Hafler TRM6.1, TRM6.1CE User Manual

Declaration of Conformity
Application of Council Directive: 73/23/EEC (low voltage directive)
Standard(s) to which Conformity is Declared: EN55103-1
EN55103-2
EN60065 (safety)
Manufacturer’s Name: Hafler
Manufacturers Address: 546 South Rockford Drive, Tempe, Arizona 85281, U.S.A.
Importer’s Name: ________________________________________________________
Type of Equipment:
2-channel Audio Power Amplifier/Speaker
Model No.: TRM6.1
Serial Number:
Year of Manufacture: 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms
to the above Directive(s) and Standard(s)
Place: Hafler
12/01/98
Date: James C. Strickland, VP Engineering
TRM6.1
Free Field Frequency Response 55Hz–21kHz, ±2dB Peak Acoustic Output 119dB (per pair w/music @ 1m) Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) <0.5%, 150Hz–21kHz (90dB @ 1m on axis) High Frequency Driver 1" (25mm) Vifa Soft Dome Low Frequency Driver 6.5" (165mm) Polypropylene Cone/
Inverted Nitrile Rubber Surround Magnetically Shielded
Cabinet 0.26 ft3(7.3 liters) Vented Front Panel: Power Switch
System LED (Power/Clip/Thermal)
Rear Panel: XLR Balanced Input
RCA Unbalanced Jack Unbalanced/Balanced DIP Switch Input Sensitivity DIP Switches Bass Rolloff DIP Switches Bass Shelving DIP Switches Treble Shelving DIP Switches IEC Standard Line Input / AC Line Fuse
Dimensions 8.875"W x 13.25"H x 11.50"D
(22.54cm x 33.65cm x 29.21cm)
Net Weight 23 lbs. (10.43kg)
AMPLIFIER SECTION
Power Rating FTC (20Hz–20kHz, 0.1% THD)
35 Watts RMS @ 6 ohms (high frequency) 50 Watts RMS @ 4 ohms (low frequency)
Signal-to-Noise >100dB CMRR >70dB typical @ 1kHz Input Impedance 47kper phase balanced, 47kunbalanced Input Sensitivity Range 500mV to 3V (unbalanced)
275mV to 1.5V (per phase balanced) (+4dB, +1dB, -2dB, -5dB, -8dB, -11dB)
Gain +33dB max. to +18dB min. Power Consumption Idle Power: 11W / 150mA @ 115 VAC
(both channels driven) Idle Power: 11W / 75mA @ 230 VAC
Normal Operation: 55W / 600mA @ 120 VAC Normal Operation: 54W / 310mA @ 230VAC Full Power: 139W / 1.37A @ 120VAC Full Power: 130W / 680mA @ 230VAC
CROSSOVER SECTION
Crossover Frequency 3.2kHz Crossover Slope 24dB/octave Linkwitz-Riley Subsonic Filter Selectable 30Hz or 60Hz @ 12dB/octave Bass Shelving 30Hz to 200Hz, ±4dB
(+4dB, +2dB, 0dB, -2dB, -4dB)
Treble Shelving 5kHz to 20kHz, ±4dB
(+4dB, +2dB, 0dB, -2dB, -4dB)
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
i
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Frequency Response
@ 1m on axis
Horizontal Polar Response
Energy Time Curve
Dimensions
NOTICE - IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
1. READ INSTRUCTIONS
All the safety and operating instructions of your Hafler equipment should be read before power is applied to the equipment.
2.
RETAIN OWNER'S MANUAL
These safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference.
3.
HEED WARNINGS
All warnings on the equipment and in the operating instructions are important and should be followed.
4.
FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS
All operating and use instructions are important and should be followed.
5.
HEAT
The equipment should be kept away from areas of high temper­ature, i.e., heater vents, radiators, stoves/ovens, fireplaces, etc.
6.
VENTILATION
The equipment should be used in an area suitable for proper ven­tilation. Care should be taken not to impede airflow in and around the cabinet.
7.
WATER AND MOISTURE
The equipment should not be used in or around water, such as a bathtub, sink, or swimming area. Also, the equipment should not be used in areas prone to flooding, such as a basement.
8.
POWER SOURCES
The equipment should be connected only to a power source of the same voltage and frequency as that listed on the rear panel above the power cord entry point.
9.
POWER CORD PROTECTION
Power cords should be arranged so they do not interfere with the movement of objects in the room: people, fan blades, utility carts, etc. Also, care should be taken that the cord is not pinched or cut, and placed so it is not in danger of being pinched or cut, as in under a rug, around a tight corner, etc.
10.
POWER CORD GROUNDING
The power supply cord is of a three wire grounded type, designed to reduce the risk of electric shock sustained from a live cabinet. It is assumed to be of suitable length for most uses of the equip­ment. The use of extension cords and power strips is discouraged unless they are of suitable rating to deliver the required total cur­rent for safe operation of all connected equipment. Furthermore, extension cords or power strips must provide the same three wire
grounded connection. It is important that the blades of the equip­ments plug be able to fully insert into the mating receptacle.
Never remove the round grounding pin on the plug in an attempt to mate to a two wire ungrounded receptacle:
use a grounding adaptor with the grounding tab or wire suitably connected to earth ground.
11.
NON-USE PERIODS
During periods of extended non-use, the power cord should be unplugged from the power source.
12.
CLEANING
The equipment should be cleaned only as detailed in the operat­ing instructions.
13.
OBJECT AND LIQUID ENTRY
Care should be taken so that objects and/or liquids, such as clean­ing fluids or beverages, are not spilled into the enclosure of the equipment.
14.
DAMAGE REQUIRING SERVICE
Hafler equipment should be serviced by qualified service person­nel when:
A. The power supply cord or plug has been damaged, or
B. Objects have fallen onto, or liquid has been spilled into the
equipment, or
C. The equipment has been exposed to rain, or
D. The equipment does not appear to operate normally or
exhibits a marked change in performance, or
E. The equipment has been dropped, or the enclosure has
been damaged.
15.
SERVICING
The user should not attempt to service the equipment beyond that which is described in the operating instructions. All other service should be referred to qualified service personnel.
16.
CARTS AND STANDS
The equipment should be used with carts or stands only of suffi­cient strength and stability for the use intended. An equipment and cart combination should be moved with care. Quick stops and starts, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may cause the equipment and cart combination to topple.
– ii –
The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral trian­gle is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated "dan­gerous voltage" within the product's enclosure, that may be of suffi­cient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.
The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user of the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance.
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
WARNING:
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.
TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD
!
iii
ADVERTENCIA – INFORMACION DE SEGURIDAD IMPORTANTE
1. LEA LAS INSTRUCCIONES
Todas las instrucciones de seguidad y operación de su equipo Hafler, deben ser leídas antes de que el equipo sea conectado dléctricamente.
2.
CONSERVE EL MANUAL DEL PROPIETARIO
Estas instrucciones de seguridad y operación, deben ser conser­vadas para futuras referencias.
3.
CUADROS DE ADVERTENCIAS
Todas las advertencias en el equipo y en las instrucciones de operación, son importantes y deben ser seguidas.
4.
SIGA LAS INSTRUCCIONES
Todas las instrucciones de uso y operación son importantes y deben ser seguidas.
5.
CALOR
El equipo debe ser mantenido lejos de areas de alta temperatura, como por ejemplo: ventilaciones de calentadores, radiadores, est­ufas/hornos, hogueras, etc.
6.
VENTILACION
El equip debe ser usado en áreas con ventilación adecuada. Deben er tornadas las precauciones necesarias para no impedir el flujo de aire dentro y alrededor del aparato.
7.
AGUA Y HUMEDAD
El equipo no debe ser usado en el agua ó alrededor de ésta, tales como en una bañera, tanque o áreas de nado. También, el equipo no debe ser usado en áreas propensas a inundaciones, tales como en un sótano.
8.
FUENTES DE PODER
El equipo debe ser conectado a una fuente de poder del mismo voltaje y frecuencia que el indicado en el panel trasero sobre el punto de entrada del cable de corriente.
9.
