performs a
reset of the operating system. Some of the reasons for performing a reboot
include:

■ Activating certain configuration changes that require a reboot

■ Activating port modules that have been changed since the last reboot.

(That is, where a port module has been replaced with a different type of
port module.)

■ Resetting statistical counters to zero

Using the Console Interface

To Reboot the switch, use the Reboot Switch option in the Main menu. (If
a Manager password has been previously set, Reboot Switch appears o nly
if this password is entered at the beginning of the console session.)

The Reboot Sw itch option

Figure 2-4. The Reboot Swit ch Option in the Main Menu

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Using the Console Interface

Rebooting To Activate Conf iguration Changes. Configuration changes
for some parameters become effective as soon as you save them. However,
you must reboot the switch in order to implement any changes to any
parameters in the following areas:

■ IPX Service

■ Internet (IP) Service

■ Serial Link

■ Console Parameters

■ New VLAN Names

■ System Parameters

If configuration changes requiring a reboot have been made, the switch
displays an as teri sk next to the co nfi guration menu item i n which the change
has been made. For example, if you change a nd save paramet er values for the

switch’s IP configuration, the need for rebooting the switch would be
indicated by an asterisk appearing in the following screen:

Rebooting the Switch

Using the Console Interface

Asteri sk indicates a
confi gur ation change
that requires a reboot
in order to take effect.

Figure 2-5. Example of a Configuration Change Requiring a Reboot

Reminde r t o R eboot the S wit ch t o
Activate Configuration Changes

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Using the Console Interface

Resetting the S witc h

Resetting the Switch

Resetting requires physical access to the front of the Switch 2000. There are
two levels of reset:

■ Hardware reset: Momentarily interrupts switch operation and performs

a complete hardware sel f -test. This also clears the Even t L og .

■ Configuration reset: This is a drastic action that inte rru p t s switch

operation, clears any passwords, clears the even t lo g, performs a com­plete self-test, and reboots the switch in its factory default configuration.
You should consider performing a configuration reset only if you want all
configurable parameters reset to the factory default values.

Using the Console Interface

To perform a hardware or configuration rese t: Refer to appendix D,

“Switch Reference”. Refer to the table on page D-5.

Advanced Commands Features

The Advanced Com mands prompt en able s you to per form advan ced manag e­ment, monitoring, and troubleshooting activities. Below is a command listing.

Listin g of Advanced Comma nds Available at the Commands Prompt

! Get (TFTP) Ping Time
ClearLED Help Print Version
Config History Put (TFTP) VLAN
Date IPXPing Redo WalkMIB
Delete LinkTest Repeat Zget
Exit Log SetMIB Zput
GetMIB Page Telnet

Refer to chapter 6, “Usi ng the Advanced Commands” for more on the com­mand prompt and on individual commands.

2-12

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Configuring the Switch

Overview

This chapter p rovides an over view of the Switch 2000 configuration features.
In its factory default configuration , the Switch 2000 automatically operates as

a multiport learning bridge with network connectivity provided by the

particular modules that you have installed. However, to “fine-tune” your
switch for the specific performance and security needs in your network, you
may choose to reconfigure certain switch parameters.

3

Configuration Features. The Switch 2000 enables you to configure the

following switch features. For information on individua l configuration
parameters, use th e online Help provided with each configu ration screen in
the console user interface.

■ System (page 3-5 )

■ Ports (page 3-6)

■ IPX Service (page 3-7)

■ Internet (IP) Service (page 3-9)

■ Virtual LANs (VLANs) (page 3-19)

■ IP Multicast (IGMP) Servi ce ( pa ge 3-14)

■ SNMP Communities (page 3-11)

■ Trap Receivers (page 3-13)

■ Serial Link (page 3-15)

■ Console (page 3-16)

■ Network Monitoring Port (page 3-20)

■ Spanning Tree (page 3-17)

■ Traffic/Security Filters (page 3-18)

■ Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) (page 3-23)

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Overvi ew

Note In the factory default configuration, the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is off.

However, if the topology of your network includes any redundant loops
between switches or bridges, you should enable STP. See “Spanning Tree”

(page 3-17).

To get Help on individua l para meter desc ript ions. In all screens except
the Advanced Commands screen there is a Help option in the Actions
menu. Wheneve r the Actions menu is active, you can display Help fo r th at
screen’s parameters by pressing [H]. (The Actions menu is active whenever
any of the choices in the Acti o n menu is hig h lighted.) For example:

Configuring the Switch

Highlight on any item in the
Actions menu indicates that
the Actions menu is active.

Banner

Pressing [H] or highlighting
H

elp and pressing [Enter]
displays Help for the
parameters listed in the upper
part of t he screen.

Figure 3-1. Example Showing How To Display Help

To get Help on the actions or data fields in each screen: Use the arrow
keys ( [<], [>], [^], or [v]) to select an action or data field. The banner under the
action items will describe the currently selected action or data field. (For
guidance in how to navig ate in a configuration screen, see the in structions
provided at the bottom of the screen, or refer to “Screen Structure and
Navigation” on page 2-5.)

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Configurab le Fea ture s

How To Access the Switch 2000 Configuration: Use this procedure to
access the switch’s configurable features.

1. Begin at the Main Menu and select Configuration (figure 3-2):

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Access to Configurable Features

Figure 3-2. Select “Configuration” in the Main Menu

After you select Configuration, the Configuration menu appears as
shown in (figure 3-3).

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

Configuring the Switch

Figure 3-3. The Configuration Menu

2. Use the arrow keys ( [<], [>], [^], and [v] ) to highlight the configuration
topic you want, then press [Enter].

3. Refer to the appropriate sections in the remainder of this chapter for
information on configuring specific features.

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System Features

Configures basic switch management information, including system data,
address aging, and time zone parameters:

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

System Name

Figure 3-4. The System Configuration Screen (Default Values)

Note To help simplify administration, it is recommended that you configure

System Name to a character string that is meanin gfu l with in yo u r system .
To set the time and date, set the Time Protocol parameters under "Internet

(IP) Service Featu res" (page 3-9 ) for your time server or use the time and date
commands described in chapter 6.

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

Port Features

Configures the operating state for each port and optionally assigns selected
ports to a port trunk. (For more on port trunking, refer to chapter 7.) Also
optionally enables you to restrict the amount of broadcast traffic on the port.
The read-only fields in this screen display the port names and port types.

