HP FlexFabric 12900E Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide

HPE FlexFabric 12900E Switch Series

Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide

P Software Document version: 6W101-20161201

art number: 5200-1237a

version: Release 2606 and later

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Acknowledgments

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Configuring basic IP routing ··········································································· 1

Routing table ······················································································································································ 1 Dynamic routing protocols·································································································································· 2 Route preference ··············································································································································· 2 Load sharing ······················································································································································ 3 Route backup ····················································································································································· 3 Route recursion ·················································································································································· 3 Route redistribution ············································································································································ 3 Extension attribute redistribution ························································································································ 3 Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB··········································································· 4 Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB ···························································································· 4 Configuring RIB NSR ········································································································································· 5

Configuring IPv4 RIB NSR ························································································································· 5 Configuring IPv6 RIB NSR ························································································································· 5

Configuring inter-protocol FRR ·························································································································· 6

Configuring IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR ··································································································· 6

Configuring IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR ··································································································· 6 Enabling the IPv4 enhanced ECMP mode ········································································································· 7 Displaying and maintaining a routing table ········································································································ 7

Configuring static routing ··············································································· 9

Configuring a static route ··································································································································· 9 Configuring BFD for static routes ····················································································································· 10

Bidirectional control mode ························································································································ 10

Single-hop echo mode ····························································································································· 11 Configuring static route FRR ···························································································································· 12

Configuration guidelines ··························································································································· 12

Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop································································ 12

Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop ················································· 13

Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR ············································································ 13 Displaying and maintaining static routes ·········································································································· 13 Static route configuration examples ················································································································· 14

Basic static route configuration example ·································································································· 14

BFD for static routes configuration example (direct next hop) ································································· 15

BFD for static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ······························································ 18

Static route FRR configuration example ·································································································· 20

Configuring a default route ··········································································· 23 Configuring RIP ··························································································· 24

RIP route entries ······································································································································ 24

Routing loop prevention ··························································································································· 24

RIP operation ··········································································································································· 24

RIP versions ············································································································································· 25

Protocols and standards ·························································································································· 25 RIP configuration task list································································································································· 25 Configuring basic RIP ······································································································································ 26

Enabling RIP ············································································································································ 26

Controlling RIP reception and advertisement on interfaces ····································································· 27

Configuring a RIP version ························································································································ 27 Configuring RIP route control ··························································································································· 28

Configuring an additional routing metric ··································································································· 28

Configuring RIPv2 route summarization ·································································································· 29

Disabling host route reception ·················································································································· 30

Advertising a default route ······················································································································· 30

Configuring received/redistributed route filtering······················································································ 30

Setting a preference for RIP ····················································································································· 31

Configuring RIP route redistribution ········································································································· 31 Tuning and optimizing RIP networks ··············································································································· 32

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 32

Setting RIP timers ···································································································································· 32

Enabling split horizon and poison reverse ······························································································· 33

Setting the maximum number of RIP ECMP routes ················································································· 33

Enabling zero field check on incoming RIPv1 messages ········································································· 34

Enabling source IP address check on incoming RIP updates·································································· 34

Configuring RIPv2 message authentication ····························································································· 34

Setting the RIP triggered update interval ································································································· 35

Specifying a RIP neighbor ························································································································ 35

Configuring RIP network management ···································································································· 36

Configuring the RIP packet sending rate ································································································· 36

Setting the maximum length of RIP packets ···························································································· 37

Setting the DSCP value for outgoing RIP packets ··················································································· 37 Configuring RIP GR ········································································································································· 37 Enabling RIP NSR············································································································································ 38 Configuring BFD for RIP ·································································································································· 38

Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a directly connected RIP neighbor) ······································ 39

Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a specific destination) ··························································· 39

Configuring bidirectional control detection ······························································································· 40 Configuring RIP FRR ······································································································································· 40

Configuration restrictions and guidelines ································································································· 40

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 41

Configuring RIP FRR ······························································································································· 41

Enabling BFD for RIP FRR ······················································································································ 41 Displaying and maintaining RIP ······················································································································· 41 RIP configuration examples ····························································································································· 42

Configuring basic RIP ······························································································································ 42

Configuring RIP route redistribution ········································································································· 45

Configuring an additional metric for a RIP interface················································································· 47

Configuring RIP to advertise a summary route ························································································ 48

Configuring RIP GR ································································································································· 51

Configuring RIP NSR ······························································································································· 52

Configuring BFD for RIP (single-hop echo detection for a directly connected neighbor) ························· 53

Configuring BFD for RIP (single hop echo detection for a specific destination) ······································· 56

Configuring BFD for RIP (bidirectional detection in BFD control packet mode) ······································· 58

Configuring RIP FRR ······························································································································· 61

Configuring OSPF························································································ 64

OSPF packets ·········································································································································· 64

LSA types ················································································································································· 64

OSPF areas ············································································································································· 65

Router types ············································································································································· 67

Route types ·············································································································································· 68

Route calculation ······································································································································ 68

OSPF network types ································································································································ 69

DR and BDR ············································································································································ 69

Protocols and standards ·························································································································· 70 OSPF configuration task list ····························································································································· 70 Enabling OSPF ················································································································································ 72

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 72

Configuration guidelines ··························································································································· 73

Enabling OSPF on a network ··················································································································· 73

Enabling OSPF on an interface················································································································ 74 Configuring OSPF areas ·································································································································· 74

Configuring a stub area ···························································································································· 74

Configuring an NSSA area ······················································································································· 75

Configuring a virtual link ··························································································································· 75 Configuring OSPF network types ····················································································································· 76

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 76

Configuring the broadcast network type for an interface·········································································· 76

Configuring the NBMA network type for an interface ··············································································· 76

Configuring the P2MP network type for an interface················································································ 77

Configuring the P2P network type for an interface··················································································· 78 Configuring OSPF route control ······················································································································· 78

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 78

Configuring OSPF route summarization ·································································································· 78

Configuring received OSPF route filtering ································································································ 79

Configuring Type-3 LSA filtering ·············································································································· 80

Setting an OSPF cost for an interface······································································································ 80

Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ························································································ 81

Setting OSPF preference ························································································································· 81

Configuring discard routes for summary networks ··················································································· 81

Configuring OSPF route redistribution ····································································································· 82

Advertising a host route ··························································································································· 83

Excluding interfaces in an OSPF area from the base topology································································ 83 Tuning and optimizing OSPF networks ············································································································ 84

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 84

Setting OSPF timers ································································································································ 84

Setting LSA transmission delay ··············································································································· 85

Setting SPF calculation interval ··············································································································· 85

Setting the LSA arrival interval ················································································································· 86

Setting the LSA generation interval·········································································································· 86

Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPF packets ····························································· 87

Configuring stub routers ··························································································································· 87

Configuring OSPF authentication············································································································· 88

Adding the interface MTU into DD packets ······························································································ 89