PROTECCION DEL CABLE DE CORRIENTE
Los cables de corriente deben ser dispuestos de forma tal que no interfieran con el movimiento de objetos en la sala: personas, aspas de ventilación, carretillas, etc. También, es necesario tener cuidado de que el cable no esté punzado o cortado, y debe estar ubicado de forma tal que esto no ocurra, como podría suceder debajo de una alfombra o al pasar el cable por una esquina aguda, etc.
10.
ATERRAMIENTO DEL CABLE DE CORRIENTE
El cable de corriente es del tipo aterrado de tres hilos, diseñado para reducir el riesgo de una descarga eléctrica procendent de un chasis energizado. Se asume que su longitud es suficiente para la mayoría de usos del equipo. El uso de extensiones y multi-
enchufes no es recomendado, a menos que tengan el amperaje adecuado para poder suministrar la corrioente requerida pra la operación segura de todo el equipo conectado. Aun más, las extensiones deben proveer de la misma conección aterrada de tres hiles. Es importante que el enchufe se pueda introducir com­pletamente en el receptáculo. Nunca remeva el pin de ater­ramiento en un intento por conectar el cable en un receptáculo de dos hilos no aterrado: use un adaptador de aterramiento que esté adecuadamente conectado a un punto de tierra.
11.
PERIODOS SIN USO
Durante períodos prolongados sin uso del equipo, el cable de corriente debe ser desconectado de la fuente de electrixidad.
12.
LIMPIEZA
El equip debe ser limpiado solo en la forma que se detalla en las instrucciones de operación.
13.
INTRODUCCIÓN DE OBJETOS Y LIQUIDO
Deben ser tornadas precauciones con el fin de que objetos y/ó líquidos, tales como fluidos de limpieza y gaseosas, no sean der­ramados dentro del chassis del aparato.
14.
DAÑOS QUE REQUIEREN DE SERVICIO
Los equipos Hafler deben ser llevados a servicio por personal cal­ificado cuando:
A. El cable de corriente ó el enchufe haya sido dañado, ó
B. Objetos ó líquido hayan sido introducidos ó derramado en
el equipo, ó
C. El equipo haya sido expuesto a lluvia, ó
D. El equipo aparenta no operar normalmente ó exhibe un
marcado cambio en su desempeño, ó
E. El equipo se ha caído, o el chassis ha sido golpeado.
15.
SERVICIO
El usuario no deberá intentar darle servicio al equipo más allá de lo que está descrito en el instructivo de operación. Todo lo demás, deberá ser referido a servicio por personal calificado.
16.
CARRETILLAS Y SOPORTES
El equipo podrá ser usado con carretillas y soportes que tengan la fortaleza y estabilidad suficiente para el uso previsto.
La combinación equipo/carretilla deberá ser movida con cuida­do. Rápidas paradas y arranques, excesiva fuerza y superficies imparejas, pueden causar el volcamiento del conjunto de car­retilla/equipo.
El símbolo de flecha relámpago dentro de un triángulo equilátero, es para alertar al usario de la presencia de voltajes peligrosos no aislados en el interior del aparato, los cuales pueden ser de suficiente magnitud para constituir un riesgo de choque eléctrico a las personas.
El símbolo de exclamación dentro de un triángulo equilátero, es para aler­tar al usuario de la presencia de instrucciones importantes de operación y mantenimiento (servicio) en la documentación que acompaña al equipo.
ESPAÑOL
iv
ATTENTION: INFORMATIONS IMPORTANTES DE SÉCURITÉ
1. LIRE LES INSTRUCTIONS
Le mode d'emploi et les mesures de sécurité de votre équipement Hafler devraient être consultés avant sa mise en marche.
2.
CONSERVER LE GUIDE DE L'UTILISATEUR
Le mode e'emploi et les mesures de sécurité devraient être conservés pour des références futures.
3.
CONSIDÉRATIONS DE MISE EN GARDE
Le mode d'emploi et les mises en garde concernant cet équipement sont de grande importance et devraient être suivis.
4.
SUIVRE LE MODE E'EMPLOI
Le mode d'emploi et les conseils d'utilisation sont importants et devraient être suivis.
5.
CHALEUR
Le matériel devrait être préservé loin de toute source de chaleur: radiateurs, cuisinière/fours, cheminées,etc.
6.
VENTILATION
Le matériel devrait être utilisé dans un endroit à bonne ventila­tion. Il reste nécessaire de respecter la circulation de flux d'air à l'intérier et autour du meuble.
7.
EAU ET HUMIDITÉ
Le matériel ne devrait pas être utilisé près d'une source d'eau, telle qu'une baignoire, un évier, ou une aire de baignade. De plus, le matériel ne devrait pas être utilisé dans des lieux sujets aux innondations, tels que les sous-sols.
8.
SOURCES D'ÉNERGIE
Le matériel devrait seulement être relié à une source d'énergie de même voltage et fréquence que celle indiquée sur le tableau arrière, au dessus de la fiche d'entrée de la prise de courant.
9.
PROTECTION DE LA PRISE DE COURANT
La prise de courant devrait être arrangée de façon à ne pas interférer avec le déplacement d'objets (chariots, pales de ven­tillateursetc.) ou de personnes à l'intérieur de la pièce. D'autre part, il faudrait faire tres attention à ce que la prise ne soit pas percée ou coupée, ou disposée de façon à risquer de l'être, comme sous un tapis, autour d'un angle pointuetc.
10.
PRISE DE COURANT ÀTROIS FICHES
La prise de courant est composée de trois fiches, désignées à réduire le risque de décharge électrique de l'appareil.
Elle devrait être de longueur suffisante pour la plupart des util­isations de ce matériel. L'utilisation de rallonge t d'adaptateur est déconsellée à moins dêtre en mesure de fournir la charge
électrique requise à un fonctionement sans risque, de tout matériel relié.
11.
PÉRIODES DE NON-UTILISATON
Durant les périodes de non-utilisation, la prise de courant ne devrait pas être branchée à une source d'energie.
12.
NETTOYAGE
Le matériel devrait être nettoyé en respectant les instructions indiquées.
13.
PENETRATION DES LIQUIDES
Un attention particulière est éxigée quant à la dispersion de liq­uides tels que les produits de nettoyage et boissons, de façcon à éviter toute pénetration dans l'enceinte du matériel.
14.
DÉGÂT NÉCESSITANT UNE RÉVISION
Le matériel Hafler devrait être révisé par des personnes qual­ifées de service après-vente, lorsque:
A. Les fiches ou la prise de courant ont été endommagé, ou:
B. De objets sont tombés sur le matériel, ou des liquides s'y sont dispersés, ou:
C. Le matériel a été exposé à la pluie, ou:
D. Le matériel ne semble pas fonctioner correctement, ou
affiche un changement de performance, ou:
E. Le matériel a été renversé à terre, ou l'enceinte a été
endommagée.
15.
REVISION
L'utilisateur ne devrait pas essayer de réviser le matériel en allant plus loin que ce qui a été décrit dans le mode d'emploi. Toute autre réviion devrait être confiée à un personnel qualifié.
16.
CHARRIOTS ET MEUBLES
Le matériel devriat être utilisé avec des charriots et meubles de qualité et stabilité suffisante à son utilisation préconçue.
L'ensemble du matériel et du charriot devrait être déplacé avec précaution. Des mises en marche et arrêts brusques, des colli­sions excessives ainsi que des surfaces inégales peuvent ren­verser l'ensemble du matériel et du charriot.
La lumière clignotante du symbole de la flêche à l'intérieur d'un triangle équilatéral, à pour objet d'alerter l'utilisateur de la présence d'un voltage dangereux non-isolé à l'intérieur du produit, qui pourrait être de magnitude suffisante au risque d'éléctrocution.
Le point d'exclamation, à l'intériur d'un triangle équilatéral, à pour objet de prévenir l'utilisateur de l'importance des instructions de fonctionement et de maintenance, jointes à l'appareil.
FRANÇAIS
ACHTUNG – WICHTIGE SICHERHEITS – INFORMATIONEN
1. INSTRUKTIONEN LESEN
Alle Sicherheits- und Operationshinweise Ihres Hafler Equipments sollten vor der Inbetriebnahme gelesen werden.
2.
BETRIEBSANLEITUNG AUFBEWAHREN
Bewahren Sie die Bedienungsanleitung sorgfältig auf, damit Sie in dieser auch in Zukunft nachschlagen können.
