Hitachi HTS541616J9SA00, HTS541640J9SA00, HTS541660J9SA00, HTS541612J9SA00, HTS541680J9SA00 User Manual

Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Hitachi Global Storage Technologies

Hard Disk Drive Specification

Hitachi Travelstar 5K160

2.5 inch SATA hard disk drive

Models: HTS541616J9SA00
HTS541612J9SA00

HTS541680J9SA00
HTS541660J9SA00
HTS541640J9SA00

Revision 1.2 12 July 2006

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

1st Edition (Revision 1.0) (31 May 2006)

2nd Edition (Revision 1.1) (02 June 2006)

3rd Edition (Revision 1.2) (12 July 2006)

The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such
provisions are inconsistent with local law: HITACHI GLOBAL STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES
PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow
disclaimer or express or implied warranties in certain transactions, therefore, this statement may
not apply to you.

This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are
periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of
the publication. Hitachi may make improvements or changes in any products or programs described
in this publication at any time.

It is possible that this publication may contain reference to, or information about, Hitachi products
(machines and programs), programming, or services that are not announced in your country. Such
references or information must not be construed to mean that Hitachi intends to announce such
Hitachi products, programming, or services in your country.

Technical information about this product is available by contacting your local Hitachi Global Storage
Technologies representative or on the Internet at http://www.hitachigst.com

Hitachi Global Storage Technologies may have patents or pending patent applications covering
subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to
these patents.

©Copyright Hitachi Global Storage Technologies

Note to U.S. Government Users —Documentation related to restricted rights —Use, duplication or
disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with Hitachi Global
Storage Technologies.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Table of Contents

GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................. 5

1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................5

1.1 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... 5

1.2 References ...............................................................................................................................5

1.3 General caution....................................................................................................................... 5

1.4 Drive handling precautions .................................................................................................... 5

2 OUTLINE OF THE DRIVE ........................................................................................................................ 5

PART 1 FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION ........................................................................................... 5

3 FIXED DISK SUBSYSTEM DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................5

3.1 Control Electronics..................................................................................................................5

3.2 Head disk assembly data........................................................................................................5

4 FIXED DISK CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................................................................5

4.1 Formatted capacity by model number....................................................................................5

4.2 Data sheet ...............................................................................................................................5

4.3 Cylinder allocation.................................................................................................................. 5

4.4 Performance characteristics ...................................................................................................5

5 DATA INTEGRITY ..................................................................................................................................5

5.1 Data loss on power off .............................................................................................................5

5.2 Write Cache............................................................................................................................. 5

5.3 Equipment status....................................................................................................................5

5.4 WRITE safety..........................................................................................................................5

5.5 Data buffer test.......................................................................................................................5

5.6 Error recovery ......................................................................................................................... 5

5.7 Automatic reallocation............................................................................................................5

5.8 ECC .........................................................................................................................................5

6 SPECIFICATION .................................................................................................................................... 5

6.1 Environment ...........................................................................................................................5

6.2 DC power requirements..........................................................................................................5

6.3 Reliability................................................................................................................................ 5

6.4 Mechanical specifications .......................................................................................................5

6.5 Vibration and shock................................................................................................................5

6.6 Acoustics..................................................................................................................................5

6.7 Identification labels ................................................................................................................5

6.8 Electromagnetic compatibility................................................................................................ 5

6.9 Safety....................................................................................................................................... 5

6.10 Packaging ................................................................................................................................ 5

6.11 Substance restriction requirements .......................................................................................5

7 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................ 5

7.1 Cabling ....................................................................................................................................5

7.2 Interface connector.................................................................................................................. 5

7.3 Signal definitions .................................................................................................................... 5

PART 2 INTERFACE SPECIFICATION .............................................................................................. 5

8 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................5

8.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................5

8.2 Terminology............................................................................................................................. 5

9 DEVIATIONS FROM STANDARD..............................................................................................................5

10 PHYSICAL INTERFACE ........................................................................................................................5

11 REGISTERS ......................................................................................................................................... 5

11.1 Register naming convention...................................................................................................5

11.2 Command register...................................................................................................................5

11.3 Device Control Register ..........................................................................................................5

11.4 Device Register........................................................................................................................ 5

11.5 Error Register .........................................................................................................................5

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11.6 Features Register....................................................................................................................5

11.7 LBA High Register.................................................................................................................. 5

11.8 LBA Low Register ...................................................................................................................5

11.9 LBA Mid Register ...................................................................................................................5

11.10 Sector Count Register..........................................................................................................5

11.11 Status Register .................................................................................................................... 5

12 GENERAL OPERATION DESCRIPTIONS ................................................................................................5

12.1 Reset Response........................................................................................................................5

12.2 Diagnostic and Reset considerations......................................................................................5

12.3 Power-off considerations.........................................................................................................5

12.4 Sector Addressing Mode..........................................................................................................5

12.5 Power Management Feature ..................................................................................................5

12.6 Advanced Power Management (Adaptive Battery Life Extender 3) Feature .......................5

12.7 Interface Power Management Mode (Slumber and Partial).................................................. 5

12.8 S.M.A.R.T. Function ...............................................................................................................5

12.9 Security Mode Feature Set.....................................................................................................5

12.10 Protected Area Function ..................................................................................................... 5

12.11 Seek Overlap........................................................................................................................ 5

12.12 Write Cache Function..........................................................................................................5

12.13 Reassign Function ...............................................................................................................5

12.14 48-bit Address Feature Set ................................................................................................. 5

12.15 Software Setting Preservation Feature Set........................................................................ 5

12.16 Native Command Queuing.................................................................................................. 5

13 COMMAND PROTOCOL ........................................................................................................................ 5

13.1 Data In Commands.................................................................................................................5

13.2 Data Out Commands .............................................................................................................. 5

13.3 Non-Data Commands.............................................................................................................. 5

13.4 DMA Data Transfer Commands............................................................................................. 5

13.5 First-parity DMA Commands.................................................................................................5

14 COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................................................. 5

14.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h)................................................................................................. 5

14.2 Device Configuration Overlay (B1h) ...................................................................................... 5

14.3 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h) ............................................................................................5

14.4 Flush Cache (E7h)................................................................................................................... 5

14.5 Flush Cache Ext (EAh) ...........................................................................................................5

14.6 Format Track (50h: Vendor Specific) ..................................................................................... 5

14.7 Format Unit (F7h: Vendor Specific) .......................................................................................5

14.8 Identify Device (ECh)..............................................................................................................5

14.9 Idle (E3h/97h)..........................................................................................................................5

14.10 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h) ................................................................................................... 5

14.11 Initialize Device Parameters (91h) .....................................................................................5

14.12 Read Buffer (E4h)................................................................................................................5

14.13 Read DMA(C8h/C9h)........................................................................................................... 5

14.14 Read DMA Ext (25h) ........................................................................................................... 5

14.15 Read FPDMA Queued (60h)................................................................................................5

14.16 Read Log Ext(2Fh)...............................................................................................................5

14.17 Read Long (22h/23h)............................................................................................................5

14.18 Read Multiple (C4h) ............................................................................................................5

14.19 Read Multiple Ext (29h)...................................................................................................... 5

14.20 Read Native Max Address (F8h)......................................................................................... 5

14.21 Read Native Max Address Ext (27h)................................................................................... 5

14.22 Read Sector(s) (20h/21h) ..................................................................................................... 5

14.23 Read Sector(s) Ext (24h)...................................................................................................... 5

14.24 Read Verify Sector(s) (40h/41h) ..........................................................................................5

14.25 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext (42h)...........................................................................................5

14.26 Recalibrate (1xh) .................................................................................................................5

14.27 Security Disable Password (F6h)........................................................................................5

14.28 Security Erase Prepare (F3h) ............................................................................................. 5

14.29 Security Erase Unit (F4h)................................................................................................... 5

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14.30 Security Freeze Lock (F5h) .................................................................................................5

14.31 Security Set Password (F1h)...............................................................................................5

14.32 Security Unlock (F2h) .........................................................................................................5

14.33 Seek (7xh) ............................................................................................................................5

14.34 Sense Condition (F0h : vendor specific).............................................................................. 5

14.35 Set Features (EFh) ..............................................................................................................5

14.36 Set Max Address (F9h)........................................................................................................ 5

14.37 Set Max Address Ext (37h) .................................................................................................5

14.38 Set Multiple (C6h) ...............................................................................................................5

14.39 Sleep (E6h/99h).................................................................................................................... 5

14.40 S.M.A.R.T Function Set (B0h).............................................................................................5

14.41 Standby (E2h/96h)...............................................................................................................5

14.42 Standby Immediate (E0h/94h)............................................................................................ 5

14.43 Write Buffer (E8h)...............................................................................................................5

14.44 Write DMA (CAh/CBh)........................................................................................................ 5

14.45 Write DMA Ext (35h) .......................................................................................................... 5

14.46 Write DMA FUA Ext (3Dh).................................................................................................5

14.47 Write FPDMA Queued (61h)...............................................................................................5

14.48 Write Log Ext (3Fh).............................................................................................................5

14.49 Write Long (32h/33h)...........................................................................................................5

14.50 Write Multiple (C5h) ...........................................................................................................5

14.51 Write Multiple Ext (39h)..................................................................................................... 5

14.52 Write Multiple FUA Ext (CEh) ...........................................................................................5

14.53 Write Sector(s) (30h/31h) ....................................................................................................5

14.54 Write Sector(s) Ext (34h)..................................................................................................... 5

15 TIMINGS .............................................................................................................................................5

16 INDEX.................................................................................................................................................5

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

List of Figures

Figure 1. Limits of temperature and humidity 5
Figure 2. Mounting hole locations 5
Figure 3. Interface connector pin assignments 5
Figure 4. Parameter descriptions 5
Figure 5 Reset Response Table 5
Figure 6 Default Register Values 5
Figure 7 Diagnostic Codes 5
Figure 8 Reset error register values 5
Figure 9 Device’s behavior by ATA commands 5
Figure 10 Power conditions 5
Figure 11 Initial Setting 5
Figure 12 Usual Operation 5
Figure 13 Password Lost 5
Figure 14 Command table for device lock operation 5
Figure 15 Command table for device lock operation - continued 5
Figure 16 Set Max Set Password data content 5
Figure 17 Set Max security mode transition 5
Figure 18 Seek overlap 5
Figure 19 Preserved Software Setting 5
Figure 20 Command set 5
Figure 21 Command Set - continued 5
Figure 22 Command Set (Subcommand) 5
Figure 23 Check Power Mode Command (E5h/98h) 5
Figure 24 Device Configuration Overla y Command (B1h) 5
Figure 25 Device Configuration Overlay Features register values 5
Figure 26 Device Configuration Overlay Data structure 5
Figure 27 DCO error information definition 5
Figure 28 Execute Device Diagnostic Comm and (90h) 5
Figure 29 Flush Cache Command (E7h) 5
Figure 30 Flush Cache EXT Command (EAh) 5
Figure 31 Format Track Command (50h) 5
Figure 32 Format Unit Command (F7h) 5
Figure 33 Identify Device Command (ECh) 5
Figure 34 Identify device information 5
Figure 35 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 36 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 37 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 38 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 39 Identify device information --- Continued --- 5
Figure 40 Identify device information 5
Figure 41 Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by models for HTS 5416X X J9S A 00 5
Figure 42 Idle Command (E3h/97h) 5
Figure 43 Idle Immediate Command (E1h/95h) 5
Figure 44 Initialize Device Parameters Command (91h) 5
Figure 45 Read Buffer Command (E4h) 5
Figure 46 Read DMA Command (C8h/C9h) 5
Figure 47 Read DMA Ext Command (25h) 5
Figure 48 Read FPDMA Queued Command (60h) 5
Figure 49 Read Log Ext Command (2Fh) 5
Figure 50 Log address definition 5
Figure 51 General purpose Log Directory 5
Figure 52 Extended comprehensive SMART error Log 5
Figure 53 Extended Error log data structure 5
Figure 54 Command data structure 5
Figure 55 Error data structure 5
Figure 56 Extended Self-test log data structure 5
Figure 57 Extended Self-test log descriptor entry 5
Figure 58 Command Error information 5
Figure 65 Read Native Max Address Ext Command (29h) 5
Figure 66 Read Sector(s) Command (20h/21h) 5

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Figure 69 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext Command (42h) 5
Figure 70 Recalibrate Command (1xh) 5
Figure 71 Security Disable Password Command (F6h) 5
Figure 72 Password Information for Security D isable Password command 5
Figure 73 Security Erase Prepare Command (F3h) 5
Figure 74 Security Erase Unit Command (F4h) 5
Figure 75 Erase Unit Information 5
Figure 76 Security Freeze Lock Comm and (F5h) 5
Figure 77 Security Set Password Command (F1h) 5
Figure 78 Security Set Password Information 5
Figure 79 Security Unlock Command (F2h) 5
Figure 80 Security Unlock Information 5
Figure 81 Seek Command (7xh) 5
Figure 82 Sense Condition Comma nd (F 0h) 5
Figure 83 Set Features Command (EFh) 5
Figure 84 Set Max Address Command (F9h) 5
Figure 85 Set Max Address Ext Command (37h) 5
Figure 86 Set Multiple Command (C6h) 5
Figure 87 Sleep Command (E6h/99h) 5
Figure 88 S.M.A.R.T. Function Set Command (B0h) 5
Figure 89 Selective self-test test span example 5
Figure 90 Log sector addresses 5
Figure 91 Device Attribute Data Structure 5
Figure 92 Individual Attribute Data Structure 5
Figure 93 Status Flag Definitions 5
Figure 94 Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure 5
Figure 95 Individual Threshold Data Structure 5
Figure 96 SMART Log Directory 5
Figure 97 S.M.A.R.T. error log sector 5
Figure 98 Error log data structure 5
Figure 99 Command data structure 5
Figure 100 Error data structure 5
Figure 101 Self-test log data structure 5
Figure 102 Selective self-test log data structure 5
Figure 103 S.M.A.R.T. Error Codes 5
Figure 104 Standby Command (E2h/96h) 5
Figure 105 Standby Immediate Command (E0h/94h) 5
Figure 106 Write Buffer Command (E8h) 5
Figure 107 Write DMA Command (CAh/CBh) 5
Figure 108 Write DMA Ext Command (35h) 5
Figure 109 Write DMA FUA Ext Command (3Dh) 5
Figure 110 Write FPDMA Queued Command (61h) 5
Figure 111 Write Log Ext Command 5
Figure 112 Write Long Command (C5h) 5
Figure 113 Write Multiple Command (C5h) 5
Figure 114 Write Multiple Ext Command (39h) 5
Figure 115 Write Multiple FUA Ext Command (CEh) 5
Figure 116 Write Sector(s) Command (30 h/31h) 5
Figure 117 Write Sector(s) Ext Command (34h) 5
Figure 118 Timeout Values 5

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

List of Tables

Table 1. Formatted capacity by model number. 5
Table 2. Data sheet 5
Table 3. Cylinder allocation 5
Table 4. Performance characteristics 5
Table 5. Mechanical positioning performance 5
Table 6. Full stroke seek time 5
Table 7. Single track seek time 5
Table 8. Latency time 5
Table 9. Drive ready time 5
Table 10. Operating mode 5
Table 11. Drive rea dy time 5
Table 12. Environmental condition 5
Table 13. Magnetic flux density limits 5
Table 14. DC Power requirements 5
Table 15. Power consumption efficiency 5
Table 16. Physical dimensions and weight 5
Table 17. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating) 5
Table 18. Swept sine vibration 5
Table 19. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating) 5
Table 20. Operating shock 5
Table 21. Nonoperating shock 5
Table 22. Weighted sound power 5
Table 23. Interface connector pins and I/O signa ls 5
Table 24. Register naming convention and correspondence 5
Table 25. Device Control Register 5
Table 26. Device Register 5
Table 27. Error Register 5
Table 28. Status Register 5

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

General

1 Introduction

This document describes the specifications of the HITACHI Travelstar 5K160, a 2.5-inch hard disk
drive with Serial ATA interface:

Drive name Model Number Capacity (GB) Height

(mm)

Travelstar

5K160-160

Travelstar

5K160-120

Travelstar
5K160-80
Travelstar
5K160-60
Travelstar
5K160-40

Part 1 of this document beginning on page 5 defines the hardware functional specification. Interface
specification is separately issued.

HTS541616J9SA00 160 9.5 5400
HTS541612J9SA00 120 9.5 5400
HTS541680J9SA00 80 9.5 5400
HTS541660J9SA00 60 9.5 5400
HTS541640J9SA00 40 9.5 5400

Rotation

speed (rpm)

1.1 Abbreviations

Abbreviation Meaning

32 KB 32 x 1024 bytes

64 KB 64 x 1024 bytes

“ inch

A amp

AC alternating current

AT Advanced Technology

ATA Advanced Technology Attachment

Bels unit of sound power

BIOS Basic Input/Output System

°C degrees Celsius

CSA Canadian Standards Association

C-UL Canadian-Underwriters Laboratory

Cyl cylinder

DC direct current

DFT Drive Fitness Test

DMA Direct Memory Access

ECC error correction code

EEC European Economic Community

EMC electromagnetic compatibility

ERP Error Recovery Procedure

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Esd electrostatic discharge

FCC Federal Communications Commission

FRU field replacement unit

G gravity, a unit of force

Gb 1 000 000 000 bits

GB 1 000 000 000 bytes

GND ground

h hexadecimal

HDD hard disk drive

Hz hertz

I Input

ILS integrated lead suspension

imped impedance

I/O Input/Output

ISO International Standards Organization

KB 1,000 bytes

Kbit/mm 1,000 bits per mm

Kbit/sq-mm 1000 bits per square mm

KHz kilohertz

LBA logical block addressing

Lw unit of A-weighted sound power

m meter

max. or Max. maximum

MB 1,000,000 bytes

Mbps 1,000,000 Bit per second

Mb/sec 1,000,000 Bit per second

MB/sec 1,000,000 bytes per second

MHz megahertz

MLC Machine Level Control

mm millimeter

ms millisecond

us, s microsecond

Nm Newton meter

No. or # number

oct/min oscillations per minute

O Output

OD Open Drain Programmed Input/Output

PIO

POH power on hours

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Pop. population

P/N part number

p-p peak-to-peak

PSD power spectral density

RES radiated electromagnetic susceptibility

RFI radio frequency interference

RH relative humidity

% RH per cent relative humidity

RMS root mean square

RPM revolutions per minute

RST reset

R/W read/write

sec second

Sect/Trk sectors per track

SELV secondary low voltage

S.M.A.R.T Self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology

Trk. track

TTL transistor-transistor logic

UL Underwriters Laboratory

V volt

VDE Verband Deutscher Electrotechniker

W watt

3-state transistor-transistor tristate logic

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

1.2 References

Serial ATA/High Speed Serialized AT Attachment (Reversion 1.0a 7-January-2003)

1.3 General caution

Do not apply force to the top cover (See figure below).

