Hologic QDR User Manual

QDR

Reference Manual

Caution: Federal (U.S.A.) law restricts this device to sale by or on the
order of a physician (or properly licensed practitioner).

Document No. MAN-00732 Revision 002

October 2007

The information contained in this Manual is confidential and proprietary to Hologic, Inc.
This information is provided only to authorized representatives of Hologic’s customers
solely for the purpose of facilitating the use of Hologic’s products. No information
contained herein may be disclosed to any unauthorized person for any purpose
whatsoever without the prior written consent of Hologic, Inc.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice.

©

Copyright 2000-2007 by Hologic, Inc. All rights reserved.

Discovery™, and Explorer™ are trademarks of Hologic, Inc.
QDR® and the Hologic logo are registered trademarks of Hologic, Inc.
HSA® is a registered trademark of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics

Laboratory.
Protected by at least some of the following U.S. Patents and foreign counterparts:

4,811,373; Re34,511; 5,040,199; 5,138,553; 5,165,410; 5,432,834; 5,483,960;
5,572,998; 5,657,369; 5,687,211; 5,715,820; 5,717,735; 5,748,705; 5,762,608;
5,771,272; 5,778,045; 5,835,555; 5,838,562; 5,838,765; 5,850,836; 5,891,033;
6,002,959; 6,009,147; 6,230,036; 6,233,473; 6,385,283.

Printed in the U.S.A.
Windows® and Windows® XP are either registered trademarks or trademarks of

Microsoft Corpor ation in the United States and/or other countr ies.
All trademarks, regi stered trademarks, an d product names used w ithin this documen t are

the property of their respective owners.

Hologic, Inc.

35 Crosby Drive

Bedford, MA 01730

USA

Tel: [phone]

Fax: [phone]

Service: (800) 321-HOLX (321-4659)

User Support: (800) 321-HOLX (321-4659

Hologic Europe

Hologic N.V.

Leuvensesteenweg 250A

1800 Vilvoorde

Belgium

Tel: [phone]

Fax: [phone]

T a bl e of Contents

Chapter 1 -

Introducing the QDR Series System ...................................................................................... 1-1

Introducing the QDR Series Models .................................................................................... 1-2

Introducing the System Hardware Components .................................................................. 1-3

Operator Console ........................................................................................................... 1-4

Computer Hardware and Peripherals ....................................................................... 1-4

4500 Power Module ....................................................................................................... 1-4

Delphi AC Power Isolation Module .............................................................................. 1-4

Examination Table ......................................................................................................... 1-4

Table Pad ................................................................................................................. 1-4

C-Arm ............................................................................................................................ 1-5

X-Ray Source and Detectors .................................................................................... 1-5

Laser ......................................................................................................................... 1-5

Control Panel for QDR Systems .................................................................................... 1-6

The Discovery and Explorer Control Panels ........................................................... 1-6

Discovery/Explorer Control Panel Switches and Indicators ............................... 1-6

The QDR 4500 and Delphi Control Panels ............................................................ 1-7

The QDR 4500 Control Panels ........................................................................... 1-7

The Delphi Control Panels .................................................................................. 1-7

QDR 4500/Delphi Control Panel Switches and Indicators ................................. 1-8

Introducing the APEX Software .......................................................................................... 1-9

Main Window Overview ............................................................................................... 1-9

Main Window Features .................................................................................................. 1-9

Introducing the Quality Control Spine Phantom ............................................................... 1-10

Introducing the Positioning Aids ....................................................................................... 1-11

Knee Positioner ............................................................................................................ 1-11

Foot Restraint (Hip Positioner) .................................................................................... 1-11

Head Positioner for A and SL Models ......................................................................... 1-12

Introducing the Product Support Materials ........................................................................ 1-12

Chapter 2 -

Understanding QDR Series Technology ................................................................................ 2-1

Introducing Key Elements ................................................................................................... 2-2

Presenting DXA Technology ......................................................................................... 2-2

Accuracy and Precision ................................................................................................. 2-3

Principles of Operation .................................................................................................. 2-3

Introducing the Scan Sites ................................................................................................... 2-4

Lumbar Spine ................................................................................................................. 2-4

Proximal Femur ............................................................................................................. 2-5

Forearm .......................................................................................................................... 2-6

QDR Reference Manual

Whole Body ................................................................................................................... 2-7

Understanding the Scan Results .......................................................................................... 2-8

Z-Score ........................................................................................................................... 2-8

T-Score ........................................................................................................................... 2-8

Reference Database ........................................................................................................ 2-8

Chapter 3 -

APEX Software ........................................................................................................................ 3-1

Understanding the Mouse .................................................................................................... 3-2

Holding the Mouse ......................................................................................................... 3-2

Mouse Tasks .................................................................................................................. 3-2

Using the Mouse with APEX Software ............................................................................... 3-3

Pointing with the Mouse ................................................................................................ 3-3

Clicking the Mouse ........................................................................................................ 3-3

Double-Clicking the Mouse ........................................................................................... 3-3

Dragging and Dropping ................................................................................................. 3-3

Understanding the User Interface ........................................................................................ 3-4

User Interface Windows ................................................................................................ 3-4

Main Window .......................................................................................................... 3-4

Tab Windows ........................................................................................................... 3-5

Dialog Windows ...................................................................................................... 3-6

Understanding Main Window Components ........................................................................ 3-7

Main Window Buttons ................................................................................................... 3-7

Using Menus ............................................................................................................ 3-8

Choosing Menu Items .............................................................................................. 3-8

Using Sub-Menus .................................................................................................... 3-9

Closing Menus ......................................................................................................... 3-9

Understanding Other Window Components .................................................................. 3-9

Entering Text ........................................................................................................... 3-9

Tabs ........................................................................................................................ 3-10

Drop-down Lists .................................................................................................... 3-10

Radio Buttons ........................................................................................................ 3-10

Command Buttons ................................................................................................. 3-10

Check Boxes .......................................................................................................... 3-11

Scroll Bars .............................................................................................................. 3-11

Sorting List Items ................................................................................................... 3-11

Identifying the Sort Order ...................................................................................... 3-11

Changing the Sort Order ........................................................................................ 3-12

Selecting Items From a List ......................................................................................... 3-12

Selecting One Item ................................................................................................. 3-12

Selecting Multiple Items ........................................................................................ 3-12

Selecting a Range of Items .................................................................................... 3-12

Introducing the System Software Reminders .................................................................... 3-13

iv Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

Flashing Buttons .......................................................................................................... 3-13

Daily QC ................................................................................................................ 3-13

System Backup ...................................................................................................... 3-13

Introducing the System Software Help .............................................................................. 3-14

Tool Tips ...................................................................................................................... 3-14

Online Context Sensitive Help .................................................................................... 3-14

Ticker Tape .................................................................................................................. 3-15

Chapter 4 -

Performing Daily System Operations .................................................................................... 4-1

Discovery Systems ............................................................................................................... 4-2

Discovery Circuit Breaker and Indicator ....................................................................... 4-2

Discovery-C, -Ci, -W and -Wi Control Panel ................................................................ 4-2

Discovery-A and -SL Control Panel .............................................................................. 4-4

Turning Discovery Power On and Off ........................................................................... 4-5