Setting the DSCP value for outgoing OSPF packets ··············································································· 89

Setting the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB········································································· 89

Setting OSPF exit overflow interval·········································································································· 89

Enabling compatibility with RFC 1583······································································································ 90

Logging neighbor state changes ·············································································································· 90

Configuring OSPF network management ································································································ 91

Setting the LSU transmit rate ··················································································································· 91

Setting the maximum length of OSPF packets that can be sent by an interface ····································· 92

Enabling OSPF ISPF ······························································································································· 92

Configuring prefix suppression ················································································································· 92

Configuring prefix prioritization ················································································································· 93

Configuring OSPF PIC ····························································································································· 94

Setting the number of OSPF logs ············································································································ 95

Filtering outbound LSAs on an interface ·································································································· 95

Filtering LSAs for the specified neighbor ································································································· 95

Configuring GTSM for OSPF ··················································································································· 96 Configuring OSPF GR······································································································································ 97

Configuring OSPF GR restarter ··············································································································· 97

Configuring OSPF GR helper ··················································································································· 98

Triggering OSPF GR ································································································································ 98 Configuring OSPF NSR ··································································································································· 99 Configuring BFD for OSPF······························································································································· 99

Configuring bidirectional control detection ······························································································· 99

Configuring single-hop echo detection ··································································································· 100 Configuring OSPF FRR·································································································································· 100

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 100

Configuration guidelines ························································································································· 101

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 101 Advertising OSPF link state information to BGP ···························································································· 102 Displaying and maintaining OSPF ················································································································· 102 OSPF configuration examples ······················································································································· 104

Basic OSPF configuration example ······································································································· 104

OSPF route redistribution configuration example ·················································································· 106

OSPF route summarization configuration example ················································································ 108

iii

OSPF stub area configuration example ································································································· 111

OSPF NSSA area configuration example ······························································································ 113

OSPF DR election configuration example ······························································································ 115

OSPF virtual link configuration example ································································································ 119

OSPF GR configuration example ··········································································································· 121

OSPF NSR configuration example········································································································· 124

BFD for OSPF configuration example ···································································································· 126

OSPF FRR configuration example ········································································································· 129 Troubleshooting OSPF configuration ············································································································· 131

No OSPF neighbor relationship established ·························································································· 131

Incorrect routing information ·················································································································· 132

Configuring IS-IS ······················································································· 133

Terminology ··········································································································································· 133

IS-IS address format ······························································································································ 133

NET ························································································································································ 134

IS-IS area ··············································································································································· 135

IS-IS network types ································································································································ 136

IS-IS PDUs ············································································································································· 137

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 139 IS-IS configuration task list····························································································································· 139 Configuring basic IS-IS ·································································································································· 140

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 140

Enabling IS-IS ········································································································································ 141

Setting the IS level and circuit level ······································································································· 141

Configuring P2P network type for an interface ······················································································· 141 Configuring IS-IS route control ······················································································································· 142

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 142

Configuring IS-IS link cost ······················································································································ 142

Specifying a preference for IS-IS ··········································································································· 143

Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes ··············································································· 144

Configuring IS-IS route summarization ·································································································· 144

Advertising a default route ····················································································································· 145

Configuring IS-IS route redistribution ····································································································· 145

Configuring IS-IS route filtering ·············································································································· 145

Configuring IS-IS route leaking ·············································································································· 146 Tuning and optimizing IS-IS networks ··········································································································· 147

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 147

Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS hello packets ·········································································· 147

Specifying the IS-IS hello multiplier········································································································ 147

Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS CSNP packets ········································································ 148

Configuring a DIS priority for an interface ······························································································ 148

Disabling an interface from sending/receiving IS-IS packets ································································· 148

Enabling an interface to send small hello packets ················································································· 149

Configuring LSP parameters ·················································································································· 149

Controlling SPF calculation interval ······································································································· 151

Configuring convergence priorities for specific routes ··········································································· 152

Setting the LSDB overload bit ················································································································ 152

Configuring the ATT bit ·························································································································· 153

Configuring the tag value for an interface ······························································································ 153

Configuring system ID to host name mappings ····················································································· 154

Enabling the logging of neighbor state changes ···················································································· 155

Enabling IS-IS ISPF ······························································································································· 155

Enabling prefix suppression ··················································································································· 155

Configuring IS-IS network management ································································································ 156

Configuring IS-IS PIC ····························································································································· 157 Enhancing IS-IS network security ·················································································································· 158

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 158

Configuring neighbor relationship authentication ··················································································· 158

Configuring area authentication ············································································································· 158

Configuring routing domain authentication····························································································· 159

Configuring IS-IS GR ····································································································································· 159 Configuring IS-IS NSR ··································································································································· 160 Configuring BFD for IS-IS ······························································································································ 161 Configuring IS-IS FRR ··································································································································· 161

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 162

Configuration guidelines ························································································································· 162

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 162 Displaying and maintaining IS-IS ··················································································································· 163 IS-IS configuration examples ························································································································· 165

Basic IS-IS configuration example ········································································································· 165

DIS election configuration example········································································································ 169

IS-IS route redistribution configuration example ···················································································· 173

IS-IS authentication configuration example···························································································· 177

IS-IS GR configuration example············································································································· 180

IS-IS NSR configuration example ·········································································································· 181

BFD for IS-IS configuration example ······································································································ 184

IS-IS FRR configuration example··········································································································· 187

Configuring BGP ························································································ 191

BGP speaker and BGP peer ·················································································································· 191

BGP message types ······························································································································ 191

BGP path attributes ································································································································ 191

BGP route selection ······························································································································· 195

BGP route advertisement rules ·············································································································· 195

BGP load balancing ······························································································································· 196

Settlements for problems in large-scale BGP networks ········································································· 197

MP-BGP ················································································································································· 200

BGP multi-instance ································································································································ 201

BGP configuration views ························································································································ 201

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 203 BGP configuration task list ····························································································································· 203 Configuring basic BGP ··································································································································· 206

Enabling BGP ········································································································································· 206

Configuring a BGP peer ························································································································· 207

Configuring dynamic BGP peers ············································································································ 209

Configuring a BGP peer group ··············································································································· 211

Specifying the source address of TCP connections ··············································································· 220 Generating BGP routes ·································································································································· 221

Injecting a local network ························································································································· 221

Redistributing IGP routes ······················································································································· 223 Controlling route distribution and reception ··································································································· 224

Configuring BGP route summarization ··································································································· 224

Advertising optimal routes in the IP routing table ··················································································· 227

Advertising a default route to a peer or peer group················································································ 228

Limiting routes received from a peer or peer group ··············································································· 230

Configuring BGP route filtering policies ································································································· 231

Configuring BGP route update delay ····································································································· 237

Configuring BGP route dampening ········································································································ 238 Controlling BGP path selection ······················································································································ 239