3.
WARNUNGEN BEACHTEN
Alle Warnungen des Gerätes und der Bedienungsanleitung sind extrem wichtig und müssen befolgt werden.
4.
INSTRUKTIONEN BEACHTEN
Alle Operations- und Gebrauchshinweise sind extrem wichtig und müssen beachtet werden.
5.
HITZE
Das Equipment sollte fern von Hitze ausstrahlenden Geräten aufgestellt werden, wie z.B. Heizungen, Öfen etc.
6.
VENTILATION
Das Equipment sollte so aufgestellt werden, daβ eine ausre­ichende Ventialition gewährt wird.
7.
WASSER UND FEUCHTIGKEIT
Das Equipment sollte nicht im oder in der Nähe von Wasser benutzt werden, wie z.B. in Schwimmbädem, Saunen etc. Es sollte ebenfalls nicht in Überschwämmungsgefährdeten Gebieten aufgestellt werden, wie z.B. Kellerräumen.
8.
STROMANSCHLU
ββ
Das Equipment darf nur an eine Stromversorgung angeschlossen werden, die die gleichen Parameter aufweist, welche auf der Rückseite, über em Anschlu
βterminal des Gerätes, aufgelistet sind.
9.
SCHUTZ DER ZULEITUNG
Die Zuletungen sollten so verlegt werden, daβ diese nicht in den Bewegungsbereich anderer Möbelstücke oder Personen hereinra­gen. Achten Sie darauf, das das Kabel nicht gequestscht oder durchschnittren wird, wie z.B. unter Schränken oder an scharfen Kanten etc.
10.
MASSEANSCHLU
ββ
Das dreiadrige Anschlubkabel ist mit einem Erdungsleiter ausges­tattet, welcher die Risiken eines Elektroschocks verringert. Das Kabel hat eine Länge, welche für die meisten Anwendungen völ- lig ausreicht. Wenn Sie Verlängerungskabel benutzen, achten Sie darauf, das dies die erforderlichen Ströme bertragen können. Benutzen Sie immer dreiadrige Verlängerungskable.
11.
ZEITRÄUME IN DENE DAS GERÄT NICHT GENUTZT WIRD
Wird das Gerät über einen längeren Zeitraum nicht genutzt (z.B. Urlaub), ziehen Sie bitten den Netzstecker aus der Steckdose.
12.
REINIGEN
Reinigen Sie das Gerät nur, wie in der Bedienungsanleitung detailliert beschrieben.
13.
EINDRINGEN VON FREMDKÖRPERN
Achten Sie darauf, daβ weder Fremdkörper, noch Flüssigkeiten in das Gerät eindringen.
14.
ERFORDERLICHER REPARATURSERVICE
Hafler Equipment sollte nur von qualifizierten Service-Technikern instand gesetzt werden, wenn:
A. Das Stromversorgungskabel beschädigt wurde
B. Eine Flüssigkeit in das Gerät eingedrimgem ist
C. Das Gerät Regen ausgesetzt wurde
D. Das Gerät nicht mehr ordnungsgemä
β funktioniert, ggf. nicht
mehr die volle Leistung abgibt
E. Das Gerät runtergefallen ist oder das Gehäuse beschädigt
wurde
15.
SERVICE
Der Benutzer sollte nur den Service ausführen, der in der Bedienungsanleitung für den Benutzer freigegeben wird. Den weiterführenden Service sollte nur von qualifizierten Tevhnikern durchgeführt werden.
16.
AUFSTELLUNG
Das Equipment sollte so aufgestellt werden, daβ der gewählte Untergrund die erforderliche Stabilität aufweist, so da
β eine
gefahrlose Bnutzong gewährleistet wird.
Das Equipment und der Untergrund sollte mit äuberster Vorsicht bewegt werden. Bei schnellen Bewegungen oder starkem Abbremsen, kann es zum Umkippen des Equipments kommen.
Der Blitz mit dem Pfeil, in einem gleihschenkligen Dreieck, soll den benutzer vor unisolierter gefährlicher Spannung innerhalb des Gerätes warnen.
Das Ausrufezeichen, in einem gleichschenkligen Dreieck, soll den Benutzer darauf aufmerksam machen, da
β dem Gerät wichtige Operations - und
Service - Informationen beigefügt sind.
– v –
DEUTSCH
vi
NOTARE – IMPORTANTI INFORMAZIONI SULLA SICUREZZA
1. LEGGETE LE ISTRUZIONI
Tutte le istruzioni riguardanti la sicurezza ed il funzionamento devono essere lette prima di applicare tensione all'apparato.
2.
CONSERVATE IL MANUALE
Queste istruzioni riguardanti la sicurezza ed il funzionamento devono essere conservate come riferimento futuro.
3.
AVVERTENZE
Tutte le avvertenze poste sull'apparato e sul libretto di istruzioni sono importanti e devono essere seguite.
4.
SEGUIRE LE ISTRUZIONI
Tuttle le istruzioni operative e di funzionamento devono essere seguite.
5.
TEMPERATURA
L'apparato deve essere mantenuto lontano da tuttle le zone ad alta temperature, termosifoni, termoconvettori, stufe e forni, caminetti ed altro.
6.
VENTILAZIONE
L'apparato deve essere posizionato in aree convenienti per una corretta ventilazione. Prestare attenzione che sia consentita cir­colazione d'aria attorno e dentro il cabinet.
7.
ACQUA E POLVERE
L'apparato deve essere posizionato lontano da zone contenenti acqua, come vasche a bagno, acquari e piscine. Inoltre non deve essere impiegato in aree soggette ad allagamento, come le can­tine.
8.
REQUISITI DI ALIMENTAZIONE
L'apparato deve essere connesso solo ad un'alimentazione della stessa tensione e frequenza di quanto scritto sulla parte posteriore del telaio.
9.
PROTEZIONE DEL CAVO DI ALIMENTAZIONE
Il cavo di alimentazione deve essere posizionato in modo di non interferire con il movimento di oggetti nella stanza: persone, ven­tilatori, carrelli, eccprestate attenzione anche che il cavo non sia tagliato o spellato e che non possa tagliarsi e spellarsi.
10.
MESSA A TERRA
Il cavo di alimentazione è del tipo a tre fili con terra ed è proget­tato pr ridurre il rischio di shock elettrici. Si presume che sia della lunghezza sufficiente per la maggior parte degli impieghi. L'impiego di prolunghe e adattatori è sconsigliato se questi non garantiscono la potenza sufficiente per i corretto fuinzionamento degli apparati connessi. E altersì importante che vengano sempre impiegate prolunghe con la configurazaione a tre fili con terra.
11.
PERIODI DI NON UTILIZZO
Durante lunghi periodi di non utilizzo, staccare il cavo di alimen­tazione.
12.
PULIZIA
L'apparato deve essere pulito solo come indicato dalle istruzioni.
13.
INGRESSO DI OGGETTI E LIQUIDI
Si deve prestar attenzione che oggetti e liquidi, come fluidi deter­genti e bibite, non vengano versati all'interno dell'apparato.
14.
RIPARAZIONI
Gli apparati Hafler devono essere riparati da personale qualifica­to quando:
A. Il cavo di alimentazione o la spina sono danneggiati
B. Oggetti sono caduti all'interno del telaio o quando del
liquido è entrato
C. Quando l'apparato è stato esposto a pioggia
D. Quando l'apparato non sempra funzionare normalmente o
quando esibisce un cambiamento di prestazioni o
E. Quando è caduto o il telaio è stato danneggiato
15.
ASSISTENZA
L'utente non deve tentare di prestare assistenza all'apparato, se non per quanto esposto nelle istruzioni. Tutti gli altri interventi devono essere effettuati da un tecnico specializzato.
16.
CARRELLI E STAND
L'apparato deve essere impiegato su carrelli o stand solo se questi sono sufficientemente solidi e stabili per la funzione a cui si vuole dedicarli.
La combinazione di carrello ed apparato deve essere mossa con cautela. Fermate e partenze improvvise, forze eccessiva e superfi­ci irregolari, possono ribaltare la cominzione carrello e apparato.
Il simbolo del fulmine in un triangolo equilatero vuole avvertire della pre­senza di tensioni elevate non isolate e di valore sufficiente per costituire ris­chio di shock elettrico alle persone.
