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GW Instek PEL-2002, PEL-2000 Series, PEL-2004 User Manual

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Programmable DC Electronic Load
PEL-2000 Series
USER MANUAL
ISO-9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER
March 2010
This manual contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this manual may be photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without prior written consent of the Good Will company.
The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing. However, Good Will continues to improve products and reserves the right to change specification, equipment, and maintenance procedures at any time without notice.
Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd. No. 7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng City, Taipei County 236, Taiwan.
Table of Contents
3
Table of Contents
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ................................................... 5
GETTING STARTED ......................................................... 10
Main Features ...................................... 12
Series Overview ................................... 13
Package Contents and Accessories....... 15
Measurement Overview ....................... 16
Front Panel Overview ........................... 17
Display Overview – Mainframe ............ 22
Rear Panel Overview ............................ 25
Front Panel Overview – Load Module ... 28 LED Display Overview – Load Module .. 32
Installation .......................................... 35
Load Connections ................................ 43
Frame Link Connection ........................ 54
Channel Control Connection ................ 56
Go/NoGo Connection .......................... 59
OPERATING DESCRIPTION ............................................. 60
Operating Mode Description ............... 61
Run Program ........................................ 71
Sequence ............................................. 74
Parallel Dynamic Loading .................... 78
Configurations Description .................. 79
Interface and File System ..................... 89
TUTORIALS ..................................................................... 96
Local loads .......................................... 97
Single Channel Load ............................ 99
Programming ..................................... 101
Sequences .......................................... 103
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
4
Frame Link ......................................... 104
Channel Control ................................. 106
General Configuration Options .......... 108
OPERATION ................................................................... 109
Local Mode Operation ....................... 112
Mainframe Basic Operation ............... 119
Channel Configuration ....................... 160
Mainframe Configuration ................... 180
Interface Configuration (settings) ...... 195
Save / Recall ...................................... 201
INTERFACE .................................................................... 232
Interface Configuration ...................... 233
FAQ ............................................................................... 241
APPENDIX ..................................................................... 242
Fuse Replacement .............................. 242
Battery Replacement .......................... 243
Firmware Update ............................... 244
Calibration ......................................... 245
Range Chart ....................................... 246
Default Settings ................................. 251
Specifications .................................... 253
Dimensions ....................................... 261
EC Declaration of Conformity ............. 263
INDEX ............................................................................ 264
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
5
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This chapter contains important safety instructions that you must follow when operating the PEL-2002/PEL-2004, and when keeping it in storage. Read the following before operating the PEL-2002/2004 to ensure your safety and to keep the PEL-2000 series in the best possible condition.
Safety Symbols
These safety symbols may appear in this manual or on the PEL­2002/2004.
WARNING
Warning: Identifies conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION
Caution: Identifies conditions or practices that could result in damage to THE PEL-2002/2004 or to other properties.
DANGER High Voltage
Attention Refer to the Manual
Protective Conductor Terminal
Earth (ground) Terminal
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
6
Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted municipal waste. Please use a separate collection facility or contact the supplier from which this instrument was purchased.
Safety Guidelines
General Guideline
CAUTION
Do not place any heavy object on the PEL-
2002/2004.
Avoid severe impact or rough handling that
leads to damaging the PEL-2002/2004.
Do not discharge static electricity to the PEL-
2002/2004.
Do not block or obstruct the cooling fan vent
openings.
Do not perform measurement at circuits directly
connected to Mains (Note below).
Do not disassemble the PEL-2002/2004 unless
you are qualified as service personnel.
The equipment is not for measurements
performed for CAT II, III and IV.
(Measurement categories) EN 61010-1:2001 specifies the measurement categories and their requirements as follows. The PEL-2002/2004 falls under category I.
Measurement category IV is for measurement performed at the
source of low-voltage installation.
Measurement category III is for measurement performed in the
building installation.
Measurement category II is for measurement performed on the
circuits directly connected to the low voltage installation.
Measurement category I is for measurements performed on
circuits not directly connected to Mains.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
7
Power Supply
WARNING
AC Input voltage: 115V/230V switchable,
50/60Hz
The power supply voltage should not fluctuate
more than 15%.
Connect the protective grounding conductor of
the AC power cord to an earth ground, to avoid electrical shock.
Fuse
WARNING
Fuse type: T3.15A/250V
Make sure the correct type of fuse is installed
before power up.
To avoid fire, only replace the fuse with the
specified type and rating.
Disconnect the power cord before fuse
replacement.
Make sure the cause of a fuse blowout is fixed
before replacing the fuse.
Battery
WARNING
Battery type: CR17345 (See page 243).
When replacing the battery ensure that the
correct make and model are used.
Cleaning the PEL-2000
Disconnect the power cord before cleaning.
Use a soft cloth dampened in a solution of mild
detergent and water. Do not spray any liquid.
Do not use chemicals or cleaners containing
harsh material such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and acetone.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
8
Operation Environment
Location: Indoor, no direct sunlight, dust free,
almost non-conductive pollution (Note below)
Temperature: 0°C to 40°C
Altitude: Up to 2000m
Transient Overvoltage on the main supply is
2500V.