Do not cover the breathing hole on the top cover (See figure below).

Do not touch the interface connector pins or the surface of the printed circuit board.

The drive can be damaged by shock or ESD (Electric Static Discharge). Any damages incurred to
the drive after removing it from the shipping package and the ESD protective bag are the
responsibility of the user

1.4 Drive handling precautions

Do not press on the drive cover during handling.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

2 Outline of the drive

・ 2.5-inch, 9.5-mm Height

・ Perpendicular Recording

・ Formatted capacities of 160GB,120GB, 80GB, 60GB and 40GB

・ 512 bytes/sector

SATA Interface conforming to Serial ATA/High Speed Serialized AT Attachment(Reversion

・

1.0a 7-January-2003)

・ Integrated controller

・ No-ID recording format

・ Coding : 100/106

・ Multi zone recording

・ Enhanced

・ 10 bit 40 symbol non Interleaved Read Solomon code

・ Non interleave On-The –Fly correction

・ Included 2 symbol system ECC

・ Segmented Buffer with write cache

・ 8192 KB - Upper 441 KB is used for firmware

・ Fast data transfer rate (up to 1.5 Gbit/s)

・ Media data transfer rate (max):

・ 540 Mb/s

・ Average seek time: 11 ms for read

・ Closed-loop actuator servo (Embedded Sector Servo)

・ Rotary voice coil motor actuator

・ Load/Unload mechanism

・ Mechanical latch

・ 0.65 Watts at idle state

・ Power on to ready

・ 3.5 sec

ECC

・ Operating shock

・ 3185 m/sec2 (325 G)/2ms

・ 1568 m/sec2 (160G)/1ms

・ Nonoperating shock

・ 9800 m/sec2 (1000 G)/1ms

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Part 1 Functional Specification

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

3 Fixed disk subsystem description

3.1 Control Electronics

The control electronics works with the following functions:

 SATA Interface Protocol
 Embedded Sector Servo
 No-ID (TM) formatting
 Multizone recording
 Code: 100/106
 System ECC
 Enhanced Adaptive Battery Life Extender

3.2 Head disk assembly data

The following technologies are used in the drive:

 Femto Slider
 Perpendicular recording disk and write head
 GMR head
 Integrated lead suspension (ILS)
 Load/unload mechanism
 Mechanical latch

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

4 Fixed disk characteristics

4.1 Formatted capacity by model number

Description HTS541616J9SA00

Physical Layout

Bytes per Sector 512 512
Sectors per Track 480-1272 480-1272
Number of Heads 4 4
Number of Disks 2 2
Logical Layout

Number of Heads 16 16
Number of Sectors/
Track
Number of Cylinders 16,383 16,383
Number of Sectors 312,581 ,808 234, 441,648
Total Logical Data
Bytes

Description HTS541680J9SA00

Physical Layout

Bytes per Sector 512 512 512
Sectors per Track 480-1272 480-1272 480-1272
Number of Heads 2 2 1
Number of Disks 1 1 1
Logical Layout

Number of Heads 16 16 16
Number of Sectors/
Track
Number of Cylinders 16,383 16,383 16,383
Number of Sectors 156,301,488 117,210,240 78,140,160
Total Logical Data
Bytes

Table 1. Formatted capacity by model number.

63 63

160,041,885,696 120,034,123,776

63 63 63

80,026,361,856 60,011,642,880 40,007,761,920

HTS541612J9SA00

HTS541660J9SA00 HTS541640J9SA00

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

4.2 Data sheet

Model 160GB 120GB 80GB 60GB 40GB
Rotational Speed (RPM) 5400 5400 5400 5400 5400

Data transfer rates (Max)
(buffer to/from media) (Mbps)
Data transfer rates (Mbyte/sec)
ULTRA DMA 100
Recording density (Kbit/mm) (Max)
(KBPI) (Max)
Track density (ktrack/mm)
(KTPI)
Areal density (Kbit/sq-mm.- Max)
(Gbit/sq-inch - Max)
Number of zones 24 24 24 24 24

540 466 540 466 540
100 100 100 100 100

35.5
902

5.7
146

203.8

131.5

30.2
769

5.0
128

152.7

98.5

35.5
902

5.7
146

203.8

131.5

30.2
769

5.0
128

152.7

98.5

35.5
902

5.7
146

203.8

131.5

Table 2. Data sheet

4.3 Cylinder allocation

Data format is allocated by each head characteristics. Typical format is described below.

Zone

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Table 3. Cylinder allocation

13246
17390
21164
26714
29748
33892
38036
42180
45584
49728
54538
57202
60606
64676
68080
72594
74888
78662
82436
85100
87764

0
6068
9102

80GB/p format

Cylinder

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

No. of

Sectors/Trk

6067 1116

9101 1104
13245 1080
17389 1056
21163 1032
26713 1008
29747 984
33891 960
38035 936
42179 912
45583 888
49727 864
54537 828
57201 816
60605 792
64675 768
68079 744
72593 720
74887 696
78661 672
82435 648
85099 624
87763 600
90575 576

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

4.4 Performance characteristics

Drive performance is characterized by the following parameters:

 Command Overhead
 Mechanical Positioning

 Seek Time

 Latency
 Data Transfer Speed
 Buffering Operation (Look ahead/Write Cache)

Note: All the above parameters contribute to drive performance. There are other parameters which
contribute to the performance of the actual system. This specification defines the essential characteristics
of the drive. This specification does not include the system throughput as this is dependent upon the
system and the application.

The following table gives a typical value for each parameter. The detailed descriptions are found in
section 5.0.

Function

Average Random Seek Time - Read (ms) 11
Average Random Seek Time - Write (ms) 13
Rotational S p ee d (R P M ) 5400
Power-on-to-ready (sec) 3.5
Command overhead (ms) 1.0
Disk-buffer data transfer (Mb/s) (max) 540
Buffer-host data transfer (Gbit/s) (max ) 1.5

Table 4. Performance ch aracteristics

4.4.1 Command overhead

Command overhead time is defined as the interval from the time that a drive receives a command to the
time that the actuator starts its motion.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

4.4.2 Mechanical positioning

4.4.2.1 Average seek time (including settling)

Command Type Typical (ms) Max. (ms)

Read 11 14
Write 13 15

Table 5. Mechanical positioning performance

Typical and Max. are defined throughout the performance specification as follows:

Typical
Max.

The seek time is measured from the start of motion of the actuator to the start of a reliable rea d or write
operation. A reliable read or write operation implies that error correction/recovery is not employed to
correct arrival problems. The Average Seek Time is measured as the weighted average of all possible
seek combinations.

Σ (max. + 1 – n)(Tn
Weighted Average = ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

(max. + 1)(max)
Where: max. = maximum seek length

n = seek length (1-to-max.)
Tn
Tn

Average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and voltage conditions.
Maximum value measured on any one drive over the full range of the environmental and
voltage conditions. (See section 6.1, "Environment" on page 23 and section 6.2, "DC power
requirements" on page 25)

max.

in
out

+ Tn

n=1

= inward measured seek time for an n-track seek
= outward measured seek time for an n-track seek

in

out

)

4.4.2.2 Full stroke seek

Command Type Typical (ms) Max. (ms)

Read 20.0 25.0
Write 21.0 26.0

Table 6. Full stroke seek time

Full stroke seek time in milliseconds is the average time of 1000 full stroke seeks.

4.4.2.3 Single track seek time (without command overhead, including

settling)

Command Type Typical (ms) Maximum (ms)

Read 1.0 2.0
Write 1.1 2.2

Table 7. Single track seek time

Single track seek is measured as the average of one (1) single track seek from every track in both
directions (inward and outward).

4.4.2.4 Average latency

Rotational Speed

(RPM)

5400 11.1 5.5

Table 8. Latency time

Time for one revolution

(ms)

Average Latency

(ms)

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

4.4.2.5 Drive ready time

Condition Typical (sec) Max. (sec)

Power On To Ready 3.5 9.5

Table 9. Drive ready tim e

Ready
Power On To Ready

The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command
(for example—read, write) immediately.
This includes the time required for the internal self diagnostics.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

4.4.3 Operating modes

Operating mode Description

Spin-Up

Seek

Write

Read

Performance

Active idle

Low power idle

Standby

Sleep

Table 10. Operating mode

Start up time period from spindle stop or power down.

Seek operat ion mode

Write operation mode

Read operation mode

The device is capable of responding immediately to idle media access requests. All
electronic components remain powered and the full frequency servo remains
operational.
The device is capable of responding immediately to media access requests. Some
circuitry—including servo system and R/W electronics—is in power saving mode.
The head is parked near the mid-diameter the disk without servoing.
A device in Active idle mode may take longer to complete the execution of a
command because it must activate that circuitry.
The head is unloaded onto the ramp position. The spindle motor is rotating at full
speed.
The device interface is capable of accepting commands. The spindle motor is
stopped. A ll circuitry but the host interface is in power saving mode.
The execution of commands is delayed until the spindle becomes ready.
The device requires a soft reset or a hard reset to be activated. All electronics,
including spindle motor and host interface, are shut off.

4.4.3.1 Mode transition time

From To Transition

Time (typ)

Standby Idle 2.5 9.5

Table 11. Drive ready time

Transition Time

(max.)

4.4.3.2 Operating mode at power on

The device goes into Idle mode after power on or hard reset as an initial state. Initial state may be
changed to Standby mode using pin C on the interface connector. Refer to section 7.10 on page 58,
"Drive address setting" for details.

4.4.3.3 Adaptive power save control

The transient timing from Performance Idle mode to Active Idle mode and Active Idle mode to Low Power
Idle mode is controlled adaptively according to the access pattern of the host system. The transient
timing from Low Power Idle mode to Standby mode is also controlled adaptively, if it is allowed by Set
Features Enable Advanced Power Management subcommand.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

5 Data integrity

5.1 Data loss on power off

 Data loss will not be caused by a power off during any operation except the write operation.
 A power off during a write operation causes the loss of any received or resident data that has not

been written onto the disk media.

 A power off during a write operation might make a maximum of one sector of data unreadable. This

state can be recovered by a rewrite operation.

5.2 Write Cache

When the write cache is enabled, the write command may complete before the actual disk write operation
finishes. This means that a power off, even after the write command completion, could cause the loss of
data that the drive has received but not yet written onto the disk.

In order to prevent this data loss, confirm the completion of the actual write operation prior to the power
off by issuing a

 Soft reset
 Hard reset
 Flush Cache command
 Standby command
 Standby Immediate command
 Sleep command

Confirm the command’s completion.

5.3 Equipment status

The equipment status is available to the host system any time the drive is not ready to read, write, or seek.
This status normally exists at the power-on time and will be maintained until the following conditions are
satisfied:

 The access recalibration/tuning is complete.
 The spindle speed meets the requirements for reliable operation.
 The self-check of the drive is complete.

The appropriate error status is made available to the host system if any of the following conditions occur
after the drive has become ready:

 The spindle speed lies outside the requirements for reliable operation.
 The occurrence of a Write Fault condition.

5.4 WRITE safety

The drive ensures that the data is written into the disk media properly. The following conditions are
monitored during a write operation. When one of these conditions exceeds the criteria, the write operation
is terminated and the automatic retry sequence is invoked.

 Head off track
 External shock
 Low supply voltage
 Spindle speed out of tolerance
 Head open/short

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

5.5 Data buffer test

The data buffer is tested at power on reset and when a drive self-test is requested by the host. The test
consists of a write/read '00'x and 'ff'x pattern on all buffers.

5.6 Error recovery

Errors occurring on the drive are handled by the error recovery procedure.
Errors that are uncorrectable after application of the error recovery procedure are reported to the host

system as nonrecoverable errors.

5.7 Automatic reallocation

The sectors that show some errors may be reallocated automatically when specific conditions are met.
The drive does not report any auto reallocation to the host system. The conditions for auto reallocation
are described below.

5.7.1 Nonrecovered write errors

When a write operation cannot be completed after the Error Recovery Procedure (ERP) is fully carried out,
the sectors are reallocated to the spare location. An error is reported to the host system only when the
write cache is di s a bl ed and the auto realloc at i o n ha s fai l e d.

5.7.2 Nonrecoverable read error

When a read operation fails after ERP is fully carried out, a hard error is reported to the host system. This
location is registered internally as a candidate for the reallocation. When a registered location is specified
as a target of a write operation, a sequence of media verification is performed automatically. When the
result of this verification meets the required criteria, this sector is reallocated.

5.7.3 Recovered read errors

When a read operation for a sector fails and is recovered at the specific ERP step, the sector is
reallocated automatically. A media verification sequence may be run prior to the reallocation according to
the predefined conditions.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

5.8 ECC

The 10 bit 40 symbol non interleaved ECC processor provides user data verification and correction
capability. The first 6 symbol of ECC are 4 check symbols for user data and the 2 symbol system ECC.
The other 34 symbols are Read Solomon ECC. Hardware logic corrects up to 16 symbols(20 bytes)
errors on-th e- fly.
2 symbol System ECC is generated when HDC receives user data from HOST, and can correct up to 1
symbol(10bit) errors on-the-fly when one transfers to HOST.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6 Specification

6.1 Environment

6.1.1 Temperature and humidity

Operating conditions
Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb temperature
Maximum temperature gradient
Altitude

Nonoperating conditions
Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb temperature
Maximum temperature gradient
Altitude

Table 12. Environmental condition

The system is responsible for providing sufficient air movement to maintain surface temperatures below
60°C at the center of top cover and below 63°C at the center of the drive circuit board assembly.

The maximum storage period in the shipping package is one year.

5 to 55°C (See note below)
8 to 90% nonconde nsing

29.4°C noncondensing
20°C/hour
–300 to 3048 m (10,000 ft)

–40 to 65°C
5 to 95% nonconde nsing
40°C noncon densing
20°C/hour
–300 to 12,192 m (40,000 ft)

Specification (Environment)

100

90

80

70

60

Non Operating

50

40

Relative Humidity (%)

30

20

10

0

-45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65

Temperature (degC)

Figure 1. Limits of temperature and humidity

6.1.2 Corrosion test

31'C/90%

Operating

41'C/95%

W etBulb 40'C

W etBulb29.4'C

65'C/23%

55'C/15%

The hard disk drive must be functional and show no signs of corrosion after being exposed to a
temperatur e h um idity stress of 50° C / 9 0 % R H (r el a t i ve humidity) for one week followed by a t em pe r at ure
and humidity drop to 25'C/40%RH in 2 hours.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.1.3 Radiation noise

The disk drive shall work without degradation of the soft error rate under the following magnetic flux
density limits at the enclosure surface.

Frequency (KHz) Limits (uT RMS)

0–60 500

61–100 250
101–200 100
201–400 50

Table 13. Magnetic flux density limits

6.1.4 Conductive noise

The disk drive shall work wi thout soft error degradati on in the frequency range from DC to 20 Mhz
injected through any two of the mounting screw holes of the drive when an AC current of up to 45 mA
(p-p) is applied through a 50-ohm resistor connected to any two mounting screw holes.

6.1.5 Magnetic fields

The disk drive will withstand radiation and conductive noise within the limits shown below. The test
method is defined in the Noise Susceptibility Test Method specification, P/N 95F3944.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.2 DC power requirements

Connection to the product should be made in a safety extra low voltage (SELV) circuits. The voltage
specifications are applied at the power connector of the drive.

Item Requirements
Nominal supply +5 Volt dc
Supply voltage –0.3 Volt to 6.0 Vol t
Power supply ripple (0–20

1

MHz)
Tolerance 2

Supply rise time 1–100 ms

Watts (RMS Typical)

Performanc e I dl e av erage 3
Active Idle average 0.85
Low Power Idle average 0.65

Read average 4
Write average 1.8

Seek average 5
Standby 0.25
Sleep 0.2

Startup (maximum peak) 6
Average from power on to

ready

Table 14. DC Power requirements

7

100 mV p-p max.

±5%

2.0

1.8

2.2

5.0

3.8

Footnotes:

1. The maximum fixed disk ripple is measured at the 5 volt input of the drive.

2. The disk drive shall not incur damage for an over voltage condition of +25% (maximum

3. The idle current is specified at an inner track.

4. The read/write current is specified based on three operations of 63 sector read/write per

5. The seek average current is specified based on three operations per 100 ms.

6. The worst case operating current includes motor surge.

7. “Typical” mean average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and

duration of 20 ms) on the 5 volt nominal supply.

100 ms.

voltage condi t i o ns .

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.2.1 Power consumption efficiency

Capacity 160GB 120GB 80GB 60GB 40GB

Power Consumption Efficiency
(Watts/GB)

0.0041 0.0054 0.0081 0.0108 0.0163

Table 15. Power consumption efficiency

Note: Power consumption efficiency is calculated as Power Consumption of Low Power Idle Watt/
Capacity (GB).

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.3 Reliability

6.3.1 Data reliability

 Probability of not recovering data is 1 in 10
 ECC implementation

On-the-fly correction performed as a part of read channel function recovers up to 16 symbols of error in 1
sector (1 symbol is 10 bits).

13

bits read

6.3.2 Failure prediction (S.M.A.R.T.)

The drive supports Self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology (S.M.A.R.T.) function. The details
are described in section 11.8, "S.M.A.R.T. Function" on page 84 and in Section 13.32, "S.M.A.R.T.
Function Set (B0h)" on page 163.

6.3.3 Cable noise interference

To avoid any degradation of performance throughput or error when the interface cable is routed on top or
comes in contact with the HDA assembly, the drive must be grounded electrically to the system frame by
four screws. The common mode noise or voltage level difference between the system frame and power
cable ground or AT interface cable ground should be in the allowable level specified in the power
requirement section.

6.3.4 Service life and usage condition

The drive is designed to be used under the following conditions:

 The drive should be operated within specifications of shock, vibration, temperature, humidity, altitude,

and magnetic fi el d .