Setting a preferred value for routes received ························································································· 239

Configuring preferences for BGP routes ································································································ 241

Configuring the default local preference ································································································ 242

Configuring the MED attribute ················································································································ 244

Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute ···································································································· 248

Configuring the AS_PATH attribute ······································································································· 250

Ignoring IGP metrics during optimal route selection ·············································································· 255

Configuring the SoO attribute ················································································································· 256 Tuning and optimizing BGP networks ············································································································ 258

Configuring the keepalive interval and hold time ··················································································· 258

Configuring the interval for sending updates for the same route ··························································· 259

Enabling BGP to establish an EBGP session over multiple hops ·························································· 260

Enabling immediate re-establishment of direct EBGP connections upon link failure ····························· 261

Enabling 4-byte AS number suppression ······························································································· 262

Enabling MD5 authentication for BGP peers ························································································· 263

Enabling keychain authentication for BGP peers ··················································································· 264

Configuring BGP load balancing ············································································································ 265

Disabling BGP to establish a session to a peer or peer group ······························································· 266

Configuring GTSM for BGP ···················································································································· 267

Configuring BGP soft-reset ···················································································································· 268

Protecting an EBGP peer when memory usage reaches level 2 threshold ··········································· 274

Configuring an update delay for local MPLS labels ··············································································· 275

Flushing the suboptimal BGP route to the RIB ······················································································ 276

Setting a DSCP value for outgoing BGP packets ·················································································· 276

Enabling per-prefix label allocation ········································································································ 277

Disabling optimal route selection for labeled routes without tunnel information ····································· 277 Configuring a large-scale BGP network ········································································································· 278

Configuring BGP community ·················································································································· 278

Configuring BGP route reflection ··········································································································· 280

Configuring a BGP confederation ·········································································································· 282 Configuring BGP GR ······································································································································ 283 Configuring BGP NSR···································································································································· 284 Enabling SNMP notifications for BGP ············································································································ 285 Enabling logging for session state changes ··································································································· 285 Enabling logging for BGP route flapping ········································································································ 286 Configuring BFD for BGP ······························································································································· 288 Configuring BGP FRR ···································································································································· 289 Configuring 6PE ············································································································································· 292

Configuring basic 6PE ···························································································································· 292

Configuring optional 6PE capabilities····································································································· 293 Configuring BGP LS ······································································································································· 295

Configuring basic BGP LS ····················································································································· 295

Configuring BGP LS route reflection ······································································································ 295

Specifying an AS number and a router ID for BGP LS messages ························································· 296 Displaying and maintaining BGP···················································································································· 296

Displaying BGP ······································································································································ 296

Resetting BGP sessions ························································································································ 299

Clearing BGP information ······················································································································ 299 IPv4 BGP configuration examples ················································································································· 300

Basic BGP configuration example·········································································································· 300

BGP and IGP route redistribution configuration example ······································································ 304

BGP route summarization configuration example ·················································································· 307

BGP load balancing configuration example ··························································································· 310

BGP community configuration example ································································································· 313

BGP route reflector configuration example ···························································································· 316

BGP confederation configuration example····························································································· 318

BGP path selection configuration example ···························································································· 322

BGP GR configuration example ············································································································· 325

BFD for BGP configuration example ······································································································ 326

BGP FRR configuration example ··········································································································· 330

Multicast BGP configuration example ···································································································· 334

Dynamic BGP peer configuration example ···························································································· 337

BGP LS configuration example ·············································································································· 339 IPv6 BGP configuration examples ················································································································· 341

IPv6 BGP basic configuration example ·································································································· 341

IPv6 BGP route reflector configuration example ···················································································· 344

6PE configuration example ···················································································································· 347

BFD for IPv6 BGP configuration example ······························································································ 350

IPv6 BGP FRR configuration example ··································································································· 353 Troubleshooting BGP ····································································································································· 357

Symptom ················································································································································ 357

Analysis ·················································································································································· 357

Solution ·················································································································································· 357

Configuring PBR ························································································ 358

Policy ······················································································································································ 358

PBR and Track ······································································································································· 359 PBR configuration task list ····························································································································· 359 Configuring a policy········································································································································ 360

Creating a node ······································································································································ 360

Setting match criteria for a node ············································································································ 360

Configuring actions for a node ··············································································································· 361 Specifying a policy for PBR ···························································································································· 361

Specifying a policy for local PBR ··········································································································· 361

Specifying a policy for interface PBR ····································································································· 362

Specifying a policy for outbound PBR on a VXLAN tunnel interface ····················································· 362 Displaying and maintaining PBR ···················································································································· 363 PBR configuration examples ·························································································································· 363

Packet type-based local PBR configuration example ············································································ 363

Packet type-based interface PBR configuration example ······································································ 365

Configuring IPv6 static routing ··································································· 367

Configuring an IPv6 static route ····················································································································· 367 Configuring BFD for IPv6 static routes ··········································································································· 367

Bidirectional control mode ······················································································································ 368

Single-hop echo mode ··························································································································· 368 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 static routes································································································ 369 IPv6 static routing configuration examples ···································································································· 369

Basic IPv6 static route configuration example ······················································································· 369

BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (direct next hop) ······················································· 371

BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ···················································· 374

Configuring an IPv6 default route······························································· 377 Configuring RIPng ····················································································· 378

RIPng route entries ································································································································ 378

RIPng packets ········································································································································ 378

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 379 RIPng configuration task list··························································································································· 379 Configuring basic RIPng ································································································································ 379 Configuring RIPng route control ····················································································································· 380

Configuring an additional routing metric ································································································· 380

Configuring RIPng route summarization ································································································ 380

Advertising a default route ····················································································································· 381

Configuring received/redistributed route filtering···················································································· 381

Setting a preference for RIPng ··············································································································· 381

Configuring RIPng route redistribution ··································································································· 382 Tuning and optimizing the RIPng network ····································································································· 382

Setting RIPng timers ······························································································································ 382

Configuring split horizon and poison reverse ························································································· 383

Configuring zero field check on RIPng packets ····················································································· 383

Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ······················································································ 384

Configuring the RIPng packet sending rate ··························································································· 384

Setting the interval for sending triggered updates ·················································································· 385 Configuring RIPng GR ··································································································································· 385 Configuring RIPng NSR ································································································································· 386 Configuring RIPng FRR ································································································································· 386

Configuration restrictions and guidelines ······························································································· 387

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 387

Configuring RIPng FRR ························································································································· 387

Enabling BFD for RIPng FRR ················································································································ 387 Displaying and maintaining RIPng ················································································································· 388 RIPng configuration examples ······················································································································· 388

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Basic RIPng configuration example ······································································································· 388

RIPng route redistribution configuration example ·················································································· 391

RIPng GR configuration example··········································································································· 393

RIPng NSR configuration example ········································································································ 394

Configuring RIPng FRR ························································································································· 396