Beginning of the Workday ....................................................................................... 4-5

End of the Workday ................................................................................................. 4-6

Discovery Emergency Procedures ................................................................................. 4-7

Operator Action During a Power Failure ................................................................. 4-7

Shutting Down During a Power Failure ............................................................. 4-7

After Power is Restored ...................................................................................... 4-7

If Equipment Fails While in Operation .................................................................... 4-7

If AC Power has been Turned Off ........................................................................... 4-8

Explorer Systems ................................................................................................................. 4-9

Explorer Circuit Breaker and Indicator ......................................................................... 4-9

Explorer Control Panel .................................................................................................. 4-9

Turning Explorer Power On and Off ........................................................................... 4-10

Beginning of the Workday ..................................................................................... 4-10

End of the Workday ............................................................................................... 4-11

Explorer Emergency Procedures ................................................................................. 4-11

Operator Action During a Power Failure ............................................................... 4-12

Shutting Down During a Power Failure ........................................................... 4-12

After Power is Restored .................................................................................... 4-12

If Equipment Fails While in Operation .................................................................. 4-12

If AC Power has been Turned Off ......................................................................... 4-13

QDR 4500 Systems ............................................................................................................ 4-14

QDR 4500 Power Module ........................................................................................... 4-14

QDR 4500 Power Module Side Panel ................................................................... 4-14

QDR 4500 Power Module Rear Panel ................................................................... 4-15

QDR 4500 Control Panel ............................................................................................. 4-15

QDR 4500C and QDR 4500W Control Panel ....................................................... 4-16

QDR 4500A and QDR 4500SL Control Panel ...................................................... 4-17

Turning QDR 4500 Power On and Off ........................................................................ 4-18

Beginning of the Workday ..................................................................................... 4-18

Table of Contents v

QDR Reference Manual

End of the Workday ............................................................................................... 4-19

QDR 4500 Emergency Procedures .............................................................................. 4-20

Operator Action During a Power Failure ............................................................... 4-20

Shutting down during a power failure ..............................................................4-20

After power is restored ..................................................................................... 4-21

If QDR 4500 Equipment Fails While in Operation ............................................... 4-21

If QDR 4500 AC Power has been Turned Off ....................................................... 4-21

Delphi Systems .................................................................................................................. 4-23

Delphi AC Power Isolation Module ............................................................................ 4-23

Delphi Control Panels .................................................................................................. 4-23

Delphi-C and -W Control Panel ........................................................................ 4-23

Delphi-A and -SL Control Panel ........................................................................... 4-25

Turning Delphi Power On and Off .............................................................................. 4-26

Beginning of the Workday ..................................................................................... 4-27

End of the Workday ............................................................................................... 4-27

Delphi Emergency Procedures ..................................................................................... 4-28

Operator Action During a Power Failure ............................................................... 4-28

Shutting Down During a Power Failure ........................................................... 4-29

After Power is Restored ....................................................................................4-29

If Delphi Equipment Fails While in Operation ...................................................... 4-29

If Delphi AC Power has been Turned Off ............................................................. 4-30

Chapter 5 -

Quality Control ........................................................................................................................ 5-1

The Daily QC Procedure ...................................................................................................... 5-2

Start Daily QC ............................................................................................................... 5-2

Position the Spine Phantom ........................................................................................... 5-3

Automatic System Test .................................................................................................. 5-4

Auto QC Passed ............................................................................................................. 5-5

Review Analysis ...................................................................................................... 5-6

QC Plot .................................................................................................................... 5-7

About the QC Plot ............................................................................................... 5-7

Auto QC Failed .............................................................................................................. 5-9

Details ...................................................................................................................... 5-9

Review Analysis ...................................................................................................... 5-9

Plot ......................................................................................................................... 5-10

OK .......................................................................................................................... 5-10

About the QC Spine Phantom ............................................................................................ 5-10

QC Data Management ....................................................................................................... 5-11

Access Data Management ............................................................................................ 5-11

Set QC Plot Parameters ................................................................................................ 5-11

Select scans to be included in the QC Plot .................................................................. 5-13

Exclude Data Points from the QC Plot Screen ...................................................... 5-15

Create a New Phantom Record .................................................................................... 5-15

vi Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

Set up the QC Plot ....................................................................................................... 5-17

Plot Regression .................................................................................................................. 5-20

Archiving QC Phantom Scans ........................................................................................... 5-20

Chapter 6 -

Managing Patient Records ...................................................................................................... 6-1

Introducing Patient Records ................................................................................................. 6-2

Accessing the Records ................................................................................................... 6-2

Working with Patient Records ............................................................................................. 6-4

Overview of Patient Record ........................................................................................... 6-4

Biography Tab ......................................................................................................... 6-4

Insurance Tab ........................................................................................................... 6-6

................................................................................................................................. 6-6

Retrieving a Patient Record ........................................................................................... 6-7

Searching the Patient Drawer .................................................................................. 6-7

Creating/Editing a Patient Record ................................................................................. 6-9

New Patient ............................................................................................................ 6-10

Updating a Patient Record ..................................................................................... 6-12

Patient Biography .............................................................................................6-13

Patient Questionnaire ........................................................................................ 6-14

Introducing Scan Records .................................................................................................. 6-16

Scan Drawer ................................................................................................................. 6-16

Working with Scan Records .............................................................................................. 6-17

Scan Details ................................................................................................................. 6-17

Details Tab ............................................................................................................. 6-18

Identification Tab ................................................................................................... 6-19

Deleting Scan Files ...................................................................................................... 6-21

Archived Scans Tab ............................................................................................... 6-22

UnArchived Scans Tab .......................................................................................... 6-22

Retrieving the Scan Records ........................................................................................ 6-22

Performing an Analysis ......................................................................................... 6-23

Adding Scan Information from Other Manufacturer’s Systems ........................................ 6-24

Chapter 7 -

The Patient Examination ......................................................................................................... 7-1

The Patient Examination ...................................................................................................... 7-2

Preparing the Patient ...................................................................................................... 7-2

Patient Interview ...................................................................................................... 7-2

Patient Questions ................................................................................................ 7-2

Patient Preparation ................................................................................................... 7-3

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ....................................................................... 7-4

Creating a Patient Biography ................................................................................... 7-4

Table of Contents vii

QDR Reference Manual

Retrieving a Patient Biography ................................................................................ 7-4

Using the Select A Patient Tab ...........................................................................7-5

Confirming the Patient Information ......................................................................... 7-6

Filling out the Patient Questionnaire ....................................................................... 7-7

Using the Worklist Tab ....................................................................................... 7-8

Using Modality Worklist with a Study .................................................................. 7-13

Modality Worklist Operations ............................................................................... 7-16

Adding a Patient ................................................................................................ 7-17

Adding a Study .................................................................................................7-18

Matching an Existing Patient ............................................................................ 7-18

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode .............................................................................. 7-21

Positioning the Patient and C-arm ............................................................................... 7-21

Placing the Patient on the Table ............................................................................ 7-21

Positioning for the Specific Examination .............................................................. 7-22

Performing the Examination ........................................................................................ 7-22

Exiting the Examination .............................................................................................. 7-23

Adding Scan Comments ........................................................................................ 7-24