Il punto esclamativo contentuto in un triangolo equilatero vuole avvertire l'u­tente della presenza di parti di servizio e di manutenzione che sono dettagli­ate nel manuale di istruzioni.
ITALIANO
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................................i
Frequency Response Graph Energy Time Curve Graph Horizontal Polar Response Graph Dimensions
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ..........................................................................................................................................ii
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................1
TECHNICAL DESIGN FEATURES ............................................................................................................................1
FRONT & REAR PANEL VIEWS ..............................................................................................................................4
INSTALLATION
Location ............................................................................................................................................................5
Determining Acoustic Center ............................................................................................................................6
Input Switch ......................................................................................................................................................6
XLR Wiring Configurations ............................................................................................................................... 6
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS
Schematic Diagram............................................................................................................................................7
PC Board Layout ..............................................................................................................................................12
OPERATION
Input Sensitivity................................................................................................................................................13
Bass Roll Off ....................................................................................................................................................13
Bass Shelving ..................................................................................................................................................14
Treble Shelving ................................................................................................................................................14
AC Line............................................................................................................................................................14
Power Switch ..................................................................................................................................................14
Status LED........................................................................................................................................................15
Rubber Pad ......................................................................................................................................................15
Break-In and Warm-Up....................................................................................................................................15
Cleaning and Maintenance ..............................................................................................................................15
SERVICE REFERENCE
Parts List ..........................................................................................................................................................16
Functional Block Diagram ..............................................................................................................................19
Circuit Operation ............................................................................................................................................20
Calibration ......................................................................................................................................................20
Input Circuit ....................................................................................................................................................21
Tweeter Crossover ............................................................................................................................................21
Woofer Crossover ............................................................................................................................................22
Thermal Protection ..........................................................................................................................................22
Clipping Indicator ............................................................................................................................................23
On Indicator ....................................................................................................................................................23
Tweeter Replacement ......................................................................................................................................24
Woofer Replacement........................................................................................................................................24
Amplifier Replacement ....................................................................................................................................25
Transformer Replacement ................................................................................................................................25
WARRANTY ..........................................................................................................................................................26
INTRODUCTION
– 1 –
Thank you and congratulations on your purchase of the HAFLER TRM6.1 reference monitor, the world's finest brand in professional audio equipment.
The
TRM6.1 (Transana Reference Monitor) is a bi-amplified, two-way near field monitor offering unmatched quality
and performance in a truly professional grade product. The TRM6.1 is great for Professional Studios, Digital Work Stations, Broadcast Booths, and Home Project Studios.
Although we realize a professional such as yourself already knows a thing or two about pro audio, we urge you to read this manual to at least humor our technical writer. For ease of use, this manual is organized into three main sections: Installation, Operation, and Service Reference. Installation covers the set-up of your new HAFLER equipment in the system. Operation covers the controls and how to use them for optimum performance. Service Reference contains field service information useful for technicians and engineers.
TECHNICAL DESIGN FEATURES
The TRM6.1 amplifiers utilize our transana circuit topology employing MOSFETs in the output stage resulting in supe­rior sound quality.
An active 4th order Linkwitz-Riley crossover sends frequencies above 3.2kHz to a 35-watt amplifier driving a proprietary wave guide tweeter, and frequencies below 3.2kHz to a 50-watt amplifier driving an 6" transducer. The high frequency channel features up to ±4dB of Treble shelving, while the low frequency channel features up to ±4dB of Bass shelving. In addition, the low frequency channel includes an active 2nd order subsonic filter selectable to limit harmful frequen­cies below 30Hz or 60Hz. Monitoring the status of both channels is done with an LED indicating Power On, Clipping and Thermal.
The high frequency transducer is a Ferrofluid cooled 1" (25mm) soft dome hemispherical tweeter utilizing a rigid but lightweight silk diaphragm. A Phase Lens and axis-symmetric exponential waveguide improve the transition of sound­waves from planar to spherical which result in excellent high frequency dispersion and coherent on-axis frequency response. The low frequency transducer is a proprietary 6.5" (165mm) steel basket woofer utilizing a 20 mil polypropy­lene cone with a 20 mil dust cap. The suspension consists of a nitrile rubber surround and an extended collar flat spi­der. The motor is constructed from a 1.25" diameter voice coil on an anodized aluminum former with an extended vent­ed pole piece. The 33 oz. ferrite magnet is magnetically shielded to suppress stray leakage flux to only 4"...well within the confines of the monitor's walls, making it great for use near CRT monitors.
The cabinet is made from acoustically dead 19mm MDF, internally lined with damping material, and features a rear fir­ing radiused Aerovent for reduced turbulence. The outside features a semi-gloss finish and includes a rubber pad on the underside to control vibration.
Amplifie
2
MEHSA
(Maximum Efficiency HeatSink Application) MEHSA is a proprietary process that yields up to 5 times better heat transfer than traditional FET mounting techniques using the exact same components. A multi-layer insulated metal substrate operating with minimal thermal resistance spreads heat both downward and outward to quickly dissipate heat from each device across the heatsink. This process combined with our DSM technology and MOSFET devices allow us to squeeze more watts per cubic inch from every output device as well as provide consistent thermal sta­bility.
The MEHSA Way The Old Way
THE RESULT: Better reliability through faster heat dissipation.
Transana
Transana (TRANSconductance Active Nodal Amplifier) is a circuit that allows the audio signal to pass through the amplifier at low voltage. The signal is directly level-shifted to the fixed high voltage rails via a pair of driver tran­sistors. Signal linearity is assured by an active node formed by the driver transistors at ultrasonic frequencies. This allows amplifier performance similar to Transnova which is highly stable and linear while utilizing the advantages of a non-floating power supply.
THE RESULT: An extended frequency band width accurately supplied to the output stages of the
amplifier.
MOSFET Devices
HAFLER is one of the few manufacturers in the sound community to utilize MOSFET devices in both the power supply and output stages.
MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) devices offer several
important inherent advantages over the 30-year-old technology of bi-polar design. These advantages include: ther­mal stability, fast switching speed, ultra low output impedance and wide bandwidth linearity. In addition, MOSFETs operate very similarly to vacuum tubes in that they are more linear than bipolar transistors. However, MOSFETs can deliver the midrange clarity without the limitations of transient response and high frequency phase shifting normally associated with tube operation.
THE RESULT: Thermal stability, fast switching speed, ultra low output impedance and wide bandwidth linearity.
– 3 –
Wave Guide
The wave guide is a proprietary axis-symmetrical form of horn mounted to the tweeter to increase efficiency. The wave guide improves the transition of sound waves (from planar to spherical) smoothly from the throat of the wave guide to the mouth. The unique shape and smooth surfaces improve the tweeter's off-axis frequency response as well as provide coherent on-axis response.
THE RESULT: Improves dispersion for a wider sweet spot.
Shielded Magnet
A shielded magnet is used to reduce the radiation of high-strength magnetic fields from the woofer's motor assem­bly. Suppression is accomplished by attaching a bucking magnet to the motor assembly in order to keep stray
leakage flux within the monitor cabinet. This type of shielding prevents color and image distortion when placing the woofer in close proximity to direct view (CRT) television receivers and computer monitors.
THE RESULT: Prevents distortion in TV and computer monitors.
Phase Coherent
Each monitor is Phase Coherent in order to assure proper arrival times of all frequencies in the near field environ­ment. This is accomplished by aligning both transducer's voice coils on a common ZDP (Zero Delay Plane) axis. The cabinet baffle positions the woofer forward and the waveguide displaces the tweeter back with an additional 39ms delay in the high frequency amplifier to precisely tweak the tweeter onto its ZDP axis. This allows the acoustic center, located midway between the high and low frequency transducers, to coherently deliver a flat fre­quency and phase response around the crossover point.
THE RESULT: Delivers a flat frequency and phase response.
