Hitachi HTS541616J9SA00, HTS541640J9SA00, HTS541660J9SA00, HTS541612J9SA00, HTS541680J9SA00 User Manual
Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
Hitachi Global Storage Technologies
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Hitachi Travelstar 5K160
2.5 inch SATA hard disk drive
Models: HTS541616J9SA00
HTS541612J9SA00
HTS541680J9SA00
HTS541660J9SA00
HTS541640J9SA00
Revision 1.2 12 July 2006
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
1st Edition (Revision 1.0) (31 May 2006)
2nd Edition (Revision 1.1) (02 June 2006)
3rd Edition (Revision 1.2) (12 July 2006)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such
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PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow
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This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are
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in this publication at any time.
It is possible that this publication may contain reference to, or information about, Hitachi products
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references or information must not be construed to mean that Hitachi intends to announce such
Hitachi products, programming, or services in your country.
Technical information about this product is available by contacting your local Hitachi Global Storage
Technologies representative or on the Internet at http://www.hitachigst.com
Hitachi Global Storage Technologies may have patents or pending patent applications covering
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©Copyright Hitachi Global Storage Technologies
Note to U.S. Government Users —Documentation related to restricted rights —Use, duplication or
disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with Hitachi Global
Storage Technologies.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table of Contents
GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................. 5
1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 References ...............................................................................................................................5
1.3 General caution....................................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Drive handling precautions .................................................................................................... 5
2 OUTLINE OF THE DRIVE ........................................................................................................................ 5
PART 1 FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION ........................................................................................... 5
3 FIXED DISK SUBSYSTEM DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................5
3.1 Control Electronics..................................................................................................................5
3.2 Head disk assembly data........................................................................................................5
4 FIXED DISK CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................................................................5
4.1 Formatted capacity by model number....................................................................................5
4.2 Data sheet ...............................................................................................................................5
4.3 Cylinder allocation.................................................................................................................. 5
4.4 Performance characteristics ...................................................................................................5
5 DATA INTEGRITY ..................................................................................................................................5
5.1 Data loss on power off .............................................................................................................5
5.2 Write Cache............................................................................................................................. 5
5.3 Equipment status....................................................................................................................5
5.4 WRITE safety..........................................................................................................................5
5.5 Data buffer test.......................................................................................................................5
5.6 Error recovery ......................................................................................................................... 5
5.7 Automatic reallocation............................................................................................................5
5.8 ECC .........................................................................................................................................5
6 SPECIFICATION .................................................................................................................................... 5
6.1 Environment ...........................................................................................................................5
6.2 DC power requirements..........................................................................................................5
6.3 Reliability................................................................................................................................ 5
6.4 Mechanical specifications .......................................................................................................5
6.5 Vibration and shock................................................................................................................5
6.6 Acoustics..................................................................................................................................5
6.7 Identification labels ................................................................................................................5
6.8 Electromagnetic compatibility................................................................................................ 5
6.9 Safety....................................................................................................................................... 5
6.10 Packaging ................................................................................................................................ 5
6.11 Substance restriction requirements .......................................................................................5
7 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................ 5
7.1 Cabling ....................................................................................................................................5
7.2 Interface connector.................................................................................................................. 5
7.3 Signal definitions .................................................................................................................... 5
PART 2 INTERFACE SPECIFICATION .............................................................................................. 5
8 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................5