 The drive should be protected from ESD.
 The breathing hole in the top cover of the drive should not be covered.
 Force should not be applied to the cover of the drive.
 The specified power requirements of the drive should be satisfied.
 The drive frame should be grounded electrically to the system through four screws.
 The drive should be mounted with the recommended screw depth and torque.
 The interface physical and electrical re quirements of the drive should satisfy ATA-6.

 The power-off sequence of the drive should comply with the 6.4.6.2,"Required power-off

sequence.”

Service life of the drive is approximately 5 years or 20,000 power on hours, whichever comes first, under
the following assumptions:

 Less than 333 power on hours per month.
 Seeking/Writing/Reading operation is less than 20% of power on hours.

This does not represent any warranty or warranty period. Applicable warranty and warranty period are
covered by the purchase agreement.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.3.5 Preventive maintenance

None.

6.3.6 Load/unload

The product supports a minimum of 600,000 normal load/unloads.
Load/unload is a functional mechanism of the hard disk drive. It is controlled by the drive micro code.

Specifically, unloading of the heads is invoked by the following commands:

 COMRESET
 Standby
 Standby immediate
 Sleep

Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.
The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, not in

emergency mode.

6.3.6.1 Emergency unload

When hard disk drive power is interrupted while the heads are still loaded the micro code cannot operate
and the normal 5-volt power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not
possible. The heads are unloaded by routing the back EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The
actuator velocity is greater than the normal case and the unload process is inherently less controllable
without a normal seek current profile.

Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently
uncontrolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.

The drive supports a minimum of 20,000 emergency unloads.

6.3.6.2 Required Power-Off Sequence

The required host system sequence for removing power from the drive is as follows:

 Step 1: Issue one of the following commands.

 Standby
 Standby immediate
 Sleep

Note: Do not use the Flush Cache command for the power off sequence because this command
does not invoke Unload.

 Step 2: Wait until the Command C omplete status is returned.

In a typical case 350 ms are required for the command to finish completion; however, the host system
time out value needs to be 30 seconds considering error recovery time. Refer to section 14.0,
"Time-out values," on page 193.

 Step 3: Terminate power to HDD.

This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, system
suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is limited
to rare scenarios, such as battery removal during operation.

6.3.6.3 Power switch design considerations

In systems that use the Travelstar 5K160 consideration should be given to the design of the system
power switch.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Hitachi recommends that the switch operate under control of the host system, as opposed to bein g
hardwired. The same recommendation is made for cover-close switches. When a hardwired switch is
turned off, emergency unload occurs, as well as the problems cited in section 5.1, "Data loss by power
off" on page 19 and section 5.2, “Write Cache” on page 19.

6.3.6.4 Test considerations

Start/stop testing is classically performed to verify head/disk durability. The heads do not land on the disk,
so this type of test should be viewed as a test of the load/unload function.

Start/Stop testing should be done by commands through the interface, not
Simple power cycling of the drive invokes the emergency unload mechanism and subjects the HDD to
nontypical mechanical stress.

Power cycling testing may be required to test the boot-up function of the system. In this case HItachi
recommends that the power-off portion of the cycle contain the sequence specif ied in section 6.4.6.2,
"Required Power-Off Sequence” on page 29. If this is not done, the emergency unload function is
invoked and nontypical stress results.

by power cycling the drive.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.4 Mechanical specifications

6.4.1 Physical dimensions and weight

The following figure lists the dimensions for the drive.

Model Height (mm) Width (mm) Length (mm) Weight (gram)
160 GB, 120 GB models 9.5±0.2 69.85±0.25 100.2±0.25 102 Max
80 GB, 60 GB, 40 GB models 9.5±0.2 69.85±0.25 100.2±0.25 95 Max

Table 16. Physical dimensions and weight

6.4.2 Mounting hole locations

The mounting hole locations and size of the drive are shown below.

Figure 2. Mounting hole locations

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.4.3 Mounting orientation

The drive will operate in all axes (six directions) and will stay within the specified error rates when tilted ±5
degrees from these positions.

Performance and error rate will stay within specification limits if the drive is operated in the other
permissible orientations from which it was formatted. Thus a drive formatted in a horizontal orientation will
be able to run vertically and vice versa.

The recommended mounting screw torque is 0.3±0.05 Nm.
The recommended mounting screw depth is 3.0±0.3 mm for bottom and 3.5±0.5 mm for horizontal

mounting.

The user is responsible for using the appropriate screws or equivalent mounting hardware to mount
the drive securely enough to prevent excessive motion or vibration of the drive at seek operation or
spindle rotation.

6.4.4 Load/unload mechanism

The head load/unload mechanism is provided to protect the disk data during shipping, movement, or
storage. Upon power down, a head unload mechanism secures the heads at the unload position. See
section 6.6.4, "Nonoperating shock" on page 36 for additional details.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.5 Vibration and shock

All vibration and shock measurements in this section are for drives without mounting attachments for
systems. The input level shall be applied to the normal drive mounting points.

Vibration tests and shock tests are to be conducted by moun ting the drive to a table using the bottom fo ur
mounting holes.

6.5.1 Operating vibration

The drive will operate without a hard error while being subjected to the following vibration levels.

6.5.1.1 Random vibration

The test consists of 30 minutes of random vibration using the power spectral density (PSD) levels below.
The vibration test level is 6.57 m/ s ec

Random vibration PSD profile Breakpoint

Hz m x 10n (m2/sec4)/Hz

5 1.9 x E–3
17 1.1 x E–1
45 1.1 x E–1
48 7.7 x E–1
62 7.7 x E–1
65 9.6 x E–1

150 9.6 x E–1
200 4.8 x E–2
500 4.8 x E–2

Table 17. Random vibration PSD profile breakpoints (operating)

2

RMS (Root Mean Square) (0.67 G RMS).

6.5.1.2 Swept sine vibration

Swept sine vibration (zero to peak 5 to

500 to 5 Hz sine wave )

9.8 m/sec2 (1 G) (5-500 Hz) 1.0

Table 18. Swept sine vibration

Sweep rate (oct/min)

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.5.2 Nonoperating vibration

The disk drive withstands the following vibration levels without any loss or permanent damage.

6.5.2.1 Random vibration

The test consists of a random vibration applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes for a duration
of 15 minutes per axis. The PSD levels for the test simulating the shipping and relocation environment is
shown below.

Hz (m/sec

2.5 0.096
5 2.88

40 1.73

500 1.73

2

)/Hz

Table 19. Random Vibration PSD Profile Breakpoints (nonoperating)

Note: Overall RMS level of vibration is 29.50 m/sec2 (3.01 G).

6.5.2.2 Swept sine vibration

 49 m/sec2 (5 G) (zero-to-peak), 10 to 500 to 10 Hz sine wave
 0.5 oct/min sweep rate
 25.4 mm (peak-to-peak) displacement, 5 to 10 to 5 Hz

6.5.3 Operating shock

The hard disk drive meets the criteria in the table below while operating under these conditions:

 The shock test consists of 10 shock inputs in each axis and direction for a total of 60.
 There must be a minimum delay of 3 seconds between shock pulses.
 The disk drive will operate without a hard error while subjected to the following half-sine shock pulse.

Duration of 1 ms Duration of 2 ms

1568 m/sec2 (160 G) 3185 m/sec2 (325 G)

Table 20. Operating shock

The input level shall be applied to the normal disk drive subsystem mounting points used to secure the
drive in a normal system.

6.5.4 Nonoperating shock

The drive withstands the following half-sine shock pulse without an y data loss or permanent damage.

Duration of 1 ms Duration of 11 ms

9800 m/sec2 (1000 G) 1470 m/sec2 (150 G)

Table 21. Nonoperating shock

The shocks are applied for each direction of the drive for three mutually perpendicular axes, one axis at a
time. Input levels are measured on a base plate where the drive is attached with four screws.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.6 Acoustics

6.6.1 Sound power level

The criteria of A-weighted sound power level are described below.
Measurements are to be taken in accordance with ISO 7779. The mean of the sample of 40 drives is to

be less than the typical value. Each drive is to be less than the maximum value. The drives are to meet
this requirement in both board down orientations.

A-weighted Sound Power Typical (Bels) Maximum (Bels)

160GB, 120GB models

Idle 2.5. 2.7

Operating 2.7 2.9

80GB, 60GB, 40GB models

Idle 2.2 2.4

Operating 2.4 2.6

Table 22. Weighted sound power

The background power levels of the acoustic test chamber for each octave band are to be recorded.
Sound power tests are to be conducted with the drive supported by spacers so that the lower surface of

the drive be located 25±3 mm above from the chamber floor. No sound absorbing material shall be used.
The acoustical characteristics of the disk drive are measured under the following conditions:
Mode definitions

 Idle mode: Power on, disks spinning, track following, unit ready to receive and respond to control line

commands.

 Operating mode: Continuous random cylinder selection and seek operation of the actuator with a

dwell time at each cylinder. The seek rate for the drive can be calculated as shown below.

Ns = 0.4/(Tt + T 1)

where:

Ns = average seek rate in seeks/s
Tt = published seek time from one random trac k to another without including rotational

latency
T1= equivalent time in seconds for the drive to rotate by half a revolution

6.6.2 Discrete tone penalty

Discrete tone penalties are added to the A-weighted sound power (Lw) with the following formula only
when determining compliance.

Lwt(spec) = Lw = 0.1Pt + 0.3 < 4.0 (Bels)

where

Lw = A-weighted sound power level
Pt = Value of desecra t e t one penalty = dLt – 6.0(dBA)
dLt = Tone-to-noise ratio taken in accordance with ISO 7779 at each octave band.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.7 Identification labels

The following labels are affixed to every drive:

 A label which is placed on the top of the head disk assembly containing the statement "Made by

Hitachi" or equivalent, part number, EC number, and FRU number.

 A bar code label which is placed on the disk drive based on user request. The location on the disk

drive is to be designated in the drawing provided by the user.

 Labels containin g t he v e nd or ' s n am e , d isk drive model num b e r, serial numbe r, place of manufa c t ur e ,

and UL/CSA logos.

 The presence of labels containing jumper information depends on the customer.

6.8 Electromagnetic compatibility

When installed in a suitable enclosure and exercised with a random accessing routine at maximum data
rate, the drive meets the following worldwide electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements:

・ United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and Regulations (Class B),

Part 15. RFI Suppression German National Requirements

・ RFI Japan VCCI, Requirements of HITACHI products

・ EU EMC Directive, Technical Requirements and Conformity Assessment Procedures

6.8.1 CE Mark

The product is certified for compliance with EC directive 89/336/EEC. The EC marking for the certification
appears on the drive.

6.8.2 C-Tick Mark

The product complies with the Australian EMC standard "Limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment, AS/NZS 3548:1995 Class B."

6.8.3 BSMI Mark

The product complies with the Taiwan EMC standard “Limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of inf ormation technology equipment, CNS 13438 C lass B.”

6.8.4 MIC Mark

The product complies with the Korea EMC standard. The regulation for certification of information and
communication equipment is based on “Telecommunications Basic Act” and “Radio Waves Act” Korea
EMC requirment are based technically on CISPR22:1993-12 measurement standards and limits. MIC
standards are likewise based on IEC standards.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

6.9 Safety

6.9.1 UL and CSA approval

All models of the Travelstar 5K160 are qualified per UL60950-1:2003

6.9.2 IEC compliance

All models of the Travelstar 5K160 comply with IEC 60950-1:2001.

6.9.3 German Safety Mark

All models of the Travelstar 5K160 are approved by TUV on Test Requirement: EN 60950-1:2001, but the
GS mark has not been obtained.

6.9.4 Flammability

The printed circuit boards used in this product are made of material with a UL recognized
flammability rating of V-1 or better. The flammability rating is marked or etched on the board. All
other parts not considered electrical components are made of material with a UL recognized
flammability rating of V-1 or better except minor mechanical parts.

6.9.5 Secondary circuit protection

This product utilizes printed circuit wiring that must be protected against the possibility of
sustained combustion due to circuit or component failures as defined in C-B 2-4700-034 (Protection
Against Combustion). Adequate secondary over current protection is the responsibility of the using
system.

The user must protect the drive from its electrical short circuit problem. A 10 amp limit is required
for safety purpose.

6.10 Packaging

Drives are packed in ESD protective bags and shipped in appropriate containers.

6.11 Substance restriction requirements

The product complies with the Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament on the restrictions
of the use of the certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS).

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

7 Electrical interface specifications

7.1 Cabling

The maximum cable length from the host system to the hard disk drive plus circuit pattern length in the
host system shall not exceed 1 meter.

7.2 Interface connector

The figure below shows the physical pin location.

Figure 3. Interface connector pin assignments

 All pins are in a single row, with a 127 mm(.050”) pitch.
 The comments on the mating sequence in Table in the section 7.3 apply to the case of back-plane

blind-mate connector only. In this case, the mating sequences are:(1)the ground pins P4 and P12;(2)
the pre-charge power pins and the other ground pins; and (3) the signal pins and the rest of the
power pins.

 There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for pre-charge in the

backplane blind-mate situation.

 If a device uses 3.3V, then all V33 pins must be terminated. Otherwise, it is optional to terminate any

of the V33 pins

 If a device uses 5.0V, then all V5 pins must be terminated. Otherwise, it is optional to terminate any

of the V5 pins

 If a device uses 12.0V, then all V12 pins must be terminated. Otherwise, it is optional to terminate

any of the V12 pins.

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7.3 Signal definitions

The pin assignments of interface signals are listed as follows:

Signal S4 Gnd 2nd mate Gnd

No.
S1 GND 2nd mate Gnd
S2 A+ Differential signal A from Phy RX+ Input
S3 A-

S5 B- Differential signal B from Phy TX- Output
S6 B+
S7 Gnd 2nd mate Gnd

Power P9 V5 5V power 5V

Table 23. Interface connector pins and I/O signals

P1 V33 3.3V power 3.3V
P2 V33 3.3V power 3.3V
P3 V33 3.3V power, pre-charge, 2nd Mate 3.3V
P4 Gnd 1st mate Gnd
P5 Gnd 2nd mate Gnd
P6 Gnd 2nd mate Gnd
P7 V5 5V power,pre-charge,2nd Mate 5V
P8 V5 5V power 5V

P10 Gnd 2nd mate Gnd

DAS/DSS

P11
P12 Gnd 1st mate Gnd

P13 V12 12V power,pre-chage,2nd mate V12
P14 V12 12V power V12
P15 V12 12V power V12

Plug Connector pin definition Signal I/O

RX- Input

TX+ Output

Key and spacing separate signal and power
segments

Device Activity Signal / Disable Staggered

Spinup

1

Note 1

Note 1;
Pin P11 is used by the drive to provide the host with an activity indication a nd by the host to
indicate whether staggered spinup should be used.
The signal the drive provides for activity indication is a low-voltage low-current driver.
If pin P11 is asserted low the drive shall disable staggered spin-up and immediately initiate
spin-up. If pin P11 is not connected in the host (floating), the drive shall enable staggered spin-up.

7.3.1 TX+ / TX-

These signal are the outbound high-speed differential signals that are connected to the serial ATA
cable

7.3.2 RX+ / RX-

These signals are the inbound high-speed differential signals that are connected to the serial ATA
cable.

The following standard shall be referenced about signal specifications.

Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT Attachment Revision 1.0a 7-January -2003

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7.3.3 Out of band signaling

Figure 4 shows the timing of COMRESET, COMINIT and COMWAKE.

COMRESET/COMINIT

t1

t2

COMWAKE

PARAMETER

T1 ALINE primitives 106.7

T2 Spacing 320

T3 ALIGN primitives 106.7

T4 Psacing 106.7

Figure 4. Parameter descriptions

t3

DESCRIPTION

t4

Nominal (ns)

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Part 2 Interface Specification

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8 General

8.1 Introduction

This specification describes the host interface of HTS5416XXJ9SA00.

The interface conforms to following Working Document of Information technology with certain
limitations described in the chapter 2.0 “Deviations from Standard” on Page 5.

Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized AT Attachment Revision 1.0a dated on 7 January 2003

Serial ATA II: Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0a Revision 1.2 dated on 27 August 2004

AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-7) Revision 4b dated on 21 April 2004

HTS5416XXJ9SA00 support following functions as Vendor Specific Function.

• Format Unit Function

• SENSE CONDITION command

8.2 Terminology

Device
Host
INTRQ

Device indicates HTS5416XXJ9S A00
Host indicates the system that the device is attached to.
Interrupt request (Device or Host)

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9 Deviations from Standard

The device conforms to the referenced specifications, with deviations described below.

The interface conforms to the Working Document of Information Technology, AT Attachment with
Packet Interface Extension (ATA/ATAPI-7) Revision 4b dated 21 Apr. 2004, with deviation as
follows:

S.M.A.R.T. Return Status

Check Power Mode

S.M.A.R.T. RETURN STATUS subcommand does not chec k advisory at tribu tes.
That is, the device will not report threshold exceeded condition unless pre-fa ilure
attributes exceed their corresponding thresholds. For example, Power-On Hours
Attribute never results in negative reliability status.
Check Power Mode command returns FFh to S ector Count Register when the device
is in Idle mode. This command does not support 80h as the return value.

10 Physical Interface

Physical Interface is described in “Part1 Functional Specification” section

11 Registers

In Serial ATA, the host adapter contains a set of registers that shadow the contents of the traditional
device registers, referred to as the Shadow Register Block. Shadow Register Block registers are
interface registers used for delivering commands to the device or posting status from the device.
About details, please refer to the Serial ATA Specification.

In the following cases, the host adapter sets the BSY bit in its shadow Status Register and transmits
a FIS to the device containing the new contents.

• Command register is written in the Shadow Register Block

• Device Control register is written in the Shadow Register Block with a change of state of the

SRST bit

• COMRESET is requested

11.1 Register naming convention

This specification uses the same naming conventions for the Command Block Registers as the
ATA/ATAPI-7 standard. However, the register naming convention is different from that uses in the
Serial ATA 1.0a specification. Table 24 defines the corresponding of the register names used in this
specification with those used in the Serial ATA 1.0a specification.