Read-Onl y Fields

Configuring the Switch

Figure 3-5. Example of the Port Configuration Screen with 100VG and Ethernet

Modules Installed in the Switch

Port names ar e assigned by sl ot lett er and port numbe r. For example, if an HP
J3102A AdvanceStack Switch Eth ernet Module is in stalled in slot B, then th e
four ports in this module are identified as ports B1, B2, B3, and B4. Similarly,
if an HP J3103A AdvanceStack Switch 100VG Module is installed in slot A, then
the two ports in this module are identified as ports A1 and A2.

Note Broadcast limit (the Bcast Limit parameter) can be set for all ports in the

switch (or VLAN, if VLANs are configured) from the Automatic Broadcast
Control (ABC ) screen (p age 7-30 and follo wing) if A BC is enabled. Setting the
broadcast limit (Bcast Limit) in the above screen is on a per-port basis and
overrides any settings done in Automatic Broadcast Control.

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IPX Service Features

Enables the switc h to be managed in an IPX networ k . The Switch 2000
automatically enables IPX, configures the IPX node address, and learns the
IPX network number. Thus, in the factory default configuration, IPX is auto­matically enabled for the switch.

Note In this case, the factory-assigned node address is displayed as shown below.

(The switch automatically detects the IPX network number.)

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Read-Onl y Field

Appears if Gateway
Encap Configured

Figure 3-6. The IPX Service Configuration Screen

Note If VLANs are configur ed , th e ab o ve pa rameters appear in a horizontally

formatted screen.

You can also configu re an IPX gateway frame encapsulation typ e and gateway
node so that the switch can be managed from a remote IPX network.

Configuring the Switch

If VLANs are configu red, the switc h can automatica lly learn the I PX network
number of each attached VLAN. For more on VLANs, refer to chapter 7,

“Advanced Concepts”.

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

(Optional) How To Configure IPX for Management from a Remote IPX
Network. In the factory default, IPX is already enabled. If you want to

enable management from a remote IPX network , you must con figu re the
gateway encapsulation type and gateway node.

1. From the Configuration screen, select IPX Service to display the above
screen.

2. If the IPX Enabled paramet er is not already s et to “Yes” (the f actory
default), then sele ct this parameter and press the Space bar to s elect Yes.

3. Select the Gateway Encap field and use the Space bar to select the
appropriate gateway encapsulation for the gateway device.

4. Press [v] to display and select the Gateway Node field.

5. Type the IPX node address (MAC address) of the gateway device that is
using the encapsulation defined in step 3.

Configuring the Switch

6. Press [Enter], then [S] (for S

ave).

7. Return to the Main Menu and reboot the switch.

3-8

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Internet (IP) Service Features

Enables you to configure:

■ IP address, subnet mask, and (optionally) the gateway address for the

switch so that it can be managed in an IP network

■ The time server information (us ed if yo u want the switch to get its time

information from another device operating as a Timep server)

You can manually configure an IP address, subnet mask, and a Gateway IP
address by setting the IP Config paramete r to Manual. Or, you can use
Bootp to configure IP for the switch from a Bootp server. In this case you must
also confi gu re your Bootp serv er accordingly. If yo u p lan to use Bootp, refer
to appendix E, “Bootp Operation”. Otherwise, set the IP Config parameter

to Manual and then manually enter the IP address and subnet mask you want
for the Switch 2000.

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

The default setting for Time
Protocol Enabled is No.
Setting it to Yes as sho w n
here, then pressing [v] or [Ta b]
caus es the T im ep Serv er
Address and Timep Poll
Interval par am eters to
appear. For descripti ons of
these parameters, refer to
the online Help for thi s
screen.

Figure 3-7. Example of the I P Service Configurati on Screen

If VLANs are con figured, then enab le IP on a “per VLAN” basi s. This is becau se
each VLAN is a separate network and requires a unique IP address, plus a
subnet mask. A gateway (IP) address is optional. For more on VLANs, refer
to “Virtual LANs (VLANs )” o n page 3-19 and in chapter 7, “Advanced Con­cepts”.

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

How To Manually Conf igure for IP.

1. From the Configuration screen, s elect Internet (IP) Service to
display the above screen.

2. Press [E] (for E

dit).

3. Select the IP Config field and use the Space bar to select Manual.

4. Select the IP Address field and enter the IP address you want to assign
to the switch.

5. Select the Subnet Mask field and enter the subnet mask for the IP
address.

6. If you want to reach off-subnet destinations, select the Gateway field
and enter the IP address of the gateway router.

7. Press [Enter], then [S] (for S

ave).

8. Return to the Main Menu and reboot the switch.

Configuring the Switch

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SNMP Communities Fe atur es

Enables you to add, edit, or delete SNMP communities. Use this feature if you
expect to manage the switch from an SNMP management stat io n . You can
configure up to five SNMP communit ies, each with ei ther an oper ator-level or
a manager-level view, and eith er restr icted or unres tricted w rite acc ess. (F or
more on this topic, refer to chapter 5, “Using SNMP To Monitor and Manage

the Switch”, and to the online Help.)

This screen gives an overview of the SNMP communities that are
currently configured. All fields in this screen are read -only.

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Add an d Edit o ptions are used to mo dify
the SNMP op tions. See figure 3-9.

Figure 3-8. The SNMP Communities Screen (Default Values)

Caution Deleting the community named “public” disables many network management

functions (such as auto-discovery, traffic monitoring, and threshold setting).
If security for network management is a concern, it is recommended that you
change the write access for t he “public” community to “Restricted”.

How To Configure for SNMP Comm unities.

Configuring the Switch

Ensure that the switch has been configured for IP and/or IPX.

1. From the Configuration screen, select SNMP Communities to display a
screen similar to the one above.

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

2. Press [A] (for Add) to display the following screen:

If you ar e adding a
communi ty, the fields in
this screen are blank.

If you are edi ting an
existin g com m unity, th e
values for t he currentl y
selected community
appear in the fields.

Type the Value for
this Field

Use the Space Bar
to Select Values for
Other Fi elds

Configuring the Switch

Figure 3-9. The SNMP Add or Edit Screen

Note In the default configuration, no manager addresses are configured. In this

case, all manag ement stati ons using the co rrect communit y name may acces s
the switch with the corresponding View and Access levels. If you want to
restrict access to one or more specific nodes, you can enter up to ten IP and/
or IPX addresses of such n odes into the Manager Ad dress fie ld. Ente ring one
or more IP or IPX addresses in the Manager Address field li mits access to only
those addresses.

3. Enter the appropriate value in each of the above fiel ds (use the [Tab] key
to move from one field to the next).

4. Press [Enter], then [S] (for S

ave).