8.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................5
8.2 Terminology............................................................................................................................. 5
9 DEVIATIONS FROM STANDARD..............................................................................................................5
10 PHYSICAL INTERFACE ........................................................................................................................5
11 REGISTERS ......................................................................................................................................... 5
11.1 Register naming convention...................................................................................................5
11.2 Command register...................................................................................................................5
11.3 Device Control Register ..........................................................................................................5
11.4 Device Register........................................................................................................................ 5
11.5 Error Register .........................................................................................................................5
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11.6 Features Register....................................................................................................................5
11.7 LBA High Register.................................................................................................................. 5
11.8 LBA Low Register ...................................................................................................................5
11.9 LBA Mid Register ...................................................................................................................5
11.10 Sector Count Register..........................................................................................................5
11.11 Status Register .................................................................................................................... 5
12 GENERAL OPERATION DESCRIPTIONS ................................................................................................5
12.1 Reset Response........................................................................................................................5
12.2 Diagnostic and Reset considerations......................................................................................5
12.3 Power-off considerations.........................................................................................................5
12.4 Sector Addressing Mode..........................................................................................................5
12.5 Power Management Feature ..................................................................................................5
12.6 Advanced Power Management (Adaptive Battery Life Extender 3) Feature .......................5
12.7 Interface Power Management Mode (Slumber and Partial).................................................. 5
12.8 S.M.A.R.T. Function ...............................................................................................................5
12.9 Security Mode Feature Set.....................................................................................................5
12.10 Protected Area Function ..................................................................................................... 5
12.11 Seek Overlap........................................................................................................................ 5
12.12 Write Cache Function..........................................................................................................5
12.13 Reassign Function ...............................................................................................................5
12.14 48-bit Address Feature Set ................................................................................................. 5
12.15 Software Setting Preservation Feature Set........................................................................ 5
12.16 Native Command Queuing.................................................................................................. 5
13 COMMAND PROTOCOL ........................................................................................................................ 5
13.1 Data In Commands.................................................................................................................5
13.2 Data Out Commands .............................................................................................................. 5
13.3 Non-Data Commands.............................................................................................................. 5
13.4 DMA Data Transfer Commands............................................................................................. 5
13.5 First-parity DMA Commands.................................................................................................5
14 COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................................................. 5
14.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h)................................................................................................. 5
14.2 Device Configuration Overlay (B1h) ...................................................................................... 5
14.3 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h) ............................................................................................5
14.4 Flush Cache (E7h)................................................................................................................... 5
14.5 Flush Cache Ext (EAh) ...........................................................................................................5
14.6 Format Track (50h: Vendor Specific) ..................................................................................... 5
14.7 Format Unit (F7h: Vendor Specific) .......................................................................................5
14.8 Identify Device (ECh)..............................................................................................................5
14.9 Idle (E3h/97h)..........................................................................................................................5
14.10 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h) ................................................................................................... 5
14.11 Initialize Device Parameters (91h) .....................................................................................5
14.12 Read Buffer (E4h)................................................................................................................5
14.13 Read DMA(C8h/C9h)........................................................................................................... 5
14.14 Read DMA Ext (25h) ........................................................................................................... 5
14.15 Read FPDMA Queued (60h)................................................................................................5
