HP E 7500 Configuration Manual

HPE FlexNetwork 7500 Switch Series

Layer 3—IP Routing Configuratio n Guid e

Part number: 5200 Software Document version: 6W101-20171020

version: 7500-CMW710-R7557P01

-1940a

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Acknowledgments

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Configuring basic IP routing ··········································································· 1

Routing table ······················································································································································ 1 Dynamic routing protocols·································································································································· 2 Route preference ··············································································································································· 2 Load sharing ······················································································································································ 3 Route backup ····················································································································································· 3 Route recursion ·················································································································································· 3 Route redistribution ············································································································································ 3 Extension attribute redistribution ························································································································ 3 Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB··········································································· 4 Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB ···························································································· 4 Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB ········································································· 5 Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ·································································································· 5 Configuring RIB NSR ········································································································································· 6

Configuring IPv4 RIB NSR ························································································································· 6 Configuring IPv6 RIB NSR ························································································································· 6

Configuring inter-protocol FRR ·························································································································· 6

Configuring IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR ··································································································· 7

Configuring IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR ··································································································· 7 Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup ···························································································· 7 Displaying and maintaining a routing table ········································································································ 8

Configuring static routing ············································································· 10

Configuring a static route ································································································································· 10 Configuring BFD for static routes ····················································································································· 11

Bidirectional control mode ························································································································ 11

Single-hop echo mode ····························································································································· 12 Configuring static route FRR ···························································································································· 13

Configuration guidelines ··························································································································· 13

Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop································································ 13

Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop ················································· 14

Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR ············································································ 14 Displaying and maintaining static routes ·········································································································· 14 Static route configuration examples ················································································································· 15

Basic static route configuration example ·································································································· 15

BFD for static routes configuration example (direct next hop) ································································· 16

BFD for static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ······························································ 19

Static route FRR configuration example ·································································································· 21

Configuring a default route ··········································································· 24 Configuring RIP ··························································································· 25

RIP route entries ······································································································································ 25

Routing loop prevention ··························································································································· 25

RIP operation ··········································································································································· 25

RIP versions ············································································································································· 26

Protocols and standards ·························································································································· 26 RIP configuration task list································································································································· 26 Configuring basic RIP ······································································································································ 27

Enabling RIP ············································································································································ 27

Controlling RIP reception and advertisement on interfaces ····································································· 28

Configuring a RIP version ························································································································ 29 Configuring RIP route control ··························································································································· 29

Configuring an additional routing metric ··································································································· 29

Configuring RIPv2 route summarization ·································································································· 30

Disabling host route reception ·················································································································· 31

Advertising a default route ······················································································································· 31

Configuring received/redistributed route filtering······················································································ 32

Setting a preference for RIP ····················································································································· 32

Configuring RIP route redistribution ········································································································· 32 Tuning and optimizing RIP networks ··············································································································· 33

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 33

Setting RIP timers ···································································································································· 33

Enabling split horizon and poison reverse ······························································································· 34

Setting the maximum number of RIP ECMP routes ················································································· 34

Enabling zero field check on incoming RIPv1 messages ········································································· 35

Enabling source IP address check on incoming RIP updates·································································· 35

Configuring RIPv2 message authentication ····························································································· 35

Setting the RIP triggered update interval ································································································· 36

Specifying a RIP neighbor ························································································································ 36

Configuring RIP network management ···································································································· 37

Configuring the RIP packet sending rate ································································································· 37

Setting the maximum length of RIP packets ···························································································· 38

Setting the DSCP value for outgoing RIP packets ··················································································· 38 Configuring RIP GR ········································································································································· 38 Enabling RIP NSR············································································································································ 39 Configuring BFD for RIP ·································································································································· 39

Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a directly connected RIP neighbor) ······································ 40

Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a specific destination) ··························································· 40

Configuring bidirectional control detection ······························································································· 41 Configuring RIP FRR ······································································································································· 41

Configuration restrictions and guidelines ································································································· 41

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 42

Configuring RIP FRR ······························································································································· 42

Enabling BFD for RIP FRR ······················································································································ 42 Displaying and maintaining RIP ······················································································································· 42 RIP configuration examples ····························································································································· 43

Configuring basic RIP ······························································································································ 43

Configuring RIP route redistribution ········································································································· 46

Configuring an additional metric for a RIP interface················································································· 48

Configuring RIP to advertise a summary route ························································································ 49

Configuring RIP GR ································································································································· 52

Configuring RIP NSR ······························································································································· 52

Configuring BFD for RIP (single-hop echo detection for a directly connected neighbor) ························· 54

Configuring BFD for RIP (single hop echo detection for a specific destination) ······································· 57

Configuring BFD for RIP (bidirectional detection in BFD control packet mode) ······································· 59

Configuring RIP FRR ······························································································································· 62

Configuring OSPF························································································ 65

OSPF packets ·········································································································································· 65

LSA types ················································································································································· 65

OSPF areas ············································································································································· 66

Router types ············································································································································· 68

Route types ·············································································································································· 69

Route calculation ······································································································································ 69

OSPF network types ································································································································ 70

DR and BDR ············································································································································ 70

Protocols and standards ·························································································································· 71 OSPF configuration task list ····························································································································· 71 Enabling OSPF ················································································································································ 73

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 73

Configuration guidelines ··························································································································· 73

Enabling OSPF on a network ··················································································································· 74

Enabling OSPF on an interface················································································································ 74 Configuring OSPF areas ·································································································································· 75

Configuring a stub area ···························································································································· 75

Configuring an NSSA area ······················································································································· 76

Configuring a virtual link ··························································································································· 76 Configuring OSPF network types ····················································································································· 77

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 77

Configuring the broadcast network type for an interface·········································································· 77

Configuring the NBMA network type for an interface ··············································································· 77

Configuring the P2MP network type for an interface················································································ 78

Configuring the P2P network type for an interface··················································································· 79 Configuring OSPF route control ······················································································································· 79

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 79

Configuring OSPF route summarization ·································································································· 79

Configuring received OSPF route filtering ································································································ 80

Configuring Type-3 LSA filtering ·············································································································· 80

Setting an OSPF cost for an interface······································································································ 81

Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ························································································ 82

Setting OSPF preference ························································································································· 82

Configuring discard routes for summary networks ··················································································· 82

Configuring OSPF route redistribution ····································································································· 83

Advertising a host route ··························································································································· 84

Excluding interfaces in an OSPF area from the base topology································································ 84 Tuning and optimizing OSPF networks ············································································································ 84

Configuration prerequisites ······················································································································ 84

Setting OSPF timers ································································································································ 85

Setting LSA transmission delay ··············································································································· 86

Setting SPF calculation interval ··············································································································· 86

Setting the LSA arrival interval ················································································································· 86

Setting the LSA generation interval·········································································································· 87

Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPF packets ····························································· 87

Configuring stub routers ··························································································································· 88

Configuring OSPF authentication············································································································· 88

Adding the interface MTU into DD packets ······························································································ 89

Setting a DSCP value for OSPF packets ································································································· 90