Configuring OSPFv3 ·················································································· 399

OSPFv3 packets ···································································································································· 399

OSPFv3 LSA types ································································································································ 399

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 400 OSPFv3 configuration task list ······················································································································· 400 Enabling OSPFv3··········································································································································· 401 Configuring OSPFv3 area parameters ··········································································································· 402

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 402

Configuring a stub area ·························································································································· 402

Configuring an NSSA area ····················································································································· 402

Configuring an OSPFv3 virtual link ········································································································ 403 Configuring OSPFv3 network types ··············································································································· 403

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 404

Configuring the OSPFv3 network type for an interface ·········································································· 404

Configuring an NBMA or P2MP neighbor ······························································································ 404 Configuring OSPFv3 route control ················································································································· 405

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 405

Configuring OSPFv3 route summarization ····························································································· 405

Configuring OSPFv3 received route filtering ·························································································· 406

Configuring Inter-Area-Prefix LSA filtering ····························································································· 406

Setting an OSPFv3 cost for an interface ································································································ 406

Setting the maximum number of OSPFv3 ECMP routes ······································································· 407

Setting a preference for OSPFv3 ··········································································································· 407

Configuring OSPFv3 route redistribution ······························································································· 408 Tuning and optimizing OSPFv3 networks ······································································································ 409

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 409

Setting OSPFv3 timers ··························································································································· 409

Setting LSA transmission delay ············································································································· 410

Setting SPF calculation interval ············································································································· 410

Setting the LSA generation interval········································································································ 410

Setting a DR priority for an interface ······································································································ 411

Ignoring MTU check for DD packets ······································································································ 411

Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPFv3 packets ························································ 411

Enabling logging for neighbor state changes ························································································· 412

Configuring OSPFv3 network management··························································································· 412

Setting the LSU transmit rate ················································································································· 413

Configuring stub routers ························································································································· 413

Configuring prefix suppression ··············································································································· 414

Setting the maximum number of OSPFv3 logs ······················································································ 415

Configuring OSPFv3 authentication ······································································································· 415 Configuring OSPFv3 GR ································································································································ 416

Configuring GR restarter ························································································································ 416

Configuring GR helper ··························································································································· 417

Triggering OSPFv3 GR ·························································································································· 417 Configuring OSPFv3 NSR······························································································································ 417 Configuring BFD for OSPFv3 ························································································································· 418 Configuring OSPFv3 FRR ······························································································································ 418

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 419

Configuration guidelines ························································································································· 419

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 419 Displaying and maintaining OSPFv3·············································································································· 421 OSPFv3 configuration examples···················································································································· 422

OSPFv3 stub area configuration example ····························································································· 422

OSPFv3 NSSA area configuration example ·························································································· 426

OSPFv3 DR election configuration example ·························································································· 428

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OSPFv3 route redistribution configuration example··············································································· 431

OSPFv3 route summarization configuration example ············································································ 434

OSPFv3 GR configuration example ······································································································· 438

OSPFv3 NSR configuration example ····································································································· 439

BFD for OSPFv3 configuration example ································································································ 440

OSPFv3 FRR configuration example ····································································································· 443

Configuring IPv6 IS-IS ··············································································· 446

Overview ························································································································································ 446 Configuring basic IPv6 IS-IS ·························································································································· 446 Configuring IPv6 IS-IS route control ·············································································································· 447

Configuring IPv6 IS-IS link cost·············································································································· 448 Tuning and optimizing IPv6 IS-IS networks ··································································································· 449

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 449

Assigning a convergence priority to IPv6 IS-IS routes ··········································································· 449

Setting the LSDB overload bit ················································································································ 450

Configuring a tag value on an interface ································································································· 450

Controlling SPF calculation interval ······································································································· 450

Enabling IPv6 IS-IS ISPF ······················································································································· 451

Enabling prefix suppression ··················································································································· 451 Configuring BFD for IPv6 IS-IS ······················································································································ 451 Configuring IPv6 IS-IS FRR ··························································································································· 452

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 452

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 453 Enabling IPv6 IS-IS MTR ······························································································································· 454 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 IS-IS ··········································································································· 455 IPv6 IS-IS configuration examples ················································································································· 455

IPv6 IS-IS basic configuration example ································································································· 455

BFD for IPv6 IS-IS configuration example ····························································································· 460

IPv6 IS-IS FRR configuration example ·································································································· 462

Configuring IPv6 PBR ················································································ 466

PBR and Track ······································································································································· 467 IPv6 PBR configuration task list ····················································································································· 467 Configuring an IPv6 policy ····························································································································· 467

Creating an IPv6 node ··························································································································· 467

Setting match criteria for an IPv6 node ·································································································· 468

Configuring actions for an IPv6 node ····································································································· 468 Configuring IPv6 PBR ···································································································································· 469

Configuring IPv6 local PBR ···················································································································· 469

Configuring IPv6 interface PBR ············································································································· 469 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PBR············································································································ 470 IPv6 PBR configuration examples·················································································································· 470

Packet type-based IPv6 local PBR configuration example ···································································· 470

Packet type-based IPv6 interface PBR configuration example ······························································ 472

Configuring routing policies ········································································ 475

Filters ····················································································································································· 475

Routing policy ········································································································································· 475 Configuring filters ··········································································································································· 476

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 476

Configuring an IP prefix list ···················································································································· 476

Configuring an AS path list ····················································································································· 477

Configuring a community list ·················································································································· 477

Configuring an extended community list ································································································ 477 Configuring a routing policy···························································································································· 478

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 478

Creating a routing policy ························································································································ 478

Configuring if-match clauses ·················································································································· 478

Configuring apply clauses ······················································································································ 480

Configuring the continue clause ············································································································· 481 Displaying and maintaining the routing policy ································································································ 482 Routing policy configuration examples ·········································································································· 482

Routing policy configuration example for IPv4 route redistribution ························································ 482

Routing policy configuration example for IPv6 route redistribution ························································ 485

Document conventions and icons ······························································ 488

Conventions ··················································································································································· 488 Network topology icons ·································································································································· 489

Support and other resources ····································································· 490

Accessing Hewlett Packard Enterprise Support····························································································· 490 Accessing updates ········································································································································· 490

Websites ················································································································································ 490

Customer self repair ······························································································································· 491

Remote support ······································································································································ 491

Documentation feedback ······················································································································· 491

Index ·········································································································· 492

Configuring basic IP routing

Criterion

Routing table

A RIB contains the global routing information and related information, including route recursion, route redistribution, and ro ute extension information. The r outer selects optimal routes f rom the routing table and puts them into the FIB table. It uses the FIB table to forward packets. For more information about the FIB table, see Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.

Table 1 categorizes routes by different criteria.

Table 1 Route categories

• Network route—

Destination

bits.

• Host route—The destination is a host. The subnet mask is 32 bits.

destination is directly connected

Origin

• Direct route—The destination is directly connected.