(Pollution Degree) EN 61010-1:2001 specifies the pollution degrees and their requirements as follows. THE PEL-2002/2004 falls under degree 2.
Pollution refers to “addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid, or gaseous (ionized gases), that may produce a reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity”.
Pollution degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive
pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence.
Pollution degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution
occurs. Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected.
Pollution degree 3: Conductive pollution occurs, or dry, non-
conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to condensation which is expected. In such conditions, equipment is normally protected against exposure to direct sunlight, precipitation, and full wind pressure, but neither temperature nor humidity is controlled.
Storage environment
Location: Indoor
Relative Humidity: < 80%
Temperature: −10°C to 70°C
Disposal
Do not dispose this instrument as unsorted municipal waste. Please use a separate collection facility or contact the supplier from which this instrument was purchased. Please make sure discarded electrical waste is properly recycled to reduce environmental impact.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
9
Power cord for the United Kingdom
When using the PEL-2002/2004 in the United Kingdom, make sure the power cord meets the following safety instructions.
NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by competent persons
WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED
IMPORTANT: The wires in this lead are coloured in accordance with the following code:
Green/ Yellow: Earth
Blue: Neutral
Brown: Live (Phase)
As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond with the coloured marking identified in your plug/appliance, proceed as follows:
The wire which is coloured Green & Yellow must be connected to the Earth terminal marked with either the letter E, the earth symbol
or coloured
Green/Green & Yellow.
The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured Blue or Black.
The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal marked with the letter L or P or coloured Brown or Red.
If in doubt, consult the instructions provided with the equipment or contact the supplier.
This cable/appliance should be protected by a suitably rated and approved HBC mains fuse: refer to the rating information on the equipment and/or user instructions for details. As a guide, a cable of 0.75mm2 should be protected by a 3A or 5A fuse. Larger conductors would normally require 13A types, depending on the connection method used.
Any exposed wiring from a cable, plug or connection that is engaged in a live socket is extremely hazardous. If a cable or plug is deemed hazardous, turn off the mains power and remove the cable, any fuses and fuse assemblies. All hazardous wiring must be immediately destroyed and replaced in accordance to the above standard.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
10
GETTING STARTED
This chapter describes the features and functions of the PEL-2002/2004, including the front and rear panel appearance, panel installation and connection types. Use the Tutorial section for quick access to step by step instructions on the main functions.
Main Features ................................................................. 12
Series Overview ............................................................... 13
Package Contents and Accessories .................................. 15
Measurement Overview ................................................... 16
Front Panel Overview ...................................................... 17
Display Overview – Mainframe ........................................ 22
GETTING STARTED
11
Rear Panel Overview ........................................................ 25
Front Panel Overview – Load Module ............................... 28
LED Display Overview – Load Module ............................. 32
Installation ..................................................................... 35
Load Module Installation ..................... 35
GPIB Installation ................................. 38
Rack Mount Installation ....................... 39
Channel Number .................................. 40
Power Up & Self Test ........................... 41
Load Connections ........................................................... 43
Precautions and Procedures ................ 43
Remote (Sense) Connection ................. 48
Single Load Connections ...................... 50
Parallel Load Connections.................... 52
Frame Link Connection .................................................... 54
Channel Control Connection ............................................ 56
Go/NoGo Connection ..................................................... 59
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
12
Main Features
Description
The PEL-2002 and 2004 are multichannel programmable DC electronic load mainframes. The PEL-2002 mainframe is able to hold 2 load modules, whilst the PEL-2004 is able to hold 4. The flexible module configuration allows the mainframes to either sink multiple loads independently or large loads when used in parallel.
The PEL-2000 series support three operation modes: constant current (CC), constant voltage (CV and CV+CC) and constant resistance (CR). Constant current and constant resistance mode can operate in either static or dynamic mode.
Feature Overview
Flexible operation with removable load modules
Multiple independent isolated channels
High performance, up to 5 digit resolution
High slew rate enabling a high response speed
High capacity when frame linked
Different load module types can be used in the
same mainframe
Supports rack mount installation (PEL-2004)
Supports frame link connections, with up to 4
slave units
Color LCD display
120 different sets of programmable sequences
Accurate load simulation using Sequences
4 panel setups
USB flash drive support
GETTING STARTED
13
Interface
USB
RS-232C
GPIB (optional)
Series Overview
The PEL-2000 series comprises of two different Mainframes: the PEL­2002 and the PEL-2004. The Mainframes differ by the number of load modules that can be accommodated. The PEL-2002 has two load module slots whilst the PEL-2004 has 4. There are 4 different load module models, the PEL-2020, PEL-2030, PEL-2040 and PEL-2041.
PEL-2040 PEL-2041PEL-2020 PEL-2030
PEL-2020
DC Electronic Load
L R
20A/ 80V, 100W
20A/ 80V, 100W
PEL-2030
DC Electronic Load
5A/ 80V, 30W
40A/ 80V, 250W
L R
PEL-2041
DC Electronic Load
10A/ 500V, 350W
PEL-2040
DC Electronic Load
70A/ 80V, 350W
DC ElectronicLoad
PEL-2004
LOCAL UTILITY
CAL.