Setting the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB········································································· 90

Setting OSPF exit overflow interval·········································································································· 90

Enabling compatibility with RFC 1583······································································································ 90

Logging neighbor state changes ·············································································································· 91

Configuring OSPF network management ································································································ 91

Setting the LSU transmit rate ··················································································································· 92

Enabling OSPF ISPF ······························································································································· 93

Configuring prefix suppression ················································································································· 93

Configuring prefix prioritization ················································································································· 94

Configuring OSPF PIC ····························································································································· 94

Setting the number of OSPF logs ············································································································ 95

Filtering outbound LSAs on an interface ·································································································· 96

Filtering LSAs for the specified neighbor ································································································· 96

Configuring GTSM for OSPF ··················································································································· 96 Configuring OSPF GR······································································································································ 97

Configuring OSPF GR restarter ··············································································································· 97

Configuring OSPF GR helper ··················································································································· 98

Triggering OSPF GR ································································································································ 99 Configuring OSPF NSR ··································································································································· 99 Configuring BFD for OSPF····························································································································· 100

Configuring bidirectional control detection ····························································································· 100

Configuring single-hop echo detection ··································································································· 100 Configuring OSPF FRR·································································································································· 101

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 101

Configuration guidelines ························································································································· 101

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 101 Advertising OSPF link state information to BGP ···························································································· 103 Displaying and maintaining OSPF ················································································································· 103 OSPF configuration examples ······················································································································· 104

Basic OSPF configuration example ······································································································· 104

OSPF route redistribution configuration example ·················································································· 107

iii

OSPF route summarization configuration example ················································································ 109

OSPF stub area configuration example ································································································· 112

OSPF NSSA area configuration example ······························································································ 114

OSPF DR election configuration example ······························································································ 116

OSPF virtual link configuration example ································································································ 121

OSPF GR configuration example ··········································································································· 123

OSPF NSR configuration example········································································································· 125

BFD for OSPF configuration example ···································································································· 127

OSPF FRR configuration example ········································································································· 130 Troubleshooting OSPF configuration ············································································································· 133

No OSPF neighbor relationship established ·························································································· 133

Incorrect routing information ·················································································································· 133

Configuring IS-IS ······················································································· 135

Terminology ··········································································································································· 135

IS-IS address format ······························································································································ 135

NET ························································································································································ 136

IS-IS area ··············································································································································· 137

IS-IS network types ································································································································ 138

IS-IS PDUs ············································································································································· 139

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 141 IS-IS configuration task list····························································································································· 141 Configuring basic IS-IS ·································································································································· 142

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 142

Enabling IS-IS ········································································································································ 143

Setting the IS level and circuit level ······································································································· 143

Configuring P2P network type for an interface ······················································································· 143 Configuring IS-IS route control ······················································································································· 144

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 144

Configuring IS-IS link cost ······················································································································ 144

Specifying a preference for IS-IS ··········································································································· 145

Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes ··············································································· 146

Configuring IS-IS route summarization ·································································································· 146

Advertising a default route ····················································································································· 147

Configuring IS-IS route redistribution ····································································································· 147

Configuring IS-IS route filtering ·············································································································· 148

Configuring IS-IS route leaking ·············································································································· 149

Advertising IS-IS link state information to BGP ······················································································ 149 Tuning and optimizing IS-IS networks ··········································································································· 150

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 150

Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS hello packets ·········································································· 150

Specifying the IS-IS hello multiplier········································································································ 150

Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS CSNP packets ········································································ 151

Configuring a DIS priority for an interface ······························································································ 151

Disabling an interface from sending/receiving IS-IS packets ································································· 151

Enabling an interface to send small hello packets ················································································· 152

Configuring LSP parameters ·················································································································· 152

Controlling SPF calculation interval ······································································································· 155

Configuring convergence priorities for specific routes ··········································································· 156

Setting the LSDB overload bit ················································································································ 156

Configuring the ATT bit ·························································································································· 157

Configuring the tag value for an interface ······························································································ 157

Configuring system ID to host name mappings ····················································································· 158

Enabling the logging of neighbor state changes ···················································································· 159

Enabling IS-IS ISPF ······························································································································· 159

Enabling prefix suppression ··················································································································· 159

Configuring IS-IS network management ································································································ 160

Configuring IS-IS PIC ····························································································································· 160 Enhancing IS-IS network security ·················································································································· 161

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 162

Configuring neighbor relationship authentication ··················································································· 162

Configuring area authentication ············································································································· 162

Configuring routing domain authentication····························································································· 163 Configuring IS-IS GR ····································································································································· 163 Configuring IS-IS NSR ··································································································································· 164 Configuring BFD for IS-IS ······························································································································ 165 Configuring IS-IS FRR ··································································································································· 165

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 166

Configuration guidelines ························································································································· 166

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 166 Displaying and maintaining IS-IS ··················································································································· 168 IS-IS configuration examples ························································································································· 169

Basic IS-IS configuration example ········································································································· 169

DIS election configuration example········································································································ 173

IS-IS route redistribution configuration example ···················································································· 177

IS-IS authentication configuration example···························································································· 181

IS-IS GR configuration example············································································································· 184

IS-IS NSR configuration example ·········································································································· 185

BFD for IS-IS configuration example ······································································································ 188

IS-IS FRR configuration example··········································································································· 191

Configuring BGP ························································································ 195

BGP speaker and BGP peer ·················································································································· 195

BGP message types ······························································································································ 195

BGP path attributes ································································································································ 195

BGP route selection ······························································································································· 199

BGP route advertisement rules ·············································································································· 199

BGP load balancing ······························································································································· 200

Settlements for problems in large-scale BGP networks ········································································· 201

MP-BGP ················································································································································· 204

BGP multi-instance ································································································································ 205

BGP configuration views ························································································································ 205

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 207 BGP configuration task list ····························································································································· 208 Configuring basic BGP ··································································································································· 211

Enabling BGP ········································································································································· 212

Configuring a BGP peer ························································································································· 213

Configuring dynamic BGP peers ············································································································ 214

Configuring a BGP peer group ··············································································································· 217

Specifying the source address of TCP connections ··············································································· 227 Generating BGP routes ·································································································································· 228

Injecting a local network ························································································································· 228

Redistributing IGP routes ······················································································································· 230 Controlling route distribution and reception ··································································································· 232

Configuring BGP route summarization ··································································································· 232

Advertising optimal routes in the IP routing table ··················································································· 235

Advertising a default route to a peer or peer group················································································ 236

Configuring BGP to first send updates of the default route ···································································· 238

Limiting routes received from a peer or peer group ··············································································· 239

Configuring BGP route filtering policies ································································································· 241

Setting the BGP route sending rate ······································································································· 247

Configuring BGP route update delay ····································································································· 248

Configuring a startup policy for BGP route updates ··············································································· 248

Configuring BGP route dampening ········································································································ 249 Controlling BGP path selection ······················································································································ 251

Setting a preferred value for routes received ························································································· 251