• Indirect route—The destination is indirectly connected.

• Direct route—A direct route is discovered by the data link protocol on an

interface, and is also called an interface route.

• Static route—A static route is manually configured by an administrator.

• Dynamic route—A dynamic route is dynamically discovered by a routing

protocol.

To view brief information about a routing table, use the display ip routing-table command.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table

Destinations : 9 Routes : 9

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 ...

A route entry includes the following key items:

Destination—IP address of the destination host or network. Mask—Mask length of the IP address. Proto—Protocol that installed the route. Pre—Preference of the route. Among routes to the same destination, the route with the highest

preference is optimal.

•

Criterion

Dynamic routing protocols

Static routes work well in small, stable networks. They are easy to configure and require fewer system resources. However, in networks where topology changes occur frequently, a typical practice is to configure a dynamic routing protocol. Compared with static routing, a dynamic routing protocol is complicated to configure, requires more router resources, and consumes more network resources.

Dynamic routing protocols dynamically collect and report reachability information to adapt to topology changes. They are suitable for large networks.

Dynamic routing protocols can be classified by different criteria, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Categories of dynamic routing protocols

Operation scope

Routing algorithm

Destination address type

IP version

• IGPs—Work within an AS. Examples includ e RIP, OSPF, and IS-IS.

• EGPs—Work between ASs. The most popular EGP is BGP.

• Distance-vector protocols—Examples include

considered a path-vector protocol.

• Link-state protocols—Examples include OSPF and IS-IS.

• Unicast routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.

• Multicast routing protocols—Examples include PIM-SM and PIM-DM.

• IPv4 routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.

• IPv6 routing protocols—Examples include RIPng, OSPFv3, IPv6 BGP, and

IPv6 IS-IS.

An AS refers to a group of routers that use the sam e routing policy and work under the same administration.

Route preference

Routing protocols, includ in g stat ic and direc t r out ing, eac h b y defau lt have a preference. If they find multiple routes to the sam e dest ination, the router selec ts the r oute with the hig hest pref erence as the optimal route.

The preference of a direct route is always 0 and cannot be changed. Y ou can configure a preference for each static route and each dynamic routing protocol. The following table lists the route types and default preferences. The smaller the value, the higher the preference.

Table 3 Route types and default route preferences

Direct route 0 Multicast static route 1 OSPF 10 IS-IS 15 Unicast static route 60

Route type

Preference

RIP 100 OSPF ASE 150 OSPF NSSA 150 IBGP 255 EBGP 255 Unknown (route from an untrusted source) 256

Load sharing

A routing protocol might find multiple optimal equal-cost routes to the same destination. You can use these routes to implement equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) load sharing.

Static routing, IPv6 static routing, RIP, RIPng, OSPF, OSPFv3, BGP, IP v6 B GP, IS-IS, and IPv6 IS-IS support ECMP load sharing.

Route backup

Route backup can im prove network availability. Among m ultiple rout es to the s ame destin ation, the route with the highest priority is the prim ary route and others are secondary routes.

The router forwards m atching p ackets through the prim ary route. W hen the primar y route fails, the route with the highest preference among the secondary routes is selected to forward packets. When the primary route recovers, the router uses it to forward packets.

Route recursion

To use a BGP, s tatic , or R I P route that has an ind irec tl y co nnec t ed nex t ho p, a r o uter must perform route recursion to find the output interface to reach the next hop.

Link-state routing pro tocols, such as O SPF and IS-IS, do not need route rec ursion, because th ey obtain directly connected next hops through route calculation.

The RIB records and sa ves route recursion informati on, including brief information abo ut related routes, recursive paths, and recur sion dep th.

Route redistribution

Route redistribution enables routing protocols to learn routing information from each other. A dynamic routing pr otocol can redistribute routes from other routing protocols, including direct and static routing. For more inform ation, see the respective c hapters on those ro uting protocols in this configuration guide.

The RIB records redistribution relationships of routing protocols.

Extension attribute redistribution

Extension attribute redistribution enables routi ng protocols to learn route extension attri butes from each other, including BGP extended comm unity attributes , OSPF area IDs , route types, and rout er IDs.

The RIB records extended attributes of each routing protocol and redistribution relationships of

Step

Command

Remarks

rib

y default, no RIB IPv4

y default, the maximum

Step

Command

Remarks

y default, no RIB IPv6

y default, the maximum

Step

Command

Remarks

y default, no RIB IPv4

different routing protocol extended attributes.

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB

Perform this task to prevent rout es of a certain protocol from being aged out due to slo w protocol convergence resulting from a large number of route entries or long GR period.

The configuration takes effect at the next protocol or RIB process switchover. To set the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv4):

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

4. Set the maximum lifetime for IPv4 routes and labels in the RIB.

To set the maximum route lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv6):

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

4. Set the maximum lifetime for IPv6 routes and labels in the RIB.

system-view

address-family ipv4

protocol

instance-name ]

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

protocol

instance-name ]

protocol [

lifetime

protocol [

lifetime

instance

seconds

instance

seconds

N/A N/A B

address family exists. B

lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB is 480 seconds.

N/A N/A B

address family exists. B

lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB is 480 seconds.

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB

When GR or NSR is disabled, FIB entries m ust be ret ained for s ome tim e after a protoco l proces s switchover or RIB proces s switcho ver. When GR or NSR is enab led, FIB entri es m ust be removed immediately after a protocol or RIB pr oc ess switchover to avoi d routing issues. Pe rf orm this task to meet such requirements.

To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv4):

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

N/A N/A B

address family exists.

Step

Command

Remarks

4. Set the maximum lifetime for

y default, the maximum

lifetime for routes in the FIB

Step

Command

Remarks

y default, no RIB IPv6

y default, the maximum

lifetime for routes in the FIB

IMPORTANT:

Use this feature with protocol GR or NSR to avoid route timeouts and traffic interruption.

Step

Command

Remarks

By default, no RIB IPv4

By default, RIB NSR is

Step

Command

Remarks

RIB IPv6

IPv4 routes in the FIB.

To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv6):

fib lifetime

seconds

B is 600 seconds.

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

4. Set the maximum lifetime for IPv6 routes in the FIB.

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

fib lifetime

Configuring RIB NSR

When an active/standby switchover occurs, nonstop routing (NSR) backs up routing information from the active process to the standby process to a void routing flapping and ensure forwarding continuity.

RIB NSR provides faster route convergence than protocol NSR during an active/standby switchover.

Configuring IP v4 RIB NSR

seconds

N/A N/A B

address family exists. B

is 600 seconds.

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

4. Enable IPv4 RIB NSR.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

non-stop-routing

Configuring IP v6 RIB NSR

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

N/A N/A

address family exists.

disabled.

N/A N/A By default, no

address family exists.