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Trap Receivers Features

Enables you to configure up to ten IP and/or IPX management stations (trap
receivers) to receive SNMP trap packets sent from the switch. Trap packets
describe specifi c event types. (These events are the same as th e log messages
displayed in the event log.) The protocol, address, and community define
which management stations receive the traps. An authentication trap is sent
and the Security LED on the front panel of the switch begins flashing if a
management station attempts an unauthorized access. (The ClearLED

command turns off the Security LED—page 6-6.) Check the event lo g to help
determine why the authentication trap was sent. (Refer to chapter 4 for
information on the event log.)

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Figure 3-10. The Trap Receivers Configuration Screen (Default Values)

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

IP Multicast (IGMP) Service Features—Multimedia
Traffic Control

The IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) feature helps to reduce
network congestion and improve security by reducing unnecessary multicast
traffic on a per-port basis. This is useful in multimedia applications such as
LAN TV, desktop conferencing, and collaborati ve co mpu t in g, where there is
multipoint communication; that is, communication from one to many hosts,
or communication originating from many hosts and destined for many other
hosts. In such multipoint applications, IGMP will be configured on the hosts,
and multicast traffic will be generated by one or more servers (inside or
outside of the local network). Switches in the network (such as the Switch
800T or the B-versio n of the Switch 2000) can then be configured to direct the
multicast traffic to only the ports where needed.

Configuring the Switch

In the factory default state (IGMP disabled), the switch forwards all IGMP
traffic. When IGMP is enabled, you can configure the switch to any of the
following states on a per-port basis:

■ Automatic (the defaul t): Causes the switch to int erpret IGMP packets and

to filter IP multicast tr affic based on the IGMP packet information for that
port.

■ Blocking: Causes the switch to drop all IGMP transmissions received and

block all outgoing IP Multicast packets for that port.

■ Forwarding: Causes th e switch to forward all IGMP and IP multicast

transmissions through the port.

For more information on IGMP and how to configure it, refer to “IP Multicast
(IGMP)” on 7-23.

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Serial Link Features

Enables you to adjust the Console RS-232 configuration to customize the
connection with the PC, terminal , or modem you are using for console access.
Refer to the online Help for information on modem settings. Refer also to

“Console Feat ures ” on page 3-16.

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Figure 3-11. The Serial Link Configuration Screen (Default Values)

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

Console Features

Lets you enable or disable inbound Telnet access and control the types of
events displayed in th e event log. Also specifies the terminal type and the
console screen refresh interval used by the statistics screens (that is, the
frequency with which statistics are updated on the statistics screens).

Note “Inbound” Telnet is Telnet access to the switch console from another device .

“Outbound” Telnet, which is using Telnet through the switch console to access
another device, is always enabled as long as the switch has been configured
with a valid IP address. (To configure an IP address for the switc h , refer to
“Internet (IP) Service Features” on page 3-9.) The switch supports one
inbound and one outbound Telnet session simultaneously.

Configuring the Switch

Default Inbound
Telnet Setting

Figure 3-12. The Console Configuration Screen (Default Values)

3-16

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Spanning Tree Features

Enables you to activate the IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and to
adjust spanning tree parameters. In the factory default, STP is off. Thus, if
there are any redundant paths (loops) between nodes in your network, you
should set the Spanning T ree Enab led pa rameter to Yes. This ens ures that al l
redundant ports (those providing backup parallel connections) are in a block­ing state and not used to forward data. In the event of a topology change such
as a switc h, bridge, or data link failure, STP develops a new spanning tree that
may result in chan ging some ports from the blocking state to the forwarding
state.

If VLANs are configured , then yo u can conf igu re STP separately for each
VLAN.

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Caution Because the switch automatically gives faster links a higher priority, the

default STP parameter setti n gs are usu ally adequate for spanning tree
operation. Because incorrect STP settings can adversely affect network
performance, you should avoid making changes without having a strong
understanding of how STP operates. For more on STP, refer to chapter 7,

“Advanced Concepts”, and examine the IEEE 802.1d standar d.

The switch automatically senses port identity and type, and automatically
defines port cost and pri ority for e ach type. The inte rface a llows you to ad just
the Cost and Priority for each port, as well as the global STP parameter values
for the switch.

To configure STP, refer to “Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)” on page 7-2.

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

Traffic/Secu ri ty Fi lter Fea tures

Enables you to control traffi c and increase n etwork security by creating filte rs
based on any of the following criteria:

■ Multicast add r ess

■ Source port only

■ Source MAC address and source port

■ Protocol frame type

• IP (Ethernet or 802.3 SAP)

•ARP

•DEC LAT

• AppleTalk

•SNA

Configuring the Switch

•NetBIOS

• IPX (Ethernet or 802.3 SAP)

• VINES IP or ECHO

If you are using VLANs, they will affect source port and source MAC fil t er
configuration. For more information on filtering, using filters with VLANs, and
configurin g filters, refer to “Filter s and Sec urity” on page 7-8.

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Virtual LAN ( VLAN) Features

Enables you to create up to eight port-based VLANs. A VLAN is a group of
ports designated by the Switch 2000 as belonging to the same broadcast
domain. This feature enables you to configure port-based virtual LANs to help
isolate broadcast traffic and increase secur ity. Typically, if VLANs are use d,
all ports carrying traffic for a particular subnet address should be configured
to the same VLAN. For more on when, why, and how to use VLANs, refer to

“Virtual LANS (VLANs)” on page 7-14.
In the factory d efault sta te, VLANs are n ot configu red. All ports belong to th e

same broadcast/multicast domain. This domain is called “DEFAULT_VLAN”
and appears in the “VLAN Names” screen. You can cre ate up to seven add i­tional VLANs by adding new VLAN names, and then assigning one or more
ports to each V LAN. ( The switch accepts a max imum of eigh t VLANs, includ­ing the d efault VLAN.) Note that each port can be as signed to onl y one VLAN.
DEFAULT_VLAN can be re named, but not delet ed. Any p orts not specific ally
assigned to another VLAN wi ll remain assigned to DEFAULT_VLAN.

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Note Before you delete a VLAN, you must re-assign its ports to another VLAN.

When VLANs are used, and are managed from an SNMP workstation, you
should configure the IPX and/or IP services for each VLAN. (Refer to pages
3-7 and 3-9.)

Spanning Tree protocol (STP), ABC, IGMP, and some other f eat ures operate
on a “per VLAN” basis. This means you must configure such features sepa­rately for each VLAN in which you want them to operate.

For more information on VLANs and how to configure them, refer to “Virtual
LANs (VLANs)” on page 7-14.

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

Network Monitoring Port Features

Lets you designate a port for monitoring traffic on one or more other ports or
on a VLAN configured on the switch. This is accomplished by copying all
traffic from the specif ied ports or VLAN to the designated monitoring port.