Performing the Analysis .............................................................................................. 7-24

Contrast and Brightness ......................................................................................... 7-25

Exiting the Analysis ..................................................................................................... 7-27

Using a Study ............................................................................................................... 7-28

Generating and Printing Reports .................................................................................. 7-32

Configuring the Report .......................................................................................... 7-32

Editing Physician’s Comments .............................................................................. 7-33

Chapter 8 -

Performing and Analyzing the AP Lumbar Spine Scan ...................................................... 8-1

The AP Lumbar Spine Examination .................................................................................... 8-2

Preparing the Patient ...................................................................................................... 8-2

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ....................................................................... 8-2

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode ................................................................................ 8-2

Choosing the Scan Mode ......................................................................................... 8-3

Confirming Scan Parameters ................................................................................... 8-3

Positioning the Patient and C-arm ........................................................................... 8-4

Placing the Patient on the Table .............................................................................. 8-5

Positioning the Patient ............................................................................................. 8-5

Positioning the C-arm .............................................................................................. 8-6

Performing the Examination .......................................................................................... 8-7

Starting the AP Lumbar Spine Scan ........................................................................ 8-8

Repositioning the Scan ............................................................................................ 8-9

Exiting the Examination .............................................................................................. 8-11

Performing the Analysis .............................................................................................. 8-11

Choosing the Method of Analysis ......................................................................... 8-11

Methods of Analysis ......................................................................................... 8-12

Performing the Analysis ........................................................................................ 8-13

viii Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

One-Time™ Auto Analysis ................................................................................... 8-14

Manual Analysis .................................................................................................... 8-15

Performing the Manual Analysis ...................................................................... 8-16

Adjusting the Image Display ............................................................................8-16

Defining the Region of Interest (ROI) .............................................................. 8-16

The Global ROI Toolbox .................................................................................. 8-18

Viewing/Editing the Bone Map ........................................................................ 8-19

Marking Intervertebral Spaces .......................................................................... 8-21

Labeling The Vertebral Bodies ......................................................................... 8-23

Including or Excluding Vertebrae from Analysis ............................................. 8-23

Viewing Results ................................................................................................ 8-25

Exiting the Analysis ..................................................................................................... 8-27

Generating and Printing Reports .................................................................................. 8-27

Alternate Scan Modes .................................................................................................. 8-27

Evaluating the Image ................................................................................................... 8-28

Scoliotic Spine Scans ......................................................................................................... 8-30

Adjusting the ROI Box ................................................................................................ 8-30

Marking Intervertebral Spaces of Scoliotic Spines ...................................................... 8-33

Pivoting an Intervertebral Line .............................................................................. 8-33

Chapter 9 -

Performing and Analyzing the Hip Scan ............................................................................... 9-1

The Hip Examination ........................................................................................................... 9-2

Preparing the Patient ...................................................................................................... 9-2

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ....................................................................... 9-2

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode ................................................................................ 9-3

Choosing the Scan Mode ......................................................................................... 9-3

Left or Right Hip ................................................................................................. 9-3

Dual-Hip ............................................................................................................. 9-4

Confirming Scan Parameters ................................................................................... 9-5

Positioning the Patient and C-arm ................................................................................. 9-6

Placing the Patient on the Table .............................................................................. 9-7

Positioning the Patient ............................................................................................. 9-7

Positioning the C-arm .............................................................................................. 9-8

Positioning for the Left Hip or Right Hip Scan ..................................................9-8

Positioning for the Dual-Hip Scan ...................................................................... 9-8

Performing the Examination .......................................................................................... 9-8

Starting the Hip Scan ............................................................................................... 9-9

Repositioning the Scan .......................................................................................... 9-10

Additional Steps for the Dual-Hip Scan ................................................................ 9-12

Exiting the Examination .............................................................................................. 9-13

Performing the Analysis .............................................................................................. 9-14

Choosing the Method of Analysis ......................................................................... 9-14

Methods of Analysis ......................................................................................... 9-15

Performing the Analysis ........................................................................................ 9-16

Table of Contents ix

QDR Reference Manual

One-Time™ Auto Analysis ................................................................................... 9-16

Manual Analysis .................................................................................................... 9-17

Performing the Manual Analysis ...................................................................... 9-17

Adjusting the Image Display ............................................................................9-18

Defining the Region of Interest (ROI) ..............................................................9-18

The Global ROI Toolbox .................................................................................. 9-20

Viewing/Editing the Bone Map ........................................................................ 9-21

Positioning the Neck Box ................................................................................. 9-24

Adjusting the Neck Box .................................................................................... 9-26

Viewing Results ................................................................................................ 9-27

Exiting the Analysis ..................................................................................................... 9-29

For All Scans Except Dual-Hip ............................................................................. 9-29

For Dual-Hip Scans ............................................................................................... 9-29

Generating and Printing Reports .................................................................................. 9-29

Alternate Scan Modes .................................................................................................. 9-29

Evaluating the Image ................................................................................................... 9-30

Modifying Other Regions of the Hip ................................................................................. 9-33

About the Midline ........................................................................................................ 9-33

About Ward’s Triangle ................................................................................................ 9-35

About the Trochanter Region ...................................................................................... 9-37

Hip Structure Analysis® .................................................................................................... 9-38

HSA Toolbox ............................................................................................................... 9-39

Manually Adjusting the HSA Region Boxes .................................................... 9-39

Tips for Adjusting the HSA Region Boxes ......................................................9-40

Viewing Results ................................................................................................ 9-41

Chapter 10 -

Performing and Analyzing the Forearm Scan .................................................................... 10-1

The Forearm Examination ................................................................................................. 10-2

Prepare the Patient ....................................................................................................... 10-2

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ..................................................................... 10-2

Measuring the Patient's Forearm .................................................................................. 10-2

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode .............................................................................. 10-4

Choosing the Scan Mode .................................................................................. 10-4

Confirming Scan Parameters ................................................................................. 10-4

Positioning the Patient and C-arm ............................................................................... 10-6

Placing the Forearm in the Scan Field ................................................................... 10-6

Positioning the C-arm ............................................................................................ 10-7

Performing the Examination ........................................................................................ 10-7

Starting the Forearm Scan ...................................................................................... 10-8

Repositioning the Scan .......................................................................................... 10-9

Exiting the Examination ............................................................................................ 10-11

Performing the Analysis ............................................................................................ 10-12

Choosing the Method of Analysis ....................................................................... 10-12

x Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

Methods of Analysis ....................................................................................... 10-13

Performing the Forearm Analysis ........................................................................ 10-14

Entering the Forearm Length ..........................................................................10-15

Adjusting the Image Display ..........................................................................10-15

Defining the Region of Interest (ROI) ............................................................ 10-16

The Global ROI Toolbox ................................................................................ 10-17

About the 1/3 Distal Region ........................................................................... 10-21

Viewing/Editing the Bone Map ...................................................................... 10-22

Adjusting the MID/UD Regions .....................................................................10-25

The MID/UD Toolbox ....................................................................................10-26

Viewing Results .............................................................................................. 10-28

Exiting the Analysis ................................................................................................... 10-32

Generating and Printing Reports ................................................................................ 10-32

Evaluating the Image ................................................................................................. 10-32