Tweete
Woofer
Cabine
Power Switch
Front Panel View
4
Rear Panel View
Woofer
Tweeter
Rubber Pad
Status LED
Wave Guide
Heatsink
AC Line Input
AC Line Fuse
Balanced Input
Unbalanced Input
Sensitivity
Bass Roll Off
Bass Shelving
Treble Shelving
Input Switch
LOCATION
The location of your reference monitors in addition to the acoustics of the listening room will influence the system frequency response. In the near field environment, our ears are more sensitive to direct sound rather than the reverberation of sound. Below are some recommendations for the initial set-up which may help you optimize performance in complex acoustic envi­ronments. In any configuration, keep the rear of the monitor at least 5" (12.7cm) away from any wall or obstruction to
reduce excessive boundary “loading” of the woofer vent and to optimize heat sink cooling.
INSTALLATION
Aiming the monitors directly forward (Fig. 1) may cause response problems resulting in inadequate stereo imaging. Aiming the monitors toward you and spaced equally like a triangle (Fig. 2) provides the best imaging and produces the flattest frequency response.
If you frequently move your chair from side to side in front of your mixing console, positioning the tweeter and woofer in hor­izontal alignment (Fig. 3) can create complex lobing patterns. Minimizing this effect can be achieved by placing the tweeter and woofer in vertical alignment (Fig. 4). If it is essential to position the monitors horizontally, place them with the tweeters toward the inside.
INADEQUATE
Off-Axis Response
Fig. 1
OPTIMUM
On-Axis Response
Fig. 2
INADEQUATE
Horizontal Alignment
Fig. 3
OPTIMUM
Vertical Alignment
Fig. 4
– 5 –
XLR Balanced Input
Check output from source for proper signal polarity
Pin 1 = GND Pin 2 = (+) Pin 3 = (–)
INPUT FROM
SOURCE
XLR Unbalanced Input
Connect (–) and GND (shield) terminals at both ends of cable to
prevent unstable amplifier operation
Pin 1 = GND Pin 2 = (+) Pin 3 = GND
INPUT FROM
SOURCE
DETERMINING ACOUSTIC CENTER
Finding the Acoustic Center is accomplished by positioning the monitors so coherent arrival of the transducers occurs at ear level. The Acoustic Center is located 3 to 4 feet in front of the monitor, measuring perpendicularly from the center point of the cabinet (midway between the woofer and tweeter). Our tests have shown that a flat phase and frequency response occurs just above and below the Acoustic Center with the minimum and maximum height spanning between the tweeter dome and woofer dust cap.
– 6 –
XLR WIRING CONFIGURATIONS
Using the balanced XLR input is recommended for installations where long cable runs are used or when the potential for stray electromag­netic fields from other wires exists. There is a balanced and unbalanced method in which the XLR inputs can be used. The first method is an XLR Balanced Input using 3-conductor cable. The balanced signals carried on pins 2 and 3 are equal in amplitude and opposite in phase. Pin 1 is the ground and shield. In this configuration, noise common on both phases of signal are effectively "canceled" out. The second method is an XLR Unbalanced Input using 2-conductor cable with the signal carried in the center conductor and the ground carried on the shield. Many popular mixers use unbalanced outputs and can be used with the XLR balanced input. However, in this type of configuration we recommend using twisted pair cable or short cable length to prevent residual ground noise.
INPUT SWITCH
The unbalanced input uses a conventional RCA phone jack. Move the input switch ON (-->) to use this jack. The balanced input jack is an XLR plug. The XLR jack is connected according to the IEC and AES standard. Move the input switch OFF (<--) to use this jack.
MOUNTING
The monitor may be mounted on a wall or ceiling, using suitable mounting hardware. The base of the monitor includes mounting inserts designed for use with OmniMount Systems®” or equivalent mounting products
1
.
If you mount the monitors to a wall or ceiling, you must take special care to mount them securely to prevent them from falling and caus­ing damage or injury. Make sure that the mounting hardware (fas­teners and connectors) and the surface you are mounting to are each capable of securely holding the monitor in place even if it is struck or moved. Make sure the mounting hardware, fasteners, and con­nectors are rated for an object at least as heavy and bulky as the monitor.
Use good judgement and common sense throughout all phases of the installation and use mounting techniques appropriate for the sur­face you select. Use the mounting hardware according to the man­ufacturer's recommendation and provide adequate reinforcement to the monitors if needed. Do not mount the monitor only to drywall make sure the fasteners are secured to a stud, joist, or other structural support. If appropriate, use a secondary support for added safety—a properly installed safety cable provides an extra margin of safety and can be installed out of sight easily.
Unbalanced Input
Move input switch RIGHT (-->) to use RCA connector
Balanced Input
Move input switch LEFT (<--) to use XLR connector
OmniMount Part #
100 WB / 100 WBX
OmniMount Part #
100 ST-MP / 100 STX-MP
1 OmniMount Systems®” is a registered trademark of OmniMount
Systems, 1501 West 17th Street, Tempe, Arizona 85281-6255,
TEL (602) 829-8000 FAX (602) 756-9000.
OmniMount Systems is not affiliated with Hafler or Rockford Corporation.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
NOTES: Unless specified otherwise
1. All resistors in ohms.
2. All capacitors in microfarads.
3. Channel 1 only shown.
– 7 –
Qualified Service Personnel Only
8
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
NOTES: Unless specified otherwise
1. All resistors in ohms.
2. All capacitors in microfarads.
3. Channel 1 only shown.
– 9 –
Qualified Service Personnel Only
–10–
-11-
SCHEMATIC Diagram
NOTES: Unless specified otherwise
1. All resistors in ohms.
2. All capacitors in microfarads.
3. Channel 1 only shown.
Qualified Service Personnel Only
PC BOARD LAYOUT
Qualified Service Personnel Only
12
INPUT SENSITIVITY
The Input Sensitivity adjustment is used to match the monitor with signal levels from a variety of mixing consoles. The Input Sensitivity uses DIP switches to match input levels over a 15dB range and are marked +1dB, –2dB, –5dB, –8dB, and –11dB. These numbers indicate the input in dBu required to produce an output of 100dB SPL @ 1 meter. When all switches are in the OFF (left) position, the monitor is matched to +4dB input level. In the +4dB switch setting, the mon­itor is less sensitive to the input signal. In the –11dB switch setting, the monitor is more sensitive to the input signal.
+4dB Input +1dB Input –2dB Input –5dB Input –8dB Input
NOTE: When using the INPUT SENSITIVITY, select only one switch configuration at a time. Engaging multiple switch configurations (i.e., moving two or more switches ON) may cause undesirable operation and is NOT RECOMMENDED.
I
N
P
U
T
11dB Input
13
OPERATION
NOTE: When using the Bass Roll Off, select only the 30Hz or 60Hz filter. Engaging both switch configurations at one time (both switches ON) may cause undesirable operation and is NOT RECOMMENDED.
BASS ROLL OFF
The Bass Roll Off is a subsonic filter used to limit harmful frequencies sent to the low frequency transducer to prevent overexcursion. The filter is selectable to electronically limit frequencies below 30Hz or 60 Hz at a 12 dB/octave roll off. When both switches are in the OFF (left) position, the amplifier has an electrical -3dB down point of 28Hz. For optimum operation select only one switch configuration at a time.
30Hz Subsonic Filter 60Hz Subsonic Filter
BASS SHELVING
Bass Shelving is used to match the low frequency response of the monitor to the acoustic environment. Bass Shelving uses DIP switches to control frequencies from 40Hz to 200Hz over an 8dB range and are marked +4dB, +2dB, –2dB, and –4dB. When all switches are in the OFF (left) position, the bass level is at 0dB.
NOTE: When using the BASS SHELVING & TREBLE SHELVING, select only one switch configuration at a time. Engaging multiple switch configurations (i.e., moving two or more switches ON) may cause undesirable operation and is NOT RECOMMENDED.
TREBLE SHELVING
Treble Shelving uses DIP switches to control frequencies from 5kHz to 20kHz over an 8dB range and are marked +4dB, +2dB, –2dB, and –4dB. When all switches are in the OFF (left) position, the treble level is at 0dB.
– 14 –
2dB
4dB
+2dB 0dB+4dB
–2dB –4dB
+2dB
0dB
+4dB
AC LINE
The TRM6.1 operates from a 115 VAC/60Hz power line. The TRM6.1CE operates from a 230 VAC 50/60Hz power line. Connection is made by a 16 gauge, IEC Type 320, grounded line cord. For safety considerations only a properly ground­ed (earthed) receptacle should be used. If a grounded circuit is not available, do not break off the ground pin; use the prop­er adapter plug for a two wire receptacle with the grounding plug suitably connected to earth ground.