F5F4F3F2
ON/ OFF
SHIFT
PRESET
ENTER
F1
FILEFUNC
LOAD
9
CHAN
87
3
CLEAR
2
1
0
456
HELP
P0 LOCK
P3P1 P2
P6P4 P5
P9P7 P8
A/B
DYNA.
STATIC/
SHORT
DISPLAY
LOAD
V sense
500VDC
MAX
MAX
500VDC80VDC
MAX
MAX
80VDC
V sense
LOAD
DISPLAY
SHORT
STATIC/ DYNA.
A/B
R
80VDC
MAXMAX
80VDC
L
MAX 80VDC
MAX
80VDC
R
V senseV sense
L
LOAD
DISPLAY
SHORT
STATIC/ DYNA.
R/LR/L
DYNA.
STATIC/
SHORT
DISPLAY
LOAD
L
V sense V sense
R
80VDC
MAX
80VDC
MAX
L
80VDC
MAX MAX
80VD C
R
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
14
PEL-2020 PEL-2040
DC Electronic Load
PEL-2002
PEL-2040
DC Electronic Load
70A/ 80V, 350W
PEL-2020
DC Electronic Load
L
R
20A/ 80V, 100W
20A/ 80V, 100W
P8P7 P9
P5P4 P6
P2P1 P3
LOCKP0
HELP
654
0
12
CLEAR
3
78
CHAN
9
LOAD
FUNC FILE
F1
ENTER
PRESET
SHIFT
OFF
ON/
F2 F3 F4 F5
CAL.
UTILITYLOCAL
80VDC
MAX
MAX
80VDC
Vsense
LOAD
DISPLAY
SHORT
STATIC/
DYNA.
A/BR/L
DYNA.
STATIC/
SHORT
DISPLAY
LOAD
L
Vsense Vsense
R
80VDC
MAX
80VDC
MAX
L
80VDC
MAX MAX
80VDC
R
The 4 different load module models each differ in the amount of current, voltage and power and the amount of channels that the load module can accommodate. The procedures in this manual will be load module model independent unless specifically stated. Below is a table showing the basic differences between each load module model. For detailed specifications, please see page 253.
Load Module Channels
Power (W)
CH L/R
Current (A)
Range
Low/High
Voltage (V)
PEL-2020
(100Wx2) 2 100/100 2/20 1-80
PEL-2030 (30/250W)
2 30/250 5/4/40 1-80
PEL-2040 1 350 7/70 1-80
PEL-2041 1 350 1/10 2.5-500
GETTING STARTED
15
Package Contents and Accessories
The PEL-2000 electronic load generator has a number of standard and optional accessories that can be ordered. For more information please visit the GW Instek website at www.gwinstek.com
or
consult your authorized distributor for details.
Standard Accessories
Description
Power Cable Mains power cable (region dependent)
User Manual PEL-2000 Series Electronic DC load User Manual
(region dependent)
GTL-120 Load cables 2X red, 2X black (per load module)
GTL-121 Remote sense cables , 1X red, 1X black (per load
module)
Options Description
PEL-2020
PEL-2030
PEL-2040
PEL-2041
Load Module
PEL-001 GPIB interface (Factory installed)
Optional Accessories
Description
PEL-002 PEL-2000 Rack Mount kit (handle only)
GTL-232 RS-232C
GTL-246 USB
GTL-248 GPIB cable
GTL-249 Frame link
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
16
Measurement Overview
The PEL-2000 series has a number of different operating modes that are completely configurable. All the modes have customizable Go/NoGo limits, range limits, timers, slew rates, alarms and protection limits. To make tests, Programs and Sequences can be created.
Function
Description
Constant Current Mode (CC)
In constant current mode, the PEL-2002/2004 will sink a constant amount of current, regardless of the voltage.
Constant Voltage Mode (CV)
Under constant voltage mode, the voltage remains unchanged, regardless of the current.
Constant Resistance Mode (CR)
In constant resistance mode, the resistance load will remain unchanged as the voltage and current remain proportional.
Programmable Sequences (Prog.)
The PEL 2000 series supports programming sequences. With up to 120 different memory settings in 12 programs with 10 sequences.
Sequences (Seq.)
Used to create load profiles to accurately simulate a load. Sequences can be created for each channel.
GETTING STARTED
17
Front Panel Overview
DC Electronic Load
PEL-2002
LOCAL
CAL.
F5F4F3F2
ON / OFF
SHIFTPRESET
ENTER
F1
FILEFUNC
LOAD
9
CHAN
87
3
CLEAR
21
0
456
P0 LOCK
P3P1 P2
P6P4 P5
P9P7 P8
UTILITY
HELP
LCD display
Function keys
System Keys
Number Pad
Operation
keys
PowerUSB input
Selector
Knob
LCD display
320 by 240, TFT LCD display.
Function keys
Assigned to the menu functions on the bottom of the display.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
18
System Keys
CHAN/LOCAL is used to select the load channel. Combined with the shift key, Local is used to activate/deactivate local control (during remote control via the interface or frame link connections).
Brings up the Channel Menu.
Used to activate local control mode during remote control via the interface
Used to access the Program or Sequence menu.
Used to access the File menu.
Brings up the Help menu and utility menu.
Provides help for the last function /key pressed.
Activates the Utility Menu.