Configuring preferences for BGP routes ································································································ 252

Configuring the default local preference ································································································ 254

Configuring the MED attribute ················································································································ 256

Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute ···································································································· 260

Configuring the AS_PATH attribute ······································································································· 263

Ignoring IGP metrics during optimal route selection ·············································································· 269

Configuring the SoO attribute ················································································································· 270 Tuning and optimizing BGP networks ············································································································ 271

Configuring the keepalive interval and hold time ··················································································· 271

Setting the session retry timer ················································································································ 273

Configuring the interval for sending updates for the same route ··························································· 274

Enabling BGP to establish an EBGP session over multiple hops ·························································· 275

Enabling immediate re-establishment of direct EBGP connections upon link failure ····························· 276

Enabling BGP ORF capabilities ············································································································· 276

Enabling 4-byte AS number suppression ······························································································· 278

Enabling MD5 authentication for BGP peers ························································································· 279

Enabling keychain authentication for BGP peers ··················································································· 280

Configuring BGP load balancing ············································································································ 281

Disabling BGP to establish a session to a peer or peer group ······························································· 282

Configuring GTSM for BGP ···················································································································· 283

Configuring BGP soft-reset ···················································································································· 284

Protecting an EBGP peer when memory usage reaches level 2 threshold ··········································· 290

Configuring an update delay for local MPLS labels ··············································································· 291

Flushing the suboptimal BGP route to the RIB ······················································································ 291

Setting a DSCP value for outgoing BGP packets ·················································································· 292

Disabling route recursion policy control for routes received from a peer or peer group ························· 292

Enabling per-prefix label allocation ········································································································ 293

Disabling optimal route selection for labeled routes without tunnel information ····································· 293 Configuring a large-scale BGP network ········································································································· 293

Configuring BGP community ·················································································································· 294

Configuring BGP route reflection ··········································································································· 296

Configuring a BGP confederation ·········································································································· 299 Configuring BGP GR ······································································································································ 300 Configuring BGP NSR···································································································································· 301 Enabling SNMP notifications for BGP ············································································································ 302 Enabling logging for session state changes ··································································································· 302 Enabling logging for BGP route flapping ········································································································ 303 Configuring BFD for BGP ······························································································································· 304 Configuring BGP FRR ···································································································································· 305 Configuring 6PE ············································································································································· 308

Configuring basic 6PE ···························································································································· 308

Configuring optional 6PE capabilities····································································································· 309 Configuring BGP LS ······································································································································· 311

Configuring basic BGP LS ····················································································································· 311

Configuring BGP LS route reflection ······································································································ 311

Specifying an AS number and a router ID for BGP LS messages ························································· 312 Configuring BMP ············································································································································ 312 Displaying and maintaining BGP···················································································································· 313

Displaying BGP ······································································································································ 313

Resetting BGP sessions ························································································································ 317

Clearing BGP information ······················································································································ 317 IPv4 BGP configuration examples ················································································································· 318

Basic BGP configuration example·········································································································· 318

BGP and IGP route redistribution configuration example ······································································ 322

BGP route summarization configuration example ·················································································· 325

BGP load balancing configuration example ··························································································· 328

BGP community configuration example ································································································· 331

BGP route reflector configuration example ···························································································· 334

BGP confederation configuration example····························································································· 336

BGP path selection configuration example ···························································································· 340

BGP GR configuration example ············································································································· 343

BFD for BGP configuration example ······································································································ 345

BGP FRR configuration example ··········································································································· 348

Multicast BGP configuration example ···································································································· 352

Dynamic BGP peer configuration example ···························································································· 356

BGP LS configuration example ·············································································································· 358 IPv6 BGP configuration examples ················································································································· 360

IPv6 BGP basic configuration example ·································································································· 360

IPv6 BGP route reflector configuration example ···················································································· 363

6PE configuration example ···················································································································· 366

BFD for IPv6 BGP configuration example ······························································································ 369

IPv6 BGP FRR configuration example ··································································································· 372

IPv6 multicast BGP configuration example ···························································································· 376 Troubleshooting BGP ····································································································································· 379

Symptom ················································································································································ 379

Analysis ·················································································································································· 379

Solution ·················································································································································· 379

Configuring PBR ························································································ 380

Policy ······················································································································································ 380

PBR and Track ······································································································································· 381 PBR configuration task list ····························································································································· 382 Configuring a policy········································································································································ 382

Creating a node ······································································································································ 382

Setting match criteria for a node ············································································································ 382

Configuring actions for a node ··············································································································· 383 Configuring PBR ············································································································································ 383

Configuring local PBR ···························································································································· 383

Configuring interface PBR ······················································································································ 384 Displaying and maintaining PBR ···················································································································· 384 PBR configuration examples ·························································································································· 385

Packet type-based local PBR configuration example ············································································ 385

Packet type-based interface PBR configuration example ······································································ 386

EVPN-based service chain PBR configuration example ········································································ 388

Configuring IPv6 static routing ··································································· 395

Configuring an IPv6 static route ····················································································································· 395 Configuring BFD for IPv6 static routes ··········································································································· 395

Bidirectional control mode ······················································································································ 396

Single-hop echo mode ··························································································································· 396 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 static routes································································································ 397 IPv6 static routing configuration examples ···································································································· 397

Basic IPv6 static route configuration example ······················································································· 397

BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (direct next hop) ······················································· 399

BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ···················································· 402

Configuring an IPv6 default route······························································· 405 Configuring RIPng ····················································································· 406

RIPng route entries ································································································································ 406

RIPng packets ········································································································································ 406

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 407 RIPng configuration task list··························································································································· 407 Configuring basic RIPng ································································································································ 407 Configuring RIPng route control ····················································································································· 408

Configuring an additional routing metric ································································································· 408

Configuring RIPng route summarization ································································································ 408

Advertising a default route ····················································································································· 409

Configuring received/redistributed route filtering···················································································· 409

Setting a preference for RIPng ··············································································································· 409

Configuring RIPng route redistribution ··································································································· 410 Tuning and optimizing the RIPng network ····································································································· 410

Setting RIPng timers ······························································································································ 410

Configuring split horizon and poison reverse ························································································· 411

Configuring zero field check on RIPng packets ····················································································· 411

Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ······················································································ 412

Configuring the RIPng packet sending rate ··························································································· 412

Setting the interval for sending triggered updates ·················································································· 413

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Configuring RIPng GR ··································································································································· 413 Configuring RIPng NSR ································································································································· 414 Configuring RIPng FRR ································································································································· 414

Configuration restrictions and guidelines ······························································································· 415

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 415

Configuring RIPng FRR ························································································································· 415

Enabling BFD for RIPng FRR ················································································································ 415 Displaying and maintaining RIPng ················································································································· 416 RIPng configuration examples ······················································································································· 416

Basic RIPng configuration example ······································································································· 416

RIPng route redistribution configuration example ·················································································· 419

RIPng GR configuration example··········································································································· 421

RIPng NSR configuration example ········································································································ 422