14.16 Read Log Ext(2Fh)...............................................................................................................5
14.17 Read Long (22h/23h)............................................................................................................5
14.18 Read Multiple (C4h) ............................................................................................................5
14.19 Read Multiple Ext (29h)...................................................................................................... 5
14.20 Read Native Max Address (F8h)......................................................................................... 5
14.21 Read Native Max Address Ext (27h)................................................................................... 5
14.22 Read Sector(s) (20h/21h) ..................................................................................................... 5
14.23 Read Sector(s) Ext (24h)...................................................................................................... 5
14.24 Read Verify Sector(s) (40h/41h) ..........................................................................................5
14.25 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext (42h)...........................................................................................5
14.26 Recalibrate (1xh) .................................................................................................................5
14.27 Security Disable Password (F6h)........................................................................................5
14.28 Security Erase Prepare (F3h) ............................................................................................. 5
14.29 Security Erase Unit (F4h)................................................................................................... 5
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14.30 Security Freeze Lock (F5h) .................................................................................................5
14.31 Security Set Password (F1h)...............................................................................................5
14.32 Security Unlock (F2h) .........................................................................................................5
14.33 Seek (7xh) ............................................................................................................................5
14.34 Sense Condition (F0h : vendor specific).............................................................................. 5
14.35 Set Features (EFh) ..............................................................................................................5
14.36 Set Max Address (F9h)........................................................................................................ 5
14.37 Set Max Address Ext (37h) .................................................................................................5
14.38 Set Multiple (C6h) ...............................................................................................................5
14.39 Sleep (E6h/99h).................................................................................................................... 5
14.40 S.M.A.R.T Function Set (B0h).............................................................................................5
14.41 Standby (E2h/96h)...............................................................................................................5
14.42 Standby Immediate (E0h/94h)............................................................................................ 5
14.43 Write Buffer (E8h)...............................................................................................................5
14.44 Write DMA (CAh/CBh)........................................................................................................ 5
14.45 Write DMA Ext (35h) .......................................................................................................... 5
14.46 Write DMA FUA Ext (3Dh).................................................................................................5
14.47 Write FPDMA Queued (61h)...............................................................................................5
14.48 Write Log Ext (3Fh).............................................................................................................5
14.49 Write Long (32h/33h)...........................................................................................................5
14.50 Write Multiple (C5h) ...........................................................................................................5
14.51 Write Multiple Ext (39h)..................................................................................................... 5
14.52 Write Multiple FUA Ext (CEh) ...........................................................................................5
14.53 Write Sector(s) (30h/31h) ....................................................................................................5
14.54 Write Sector(s) Ext (34h)..................................................................................................... 5
15 TIMINGS .............................................................................................................................................5
16 INDEX.................................................................................................................................................5
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
List of Figures
Figure 1. Limits of temperature and humidity 5
Figure 2. Mounting hole locations 5
Figure 3. Interface connector pin assignments 5
Figure 4. Parameter descriptions 5
Figure 5 Reset Response Table 5
Figure 6 Default Register Values 5
Figure 7 Diagnostic Codes 5
Figure 8 Reset error register values 5
Figure 9 Device’s behavior by ATA commands 5
Figure 10 Power conditions 5
Figure 11 Initial Setting 5
Figure 12 Usual Operation 5
Figure 13 Password Lost 5
Figure 14 Command table for device lock operation 5
Figure 15 Command table for device lock operation - continued 5
Figure 16 Set Max Set Password data content 5
Figure 17 Set Max security mode transition 5
Figure 18 Seek overlap 5
Figure 19 Preserved Software Setting 5
Figure 20 Command set 5
Figure 21 Command Set - continued 5
Figure 22 Command Set (Subcommand) 5
Figure 23 Check Power Mode Command (E5h/98h) 5
Figure 24 Device Configuration Overla y Command (B1h) 5
Figure 25 Device Configuration Overlay Features register values 5
Figure 26 Device Configuration Overlay Data structure 5
Figure 27 DCO error information definition 5
Figure 28 Execute Device Diagnostic Comm and (90h) 5
Figure 29 Flush Cache Command (E7h) 5
Figure 30 Flush Cache EXT Command (EAh) 5
Figure 31 Format Track Command (50h) 5
Figure 32 Format Unit Command (F7h) 5
Figure 33 Identify Device Command (ECh) 5
Figure 34 Identify device information 5
Figure 35 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 36 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 37 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 38 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 39 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 40 Identify device information 5