Note If Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) is configured and more than one port

is being monit ored, then bro adcast packets may be duplicat ed on the monitor
port.

How To Configure fo r Monitorin g: This procedure describes configuring
the switch for monitoring when monitoring is disabled. (If m o nito ring has

already been enabled, the screens will appear differently than shown in this
procedure.)

Configuring the Switch

1. Select Network Monitoring Port from the Configuration screen.

2. In the Actions menu, press [E] (for Edit).

3. If monitoring is currently disabled (the default) then enable it by pressing
the Space bar (or [Y] ) to select Yes.

Enable Monitoring by
Setting this Parameter

to “Yes”

Figure 3-13. The Default Netw ork Monitoring Configuration Screen

4. Press [v] to display a screen similar to the followin g and move the cursor
to the Monitoring Port parameter.

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Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

Move the Cur s or to
the Moni tor ing Port
Parameter

Note:

Ports listed in this
screen depen d o n th e
modules currently
instal led in the switch.

Figure 3-14. Example of Selecting a Monitoring Port

5. Press the Space bar to select which port to use for the monitoring port,
then press [v] to move to the Monitor parameter. (The default setting
is Ports, which you will use if you want to monitor one or more individual
ports on the switch.)

6. Do one of the following:

• If you want to monitor individual ports, leave the Monitor param-

eter set to Ports and press [v] to move the cursor to the Action
column for the individual ports. Press the Space bar to select Mon-
itor for each port that you w ant monitor ed . (Use [v] to move from
one por t to the ne xt in t he Action colu mn.) When you a re fini shed,
press [Enter], then press [S] (for Save) to save your changes and exit
from the screen.

• If, instead of individual ports, you want to monitor all of the ports in

a VLAN, press th e S p ace b ar to select VLAN in the Monitor parame­ter, then press [v] to move to the VLAN parameter (figure 3- 15). The n
press the Space bar again to sel ect the VLAN that you want to monitor.
When you are finished, pr ess [Enter] , then press [S] (for Save) to save
your changes and exit from the screen .

7. Return to the Main Menu.

Configuring the Switch

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Configuring the Switch

Config urable Features

Example of a VLAN
Monitoring Parameter

Note:

This screen appears
instea d of the one in
figure 3-14 if the
Monitor parameter is
set to VLAN.

Configuring the Switch

Figure 3-15. Example of Selecting a VLAN to Monitor

Note It is possible in networks with high traffic levels to copy more traffic to a

monitor port than the link can support. In this situation, some packets may
not be copied to the monitor port.

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Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) Features—Layer 3
Switching

ABC reduces the amount of IP and/or IPX broadcast traffic on a network by
enabling the switch to serve as a proxy for the ultimate destination of broad­cast IP ARP and RIP packets, and IPX NSQ, and RIP or SAP packets. This
reduces the number of ports over which IP and/or IPX broadcasts are sent,
increases the amount of network bandwidth available for other purposes, and
can reduce the need for routers withi n a network. These factors can lower
costs and reduce latency in the network. (While communication between

VLANs—broadcast domains—still requires a router, ABC fun c t ions within
VLANs and, by using multi ple subnets (multi -netting), can redu ce or eliminate
the need for routers within the VLAN.)

Configur ing the Switch

Configurable Features

When enabled, ABC also allows you to set the broadcast limit parameter
(Bcast Limit) in the Port Co nfig urati on screen (figur e 3- 5) for al l ports on
the switch (or all p o rts on the VLAN, if VLANs are configured an d ABC is
enabled for the VLAN).

In the factor y default state, ABC is d isabled. For more information on ABC
and how to confi gure it, refer to “Automati c Broadcast Control (ABC )” on page
7-30.

Configuring the Switch

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation
from the Console

Overview

The Main Menu in t he switch’s console interface gives you access to the

following sources of read-only data for helping you to monitor, analyze, and
troubleshoot switch operation:

4

Table 4-1. Read-Only Monit oring and Analyzing Features

Main Menu
Item

Status and
Counters
Menus

Data Type Purpose

Switch Information Lists switch-level operating information.

Port Status Displays the operatio nal status of each port.
Port Counters Summarizes port activity.
Address (forward ing) Table Lists the MAC ad dresse s of node s the swi tch has

detected on the network, along with the
corresponding switch port.

Port Addres s Table Lists the MAC addresses that the switch has

learned f rom the selected port.

Spanning Tr ee Informati on Lists Spanni ng Tree data for the switch and for

individua l port s. If VLANs are config ured, reports
on a per-VLAN bas is.

Module Informa tion Lists th e modules curren tly installed and detected

by the swit ch.

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

Event Log Lists eve nt messages generated by the switch.

IP Multicast (IGMP) St atus Lists IGMP groups, report, query, and type of

device acce ss on port s. If VLANs ar e confi gured,
repo r t s on a per-V LA N ba sis.

Automatic Broadcast
Contro l (A B C ) In fo rm a ti on

If VLANs are configured, reports on a per- VLAN
basis.

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

Status and Counters Menu

Select Status and Counters from the Main Menu to display the Status
and Counters menu:

Figure 4-1. The Status and Counters Menu

Each of the above menu items accesses the read-only screens described on
the following pages. Refer to the online help for a description of the entries
displayed in these screens.

Note Spanning Tree, IP Multicast (IGMP), and Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC)

are reported on a p er-VLAN b asis . For thes e fea tures you w ill be pr ompted to
select a VLAN if multiple VLANs are configured.

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Switch Information

Status and Counters Menu

Figure 4-2. Example of Switch Information

This screen tells you which version of the OS (operating system) and ROM
(low-level st artup co de loca ted i n read- onl y memory) the swi tch i s u sing, and
dynamically indicates how individual switch resources are being used.

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

Port Status

Figure 4-3. Example of Port Status

For each port, this screen tells you the type of port and media, whether the

port is enabled and up or down, and the port’s operating mode. (Included is
the port ID number to use for SNMP MIB access.)

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Port Counters

Status and Counters Menu

Figure 4-4. Example of Port Counters

This screen enables you to determine the traffic patterns for each port. Port
Counter features include:

■ Dynamic display of counters summarizing the traffic on each port since

the last reboot or reset

■ Option to reset the counters to zero (for the current console session). This

is useful for troubleshooting. Refer to the Note, below.

■ An option to display the link status, MAC address, and further port activity

details for a specific port ( Show details ).

Note The Reset action resets the counter display to zero for the current session,

but does not affect the cumulative va lues in the act ual hardware c ounters. (In
compliance with the SNMP standard, the values in the hardware counters are
not reset to zero unless you reboot the switch.) Thus, using the Reset action
resets the displayed counte rs to zero for the current session only. Exit ing from
the console session and starting a new session restores the counter displays
to the accumulated values in the hardware counters.