Register name in this

Serial ATA register name

Features Feature current
Features (ex p ) Fe at ure previous
Sector count Sector count current Sector count HOB=0
Sector count (exp) Sector count previous Sector count HOB=1
Sector number LBA low current LBA low HOB=0
Sector number (exp) LBA low previous LBA low HOB=1

specification when writing
registers

Register name in this
specification when reading
registers

Cylinder low LBA mid current LBA mid HOB=0
Cylinder low (exp) LBA mid previous LBA mid HOB=1

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Cylinder high LBA high current LBA mid HOB=0
Cylinder high (exp) LBA high previous LBA mid HOB=1
Device/head Device Device
Command Command N/A
Control Device Control N/A
Status N/A Status
Error N/A Error

Table 24. Register naming convention and correspondence

11.2 Command register

This register contains the command code being sent to the device. Command execution begins
immediately after this register is written. The command set is shown in “Command set” on 5.

All other registers required for the command must be set up before writing the Command Register.

11.3 Device Control Register

Device Control Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

- - - - 1 SRST -IEN 0

Table 25. Device Control Register

Bit Definitions
SRST (RST)

-IEN

Software Reset. The device is held reset when RST=1. Setting RST=0 reenables the device.
The host must set RST=1 and wait for at least 5 m icroseconds before setting RST=0, to
ensure that the device recognizes the reset.
Interrupt Enable. When IEN=0, and the device is selected, device interrupts to the host will
be enabled. When IEN=1, or the device is not selected, device interrupts to the host will be
disabled.

11.4 Device Register

Device Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

- L - 0 HS3 HS2 HS1 HS0

Table 26. Device Register

This register contains the device and head numbers.

Bit Definitions
L

HS3,HS2,HS1,HS0

Binary encoded address mode select. When L=0, addre ssi ng is by CHS mode. When L=1,
addressing is by LBA mode.
The HS3 through HS0 contain bits 24-27 of the LBA. At command completion, these bi ts are
updated to reflect the current LBA bits 24-27.

11.5 Error Register

Error Register

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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDNF 0 ABRT TK0NF AMNF

Table 27. Error Register

This register contains status from the last command executed by the device, or a diagnostic code.

At the completion of any command except Execute Device Diagnostic, the contents of this register
are valid always even if ERR=0 in the Status Register.

Following a power on, a reset, or completion of an Execute Device Diagnostic command, this register
contains a diagnostic code. See “Diagnostic Codes” on Page 5 for the definition.

Bit Definitions
ICRCE (CRC)

UNC

IDNF (IDN)
ABRT (ABT)

TK0NF (T0N)
AMNF (AMN)

Interface CRC Error. CRC=1 indicates a CRC error has occurred on the data bus during a
Ultra-DMA transfer.
Uncorrectable Data Error. UNC=1 indicates an uncorrectable data error has been
encountered.
ID Not Found. IDN=1 indicates the requested sector’s ID field could not be found.
Aborted Command. ABT=1 indicates the requested command has been aborted due to a
device status error or an invalid parameter in an output register.
Track 0 Not Found. T0N=1 indicates track 0 was not found during a Recalibrate command.
Address Mark Not Found. AMN=1 indicates the data address mark has not been found after
finding the correct ID field for the requested sector.
This bit is obsolete.

11.6 Features Register

This register is command specific. This is used with the Set Features command, S.M.A.R.T. Function
Set command and Format Unit command.

11.7 LBA High Register

This register contains Bits 16-23. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the
current LBA Bits 16-23.

When 48-bit addressing commands are used, the “most recently written” content contains LBA Bits
16-23, and the “previous content” contains Bits 40-47. The 48-bit Address feature set is described in

5.16.

11.8 LBA Low Register

This register contains Bits 0-7. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the
current LBA Bits 0-7.

When 48-bit commands are used, the “most recently written” content contains LBA Bits 0-7, and the
“previous content” contains Bits 24-31.

11.9 LBA Mid Register

This register contains Bits 8-15. At the end of the command, this register is updated to reflect the
current LBA Bits 8-15.

When 48-bit addressing commands are used, the “most recently written” content contains LBA Bits
8-15, and the “previous content” contains Bits 32-39.

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11.10 Sector Count Register

This register contains the number of sectors of data requested to be transferred on a read or write
operation between the host and the device. If the value in the register is set to 0, a count of 256
sectors (in 28-bit addressing) or 65,536 sectors (in 48-bit addressing) is specified.

If the register is zero at command completion, the command was successful. If not successfully
completed, the register contains the number of sectors which need to be transferred in order to
complete the request.

The contents of the register are defined otherwise on some commands. These definitions are given in
the command descriptions.

11.11 Status Register

Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

BSY DRDY DF DSC DRQ CORR IDX ERR

Table 28. Status Register

This register contains the device status. The contents of this register are updated whenever an error
occurs and at the completion of each command.

If the host reads this register when an interrupt is pending, it is considered to be the interrupt
acknowledge. Any pending interrupt is cleared whenever this register is read.

If BSY=1, no other bits in the register are valid.

Bit Definitions
BSY

DRDY (RDY)

DF

DSC

DRQ

CORR (COR)
IDX
ERR

Busy. BSY=1 whenever the device is accessing the registers. The host should not read or
write any registers when BSY=1. If the host reads any register w hen BS Y=1, the contents of
the Status Register will be returned.
Device Ready. RDY=1 indicates that the de vice is capable of responding to a command.
RDY will be set to 0 during power on until the device is ready to accept a command.
Device Fault. DF=1 indicates that the de vice has detected a write faul t condition. DF is set to
0 after the Status Register is read by the host.
Device Seek Complete. DSC=1 indicate s that a seek has completed and the device head is
settled over a track. DSC is set to 0 by the device just before a seek begins. When an error
occurs, this bit is not changed until the Status Register is read by the host, at which time the
bit again indicates the current seek complete status.
When the device enters into or is in Standby mode or Sleep mode, this bit is set by device in
spite of not spinning up.
Data Request. DRQ=1 indicates tha t the device is ready to transfer a word or byte of data
between the host and the device. The host should not write the Command register w hen
DRQ=1.
Corrected Data. Always 0.
Index. Always 0
ERR=1 indicates that an error occurred during execution of the previous command. The
Error Register should be read to determine the error type. The device sets ERR=0 when the
next command is received from the host.

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12 General Operation Descriptions

12.1 Reset Response

There are three types of reset in ATA as follows:

Power On Reset (POR)

COMRESET

Soft Reset (Software Reset)

The actions of each reset are shown in “Reset Response Table” on Page 5

POR COMRESET Soft Reset
Aborting Host interface - o o

Aborting Device operation - (*1) (*1)
Initialization of hardware O x x
Internal diagnostic O x x
Starting spindle motor (*5) x x
Initialization of registers (*2) O o o
Reverting programmed parameters to default O (*6) (*3)

- Number of CHS (set by Initialize Device Parameter)

- Multiple mode

- Write cache

- Read look-ahead

- ECC bytes

- Volatile max address
Power mode (*5) (*4) (*4)
Reset Standby timer value o o x

O ---- execute
X ---- not execute

Note.
(*1) Execute after the data in write cache has been written.
(*2) Default value on POR is shown in “Default Register Values” on Page 5.
(*3) The Set Features command with Feature register = CCh enables the device to

revert these parameters to the power on defaults.

(*4) In the case of sleep mode, the device goes to standby mode. In other case,

the device does not change current mode.
(*5) According to the initial power mode selection.
(*6) See 5.15 Software Setting Preservation feature.

Figure 5 Reset Response Table

12.1.1 Register Initialization

The device executes a series of electrical circuitry diagnostics, spins up the HDA,
tests speed and other mechanical parametric, and sets default values.
COMRESET is issued in Serial ATA bus.
The device resets the interface circuitry as well as Soft Reset.
SRST bit in the Device Control Register is set, then is reset.
The device resets the interface circuitry according to the Set Features requirement.

After power on, COMRESET, or software reset, the register values are initialized as show n in the foll owi ng tab le.

Register Default Value
Error Diagnostic Code
Sector Count 01h
LBA Low 01h
LBA Mid 00h
LBA High 00h
Device 00h
Status 50h

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Alternate Status 50h

Figure 6 Default Register Values

The meaning of the Error Register diagnostic codes resulting from power on, COMRESET or the
Execute Device Diagnostic command are shown in the following table.

Code Description

01h No error Detected
02h Formatter device error
03h Sector buffer error
04h Ecc circuitry error
05h Controller microprocessor error

Figure 7 Diagnostic Codes

12.2 Diagnostic and Reset considerations

The Set Max password, the Set Max security mode and the Set Max unlock counter don’t retain over
a Power On Reset but persist over a COMRESET or Soft Reset.

For each Reset and Execute Device Diagnostic, the Diagnostic is done as follows:

Execute Device Diagnostic

In all the above cases: Power on, COMRESET, Soft reset, and the EXECUTE DEVICE
DIAGNOSTIC command the Error register is shown in the following table.

Device 0 Passed Error Register

Yes 01h

No 0xh

Where x indicates the appropriate Diagnostic Code for the Power on, COMRESET, Soft reset, or Device
Diagnostic error.

Figure 8 Reset error register values

12.3 Power-off considerations

12.3.1 Load/Unload

Load/Unload is a functional mechanism of the HDD. It is controlled by the drive microcode.
Specifically, unloading of the heads is invoked by the commands:

Command Response
Standby UL -> Comp.
Standby immediate UL -> Comp.
Sleep UL -> Comp.

“UL” means “unload”.

“Comp” means “complete”.

Figure 9 Device’s behavior by ATA commands

Load/unload is also invoked as one of the idle modes of the drive.

The specified start/stop life of the product assumes that load/unload is operated normally, NOT in
emergency mode.

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12.3.2 Emergency unload

When HDD power is interrupted while the heads are still loaded, the microcode cannot operate and
the normal 5V power is unavailable to unload the heads. In this case, normal unload is not possible,
so the heads are unloaded by routing the back-EMF of the spinning motor to the voice coil. The
actuator velocity is greater than the normal case, and the unload process is inherently less
controllable without a normal seek current profile.

Emergency unload is intended to be invoked in rare situations. Because this operation is inherently
uncontrolled, it is more mechanically stressful than a normal unload.

A single emergency unload operation is more stressful than 100 normal unloads. Use of emergency
unload reduces the start/stop life of the HDD at a rate at least 100X faster than that of normal
unload, and may damage the HDD.

12.3.3 Required power-off sequence

Problems can occur on most HDDs when power is removed at an arbitrary time. Examples:

 Data loss from the write buffer.
 If the drive is writing a sector, a partially-written sector with a n incorrect ECC block results. The sector

contents are destroyed and reading that sector results in a hard error.
 Heads possibly land in the data zone instead of landing zone, depending on the design of the HDD.

You may then turn off the HDD in the following order:

1. Issue Standby Immediate or sleep command.

2. Wait until COMMAND COMPLETE STATUS is returned. (It may take up to 350 ms in typical case)

3. Terminate power to HDD.

This power-down sequence should be followed for entry into any system power-down state, or system
suspend state, or system hibernation state. In a robustly designed system, emergency unload is
limited to rare scenarios such as battery removal during operation.

12.4 Sector Addressing Mode

All addressing of data sectors recorded on the device’s media is by a logical sector address. The
logical CHS address for HTS5416XXJ9SA00 is different from the actual physical CHS location of the
data sector on the disk media.

HTS5416XXJ9SA00 support both Logical CHS Addressing Mode and LBA Addressing Mode as the
sector addressing mode.

The host system may select either the currently selected CHS translation addressing or LBA
addressing on a command-by-command basis by using the L bit in the DEVICE register. So a host
system must set the L bit to 1 if the host uses LBA Addressing mode.

12.4.1 Logical CHS Addressing Mode

The logical CHS addressing is made up of three fields: the cylinder number, the head number and
the sector number. Sectors are numbered from 1 to the maximum value allowed by the current CHS
translation mode but can not exceed 255(0FFh). Heads are numbered from 0 to the maximum value
allowed by the current CHS translation mode but can not exceed 15(0Fh). Cylinders are numbered
from 0 to the maximum value allowed by the current CHS translation mode but cannot exceed
65535(0FFFFh).

When the host selects a CHS translation mode using the INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS
command, the host requests the number of sectors per logical track and the number of heads per
logical cylinder. The device then computes the number of logical cylinders available in requested
mode.

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The default CHS translation mode is described in the Identify Device Information. The current CHS
translation mode also is described in the Identify Device Information.

12.4.2 LBA Addressing Mode

Logical sectors on the device shall be linearly mapped with the first LBA addressed sector (sector 0)
being the same sector as the first logical CHS addressed sector ( cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1).
Irrespective of the logical CHS translation mode currently in effect, the LBA address of a given
logical sector does not change. The following is always true:

LBA = ( (cylinder * heads_per_cylinder + heads)

* sectors_per_track ) + sector - 1

where heads_per_cylinder and sectors_per_tr ack ar e the current translat ion mode value s.

On LBA addressing mode, the LBA value is set to the following register.

Device <--- LBA bits 27-24
LBA High <--- LBA bits 23-16
LBA Mid <--- LBA bits 15- 8
LBA Low <--- LBA bits 7- 0

12.5 Power Management Feature

The power management feature set permits a host to modify the behavior in a manner which
reduces the power required to operate. The power management feature set provides a set of
commands and a timer that enables a device to implement low power consumption modes.

HTS5416XXJ9SA00 implement the following set of functions.

1. A Standby timer

2. Idle command

3. Idle Immediate command

4. Sleep command

5. Standby command

6. Standby Immediate command

12.5.1 Power Mode

Sleep Mode

Standby Mode

Idle Mode
Active Mode

The lowest power consumption when the device is powered on occurs in Sleep Mode.
When in sleep mode, the device requires a reset to be activated.
The device interface is capable of acc epting commands, but as the media may not
immediately accessible, there is a delay while waiting for the spindle to reach
operating speed.
Refer to the section of Adaptive Battery Life Extender Feature.
The device is in execution of a command or accessing the disk media with read
look-ahead function or write cache function.

12.5.2 Power Management Commands

The Check Power Mode command allows a host to determine if a device is currently in, going to or
leaving standby mode.

The Idle and Idle Immediate commands move a device to idle mode immediately from the active or
standby modes. The idle command also sets the standby timer count and starts the standby timer.

The sleep command moves a device to sleep mode. The device’s interface becomes inactive at the
completion of the sleep command. A reset is required to move a device out of sleep mode. When a
device exits sleep mode it will enter standby mode.

The Standby and Standby Immediate commands move a device to standby mode immediately from
the active or idle modes. The standby command also sets the standby timer count.

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12.5.3 Standby/Sleep command completion timing

1. Confirm the completion of writing cached data in the buffer to media

2. Unload heads on the ramp

3. Set DRDY bit and DSC bit in Status Register

4. Activate the spindle break to stop the spindle motor

5. Wait until spindle motor is stopped

6. Perform post process

12.5.4 Status

In the active, idle and standby modes, the device shall have RDY bit of the status register set. If BSY
bit is not set, device shall be ready to accept any command.

In sleep mode, the device’s interface is not active. A host shall not attempt to read the device’s status
or issue commands to the device.

12.5.5 Interface Capability for Power Modes

Each power mode affects the physical interface as defined in the following table:

Mode BSY RDY Interface active Media
Active x x Yes Active
Idle 0 1 Yes Active
Standby 0 1 Yes Inactive
Sleep x x No Inactive

Figure 10 Power conditions

Ready(RDY) is not a power condition. A device may post ready at the interface even though the
media may not be accessible.

12.5.6 Initial Power Mode at Power On

After power on the device goes to IDLE mode or STANDBY mode depending on the option. Refer
HTS5416XXJ9SA00 Final Functional Specification (P/N TBD) for the initial power mode selection.

12.6 Advanced Power Management (Adaptive

Battery Life Extender 3) Feature

This feature provides power saving without performance degradation. The Adaptive Battery Life
Extender 3 (ABLE-3) technology intelligently manages transition among power modes within the
device by monitoring access patterns of the host.

This technology has three idle modes; Performance Idle mode, Active Idle mode, and Low Power Idle
mode.

This feature allows the host to select an advanced power management level. The advanced power
management level is a scale from the lowest power consumption setting of 01h to the maximum
performance level of FEh. Device performance may increase with increasing advanced power
management levels. Device power consumption may increase with increasing advanced power
management levels. The advanced power management levels contain discrete bands, described in the
section of Set Feature command in detail.

This feature set uses the following functions:

 A SET FEATURES subcommand to enable Advanced Power Management
 A SET FEATURES subcommand to disable Advanced Power Management


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The Advanced Power Management feature is independent of the Standby timer setting. If both
Advanced Power Management level and the Standby timer are set, the device will go to the Standby
state when the timer times out or the device’s Advanced Power Management algorithm indicates
that it is time to enter the Standby state.

The IDENTIFY DEVICE response word 83, bit 3 indicates that Advanced Power Management
feature is supported if set. Word 86, bit 3 indicates that Advanced Power Management is enabled if
set.

Word 91, bits 7-0 contain the current Advanced Power Management level if Advanced Power
Management is enabled.

12.6.1 Performance Idle mode

This mode is usually entered immediately after Active mode command processing is complete,
instead of conventional idle mode. In Performance Idle mode, all electronic components remain
powered and full frequency servo remains operational. This provides instantaneous response to the
next command. The duration of this mode is intelligently managed as described below.

12.6.2 Active Idle mode

In this mode, power consumption is 45-55% less than that of Performance Idle mode. Additional
electronics are powered off, and the head is parked near the mid-diameter of the disk without
servoing. Recovery time to Active mode is about 20ms.

12.6.3 Low Power Idle mode

Power consumption is 60%-65% less than that of Performance Idle mode. The heads are unloaded on
the ramp, however the spindle is still rotated at the full speed. Recovery time to Active mode is about
300ms.

12.6.4 Transition Time

The transition time is dynamically managed by users recent access pattern, instead of fixed times.
The ABLE-3 algorithm monitors the interval between commands instead of the command frequency
of ABLE-2. The algorithm supposes that next command will come with the same command interval
distribution as the previous access pattern. The algorithm calculates the expected average saving
energy and response delay for next command in several transition time case based on this
assumption. And it selects the most effective transition time with the condition that the calculated
response delay is shorter than the value calculated from the specified level by Set Feature Enable
Advanced Power Management command.

The optimal time to enter Active Idle mode is variable depending on the users recent behavior. It is
not possible to achieve the same level of Power savings with a fixed entry time into Active Idle
because every users data and access pattern is different. The optimum entry time changes over time.

The same algorithm works for entering into Low Power Idle mode and Standby mode, which
consumes less power but need more recovery time switching from this mode to Active mode.