Figure 41 Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by models for HTS 5416X X J9S A 00 5
Figure 42 Idle Command (E3h/97h) 5
Figure 43 Idle Immediate Command (E1h/95h) 5
Figure 44 Initialize Device Parameters Command (91h) 5
Figure 45 Read Buffer Command (E4h) 5
Figure 46 Read DMA Command (C8h/C9h) 5
Figure 47 Read DMA Ext Command (25h) 5
Figure 48 Read FPDMA Queued Command (60h) 5
Figure 49 Read Log Ext Command (2Fh) 5
Figure 50 Log address definition 5
Figure 51 General purpose Log Directory 5
Figure 52 Extended comprehensive SMART error Log 5
Figure 53 Extended Error log data structure 5
Figure 54 Command data structure 5
Figure 55 Error data structure 5
Figure 56 Extended Self-test log data structure 5
Figure 57 Extended Self-test log descriptor entry 5
Figure 58 Command Error information 5
Figure 65 Read Native Max Address Ext Command (29h) 5
Figure 66 Read Sector(s) Command (20h/21h) 5
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Figure 69 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext Command (42h) 5
Figure 70 Recalibrate Command (1xh) 5
Figure 71 Security Disable Password Command (F6h) 5
Figure 72 Password Information for Security D isable Password command 5
Figure 73 Security Erase Prepare Command (F3h) 5
Figure 74 Security Erase Unit Command (F4h) 5
Figure 75 Erase Unit Information 5
Figure 76 Security Freeze Lock Comm and (F5h) 5
Figure 77 Security Set Password Command (F1h) 5
Figure 78 Security Set Password Information 5
Figure 79 Security Unlock Command (F2h) 5
Figure 80 Security Unlock Information 5
Figure 81 Seek Command (7xh) 5
Figure 82 Sense Condition Comma nd (F 0h) 5
Figure 83 Set Features Command (EFh) 5
Figure 84 Set Max Address Command (F9h) 5
Figure 85 Set Max Address Ext Command (37h) 5
Figure 86 Set Multiple Command (C6h) 5
Figure 87 Sleep Command (E6h/99h) 5
Figure 88 S.M.A.R.T. Function Set Command (B0h) 5
Figure 89 Selective self-test test span example 5
Figure 90 Log sector addresses 5
Figure 91 Device Attribute Data Structure 5
Figure 92 Individual Attribute Data Structure 5
Figure 93 Status Flag Definitions 5
Figure 94 Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure 5
Figure 95 Individual Threshold Data Structure 5
Figure 96 SMART Log Directory 5
Figure 97 S.M.A.R.T. error log sector 5
Figure 98 Error log data structure 5
Figure 99 Command data structure 5
Figure 100 Error data structure 5
Figure 101 Self-test log data structure 5
Figure 102 Selective self-test log data structure 5
Figure 103 S.M.A.R.T. Error Codes 5
Figure 104 Standby Command (E2h/96h) 5
Figure 105 Standby Immediate Command (E0h/94h) 5
Figure 106 Write Buffer Command (E8h) 5
Figure 107 Write DMA Command (CAh/CBh) 5
Figure 108 Write DMA Ext Command (35h) 5
Figure 109 Write DMA FUA Ext Command (3Dh) 5
Figure 110 Write FPDMA Queued Command (61h) 5
Figure 111 Write Log Ext Command 5
Figure 112 Write Long Command (C5h) 5
Figure 113 Write Multiple Command (C5h) 5
Figure 114 Write Multiple Ext Command (39h) 5
Figure 115 Write Multiple FUA Ext Command (CEh) 5
Figure 116 Write Sector(s) Command (30 h/31h) 5
Figure 117 Write Sector(s) Ext Command (34h) 5
Figure 118 Timeout Values 5
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
List of Tables
Table 1. Formatted capacity by model number. 5
Table 2. Data sheet 5
Table 3. Cylinder allocation 5
Table 4. Performance characteristics 5
Table 5. Mechanical positioning performance 5
Table 6. Full stroke seek time 5
Table 7. Single track seek time 5
Table 8. Latency time 5
Table 9. Drive ready time 5
Table 10. Operating mode 5
Table 11. Drive rea dy time 5
Table 12. Environmental condition 5
Table 13. Magnetic flux density limits 5
Table 14. DC Power requirements 5
Table 15. Power consumption efficiency 5
Table 16. Physical dimensions and weight 5
Table 17. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating) 5
Table 18. Swept sine vibration 5
Table 19. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating) 5
Table 20. Operating shock 5
Table 21. Nonoperating shock 5
Table 22. Weighted sound power 5
Table 23. Interface connector pins and I/O signa ls 5
Table 24. Register naming convention and correspondence 5
Table 25. Device Control Register 5
Table 26. Device Register 5
Table 27. Error Register 5
Table 28. Status Register 5
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
General
1 Introduction
This document describes the specifications of the HITACHI Travelstar 5K160, a 2.5-inch hard disk
drive with Serial ATA interface:
Drive name Model Number Capacity (GB) Height
(mm)
Travelstar
5K160-160
Travelstar
5K160-120
Travelstar
5K160-80
Travelstar
5K160-60
Travelstar
5K160-40
Part 1 of this document beginning on page 5 defines the hardware functional specification. Interface
specification is separately issued.
HTS541616J9SA00 160 9.5 5400
HTS541612J9SA00 120 9.5 5400
HTS541680J9SA00 80 9.5 5400
HTS541660J9SA00 60 9.5 5400
HTS541640J9SA00 40 9.5 5400
Rotation
speed (rpm)
1.1 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Meaning
32 KB 32 x 1024 bytes
64 KB 64 x 1024 bytes
“ inch
A amp
AC alternating current
AT Advanced Technology
ATA Advanced Technology Attachment
Bels unit of sound power
BIOS Basic Input/Output System
°C degrees Celsius
CSA Canadian Standards Association
C-UL Canadian-Underwriters Laboratory
Cyl cylinder
DC direct current
DFT Drive Fitness Test
DMA Direct Memory Access
ECC error correction code
EEC European Economic Community
EMC electromagnetic compatibility
ERP Error Recovery Procedure
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
Esd electrostatic discharge
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FRU field replacement unit
G gravity, a unit of force
Gb 1 000 000 000 bits
GB 1 000 000 000 bytes
GND ground
h hexadecimal
HDD hard disk drive
Hz hertz
I Input
ILS integrated lead suspension
imped impedance
I/O Input/Output
ISO International Standards Organization
KB 1,000 bytes
Kbit/mm 1,000 bits per mm
Kbit/sq-mm 1000 bits per square mm
KHz kilohertz
LBA logical block addressing
Lw unit of A-weighted sound power
m meter
max. or Max. maximum
MB 1,000,000 bytes
Mbps 1,000,000 Bit per second
Mb/sec 1,000,000 Bit per second
MB/sec 1,000,000 bytes per second
MHz megahertz
MLC Machine Level Control
mm millimeter
ms millisecond
us, s microsecond
Nm Newton meter
No. or # number
oct/min oscillations per minute
O Output
OD Open Drain Programmed Input/Output
PIO
POH power on hours
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
Pop. population
P/N part number
p-p peak-to-peak
PSD power spectral density
RES radiated electromagnetic susceptibility
RFI radio frequency interference
RH relative humidity
% RH per cent relative humidity
RMS root mean square
RPM revolutions per minute
RST reset
R/W read/write
sec second
Sect/Trk sectors per track
SELV secondary low voltage
S.M.A.R.T Self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology
Trk. track
TTL transistor-transistor logic
UL Underwriters Laboratory
V volt
VDE Verband Deutscher Electrotechniker
W watt
3-state transistor-transistor tristate logic
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
1.2 References
Serial ATA/High Speed Serialized AT Attachment (Reversion 1.0a 7-January-2003)
1.3 General caution
Do not apply force to the top cover (See figure below).
Do not cover the breathing hole on the top cover (See figure below).
Do not touch the interface connector pins or the surface of the printed circuit board.