GETTING STARTED
19
Number pad
Enter numerical values, or to save/recall presets (P0-P9).
Number values.
Preset numbers P0­P9.
Decimal point and Calibration key
Decimal point.
Activate calibration mode.
Note
Please note, calibration mode is not supported. Please see your distributor for calibration needs.
CLEAR
LOCK
Clears current values. Alternative function locks the keys and the Selector knob.
CLEAR
LOCK
Clears the current value.
Locks all the keys and Selector knob.
USB Input
USB flash memory slot.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
20
Selector Knob
Used to select operations and to increase/decrease values.
When turned left or right moves the cursor in menus or changes the selected item or value.
When pushed down, acts as the Enter key.
Operation Keys
Saves and recalls preset settings and values.
When pressed in combination with the number pad, Presets P0-P9 can be recalled or saved.
Inactive
PRESET
Active. Used in combination with the number pad and/or shift key.
Press to recall a channel preset
Hold to save a channel preset
Press to recall all channel presets.
Hold to save all channel presets.
GETTING STARTED
21
The shift key is used to access alternate functions assigned to select keys
Inactive
Active. When active the shift key can be used to access the Local and Utility menus.
Confirms selections.
Turns the current load/channel on or off
Load is currently off. (unlit)
Load is currently on. (orange light)
Power
Turns the unit on or into standby mode.
Standby mode.
On.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
22
Display Overview – Mainframe
Mainframe Status Panel
The Mainframe Status Panel displays the status of the Mainframe interface, programs and alarm status.
Frame Link Status
FRS
FRM
Indicates Frame Link is turned on and that the mainframe is set as either a master (FRM) or slave (FRS) unit.
GETTING STARTED
23
Load Type
SEQ
PROG
LOAD LOAD
PROG
SEQ
The Load Type Icon indicates if a Sequence (SEQ) or Program (PROG) is turned on. If not then LOAD is displayed as default. When any Load type is running, their icon will turn orange.
Interface Status
USB
GPIB
RS232
The interface status icon displays which interface type is set.
Current Operation Channel Status Panel
The Current Operation Channel Status panel generally displays the status of the current channel.
Channel *CH1~
*CH8
Displays the current channel. An asterisk * denotes independent mode for the channel.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
24
Mode CC
CR CV
Displays the current mode.
Static / Dynamic
Displays whether the channel is in Static or Dynamic mode.
Range High
Low
Displays High or Low range.
Go/NoGo SPEC If Go/NoGo is turned
on, SPEC will be displayed.
Response Speed
Slow Fast
In CV mode the response speed will be shown, Slow or Fast.
Channel Control
EXT When Channel Control is
set to External, EXT will be displayed.
Menu
Main Conf s_edit File s_loop
Shows the current menu. = Chan menu = ChanConfigure menu = ChanSeq.Edit menu = File menu = ChanSeq.EditLoop menu
Date and Time
The date is displayed as Month/Day/Year and the time is set as a 24-hour time notation.
Main Screen
Main display screen
Menu Icons
F1~F5
Each Menu Icon is controlled by the F1~F5 function keys directly below.
GETTING STARTED
25
Rear Panel Overview
PEL-2004
PEL-2002
GROUNDING CONDUCTOR MUST BE CONNECTED TO GROUND.
NO OPERATOR SERVICEABLE COMPONENTS INSIDE.
FOR CONTINUED FIRE PROTECTION. REPLACE FUSE ONLY WITH
250V FUSE OF THE SPECIFIED TYPE AND RATING.
DO NOT REMOVE COVERS. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.
TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK THE POWER CORD PRO TECTIVE
WARNING
AS SPECIFIED
FUSE RATING
230V
115V
REPLACE FUSE
T 3.15A 250V
AC
120 VA MAX
50/60 Hz
BEFORE REPLACING FUSE
DISCONNECT POWER CORD
RS232C
GPIB
GO / NG OUTPUT
FRAME CONT
1
2
SER. NO. LB
CH CONT 41CH CONT 31CH CONT 21CH CONT 1
1
10.0 mm
STRIP GAUGE
AWG 24
Power switch, Power Socket, Fuse
Channel Control, 1~4
Go/NoGo
Output
GPIB
RS232C
USB-B
terminal
USB-A
terminal
Frame Control 1,2
Go/NoGo Output
The Go/NoGo Output terminal outputs a pass (high)/fail (low) voltage for each channel.
See page 239, 59 for details.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
26
RS232 port/ GPIB port
The RS232 and GPIB port is used for remote control connections.
RS-232C: DB-9 pin male
GPIB: 24-pin female
See pages 233, 234 for remote control details.
USB-A(host)/ USB-B (device) port
The USB-B (device) port, like the RS232/GPIB port is used for remote control. Like the front panel, the USB-A port is used for data storage.
See page 89 for interface details.
Frame Control Port
The Frame Control port is used for Frame Link connections. Mainframes are daisy-chained together. There are two Frame control ports.
1: Slave 2: Master
Connection type: MIL 20-pin connector.
For details about frame link connections see page 54, 236.
Power Switch
External Power Switch
GETTING STARTED
27
Power Socket/ Fuse
The power supply socket accepts the AC mains Voltage. The fuse holder is located below the power socket.