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

To view the elements that comprise the traffic on a particular port, highlight
that port number (figure 4-5), then select Show details. For example,
selecting p o rt A4 displays a screen simil ar to figure 4-5, below.

Selected
Port

Figure 4-5. Example of the Display for Show detail s on a Selected Port

This screen also includes the Reset action. Refer to the note on page 4-5.

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Address Tab le

Status and Counters Menu

Figure 4-6. Example of the Address Table

This screen lets you easily determine which switch por t is being used to acce ss
a specific device on the network. The listing includes:

■ The MAC addresses that the switch has learned from network devices

attached to the switch

■ The port on which each MAC address was learned

You can use the S

earch action at the bottom of the sc reen to lo cate a spec ific

device (MAC addr ess).

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

Port Address Table

This screen lets you easily determine which devices are attached to the
selected s witch p ort by li sti ng all of the M AC addr esses detect ed on th at port .

You can use the S

earch action at the bottom of the screen to determine

whether a specific device (MAC address) is connected to the selected port.

To use the port address table:

1. Select Port Address Table from the menu in the Status and Counters
screen.

Use the Spa ce bar to select the port for
which you wa nt t o displ ay t h e addr ess ta ble.

Figure 4-7. Example of How To Access the Port Address Table

2. When the Select Port prompt appears, press the Space bar to display
the port you want to examine, then press [Enter]. (See figure 4-7, above.)

Each port is identified by its slot letter and sequential port number in the
slot. For example, port A1 is the first port in slot A, while port D4 is the
fourth port in slot D.

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

In this exam ple, seve ral MAC addr esses
accessed through port B2 appear in the
initial listing. To view any additional
address es tha t may be in t he l isti ng, u se
the N

ext page action.

Status and Counters Menu

Figure 4-8. Example of a Port Address Table for a Specifi c Port

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

Spanning T ree (ST P) In formation

Note If multiple VLANs are configured on the switch, you will be prompted to select

a VLAN (by using the Space bar, then press in g [Enter]) to display this screen.

Figure 4-9. Example of Spanning Tree Information

Use this screen to determine curren t switch-level STP parameter setti ngs and
statistics.

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

You can use the Show ports action at the bottom of the screen to display
port-level information and parameter settings for each port in the switch
(including port type, cost, priority, operating state, and designated bridge).

Figure 4-10. Example of STP Port Information

Caution Because incorrect STP settings can adversely affect network performance,

you should avoid making changes without having a strong understanding of
how STP operates. For more on STP, refer to “Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)”

on page 7-2.

4-11

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

Modul e Informat i on

Figure 4-11. Example of Module Information

This screen tells you which type of module the switch detects in each slot.

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

IP Multicast (IGMP) Status

Note If multiple VLANs are configured on the switch, you will be prompted to select

a VLAN (by using the Space bar, then press in g [Enter]) to display this screen.

This screen identifies the active IP multicast groups the switch has detected,
along with the number of report packets and quer y pa ck ets se en for each
group. It also indicates which port is used for connecting to the querier.

Figure 4-12. Example of IGMP Status Screen

4-13

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

You can also display the port status of the individual multicast groups. (That
is, you can display the ports, port types, and whether the IGMP devices
connected to the switch via the port are hosts, routers, or both.) To do so,
select the group from the above screen and press [S] for
example, suppose you wanted t o view the status of the IP multicast group

227.111.122.122 shown in the above screen. You would highlight the row

beginning with that group number, then press [S]. You would then see a screen
similar to the following:

Show ports. For

Figure 4-13. Example of an IGMP Status Screen for a Selected Multicast Group

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Status and Counters Menu

Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) Information

Note If multiple VLANs are configured on the switch, you will be prompted to select

a VLAN (by using the Space bar, then press in g [Enter]) to display this screen

This screen displays the number of IP ARP and IPX NSQ replies sent per port
and whether RIP and SAP packets are being forwarded or not forwarded per
port. If VLANs are configured, this data is on a per-VLAN basis.

Figure 4-14. Example of Automatic Broadcast Control (ABC) Screen

4-15

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Event Log

Event Log

The Event Log records operating events as single-line entries listed in chrono­logical order . Each entry is composed of five field s:

Severity Date Time System Module Event Message

I 08/05/96 10:52:32 ports: port 1 enabled

Severity

Date
Time
System Module

generated the log entry. I f VLANs are co n figu red, then a VLAN name also
appears for an event that is specific to an individual VLAN.

Event Message

is one of the following cod es:

I (information) indicates routine events.
W (warning) indicates that a service has behaved unexpect edly.
C (critical) indicates that a severe switch error has occurred.
D (debug) reserved fo r HP internal diagnostic information.

is the d a te in mm/dd/yy format that the entry was placed in the log.

is the time in hh:mm:ss format that the entry was placed in the log.

is the internal module (such as “ports” for port manager) that

is a brief description of the operating event.

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Entering and Navigating in the Event Log Display. To enter the event
log, select Event Log from the Main menu.

Event Log

Log Status Li ne

Range of Log Events DisplayedRange of Events in the Log

Figure 4-15. Example of an Event Log Display

To display vario u s portions of the Event Log, either preceding or following
the currently vi si ble portio n, use ei ther the act ions l isted at t he bott om of the
display (Next page, Prev page, or End), or the keys described in the
following table:

Table 4-2. Event Log Control Keys

Key Action

[N] Advance the display by one page (next page).
[P] Roll back the display by one page (pre vious page).

[v] Advance display by one event (down one line).
[^] Roll back display by one event (up one line).

[E] Advance to the end of the log.
[H] Display Help for the event log.

Switch Operation from the

Monitori ng and Analyzing

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Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation from the Console

Event Log

The event log holds up to 100 lines in chronol o gical order, from the oldest to
the newest. Each line consists of one complete event message. Once the log
has received 100 entries, it discards the current oldest line each time a new
line is received . The event log window contains 20 lines and can be positioned
to any location in the log.

The log status line at the bott om of the display identi fies where in the sequence
of event messages the dis pl ay is currently positioned.

The event log will be erased if any of the following occurs:

■ The switch is reset using the Reset button.

■ Powe r to the swit c h is interrupt e d .

■ A new operating system is downloaded to the switch.

(The event log is not erased by usin g the Reboot Switch command in the
Main Menu.)