The drive can be damaged by shock or ESD (Electric Static Discharge). Any damages incurred to
the drive after removing it from the shipping package and the ESD protective bag are the
responsibility of the user
1.4 Drive handling precautions
Do not press on the drive cover during handling.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
2 Outline of the drive
・ 2.5-inch, 9.5-mm Height
・ Perpendicular Recording
・ Formatted capacities of 160GB,120GB, 80GB, 60GB and 40GB
・ 512 bytes/sector
SATA Interface conforming to Serial ATA/High Speed Serialized AT Attachment(Reversion
・
1.0a 7-January-2003)
・ Integrated controller
・ No-ID recording format
・ Coding : 100/106
・ Multi zone recording
・ Enhanced
・ 10 bit 40 symbol non Interleaved Read Solomon code
・ Non interleave On-The –Fly correction
・ Included 2 symbol system ECC
・ Segmented Buffer with write cache
・ 8192 KB - Upper 441 KB is used for firmware
・ Fast data transfer rate (up to 1.5 Gbit/s)
・ Media data transfer rate (max):
・ 540 Mb/s
・ Average seek time: 11 ms for read
・ Closed-loop actuator servo (Embedded Sector Servo)
・ Rotary voice coil motor actuator
・ Load/Unload mechanism
・ Mechanical latch
・ 0.65 Watts at idle state
・ Power on to ready
・ 3.5 sec
ECC
・ Operating shock
・ 3185 m/sec2 (325 G)/2ms
・ 1568 m/sec2 (160G)/1ms
・ Nonoperating shock
・ 9800 m/sec2 (1000 G)/1ms
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Part 1 Functional Specification
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
3 Fixed disk subsystem description
3.1 Control Electronics
The control electronics works with the following functions:
SATA Interface Protocol
Embedded Sector Servo
No-ID (TM) formatting
Multizone recording
Code: 100/106
System ECC
Enhanced Adaptive Battery Life Extender
3.2 Head disk assembly data
The following technologies are used in the drive:
Femto Slider
Perpendicular recording disk and write head
GMR head
Integrated lead suspension (ILS)
Load/unload mechanism
Mechanical latch
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
4 Fixed disk characteristics
4.1 Formatted capacity by model number
Description HTS541616J9SA00
Physical Layout
Bytes per Sector 512 512
Sectors per Track 480-1272 480-1272
Number of Heads 4 4
Number of Disks 2 2
Logical Layout
Number of Heads 16 16
Number of Sectors/
Track
Number of Cylinders 16,383 16,383
Number of Sectors 312,581 ,808 234, 441,648
Total Logical Data
Bytes
Description HTS541680J9SA00
Physical Layout
Bytes per Sector 512 512 512
Sectors per Track 480-1272 480-1272 480-1272
Number of Heads 2 2 1
Number of Disks 1 1 1
Logical Layout
Number of Heads 16 16 16
Number of Sectors/
Track
Number of Cylinders 16,383 16,383 16,383
Number of Sectors 156,301,488 117,210,240 78,140,160
Total Logical Data
Bytes
Table 1. Formatted capacity by model number.
63 63
160,041,885,696 120,034,123,776
63 63 63
80,026,361,856 60,011,642,880 40,007,761,920
HTS541612J9SA00
HTS541660J9SA00 HTS541640J9SA00
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
4.2 Data sheet
Model 160GB 120GB 80GB 60GB 40GB
Rotational Speed (RPM) 5400 5400 5400 5400 5400
Data transfer rates (Max)
(buffer to/from media) (Mbps)
Data transfer rates (Mbyte/sec)
ULTRA DMA 100
Recording density (Kbit/mm) (Max)
(KBPI) (Max)
Track density (ktrack/mm)
(KTPI)
Areal density (Kbit/sq-mm.- Max)
(Gbit/sq-inch - Max)
Number of zones 24 24 24 24 24
540 466 540 466 540
100 100 100 100 100
35.5
902
5.7
146
203.8
131.5
30.2
769
5.0
128
152.7
98.5
35.5
902
5.7
146
203.8
131.5
30.2
769
5.0
128
152.7
98.5
35.5
902
5.7
146
203.8
131.5
Table 2. Data sheet
4.3 Cylinder allocation
Data format is allocated by each head characteristics. Typical format is described below.
Zone
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Table 3. Cylinder allocation
13246
17390
21164
26714
29748
33892
38036
42180
45584
49728
54538
57202
60606
64676
68080
72594
74888
78662
82436
85100
87764
0
6068
9102
80GB/p format
Cylinder
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
No. of
Sectors/Trk
6067 1116
9101 1104
13245 1080
17389 1056
21163 1032
26713 1008
29747 984
33891 960
38035 936
42179 912
45583 888
49727 864
54537 828
57201 816
60605 792
64675 768
68079 744
72593 720
74887 696
78661 672
82435 648
85099 624
87763 600
90575 576
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
4.4 Performance characteristics
Drive performance is characterized by the following parameters:
Command Overhead
Mechanical Positioning
Seek Time
Latency
Data Transfer Speed
Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write Cache)
Note: All the above parameters contribute to drive performance. There are other parameters which
contribute to the performance of the actual system. This specification defines the essential characteristics
of the drive. This specification does not include the system throughput as this is dependent upon the
system and the application.
The following table gives a typical value for each parameter. The detailed descriptions are found in
section 5.0.