Chapter 11 -

Performing and Analyzing the Whole Body Scan .............................................................. 11-1

The Whole Body Examination .......................................................................................... 11-2

Auto Whole Body ........................................................................................................ 11-2

Preparing the Patient .................................................................................................... 11-2

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ..................................................................... 11-3

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode .............................................................................. 11-3

Choosing the Scan Mode ....................................................................................... 11-3

Confirming Scan Parameters ................................................................................. 11-4

Positioning the Patient and C-Arm .............................................................................. 11-4

Placing the Patient on the Table ............................................................................ 11-5

Positioning the Patient ........................................................................................... 11-5

Performing the Examination ........................................................................................ 11-6

Starting the Whole Body Scan ............................................................................... 11-6

Exiting the Examination .............................................................................................. 11-7

Performing the Analysis .............................................................................................. 11-7

Choosing the Method of Analysis ......................................................................... 11-8

Choosing the Compare to Previous Analysis ........................................................ 11-9

Performing the Whole Body Analysis ................................................................... 11-9

Adjusting the Image Display ..........................................................................11-10

Defining the Regions ...................................................................................... 11-10

Regions Toolbox ............................................................................................. 11-11

Viewing Results ................................................................................................... 11-15

Exiting the Analysis ................................................................................................... 11-17

Generating and Printing Reports ................................................................................ 11-18

Evaluating the Image ................................................................................................. 11-18

Chapter 12 -

Performing and Analyzing the AP/Lateral Spine Scan ...................................................... 12-1

The AP/Lateral Spine Examination ................................................................................... 12-2

Table of Contents xi

QDR Reference Manual

Preparing the Patient .................................................................................................... 12-2

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ..................................................................... 12-2

Placing the Patient on the Table .................................................................................. 12-2

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode .............................................................................. 12-3

Choosing the Scan Mode .................................................................................. 12-3

Positioning the Patient ................................................................................................. 12-4

Positioning the C-arm .................................................................................................. 12-5

Confirming Scan Parameters ................................................................................. 12-6

Performing the AP Scan .............................................................................................. 12-7

Starting the AP Scan .............................................................................................. 12-8

Repositioning the Scan .......................................................................................... 12-9

Analyzing the AP Scan ................................................................................................ 12-9

Performing the Analysis ........................................................................................ 12-9

Choosing the Method of Analysis ......................................................................... 12-9

Methods of Analysis ....................................................................................... 12-10

Performing the AP Analysis ...................................................................................... 12-11

One-Time™ Auto Analysis ................................................................................. 12-11

Manual Analysis .................................................................................................. 12-12

Performing the Manual Analysis .................................................................... 12-13

Adjusting the Image Display ..........................................................................12-13

Defining the Region of Interest ...................................................................... 12-14

Viewing/Editing the Bone Map ...................................................................... 12-16

Marking Intervertebral Spaces ........................................................................ 12-18

Labeling The Vertebral Bodies ....................................................................... 12-20

Including or Excluding Vertebrae from Analysis ........................................... 12-20

Viewing Results .............................................................................................. 12-21

Verifying the Start Position ............................................................................12-22

Performing the Lateral Scan ...................................................................................... 12-25

Rotating the C-Arm for the Lateral Scan ............................................................. 12-25

Table Safety Feature ....................................................................................... 12-26

Confirming Scan Parameters ............................................................................... 12-26

Starting the Lateral Scan ...................................................................................... 12-26

Removing the Patient From the Table ................................................................. 12-28

Exiting the Examination ............................................................................................ 12-28

Analyzing the Lateral Scan ........................................................................................ 12-28

Choosing the Method of Analysis ....................................................................... 12-29

Performing the Lateral Analysis .......................................................................... 12-31

Adjusting the Image Display ..........................................................................12-32

Defining the Region of Interest (ROI) ............................................................12-32

The Global ROI Toolbox ................................................................................ 12-33

Reanalysis Warning ........................................................................................ 12-33

Adjusting the Vertebral Boundaries ............................................................... 12-34

Adjusting Vertebral Bodies ............................................................................ 12-35

Confirming Lumbar Vertebrae Labels ............................................................ 12-36

Viewing/Editing the Bone Map ...................................................................... 12-37

Adjusting the Mid Regions .............................................................................12-38

xii Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

Viewing Results .............................................................................................. 12-39

Exiting the Analysis ................................................................................................... 12-42

Generating and Printing Reports ................................................................................ 12-42

Alternate Scan Modes ................................................................................................ 12-42

Chapter 13 -

Instant Vertebral Assessment and Quantitative Morphometry ........................................ 13-1

Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 13-2

Specification ................................................................................................................ 13-2

Patient Position and Scanning ...................................................................................... 13-2

Patient Positioning on A or SL System ................................................................. 13-2

Patient Positioning on C, Ci, W or Wi System ...................................................... 13-3

The IVA Examinations ...................................................................................................... 13-4

IVA Imaging Exam ...................................................................................................... 13-4

IVA with BMD Exam .................................................................................................. 13-4

IVA Imaging on an A or SL System .................................................................................. 13-4

Preparing the Patient .................................................................................................... 13-5

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ..................................................................... 13-5

Starting the Examination ............................................................................................. 13-5

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode .............................................................................. 13-6

The AP IVA Scan ........................................................................................................ 13-9

Confirming Scan Parameters for AP IVA Scan ................................................... 13-10

Positioning the Patient for the AP IVA Scan ....................................................... 13-10

Performing the AP IVA Scan .............................................................................. 13-11

Repositioning the Scan ................................................................................... 13-12

Using the IVA Image Viewer for AP IVA Scan ................................................. 13-14

Exiting the IVA Image Viewer ............................................................................ 13-14

If Only AP IVA Scan Selected ............................................................................ 13-14

If Both AP and Lateral IVA Scans Selected ................................................... 13-14

The Lateral IVA Scan ................................................................................................ 13-15

Confirming Scan Parameters for Lateral IVA Scan ............................................ 13-15

Performing the Lateral IVA Scan ........................................................................ 13-16

Repositioning the Scan ................................................................................... 13-17

Using the IVA Image Viewer for Lateral IVA Scan ........................................... 13-19

Returning the C-arm to the AP Position .............................................................. 13-20

IVA Imaging on a C, Ci, W or Wi System ...................................................................... 13-21

Preparing the Patient .................................................................................................. 13-21

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ................................................................... 13-21

Starting the Examination ........................................................................................... 13-21

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode ............................................................................ 13-22

The AP IVA Scan ...................................................................................................... 13-24

Confirming Scan Parameters for AP IVA Scan ................................................... 13-25

Positioning the Patient for the AP IVA Scan .................................................. 13-25

Performing the AP IVA Scan .............................................................................. 13-26

Table of Contents xiii

QDR Reference Manual

Repositioning the Scan ................................................................................... 13-27

Using the IVA Image Viewer for AP IVA Scan .................................................. 13-29

Exiting the IVA Image Viewer ............................................................................ 13-29

The Lateral IVA Scan ................................................................................................ 13-30

Confirming Scan Parameters for Lateral IVA Scan ............................................ 13-30

Positioning the Patient for the Lateral IVA Scan ................................................ 13-31

Placing the Patient on the Table .......................................................................... 13-31