Step

Command

Remarks

4. Enable IPv6 RIB NSR.

By default, RIB NSR is

CAUTION:

This feature faulty route, which might cause loops.

Step

Command

Remarks

By default, no RIB IPv4

Enable IPv4 RIB

protocol FRR

is enabled for the public

Step

Command

Remarks

By default, no RIB IPv6

Enable IPv6 RIB

protocol FRR

is enabled for the public

non-stop-routing

Configuring inter-protocol FRR

disabled.

uses the next hop of a route from a different protocol as the backup next hop for the

Inter-protocol fast reroute (FRR) enables fast rerouting between routes of different protocols. A backup next hop is automatically selected to reduce the service interruption time caused by unreachable next hops. W hen the next hop of the prim ary link fails, the traffic is redirected to the backup next hop.

Among the routes to the same destination in the RIB, a router adds the route with the highest preference to the FIB tab le. For example, if a static route and an O SPF route in the RI B have the same destination, the router adds the OSPF ro ute to the FIB ta ble by default. The next hop of the static route is selected as the backup next hop for the OSPF route. When the next hop of the OSPF route is unreachable, the backup next hop is used.

Configuring IP v4 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

N/A N/A

address family exists.

inter-protocol FRR.

inter-protocol fast-reroute

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance-name ]

Configuring IP v6 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

inter-protocol FRR.

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

inter-protocol fast-reroute

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance-name ]

By default, inter-protocol FRR is disabled.

If you do not specify a VPN instance, inter-

network.

N/A N/A

address family exists. By default, inter-protocol

FRR is disabled. If you do not specify a VPN

instance, internetwork.

Step

Command

Remarks

Enable the IPv4 enhanced

By default, the IPv4 enhanced ECMP mode is

Task

Command

information about routes

Display information about routes

routing table

Display next hop information in the

Enabling the IPv4 enhanced ECMP mode

When one or multiple ECMP routes fail, the default ECMP mode enables the device to reallocate all traffic to the remaining routes.

The IPv4 enhanced ECMP mode enables the device to reallocate only the traffic of the failed routes to the remaining routes, which ensures forwarding continuity.

This configuration takes effect at reboot. Make sure the reboot does not impact your network. To enable the IPv4 enhanced ECMP mode:

1. Enter system view.

ECMP mode.

system-view

ecmp mode enhanced

N/A

disabled.

Displaying and maintaining a routing table

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Display the IPv4 ECMP mode.

Display routing table information.

Display information about routes permitted by an IPv4 basic ACL.

Display information about routes to a specific destination address.

Display information about routes to a range of destination addresses.

Display permitted by an IP prefix list.

display ecmp mode display ip routing-table

verbose ]

[

display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance

ipv4-acl-number [

display ip routing-table

ip-address [ mask-length | mask ] [

display ip routing-table

ip-address1 to ip-address2 [

display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance prefix-list

prefix-list-name [

verbose ]

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance

[

longer-match

vpn-instance

[

verbose ]

vpn-instance-name ]

verbose ]

] [

acl

installed by a protocol.

Display IPv4 route statistics.

Display brief IPv4 information.

Display route attribute information in the RIB.

Display RIB GR state information.

RIB. Display next hop informatio n for direct

routes.

display ip routing-table protocol

display ip routing-table statistics

display ip routing-table summary

display rib attribute

display rib graceful-restart display rib nib

display rib nib protocol

display route-direct nib

protocol [

self-originated

[

inactive

[

[ attribute-id ]

protocol [

[ nib-id ] [

vpn-instance

verbose ]

vpn-instance

] [ nib-id ] [

verbose ]

vpn-instance-name ]

verbose

]

Task

Command

Clear IPv4 route statistics.

isplay information about routes to a

information about routes

routing table

attribute information in

Display IPv6 RIB GR state

Display next hop information in the

reset ip routing-table statistics protocol [ vpn-instance

vpn-instance-name ] { protocol |

all }

Display IPv6 routing tab le infor mation.

Display information about rout es to an IPv6 destination address.

Display information about routes permitted by an IPv6 basic ACL.

D range of IPv6 destination addresses.

Display permitted by an IPv6 prefix list.

Display installed by an IPv6 protocol.

Display IPv6 route statistics.

Display brief IPv6 information.

Display route the IPv6 RIB.

information.

IPv6 RIB.

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance

verbose ]

[

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance

ipv6-address [ prefix-length ] [

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance acl

ipv6-acl-number [

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance

ipv6-address1 to ipv6-address2 [

display ipv6 routing-table prefix-list

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance protocol

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance statistics

display ipv6 routing-table summary

display ipv6 rib attribute

display ipv6 rib graceful-restart

display ipv6 rib nib display ipv6 rib nib protocol

prefix-list-name [

protocol [

verbose ]

inactive | verbose ]

self-originated

[

longer-match

verbose ]

vpn-instance

[

verbose ]

vpn-instance

[

[ attribute-id ]

protocol [

] [ nib-id ] [

verbose ]

vpn-instance-name ]

verbose ]

] [

vpn-instance-name ]

verbose

]

Display next hop information for IPv6 direct routes.

Clear IPv6 route statistics.

display ipv6 route-direct nib

reset ipv6 routing-table statistics protocol

vpn-instance-name ] { protocol |

[ nib-id ] [

all }

verbose ]

vpn-instance

[

•

Step

Command

Remarks

system-view

static route group

(Optional.) Add a the static route

By default, no static route

figure a static

] |

Configuring static routing

Static routes are m anuall y conf igured. If a net work 's topology is sim ple, you only nee d to co nfigure static routes for the network to work correctly.

Static routes cannot ada pt t o net wor k topology changes. If a fault or a topological change oc c urs in the network, the network administrator must modify the static routes manually.

Configuring a static route

Before you configure a static route, complete the following tasks:

Configure the physical parameters for related interfaces. Configure the link-layer attributes for related interfaces. Configure the IP addresses for related interfaces.

You can associate Track with a static route to m onitor the reachabil ity of the next hops. For m ore information about Track, see High Availability Configuration Guide.

To configure a static route:

1. Enter system view.

2. (Optional.) Create a

and enter its view.

static route prefix to group.

4. (Optional.) Return to system view.

5. Con route.

ip route-static-group

prefix

dest-address { mask-length | mask }

quit

• Method 1: ip route-static { dest-address { mask-length

| mask } | group group-name } { interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address ] | next-hop-address [ track track-entry-number ] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address [ track track-entry-number ] } [ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2: ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name { dest-address { mask-length | mask } | group group-name } { interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address ] | next-hop-address [ public ] [ track track-entry-number

vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address [ track track-entry-number ] } [ permanent ]

[ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

group-name

N/A By default, no static route

group is configured.

prefix is added to the static route group.

N/A

By default, no static route is configured.

Step

Command

Remarks

Configure the default preference

static routes,

To delete one static route,

undo ip

IMPORTANT:

Enabling BFD for a flapping route could worsen the situation.