12.7 Interface Power Management Mode

(Slumber and Partial)

Interface Power Management Mode is supported by both Device-initiated interface power
management and Host-initiated interface power management. Please refer to the Serial ATA
Specification about Power Management Mode.

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12.8 S.M.A.R.T. Function

The intent of Self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology (S.M.A.R.T) is to protect user data
and prevent unscheduled system downtime that may be caused by predictable degradation and/or
fault of the device. By monitoring and storing critical performance and calibration parameters,
S.M.A.R.T devices employ sophisticated data analysis algorithms to predict the likelihood of
near-term degradation or fault condition. By alerting the host system of a negative reliability status
condition, the host system can warn the user of the impending risk of a data loss and advise the user
of appropriate action.

Since S.M.A.R.T. utilizes the internal device microprocessor and other device resources, there may
be some small overhead associated with its operation. However, special care has been taken in the
design of the S.M.A.R.T. algorithms to minimize the impact to host system performance. Actual
impact of S.M.A.R.T. overhead is dependent on the specific device design and the usage patterns of
the host system. To further ensure minimal impact to the user, S.M.A.R.T. capable devices are
shipped from the device manufacturer’s factory with the S.M.A.R.T. feature disabled. S.M.A.R.T.
capable devices can be enabled by the system OEMs at time of system integration or in the field by
aftermarket products.

12.8.1 Attributes

Attributes are the specific performance or calibration parameters that are used in analyzing the
status of the device. Attributes are selected by the device manufacturer based on that attribute’s
ability to contribute to the prediction of degrading or faulty conditions for that particular device. The
specific set of attributes being used and the identity of these attributes is vendor specific and
proprietary.

12.8.2 Attribute values

Attribute values are used to represent the relative reliability of individual performance or
calibration attributes. Higher attribute values indicate that the analysis algorithms being used by
the device are predicting a lower probability of a degrading or fault condition existing. Accordingly,
lower attribute values indicate that the analysis algorithms being used by the device are predicting a
higher probability of a degrading or fault condition existing. There is no implied linear reliability
relationship corresponding to the numerical relationship between different attribute values for any
particular attribute.

12.8.3 Attribute thresholds

Each attribute value has a corresponding attribute threshold limit which is used for direct
comparison to the attribute value to indicate the existence of a degrading or faulty condition. The
numerical value of the attribute thresholds are determined by the device manufacturer through
design and reliability testing and analysis. Each attribute threshold represents the lowest limit to
which its corresponding attribute value can be equal while still retaining a positive reliability status.
Attribute thresholds are set at the device manufacturer’s factory and cannot be changed in the field.
The valid range for attribute thresholds is from 1 through 253 decimal.

12.8.4 Threshold exceeded condition

If one or more attribute values are less than or equal to their corresponding attribute thresholds,
then the device reliability status is negative, indicating an impending degrading or faulty condition.

12.8.5 S.M.A.R.T. commands

The S.M.A.R.T. commands provide access to attribute values, attribute thresholds and other logging
and reporting information.

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12.8.6 S.M.A.R.T operation with power management modes

The device saves attribute values automatically on every head unload timing except the emergency
unload, even if the attribute auto save feature is not enabled. The head unload is done not only by
Standby, Standby Immediate, or Sleep command, but also by the automatic power saving functions
like ABLE-3 or Standby timer. So basically it is not necessary for a host system to enable the
attribute auto save feature, when it utilizes the power management. If the attribute auto save
feature is enabled, attribute values will be saved after 30minutes passed since the last saving,
besides above condition.

12.9 Security Mode Feature Set

Security Mode Feature Set is a powerful security feature. With a device lock password, a user can
prevent unauthorized access to hard disk device even if the device is removed from the computer.

New commands are supported for this feature as below.

Security Set Password
Security Unlock
Security Erase Prepare
Security Erase Unit
Security Freeze Lock
Security Disable Password

12.9.1 Security mode

(‘F1’h)
(‘F2’h)
(‘F3’h)
(‘F4’h)
(‘F5’h)
(‘F6’h)

Following security modes are provided.

Device Locked mode

Device Unlocked mode

Device Frozen mode

The device disables media access commands after power on. Media access
commands are enabled by either a security unlock command or a security
erase unit command.
The device enables all commands. If a password is not set this mode is
entered after power on, otherwise it is entered by a security unlock or a
security erase unit command.
The device enables all commands except those which can update the devic e
lock function, set/change password. The device enters this mode via a
Security Freeze Lock command. It cannot quit this mode until power off.

12.9.2 Security Level

Following security levels are provided.

High level security

Maximum level security

When the device lock function is enabled and the User Password is
forgotten the device can be unlocked via a Master Password.
When the device lock function is enabled and the User Password is
forgotten then only the Master Password with a Security Erase Unit
command can unlock the device. Then user data is erased.

12.9.3 Password

This function can have 2 types of passwords as described below.

Master Password

User Password

When the Master Password is set, the device does NOT enable the Device
Lock Function, and the device can NOT be locked with the Master
Password, but the Master Password can be used for unlocking the device
locked.
The User Password should be given or changed by a system user. When the
User Password is set, the device enables the Device Lock Function, and
then the device is locked on next power on reset. If Software Setting
Preservation is disabled, the device is locked on COMRESET as well.

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The system manufacturer/dealer who intends to enable the device lock function for the end users,
must set the master password even if only single level password protection is required. Otherwise, if
the User Password is forgotten then no one can unlock the device which is locked with the User
Password.

12.9.4 Master Password Revision Code

This Master Password Revision Code is set by Security Set Password command with the master
password. And this revision code field is returned in the Identify Device command word 92. The valid
revision codes are 0001h to FFFEh. The default value of Master Password Revision Code is FFFEh.

Value 0000h and FFFFh is reserved.

12.9.5 Operation example

12.9.5.1 Master Password setting

The system manufacturer/dealer can set a initial Master Password using the Security Set Password
command, without enabling the Device Lock Function.

12.9.5.2 User Password setting

When a User Password is set, the device will automatically enter lock mode the next time the device
is powered on.

Figure 11 Initial Setting

12.9.1.2 Operation from POR after User Password is set

When Device Lock Function is enabled, the device rejects media access command until a Security
Unlock command is successfully completed.

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(*1) refer to Figure 14 Command table for device lock operation on page 5 and F igure 15 Command table for
device lock operation - continued on page 5.

Figure 12 Usual Operation

12.9.1.3 User Password Lost

If the User Password is forgotten and High level security is set, the system user can’t access any
data. However the device can be unlocked using the Master Password.

If a system user forgets the User Password and Maximum security level is set, data access is
impossible. However the device can be unlocked using the Security Erase Unit command to unlock
the device and erase all user data with the Master Password.

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Figure 13 Password Lost

12.9.1.4 Attempt limit for SECURITY UNLOCK command

The SECURITY UNLOCK command has an attempt limit. The purpose of this attempt limit is to
prevent that someone attempts to unlock the drive by using various passwords many times.

The device counts the password mismatch. If the password does not match, the device counts it up
without distinguishing the Master password and the User password. If the count reaches 5, EXPIRE
bit(bit 4) of Word 128 in Identify Device information is set, and then SECURITY ERASE UNIT
command and SECURITY UNLOCK command are aborted until a power off. The count and EXPIRE
bit are cleared after a power on reset.

12.9.6 Command Table

This table shows the device’s response to commands when the Security Mode Feature Set (Device
lock function) is enabled.

Command Device

Locked

Mode
Check Power Mode o o o
Device Configuration RESTORE x o o
Device Configuration FREEZE LOCK o o o
Device Configuration IDENTIFY o o o
Device Configuration SET x o o
Execute Device Diagnostic o o o
Flush Cache x o o
Flush Cache Ext x o o
Format Track x o o
Format Unit x o o
Identify Device o o o
Idle o o o
Idle Immediate o o o
Initialize Device Parameters o o o
Read Buffer o o o
Read DMA x o o
Read DMA Ext x o o

Device
Unlock
Mode

Device
Frozen
Mode

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Read FPDMA Queued x o o
Read Long x o o
Read Multiple x o o
Read Multiple Ext x o o
Read Native Max Address o o o
Read Native Max Address Ext o o o
Read Sector(s) x o o
Read Sector(s) Ext x o o
Read Verify Sector(s) x o o
Read Verify Sector(s) Ext x o o
Recalibrate o o o
Security Disable Password x o x
Security Erase Prepare o o o
Security Erase Unit o o x
Security Freeze Lock x o o
Security Set Password x o x
Security Unlock o o x
Seek o o o
Sense Condition o o o
Set Features o o o

Figure 14 Command table for device lock operation

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Command Device

Locked

Mode
Set Max Address X o o
Set Max Address Ext X o o
Set Max Freeze Lock o o o
Set Max Lock o o o
Set Max Set Password o o o
Set Max Unlock o o o
Set Multiple Mode o o o
Sleep o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Automatic Offline o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attrib ute Values o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Return Status o o o
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Va lues o o o
Standby o o o
Standby Immediate o o o
Write Buffer o o o
Write DMA x o o
Write DMA Ext x o o
Write DMA FUA Ext x o o
Write FPDMA Queued x o o
Write Long x o o
Write Multiple x o o
Write Multiple Ext x o o
Write Multiple FUA Ext x o o
Write Sector(s) x o o
Write Sector(s) Ext x o o

Device
Unlock
Mode

Device
Frozen
Mode

Figure 15 Command table for device lock operation - continued

12.10 Protected Area Function

Protected Area Function is to provide the ‘protected area’ which can not be accessed via conventional
method. This ‘protected area’ is used to contain critical system data such as BIOS or system
management information. The contents of entire system main memory may also be dumped into
‘protected area’ to resume after system power off.

The LBA/CYL changed by following command affects the Identify Device Information.

Two commands are defined for this function.

Read Native Max Address
Set Max Address

Four security extension commands are implemented as sub-functions of the Set Max Address.

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Set Max Set Password
Set Max Lock
Set Max Freeze Lock
Set Max Unlock

12.10.1 Example for operation (In LBA mode)

Assumptions :

For better understanding, the following example uses actual values for LBA, size, etc. Since it is just
an example, these values could be different.

Device characteristics

Capacity (native) : 53 6,870,912 byte (536MB)
Max LBA (native) : 1,048,575 (0FFFFFh)
Required size for protected area : 8,388,608 byte
Required blocks for protected area : 16,384 (004000h)
Customer usable device size : 528,482,304 byte (528MB)
Customer usable sector count : 1,032,192 (0FC000 h)
LBA range for protected area : 0FC000h to 0FFFFFh

Shipping HDDs from HDD manufacturer

When the HDDs are shipped from HDD manufacturer, the device has been tested to have a
capacity of 536MB,flagging the media defects not to be visible by system.

1. Preparing HDDs at system manufacturer

Special utility software is required to define the size of protected area and st ore the data into it.
The sequence is :
Issue Read Native Max Address command to get the real device max of LBA/CYL. Returned value shows

that native device Max LBA is 0FFFFFh regardless to the current setting.
Make entire device be accessible including the protected area by setting device Max LBA as 0FFFFFh via

Set Max Address command. The option could be either nonvolatile or volatile.
Test the sectors for protected area (LBA >= 0FC000h) if required.
Write information data such as BIOS code within the pro tec ted area.
Change maximum LBA using Se t Max Address command to 0FBFFFh with nonvolatile option.
From this point, the protected area canno t be accessed until next Set Max Address command is issued.

Any BIOSes, device drivers, or application software access the HDD as if that is the 528MB device
because the device acts exactly same as real 528MB device does.

2. Conventional usage without system software support

Since the HDD works as 528MB device, there is no special care to use this device for normal use.

3. Advanced usage using protected area

The data in the protected area is accessed by following.
Issue Read Native Max Address command to get the real device max LBA/CYL. Returned value

shows that native device Max LBA is 0FFFFFh regardless of the current setting.
Make entire device be accessible including the protected area by setting device Max LBA as

0FFFFFh via Set Max Address command with volatile option. By using this option, unexp ected
power removal or reset will not make the protected area remained accessible.

Read information data from protected area.
Issue POR to inhibit any access to the protected area.

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12.10.2 Set Max security extension commands

The Set Max Set Password command allows the host to define the password to be used during the
current power on cycle. This password is not related to the password used for the Security Mode
Feature set. When the password is set the device is in the Set Max Unlocked mode.

This command requests a transfer of a single sector of data from the host. The table shown below
defines the content of this sector of information. The password is retained by the device until the
next power cycle. When the device accepts this command the device is in Set Max Unlocked mode.

Word Content

0 Reserved

1-16 Password (32 bytes)

17-255 Reserved

Figure 16 Set Max Set Password data content

The Set Max Lock command allows the host to disable the Set Max commands (except Set Max
Unlock and Set Max Freeze Lock) until the next power cycle or the issuance and acceptance of the
Set Max Unlock command. When this command is accepted the device is in the Set Max Locked
mode.

The Set Max Unlock command changes the device from the Set Max Locked mode to the Set Max
Unlocked mode.

This command requests a transfer of a single sector of data from the host. The figure 16 shown above
defines the content of this sector of information. The password supplied in the sector of data
transferred is compared with the stored Set Max password. If the password compare fails, then the
device returns command aborted and decrements the unlock counter. On the acceptance of the Set
Max Lock command, this counter is set to a value of five and is decremented for each password
mismatch when Set Max Unlock is issued and the device is locked. When this counter reaches zero,
then the Set Max Unlock command returns command aborted until a power cycle.

The Set Max Freeze Lock command allows the host to disable the SET Max commands (including Set
Max Unlock) until the next power cycle. When this command is accepted the device is in the Set Max
Frozen mode.

The password, the Set Max security mode and the unlock counter don’t persist over a power cycle but
does persist over a COMRESET or software reset.

Note that If this command is immediately preceded by a Read Native Max Address command
regardless of Feature register value, it shall be interpreted as a Set Max Address command.

Figure 17 Set Max security mode transition

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12.11 Seek Overlap

HTS5416XXJ9SA00 provide accurate seek time measurement method. The seek command is usually
used to measure the device seek time by accumulating execution time for a number of seek
commands. With typical implementation of the seek command, this measurement must including the
device and host command overhead. To eliminate this overhead, HTS5416XXJ9SA00 overlap the
seek command as described below.

The first seek command completes before the actual seek operation is over. Then device can receive
the next seek command from the host but actual seek operation for the next seek command starts
right after the actual seek operation for the first seek command is completed. In other words, the
execution of two seek commands overlaps excluding the actual seek operation.

With this overlap, total elapsed time for a number of seek commands is the total accumulated time
for the actual seek operation plus one pre and post overhead. When the number of seeks is large, just
this one overhead can be ignored.

Figure 18 Seek overlap

12.12 Write Cache Function

Write cache is a performance enhancement whereby the device reports completion of the write
command (Write Sector(s) and Write Multiple) to the host as soon as the device has received all of
the data into its buffer. The device assumes responsibility to write the data subsequently onto the
disk.

 While writing data after complete d acknowledgment of a write command, soft reset or COMRESET
does not affect its operation. But power off terminates writing operation immediately and unwritten data are to
be lost.
 Flush cache, S oft reset, Standby, Standby Immediate and S leep are executed after the completion of
writing to disk media on enabling write cache function. So the host system can conf irm the complet ion of w rite
cache operation by issuing flush cache command, Soft reset, Standby command, Standby Immediate command
or Sleep command, and then, by confirming its completion.

12.13 Reassign Function

The reassign Function is used with read commands and write commands. The sectors of data for
reassignment are prepared as the spare data sector. The one entry can register 256 consecutive
sectors maximally.

This reassignment information is registered internally, and the information is available right after
completing the reassign function. Also the information is used on the next power on reset.

If the number of the spare sector reaches 0 sector, the reassign function will be disabled
automatically.

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The spare tracks for reassignment are located at regular intervals from Cylinder 0. As a result of
reassignment, the physical location of logically sequenced sectors will be dispersed.

12.13.1 Auto Reassign Function

The sectors that show some errors may be reallocated automatically when specific conditions are met.
The spare tracks for reallocation are located at regular intervals from Cylinder 0. The conditions for
auto-reallocation are described below.

Non recovered write errors

When a write operation can not be completed after the Error Recovery Procedure(ERP) is fully
carried out, the sector(s) are reallocated to the spare location. An error is reported to the host system
only when the write cache is disabled and the auto reallocation fails.

If the number of available spare sectors reaches 16 sectors, the write cache function will be disabled
automatically.

Non recovered read errors

When a read operation fails after defined ERP is fully carried out, a hard error is reported to the
host system. This location is registered internally as a candidate for the reallocation. When a
registered location is specified as a target of a write operation, a sequence of media verification is
performed automatically. When the result of this verification meets the criteria, this sector is
reallocated.

Recovered read errors

When a read operation for a sector failed once then recovered at the specific ERP step, this sector of
data is reallocated automatically. A media verification sequence may be run prior to the relocation
according to the pre-defined conditions.

12.14 48-bit Address Feature Set

The 48-bit Address feature set allows devices with capacities up to 281,474,976,710,655 sectors. This
allows device capacity up to 144,115,188,075,855,360 bytes. In addition, the number of sectors that
may be transferred by a single command are increased by increasing the allowable sector count to 16
bits.

Commands unique to the 48-bit Address feature set are:

 Flush Cache Ext
 Read DMA Ext
 Read Multiple Ext
 Read Native Max Address Ext
 Read Sector(s) Ext
 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext
 Set Max Address Ext
 Write DMA Ext
 Write Multiple Ext
 Write Sector(s) Ext

The 48-bit Address feature set operates in LBA addressing only. Devices also implement commands
using 28-bit addressing, and 28-bit and 48-bit commands may be intermixed.

Support of the 48-bit Address feature set is indicated in the Identify Device response bit 10 word 83.
In addition, the maximum user LBA address accessible by 48-bit addressable commands is contained
in Identify Device response words 100 through 103.

When the 48-bit Address feature set is implemented, the native maximum address is the value
returned by a Read Native Max Address Ext command. If the native maximum address is equal to or
less than 268,435,455, a Read Native Max Address shall return the native maximum address. If the
native maximum address is greater than 268,435,455, a Read Native Max Address shall return a
value of 268,435,455.