Function
Average Random Seek Time - Read (ms) 11
Average Random Seek Time - Write (ms) 13
Rotational S p ee d (R P M ) 5400
Power-on-to-ready (sec) 3.5
Command overhead (ms) 1.0
Disk-buffer data transfer (Mb/s) (max) 540
Buffer-host data transfer (Gbit/s) (max ) 1.5
Table 4. Performance ch aracteristics
4.4.1 Command overhead
Command overhead time is defined as the interval from the time that a drive receives a command to the
time that the actuator starts its motion.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
4.4.2 Mechanical positioning
4.4.2.1 Average seek time (including settling)
Command Type Typical (ms) Max. (ms)
Read 11 14
Write 13 15
Table 5. Mechanical positioning performance
Typical and Max. are defined throughout the performance specification as follows:
Typical
Max.
The seek time is measured from the start of motion of the actuator to the start of a reliable rea d or write
operation. A reliable read or write operation implies that error correction/recovery is not employed to
correct arrival problems. The Average Seek Time is measured as the weighted average of all possible
seek combinations.
Σ (max. + 1 – n)(Tn
Weighted Average = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
(max. + 1)(max)
Where: max. = maximum seek length
n = seek length (1-to-max.)
Tn
Tn
Average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and voltage conditions.
Maximum value measured on any one drive over the full range of the environmental and
voltage conditions. (See section 6.1, "Environment" on page 23 and section 6.2, "DC power
requirements" on page 25)
max.
in
out
+ Tn
n=1
= inward measured seek time for an n-track seek
= outward measured seek time for an n-track seek
in
out
)
4.4.2.2 Full stroke seek
Command Type Typical (ms) Max. (ms)
Read 20.0 25.0
Write 21.0 26.0
Table 6. Full stroke seek time
Full stroke seek time in milliseconds is the average time of 1000 full stroke seeks.
4.4.2.3 Single track seek time (without command overhead, including
settling)
Command Type Typical (ms) Maximum (ms)
Read 1.0 2.0
Write 1.1 2.2
Table 7. Single track seek time
Single track seek is measured as the average of one (1) single track seek from every track in both
directions (inward and outward).
4.4.2.4 Average latency
Rotational Speed
(RPM)
5400 11.1 5.5
Table 8. Latency time
Time for one revolution
(ms)
Average Latency
(ms)
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4.4.2.5 Drive ready time
Condition Typical (sec) Max. (sec)
Power On To Ready 3.5 9.5
Table 9. Drive ready tim e
Ready
Power On To Ready
The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command
(for example—read, write) immediately.
This includes the time required for the internal self diagnostics.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
4.4.3 Operating modes
Operating mode Description
Spin-Up
Seek
Write
Read
Performance
Active idle
Low power idle
Standby
Sleep
Table 10. Operating mode
Start up time period from spindle stop or power down.
Seek operat ion mode
Write operation mode
Read operation mode
The device is capable of responding immediately to idle media access requests. All
electronic components remain powered and the full frequency servo remains
operational.
The device is capable of responding immediately to media access requests. Some
circuitry—including servo system and R/W electronics—is in power saving mode.
The head is parked near the mid-diameter the disk without servoing.
A device in Active idle mode may take longer to complete the execution of a
command because it must activate that circuitry.
The head is unloaded onto the ramp position. The spindle motor is rotating at full
speed.
The device interface is capable of accepting commands. The spindle motor is
stopped. A ll circuitry but the host interface is in power saving mode.
The execution of commands is delayed until the spindle becomes ready.
The device requires a soft reset or a hard reset to be activated. All electronics,
including spindle motor and host interface, are shut off.
4.4.3.1 Mode transition time
From To Transition
Time (typ)
Standby Idle 2.5 9.5
Table 11. Drive ready time
Transition Time
(max.)
4.4.3.2 Operating mode at power on
The device goes into Idle mode after power on or hard reset as an initial state. Initial state may be
changed to Standby mode using pin C on the interface connector. Refer to section 7.10 on page 58,
"Drive address setting" for details.
4.4.3.3 Adaptive power save control
The transient timing from Performance Idle mode to Active Idle mode and Active Idle mode to Low Power
Idle mode is controlled adaptively according to the access pattern of the host system. The transient
timing from Low Power Idle mode to Standby mode is also controlled adaptively, if it is allowed by Set
Features Enable Advanced Power Management subcommand.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
5 Data integrity
5.1 Data loss on power off
Data loss will not be caused by a power off during any operation except the write operation.
A power off during a write operation causes the loss of any received or resident data that has not
been written onto the disk media.
A power off during a write operation might make a maximum of one sector of data unreadable. This
state can be recovered by a rewrite operation.
5.2 Write Cache
When the write cache is enabled, the write command may complete before the actual disk write operation
finishes. This means that a power off, even after the write command completion, could cause the loss of
data that the drive has received but not yet written onto the disk.
In order to prevent this data loss, confirm the completion of the actual write operation prior to the power
off by issuing a
Soft reset
Hard reset
Flush Cache command
Standby command
Standby Immediate command
Sleep command
Confirm the command’s completion.