IMPORTANT: The power line fuse is mounted on the rear panel. If this fuse blows, replace it only
with the same type and rating as indicated in the parts list.
POWER SWITCH
The POWER switch is located on the front panel. The LED will illuminate GREEN, indicating the respective amplifiers are on. It is possible to leave the power switch in the ON position and switch the monitor remotely through a power distribution block or switched outlet. When doing so, make sure the switch is rated for the current required by the monitor.
Standard practice is to turn the amplifier on last and off first when switching components to prevent
sending damaging transients to the speakers.
Es costumbre encender el amplificador de último y apagarlo de primero cuando se estan encendiendo/
apagando otros equipos, para así evitar el envío de transientes dañinas a los parlantes.
Il est de pratique courante de commencer par tourner l'amplificateur sur off et de terminer par on,
lorsqu'il s'agit de prévenir l'envoie de passages nuisible aux haut-parleurs.
Der Verstärker sollte als letztes Gerät eingeschaltet und als erstes Gerät wieder ausgeschaltet werden,
um eine Beschädigung der Lautsprecher durch spannungsspitzen zu vermeiden.
L'uso comune consiglia l'accensione dell'amplificatore per ultimo e lo spegnimento per primo quando
si accendono i vari componenti, per evitare l'invio di transitori danneggianti agli altoparlanti.
15
STATUS LED
Amplifier operation is monitored internally and has a status LED. This indicator can be used for system troubleshooting in case of aberrant behavior.
RUBBER PAD
A large rubber pad is supplied to eliminate annoying buzzes and rattles when placing the monitors on mixing consoles or similar mounting surfaces. Attach the pad to the underside of the monitor in the following manner:
Thoroughly clean area where pad will be positioned (i.e., with isopropyl alcohol)
Remove paper liner from rubber pad (avoid touching adhesive with fingers)
Position pad in desired location
Press pad firmly to insure good contact
BREAK-IN and WARM-UP
We recommend initially breaking in the woofer for approximately 8 hours with musical information to establish the mon­itor's natural bass response. To achieve the best sonic performance and image stability from the internal amplifiers, we rec­ommend letting them warm up for 1 hour before beginning any critical listening.
CLEANING and MAINTENANCE
There is no requirement for regular maintenance on the electronic components of the monitor. If the cabinet or woofer becomes soiled, it can be cleaned using a damp, soft cloth. If the monitor is located in a particularly dusty environment, cleaning the inside with compressed air or vacuuming every 18 to 24 months is sufficient.
LED – Monitors the status of the amplifiers.
*Indicates the amplifier is on regardless of input signal
COLOR STATUS
GREEN Power on*
FLASHING RED Clipping
RED Thermal
16
PARTS LIST
DESIGNATOR VALUE PART #
ALL RESISTORS IN OHMS
R1 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R10 RES 47K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-473B R102 RES 6.8K OHM 1/4W 5% RM/4-682C R103 RES 6.8K OHM 1/4W 5% RM/4-682C R104 POT 5K 10% PIHER RV-502Q R105 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R106 35.7K OHM 1/10 WATT 1% RM/10-3572B R107 35.7K OHM 1/10 WATT 1% RM/10-3572B R108 35.7K OHM 1/10 WATT 1% RM/10-3572B R109 RES 14K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1402B R11 POT 2K TRIM RV-202 R110 RES 14K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1402B R111 RES 14K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1402B R112 RES 13K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-133B R113 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R114 RES 620 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-621B R115 RES 10 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-100B R116 RES 620 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-621B R117 RES 100 OHM 1/4W 5% RM/4-101C R118 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R119 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R12 RES 10K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-103B R120 RES 9.76K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9761B R121 RES 280 OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2800B R122 RES 10 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-100B R123 RES 100 OHM 1/4W 5% RM/4-101C R124 RES 510 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-511B R125 RES 510 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-511B R128 RES 7.15K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-7151B R129 RES 7.15K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-7151B R13 RES 47K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-473B R130 RES 976K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9763B R131 RES 20.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2002B R132 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R133 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R134 RES 20.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2002B R135 RES 22K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-223B R136 POT 5K 10% RV-502Q R137 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R138 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R139 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R14 RES 10K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-103B R140 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R141 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R142 RES 10 OHM 1W RM1-100-012 R143 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R144 RES 1.07K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1071B R145 RES 3.92K OHM 1/4W 1% RMP/4-3921-03 R146 RES 2.2M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-225B R147 RES 3.92K OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-3921C R148 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R15 RES 3.3M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-335B R150 RES 100 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-101B R151 RES 100 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-101B R154 RES 1.5K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-152B R156 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R16 RES 4.7K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-472B R163 RES 16.2K 1/10 1% RM/10-1622B R164 RES 191K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1913B R165 RES 0 OHM 1/10W RM/10-000B R166 RES 9.09KOHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9091B R167 RES 6.49K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-6491B R169 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R17 RES 10K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-103B R170 RES 9.76K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9761B R171 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R172 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R173 RES 2.21K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2211B
R174 RES 1.33K OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-1331C R175 35.7K OHM 1/10 WATT 1% RM/10-3572B R176 RES 909 OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9090B R177 35.7K OHM 1/10 WATT 1% RM/10-3572B R178 30.1K RES 1% 0805 RM/10-3012B R179 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R18 RES 100K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-104B R180 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R181 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R182 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R183 RES 20 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-200B R184 RES 10 OHM 1W RM1-100-012 R19 RES 604K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-6043B R2 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R20 RES 100K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-104B R21 RES 2.2M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-225B R22 RES 100K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-104B R23 RES 100K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-104B R24 RES 10K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-103B R25 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R26 RES 1M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-105B R27 RES 1.3K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-132B R278 RES 510 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-511B R279 RES 510 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-511B R28 RES 1.3K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-132B R29 RES 121 OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-1210C R3 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R30 RES 121 OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-1210C R31 RES 220 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-221B R32 RES 10 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-100B R33 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R34 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R35 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R36 RES 3.3M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-335B R37 RES 10 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-100B R38 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R39 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R4 RES 47K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-473B R40 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R41 RES 620 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-621B R42 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R43 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R44 24.9K OHM RES. 1/10 W 1% RM/10-2492B R45 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R46 RES 3.92K OHM 1/4W 1% RMP/4-3921-03 R47 RES 2.2M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-225B R48 RES 3.92K OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-3921C R49 RES 604K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-6043B R5 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R50 RES 4.7K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-472B R51 RES 15K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-153B R52 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R53 RES 2.2M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-225B R54 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R55 RES 100 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-101B R56 RES 15K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-153B R57 RES 10K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-103B R58 200 TRIM POT RVH-201 R59 35.7K OHM 1/10 WATT 1% RM/10-3572B R6 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R60 RES 100 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-101B R61 RES 10K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-103B R62 RES 2.2M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-225B R63 RES 470 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-471B R64 RES 300 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-301B R65 RES 1.5K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-152B R66 RES 620 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-621B R67 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B R68 RES 100 OHM 1/4W 5% RM/4-101C R69 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R7 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B