•

Step

Command

Remarks

Configure BFD

Step

Command

Remarks

6. (Optional.)

ip route-static default-preference

for static routes.

7. (Optional.) Delete all including the default

route.

default-preference

delete [ vpn-instance static-routes all

vpn-instance-name ]

Configuring BFD for static routes

The default setting is 60.

use the

route-static

command.

BFD provides a general-purpose, standard, medium-, and protocol-independent fast failure detection mechanis m. It can uniformly and quickly detec t th e failures of the b id ire c tiona l f orwarding paths between two routers for protocols, such as routing protocols and MPLS.

For more information about BFD, see High Availability Configuration Guide.

Bidirectional c ontrol mode

To use BFD bidirectional control detection between two devices, enable BFD control mode for each device's static route destined to the peer.

To configure a static route and enable BFD control mode, use one of the following methods:

Specify an output interface and a direct next hop. Specify an indirect next hop and a specific BFD packet source address for the static route.

To configure BFD control mode for a static route (direct next hop):

1. Enter system view.

control mode for a static route.

To configure BFD control mode for a static route (indirect next hop):

system-view

• Method 1:

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number next-hop-address bfd control-packet

[ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2:

ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address

{ mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number next-hop-address bfd control-packet [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

N/A

By default, BFD control mode for a static route is not configured.

1. Enter system view.

system-view

N/A

Step

Command

Remarks

Configure BFD

By default, BFD control

IMPORTANT:

Do not use BFD for a static route with the output interface in spoofing state.

Step

Command

Remarks

Configure the source address of

, the source

Availability Command

for a static

for a static route is not

• Method 1:

control mode for a static route.

• Method 2:

Single-hop echo mode

With BFD echo mode enabled for a static route, the output interface sends BFD echo packets to the destination device, which loops the packets back to test the link reachability.

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } { next-hop-address bfd control-packet bfd-source ip-address | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address bfd

control-packet bfd-source ip-address } [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address { mask-length | mask } { next-hop-address bfd control-packet bfd-source ip-address | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address bfd control-packet bfd-source ip-address } [ preference

preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

mode for a static route is not configured.

To configure BFD echo mode for a static route:

1. Enter system view.

echo packets.

3. Configure BFD echo mode route.

system-view

bfd echo-source-ip

• Method 1:

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number next-hop-address bfd echo-packet

[ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2: ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type

interface-number next-hop-address bfd echo-packet [ preference preference ] [ tag

tag-value ] [ description text ]

ip-address

N/A By default

address of echo packets is not configured.

For more information a bout this command, see High

Reference.

By default, BFD echo mode configured.

•

Step

Command

Remarks

Configure static route

] ] ]

tag

description

By default, static route FRR

Router A

Router B Router E

Backup nexthop:

Router C

Nexthop:

Router D

Configuring static route FRR

A link or router failure on a path can cause packet loss and even routing loop. Static route fast reroute (FRR) enables fast rerouting to minimize the impact of link or node failures.

Figure 1 Network diagram

As shown in Figure 1, upon a link failure, packets are directed to the backup next hop to avoid traffic interruption. Y ou can either specify a backup next hop for FRR or enable FRR to automatically select a backup next hop (which must be configured in advance).

Configuration guidelines

Do not use static route FRR and BFD (for a static route) at the same time. Static route does not take effect when the backup output interface is unavailable. Equal-cost routes do not support static route FRR. The backup output interface and next hop must be different from the primary output interface

To change the backup output interface or next hop, you must first remove the current setting. Static route FRR is available only when the state of primary link (with Layer 3 interfaces staying

Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop

1. Enter system view.

and next hop.

up) changes from bidirectional to unidirectional or down.

system-view

• Method 1:

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address [ backup-interface interface-type

interface-number [ backup-nexthop backup-nexthop-address

[ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

FRR.

• Method 2: ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address [ backup-interface interface-type

interface-number [ backup-nexthop backup-nexthop-address

[ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [

tag-value ] [

text ]

N/A

is disabled.

Step

Command

Remarks

system-view

FRR is

Step

Command

Remarks

Configure the source IP address of BFD echo

echo packets is not

High Availability

Enable BFD echo packet

By default, BFD echo mode for

Task

Command

Display static route next hop

ing table

Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure static route FRR to

automatically select a backup next hop.

ip route-static fast-reroute auto

N/A By default, static route

disabled from automatically selecting a backup next hop.

Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR

By default, static route F RR uses ARP to detec t primary link f ailures. Perform this task to enable static route FRR to use BFD echo packet mode for fast failure detection on the primary link.

To enable BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR:

1. Enter system view.

packets.

system-view

bfd echo-source-ip

ip-address

N/A By default, the source IP address

of BFD configured.

The source IP address cannot be on the same network segment as any local interface's IP address.

For more information about this command, see Command Reference.

mode for static route FRR.

ip route-static primary-path-detect bfd echo

static route FRR is disabled.

Displaying and maintaining static routes

Execute display commands in any view.

Display static route information.

information. Display static rout

information.

display ip routing-table protocol static

display route-static nib

display route-static routing-table

vpn-instance-name ] [ ip-address { mask-length | mask } ]

[ nib-id ] [

[

verbose ]

inactive

[

verbose ]

vpn-instance

Vlan-int100

1.1.6.1/24

Host B

1.1.6.2/24

Vlan-int500

1.1.4.2/30

Vlan-int600

1.1.5.5/30

Vlan-int500

1.1.4.1/30

Vlan-int600

1.1.5.6/30

Vlan-int900

1.1.3.1/24

Vlan-int300

1.1.2.3/24

Host A

1.1.2.2/24

Host C

1.1.3.2/24

Switch B

Switch A

Switch C

Static route configuration examples

Basic static route configuration example

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 2, c onf i gure s tat ic routes on th e switches for interc onnections between an y t wo hosts.

Figure 2 Network diagram

Configuration procedure

1. Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure static routes:

# Configure a default route on Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view [SwitchA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.4.2

# Configure two static routes on Switch B.

<SwitchB> system-view [SwitchB] ip route-static 1.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.4.1 [SwitchB] ip route-static 1.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.6

# Configure a default route on Switch C.

<SwitchC> system-view [SwitchC] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.5.5

3. Configure the default gateways of Host A, Host B, and Host C as 1.1.2.3, 1.1.6.1, and 1.1.3.1. (Details not shown.)

Verifying the configuration

# Display static routes on Switch A.

[SwitchA] display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 1

Static Routing table Status : <Ac ti ve> Summary Coun t : 1

Destination/M ask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 1.1.4.2 Vlan500

Static Routing ta ble Status : <Inac tive> Summary Coun t : 0

# Display static routes on Switch B.

[SwitchB] display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 2

Static Routing table Status : <Ac ti ve> Summary Coun t : 2

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

1.1.2.0/24 Static 60 0 1.1.4.1 Vlan500

Static Routing table Status : <In ac tive> Summary Coun t : 0

# Use the ping command on Host B to test the reachability of Host A (Windows XP runs on the two hosts).

C:\Documents an d Settings\Administrator>ping 1.1.2.2

Pinging 1.1.2.2 with 32 bytes of data :

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126

Ping statist ics for 1.1.2.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximat e round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms

# Use the tracert command on Host B to test the reachability of Host A.

C:\Documents an d Settings\Administrator>tracert 1.1.2.2

Tracing rout e to 1.1.2.2 over a maxi mum of 30 hops

1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.6.1 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.4.1 3 1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.2.2

Trace complete.