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12.15 Software Setting Preservation Feature Set

When a device is enumerated, software will configure the device using Set Features and other
commands. These software settings are often preserved across software reset but not necessarily
across hardware reset. In Parallel ATA, only commanded hardware resets can occur, thus legacy
software only reprograms settings that are cleared for the particular type of reset it has issued. In
Serial ATA, COMRESET is equivalent to hard reset and a non-commanded COMRESET may occur
if there is an asynchronous loss of signal. Since COMRESET is equivalent to hardware reset, in the
case of an asynchronous loss of signal some software settings may be lost without legacy software
knowledge. In order to avoid losing important software settings without legacy driver knowledge,
the software settings preservation ensures that the value of important software settings is
maintained across a COMRESET. Software settings preservation may be enabled or disabled using
Set Features with a subcommand code of 06h. Software settings preservation is enabled by default.

12.15.1 Preserved software settings

If Software setting preservation is enabled, the following settings are preserved across COMRESET.
Otherwise settings are cleared across COMRESET.

Setting Contents

Initialize device parameters

Track length
Number of head
Number of cylinder
Capacity

Power Management Feature Set Standb y Timer Time to fall into sta nd by mode

Security freeze lock Security mode state

Security unlock
Set max address Capacity
Set feature

Set multiple mode Block size

Figure 19 Preserved Software Setting

Write Cache Enable/Disable

Set Transfer Mode

Advanced Power Management Ena ble/Disable

Read Look-Ahead

Reverting to Defaults

12.16 Native Command Queuing

Native Command Queuing feature (Read / Write FPDMA Queued commands) is supported. Please
refer to the Serial ATA II Specification about Native Command Queuing.

The host shall not issue a legacy ATA command while a native queued command is outstanding.
Upon receiving a legacy ATA command while a native queued command is outstanding, the device
aborts the command and halts command processing of outstanding native queued commands.

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13 Command Protocol

The commands are grouped into different classes according to the protocols followed for command
execution. The command classes with their associated protocols are defined below.

Please refer to Serial ATA Revision 1.0a (Section 9. device command layer protocol) and Serial ATA
II: Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0a (Section 4. Command layer) about each protocol.

For all commands, the host must first check if BSY=1, and should proceed no further unless and
until BSY=0. For all commands, the host must also wait for RDY=1 before proceeding.

A device must maintain either BSY=1 or DRQ=1 at all times until the command is completed. The
INTRQ signal is used by the device to signal most, but not all, times when the BSY bit is changed
from 1 to 0 during command execution.

A command shall only be interrupted with a COMRESET or software reset. The result of writing to
the Command register while BSY=1 or DRQ=1 is unpredictable and may result in data corruption. A
command should only be interrupted by a reset at times when the host thinks there may be a
problem, such as a device that is no longer responding.

Interrupts are cleared when the host reads the Status Register, issues a reset, or writes to the
Command Register.

“Timeout Values” on Page 5 shows the device timeout values.

13.1 Data In Commands

These commands are:

 Device Configuration Iden ti fy
 Identify Device
 Read Buffer
 Read Long
 Read Multiple
 Read Multiple Ext
 Read Sector(s)
 Read Sector(s) Ext
 S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Values
 S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Threshol ds
 S.M.A.R.T. Read log sector

Execution includes the transfer of one or more 512 byte (>512 bytes on Read Long) sectors of data
from the device to the host.

Note that the status data for a sector of data is available in the Status Register before the sector is
transferred to the host.

If the device detects an invalid parameter, then it will abort the command by setting BSY=0, ERR=1,
ABT=1.

If an error occurs, the device will set BSY=0, ERR=1, and DRQ=1. The device will then store the
error status in the Error Register. The registers will contain the location of the sector in error. The
erroneous location will be reported with CHS mode or LBA mode, the mode is decided by mode select
bit (bit 6) of Device register on issuing the command.

If an Uncorrectable Data Error (UNC=1) occurs, the defective data will be transferred from the
media to the sector buffer, and will be available to be transferred to the host, at the host’s option. In
case of Read Multiple command, the host should complete transfer the block which includes the error
from the sector buffer and terminate whatever kind of type of error occurred.

All data transfers to the host through the Data Register are 16 bits, except for the ECC bytes, which
are 8 bits.

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13.2 Data Out Commands

These commands are:

 Device Configuration S et
 Format Track
 Security Disable Password
 Security Erase Unit
 Security Set Password
 Security Unlock
 Set Max Set Password
 Set Max Unlock
 S.M.A.R.T Write Log Se ctor
 Write Buffer
 Write Long
 Write Multiple
 Write Multiple Ext
 Write Sector(s)
 Write Sector(s) Ext

Execution includes the transfer of one or more 512 byte (>512 bytes on Write Long) sectors of data
from the host to the device.

If the device detects an invalid parameter, then it will abort the command by setting BSY=0, ERR=1,
ABT=1.

If an uncorrectable error occurs, the device will set BSY=0 and ERR=1, store the error status in the
Error Register. The registers will contain the location of the sector in error. The errored location will
be reported with CHS mode or LBA mode. The mode is decided by mode select bit (bit 6) of Device
register on issuing the command.

All data transfers to the device through the Data Register are 16 bits, except for the ECC bytes,
which are 8 bits.

13.3 Non-Data Commands

These commands are:

 Check Power Mode
 Device Configuration Freeze Lock
 Device Configuration Re st ore
 Execute Device Diagnostic
 Flush Cache
 Flush Cache Ext
 Format Unit
 Idle
 Idle Immediate
 Initialize Device Parame ters
 Read Native Max A ddress
 Read Native Max Address Ext
 Read Verify Sector(s)
 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext
 Recalibrate
 Security Erase Prepare
 Security Freeze Lock
 Seek
 Sense Conditio n
 Set Features
 Set Max Address
 Set Max Address Ext
 Set Max Lock
 Set Max Freeze Lock
 Set Multiple Mode

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 Sleep
 S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations
 S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disab le Attr ibu te Aut osave
 S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable A utoma tic Off-line
 S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations
 S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate
 S.M.A.R.T. Return Status
 S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values
 Standby
 Standby Immediate

Execution of these commands involves no data transfer.

13.4 DMA Data Transfer Commands

These commands are:

 Read DMA
 Read DMA Ext
 Write DMA
 Write DMA Ext

Initiation of the DMA transfer commands is identical to the Read Sector or Write Sector commands
except that the host initializes the slave-DMA channel prior to issuing the command.

The DMA protocol allows high performance multi-tasking operating systems to eliminate processor
overhead associated with PIO transfers.

Refer HTS5416XXJ9SA00 Final Functional Specification for further details.

13.5 First-parity DMA Commands

These commands are:

 Read FPDMA Queued
 Write FPDMA Queued

Execution of this class of commands includes command queuing and the transfer of one or more
blocks of data between the device and the host. The protocol is described in the section 4.2 “Native
Command Queuing” of “Serial ATA II: Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0a”.

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14 Command Descriptions

Code Protocol Command

(Hex) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
3 Check Power Mode E5 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
3 Check Power Mode* 98 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
3 Device Configuration Restore B1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
3 Device Configuration Freeze Lock B1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 Device Configuration Identify B1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
2 Device Configuration Set B1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
3 Execute Device Diagnostic 90 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
3 Flush Cache E7 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
3 Flush Cache Ext EA 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
2 Format Track 50 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0

3+ Format Unit F7 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

1 Identify Device EC 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
3 Idle E3 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
3 Idle* 97 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
3 Idle Immediate E1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
3 Idle Immediate* 95 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
3 Initialize Device Parameters 91 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
1 Read Buffer E4 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
4 Read DMA C8 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
4 Read DMA C9 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
4 Read DMA Ext 25 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
5 Read FPDMA Queued 60 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 Read Log Ext 2F 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
1 Read Long 22 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
1 Read Long 23 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
1 Read Multiple C4 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 Read Multiple Ext 29 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
3 Read Native Max Address F8 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
3 Read Native Max Address Ext 27 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
1 Read Sector(s) 20 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 Read Sector(s) 21 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 Read Sector(s) Ext 24 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
3 Read Verify Sector(s) 40 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Read Verify Sector(s) 41 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
3 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext 42 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
3 Recalibrate 1x 0 0 0 1 - - - ­2 Security Disable Password F6 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
3 Security Erase Prepare F3 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
2 Security Erase Unit F4 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
3 Security Freeze Lock F5 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
2 Security Set Password F1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
2 Security Unlock F2 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
3 Seek 7x 0 1 1 1 - - - ­3 Sense Condition F0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 Set Features EF 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1

Figure 20 Command set

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Code Protocol Command

(Hex) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
3 Set Max Address F9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
3 Set Max Address Ext 37 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
3 Set Max Freeze Lock F9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
3 Set Max Lock F9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
2 Set Max Set Password F9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
2 Set Max Unlock F9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
3 Set Multiple Mode C6 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
3 Sleep E6 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
3 Sleep* 99 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
3 S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Attribute Auto save B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Automatic Off-line B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Values B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 S.M.A.R.T. Return Status B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
2 S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector B0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
3 Standby E2 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
3 Standby* 96 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
3 Standby Immediate E0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
3 Standby Immediate* 94 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
2 Write Buffer E8 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
4 Write DMA CA 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
4 Write DMA CB 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
4 Write DMA Ext 35 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
4 Write DMA FUA Ext 3D 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
5 Write FPDMA Queued 61 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
2 Write Log Ext 3F 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 Write Long 32 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
2 Write Long 33 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
2 Write Multiple C5 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
2 Write Multiple Ext 39 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
2 Write Multiple FUA Ext CE 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
2 Write Sector(s) 30 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
2 Write Sector(s) 31 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
2 Write Sector(s) Ext 34 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0

Protocol : 1 : PIO data IN command

2 : PIO data OUT command
3 : Non data command
4 : DMA command
5 : First-parity DMA command

+ : Vendor specific command

Figure 21 Command Set - continued

Commands marked * are alternate command codes for previously defined commands.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Command (Subcommand) Command code

(Hex)

(S.M.A.R.T Function)
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Values B0 D0
S.M.A.R.T. Read Attribute Thresholds B0 D1
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Attrib ute Autosave B0 D2
S.M.A.R.T. Save Attribute Values B0 D3
S.M.A.R.T. Execute Off-line Immediate B0 D4
S.M.A.R.T. Rea d Lo g S ec t or B0 D5
S.M.A.R.T. Write Log Sector B0 D6
S.M.A.R.T. Enable Operations B0 D8
S.M.A.R.T. Disable Operations B0 D9
S.M.A.R.T. Re turn Status B0 DA
S.M.A.R.T. Enable/Disable Automatic Off-line B0 DB
(Set Features)
Enable Write Cache EF 02
Set Transfer Mode EF 03
Enable Advanced Power Management feature EF 05
Enable Power-Up in Standby feature EF 06
Power-Up in Standby feature device Spin-Up EF 07
Enable use of Serial ATA feature EF 10
Enable Automatic Acoustic Management (AA M) EF 42
52 bytes of ECC apply on Read/Write Long EF 44
Disable read look-ahead feature EF 55
Disable reverting to power on defaults EF 66
Disable write cache EF 82
Disable Advanced Power Management feature EF 85
Disable Power-Up in Standby feature EF 86
Disable use of Serial ATA feature EF 90
Enable read look-ahead feature EF AA
4 bytes of ECC apply on Read/Write Long EF BB
Disable AAM EF C2
Enable reverting to power on defaults EF CC
(Set Max security extension)
Set Max Set Password F9 01
Set Max Lock F9 02
Set Max Unlock F9 03
Set Max Freeze Lock F9 04
(Device Configuration Overlay)
Device Configuration Restore B1 C0
Device Configuration Freeze Lock B1 C1
Device Configuration Identify B1 C2
Device Configuration Set B1 C3

Feature

Register

(Hex)

Figure 22 Command Set (Subcommand)

“Command set” on 5 shows the commands that are supported by the device. “ Command Set
(Subcommand)” on Page 5 shows the sub-commands that are supported by each command or feature.

The following symbols are used in the command descriptions:

Output Registers

Indicates that the bit must be set to 0.

0

Indicates that the bit must be set to 1.

1

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Head number. Indicates that the head number part of the Device Regis ter is an output parameter and should

H

be specified.
LBA mode. Indicates the addressing mode. Zero specifies CHS mode and one does LBA addressing mode.

L

Retry. Original meaning is already obsolete, there is no difference between 0 and 1. (Using 0 is

R

recommended for future compatibility.)
Option Bit. Indicates that the Option Bit of the Sector Count Register should be specified. (This bit is used by

B

Set Max ADDRESS command)
Valid. Indicates that the bit is part of an output parameter and should be specified.

V

Indicates that the hex character is not used.

x

Indicates that the bit is not used.

­Input Registers

Indicates that the bit is always set to 0.

0

Indicates that the bit is always set to 1.

1

Head number. Indicates that the he ad number part of the Device Register is an input parameter and will be set

H

by the device.
Valid. Indicates that the bit is part of an in put parameter and will be set to 0 or 1 by the device.

V

Not recommendable condition for start up. Indicates that the condition of device is not recommendable for

N

start up.
Indicates that the bit is not part of an input parameter.

-

The command descriptions show the contents of the Status and Error Registers after the device has
completed processing the command.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count V V V V V V V V
LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 0 0 - - 0 0 V

Figure 23 Check Power Mode Command (E5h/98h)

The Check Power Mode command will report whether the device is spun up and the media is
available for immediate access.

Input Parameters From The Device
Sector Count

The power mode code. The command returns FFh in the Sector Count Register if the sp indle
motor is at speed and the device is not in Standby or Sleep mode. Otherwise, the Sector Count
Register will be set to 0.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.2 Device Configuration Overlay (B1h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature 1 0 1 0 V V V V Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count V V V V V V V V
LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid V V V V V V V V
LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High V V V V V V V V
Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - -
Command 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 V V 0 - V - 0 V

Figure 24 Device Configuration Overlay Command (B1h)

Individual Device Configuration Overlay feature set commands are identified by the value placed in
the Features register. The table below shows these Features register values.

Value Command

C0h DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE
C1h DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK
C2h DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY
C3h DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET

other Reserved

Figure 25 Device Configuration Overlay Features register values

14.2.1 DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE (subcommand

C0h)

The DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE command discard any setting previously made by a
DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET command and return the content of the IDENTIFY DEVICE
command response to the original settings as indicated by the data returned from the execution of a
DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY command.

14.2.2 DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK

(subcommand C1h)

The DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK command prevents accidental modification of the
Device Configuration Overlay settings. After successful execution of a DEVICE CONFIGURATION
FREEZE LOCK command, all DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET, DEVICE CONFIGURATION
FREEZE LOCK, DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY, and DEVICE CONFIGURATION
RESTORE commands are aborted by the device. The DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK
condition shall be cleared by a power-down. The DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK
condition shall not be cleared by COMRESET or software reset.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.2.3 DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY (subcommand

C2h)

The DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY command returns a 512 byte data structure via PIO
data-in transfer. The content of this data structure indicates the selectable commands, modes, and
feature sets that the device is capable of supporting. If a DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET command
has been issued reducing the capabilities, the response to an IDENTIFY DEVICE or IDENTIFY
PACKET DEVICE command will reflect the reduced set of capabilities, while the DEVICE
CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY command will reflect the entire set of selectable capabilities.

The format of the Device Configuration Overlay data structure is shown on next page.

14.2.4 DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET (subcommand C3h)

The DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET command allows a device manufacturer or a personal
computer system manufacturer to reduce the set of optional commands, modes, or feature sets
supported by a device as indicated by a DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY command. The
DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET command transfers an overlay that modifies some of the bits set
in words 63, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, and 88 of the IDENTIFY DEVICE command response. When the bits
in these words are cleared, the device no longer supports the indicated command, mode, or feature
set. If a bit is set in the overlay transmitted by the device that is not set in the overlay received from
a DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY command, no action is taken for that bit.

The format of the overlay transmitted by the device is described in the table at next page. The
restrictions on changing these bits are described in the text following that table. If any of the bit
modification restrictions described are violated or any setting is changed with DEVICE
CONFIGURATION SET command, the device shall return command aborted. At that case, error
reason code is returned to sector count register, invalid word location is returned to LBA High
register, and invalid bit location is returned to LBA Mid register. The Definition of error information
is shown on the next page.

ERROR INFORMATION EXAMPLE 1:

After establish a protected area with SET MAX address, if a user attempts to execute DC SET or DC
RESTORE, device abort that command and return error reason code as below.

LBA High : 03h = word 3 is invalid
LBA Mid : 00h this register is not assigned in this case
Sector count : 06h = Protected area is now established

ERROR INFORMATION EXAMPLE 2:

When device is enabled the Security feature set, if user attempts to disable that feature, device abort
that command and return error reason code as below.

LBA High : 07h = word 7 is invalid
LBA Mid : 08h = bit 3 is invalid
Sector count : 04h = now Security feature set is enabled

Word Content

0 0002h Data Structure revision
1 Multiword DM A modes supported
15-3 Reserved
2 1 = Multiword DMA mode 2 and below are supported
1 1 = Multiword DMA mode 1 and below are supported
0 1 = Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported
2 Ultra DMA modes supported
15-6 Reserved
5 1 = Ultra DMA mode 5 and below are supported
4 1 = Ultra DMA mode 4 and below are supported

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

3 1 = Ultra DMA mode 3 and below are supported
2 1 = Ultra DMA mode 2 and below are supported
1 1 = Ultra DMA mode 1 and below are supported
0 1 = Ultra DMA mode 0 is supported

3-6 Maximum LBA address

7 Command set/feature set supported
15-9 Reserved

8 1 = 48-bit Addressing feature set supported

7 1 = Host Protected Area feature set supported

6 1 = Automatic acoustic management supported

5 Reserved

4 1 = Power-Up in Standby feature set supported
3 1 = Security feature set supported
2 1 = SMART error log supported
1 1 = SMART self-test supported
0 1 = SMART feature set supported
8 Automatic Acous tic Mode sta tus
9 Automatic Acous tic Mo de curr ent value

10 SATA feature

15-5 Reserved

4 1 = Software setting preservation supported

3 Reserved

2 1 = Interface power management supported

1 1 = Non-zero buffer offset in DMA Setup FIS supported

0 1 = Native command queuing supported

11-254 Reserved

255 Integrity word <Note .>
15-8 Checksum
7-0 Signature (A5h)

Figure 26 Device Configuration Overlay Data structure

Note.