5.3 Equipment status
The equipment status is available to the host system any time the drive is not ready to read, write, or seek.
This status normally exists at the power-on time and will be maintained until the following conditions are
satisfied:
The access recalibration/tuning is complete.
The spindle speed meets the requirements for reliable operation.
The self-check of the drive is complete.
The appropriate error status is made available to the host system if any of the following conditions occur
after the drive has become ready:
The spindle speed lies outside the requirements for reliable operation.
The occurrence of a Write Fault condition.
5.4 WRITE safety
The drive ensures that the data is written into the disk media properly. The following conditions are
monitored during a write operation. When one of these conditions exceeds the criteria, the write operation
is terminated and the automatic retry sequence is invoked.
Head off track
External shock
Low supply voltage
Spindle speed out of tolerance
Head open/short
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
5.5 Data buffer test
The data buffer is tested at power on reset and when a drive self-test is requested by the host. The test
consists of a write/read '00'x and 'ff'x pattern on all buffers.
5.6 Error recovery
Errors occurring on the drive are handled by the error recovery procedure.
Errors that are uncorrectable after application of the error recovery procedure are reported to the host
system as nonrecoverable errors.
5.7 Automatic reallocation
The sectors that show some errors may be reallocated automatically when specific conditions are met.
The drive does not report any auto reallocation to the host system. The conditions for auto reallocation
are described below.
5.7.1 Nonrecovered write errors
When a write operation cannot be completed after the Error Recovery Procedure (ERP) is fully carried out,
the sectors are reallocated to the spare location. An error is reported to the host system only when the
write cache is di s a bl ed and the auto realloc at i o n ha s fai l e d.
5.7.2 Nonrecoverable read error
When a read operation fails after ERP is fully carried out, a hard error is reported to the host system. This
location is registered internally as a candidate for the reallocation. When a registered location is specified
as a target of a write operation, a sequence of media verification is performed automatically. When the
result of this verification meets the required criteria, this sector is reallocated.
5.7.3 Recovered read errors
When a read operation for a sector fails and is recovered at the specific ERP step, the sector is
reallocated automatically. A media verification sequence may be run prior to the reallocation according to
the predefined conditions.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
5.8 ECC
The 10 bit 40 symbol non interleaved ECC processor provides user data verification and correction
capability. The first 6 symbol of ECC are 4 check symbols for user data and the 2 symbol system ECC.
The other 34 symbols are Read Solomon ECC. Hardware logic corrects up to 16 symbols(20 bytes)
errors on-th e- fly.
2 symbol System ECC is generated when HDC receives user data from HOST, and can correct up to 1
symbol(10bit) errors on-the-fly when one transfers to HOST.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
6 Specification
6.1 Environment
6.1.1 Temperature and humidity
Operating conditions
Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb temperature
Maximum temperature gradient
Altitude
Nonoperating conditions
Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb temperature
Maximum temperature gradient
Altitude
Table 12. Environmental condition
The system is responsible for providing sufficient air movement to maintain surface temperatures below
60°C at the center of top cover and below 63°C at the center of the drive circuit board assembly.
The maximum storage period in the shipping package is one year.
5 to 55°C (See note below)
8 to 90% nonconde nsing
29.4°C noncondensing
20°C/hour
–300 to 3048 m (10,000 ft)
–40 to 65°C
5 to 95% nonconde nsing
40°C noncon densing
20°C/hour
–300 to 12,192 m (40,000 ft)
Specification (Environment)
100
90
80
70
60
Non Operating
50
40
Relative Humidity (%)
30
20
10
0
-45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65
Temperature (degC)
Figure 1. Limits of temperature and humidity
6.1.2 Corrosion test
31'C/90%
Operating
41'C/95%
W etBulb 40'C
W etBulb29.4'C
65'C/23%
55'C/15%
The hard disk drive must be functional and show no signs of corrosion after being exposed to a
temperatur e h um idity stress of 50° C / 9 0 % R H (r el a t i ve humidity) for one week followed by a t em pe r at ure
and humidity drop to 25'C/40%RH in 2 hours.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.1.3 Radiation noise
The disk drive shall work without degradation of the soft error rate under the following magnetic flux
density limits at the enclosure surface.
Frequency (KHz) Limits (uT RMS)
0–60 500
61–100 250
101–200 100
201–400 50
Table 13. Magnetic flux density limits
6.1.4 Conductive noise
The disk drive shall work wi thout soft error degradati on in the frequency range from DC to 20 Mhz
injected through any two of the mounting screw holes of the drive when an AC current of up to 45 mA
(p-p) is applied through a 50-ohm resistor connected to any two mounting screw holes.
6.1.5 Magnetic fields
The disk drive will withstand radiation and conductive noise within the limits shown below. The test
method is defined in the Noise Susceptibility Test Method specification, P/N 95F3944.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.2 DC power requirements
Connection to the product should be made in a safety extra low voltage (SELV) circuits. The voltage
specifications are applied at the power connector of the drive.