Positioning the Patient .................................................................................... 13-31

Performing the Lateral IVA Scan ........................................................................ 13-33

Repositioning the Scan ................................................................................... 13-34

........................................................................................................................13-34

Using the IVA Image Viewer for Lateral IVA Scan ........................................... 13-36

IVA with BMD ................................................................................................................ 13-38

Preparing the Patient .................................................................................................. 13-38

Creating/Retrieving a Patient Biography ................................................................... 13-38

Starting the Examination ........................................................................................... 13-39

Selecting the Scan Type and Mode ............................................................................ 13-40

The AP IVA Scan ...................................................................................................... 13-43

Confirming Scan Parameters for AP IVA Scan ................................................... 13-44

Performing the AP IVA Scan .............................................................................. 13-44

Repositioning .................................................................................................. 13-46

Using the IVA Image Viewer for AP IVA Scan .................................................. 13-46

The AP BMD Scan .................................................................................................... 13-46

Confirming Scan Parameters for AP BMD Scan ................................................. 13-47

Performing the AP BMD Scan ............................................................................ 13-47

Analyzing the AP BMD Scan .............................................................................. 13-47

Exiting the AP BMD Analysis ............................................................................. 13-47

The Lateral BMD Scan .............................................................................................. 13-48

Confirming Scan Parameters for Lateral BMD Scan .......................................... 13-48

Performing the Lateral BMD Scan ...................................................................... 13-49

Exiting the Lateral BMD Scan ............................................................................. 13-50

The Lateral IVA Scan ................................................................................................ 13-51

Confirming Scan Parameters for Lateral IVA Scan ............................................ 13-51

Performing the Lateral IVA Scan ........................................................................ 13-52

Using the IVA Image Viewer for the Lateral IVA Scan ..................................... 13-53

Returning the C-arm to the AP Position .............................................................. 13-54

IVA Image Viewer ........................................................................................................... 13-55

The IVA Image Viewer ............................................................................................. 13-55

The Image ............................................................................................................ 13-55

The Patient Data ................................................................................................... 13-56

The Control Bar ................................................................................................... 13-56

Mouse Pointer Controls ....................................................................................... 13-58

DE Scan ..................................................................................................................... 13-59

Using Markers .................................................................................................................. 13-61

xiv T able of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

The Object of QM Markers ....................................................................................... 13-61

Using QM Markers .................................................................................................... 13-61

Flipping the Image ............................................................................................... 13-62

Adding QM Markers ............................................................................................ 13-63

Selecting Markers ................................................................................................ 13-64

Moving Markers .................................................................................................. 13-64

Editing Markers ................................................................................................... 13-64

Labeling Markers Sets ......................................................................................... 13-65

Deleting Marker Sets ........................................................................................... 13-66

QM Result Block ................................................................................................. 13-66

QM Results Block for Lateral IVA Scans ...................................................... 13-66

QM Results Block for AP IVA Scans ............................................................ 13-68

Generating and Printing Images and Reports .................................................................. 13-69

Printing IVA Images from the Reports Button .......................................................... 13-69

Sample Printouts ........................................................................................................ 13-72

Sample Image ...................................................................................................... 13-72

Sample Report ...................................................................................................... 13-73

Interpreting the IVA Image .............................................................................................. 13-74

Chapter 14 -

Compare and Follow-up ........................................................................................................ 14-1

Introducing Compare ......................................................................................................... 14-2

Steps ............................................................................................................................. 14-2

Restoring the Patient’s Baseline Scan ............................................................................... 14-3

Restoring a Baseline Scan ............................................................................................ 14-3

Evaluating the Patient’s Baseline Scan .............................................................................. 14-4

Evaluating Baseline Scan Patient Positioning ............................................................. 14-4

Reviewing Operator or Physician Comments ........................................................ 14-4

Baseline Positioning Acceptable ........................................................................... 14-5

Baseline Positioning Unacceptable ........................................................................ 14-5

Scanning Once to Duplicate Incorrect Baseline Positioning ............................14-5

Scanning Twice ................................................................................................. 14-5

Scanning Once with Correct Positioning .......................................................... 14-5

Evaluating Baseline Scan Analysis .............................................................................. 14-6

Performing the Follow-up Scan ......................................................................................... 14-7

Updating the Patient’s Biography Record ................................................................... 14-7

Performing the Follow-Up Scan .................................................................................. 14-7

Analyzing the Follow-up Scan .......................................................................................... 14-8

Generating a Rate of Change Report ............................................................................... 14-12

Rate of Change Report for Unlike Scan Modes ........................................................ 14-13

Rate of Change Report for Spine Scans with Different Regions ............................... 14-14

Table of Contents xv

QDR Reference Manual

Chapter 15 -

Reports .................................................................................................................................... 15-1

Introducing Reports ........................................................................................................... 15-2

Report Types ................................................................................................................ 15-2

Filing Report .......................................................................................................... 15-2

Interpreting Report ................................................................................................. 15-2

Referring Report .................................................................................................... 15-2

Rate of Change Report ........................................................................................... 15-3

Report Information Blocks .......................................................................................... 15-3

Header .................................................................................................................... 15-4

Patient Information ................................................................................................ 15-4

Scan Information .................................................................................................... 15-4

Image ..................................................................................................................... 15-5

DXA Results .......................................................................................................... 15-5

Reference Graph ............................................................................................... 15-5

Rate of Change Graph ....................................................................................... 15-5

Physician’s Comment ............................................................................................ 15-5

Printing Reports ................................................................................................................. 15-6

Printing a Report After Analysis ................................................................................. 15-6

Printing a Report Using the Report Button .................................................................. 15-6

Printing the Patient Questionnaire ......................................................................... 15-8

Editing the Physician Comment ............................................................................ 15-9

Print Dialog Box ........................................................................................................ 15-10

Previewing Reports .......................................................................................................... 15-11

Report Examples .............................................................................................................. 15-13

Filing Report .............................................................................................................. 15-13

Interpreting Report ..................................................................................................... 15-14

Referring Report ........................................................................................................ 15-15

Rate of Change Report ............................................................................................... 15-15

Patient Questionnaire ................................................................................................. 15-17

DICOM Reports ............................................................................................................... 15-18

Choosing the Report Type ......................................................................................... 15-19

Viewing a Scan’s Details ........................................................................................... 15-22

Entering the Accession Number and User Definable Entries .................................... 15-24

Previewing a DICOM Report .................................................................................... 15-25

Printing a DICOM Report .......................................................................................... 15-26

Saving a DICOM Report ........................................................................................... 15-27

Sending a DICOM Report ......................................................................................... 15-29

Sorting the Scan List .................................................................................................. 15-30

Selecting/Deselecting All Scans ................................................................................ 15-31

Viewing the Queue .................................................................................................... 15-32

Viewing a History of Sent Reports ............................................................................ 15-32

Refreshing DICOM Reports in the Queue ................................................................. 15-33

xvi T able of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

Deleting a DICOM Report from the Queue ............................................................... 15-34

Viewing a History of Sent Storage Commitment Reports ......................................... 15-36

Printing the HxReport ................................................................................................ 15-37

Closing DICOM ............................................................................................................... 15-38

Alternate Navigation ........................................................................................................ 15-39