Bits 7:0 of this word contain the value A5h. Bits 15:8 of this word contain the data structure
checksum. The data structure checksum is the two’s complement of the sum of all byte in words 0
through 254 and the byte consisting of bits 7:0 of word 255. Each byte is added with unsigned
arithmetic, and overflow is ignored. The sum of all bytes is zero when the checksum is correct.

LBA High invalid word location
LBA Mid invalid bit location (bits (7:0))
LBA Low invalid bit location (bits (15:8))
Sector count error reason code & description
01h DCO feature is frozen
02h Device is now Security Locked mode
03h Device’s feature is already modified with DCO
04h User attempt to disable any featur e enabled
05h Device is now SET MAX Locked or Frozen mode
06h Protected area is now established
07h DCO is not supported
08h Subcommand code is invali d
FFh other reason

Figure 27 DCO error information definition

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.3 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 V V V V V V V 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0

Figure 28 Execute Device Diagnostic Command (9 0h )

The Execute Device Diagnostic command performs the internal diagnostic tests implemented by the
device. The results of the test are stored in the Error Register.

The normal Error Register bit definitions do not apply to this command. Instead, the register
contains a diagnostic code. See “Diagnostic Codes” on Page 5 for the definition.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.4 Flush Cache (E7h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 29 Flush Cache Com mand (E7h)

This command causes the device to complete writing data from its cache.

The device returns a status, RDY=1 and DSC=1 (50h), after following sequence.

 Data in the write cache buffer is written to disk media.
 Return a successfully completion.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.5 Flush Cache Ext (EAh)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 43210 Register 76 5 4 3 2 10
Data Low - - - ----- Data Low -- - - - - -­Data High - - - ----- Data High -- - - - - --

Current - - - ----- Error ...See Below... Feature
Previous - - - -----
Current - - - ----- HOB=0-- - - - - --Sector Count
Previous - - - ----­Current - - - ----- HOB=0-- - - - - --LBA Low
Previous - - - ----­Current - - - ----- HOB=0-- - - - - --LBA Mid
Previous - - - ----­Current - - - ----- HOB=0-- - - - - --LBA High

Previous - - - ----­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - -
Command 1 1 1 01010 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 30 Flush Cache EXT Command (E Ah)

Sector Count

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA Low

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA Mid

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA High

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

This command causes the device to complete writing data from its cache.

The device returns good status after data in the write cache is written to disk media.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.6 Format Track (50h: Vendor Specific)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low V V V V V V V V LBA Low V V V V V V V V
LBA Mid V V V V V V V V LBA Mid V V V V V V V V
LBA High V V V V V V V V LBA High V V V V V V V V
Device - L - - H H H H Device - - - - H H H H
Command 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 V 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 31 Format Track Command (50h)

The Format Track command formats a single logical track on the device. Each good sector of data on
the track will be initialized to zero with write operation. At this time, whether the sector of data is
initialized correctly is not verified with read operation. Any data previously stored on the track will
be lost.

Output Parameters To The Device
LBA Low
LBA High/Mid

H

Input Parameters From The Device
LBA Low
LBA High/Mid
H

In LBA mode, this command formats a single logical track including the specified LBA.

In LBA mode, this register specifies LBA address bits 0 - 7 to be formatted. (L=1)
The cylinder number of the track to be formatted. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register specifies LBA address bits 8 - 15 (Mid), 16 - 23 (High) to be
formatted. (L=1)
The head number of the track to be formatted. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register specifies LBA address bits 24 - 27 to be formatted. (L=1)

In LBA mode, this register specifies current LBA address bits 0-7. (L=1)
In LBA mode, this register specifies current LBA address bits 8 - 15 (Mid), 16 - 23 (High)
In LBA mode, this register specifies current LBA address bits 24 - 27. (L=1)

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.7 Format Unit (F7h: Vendor Specific)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature V V V V V V V V Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 8 9 10 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 V 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 32 Format Unit Comm and (F7h)

The Format Unit command initializes all user data sectors after merging reassigned sector location
into the defect information of the device and clearing the reassign information. Both new reassign
information and new defect information are available right after this command completion, and are
also used on next power on reset. Both previous information are erased from the device by this
command.

Note that the Format Unit command initializes from LBA 0 to Native MAX LBA. Host MAX LBA set
by Initialize Drive Parameter or Set MAX ADDRESS command is ignored. So the protected area by
Set MAX ADDRESS commands is also initialized.

The security erase prepare command should be completed immediately prior to the Format Unit
command. If the device receives a Format Unit command without a prior Security Erase Prepare
command the device aborts the Format Unit command.

If Feature register is NOT 11h, the device returns Abort error to the host.

This command does not request to data transfer.

Output Parameters To The Device
Feature

11H Mer ge reassigned location into the defect infor m ation

The execution time of this command is shown below.

Destination code for this command

HTS541616J9SA00
HTS541612J9SA00
HTS541680J9SA00
HTS541660J9SA00 37 min
HTS541640J9SA00

81 min
71 min
42 min

22 min

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.8 Identify Device (ECh)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 - - 0 0 V

Figure 33 Identify Device Command (ECh)

The Identify Device command requests the device to transfer configuration information to the host.
The device will transfer a sector to the host containing the information in “Identify device
information” on Page 5-5.

Word Content Description

00 045xH Drive classification, bit assignments:
15 (=0): 1=ATAPI device, 0=ATA device
* 14 (=0): 1=format speed tolerance gap required
* 13 (=0): 1=track offset option available
* 12 (=0): 1=data strobe offset option available
* 11 (=0): 1=rotational speed tolerance > 0.5%
* 10 (=1): 1=disk transfer rate > 10 Mbps
* 9 (=0): 1=disk transfer rate > 5 Mbps but <= 10 Mbps
* 8 (=0): 1=disk transfer rate <= 5 Mbps
7 (=0): 1=removable cartridge device
6 (=1): 1=fixed device
* 5 (=0): 1=spindle motor control option implemented
* 4 (=1): 1=head switch time > 15 us
* 3 (=1): 1=not MFM encoded
2 (=x): 1=Identify data incomplete
* 1 (=1): 1=hard sectored
0 (=0): Reserved

01 Note.2 Number of cylinders in default translate mode

02 xxxxh Specific configuration
C837h SET FEATURES subcommand is not required to spin-up

and IDENTIFY DEVICE response is complete

37C8h SET FEATURES subcommand is required to spin-up and

IDENTIFY DEVICE response is incomplete

03 Note.2 Number of heads in default trans late m ode

04-05 0 * Reserved

06 003FH Number of sectors per track in default translate mode

07-09 0 Reserved

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

10-19 XXXX Serial number in ASCII (0 = not specified)

20 0003H * Controller type:

0003: dual ported, multiple sector buffer with look-ahead read
21 Note.2 * Buffer size in number of sectors
22 00xxH * Number of ECC bytes as currently selected via the set features command

23-26 XXXX Microcode version in ASCII
27-46 Note.2 Model number in ASCII

47 8010H Maximum number of sectors that can be transferred per interrupt on Read

and Write Multiple commands
15-8 : (=80h)
7-0 : Maximum number of sectors that can be transferred per

interrupt.

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Note.2 See following table ‘Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by models for Number of
cylinders/heads/sectors by models for HTS5416XXJ9SA00 on Page 5

Figure 34 Identify device information

48 0000H * Capable of double word I/O, ‘0000’= cannot perform

49 0F00H Capabilities, bit assignments:
15-14 (=0) Reserved
13 (=0) 0= Standby timer value are vendor specific
12 (=0) Reserved
11 (=1) 1= IORDY Supported
10 (=1) 1= IORDY can be disabled
9 (=1) 1=LBA Supported
8 (=1) 1=DMA Supported
* 7- 0 (=0) Reserved

50 4000H Capabilities
15 (=0) 0=the contents of word 50 are valid
14 (=1) 1=the contents of word 50 are valid

13- 2 (=0) Reserved
1 (=0) Obsolete

0 (=0) 1=the device has a minimum Standby timer value that is

device specific
51 0200H * PIO data transfer cycle timing mode
52 0200H * DMA data transfer cycle timing mode

Refer Word 62 and 63

53 0007H Validity flag of the word

15- 3(=0) Reserved
2(=1) 1=Word 88 is Valid
1(=1) 1=Word 64-70 are Valid
0(=1) 1=Word 54-58 are Valid

54 xxxxH Number of current cylinders
55 xxxxH Number of current heads
56 xxxxH Number of current sectors per track

57-58 xxx xH Current capacity in sectors

Word 57 specifies the low word of the capacity

59 0xxxH Current Multiple setting. bit assignments

15- 9 (=0) Reserved
8 1= Multiple Sector Setting is Valid
7- 0 xxh = Current setting for number of sectors

60-61 Note.2 Total Number of User Addressable Sectors

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Word 60 specifies the low word of the number
FFFFFFFh=The 48-bit native max address is greater than 268,435,4 55

62 0000H * Reserved

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Note.2 See following table ‘Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by models for Number of
cylinders/heads/sectors by models for HTS5416XXJ9SA00 on Page 5

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

Figure 35 Identify device information --- Continued ---

63 0x07H Multiword D MA Transfer Capability

15-11(=0) Reserved
10 1=Multiword DMA mode 2 is selected
9 1=Multiword DMA mode 1 is selected
8 1=Multiword DMA mode 0 is selected
7- 3 (=0) Reserved
2 (=1) 1=Multiword DMA mode 2 is supported
1 (=1) 1=Multiword DMA mode 1 is supported
0 (=1) 1=Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported

64 0003H Flow Control PIO Transfer Modes Supported

15- 8 (=0) Reserved
7- 0 (=3) Advanced PIO Transfer Modes Supported
‘11’ = PIO Mode 3 and 4 Supported

65 0078H Minimum Multiword DMA Transfer Cycle Time Per Word

15- 0 (=78h) Cycle time in nanoseconds (120ns, 16.6MB/s)

66 0078H Manufacturer’s Recommended Multiword DMA Transfer Cycle Time

15- 0 (=78h) Cycle time in nanoseconds (120ns, 16.6MB/s)

67 0078H Minimum PIO Transfer Cycle Time Without Flow Control

15- 0 (=78h) Cycle time in nanoseconds (120ns, 16.6MB/s)

68 0078H Minimum PIO Transfer Cycle Time With IORDY Flow Control

15- 0 (=78h) Cycle time in nanoseconds (120ns, 16.6MB/s)

69-74 0000H Reserved

75 001FH Queue depth

15-5(=0) Reserved
4-0(=1Fh) Maximum queued depth - 1

76 0x02H SATA capabilities

15-11(=0) Reserved
10(=0) Phy event counters

Receipt of host-initiated interface power management

9(=1)

requests
**8(=x) Native Command Queuing supported
7-3(=0) Reserved
2(=0) SATA Gen-2 speed (3.0Gbps) supported
1(=1) SATA Gen-1 speed (1.5Gbps) supported

0(=0) Reserved
77 0000H Reserved
78 00xxH SATA supported features

15-7(=0) Reserved
**6(=x) Software setting preservation
5(=0) Reserved
**4(=x) In-order data delivery
**3(=x) Device initiated interface power management
**2(=x) DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
**1(=x) Non-zero buffer offset in DMA Setup FIS
0(=0) Reserved

79 00xxH SATA enabled features

15-7(=0) Reserved
**6(=x) Software setting preservation
5(=0) Reserved

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

**4(=x) In-order data delivery
**3(=x) Device initiated interface power management
**2(=x) DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
**1(=x) Non-zero buffer offset in DMA Setup FIS
0(=0) Reserved

80 00FCH Major version number

ATA-1,2.3 and ATA/ATAPI-4, 5, 6, 7
81 001AH Minor version number—ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 1 -­82 746BH Command set supported

15 (=0) Reserved
14 (=1) 1=NOP command supported
13 (=1) 1=READ BUFFER command supported
12 (=1) 1=WRITE BUFFER command supported
11 (=0) Reserved
**10 (=1) 1=Host Protected Area Feature Set supp orted
9 (=0) 1=DEVICE RESET command supported
8 (=0) 1=SERVICE interrupt supported
7 (=0) 1=release interrupt supported
6 (=1) 1=look-ahead supported
5 (=1) 1=write cache supported
4 (=0) 1=supports PACKET Command Feature Set
3 (=1) 1=supports Power Management Feature Set
2 (=0) 1=supports Removable Media Feature Set
**1 (=1) 1=supports Security Feature Set
**0 (=1) 1=supports S.M.A.R.T Feature Set

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Note.2 The feature marked ‘**’ is able to be unsupported by the Device Configuration Overlay
command.

Figure 36 Identify device information --- Continued ---

83 7F69H Command set supported

15 (=0) Always
14 (=1) Always
13 (=1) 1=FLUSH CACHE EXT command supported
12 (=1) 1=FLUSH CACHE command supported
11 (=1) 1=Device Configuration Overlay command supported
10 (=1) 1=48-bit Address feature set supported
9 (=1) 1=Automatic Acoustic Management supported
**8 (=1) 1=SET MAX security extension supported
7 (=0) Reserved
6 (=1) 1=SET FEATURES subcommand required to spin-up
5 (=1) 1=Power-Up In Standby feature set supported
4 (=0) 1=Removable Media Status Notification Feature S et

supported

3 (=1) 1=Advanced Power Management Feature Set

supported
2 (=0) 1=CFA Feature Set supported
1 (=0) 1=READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED supported

0 (=1) Download Microcode Command Supported

84 4163H Command set/feature supported extension

15 (=0) Always

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14 (=1) Always

13 (=0) 1=IDLE IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD FEATURE

supported

12- 11 (=0) Reserved
10 (=0) 1=URG bit supported for WRITE STREAM DMA

EXT and WRITE STREAM EXT

9 (=0) 1=URG bit supported for READ STREAM DMA

EXT and READ STREAM EXT

8 (=1) 1=64-bit World wide name supported
7 (=0) 1=WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command

supported

6 (=1) 1=WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE

FUA EXT commands supported
5 (=1) 1=General Purpose Logging feature set supported
4- 2 (=0) Reserved
**1 (=1) 1=SMART self-test supported
**0 (=1) 1=SMART error logging supported

85 74xxH Command set/feature enabled
15 (=0) Obsolete
14 (=1) 1=NOP command supported
13 (=1) 1=READ BUFFER command supported
12 (=1) 1=WRITE BUFFER command supported
11 (=0) Reserved
**10 (=1) 1=Host Protected Area Feature Set supported
9 (=0) 1=DEVICE RESET command supported
8 (=0) 1=SERVICE interrupt enabled
7 (=0) 1=release interrupt enabled
6 (=x) 1=look-ahead enabled
5 (=x) 1=write cache enabled
4 (=0) 1=supports PACKET Command Feature Set
3 (=1) 1=supports Power Management Feature Set
2 (=0) 1=supports Removable Media Feature Set
1 (=x) 1=Security Feature Set enabled
0 (=x) 1=S.M.A.R.T Feature Set enabled

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Note.2 The feature marked ‘**’ is able to be unsupported by the Device Configuration Overlay
command.

Figure 37 Identify device information --- Continued ---

86 3xxxH Command set/feature enabled

* 15- 14 (=0) Reserved
13 (=1) 1=FLUSH CACHE EXT command supported
12 (=1) 1= FLUSH CACHE command supported
11 (=x) 1=Device Configuration Overlay supported

* 10 (=1) 1= 48-bit Address feature set supported
9 (=x) 1=Automatic Acoustic Management enabled

8 (=x) 1=SET MAX security extension enabled
7 (=0) Reserved
6 (=1) 1=SET FEATURES subcommand required to spin-up
5 (=x) 1=Power-Up In Standby feature set has been enabled

via the SET FEATURES command

4 (=0) 1=Removable Media Status Notification Feature Set

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

enabled
3 (=x) 1=Advanced Power Management Feature Set enabled
2 (=0) 1=CFA Feature Set supported
1 (=0) 1=READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED command

supported
0 (=1) 1=DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command supported

87 4163H Command set/feature enabled
15 (=0) Always
14 (=1) Always

13 (=0) 1=IDLE IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD FEATURE

supported

12- 11 (=0) Reserved

10 (=0) 1=URG bit supported for WRITE STREAM DMA

EXT and WRITE STREAM EXT
9 (=0) 1=URG bit supported for READ STREAM DMA

EXT and READ STREAM EXT
8 (=1) 1=64 bit World wide name supported
7 (=0) 1=WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command

supported
6 (=1) 1=WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE

FUA EXT command supported
5 (=1) 1=General Purpose Logging feature set supported
4- 2 (=0) Reserved
1 (=1) 1=SMART self-test supported
0 (=1) 1=SMART error logging supported

88 xx3FH Ultra DMA Transfer mode (mode 5 supported)
15 (=0) Reserved

14 (=0) 1=UltraDMA mode 6 is selected

13 (=x) 1=UltraDMA mode 5 is selected
12 (=x) 1=UltraDMA mode 4 is selected
11 (=x) 1=UltraDMA mode 3 is selected
10 (=x) 1=UltraDMA mode 2 is selected
9 (=x) 1=UltraDMA mode 1 is selected
8 (=x) 1=UltraDMA mode 0 is selected
7 (=0) Reserved
6 (=0) 1=UltraDMA mode 6 is supported
**5 (=1) 1=UltraDMA mode 5 is supported
**4 (=1) 1=UltraDMA mode 4 is supported
**3 (=1) 1=UltraDMA mode 3 is supported
**2 (=1) 1=UltraDMA mode 2 is supported
**1 (=1) 1=UltraDMA mode 1 is supported
0 (=1) 1=UltraDMA mode 0 is supported

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Note.2 The feature marked ‘**’ is able to be unsupported by the Device Configuration Overlay
command.