– 17 –
R70 RES 280 OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2800B R71 RES 10 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-100B R72 RES 100 OHM 1/4W 5% RM/4-101C R73 RES 2.21K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2211B R74 RES 2.21K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2211B R75 RES 100K OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-104B R76 619K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-6193B R78 RES 1M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-105B R79 RES 1M OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-105B R8 POT 2K TRIM RV-202 R80 RES 6.49K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-6491B R81 RES 6.49K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-6491B R82 46.4K OHM RES. 1/10 W 1% RM/10-4642B R84 RES 120 OHM 1/10W 5% RM/10-121B R85 46.4K OHM RES. 1/10 W 1% RM/10-4642B R86 RES 5.49K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-5491B R87 RES 1.62K OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-1621C R88 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R89 RES 2.21K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2211B R9 POT 2K TRIM RV-202 R90 RES 2.21K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2211B R91 RES 9.09KOHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9091B R92 RES 9.09KOHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-9091B R93 RES 3.32K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-3321B R94 RES 2.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-2001B R95 RES 3.24K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-3241B R96 RES 1.62K OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-1621C R97 RES 1.33K OHM 1/4W 1% RM/4-1331C R98 24.9K OHM RES. 1/10 W 1% RM/10-2492B R99 RES 1.0K OHM 1/10W 1% RM/10-1001B
C1 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C10 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C11 CAP 10UF 16V CER-106SM C12 CAP 3300UF 35V CERS-338B C14 CAP .47UF 50V CYV-474-033 C15 CAP .1UF 50V CYV-104-033 C16 CAP 3300UF 35V CERS-338B C17 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C18 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C19 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C2 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C20 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C202 CAP 100PF 50V 5% CDS-101CAAA C21 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C22 CAP .47UF 50V CYV-474-033 C23 CAP .47UF 50V CYV-474-033 C24 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C25 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C26 CAP .1UF 50V CYV-104-033 C27 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C28 CAP 2.2UF 50V CER-225CSM C29 CAP 10UF 16V CER-106SM C3 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C30 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C31 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C32 CAP 10UF 16V CER-106SM C34 CAP .1UF 50V CYV-104-033 C35 CAP 100PF 50V 5% CDS-101CAAA C36 CAP .0022UF 50V CYV-222-033 C38 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C39 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C4 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C40 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C41 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C42 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C43 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C44 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C45 CAP .01UF 50V CYV-103-033 C46 CAP .01UF 50V CYV-103-033 C47 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C48 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C49 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C5 .047UF 50V CYV-473-033
C50 CAP .001UF CDS-102CBAA C51 .047UF 50V CYV-473-033 C52 CAP 120PF CDS-121CAAA C53 CAP .1UF 50V CYV-104-033 C54 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C55 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C56 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C57 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C58 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C59 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C6 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C60 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C61 CAP .001UF 50V CYV-102-033 C62 CAP-022UF 50V CYV-223-033 C63 CAP-022UF 50V CYV-223-033 C64 CAP .0022UF 50V CYV-222-033 C65 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C66 CAP 120PF 50V 5% CDS-121CAAA C67 CAP .1UF 50V CYV-104-033 C69 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C7 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C70 CAP 10UF 16V CER-106SM C71 CAP 3300UF 35V CERS-338B C72 CAP 3300UF 35V CERS-338B C75 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C76 CAP .47UF 50V CYV-474-033 C80 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C81 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C82 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C83 CAP 47PF 50V 5% CDS-470CAAA C84 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB C85 CAP .1UF 50V CYV-104-033 C86 CAP 220PF 50V 5% CDS-221CAAA C87 CAP 120PF 50V 5% CDS-121CAAA C88 CAP 120PF 50V 5% CDS-121CAAA C9 CAP .1UF 50V 10% CDS-104CBBB
CR1 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM CR10 BRIDGE RECTIFIER SS-0799-068 CR11 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM CR13 DIO MMBD914L SS-803SM CR14 DIO ZENER MMBZ5240BL SS-1052 CR15 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM CR16 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM CR2 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM CR22 DIO MMBD914L SS-803SM CR3 RD/GRN BICOLOR LED SS-2423 CR4 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM CR5 DIO MMBD914L SS-803SM CR6 DIO MMBD914L SS-803SM CR7 DIO MMBD914L SS-803SM CR8 DIO MMBD914L SS-803SM CR9 DIO DUAL BAV99L SS-260SM
Q10 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q11 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q12 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q13 XSTR MPS-A56 SS-101A-45 Q14 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q15 XSTR NPN MPSA06 SS-102A-45 Q16 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q17 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q18 XSTR MMBT5087L PNP SS-0115 Q19 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q2 Regulator LM317 SS-1375 Q21 XSTR MMBTA06L SS-102SM Q22 XSTR MPS-A56R SS-101A-45 Q23 XSTR NPN MPSA06 SS-102A-45 Q24 XSTR MMBT3904LT1 NPN SS-0792 Q25 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q26 XSTR MMBT5087L PNP SS-0115 Q27 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q28 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q29 XSTR MPS6521 SS-209
Components marked with this symbol are safety critical and should only be replaced with identical components.
Los componentes marcados con el simbolo son imprescindibles para la protección del equipo, por lo cual que solo sean reemplazados por los mismos componentes.
Les componsants marqués du symbole sont indis­pensables à la sécuritée et ne peuvent être remplacés qu'avec des composants identiques.
Bauteile, die mit einem gekenzeichnet sind, sind sehr wichtig und dürfen nur mit den orginal Ersatzteilen ausgetauscht werden.
I componenti contrassegnati da sono critici per la sicurezza e devono essere rimpiazzati solo con ricambi di valore identico.
– 18 –
Q3 Regulator LM337 SS-1376 Q30 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q31 XSTR MMBT5088L NPN SS-0114 Q32 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q33 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q35 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q37 XSTR MPS6521 SS-209 Q38 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q39 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q5 XSTR MMBTA06L SS-102SM Q6 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q7 XSTR MMBT3906LT1 PNP SS-0791 Q8 XSTR MMBT3904LT1 NPN SS-0792
U1 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM U112 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM U2 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM U3 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM U4 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM U5 COMPTR QUAD LM339 SS-730SM U7 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM U8 OPAMP TL072CD SS-143SM
DS1 SW SIDE ACT DIP 4 POS SW-1649 DS12 SW SIDE ACT DIP 4 POS SW-1649 DS4 SW SIDE ACT DIP 4 POS SW-1649 DS8 SW SIDE ACT DIP 4 POS SW-1649
J1
CONN XLR NEUTRIK NC3FAH-2-0
CC-2339
J2
RCA JACK, SINGLE WHITE, GOLD
CCH-232 JW1 SH 2X3 JUMPER CC-648 JW1 HDR 6 PIN DUAL ROW CC-673
V120
RES 0 OHM 1/4W (JUMPER WIRE)
RMP/4-0000-03 VV120
RES 0 OHM 1/4W (JUMPER WIRE)
RMP/4-0000-03
6.5" Woofer FG26387WP 1" Tweeter SPK10424 TRM6 MEHSA Bar WP-2439
AC6 CONN IEC POWER INLET CC-1174 CHASS1
HARNESS P1000 CHASSIS GND
FA-1401-A
FUSE 3A 3AG SLO BLO FS-003SB FUSE HOLDER CAP 3AG FS-1175 FUSE HOLDER BODY PC MOUNT
FS-1176 TS1 THERMISTOR 10K EPOXY SS-0426-066
Power Switch SHW9840 IEC Linecord WIR9856 Transformer TT-2326-E
MODEL: TRM6.1CE (230 VAC 50/60 Hz)
RES 0 OHM 1/4W (JUMPER WIRE) RMP/4-0000-03 FUSEHOLDER CAP 5X20mm FS-1269-A 5X20mm 0.8A SLO-BLO FUSE FS-1484-A European Linecord <HAR> WIR10138
TRM6.1 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
19
CIRCUIT OPERATION
transana Implementation
The transistor Q24 is configured to operate as a switch that controls the constant current source Q21 of the differ­ential amplifier Q27 and Q28. Switch Q24 is under the control of the thermal and turn-on circuits, and provides a Soft Start turn-on ramp according to the charging time of C70 through R13 and R156.
U8B is configured as a DC servo-integrator to null the output offset voltage. Class AB bias current is established by Q29, and adjusted by R11.
The positive and negative input signals are conveyed to the pre-driver transistors Q25 and Q26 by the differential amplifier Q27 and Q28, and by current mirror Q10 and Q19. Drivers Q22 and Q23 make the transition from the low-voltage front-end circuit to the high-voltage output stage. Buffer transistors Q30 and Q32 enhance the front-end drive current, and drive the positive output MOSFET Q20. The same is true for buffer transistors Q31 and Q33 and negative output MOSFET Q4.
CALIBRATION
WARNING: Only a competent technician should attempt the following procedure.
Bias:
The bias control establishes the quiescent Class AB output current of the amplifier. The bias should not need read­justment from the factory setting: however, if the amplifier is repaired and the output devices have been changed, calibrating the bias is necessary. Disconnect the power to the amplifier before removing the heatsink assembly from the speaker cabinet. To adjust the bias, remove the jumper JW1 and connect an ammeter across the exposed pins. Adjust trimpots R11 and R9 fully counter-clockwise before reapplying power to the unit. After the Soft Start turn-on has settled, note the ammeter reading. Adjust R11 until an additional 50mA is created. Then adjust R9 until another 50mA is added to the ammeter reading. Replace jumper JW1.