Power: 50/60 Hz (180 VA)
Fuse: T3.15A/250V
For fuse replacement details see page 242.
Channel Control port (1~8)
Each channel has a dedicated Channel control port to enable external monitoring and control. The channel control port has 6 wire sockets that are screw-less and self clamping.
Required wire gauge: 24 AWG
For connection or specification details see pages 56 & 235.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
28
Front Panel Overview – Load Module
PEL-2020
DC Electronic Load
L
R
20A / 80V , 100W
20A / 80V , 100W
R/L
DYNA.
STATIC/
SHORT
DISPLAY
LOAD
L
V sense V sense
R
80V DC
MAX
80V DC
MAX
L
80V DC
MAX MAX
80V DC
R
LED
display
R/L A/B Key
Display Key
Load Key
Selector Knob
Static/ Dynamic Key
Short Key
V Sense L
V Sense R
Terminals
(Left)
Terminals (Right)
LED display
2x5 digit custom LED display.
Right/Left Key
or
A/B Key
The L/R key is used to switch between the right and left load channel on a dual channel load module. The A/B key is used to switch between A&B Values for single channel load modules.
GETTING STARTED
29
Display Key
Used to alternate the display output on the load module.
Current
Voltage
Power
Load time
Load Key
LOAD
Activates the load for the active channel. (Right or Left)(A or B)
Left Voltage Sense
The voltage sense terminals are used when precise measurement is needed. V Sense terminals are used to compensate for voltage drops across the main terminals caused by the resistance of the load wires.
It is automatically activated when connected to a DUT.
Right Voltage Sense
Positive and Negative Terminals Left
The terminals for both the left and right side of a load can draw differing amounts depending on the load module specifications.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
30
Positive and Negative Terminals Righ t
For 2 channel load modules, the left terminals are used for the 1
st
channel and the right terminals are used for the 2
nd
channel.
On single channel load modules, the left terminals are the lower (-) potential terminals, whilst the right terminals are the positive (+) potential terminals.
Static/Dynamic Selector Key
The STATIC/DYNA. Key manually switches the load from Static (manual) to Dynamic loads.
Dynamic loads are only supported in CC and CR mode. For more information see page 61 &
65.
Selector Knob (Load)
The load Selector Knob is used to edit and vary parameters for the active channel on the local load. Depending on the Mainframe setup, the Selector Knob will either only update the load (locally) or will update both the local module and the mainframe*. The Selector knob can also be configured to display measured or set values on the local load module**.
* For more information on “Knob Type”, see page 188.
** For more information on “Slave Knob”, see page 192.
GETTING STARTED
31
Short Key
The SHORT key is used to manually short circuit the active channel on the local active load. When a load is off, the SHORT key will toggle the Short key type.
Hold: Hold the SHORT key to short the channel load.
Toggle: Press the SHORT key to toggle shorting the load on or off.
Load on: Pressing or holding the SHORT key will short the load, depending on the short type selected.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
32
LED Display Overview – Load Module
1&2. Channel Display
or
Left and right channel indicator.
5 digit display.
3&7. Channel Number Indicator
Indicates the channel number (1-8).
Indicates if the load is active on the load module. (Dual channel load modules)
Indicates if the load is on for single channel load modules.
GETTING STARTED
33
4. Mode Indicator
The Mode Indicator LEDs will indicate what the current mode or settings are on the active channel(s).
or
Value A or B for a single channel load module. Applies to CR, CV, and CC static mode only.
Constant Current Mode (CC) mode activated.
Constant Voltage Mode (CV) mode activated.
Constant Resistance Mode (CR).
Display is shown on dual channel load modules when both left (L) and right (R) channel information is displayed.
Press the Display button repeatedly to show information for both channels.
Lights up when Go/NoGo is activated and the load passes (GO) the Go/NoGo limits.
or
L or R will light up when the left or right channel is selected.
Lights up when in Static mode.
Lights up when in Dynamic mode.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
34
Lights up when a load is shorted.
Lights up when Go/NoGo is activated and the load fails (NG) the Go/NoGo limits.
5&6. Channel Unit Indicators
The Unit Indicators display current the unit.
Voltage
Resistance
Current
Power
GETTING STARTED
35
Installation
The installation chapter describes how to load the different load modules, install the optional GPIB card, the rack mount kit and how to determine each channel number.
Load Module Installation
WARNING
To avoid static electricity, please use appropriate anti­static work practices.
Module installation
The PEL-2004 and 2002 can accommodate 4 and 2 load modules, respectively. Module loads can have 1 or 2 channels. Installation of load modules is the same for both models.
Steps
1. Ensure the PEL mainframe is
turned off from the rear panel. Disconnect the power cord.
2. Slide the module onto the rails of an empty
load slot.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
36
3. Use the supplied screw to fix the module to the
load slot, located under the load terminals.
4. Install any additional modules as described
above.
5. If there are any slots empty, install the
supplied panel cover (GW Instek part number: 63FP-AG106501). The panel cover will improve safety and increase air flow.
GETTING STARTED
37
6. Use the supplied screws to fix the panel
cover(s) over the load slot.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
38
GPIB Installation
WARNING
To avoid static electricity, please use appropriate anti­static work practices.