Configuring RIPng FRR ························································································································· 424

Configuring OSPFv3 ·················································································· 427

OSPFv3 packets ···································································································································· 427

OSPFv3 LSA types ································································································································ 427

Protocols and standards ························································································································ 428 OSPFv3 configuration task list ······················································································································· 428 Enabling OSPFv3··········································································································································· 429 Configuring OSPFv3 area parameters ··········································································································· 430

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 430

Configuring a stub area ·························································································································· 430

Configuring an NSSA area ····················································································································· 430

Configuring an OSPFv3 virtual link ········································································································ 431 Configuring OSPFv3 network types ··············································································································· 431

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 432

Configuring the OSPFv3 network type for an interface ·········································································· 432

Configuring an NBMA or P2MP neighbor ······························································································ 432 Configuring OSPFv3 route control ················································································································· 432

Configuring OSPFv3 route summarization ····························································································· 433

Configuring OSPFv3 received route filtering ·························································································· 433

Configuring Inter-Area-Prefix LSA filtering ····························································································· 434

Setting an OSPFv3 cost for an interface ································································································ 434

Setting the maximum number of OSPFv3 ECMP routes ······································································· 435

Setting a preference for OSPFv3 ··········································································································· 435

Configuring OSPFv3 route redistribution ······························································································· 435 Tuning and optimizing OSPFv3 networks ······································································································ 437

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 437

Setting OSPFv3 timers ··························································································································· 437

Setting LSA transmission delay ············································································································· 437

Setting SPF calculation interval ············································································································· 438

Setting the LSA generation interval········································································································ 438

Setting a DR priority for an interface ······································································································ 439

Ignoring MTU check for DD packets ······································································································ 439

Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPFv3 packets ························································ 439

Enabling logging for neighbor state changes ························································································· 440

Configuring OSPFv3 network management··························································································· 440

Setting the LSU transmit rate ················································································································· 441

Configuring stub routers ························································································································· 441

Configuring prefix suppression ··············································································································· 442

Configuring OSPFv3 authentication ······································································································· 443 Configuring OSPFv3 GR ································································································································ 444

Configuring GR restarter ························································································································ 444

Configuring GR helper ··························································································································· 444

Triggering OSPFv3 GR ·························································································································· 445 Configuring OSPFv3 NSR······························································································································ 445 Configuring BFD for OSPFv3 ························································································································· 445 Configuring OSPFv3 FRR ······························································································································ 446

viii

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 446

Configuration guidelines ························································································································· 447

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 447 Displaying and maintaining OSPFv3·············································································································· 448 OSPFv3 configuration examples···················································································································· 449

OSPFv3 stub area configuration example ····························································································· 449

OSPFv3 NSSA area configuration example ·························································································· 454

OSPFv3 DR election configuration example ·························································································· 456

OSPFv3 route redistribution configuration example··············································································· 459

OSPFv3 route summarization configuration example ············································································ 462

OSPFv3 GR configuration example ······································································································· 466

OSPFv3 NSR configuration example ····································································································· 467

BFD for OSPFv3 configuration example ································································································ 468

OSPFv3 FRR configuration example ····································································································· 470

Configuring IPv6 IS-IS ··············································································· 473

Overview ························································································································································ 473 Configuring basic IPv6 IS-IS ·························································································································· 473 Configuring IPv6 IS-IS route control ·············································································································· 474

Configuring IPv6 IS-IS link cost·············································································································· 475 Tuning and optimizing IPv6 IS-IS networks ··································································································· 476

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 476

Assigning a convergence priority to IPv6 IS-IS routes ··········································································· 476

Setting the LSDB overload bit ················································································································ 477

Configuring a tag value on an interface ································································································· 477

Controlling SPF calculation interval ······································································································· 478

Enabling IPv6 IS-IS ISPF ······················································································································· 478

Enabling prefix suppression ··················································································································· 478 Configuring BFD for IPv6 IS-IS ······················································································································ 479 Configuring IPv6 IS-IS FRR ··························································································································· 479

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 480

Configuration procedure ························································································································· 480 Enabling IPv6 IS-IS MTR ······························································································································· 482 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 IS-IS ··········································································································· 483 IPv6 IS-IS configuration examples ················································································································· 483

IPv6 IS-IS basic configuration example ································································································· 483

BFD for IPv6 IS-IS configuration example ····························································································· 487

IPv6 IS-IS FRR configuration example ·································································································· 490

Configuring IPv6 PBR ················································································ 494

PBR and Track ······································································································································· 495 IPv6 PBR configuration task list ····················································································································· 495 Configuring an IPv6 policy ····························································································································· 496

Creating an IPv6 node ··························································································································· 496

Setting match criteria for an IPv6 node ·································································································· 496

Configuring actions for an IPv6 node ····································································································· 496 Configuring IPv6 PBR ···································································································································· 497

Configuring IPv6 local PBR ···················································································································· 497

Configuring IPv6 interface PBR ············································································································· 497 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PBR············································································································ 497 IPv6 PBR configuration examples·················································································································· 498

Packet type-based IPv6 local PBR configuration example ···································································· 498

Packet type-based IPv6 interface PBR configuration example ······························································ 499

Configuring routing policies ········································································ 502

Filters ····················································································································································· 502

Routing policy ········································································································································· 503 Configuring filters ··········································································································································· 503

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 503

Configuring an IP prefix list ···················································································································· 503

Configuring an AS path list ····················································································································· 504

Configuring a community list ·················································································································· 504

Configuring an extended community list ································································································ 505

Configuring a MAC list ··························································································································· 505 Configuring a routing policy···························································································································· 505

Configuration prerequisites ···················································································································· 505

Creating a routing policy ························································································································ 505

Configuring if-match clauses ·················································································································· 506

Configuring apply clauses ······················································································································ 507

Configuring the continue clause ············································································································· 509 Displaying and maintaining the routing policy ································································································ 509 Routing policy configuration examples ·········································································································· 510

Routing policy configuration example for IPv4 route redistribution ························································ 510

Routing policy configuration example for IPv6 route redistribution ························································ 513

Configuring DCN ······················································································· 515

Basic concepts ······································································································································· 515

Basic features ········································································································································ 515 DCN configuration task list ····························································································································· 515 Enabling DCN ················································································································································ 516 Configuring the NE ID and NE IP ··················································································································· 516 Configuring DCN VPN···································································································································· 516 Enabling the automatic report feature ············································································································ 517 Configuring the source MAC address of LLDP frames ·················································································· 517 Advertising the LLDP management address ································································································· 518 Enabling the system to issue the generated ARP entry to a Layer 3 Ethernet subinterface after a port receives an LLDP frame ··············································································································································· 518 DCN configuration examples ························································································································· 519

Document conventions and icons ······························································ 525

Conventions ··················································································································································· 525 Network topology icons ·································································································································· 526

Support and other resources ····································································· 527

Accessing Hewlett Packard Enterprise Support····························································································· 527 Accessing updates ········································································································································· 527

Websites ················································································································································ 528

Customer self repair ······························································································································· 528

Remote support ······································································································································ 528

Documentation feedback ······················································································································· 528

Index ·········································································································· 530

Configuring basic IP routing

Criterion

Routing table

A RIB contains the global routing information and related information, including route recursion, route redistribution, and ro ute extension information. The r outer selects optimal routes from the routing table and puts them into the FIB table. It uses the FIB table to forward packets. For more information about the FIB table, see Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.