Figure 38 Identify device information --- Continued ---

89 xxxxH Time required for security erase unit completion

Time= value(xxxxh)*2 [m inutes]

90 0000H Time required for Enhanced security erase completion

0000 : Not supported

91 40xxH Current Advanced Power Management level

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

15- 8 (=40h) Reserved
7- 0 (=xxh) Currect Advanced Power Management level set by Set

Features Command (01h to FEh)
92 xxxxH Current Master Password Revision Codes
93 0000H Reserved

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Figure 39 Identify device information --- Continued ---

94 80x xH Automatic Acoustic Management value

15-8Vendor’s Recomme nded Acoustic Management level
7-0 Current Automatic Acoustic Management value
Default value is FEh

95 0000H Stream Minimum Request Size
96 0000H Streaming Transfer Time – DMA
97 0000H Streaming Access Latency – DMA and PIO

98-99 0000H Streaming Performance Granularity

100-103 Note.2 Maximum user LBA address for 48-bit Address feature set

104 0000H Streaming Transfer Time - PIO

105-106 0000H Reserved

107 8848H Inter seek delay time (1.5tt + 2.5tl)
108-111 XXXX World Wide Name
112-118 0000H Reserved

119 4000H Supported Setting

15 (=0) Always
14 (=1) Always
13-3 (=0) Reserved
2 (=0) 1=WRITE UNCORRECTABLE is supported
1 (=0 1=Write Read Verify feature set is supported
0 (=0)Reserved

120 4000H Enabled Setting

15 (=0) Always
14 (=1) Always
13-3 (=0) Reserved
2 (=0) 1=WRITE UNCORRECTABLE is supported
1 (=0) 1=Write Read Verify feature set is enabled
0 (=0)Reserved

121-126 0000H Reserved

127 0000H Removable Media Status Notification feature set

128 0xxxH Security status. Bit assignments

15-9 (=0) Reserved
8 (=x)Security Level 1= Maximum, 0= H igh
7-6 (=0) Reserved
5 (=0)1=Enhanced security erase supported
4 (=x) 1=Security count expired
3 (=x)1=Security Frozen
2 (=x)1=Security locked
1 (=x)1=Security enabled
**0 (=1) 1=Security supported

129 000xH * Current Set Feature Option. Bit assignments

15-4(=0) Reserved
3(=x) 1=Auto reassign enabled

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

2(=x) 1=Reverting enabled
1(=x) 1=Read Look-ahead enabled
0(=x) 1=Write Cache enabled

130 xxxxH * Reserved

131 000xH * Initial Power Mode Selection. Bit assignments

15-1(=0) Reserved
0(=x) Initial Power Mode 1= Standby, 0= Idle

132-254 xxxxH * Reserved

255 xxA5H Integrity word

15-8 (=xxh) Checksum
7-0 (=A5h)Signature

Note.1 The ‘*’ mark in ‘Content’ field indicates the use of those parameters that are vendor specific.

Note.2 See following table ‘Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by models for Number of
cylinders/heads/sectors by models for HTS5416XXJ9SA00 on Page 5

Figure 40 Identify device information

Model Number in ASCII Hitachi

HTS541616J9SA00
Number of cylinders 3FFFh 3FFFh
Number of heads 10h 10h
Buffer size 3AB8h 3AB8h
Total number of user

addressable sectors (word
60-61)

Maximum user LBA
address for 48-bit Address
feature set (word 100-103)

Model Number in ASCII Hitachi

Number of cylinders 3FFFh 3FFFh 3FFFh
Number of heads 10h 10h 10h
Buffer size 3AB8h 3AB8h 3AB8h
Total number of user

addressable sectors (word
60-61)

Maximum user LBA
address for 48-bit Address
feature set (word 100-103)

FFFFFFFh DF94BB0h

12A19EB0h DF94BB0h

HTS541680J9SA00

950F8B0h 6FC7C80h 4A85300h

950F8B0h 6FC7C80h 4A85300h

Hitachi
HTS541612J9SA00

Hitachi
HTS541660J9SA00

Hitachi
HTS541640J9SA00

Figure 41 Number of cylinders/heads/sectors by models for HTS5416XXJ9SA00

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.9 Idle (E3h/97h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count V V V V V V V V Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 42 Idle Command (E3h/97h)

When the power save mode is Standby mode, the Idle command causes the device to enter
performance Idle mode immediately, and set auto power down timeout parameter(standby timer).
And then the timer starts counting down. When the device’s power save mode is already any idle
mode, the device keep that mode.

When the Idle mode is entered, the device is spun up to operating speed. If the device is already
spinning, the spin up sequence is not executed.

During Idle mode the device is spinning and ready to respond to host commands immediately.

Output Parameters To The Device
Sector Count

Timeout Parameter. If zero, the timeout interval(Standby Timer) is disabled. If other than
zero, the timeout interval is set for (Timeout Parameter x5) seconds.
The device will enter Standby mode automatically if the timeout interval expires with no
device access from the host. The timeout interval will be reinitialized if there is a device
access before the timeout interval expires.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.10 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 43 Idle Immediate Command (E1h/95h)

The Idle Immediate command causes the device to enter performance Idle mode.

The device is spun up to operating speed. If the device is already spinning, the spin up sequence is
not executed.

During Idle mode the device is spinning and ready to respond to host commands immediately.

The Idle Immediate command will not affect the auto power down timeout parameter.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.11 Initialize Device Parameters (91h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count V V V V V V V V Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - H H H H Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 0 0 - - 0 0 V

Figure 44 Initialize Device Parameters Command (91h)

The Initialize Device Parameters command enables the host to set the number of sectors per track
and the number of heads minus 1, per cylinder. Words 54-58 in Identify Device Information reflects
these parameters.

The parameters remain in effect until the following events:

 Another Initialize Device Parameters command is received.
 The device is powered off.
 Soft reset occurs and the Set Feature option of CCh is set

Output Parameters To The Device
Sector Count

H

The number of sectors per track. 0 does not mean there are 256 sectors per track, but there is no
sector per track.
The number of heads minus 1 per cylinder. The minimum is 0 and the maximum is 15.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.12 Read Buffer (E4h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count - - - - - - - - Sector Count - - - - - - - ­LBA Low - - - - - - - - LBA Low - - - - - - - ­LBA Mid - - - - - - - - LBA Mid - - - - - - - ­LBA High - - - - - - - - LBA High - - - - - - - ­Device - - - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

0 0 0 0 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 - - 0 0 V

Figure 45 Read Buffer Command (E4h)

The Read Buffer command transfers a sector of data from the sector buffer of device to the host.

The sector is transferred through the Data Register 16 bits at a time.

The sector transferred will be from the same part of the buffer written to by the last Write Buffer
command. The contents of the sector may be different if any reads or writes have occurred since the
Write Buffer command was issued.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.13 Read DMA(C8h/C9h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data - - - - - - - - Data - - - - - - - ­Feature - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below...
Sector Count V V V V V V V V Sector Count V V V V V V V V
LBA Low V V V V V V V V LBA Low V V V V V V V V
LBA Mid V V V V V V V V LBA Mid V V V V V V V V
LBA High V V V V V V V V LBA High V V V V V V V V
Device - L - - H H H H Device - - - - H H H H
Command 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 R Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

V V 0 V 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 46 Read DMA Command (C8h/C9h)

The Read DMA command reads one or more sectors of data from disk media, then transfers the data
from the device to the host.

The sectors are transferred through the Data Register 16 bits at a time.

The host initializes a slave-DMA channel prior to issuing the command. The data transfers are
qualified by DMARQ and are performed by the slave-DMA channel. The device issues only one
interrupt per command to indicate that data transfer has terminated and status is available.

If an uncorrectable error occurs, the read will be terminated at the failing sector.

Output Parameters To The Device
Sector Count

LBA Low

LBA High/Mid

H

R
Input Parameters From The Device
Sector Count

LBA Low

LBA High/Mid

H

The number of continuous sectors to be transferred. If zero is specified, then 256 sectors
will be transferred.
The sector number of the first sector to be transferred. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register specifies LBA address bits 0 - 7 to be transferred. (L=1)
The cylinder number of the first sector to be transferred. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register specifies LBA address bits 8 - 15 (Mid) 16 - 23 (High) to be
transferred. (L=1)
The head number of the first sector to be transferred. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register specifies LBA bits 24-27 to be transferred. (L=1)
The retry bit, but this bit is ignored.

The number of requested sectors not transferred. This will be zero, unless an
unrecoverable error occurs.
The sector number of the last transferred sector. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register contains current LBA bits 0 - 7. (L=1)
The cylinder number of the last transferred sector. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register contains current LBA bits 8 - 15 (Mid), 16 - 23 (High).
(L=1)
The head number of the sector to be transferred. (L=0)
In LBA mode, this register contains current LBA bits 24 - 27. (L=1)

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.14 Read DMA Ext (25h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data Low - - - - - - - - Data Low - - - - - - - ­Data High - - - - - - - - Data High - - - - - - - -

Current - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below... Feature
Previous - - - - - - - -
Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 - - - - - - - -Sector Count
Previous V V V V V V V V
Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 V V V V V V V VLBA Low
Previous V V V V V V V V
Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 V V V V V V V VLBA Mid
Previous V V V V V V V V
Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 V V V V V V V VLBA High

Previous V V V V V V V V
Device - 1 - - ---- Device - - - - - - - ­Command 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

V V 0 V 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 47 Read DMA Ext Command (25h)

Sector Count

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA Low

HOB=1 V V V V V V V V

LBA Mid

HOB=1 V V V V V V V V

LBA High

HOB=1 V V V V V V V V

The Read DMA Ext command reads one or more sectors of data from disk media, then transfers the
data from the device to the host.

The sectors are transferred through the Data Register 16 bits at a time.

The host initializes a slave-DMA channel prior to issuing the command. The data transfers are
qualified by DMARQ and are performed by the slave-DMA channel. The device issues only one
interrupt per command to indicate that data transfer has terminated and status is available.

If an uncorrectable error occurs, the read will be terminated at the failing sector.

Output Parameters To The Device
Sector Count Current
Sector Count Previous

LBA Low Current
LBA Low Previous
LBA Mid Current
LBA Mid Previous
LBA High Current
LBA High Previous
Input Parameters From The Device
LBA Low (HOB=0)
LBA Low (HOB=1)
LBA Mid (HOB=0)
LBA Mid (HOB=1)
LBA High (HOB=0)
LBA High (HOB=1)

The number of sectors to be transferre d low order, bits (7:0).
The number of sectors to be transferred high order, bits (15:8). If 0000h in the Sector
Count register is specified, then 65,536 sectors will be transferred.
LBA (7:0)
LBA (31:24)
LBA (15:8)
LBA (39:32)
LBA (23:16)
LBA (47:40)

LBA (7:0) of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (31:24)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (15:8)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (39:32)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (23:16)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (47:40)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.15 Read FPDMA Queued (60h)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data Low - - - - - - - - Data Low - - - - - - - ­Data High - - - - - - - - Data High - - - - - - - -

Current V V V V V V V V Error ...See Below... Feature

Previous V V V V V V V V

Current T T T T T - - - HOB=0 - - - - - - - -Sector Count

Previous - - - - - - - -

Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 V V V V V V V VLBA Low

Previous V V V V V V V V

Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 V V V V V V V VLBA Mid

Previous V V V V V V V V

Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 V V V V V V V VLBA High

Previous V V V V V V V V
Device F 1 - - - - - - Device - - - - - - - ­Command 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

V V 0 V 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 48 Read FPDMA Que ued Command (60h)

Sector Count

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA Low

HOB=1 V V V V V V V V

LBA Mid

HOB=1 V V V V V V V V

LBA High

HOB=1 V V V V V V V V

The Read FPDMA Queued command reads one or more sectors of data from disk media, then
transfers the data from the device to the host.

If an uncorrectable error occurs, the read will be terminated at the failing sector.

Output Parameters To The Device
Feature Current
Feature Previous
T

LBA Low Current
LBA Low Previous
LBA Mid Current
LBA Mid Previous
LBA High Current
LBA High Previous
F

Input Parameters From The Device
LBA Low (HOB=0)
LBA Low (HOB=1)
LBA Mid (HOB=0)
LBA Mid (HOB=1)
LBA High (HOB=0)
LBA High (HOB=1)

The number of sectors to be transferre d low order, bits (7:0)
The number of sectors to be transferred high order, bits (15:8)
TAG value. It shall be assigned to be different from all other queued commands.
The value shall not exceed the maximum queue dept h specifie d by the Wor d 75 of the
Identify Device information.
LBA (7:0)
LBA (31:24)
LBA (15:8)
LBA (39:32)
LBA (23:16)
LBA (47:40)
FUA bit. When the FUA bit is set to 1, the requested data is always retrieved from
the media regardless of whether the data are held in the sector buffer or not. When
the FUA bit is set to 0, the data may be retrieved from the media or from the cached
data left by previously processed Read or Write commands.

LBA (7:0) of the address of the first unr ecoverable error.
LBA (31:24)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (15:8)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (39:32)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (23:16)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.
LBA (47:40)of the address of the first unrecoverable error.

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14.16 Read Log Ext(2Fh)

Command Block Output Registers Command Block Input Registers
Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Data Low - - - - - - - - Data Low - - - - - - - ­Data High - - - - - - - - Data High - - - - - - - -

Current - - - - - - - - Error ...See Below... Feature

Previous - - - - - - - -

Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 - - - - - - - -Sector Count

Previous V V V V V V V V

Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 - - - - - - - -LBA Low

Previous - - - - - - - -

Current V V V V V V V V HOB=0 - - - - - - - -LBA Mid

Previous V V V V V V V V

Current - - - - - - - - HOB=0 - - - - - - - -LBA High

Previous - - - - - - - -
Device - - - - ---- Device - - - - - - - ­Command 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 Status ...See Below...

Error Register Status Register

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CRC UNC 0 IDN 0 ABT T0N AMN BSY RDY DF DSC DRQ COR IDX ERR

V V 0 V 0 V 0 0 0 V 0 V - 0 0 V

Figure 49 Read Log Ext Command (2Fh)

Sector Count

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA Low

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA Mid

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

LBA High

HOB=1 - - - - - - - -

This command returns the specified log to the host. The device shall interrupt for each DRQ block
transferred.

Output Parameters To The Device
R

Sector Count Current

Sector Count Previous
LBA Low Current
LBA Mid Current
LBA Mid Previous

Log

Content Feature set Type

Phy Event Counter Reset bit. When Log address is 11h (Phy Event Counter) and this
bit is set to 1, all Phy Event Counter values are reset to 0 after sending the current
counter valules.
The number of sectors to be read from the specified log low order, bits (7:0). The log
transferred by the drive shall start at the sector in the specified log at the specified
offset, regardless of the sector count requested.
The number of sectors to be read from the specified log high orders, bits (15:8).
The log to be returned as described in table 50.
The first sector of the log to be read low order, bits (7 :0).
The first sector of the log to be read high order, bits (1 5:8).

address

00h Log directory N/A Read Only
03h Extended Comprehensive SMART

error log

SMART error

Read Only

logging

07h Extended SMART self-test log SMART self-test Read Only
10h Command Error Native Command

Read Only

Queuing

11h Phy Event Counter Phy Event Counter Read Only

80h-9Fh Host vendor specific SMART Read/Wri

te

Figure 50 Log address definition

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

The Extended SMART self-test log sector shall support 48-bit and 28-bit addressing. All 28-bit
entries contained in the SMART self-test log sector shall also be included in the Comprehensive
SMART self-test log sector with the 48-bit entries.

If the feature set associated with the log specified in the Sector Number register is not supported or
enabled, or if the values in the Sector Count, Sector Number or Cylinder Low registers are invalid,
the device shall return command aborted.

14.16.1 General purpose Log Directory

Figure 51 defines the 512 bytes that make up the General Purpose Log Directory.

Description Bytes Offset

General Purpose Logging Version 2 00h
Number of sectors in the log at log address 01h (7:0) 1 02h
Number of sectors in the log at log address 01h (15:8) 1 03h
Number of sectors in the log at log address 02h (7:0) 1 04h
Number of sectors in the log at log address 02h (15:8) 1 05h

...
Number of sectors in the log at log address 80h (7:0) 1 100h
Number of sectors in the log at log address 80h (15:8) 1 101h

...
Number of sectors in the log at log address FFh (7:0) 1 1FEh
Number of sectors in the log at log address FFh (15:8) 1 1FFh

Figure 51 General purpose Log Directory

512

The value of the General Purpose Logging Version word shall be 0001h. A value of 0000h indicates
that there is no General Purpose Log Directory.

The logs at log addresses 80-9Fh shall each be defined as 16 sectors long.

14.16.2 Extended comprehensive SMART error log

Figure 52 defines the format of each of the sectors that comprise the Extended Comprehensive
SMART error log. Error log data structure shall not include errors attributed to the receipt of faulty
commands such as command codes not implemented by the device or requests with invalid
parameters or in valid addresses.

Description Bytes Offset

SMART error log version 1 00h
Reserved 1 01h
Error log index (7:0) 1 02h
Error log index (15:8) 1 03h
1st error log data structure 124 04h
2nd error log data structure 124 80h
3rd error log data structure 124 FCh
4th error log data structure 124 178h
Device error count 2 1F4h
Reserved 9 1F6h
Data structure checksum 1 1FFh

Figure 52 Extended comprehensive SMART error Log

512

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Travelstar 5K160 (SATA) Hard Disk Drive Specification

14.16.2.1 Error Log version

The value of this version shall be 01h.

14.16.2.2 Error log index

This indicates the error log data structure representing the most recent error. If there have been no
error log entries, it is cleared to 0. Valid values for the error log index are 0 to 4.

14.16.2.3 Extended Error log data structure

An error log data structure shall be presented for each of the last four errors reported by the device.
These error log data structure entries are viewed as a circular buffer. The fifth error shall create an
error log structure that replaces the first error log data structure. The next error after that shall
create an error log data structure that replaces the second error log structure, etc.

Unused error log data structures shall be filled with zeros.

Data format of each error log structure is shown below.

Description Bytes Offset

1st command data structure 18 00h
2nd command data structure 18 12h
3rd command data structure 18 24h
4th command data structure 18 36h
5th command data structure 18 48h
Error data structure 34 5Ah

Figure 53 Extended Error log data structure

124

Command data structure: Data f or m at of each command data s t r uc ture is shown below.

Description Bytes Offset

Device Control register 1 00h
Features register (7:0) (see Note) 1 01h
Features register (15:8) 1 02h
Sector count register (7:0) 1 03h
Sector count register (15:8) 1 04h
Sector number register (7:0) 1 05h
Sector number register (15:8) 1 06h
Cylinder Low register (7:0) 1 07h
Cylinder Low register (15:8) 1 08h
Cylinder High register (7:0) 1 09h
Cylinder High register (15:8) 1 0Ah
Device register 1 0Bh
Command register 1 0Ch
Reserved 1 0Dh
Timestamp (milliseconds from Power-on) 4 0Eh

Note: bits (7:0) refer to the most recently written contents of the register. Bits (15:8) refer to the
contents of the register prior to the most recent write to the register.

Figure 54 Command data structure

18

Error data structure: Data format of error data structure is shown below.

Description Bytes Offset
Reserved 1 00h

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