GPIB Card installation
The PEL-2004 and 2002 has GPIB as an option (GW Instek part no. PEL-001).
Steps
1. Ensure the mainframe is disconnected from
mains power.
2. Remove the screws from the GPIB cover plate
and remove the cover plate from the rear panel.
3. Slide the GPIB card into the slot and push
gently until the back plate is flush with the rear panel.
1
2
4. Use the screws that were removed from step 1
to secure the GPIB card.
GETTING STARTED
39
Rack Mount Installation
Background
The PEL-2004 can be used in a standard 19” rack mount enclosure with the optional rack mount kit (GW Instek part no. 11EL-20040201). Each unit requires a rack height of 4U with a 1U space for ventilation top and bottom. The rear of the rack mount enclosure must be free of obstruction to allow heat to dissipate from the mainframe(s).
Steps
1. Screw the rack mount brackets as shown below
using the supplied bolts.
PEL-2004
2. Insert into a standard 19” rack enclosure with
at least 1U of space top and bottom for ventilation.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
40
Channel Number
Description
The channel number for a module load is determined by which slot it occupies on the mainframe chassis. There can be 1 or 2 channels per slot, depending on the load module type.
The PEL2002 has two slots; The PEL-2004 has 4 slots. Channel 1 is the farthest away from the main display panel and channel 8 (PEL2004) or channel 4 (PEL2002) is the closest to the main display panel.
Below the PEL-2004 has all 4 slots occupied with the PEL-2020, 2030, 2040 & 2041series load modules (LM), respectively. The PEL-2020 & 2030 have 2 channels per load module, the PEL-2040 & 2041 have only 1. So the channel determination is:
LM1: CH1,CH2; LM2: CH3,CH4; LM3: CH5; LM4: CH6.
CH1
CH2
CH3
CH4
CH5 CH6
PEL-2020
DC Electronic Load
L R
20A/ 80V, 100W
20A/ 80V, 100W
PEL-2030
DC Electronic Load
5A/ 80V, 30W
40A/ 80V, 250W
L R
PEL-2041
DC Electronic Load
10A/ 500V, 350W
PEL-2040
DC Electronic Load
70A/ 80V, 350W
DC ElectronicLoad
PEL-2004
LOCAL UTILITY
CAL.
F5
F4
F3
F2
ON/ OFF
SHIFT
PRESET
ENTER
F1
FILEFUNC
LOAD
9
CHAN
87
3
CLEAR
2
1
0
4
56
HELP
P0 LOCK
P3P1 P2
P6P4 P5
P9P7 P8
A/B
DYNA.
STATIC/
SHORT
DISPLAY
LOAD
V sense
500VDC
MAX
MAX
500VDC80VDC
MAX
MAX
80VDC
V sense
LOAD
DISPLAY
SHORT
STATIC/ DYNA.
A/B
R
80VDC
MAXMAX
80VDC
L
MAX
80VDC
MAX
80VDC
R
V senseV sense
L
LOAD
DISPLAY
SHORT
STATIC/ DYNA.
R/LR/L
DYNA.
STATIC/
SHORT
DISPLAY
LOAD
L
V sense V sense
R
80VDC
MAX
80VDC
MAX
L
80VDC
MAX MAX
80VDC
R
GETTING STARTED
41
Power Up & Self Test
Panel operation
1. Connect the power cord
to the power socket.
2. Turn the external power
switch on.
3. Hold the power button
on the front panel to turn on the power.
The power button turns green from red (standby).
WARNING
Ensure that the power outlet has a ground socket. The power outlet will have a ground connection if it is a 3 socket type.
Upon turning on, the Mainframe will perform a self-test. The self-test checks the System, followed by any attached channels.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
42
When the system check happens, the load modules will display each channel as it is checked, then display the current mode.
4. If any of the System checks fails, please power
down the load generator and reinstall the appropriate load module(s).
5. To turn off the load
generator, hold the power button for a few seconds.
The PEL mainframe will return to standby mode.
GETTING STARTED
43
Load Connections
Precautions and Procedures
Intoduction
The PEL-2000 load generator supports a number of different load configurations for flexible operation.
Single DUT, single load Single DUT, parallel load Multiple DUTs, multiple loads Multiple DUTs, multiple mainframe loads Single DUT, parallel mainframes DC loads Low voltage connections
The PEL-2000 also supports a number of different control methods and interfaces. The connections used are described here:
Frame link Channel control Go/NoGo
Wire Gauge considerations
Before connecting the PEL-2000, wire gauge must be taken into account. Load wires must be large enough to resist overheating when a short-circuit condition occurs as well as maintain a good regulation. The size, polarity and length of a wire are all factors in determining if a wire will withstand short circuiting.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
44
Wire Selection
Wires that are selected must be large enough to withstand a short circuit and limit voltage drops to no more than 2V per wire. Use the table below to help make a suitable selection.
AWG Max Current A(Amp)
24 7.64 22 10.0 20 13.1 18 17.2 16 22.6 14 30.4 12 40.6 10 55.3
Load Line Inductance Considerations
When using the PEL-2000 load generator, voltage drop and voltage generated due to load line inductance and current change must be taken into account. Extreme changes in voltage may exceed the minimum or maximum voltage limits. Exceeding the maximum voltage limit may damage the PEL-2000.