BFD for static routes configuration ex am ple (direct next hop)

Network requirements

Configure the following, as shown in Figure 3:

•

Device

Interface

IP address

Switch A Switch B

Switch C

BFD

Switch

Vlan-int10

Vlan

-int

Vlan-int11

Vlan

-int

Vlan-

int13

Vlan-int10

121.

120.1.1.0/24

Configure a static route to subnet 120.1.1.0/24 on Switch A. Configure a static route to subnet 121.1.1.0/ 24 on S wit c h B. Enable BFD for both routes. Configure a static route to subnet 120.1.1.0/24 and a static route to subnet 121.1.1.0/24 on

Switch C.

When the link between Switch A and Switch B throu gh the Layer 2 switch fails, B FD c an det ec t th e failure immediately. Switch A then communicates with Switch B through Switch C.

Figure 3 Network diagram

Table 4 Interface and IP address assignment

Switch A VLAN-interface 10 12.1.1.1/24 Switch A VLAN-interface 11 10.1.1.102/24 Switch B VLAN-interface 10 12.1.1.2/24 Switch B VLAN-interface 13 13.1.1.1/24 Switch C VLAN-interface 11 10.1.1.100/24 Switch C VLAN-interface 13 13.1.1.2/24

Configuration procedure

1. Configure IP addresses for the interfaces. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure static routes and BFD:

# Configure static routes on Switch A and enable BFD control mode for the static route that traverses the Layer 2 switch.

<SwitchA> system-view [SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 10 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 500 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 500 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 9 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] quit [SwitchA] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 10 12.1.1.2 bfd control-packet [SwitchA] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 11 10.1.1.100 preference 65 [SwitchA] quit

# Configure static routes on Switch B and enable BFD control mode for the static route that traverses the Layer 2 switch.

<SwitchB> sy stem-view [SwitchB] interface vlan-interface 10

[SwitchB-vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 500 [SwitchB-vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 500 [SwitchB-vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 9 [SwitchB-vlan-interface10] quit [SwitchB] ip route-static 121.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 10 12.1.1.1 bfd control-packet [SwitchB] ip route-static 121.1.1. 0 24 vlan-interface 13 13.1.1.2 preference 65 [SwitchB] qu it

# Configure static routes on Switch C.

<SwitchC> sy stem-view [SwitchC] ip rout e-static 120.1.1.0 24 13.1.1.1 [SwitchC] ip rout e-static 121.1.1.0 24 10.1.1.102

Verifying the configuration

# Display BFD sessions on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display bfd session

Total Session Nu m: 1 Up Session Num: 1 Init Mode: Ac tive

IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

LD/RD SourceAddr DestAddr State Holdtime Interface 4/7 12.1.1.1 12.1.1.2 Up 2000ms Vlan10

The output shows that the BFD session has been created. # Display the static routes on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Count : 1

Static Routing table Status : <Ac ti ve> Summary Coun t : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

120.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 12. 1.1.2 Vlan10

Static Routing ta ble Status : <Inac tive> Summary Count : 0

The output shows that Swit ch A communicates with Sw itch B thr ough VLAN-interface 10. Then the link over VLAN-interface 10 fails.

# Display static routes on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 1

Static Routing table Status : <Ac ti ve> Summary Coun t : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

120.1.1.0/24 Static 65 0 10. 1.1.100 Vlan11

•

Device

Interface

IP address

Switch A Switch B

Switch C

BFD

Vlan-int10

Vlan

int

Vlan-int11 Vlan-int13

Vlan-

int

Vlan-int10

121.1.1.0/24

120.1.1.0/24

Switch D

Vlan-int12

Loop1

1.1.1.9/32

Loop1

2.2.2.9/32

Static Routing ta ble Status : <Inac tive> Summary Coun t : 0

The output shows that Switch A communicates with Switch B through VLAN-interface 11.

BFD for static routes configuration ex am ple (indirect next hop)

Network requirements

Figure 4 shows the network topology as follows:

Switch A has a route to interface Loopback 1 (2.2.2.9/32) on Switch B, with the output interface

VLAN-interface 10.

Switch B has a route to interface Loopback 1 (1.1.1.9/32) on Switch A, with the output interface

VLAN-interface 12.

Switch D has a route to 1.1.1.9/32, with the output interface VLAN-interface 10, and a route to

2.2.2.9/32, with the output interfac e VLAN-interface 12.

Configure the following:

Configure a static route to subnet 120.1.1.0/24 on Switch A. Configure a static route to subnet 121.1.1.0/24 on Switch B. Enable BFD for both routes. Configure a static route to subnet 120.1.1.0/24 and a static route to subnet 121.1.1.0/24 on both

Switch C and Switch D.

When the link between Switch A and Switch B through Switch D fails, BFD can detect the failure immediately. Switch A then communicates with Switch B through Switch C.

Figure 4 Network diagram

Table 5 Interface and IP address assignment

Switch A VLAN-interface 10 12.1.1.1/24 Switch A VLAN-interface 11 10.1.1.102/24 Switch A Loopback 1 1.1.1.9/32 Switch B VLAN-interface 12 11.1.1.1/24 Switch B VLAN-interface 13 13.1.1.1/24 Switch B Loopback 1 2.2.2.9/32

+ 522 hidden pages

HP FlexFabric 12900E Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Configuring basic IP routing

Routing table

Dynamic routing protocols

Route preference

Load sharing

Route backup

Route recursion

Route redistribution

Extension attribute redistribution

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB

Configuring RIB NSR

Configuring IP v4 RIB NSR

Configuring IP v6 RIB NSR

Configuring inter-protocol FRR

Configuring IP v4 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

Configuring IP v6 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

Enabling the IPv4 enhanced ECMP mode

Displaying and maintaining a routing table

Configuring static routing

Configuring a static route

Configuring BFD for static routes

Bidirectional c ontrol mode

Single-hop echo mode

Configuring static route FRR

Configuration guidelines

Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop

Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop

Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR

Displaying and maintaining static routes

Static route configuration examples

Basic static route configuration example

BFD for static routes configuration ex am ple (direct next hop)

BFD for static routes configuration ex am ple (indirect next hop)