Monitoring and Analyzing

Switch Operation from the

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5

Using SNMP To Monito r and

Using SNMP To Monitor and Manage the
Switch

You can manage the switch via SNMP from a network management station.
(The switch supports SNMP v1 and SNMP v2c, except as noted below for
SNMP v2 Notifications.) If you are using IP, you must either configure the
switch with the appropriate IP address or, if you are using Bootp to configure
the switch, ensure that the Bootp pr oc ess provid es the IP address. (The IPX
address is aut omatic all y configu red.) If mult ip le VLANs ar e configu red, ea ch
VLAN interface shoul d have it s own IP or IPX network address. This chapt er
provides an over view of SNMP manageme nt for th e switch and describes the
configuration process for the various features. For parameter-specific infor­mation, refer to the Help provided in the individual configuration screens.

SNMP Management

SNMP management features on the switch include:

■ Security via con f igu ration of SNMP communities

Manage the Switch

■ Event reporting via SNMP traps and RMON (SNMP v2 Notifications are

not supported at this time.)

■ Managing the switch with a network manageme nt tool such as HP

AdvanceStack Assistant

■ Monitoring data normally associated with the SNMP agent (“Get”

_operations). Supported Standard MIBs include:

• Bridge MIB (RFC 1493)

• Etherlike MIB (RFC 1650)

• Ethernet MAU MIB (RFC 1515)

• Interfaces Evolution MIB (RFC 1573)

• Novell Standard IPX MIB (ipx.mib)

• RMON MIB (RFC 1757)—etherstats, events, alarm s, and his t o ry

• SNMP MIB-II (RFC 1213)

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Using SNMP To Monitor and Man age the Switch

SNMP Management

HP Proprietary MIBs include:

• Statistics for message and packet buf fers, tcp, telnet, and timep

(netswtst.mib)

• Port counters, forwarding table, and CPU statistics (stat.mib)

• tftp download (downl d.mib )

• 802.12 (100VG) information (vg.mib)

• Integrated Communications Facility Authentication Manager and

Manage the Switch

SNMP communities (icf.mib)

Using SNMP To Monito r and

• HP AdvanceStack Switch 2000 configuration (config.mib)

• HP VLAN con figurati on informa tion (vlan.m ib) supporting

hpVlanGeneralGroup

• HP EASE MIB version 4 to allow EASE sampling

• HP Linktest MIB for basic device management (linktest.mib)

• HP ICF Linktest MIB for link test features (icfbasic.mib)
The switch SNMP agent also uses certain var iabl es that are includ ed in a

Hewlett-Packard proprietary MIB file you can add to the SNMP database
in your network management tool. You can copy the MIB file from the
compact disk (CD) shipped with the switch, or from following World Wide
Web site:

http://www.hp.com/go/network_city

For more information, refer to the card at the front of this manual.

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Using SNMP To Mon itor and Manage the Switch

SNMP Configuration Proces s

SNMP Configuration Process

The general steps to confi gu ri n g f or SNMP access to the preced in g featu res
are:

1. From the Main menu, select Configuration.

2. Enable and configure an IP address for the switch, in clu d in g an y n eces­sary gateways. An IPX addr ess is automatical ly configu red. (For more on
configurin g IPX and I P, refer to page 3-7 and page 3-9.)

3. Configure the appropriate SNMP communities. (The “public” community

exists by default and is used by HP’s network management applications.)
(For more on configuring SNMP communities, refer to page 3-11.)

4. Configure the appropriate trap receivers. (For more on configuring trap
receivers , r efer to page 3-13.)

In many networks, manager addresses are not used. In this case, all manage­ment stations usi ng the correct community name may access this device with
the View and Acces s levels t hat have be en set for that comm unity. If you wan t
to restrict acc ess to one or more specific no des, you can enter up to 10 IP and/
or IPX addresses of such nodes into the Manager Address field. Configuring

one or more IP or IPX addresses in the Manager Address field means that
only the network management stations at those addresses are authorized to
use the community name to access the switch.

Using SNMP To Monito r and

Manage the Switch

Caution Deleting the community named “public” disables many network management

functions (such as auto-discovery, traffic monitoring, and threshold setting).
If security for network management is a concern, it is recommended that you
change the write access for t he “public” community to “Restricted”.

Note SNMP community a nd trap receive r configu rations are ac tivated w hen saved.

Rebooting the switch is not necessar y unles s you have also configured other
parameters that require rebooting in order to be activated. (For more on when
it is necessary to reboot, refer to “Rebooting the Switch” on page 2-10.)

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Using the Advanced Commands

Overview

The Advanced Commands , which are accessed from the Main Menu, gives
you access to the following syst em mana gement co mman ds:

■ Help

■ Date

■ Time

6

Using the Advanced

Commands

■ History

■ Ping

■ IpxPing

■ LinkTest

■ Telnet

■ VLAN

■ ClearLED

■ Config

■ Delete

■ GetMIB

■ SetMIB

■ WalkMIB

■ Exit

■ Get/Put (TFTP)

■ ZGet/ZPut (ZMODEM)

■ Version

■ Log

■ !

■ Repeat

■ Page

■ Print

■ Redo

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Using the Advanced Commands

Overview

How To Use the Command P rompt:

1. To access the command prompt, use the ar row keys to highlight Advanced
Commands in the Main Menu and press [Enter].

Select the Command Prompt

Using the Advanced

Commands

Figure 6-1. Selecting the Command Prompt

2. Do the following:

• If there are no VLANs (virtual LANs) configured , go to step 3.

• If VLANs are configured, the prompt displays the name of the default,

or first VLAN, then asks you to select the VLAN in which to operate.
Use the Space bar to select the VLAN in which you want to operate,
then press [Enter].

3. The command prompt appears near th e bottom of the sc reen. Th e text in
the prompt matches the System Name parameter. (If there are multiple
VLANs configured, then the text in the prompt matches the name of the
VLAN in which the command prompt is operating.) For example, in the
factory default configuration (no system name or VLANs configured), the
command prompt looks like this:

DEFAULT_CONFIG:

4. Type in the command you want to execute and press [Enter]. For exampl e,
to set the time to 9:55 a.m. you would execute the follow ing co mm an d:

DEFAULT_CONFIG: time 9:55 [Enter]

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Using the Adv anced Commands

How To Exit from the command prompt:

Type exit and press [Enter] to return to the Main Menu.

How To List Ava ilabl e Commands:

At the command prompt, type h and press [Enter].

When you see — MORE — at the bottom of the screen:

■ To advance the display one line at a time, use [Enter].

Overview

■ To advance the display one screen at a time, use the Space bar.

How To Stop the Help Listing: Press [Q].

Using the Advanced

Commands

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Using the Advanced Commands

Commands

Commands

To execute any of these commands, select Advanced Commands from the
Main Menu, type the command, and press [Enter].

Conventions:

■ Commands are shown in the normal t yp eface.