Drag and Drop Records ............................................................................................. 15-39

Drag and Drop Patient Records ........................................................................... 15-39

Drag and Drop Scan Records ............................................................................... 15-40

Chapter 16 -

Archiving, Locating and Restoring Scans ........................................................................... 16-1

Overview ............................................................................................................................ 16-2

Handling Read/Write CDs ..................................................................................... 16-2

Formatting a Read/Write CD ................................................................................. 16-2

Removing a Read/Write CD .................................................................................. 16-3

Archiving Scans ........................................................................................................... 16-3

Locations ................................................................................................................ 16-4

Archive Labels ....................................................................................................... 16-5

Locating Scans ............................................................................................................. 16-5

Restoring Scans ............................................................................................................ 16-6

Copying Scans ............................................................................................................. 16-6

About Archiving and Restoring Scans ......................................................................... 16-6

How Scans are Transferred .................................................................................... 16-6

Transfer Progress Message .................................................................................... 16-7

Canceling a Transfer .............................................................................................. 16-7

Errors During Transfer ........................................................................................... 16-7

Notification of Successful Transfers ...................................................................... 16-7

How the System Handles Data Inconsistencies ..................................................... 16-7

How the System Handles Archive Data ................................................................ 16-7

Archiving Scans ................................................................................................................. 16-8

Archive Location ......................................................................................................... 16-8

Archive Process ........................................................................................................... 16-8

Locating Scans ................................................................................................................. 16-12

Restoring Scans ................................................................................................................ 16-16

Copying Scans ................................................................................................................. 16-19

Query/Retrieve Scans ...................................................................................................... 16-22

Query Parameters ....................................................................................................... 16-23

Study Level Filters ..................................................................................................... 16-24

Retrieve Queue .......................................................................................................... 16-25

Retrieve Queue Log ............................................................................................. 16-26

Managing Archive Locations ........................................................................................... 16-27

Troubleshooting Transfer Errors ..................................................................................... 16-28

Table of Contents xvii

QDR Reference Manual

Problems Accessing an Archive Location ................................................................. 16-28

Transferring Scans ..................................................................................................... 16-28

Archive Locations ...................................................................................................... 16-29

Advanced User Information ....................................................................................... 16-30

Chapter 17 -

System Backup and Recovery ............................................................................................... 17-1

Overview ............................................................................................................................ 17-2

Files Saved ................................................................................................................... 17-2

Media Formatting .................................................................................................. 17-3

Management of Media ................................................................................................. 17-3

Floppy Diskette ...................................................................................................... 17-3

SuperDisk™ ........................................................................................................... 17-3

Read/write CD ....................................................................................................... 17-3

Network Drive ....................................................................................................... 17-3

When to Run System Backup ...................................................................................... 17-3

Naming the Backup File .............................................................................................. 17-4

Running the System Backup .............................................................................................. 17-5

Errors and Exceptions ........................................................................................................ 17-6

Backup file with the same name .................................................................................. 17-6

Drive is not accessible ................................................................................................. 17-7

Drive does not have enough space ............................................................................... 17-7

Drive is not accessible ................................................................................................. 17-8

System Recovery ............................................................................................................... 17-8

Chapter 18 -

Configuring the System ......................................................................................................... 18-1

Introduction to System Configuration ............................................................................... 18-2

System Tab ........................................................................................................................ 18-3

Date Format ................................................................................................................. 18-3

Patient Biography ........................................................................................................ 18-3

Autopositioning for Hip Scans .................................................................................... 18-3

Report Dose Area Product ........................................................................................... 18-3

Language ...................................................................................................................... 18-4

Customer ...................................................................................................................... 18-4

Default Ethnicity .......................................................................................................... 18-4

Model, S/N, System ID ................................................................................................ 18-4

Data Directory .............................................................................................................. 18-4

Software ....................................................................................................................... 18-4

Last System Backup Date ............................................................................................ 18-4

Last Service Date ......................................................................................................... 18-4

Analyze Tab ....................................................................................................................... 18-5

Default ......................................................................................................................... 18-5

xviii Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

General Options ........................................................................................................... 18-6

Display Region of Interest Coordinates ................................................................. 18-6

Enable Body Composition Analysis ...................................................................... 18-6

Image Display Options ................................................................................................ 18-6

Initially display unanalyzed Lateral Image as Single Energy ................................ 18-6

Initially display unanalyzed Hip image as Single Energy ..................................... 18-6

Display pseudo color image ................................................................................... 18-6

Image Pro ............................................................................................................... 18-6

Display Hip Axis Length ....................................................................................... 18-6

Lateral Options ............................................................................................................ 18-7

Display MID regions ............................................................................................. 18-7

Prevent vertical motion of ROI .............................................................................. 18-7

Analysis Option ........................................................................................................... 18-7

Disable Auto Low Density .................................................................................... 18-7

Disable Auto Analysis ........................................................................................... 18-7

Disable Auto Whole Body ..................................................................................... 18-7

Enable NHANES BCA .......................................................................................... 18-7

Image Style .................................................................................................................. 18-7

CAD BMD Tab ................................................................................................................. 18-8

Report Tab ....................................................................................................................... 18-10

Report - General Tab ................................................................................................. 18-10

Report - WHO Criteria Tab ....................................................................................... 18-12

Report - Least Significant Change Tab ...................................................................... 18-12

Configuring Reports .................................................................................................. 18-14

Configuring the Reports ....................................................................................... 18-14

Configure the Patient, Scan and Results Blocks ............................................. 18-14

Configure the Optional Reports ...................................................................... 18-16

Configure the Common Block ........................................................................ 18-19

Details of the Patient Block ................................................................................. 18-23

Details of the Scan Block ..................................................................................... 18-24

Details of the Results Block ................................................................................. 18-25

Details of the Reference Block for Configure Common Block Option ............... 18-26

Reference Block Hip Configuration ............................................................... 18-27

Reference Block Forearm Configuration ........................................................ 18-28

Reference Block Lateral Configuration ..........................................................18-29

Configuring the Ancillary Report ........................................................................ 18-30

Archive Tab ..................................................................................................................... 18-31

Adding a New Location ............................................................................................. 18-31

Changing the Default Location .................................................................................. 18-32

Deleting a Location from the Archive List ................................................................ 18-32

Including Raw Data Files .......................................................................................... 18-33

Automatically Deleting Scans After Archiving ......................................................... 18-33

HL7 Tab ........................................................................................................................... 18-34

Entering HL7 Fields ................................................................................................... 18-34

Table of Contents xix

QDR Reference Manual

Changing HL7 Fields ................................................................................................. 18-36

Removing HL7 Fields ................................................................................................ 18-37

Scan Conversion .............................................................................................................. 18-39

History ............................................................................................................................. 18-41

Default Questionnaire Template ................................................................................ 18-41

Location of Completed Questionnaire ....................................................................... 18-42

Port ............................................................................................................................. 18-42

Print Patient Name and ID ......................................................................................... 18-43

DICOM Tab ..................................................................................................................... 18-44

Modality Worklist ...................................................................................................... 18-44

Configuring Modality Worklist ........................................................................... 18-45

Configure Worklist Provider .......................................................................... 18-49

Map Worklist Fields .......................................................................................18-51