Table 1 categorizes routes by different criteria.

Table 1 Route categories

• Network route—

Destination

bits.

• Host route—The destination is a host. The subnet mask is 32 bits.

Whether the destination is directly connected

Origin

• Direct route—The destination is directly connected.

• Indirect route—The destination is indirectly connected.

• Direct route—A direct route is discovered by the data link protocol on an

interface, and is also called an interface route.

• Static route—A static route is manually configured by an administrator.

• Dynamic route—A dy nami c route is dynamically discovered by a routing

protocol.

To view brief information about a routing table, use the display ip routing-table command.

<Sysname> display ip routing-table

Destinations : 9 Routes : 9

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 ...

A route entry includes the following key items:

Destination—IP address of the destination host or network. Mask—Mask length of the IP address. Proto—Protocol that installed the route. Pre—Preference of the route. Among routes to the same destination, the route with the highest

preference is optimal.

•

Criterion

Dynamic routing protocols

Static routes work well in small, stable networks. They are easy to configure and require fewer system resources. However, in networks where topology changes occur frequently, a typical practice is to configure a dynamic routing protocol. Compared with static routing, a dynamic routing protocol is complicated to configure, requires more router resources, and consumes more network resources.

Dynamic routing protocols dynamically collect and report reachability information to adapt to topology changes. They are suitable for large networks.

Dynamic routing protocols can be classified by different criteria, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Categories of dynamic routing protocols

Operation scope

Routing algorithm

Destination address type

IP version

• IGPs—Work within an AS. Examples include RIP, OSPF, and IS-IS.

• EGPs—Work between ASs. The most popular EGP is BGP.

• Distance-vector protocols—Examples include RIP and BGP. BGP is also

considered a path-vector protocol.

• Link-state protocols—Examples include OSPF and IS-IS.

• Unicast routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.

• Multicast routing protocols—Examples include PIM-SM and PIM-DM.

• IPv4 routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.

• IPv6 routing protocols—Examples include RIPng, OSPFv3, IPv6 BGP, and

IPv6 IS-IS.

An AS refers to a group of routers that use the same routing policy and work under the same administration.

Route preference

Routing protocols, includ in g stat ic and direc t r out ing, eac h b y defau lt have a preference. If they find multiple routes to the sam e destinat ion, the router s elect s the r oute with the hig hest pref erence as the optimal route.

The preference of a direct route is always 0 and cannot be changed. Y ou can configure a preference for each static route and each dynamic routing protocol. The following table lists the route types and default preferences. The smaller the value, the higher the preference.

Table 3 Route types and default route preferences

Direct route 0 Multicast static route 1 OSPF 10 IS-IS 15 Unicast static route 60

Route type

Preference

RIP 100 OSPF ASE 150 OSPF NSSA 150 IBGP 255 EBGP 255 Unknown (route from an unt r u sted source) 256

Load sharing

A routing protocol might find multiple optimal equal-cost routes to the same destination. You can use these routes to implement equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) load sharing.

Static routing, IPv6 static routing, RIP, RIPng, OSPF, OSPFv3, BGP , IPv6 BGP, IS-IS, and IPv6 IS-IS support ECMP load sharing.

Route backup

Route backup can im prove network availability. Among m ultiple rout es to the s ame destin ation, the route with the highest priority is the prim ary route and others are secondary routes.

The router forwards m atc hing packets through the prim ary route. W hen the primar y route fails, the route with the highest preference among the secondary routes is selected to forward packets. When the primary route recovers, the router uses it to forward packets.

Route recursion

To use a BGP, static, or RIP rout e t hat h as a n ind irec tl y co nnec t ed nex t ho p, a r o uter must perform route recursion to find the output interface to reach the next hop.

Link-state routing pro tocols, such as O SPF and IS-IS, do not need route rec ursion, because th ey obtain directly connected next hops through route calculation.

The RIB records and sa ves route recursion informati on, including brief information abo ut related routes, recursive paths, and recur sion dep th.

Route redistribution

Route redistribution enables routing protocols to learn routing information from each other. A dynamic routing pr otocol can redistribute routes from other routing protocols, including direct and static routing. For more inform ation, see the respective chapt ers on those routi ng protocols i n this configuration guide.

The RIB records redistribution relationships of routing protocols.

Extension attribute redistribution

Extension attribute redistribution enables routi ng protocols to learn route extension attri butes from each other, including BGP extended comm unity attributes , OSPF area IDs , rout e types, and r outer IDs.

The RIB records extended attributes of each routing protocol and redistribution relationships of

Step

Command

Remarks

rib

Step

Command

Remarks

Step

Command

Remarks

different routing protocol extended attributes.

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB

Perform this task to prevent rout es of a certain protocol from being aged out due to slo w protocol convergence resulting from a large number of route entries or long GR period.

The configuration takes effect at the next protocol or RIB process switchover. To set the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv4):

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

4. Set the maximum lifetime for IPv4 routes and labels in the RIB.

To set the maximum route lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv6):

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

4. Set the maximum lifetime for IPv6 routes and labels in the RIB.

system-view

address-family ipv4

protocol

instance-name ]

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

protocol

instance-name ]

protocol [

instance

lifetime

instance

lifetime

seconds

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv4

address family exists. By default, the maximum

lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB is 480 seconds.

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv6

address family exists. By default, the maximum

lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB is 480 seconds.

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB

When GR or NSR is disabled, FIB entries m ust be ret ained for s ome tim e after a protoco l proces s switchover or RIB proces s switcho ver. When GR or NSR is enab led, FIB entri es m ust be removed immediately after a pro toc o l or RIB process s witcho ver to avoid routin g is sues . Pe r f orm this task to meet such requirements.

To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv4):

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv4

address family exists.

Step

Command

Remarks

4. Set the maximum lifetime for

Step

Command

Remarks

Step

Command

Remarks

system-view

rib

Step

Command

Remarks

IPv4 routes in the FIB.

To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv6):

fib lifetime

seconds

By default, the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB is 600 seconds.

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

4. Set the maximum lifetime for IPv6 routes in the FIB.

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

fib lifetime

seconds

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv6

address family exists. By default, the maximum

lifetime for routes in the FIB is 600 seconds.

Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB

This feature is a va ilabl e on l y f or BGP routes in the curr ent s of t ware vers io n. You can configure th is feature when using sFlow to monitor BGP traffic. For more inform ation about BGP path attributes

—

and sFlow, see Layer 3 Configuration Guide.