■ Required parameters are shown in italics.

■ Optional parameters are shown in italics, with brackets ( […] ).

Using the Advanced

Commands

For example:

Command Required Parameters Optional Parameters

ping

Command Syntax Description

H (help) Lists the commands avai lable at the c om m and prompt.
date

[mm/dd/yy]

time

[hh:mm:ss]

history displ ays the times and r easons for the l ast four occasi ons on which t he switch

ping

ip-addr [repetitions] [tim eout]

where:

ip-addr

target node in dotted decimal
notation.

repetitions

times to repeat the echo request.
Default: send packet once .

timeout

wait for a response.
Default: 5 seconds.

Without parameters, displays the date and time currently held by the switch.

is the IP address of the

is the number of

is how many seconds to

ip-addr

Without parameters, displays the date and tim e currently held by the swi tch.
With pa rameters in the month/date/year fo rm at, resets the date.

With pa rameters in the hours:minutes:seconds format, resets the time.

was rebooted or resta rted.
Sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request m essage

to a speci fic IP addr ess, as a networ k-layer te st of the r eachabilit y of the node.
Ping does not suppor t loo pback (pi nging this swit ch) or br oadcast addre sses.
The switch must hav e IP con figur ed. Afte r tra nsmi tti ng th e requ est me ssa ge
to the node, the switch waits for a response. If it is received within the
specif ied or default timeout interval, the console disp lays a message

indica ting t hat the t ar get i s “ aliv e”. If a n echo re spons e is n ot r ecei ve d w ithi n
the specified or default timeou t interval, the console displays a message
indica ting that th e target did not respond.

VLANs: If mu lt iple VL ANs are conf igur ed, the Pin g co mmand sen ds reques ts
to the ports in the VLAN environment specified when the command prompt
was selected.

[repetitions] [timeout]

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Using the Adv anced Commands

Command Syntax Description

Commands

ipxping

ipx-addr [repetitions] [ti m eout]

[size]

where:

ipx-addr

target node in this format:

repetit ions

times to repeat the echo request.
Default: send packet once .

timeout

wait for a response.
Default: 5 seconds.

size

sent.
Default: 40 bytes.

linktest
where:

mac_addr

the target node in 12-character
hexadecimal format.

count

packets to send.
Default: 1 packet

delay

wait for a response to eac h packet.
Default: 2 seconds.

is the IPX add ress of the

network number :mac address

is the number of

is how many seconds to

is the size in bytes of the data to be

mac_ad dr [count] [delay]

is the MAC address of

is the number of test

is how many se conds to

Sends an IP X echo req ues t mes sag e to a specif i c IPX address , a s a net wor k­layer test of the reachability of t he node. The switch must have IPX enabled.
After t ransmitting the request me ssage to the node, the switch waits for a
response. If it is received within the specified or default timeout interval, the

console displays a message indicating that the target is “alive”. If an echo
response is not received within the specified or default timeout interval, the
console displays a message indicating that the target did not respond.

VLANs: If multiple VLANs are conf igured, ipxping s ends req uests to the port s
in the VLAN environment specified when the command promp t was selected.

Using the Advanced

Commands

Verif ies communicati on to a MAC address on the LAN. Sends an 802.2 Test
Packet to a specific tar get node on a networ k in the VLAN environment
specif ied in the command prompt. The target node must be able to respond
to an 802. 2 Test Packet with an 802.2 Test Response packet in order for the
test t o work. (HP ma naged hu bs, bri dges, rou ters , and s witches a utom aticall y
respond to 802.2 Test Packets. Mos t HP LAN adapters can be configured to
operate as a responder.

VLANs: If multiple VLANs are configured, the linktest command sends
request s to th e nodes in the VLAN envi ronment specifi ed when th e comman d
prompt was selected.

telnet

ip-addr

where:

ip-addr is the IP addr ess of the target
node in dotted decimal notation.

Used to establish a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) virtual terminal
connect ion to a r emot e n ode, all owi ng you t o in terac t wi t h the re mot e no de' s
interface. IP must be co nfigured, and the remote node must have Telnet
service enabled. The Switch 2000 supports one inbou nd and one outbound
Telnet session. In th e factor y defau lt co nfigurat ion, t he Inbound Telnet
Enabled parameter is set to Yes. (To change the I nbou nd Telne t Ena bl ed
parame ter, use the Cons ole configur ation scr een, which is acces sed from the
Configuration screen selecte d from the Main menu.) Outbound Telnet is
always en abled. To exit fr om an inbo und Tel net sessi on, sele ct LOGOUT from
the Main menu and ans wer the confi rmat ion pro mpt by typing y. To exi t from
an HP router, another Switch 2000, or a UNIX login, press [Ctrl] [D]. To force a
disconn ection fro m any devi ce, use [Ctrl] [R]. To interrupt command pr ocessing
without halting an outbound Telne t session, us e [Ctrl] [C].

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Using the Advanced Commands

Commands

Command Syntax Description

vlan

vlan_name

where:

vlan_name

virtua l LAN you want to acces s.
clearled Turns off the Security LED on the front panel of the Sw itch 2000.
config Displays the configuration currently save d in flash memory. When

delete Deletes the con figurat ion f ile curr ently i n use, returns t he swit ch to it s fact ory

is the name of the

Used where VLANs are configured. Used to select a different VLAN
enviro nment in wh ich to exec ute Command P rompt comm ands. The co mmand
prompt will change to show the VLAN name specified by the
para meter.

— MORE — is displayed, pressing [Enter] displays the next line of the
configuration, and pressing the Space bar displ ays the next screen of the
configuration. To hal t a conf ig listing and return to the command line promp t,
press [Q].

default configu ration, and reboots the swit ch.

vlan_name

Using the Advanced

Commands

getmib

objectname.index

where:

objectname

object by name or number format.

index

each object nam e.
setmib

objectna m e.index type value

where:

objectname

object by name or number format.

index

each object nam e.

identifies the MIB

identifies the instance of

identifies the MIB

identifies the instance of

type

value identi fies the numeric value for
the MIB object.