DICOM Send Destinations ....................................................................................... 18-53

Add / Edit DICOM Send Destination Dialog ...................................................... 18-55

Configure DICOM Send ..................................................................................... 18-57

DICOM Storage Commitment Destinations ............................................................. 18-59

Add / Edit Storage Commitment Destination Dialog .......................................... 18-61

Configure Storage Commitment ......................................................................... 18-62

DICOM Query/Retrieve Destinations ....................................................................... 18-63

Add / Edit DICOM Query/Retrieve Destination Dialog ..................................... 18-65

Host ............................................................................................................................ 18-66

Privacy Tools ................................................................................................................... 18-67

Study Tab ......................................................................................................................... 18-68

Adding a Study .......................................................................................................... 18-68

Editing an Existing Study .......................................................................................... 18-72

Adding Items to an Existing Study ...................................................................... 18-72

Deleting Items from an Existing Study ................................................................ 18-74

Deleting a Study ......................................................................................................... 18-77

Renaming a Study ...................................................................................................... 18-78

Locating a Study from a Long List ............................................................................ 18-81

Chapter 19 -

Utilities .................................................................................................................................... 19-1

Starting a Utility ................................................................................................................ 19-2

System Configuration ........................................................................................................ 19-2

Usage ................................................................................................................................. 19-3

Usage Program Menu .................................................................................................. 19-4

Usage Summary Report ............................................................................................... 19-4

Technically Unacceptable Studies ......................................................................... 19-6

Usage Detail Report ............................................................................................... 19-6

Claims for Technically Unacceptable Studies ....................................................... 19-8

xx Table of Contents

QDR Reference Manual

Database Tools ................................................................................................................... 19-9

Patient Management .................................................................................................... 19-9

Starting Patient Management ................................................................................. 19-9

Managing Patients ................................................................................................ 19-10

Managing Patient Information ............................................................................. 19-12

Biography ........................................................................................................19-12

Insurance ......................................................................................................... 19-14

QC Phantom Details ............................................................................................ 19-15

Managing Patient Baseline Scans ........................................................................ 19-17

Removing a Patient From the System .................................................................. 19-18

Managing Scans ................................................................................................... 19-18

Moving Scans .................................................................................................19-21

Erasing Scans ................................................................................................. 19-23

Export/Import ............................................................................................................. 19-25

Types of Databases .............................................................................................. 19-26

Types of Data ....................................................................................................... 19-26

Types of Transfers ............................................................................................... 19-26

Export ......................................................................................................................... 19-27

Import ......................................................................................................................... 19-29

Reconcile ................................................................................................................... 19-31

Patient Callback ......................................................................................................... 19-33

Auto Baseline Utility ....................................................................................................... 19-36

Scan File Look ................................................................................................................. 19-36

Scan File Plot ................................................................................................................... 19-39

Emergency Motion .......................................................................................................... 19-40

AP Reposition .................................................................................................................. 19-40

Reference Curve .............................................................................................................. 19-42

Starting Reference Curve Editor ................................................................................ 19-43

Viewing Reference Curve Data ................................................................................. 19-44

Creating New Reference Curve Records ................................................................... 19-44

Copying a Reference Curve Record .......................................................................... 19-49

Editing Reference Curve Records .............................................................................. 19-51

Deleting Reference Curve Records ............................................................................ 19-52

Adding New Ethnic Groups ....................................................................................... 19-53

Restoring Reference Curve Database ........................................................................ 19-54

Rebuild Archive Index ..................................................................................................... 19-55

Install Options .................................................................................................................. 19-57

Chapter 20 -

Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) .......................................... 20-1

DICOM Selections ............................................................................................................. 20-2

Configuring DICOM .......................................................................................................... 20-4

Table of Contents xxi

QDR Reference Manual

Using DICOM .................................................................................................................... 20-4

Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................. 20-5

Appendix A -

Options ..................................................................................................................................... A-1

Options List ......................................................................................................................... A-2

Forearm ......................................................................................................................... A-2

IVA ............................................................................................................................... A-3

IVA HD ......................................................................................................................... A-3

DICOM Store ................................................................................................................ A-3

DICOM Modality Worklist .......................................................................................... A-3

General Region of Interest ............................................................................................ A-3

Body Composition Analysis ......................................................................................... A-3

Decubitus Lateral .......................................................................................................... A-3

Small Animal ................................................................................................................ A-3

Prosthetic Hip ............................................................................................................... A-4

Enterprise Data Management ........................................................................................ A-4

Hip Axis Length ............................................................................................................ A-4

Infant Whole Body ........................................................................................................ A-4

Low Density Spine ........................................................................................................ A-4

International .................................................................................................................. A-4

DAP Meter .................................................................................................................... A-4

Hip Structure Analysis® (HSA) ................................................................................... A-4

Mobility ........................................................................................................................ A-4

Appendix B -

Operator Maintenance ............................................................................................................ B-1

Periodic Cleaning ................................................................................................................. B-2

Cleaning the QDR and Computer Components ............................................................. B-2

Cleaning the Table Pad .................................................................................................. B-2

Disinfecting the Table Pad ............................................................................................. B-2

Periodic Visual Inspection ................................................................................................... B-3

Checking for Adequate Clearance ................................................................................. B-3

Checking Cables and Outlets ......................................................................................... B-3

Inspecting the Table Pad ................................................................................................ B-3

Cleaning Accidental Spills ................................................................................................... B-4

Glossary

Index

xxii Table of Contents

Chapter 1

Introducing the QDR Series

System

This chapter introduces the operator to the QDR Series bone
densitometers. This series includes fifteen models of multiple detector,
fan-beam, Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) bone
densitometers. Each model offers some unique scanning abilities that
meet the diagnostic needs of a particular clinical environment.

Content

Subject Page

Introducing the QDR Series Models
Introducing the System H ardware Components
Introducing the APEX Software
Introducing the Quality Control Spine Phantom
Introducing the Positioning Aids
Introducing the Product Support Materials

1-2
1-3

1-9
1-10
1-11
1-12

1-1

QDR Reference Manual

Introducing the QDR Series Models

Discovery-A

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, supine lateral spine, hip, dual hip, forearm,
whole body, AP and lateral imaging (single and dual energy) and
visualization of abdominal aortic calcification.

Discovery-SL

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, supine lateral spine, hip, dual hip, forearm,
AP and lateral imaging (single and dual energy) and visualization
of abdominal aortic calcification.

Discovery-W

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, forearm, whole body, AP and
lateral imaging (single and dual energy) and visualization of
abdominal aortic calcification.

Discovery-Wi

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, forearm and whole body.

Discovery-C

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, forearm, AP and lateral
imaging (single and dual energy) and visualization of abdominal
aortic calcification.

Discovery-Ci

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip and forearm.

Explorer

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip and dual hip.

4500A

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, supine lateral spine, hip, dual hip, forearm
and whole body.

4500SL

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, supine lateral spine, hip, dual hip, and
forearm.

1-2 Introducing the QDR Series System

QDR Reference Manual

Printer

Monitor

Computer

Keyboard

Control Panel

C-Arm

Table Pad

Examination TableOperator’s Console

KP1068A-0101

Front
Safety
Stop

Rear

Safety

Stop

4500W

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, forearm, and whole body.