Item Requirements
Nominal supply +5 Volt dc
Supply voltage –0.3 Volt to 6.0 Vol t
Power supply ripple (0–20
1
MHz)
Tolerance 2
Supply rise time 1–100 ms
Watts (RMS Typical)
Performanc e I dl e av erage 3
Active Idle average 0.85
Low Power Idle average 0.65
Read average 4
Write average 1.8
Seek average 5
Standby 0.25
Sleep 0.2
Startup (maximum peak) 6
Average from power on to
ready
Table 14. DC Power requirements
7
100 mV p-p max.
±5%
2.0
1.8
2.2
5.0
3.8
Footnotes:
1. The maximum fixed disk ripple is measured at the 5 volt input of the drive.
2. The disk drive shall not incur damage for an over voltage condition of +25% (maximum
3. The idle current is specified at an inner track.
4. The read/write current is specified based on three operations of 63 sector read/write per
5. The seek average current is specified based on three operations per 100 ms.
6. The worst case operating current includes motor surge.
7. “Typical” mean average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and
duration of 20 ms) on the 5 volt nominal supply.
100 ms.
voltage condi t i o ns .
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.2.1 Power consumption efficiency
Capacity 160GB 120GB 80GB 60GB 40GB
Power Consumption Efficiency
(Watts/GB)
0.0041 0.0054 0.0081 0.0108 0.0163
Table 15. Power consumption efficiency
Note: Power consumption efficiency is calculated as Power Consumption of Low Power Idle Watt/
Capacity (GB).
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.3 Reliability
6.3.1 Data reliability
Probability of not recovering data is 1 in 10
ECC implementation
On-the-fly correction performed as a part of read channel function recovers up to 16 symbols of error in 1
sector (1 symbol is 10 bits).
13
bits read
6.3.2 Failure prediction (S.M.A.R.T.)
The drive supports Self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology (S.M.A.R.T.) function. The details
are described in section 11.8, "S.M.A.R.T. Function" on page 84 and in Section 13.32, "S.M.A.R.T.
Function Set (B0h)" on page 163.
6.3.3 Cable noise interference
To avoid any degradation of performance throughput or error when the interface cable is routed on top or
comes in contact with the HDA assembly, the drive must be grounded electrically to the system frame by
four screws. The common mode noise or voltage level difference between the system frame and power
cable ground or AT interface cable ground should be in the allowable level specified in the power
requirement section.
6.3.4 Service life and usage condition
The drive is designed to be used under the following conditions:
The drive should be operated within specifications of shock, vibration, temperature, humidity, altitude,
and magnetic fi el d .
The drive should be protected from ESD.
The breathing hole in the top cover of the drive should not be covered.
Force should not be applied to the cover of the drive.
The specified power requirements of the drive should be satisfied.
The drive frame should be grounded electrically to the system through four screws.
The drive should be mounted with the recommended screw depth and torque.
The interface physical and electrical re quirements of the drive should satisfy ATA-6.
The power-off sequence of the drive should comply with the 6.4.6.2,"Required power-off
sequence.”
Service life of the drive is approximately 5 years or 20,000 power on hours, whichever comes first, under
the following assumptions:
Less than 333 power on hours per month.
Seeking/Writing/Reading operation is less than 20% of power on hours.
This does not represent any warranty or warranty period. Applicable warranty and warranty period are
covered by the purchase agreement.
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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.3.5 Preventive maintenance
None.
6.3.6 Load/unload
The product supports a minimum of 600,000 normal load/unloads.
Load/unload is a functional mechanism of the hard disk drive. It is controlled by the drive micro code.
Specifically, unloading of the heads is invoked by the following commands:
COMRESET
Standby
Standby immediate
Sleep
Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.
The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, not in
emergency mode.
6.3.6.1 Emergency unload
When hard disk drive power is interrupted while the heads are still loaded the micro code cannot operate
and the normal 5-volt power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not
possible. The heads are unloaded by routing the back EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The
actuator velocity is greater than the normal case and the unload process is inherently less controllable
without a normal seek current profile.
Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently
uncontrolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.
The drive supports a minimum of 20,000 emergency unloads.
6.3.6.2 Required Power-Off Sequence
The required host system sequence for removing power from the drive is as follows:
Step 1: Issue one of the following commands.
Standby
Standby immediate
Sleep
Note: Do not use the Flush Cache command for the power off sequence because this command
does not invoke Unload.
Step 2: Wait until the Command C omplete status is returned.
In a typical case 350 ms are required for the command to finish completion; however, the host system
time out value needs to be 30 seconds considering error recovery time. Refer to section 14.0,
"Time-out values," on page 193.
Step 3: Terminate power to HDD.
This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, system
suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is limited
to rare scenarios, such as battery removal during operation.
6.3.6.3 Power switch design considerations
In systems that use the Travelstar 5K160 consideration should be given to the design of the system
power switch.
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