To enable RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB:

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

4. Enable the RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB.

IP Routing Configuration Guide and Network Management and Monitoring

N/A N/A

address-family ipv4

flush route-attribute

protocol

By default, no RIB IPv4 address family exists.

By default, the RIB does not flush route attribute information to the FIB.

Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes

This configuration takes effect at reboot. Make sure the reboot does not impact your network. To set the maximum number of ECMP routes:

1. Enter system view.

2. Set the maximum number of

ECMP routes.

system-view

max-ecmp-num

number

N/A By default, the maximum

number of ECMP routes is not set.

Configuring RIB NSR

IMPORTANT:

Use this feature with protocol GR or NSR to avoid route timeouts and traffic interruption.

Step

Command

Remarks

Step

Command

Remarks

CAUTION:

This feature faulty route, which might cause loops.

When an active/standby switchover occurs, nonstop routing (NSR) backs up routing information from the active process to the standby process to a void routing flapping and ensure forwarding continuity.

RIB NSR provides faster route convergence than protocol NSR during an active/standby switchover.

Configuring IP v4 RIB NSR

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

4. Enable IPv4 RIB NSR.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

non-stop-routing

Configuring IP v6 RIB NSR

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv4

address family exists. By default, RIB NSR is

disabled.

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

4. Enable IPv6 RIB NSR.

system-view rib

address-family ipv6

non-stop-routing

Configuring inter-protocol FRR

Inter-protocol fast reroute (FRR) enables fast rerouting between routes of different protocols. A backup next hop is automatically selected to reduce the service interruption time caused by unreachable next hops. W hen the next hop of the prim ary link fails, the traffic is redirected to the backup next hop.

Among the routes to the same destination in the RIB, a router adds the route with the highest preference to the FIB tab le. For example, if a static route and an O SPF route in the RI B have the same destination, the router adds the OSPF ro ute to the FI B table by def ault. The next hop of the static route is selected as the backup next hop for the OSPF route. When the next hop of the OSPF route is unreachable, the backup next hop is used.

uses the next hop of a route from a different protocol as the backup next hop for the

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv6

address family exists. By default, RIB NSR is

disabled.

Configuring IP v4 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

Step

Command

Remarks

Step

Command

Remarks

rib

Step

Command

Remarks

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

4. Enable IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

inter-protocol fast-reroute

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance-name ]

Configuring IP v6 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv6 address

family and enter its view.

4. Enable IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR.

system-view

address-family ipv6

inter-protocol fast-reroute

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance-name ]

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv4

address family exists. By default, inter-protocol

FRR is disabled. If you do not specify a VPN

instance, inter-proto col FRR is enabled for the public network.

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv6

address family exists. By default, inter-protocol

FRR is disabled. If you do not specify a VPN

instance, inter-proto col FRR is enabled for the public network.

Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup

When a route changes, the routing protocol has to perform a route recursion if the next hop is indirectly connected. The routing protocol might select an incorrect path, which can cause traffic loss. To prevent this problem, you can use a routing polic y to verify the recur sive route. If the recursive route fails to m atch the routing policy, the routing protocol inval idates the rout e and marks it as unreachable.

For the device to use exact routes to forward the traffic, make sure all desired routes can match the routing policy.

To configure routing policy-based recursive lookup:

1. Enter system view.

2. Enter RIB view.

3. Create the RIB IPv4 address

family and enter its view.

system-view rib

address-family ipv4

N/A N/A By default, no RIB IPv4 address

family exists.

Step

Command

Remarks

4. Configure routing

Task

Command

verbose ]

policy-based recursive lookup.

protocol recursive-lookup route-policy

route-policy-name

protocol

nexthop

By default, routing policy-based recursive lookup is not configured.

Displaying and maintaining a routing table

Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.

Display routing table information.

Display information about routes permitted by an IPv4 basic ACL.

Display information about routes to a specific destination address.

Display information about routes to a range of destination addresses.

Display information about routes permitted by an IP prefix list.

Display information about routes installed by a protocol.

Display IPv4 route statistics.

Display brief IPv4 routing table information.

Display the maximum number of ECMP routes.

Display route attribute information in the RIB.

Display RIB GR state information.

display ip routing-table

verbose ]

[

display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance

ipv4-acl-number [

display ip routing-table

ip-address [ mask-length | mask ] [

display ip routing-table

ip-address1 to ip-address2 [

display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance prefix-list

display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance protocol

display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance statistics

display ip routing-table summary

display max-ecmp-num

display rib attribute

display rib graceful-restart

prefix-list-name [

protocol [

verbose ]

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance

[

vpn-instance

[

verbose ]

inactive

[ attribute-id ]

verbose ]

vpn-instance

[

longer-match

vpn-instance-name ]

verbose ]

] [

vpn-instance-name ]

acl

Display next hop information in the RIB.

Display next hop informatio n fo r direct routes.

Clear IPv4 route statistics.

Display IPv6 routing tab le information.

Display information about rout es to an IPv6 destination address.

Display information about routes permitted by an IPv6 basic ACL.

Display information about routes to a range of IPv6 destination addr esses.

Display information about routes permitted by an IPv6 prefix list.

display rib nib display rib nib protocol

display route-direct nib

reset ip routing-table statistics protocol [ vpn-instance

vpn-instance-name ] { protocol |

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance

verbose ]

[

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance

ipv6-address [ prefix-length ] [

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance acl

ipv6-acl-number [

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance

ipv6-address1 to ipv6-address2 [

display ipv6 routing-table prefix-list

self-originated

[

protocol [

[ nib-id ] [

verbose ]

prefix-list-name [

] [ nib-id ] [

verbose ]

all }

longer-match

vpn-instance

[

verbose ]

verbose

vpn-instance-name ]

] [

vpn-instance-name ]

]

verbose ]

Task

Command

Display information about rout es installed by an IPv6 protocol.

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance protocol

protocol [

inactive | verbose ]

vpn-instance-name ]

Display IPv6 route statistics.

Display brief IPv6 routing table information.

Display route attribute information in the IPv6 RIB.

Display IPv6 RIB GR state information.

Display next hop information in the IPv6 RIB.

Display next hop information for IPv6 direct routes.

Clear IPv6 route statistics.

display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance statistics

display ipv6 routing-table

vpn-instance

[

summary

display ipv6 rib attribute

[ attribute-id ]

display ipv6 rib graceful-restart

display ipv6 rib nib display ipv6 rib nib protocol

display ipv6 route-direct nib

self-originated

[

protocol [

[ nib-id ] [

] [ nib-id ] [

verbose ]

reset ipv6 routing-table statistics protocol

vpn-instance-name ] { protocol |

all }

vpn-instance-name ]

verbose

vpn-instance

[

]

•

Step

Command

Remarks

system-view

Configuring static routing

Static routes are m anuall y conf igured. If a net work 's topology is sim ple, you only nee d to co nfigure static routes for the network to work correctly.

Static routes cannot ada pt t o net wor k topology changes. If a fault or a topological change oc c urs in the network, the network administrator must modify the static routes manually.