To determine the voltage generated, the following equation can be used.
E = L x (∆ I / ∆ T)
E= voltage generated L=load line inductance
∆ I= change of current (A) ∆ T= time (us)
Load line inductance (L) can be approximated as 1uH per 1 meter of wire. (∆ I / ∆ T) is the slew rate in A/us.
GETTING STARTED
45
The diagram above shows how changes in current can affect voltage.
Limiting Load line inductance
Load line inductance can be reduced by ensuring load wires are as short as possible and by twisting positive and negative load wires together. Current change can be limited by limiting the slew rate when switching.
“Twisted pair” will be shown on any connection diagram where the load wires should be twisted together.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
46
Load module considerations
The PEL-2000 supports single and dual channel load modules.
Single channel load modules have one bank of negative terminals and one bank of positive terminals. Each terminal pair has a 40A capacity. For higher loads, each terminal can be wired in parallel to increase capacity.
Dual channel load modules have one bank of positive and negative terminals for each channel.
Single Channel Load Module
Dual Channel Load Module
L
80V DC
MAX MAX
80V DC
R
Left channel
Right channel
Connection
Follow the procedure below for all load connections.
CAUTION
Ensure that power is off from the load generator and the DUT before making any connections.
Steps
1. Carefully lift the terminal covers.
2. Connect the positive (+) terminal on the load
module to the high potential output of the DUT.
3. Connect the negative (-) load terminal to the
low potential output of the DUT.
GETTING STARTED
47
4. Close the terminal cover securely. Ensure the
wires are secured properly and that the wires are not exposed when the cover is in place.
WARNING
Ensure that the wires are tied or twisted together to prevent noise and inductance.
CAUTION
Ensure the polarity is correct before proceeding with any connections. Using the wrong polarity could result in reverse voltage damage.
DUT
Ensure the input voltage doesn’t exceed specifications. Exceeding the voltage specifications could result in damage to the instrument.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
48
Remote (Sense) Connection
Background
The electronic load modules have two voltage sense contacts: Vsense L(black), Vsense R(red). Voltage sense can be used to help compensate for long cable length. The longer the cable, the higher the potential resistance and inductance, therefore a short cable is best. Twisting the cable can help reduce induced inductance and using the Vsense terminals compensates the voltage drop seen across the load leads, especially leads with higher resistance. This is useful when used in CV or CR mode.
WARNING
VsenseR (red) must have a higher (+) potential than VsenseL (black).
Connection
The diagram below shows how a DUT can be connected using voltage sense. Note that the sense wires are also twisted pairs.
Note
The wire gauge for the sense wires should be no smaller than 16 gauge.
Input
The voltage sense terminals must use a wire gauge of 16 to 14.
GETTING STARTED
49
Remote Sense Te rminal connection
The voltage sense terminals use a screw-less clamp connector. The clamp must be opened prior to inserting a wire. Use a small screwdriver to push the clamp release mechanism. Insert both wires then release the clamp mechanism.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
50
Single Load Connections
Dual Channel Load Module Connection
A dual channel load module can be used to sink two loads concurrently.
Single Channel Load Module Connection
On a single channel load module, the left terminals are both negative (-), whilst the right terminals are both positive (+). Note this also applies to the voltage sense terminals.
CAUTION
For loads exceeding 40A, both positive and both negative terminals must be used in parallel.
GETTING STARTED
51
DC Connection
For purely DC operation, a resistor and capacitor can be connected in parallel to the electronic load to reduce oscillation. The capacitor and resistor values are dependent on the load settings. Ensure the capacitor ripple current is within allowable limits.
Low Voltage Connection
Using the load generator with low voltage loads is generally limited to over 1 volt (load module dependent). In order to support low voltage loads, an auxiliary power supply is needed to boost the voltage to a range suitable for the load generator.
Precautions: Take into account the combined power of the
load and auxiliary power supply.
Make sure the auxiliary power supply is able
to provide enough current.
Take into account any noise or irregularities
from the auxiliary supply.
The diagram below shows a typical connection.
WARNING
Using an auxiliary power supply may induce reverse current. The PEL-2000 series has reverse voltage protection. For details see the protection section on page 79.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
52
Parallel Load Connections
Parallel load modules
When the power output of a DUT exceeds the power rating of a channel or load module, the channel terminals, load modules or mainframes can be used in parallel to dissipate more power when used in CC mode. Each channel will sink the amount of current specified. The total power sunk is the sum of all channels/modules. The amount of power can vary from each channel. For example if CH1 is 25A and CH2 is 20A, then the total current sunk is 45A. Parallel loads are supported for both static and dynamic loads (see page 78 for a description on parallel dynamic loading).
Parallel load
DUT
-
+
Single Channel
Load Module
-
+
Single Channel
Load Module
-
+
Single Channel
Load Module
-
+
Single Channel
Load Module
-
+
Note
Please note that when using different load modules in parallel, the slew rates may differ. See the specifications for more details, page 253.
GETTING STARTED
53
Parallel loads using framelink connections
The PEL-2000 mainframes can also be connected in parallel. Please note, when using a frame link connection there is a delay between the master and the slave. Please see page 54 for details.