– 20–
SERVICE REFERENCE
Qualified Service Personnel Only
The input signal is connected to the amplifier through the balanced XLR connector J1, or the unbalanced RCA connector J2. Balanced/unbal­anced switch DS1 will ground the inverting input buffer, allowing operation with an unbalanced signal on either connector. Input buffers U1A and U1B provide a stable input impedance, dominat­ed by R10 and R4. The input circuit gain is set by switches DS2-DS6. Each switch inserts a different divider resistor for the feedback resistors R88 and R169, resulting in up to 15dB of additional input gain when DS6 is closed. Trimpot R8 adjusts the common-mode-rejection of the woofer channel.
The non-inverting input signal from U1A pin 1, and the inverting input signal from U1B pin 7, are summed together to form an unbalanced signal at U4A pin 1.
Input Circuit
Tweeter Crossover
The balanced input signal at U1A pin 1 and U1B pin 7 connects to a 2-stage 39µs delay, using U3A and U3B. This is followed by the high-frequency shelf circuit at U7B. Switches DS13-DS16 add various reactive components to the feedback network of U7B, resulting in +4dB, +2dB, -2dB, or -4dB of gain shelving above 5kHz. The next stage at U7A is a 3.2kHz 2nd order high-pass filter. The last stage consists of another 3.2kHz 2nd order high-pass filter, bringing the overall tweeter crossover response to a 4th order 24dB/octave slope. The final components before the tweeter amplifier (R104 and R105 ) can provide up to 2dB of additional gain to the tweeter channel.
– 21 –
Qualified Service Personnel Only
Woofer Crossover
The input signal at U4A pin 1 connects to the 3200Hz 2nd order low-pass filter at U112B. Approximately 2dB of additional gain can be added to this stage by adjusting R136 against the divider resistor, R137. The next stage is a 30Hz–60Hz switchable sub-sonic high-pass filter. This is followed by an adjustable low-frequency shelving filter which defaults at +6dB gain, according to the feedback resistors R129 and R134, and dividers R131 and R128. DS9–DS12 will switch in various reactive feedback networks to accomplish +4dB, +2dB, -2dB, or -4dB of gain shelving below 200Hz. The last stage is another 3200Hz 2nd order low-pass filter at U2A, which cascades with the previous filter at U112B to produce an overall 4th order slope of 24dB/octave for the woofer amplifier.
Thermal Protection
The thermal protection is activated, and shuts down audio operation, when the amplifier heatsink reaches an exces­sively high temperature. The voltage divider R22 and R23 establishes the reference voltage on pin 5 of U5B. The control voltage on pin 4 is established by the voltage divider TS1 and R25. TS1 is a NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor mounted on the heatsink. As TS1 warms and the resistance falls, the voltage on pin 4 rises. When the voltage on pin 4 exceeds the voltage on pin 5, the output on pin 2 goes low, shutting down the Soft Start switches Q8 and Q24, and lighting the CLIP/THERMAL indicator red.
– 22 –
Qualified Service Personnel Only
23
Clipping Indicator
The CLIP indicators are driven by the comparator U5A and U5D. The voltage divider R56, R57, and R51, R61 establishes the reference voltage for the Clipping detector at pin 7 of U5A and pin 9 of U5D. Excessive drive sig­nal at pin 6 or pin 8 will trigger its comparator low and light the CLIP/THERMAL indicator red.
On Indicator
The bicolor LED, CR3, will remain green unless a THERMAL or CLIP condition is detected. The outputs of com­parators U5A and U5D will be high, and Q35 will be off, allowing current to flow through the green LED of CR3 from ground to –17V.
Qualified Service Personnel Only
24
TWEETER REPLACEMENT
Qualified Service Personnel Only
1. Remove (4) screws from wave guide using a 3/32" Allen Wrench
2. Remove wave guide assembly from enclosure
3. Disconnect the LED harness (FIG. 1)
4. Disconnect the (2) speaker wires from the tweeter (FIG. 2)
5. Disconnect the (2) power switch wires (FIG. 3)
6. Unclip the tweeter from wave guide (4 catch fingers)
7. Position the replacement tweeter into wave guide
8. Snap the tweeter into wave guide
9. Follow steps 1-5 in reverse order to install wave guide assembly
CAUTION: Reconnect wires as indicated in each diagram!
Wave Guide Assembly
FIG. 1
LED Harness
FIG. 2
Tweeter Replacement #SPK10424
FIG. 3
Power Switch
WOOFER REPLACEMENT
FIG. 4
Woofer Replacement
1. Remove (4) screws from woofer using a 3/32" Allen Wrench
2. Remove woofer from enclosure
3. Disconnect (2) speaker wires
(FIG. 4)
4. Follow steps 1-3 in reverse order to install new woofer
CAUTION: Reconnect wires as indicated in each diagram!
AMPLIFIER REPLACEMENT
25
Qualified Service Personnel Only
1. Remove (2) screws from back using a 3/32" Allen Wrench (FIG. 5)
2. Disconnect PCB mounted LED harness (FIG. 6)
3. Disconnect PCB mounted tweeter speaker wires (FIG. 7)
4. Disconnect PCB mounted woofer speaker wires (FIG. 7)
5. Disconnect PCB mounted transformer primary wires (FIG. 8)
6. Disconnect PCB mounted transformer secondary wires (FIG. 8)
7. Disconnect PCB mounted power switch wires (FIG. 8)
CAUTION: Reconnect wires as indicated in diagram!
FIG. 5
Amplifier Replacement
Remove
only
these
(2) screws
FIG. 6
PCB Mounted LED Harness
FIG. 7
PCB Mounted Speaker Wires
FIG. 8
Transformer / Power Switch Wires
TRANSFORMER REPLACEMENT
MODEL TRM6.1
120V 50Hz VAC
MODEL TRM6.1CE
230V 50/60Hz VAC
The TRM6.1 is available both 120V and 230V versions. If it is necessary to perform service on the amplifier, be sure to check connections to the transformer before re-applying power and/or re­assembling the unit.
CAUTION: Reconnect wires as indicated in
diagram!
SERVICE POLICY AND LIMITED WARRANTY
– 26 –
Rockford Corporation (Hafler Division) offers a limited warranty on Hafler products on the following terms:
Length of Warranty
1 year on Reference Monitors
What is Covered
This warranty applies only to products sold to the original owner and is non-transferable. This warranty only applies to units sold in the continental United States. You are required to have a copy of the receipt stating the cus­tomer's name, dealer name, product purchased and date of purchase.
Products found to be defective during the warranty period will be repaired or replaced (with product deemed to
be equivalent) at Hafler's discretion.
What is NOT Covered
1. Damage caused by accident, abuse, improper operations, water, theft
2. Service performed by anyone other than Hafler or an Authorized Hafler service center
3. Any product purchased outside the United States (please contact your local dealer)
4. Shipping charges to get the unit to Hafler
5. Any product which has had the serial number defaced, altered, or removed
Limit on Implied Warranties
Any implied warranties including warranties of fitness for use and merchantability are limited in duration to the period of the express warranty set forth above. Some states do not allow limitations on the length of an implied warranty, so this limitation may not apply. No person is authorized to assume for Hafler any other liability in con­nection with the sale of the product.
How to obtain service or technical support
Please call 1-800-669-9899 for Rockford/Hafler support. You must obtain an RA # (return authorization number) to return any products to Hafler. You are responsible for shipment of product to Hafler.
Rockford Corporation Hafler Division 2055 E. 5th Street Tempe, Arizona 85281
LIT 11382
11/00 E.W.R.
HAFLER
A DIVISION OF
ROCKFORD CORPORATION
546 SOUTH ROCKFORD DRIVE
TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281 U.S.A.
1.866.GOHAFLER
480.967.3565
WWW.HAFLER.COM
MADE IN THE USA
This product is designed, developed and assembled in the USA by a dedicated
group of American workers. The majority of the components used in the con­struction of this product are produced by American companies. However, due to the global nature of their manufacturing facilities and the electronics parts indus-
try in general, some parts may be manufactured in other countries.
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