Configuring a static route

Before you configure a static route, complete the following tasks:

Configure the physical parameters for related interfaces. Configure the link-layer attributes for related interfaces. Configure the IP addresses for related interfaces.

You can associate Track with a static route to m onitor the reachabil ity of the next hops. For m ore information about Track, see High Availability Configuration Guide.

To configure a static route:

1. Enter system view.

2. (Optional.) Create a

static route group and enter its view.

3. (Optional.) Add a static route prefix to the static route group.

4. (Optional.) Return to system view.

5. Configure a static route.

ip route-static-group

prefix

dest-address { mask-length | mask }

quit

• Method 1: ip route-static { dest-address { mask-length

| mask } | group group-name } { interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address ] | next-hop-address [ recursive-lookup host-route ] [ track

track-entry-number ] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address

[ recursive-lookup host-route ] [ track track-entry-number ] } [ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2: ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name { dest-address { mask-length | mask } | group group-name } { interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address ] | next-hop-address [ recursive-lookup host-route ] [ public ] [ track track-entry-number ] | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address [ recursive-lookup host-route ] [ track track-entry-number ] } [ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

group-name

N/A By default, no static route

group is configured.

By default, no static route prefix is added to the static route group.

N/A

By default, no static route is configured.

Step

Command

Remarks

IMPORTANT:

Enabling BFD for a flapping route could worsen the situation.

•

Step

Command

Remarks

6. (Optional.) Enable

periodic sending of ARP requests to the next hops of static routes.

7. (Optional.) Configure the default preference for static routes.

8. (Optional.) Delete all static routes, including the default route.

ip route-static arp-request interval

ip route-static default-preference

default-preference

delete [ vpn-instance static-routes all

vpn-instance-name ]

interval

Configuring BFD for static routes

BFD provides a general-purpose, standard, medium-, and protocol-independent fast failure detection mechanis m. It can uniformly and quickly detec t th e failures of the b id ire c tiona l f orwarding paths between two routers for protocols, such as routing protocols and MPLS.

By default, the device does not send ARP requests to the next hops of static routes.

The default setting is 60.

To delete one static route, use the

route-static

undo ip

command.

For more information about BFD, see High Availability Configuration Guide.

Bidirectional c ontrol mode

To use BFD bidirectional control detection between two devices, enable BFD control mode for each device's static route destined to the peer.

To configure a static route and enable BFD control mode, use one of the following methods:

Specify an output interface and a direct next hop. Specify an indirect next hop and a specific BFD packet source address for the static route.

To configure BFD control mode for a static route (direct next hop):

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure BFD

control mode for a static route.

To configure BFD control mode for a static route (indirect next hop):

system-view

• Method 1:

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number next-hop-address bfd control-packet

[ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2:

ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address

{ mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number next-hop-address bfd control-packet [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

N/A

By default, BFD control mode for a static route is not configured.

Step

Command

Remarks

IMPORTANT:

Do not use BFD for a static route with the output interface in spoofing state.

Step

Command

Remarks

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure BFD

control mode for a static route.

system-view

• Method 1:

• Method 2:

Single-hop echo mode

With BFD echo mode enabled for a static route, the output interface sends BFD echo packets to the destination device, which loops the packets back to test the link reachability.

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } { next-hop-address bfd control-packet bfd-source ip-address | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address bfd

control-packet bfd-source ip-address } [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address { mask-length | mask } { next-hop-address bfd control-packet bfd-source ip-address | vpn-instance d-vpn-instance-name next-hop-address bfd control-packet bfd-source ip-address } [ preference

preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

N/A

By default, BFD control mode for a static route is not configured.

To configure BFD echo mode for a static route:

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure the

source address of echo packets.

3. Configure BFD echo mode for a static route.

system-view

bfd echo-source-ip

• Method 1:

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number next-hop-address bfd echo-packet

[ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2: ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type

interface-number next-hop-address bfd echo-packet [ preference preference ] [ tag

tag-value ] [ description text ]

ip-address

N/A By default, the source

address of echo packets is not configured.

For more information a bout this command, see High

Availability Command Reference.

By default, BFD echo mode for a static route is not configured.

•

Step

Command

Remarks

tag

description

Router A

Router B Router E

Backup nexthop:

Router C

Nexthop:

Router D

Configuring static route FRR

A link or router failure on a path can cause packet loss and even routing loop. Static route fast reroute (FRR) enables fast rerouting to minimize the impact of link or node failures.

Figure 1 Network diagram

As shown in Figure 1, upon a link failure, packets are directed to the backup next hop to avoid traffic interruption. Y ou can either specify a backup next hop for FRR or enable FRR to automatically select a backup next hop (which must be configured in advance).

Configuration guidelines

Do not use static route FRR and BFD (for a static route) at the same time. Static route does not take effect when the backup output interface is unavailable. Equal-cost routes do not support static route FRR. The backup output interface and next hop must be different from the primary output interface

and next hop.

To change the backup output interface or next hop, you must first remove the current setting. Static route FRR is available only when the state of primary link (with Layer 3 interfaces staying

up) changes from bidirectional to unidirectional or down.

Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure static route

FRR.

system-view

• Method 1:

ip route-static dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address [ backup-interface interface-type

interface-number [ backup-nexthop backup-nexthop-address ] ] ]

[ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description text ]

• Method 2: ip route-static vpn-instance s-vpn-instance-name dest-address { mask-length | mask } interface-type interface-number [ next-hop-address [ backup-interface interface-type

interface-number [ backup-nexthop backup-nexthop-address ] ] ]

[ permanent ] [ preference preference ] [

tag-value ] [

N/A

By default, static route FRR is disabled.

text ]

Step

Command

Remarks

system-view

Step

Command

Remarks

Task

Command

Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure static route FRR to

automatically select a backup next hop.

ip route-static fast-reroute auto

N/A By default, static route FRR is

disabled from automatically selecting a backup next hop.

Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR

By default, static route F RR uses ARP to detec t primary link failures . Perform this task to enable static route FRR to use BFD echo packet mode for fast failure detection on the primary link.

To enable BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR:

1. Enter system view.

2. Configure the source IP

address of BFD echo packets.

system-view

bfd echo-source-ip

ip-address

N/A By default, the source IP address

of BFD echo packets is not configured.

The source IP address cannot be on the same network segment as any local interface's IP address.

For more information about this command, see High Availability Command Reference.

3. Enable BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR.

ip route-static primary-path-detect bfd echo

By default, BFD echo mode for static route FRR is disabled.

Displaying and maintaining static routes

Execute display commands in any view.