Retrieves the value of an individual MIB object i n the switch.
Example: T he foll owi ng comma nd retur ns th e e nable/ di sa ble s tat us f or a port

having a port ID of 1. (For an ex ample of port ID numbering, see the example
of the Port Status screen on page 4-4. )

getmi b ifAdmin S tatus.1

Sets a MIB object to a specific value. Val id types are:

-i (integer) -g (gauge)

-o (octet) -t (time_ticks)

-d (object identif ier) -u (unsigned integer 32)

-a (ip_addr) -D (Display String)

-c (counter) -N (NULL)

6-6

Example: This command sets port 1 to disabled status.

setmi b ifAdminStatus.1 -i 2

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Using the Adv anced Commands

Command Syntax Description

Commands

walkmib

exit Returns you to the Main Menu.
get

get
where:

put
put

where:

objectname

ip-addr

config

filename

ipx-addr

ip_addr

address of the file server.

filename

name of the file containing the

configuration.

config

filename

or

ipx-addr

is the directory path and

is the IP or IPX

ip-addr object filename
ipx-addr object filename

ip_addr

address of the remote hos t.

object

command that generates an output

that can be stored in a file.

filename

name of the configuration file on

the remote host.

or

ipx-addr

is config, crashrec, or a

is the directory path and

is the IP or IPX

Retrieves the MIB subtree for the specifi ed MIB ob ject. When — MORE —
is disp layed, pressing [Enter] displays the next line of the configuration , and
pressing the S pace bar displays the next screen of the confi guration. To halt
a walkmib listing and return to the command line pr om pt, press [Q].

Examples:

walkmib ifSpeed displays the speed for each port installed in the switch.
walkmib i fPhysAddress displays the MAC address of each port installe d
in the switch.

Uses TFTP to transfer a configuratio n from a TFTP server on an attached
network. The switch mu st have IP or IPX configured, and the configuration
must have been previously transferred from a sw itch to th e file server. TFTP
must be enabled on the server.

Progress of the transf er, plus successful or unsuccessful compl etion of the
transf er are indicated in the Event Log.

Note: After transferring a configuration to the switch, the switch
automa tically reboots to invoke the new configuration.

Uses TFTP to transfer a configuration, a “crash re cord”, or the output of a
command from t he swi t ch to a f ile on a r emot e h ost. The s witch must hav e IP
or IPX configured. TFTP must be enabled on the remote host. The target file
on the remote host m u st also ex ist and have write permissions. A command
used as an

Progress of the transf er, plus successful or unsuccessful compl etion of the
transf er are indicated in the Event Log.

Note: When the sw itch reboot s itself due to an intern al error, a “cr ash record ”
(crashrec) is generated. This is a binary file holding internal data needed to
troubl eshoot the cause of the internal error.

object

must have an output that ca n be stored in a file.

Using the Advanced

Commands

zget CONFIG
where:

remote-file

console PC.

dos

unix

[remote-file] [dos/unix]

is a file name on the

= 0 (specifies DOS format)

= 1 (specifies unix format)

Copies a switc h c onf igura ti on f rom a fil e o n the co nso le PC to t he swi tch. T he
PC must be e mul atin g a VT1 00 or ANSI ter min al. Als o, t he PC mu st be ru nni ng
a Zmodem -compati ble ter minal emulati on pro gram su ch as P ROCOMM PLUS.

6-7

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Using the Advanced Commands

Commands

Command Syntax Description

zput

file remote-file overwrite dos/unix

where:

file

is CONFIG or a command.

remote-file

console PC.

overwrite

0 (don’t overwrite a fi le of the

same name).

1 (create or overwrite a file of

the same name).

dos

= 0 (specifies DOS format)

unix

Version Displays the version of operati ng system (OS) software currently running in

is a file name on the

is:

= 1 (specifies unix format)

Copies a switch conf igur ation fr om the s witch to t he conso le PC. The PC must
be emulating a VT100 or ANSI terminal. Also, the PC must be running a
Zmodem-com patible term inal emulation program suc h as PROCOMM PLUS.

the swi tc h. If a n F DDI Module is i nstal l ed, a ls o dis pl ays th e curr ent v ersi on of
the FDDI Module OS.

Using the Advanced

Commands

log

[-a] ‘[keywrd]

!

[repetitions]

Displa ys the event log.
(Press the Space bar when prompted by the -- MORE -- message.)

Examples:

log Displays100 lines of the curren t event log, since the

last reboot.

log -a Displays the entire event log.
log -a ‘telnet Displays all event log l ines containing the keyword “telnet”
log ‘telnet Displays any event log lines, since the last reboot, of the

current log that contain the keyword “telnet”.
Repeat the last command.

Examples:

! Repeats the last command once.
! 3 Repeats the last command three times.

Repeat Contin uously rep eat s the la st command unt il a key is pres sed on th e cons ole.
Page Toggles paging mode for display commands.
Print Send the out put of a Command Prompt command to a printer or to a file.
Redo [?] / [number] / [string] Display or redo a command from the command history.

6-8

Examples:

Redo Re-executes the most recent command.
Redo ? Causes the last ten com m ands to be listed.
Redo

n

Re-executes the previous nth command (1-10).

Redo

string

Re-executes a previous command that begins with the text

string

.

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Advanced Concepts

Overview

The switch provides support for these advanced features:

■ Spanning Tree Protocol—STP (page 7-2)

■ Port trunking (page 7-5)

■ Filtering fo r enhanced bandwidth usage and in-band security (page 7-8)

7

■ Virtual LANs—VLANs (page 7-14)

■ IP Multicast—IGMP (page 7-23)

■ Automatic Broadcast Control—ABC (page 7-30)

Advanced Concepts

7-1

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Advanced Concepts

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

Spannin g Tree Protoc ol (STP)

The switch us es the IEEE 8 02.1d Span ning Tree Pr otocol (STP) t o ensure that
only one path at a time is active between any two nodes on the network. In
networks where there is more than one physical path between any two nodes,
STP ensures a single active path between them by blocking all redundant
paths. STP is necessary in such networks becau se having more than one path
between a pair of nodes causes loops in the network, which can result in a
switch detecting the same node on more than one port. This r esults in

duplication of messages, leading to a “broadcast storm” that can bring down
the network.

Note The default STP s etting in the Switch 2000 is “Off”. If you a re u sing t he s witch

to provide redundant links, you should reconfigure the Spanning Tree Proto­col to “On”. Also, when multi ple VLANs are config ured, you must enable STP
separately for each VLAN in whi ch you want spanni n g tree to operate.

While allowin g only one active path through a network at any time, STP retains
any redundant physical path to serve as a backup (blocked) path in case the
existing active path fails. Thus, if a active path fails, STP automatically
activates (unbl o ck s) an ava ilable backup to serve as the new active path for
as long as the original active path is down. For example:

• Active path from node A to node B: 1—> 3

• Backup (red undant) path from node A to node B: 4 —> 2 —> 3

Advanced Concepts

path cost:
100

1

switch A

2

path cost: 100

3

path cost: 100

switch Dswitch B switch C

4

path cost:200

node
A

node
B

Figure 7-1. Example of Logical and Redundant Paths Be tween Two Nodes

7-2