4500C

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, and forearm.

Delphi-A

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, supine lateral spine, hip, dual hip, forearm,
whole body, AP and lateral imaging (single and dual energy) and
visualization of abdominal aortic calcification.

Delphi-SL

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, supine lateral spine, hip, dual hip, forearm,
AP and lateral imaging (single and dual energy) and visualization
of abdominal aortic calcification.

Delphi-W

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, forearm, whole body, AP and
lateral imaging (single and dual energy) and visualization of
abdominal aortic calcification.

Delphi-C

This model provides for the acquisition and analysis of scans of
the AP lumbar spine, hip, dual hip, forearm, AP and lateral
imaging (single and dual energy) and visualization of abdominal
aortic calcification.

Introducing the System Hardware Components

The QDR Series provides DXA technology in a modular design
that includes the Operator Console and Examination Table.

Figure 1-1

QDR System

Components

Note: Figure depicts Discovery-A.

Introducing the QDR Series System 1-3

QDR Reference Manual

Operator Console

The Operator Console acts as the system controller and contains
the Computer Hardware and Peripherals.

Computer Hardware and Peripherals

The computer system consists of an IBM compatible PC, monitor,
keyboard and printer.

4500 Power Module

The Power Module is used on QDR 4500 systems only and is
located in the lower back section of the Operator Console. The
Power Module contains switches on the rear and side panels for
turning the computer system and instrument power on and off. It
also includes a key for enabling generation of X-rays.

Delphi AC Power Isolation Module

Examination Table

Table Pad

The AC Power Isolation Module is used on the Delphi System
only. It is a stand-alone unit that receives AC power from the
facility and isolates it using a transformer. This protects the
system from unwanted noise and spikes.

The only control on the AC Power Isolation Module is the circuit
breaker located on the front. It provides overload protection for
the system. The only indicator is a green lamp that shows when
the circuit breaker is on and power is applied to the module.

The Examination Table is the part of the system where the scans
are performed and the data is sent to the computer. The major
components are described below.

The Table pad provides a cushion for the patient during the exam
with indicators to help align the patient during the exam.

1-4 Introducing the QDR Series System

Figure 1-2

KP1068A-0102

Table Pad (typical)

QDR Reference Manual

Table 1-1.

Tab le Pad Guides

Note: The Table Pad markings
vary with the different models.

Item Description Function

1 Scan Limit

2 Center Lines Used to center the patient on the table.

C-Arm

Note: Expl orer C- arm also contai ns
its Control Panel.

X-Ray Source and Detectors

Laser

The C-arm and table drive motors provide the table and arm
motion required to scan the X-ray beam along the patient’s body.
The C-arm contains the X-ray source, X-ray detectors and laser.

The X-rays are generated underneath the table and projected
upward. At the top of the C-arm are detectors that convert the X­rays into electronic data. This data is then sent to the computer
where it is converted to scan images.

The laser projects a red visual cross-hair indicator onto the patient
during the patient positioning procedure. The cross-hair indicator
shows the starting position of the X-ray beam.

border

Indicates the maximum scan range of
the unit. Patient positioning must be
within this border.

Introducing the QDR Series System 1-5

QDR Reference Manual

KP1068A-0402

KP1068A-0403

00158-001

Control Panel for QDR Systems

Note: Refer to Chapter 4 for a
detailed explanation of the
functions of the control panel.

The control panel for the QDR Systems contai n a set of switches
and indicators that control the movement of the table and C-Arm.
This allows the operator to help the patient on and off the table,
and permits accurate positioning of the laser.

Also, an Emergency Stop button allows the operator to halt the
scan at any point that the operator feels that the patient’s safety is
in jeopardy.

The Discovery and Explorer Control Panels

The Discovery control panel is located on the right front of the
examination table. The C, Ci, W and Wi control panel is s hown in
Figure 1-3 and the A and SL control panel is shown in Figure 1-4.

The Explorer control panel is located on the C-Arm and is shown
in Figure 1-5.

Figure 1-3

Discovery C/Ci/W/Wi

Control Panel

Figure 1-4

Discovery A/SL

Control Panel

Figure 1-5

Explorer

Control Panel

Discovery/Explorer Control Panel Switches and Indicators

The Control Panel contains the following switches and indicators:

• C-Arm Controls: Arm (left) and Arm (right) switches

• Table Controls: Table (in) and Table (out) switches

• Laser switch - light blinks when laser is on

1-6 Introducing the QDR Series System

QDR Reference Manual

Stop

X-Ray

Arm

Table

Laser

Center

Table

Patient

On/Off

KP0886-0105

Stop

X-Ray

Arm

Table

Laser

Arm

Table

Laser

Enable

Lateral

Center

Table

Patient

On/Off

Table

Emergency

KP0886-0106

• Center Table switch (also centers the C-arm)

• Patient On/Off switch

• X-ray On indicator

• Emergency Stop button

• Power switch (all models except Explorer)

• Enable Lateral switch (Discovery-A and -SL models only)

• Table Lift switch (Discovery-A and -SL models only)

The QDR 4500 and Delphi Control Panels

Note: Refer to Chapter 4 for a
detailed explanation of the
functions of the control panel.

The control panel allows the operator to control the movement of
the C-arm and table. This helps the patient to easily get on or off
the table, and permits the operator to accurately position the
laser.
Also, an Emergency Stop button allows the operator to halt the
scan at any point that the operator feels that the patient’s safety is
in jeopardy.

The QDR 4500 Control Panels

The QDR 4500 Control Panels are located on the right front of the
examination table unit.

Figure 1-6

QDR 4500 C and W

Control Panel

Figure 1-7

QDR 4500 A and SL

Control Panel

The Delphi Control Panels

The Location of the control panel for the Delphi-C and -W is on
the front of the C-arm, the location of the control panel for the
Delphi-A and -SL is on the right front of the examination table.
The Delphi Control Panels contains a series of switches, buttons,
and indicator lights. The switches control the movements and the

Introducing the QDR Series System 1-7

Figure 1-8

R

Emergency

Stop Button

KP0886-0107

EMERGENCY

X-Ray

Patient

On/Off

Table

A
R
M

Table

A
R
M

Laser

Center
Tab le

Enable

Lateral

Table Lift Stop

Power

R

KP0886-0108

Delphi-C and -W

Control Panel

Figure 1-9

Delphi-A and -SL

Control Panel

QDR Reference Manual

indicator lights inform the operator these activities are in
progress.

QDR 4500/Delphi Control Panel Switches and Indicators

The Control Panels contain the following switches and indicators:
This control panel includes:

• C-arm Left and Right switches

• Table In and Out switches

• Laser switch On/Off (light blinks when laser is on)

• Center Table switch (also centers the C-arm)

• Patient On/Off switch

• X-ray On indicator

• Emergency Stop button

• Laser On/Motion Enabled indicator (light blinks when
laser is on, Delphi-C and -W systems only)

• Instrument On/Off (Power) switch (Delphi systems only)

• Enable Lateral switch (4500A and SL, and Delphi-A and ­SL only)

• Emergency Table (Table Lift) switch (4500A and SL, and
Delphi-A and -SL only)

1-8 Introducing the QDR Series System