Display static route information. Display static route next hop

information. Display static routing table

information.

display ip routing-table protocol static

display route-static nib

display route-static routing-table

vpn-instance-name ] [ ip-address { mask-length | mask } ]

[ nib-id ] [

verbose ]

[

inactive

[

vpn-instance

verbose ]

Vlan-int100

1.1.6.1/24

Host B

1.1.6.2/24

Vlan-int500

1.1.4.2/30

Vlan-int600

1.1.5.5/30

Vlan-int500

1.1.4.1/30

Vlan-int600

1.1.5.6/30

Vlan-int900

1.1.3.1/24

Vlan-int300

1.1.2.3/24

Host A

1.1.2.2/24

Host C

1.1.3.2/24

Switch B

Switch A

Switch C

Static route configuration examples

Basic static route configuration example

Network requirements

As shown in Figure 2, c onf i gure s tat ic routes on th e switches for interc onnections between an y t wo hosts.

Figure 2 Network diagram

Configuration procedure

1. Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure static routes:

# Configure a default route on Switch A.

<SwitchA> system-view [SwitchA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.4.2

# Configure two static routes on Switch B.

<SwitchB> system-view [SwitchB] ip route-static 1.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.4.1 [SwitchB] ip route-static 1.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.6

# Configure a default route on Switch C.

<SwitchC> system-view [SwitchC] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.5.5

3. Configure the default gateways of Host A, Host B, and Host C as 1.1.2.3, 1.1.6.1, and 1.1.3.1. (Details not shown.)

Verifying the configuration

# Display static routes on Switch A.

[SwitchA] display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 1

Static Routing table Status : <Active> Summary Coun t : 1

Destination/M ask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 1.1.4.2 Vlan500

Static Routing ta ble Status : <Inacti ve> Summary Coun t : 0

# Display static routes on Switch B.

[SwitchB] display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 2

Static Routing table Status : <Acti ve > Summary Coun t : 2

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

1.1.2.0/24 Static 60 0 1.1.4.1 Vlan500

Static Routing table Status : <Inac ti ve> Summary Coun t : 0

# Use the ping command on Host B to test the reachability of Host A (Windows XP runs on the two hosts).

C:\Documents an d Settings\Administrator>ping 1.1.2.2

Pinging 1.1.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 1.1 .2.2: bytes=32 tim e=1ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 1.1.2.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms

# Use the tracert command on Host B to test the reachability of Host A.

C:\Documents an d Settings\Administrator>tracert 1.1.2.2

Tracing rout e to 1.1.2.2 over a maxi mum of 30 hops

1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.6.1 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.4.1 3 1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.2.2

Trace complete.

BFD for static routes configuration e x ample (direct next hop)

Network requirements

Configure the following, as shown in Figure 3:

•

Device

Interface

IP address

Switch A Switch B

Switch C

BFD

Switch

Vlan-int10

Vlan

-int

Vlan-int11

Vlan

-int

Vlan-

int13

Vlan-int10

121.

120.1.1.0/24

Configure a static route to subnet 120.1.1.0/24 on Switch A. Configure a static route to subnet 121.1.1.0/ 24 on S wit c h B. Enable BFD for both routes. Configure a static route to subnet 120.1.1.0/24 and a static route to subnet 121.1.1.0/24 on

Switch C.

When the link between S witc h A and Switch B through the Layer 2 switch fai ls, B F D c an det ec t th e failure immediately. Switch A then communicates with Switch B through Switch C.

Figure 3 Network diagram

Table 4 Interface and IP address assignment

Switch A VLAN-interface 10 12.1.1.1/24 Switch A VLAN-interface 11 10.1.1.102/24 Switch B VLAN-interface 10 12.1.1.2/24 Switch B VLAN-interface 13 13.1.1.1/24 Switch C VLAN-interface 11 10.1.1.100/24 Switch C VLAN-interface 13 13.1.1.2/24

Configuration procedure

1. Configure IP addresses for the interfaces. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure static routes and BFD:

# Configure static routes on Switch A and enable BFD control mode for the static route that traverses the Layer 2 switch.

<SwitchA> system-view [SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 10 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 500 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 500 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 9 [SwitchA-vlan-interface10] quit [SwitchA] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 10 12.1.1.2 bfd control-packet [SwitchA] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 11 10.1.1.100 preference 65 [SwitchA] quit

# Configure static routes on Switch B and enable BFD control mode for the static route that traverses the Layer 2 switch.

<SwitchB> sy stem-view [SwitchB] interface vlan-interface 10

[SwitchB-vlan-interface10] bfd min-transmit-interval 500 [SwitchB-vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 500 [SwitchB-vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 9 [SwitchB-vlan-interface10] quit [SwitchB] ip route-static 121.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 10 12.1.1.1 bfd control-packet [SwitchB] ip route-static 121.1. 1.0 24 vlan-interface 13 13.1.1.2 preference 65 [SwitchB] qu it

# Configure static routes on Switch C.

<SwitchC> sy stem-view [SwitchC] ip rout e-static 120.1.1.0 24 13.1.1.1 [SwitchC] ip rout e-static 121.1.1.0 24 10.1.1.102

Verifying the configuration

# Display BFD sessions on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display bfd session

Total Session Nu m: 1 Up Session Num: 1 Init Mode: Active

IPv4 Session Working Under Ctrl Mode:

LD/RD SourceAddr DestAddr State Holdtime Interf ace 4/7 12.1.1.1 12.1.1.2 Up 2000ms Vlan10

The output shows that the BFD session has been created. # Display the static routes on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 1

Static Routing table Status : <Acti ve > Summary Coun t : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

120.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 12.1.1 .2 Vlan10

Static Routing ta ble Status : <Inacti ve> Summary Coun t : 0

The output shows that Swit ch A communicates with Sw itch B thr ough VLAN-interface 10. Then the link over VLAN-interface 10 fails.

# Display static routes on Switch A.

<SwitchA> display ip routing-table protocol static

Summary Coun t : 1

Static Routing table Status : <Acti ve > Summary Coun t : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

120.1.1.0/24 Static 65 0 10.1.1 .100 Vlan11

+ 562 hidden pages

HP E 7500 Configuration Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Configuring basic IP routing

Routing table

Dynamic routing protocols

Route preference

Load sharing

Route backup

Route recursion

Route redistribution

Extension attribute redistribution

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB

Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB

Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB

Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes

Configuring RIB NSR

Configuring IP v4 RIB NSR

Configuring IP v6 RIB NSR

Configuring inter-protocol FRR

Configuring IP v4 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

Configuring IP v6 RIB inter-protoc ol FRR

Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup

Displaying and maintaining a routing table

Configuring static routing

Configuring a static route

Configuring BFD for static routes

Bidirectional c ontrol mode

Single-hop echo mode

Configuring static route FRR

Configuration guidelines

Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop

Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop

Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR

Displaying and maintaining static routes

Static route configuration examples

Basic static route configuration example

Network requirements

Configuration procedure

1. Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure static routes:

3. Configure the default gateways of Host A, Host B, and Host C as 1.1.2.3, 1.1.6.1, and 1.1.3.1. (Details not shown.)

Verifying the configuration

BFD for static routes configuration e x ample (direct next hop)

Network requirements

Configuration procedure

1. Configure IP addresses for the interfaces. (Details not shown.)

2. Configure static routes and BFD:

Verifying the configuration