DUT
DUT
Slave
Slave
DUT
DUT
DUT
Master
Slave
Slave
Max 7kW
Multi-output power supply load
The PEL-2000 is also able to sink a number of loads concurrently from multiple DUTs or sink a number of loads from the same DUT (i.e. multiple output power supply).
Twisted
Pair
Multiple-output DUT
Twisted
Pair
Twisted
Pair
Dual channel Load Module
-
+
-
+
L
R
Twisted
Pair
Dual channel Load Module
-
+
-
+
L
R
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
54
Frame Link Connection
Background
Frame link control involves connecting multiple mainframes using the frame link connections. Up to 4 slave mainframes can be connected to the master mainframe. The first mainframe (master) can be used to control the other slave frames. There is a delay time of 2ms between the master and first slave mainframe, and 4ms, 6ms, and 8ms to the second, third, and fourth slave mainframes, respectively. The connectors used are standard MIL 20-pin connectors. For pin arrangement see page 236.
Frame Link Connection
AWG24
STRIP GAUGE
10.0mm
1
CH CONT1
1
CH CONT2
1
CH CONT3
1
CH CONT4
1
CH CONT5
1
CH CONT6
1
CH CONT7
1
CH CONT8
SER.NO. LB
2
1
FRAME CONT
GO/ NGOUTPUT
GPIB
RS232C
DISCONNECT POWERCORD BEFORE REPLACINGFUSE
50/60 Hz
180 VAMAX
AC
250V
T3.15A
REPLACEFUSE
115V 230V
FUSE RATING
ASSPECIFIED
WARNING
TOAVOID ELECTRICSHOCK THEPOWER CORDPROTECTIVE
DON OTREMOV ECOVERS. REFER SERVICING TOQUAL IFIEDPER SONNEL.
250VFUSEOF THESPECIFIEDTYPE ANDRATING.
FOR CONTINUEDFIRE PROTECTION. REPLACE FUSE ONLYWITH
NOOPERATOR SERVICEABLECOMPONENTS INSIDE.
GROUNDINGCONDUCTORMUSTBE CONNECTEDTOGROUND.
AWG24
STRIP GAUGE
10.0mm
1
CH CONT1
1
CH CONT2
1
CH CONT3
1
CH CONT4
1
CH CONT5
1
CH CONT6
1
CH CONT7
1
CH CONT8
SER.NO. LB
2
1
FRAME CONT
GO/ NGOUTPUT
GPIB
RS232C
DISCONNECT POWERCORD BEFORE REPLACINGFUSE
50/60 Hz
180 VAMAX
AC
250V
T3.15A
REPLACEFUSE
115V 230V
FUSE RATING
ASSPECIFIED
WARNING
TOAVOID ELECTRICSHOCK THEPOWER CORDPROTECTIVE
DON OTREMOV ECOVERS. REFER SERVICING TOQUAL IFIEDPER SONNEL.
250VFUSEOF THESPECIFIEDTYPE ANDRATING.
FOR CONTINUEDFIRE PROTECTION. REPLACE FUSE ONLYWITH
NOOPERATOR SERVICEABLECOMPONENTS INSIDE.
GROUNDINGCONDUCTORMUSTBE CONNECTEDTOGROUND.
AWG24
STRIP GAUGE
10.0mm
1
CH CONT1
1
CH CONT2
1
CH CONT3
1
CH CONT4
1
CH CONT5
1
CH CONT6
1
CH CONT7
1
CH CONT8
SER.NO. LB
2
1
FRAME CONT
GO/ NGOUTPUT
GPIB
RS232C
DISCONNECT POWERCORD BEFORE REPLACINGFUSE
50/60 Hz
180 VAMAX
AC
250V
T3.15A
REPLACEFUSE
115V 230V
FUSE RATING
ASSPECIFIED
WARNING
TOAVOID ELECTRICSHOCK THEPOWER CORDPROTECTIVE
DON OTREMOV ECOVERS. REFER SERVICING TOQUAL IFIEDPER SONNEL.
250VFUSEOF THESPECIFIEDTYPE ANDRATING.
FOR CONTINUEDFIRE PROTECTION. REPLACE FUSE ONLYWITH
NOOPERATOR SERVICEABLECOMPONENTS INSIDE.
GROUNDINGCONDUCTORMUSTBE CONNECTEDTOGROUND.
2
1
FRAME CONT
2
2
1
FRAME CONT
2
1
2
1
FRAME CONT
1
Output
Master
(FRM)
Output
Input
Input
Slave
(FRS)
Slave
(FRS)
GETTING STARTED
55
The first mainframe that is connected is the master frame; any additional frames are slave units. The ribbon cable connects to the master from connector 2, and the slave from connector 1. Each successive slave unit is connected in a cascading manner the same way.
Ensure the Mainframes are turned off before connecting the ribbon cables. Push the cable into the frame link connector. Ensure the arrows line up. The latches will close when the connection is complete. To remove, pull the latches out and connector will come out.
Insertion
Removal
WARNING
Ensure all the mainframes are off and disconnected from mains power before connecting.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
56
Channel Control Connection
Background
The Channel Control connecters are located on the rear panel of each mainframe. There are two channel control connectors for each load slot, one for each channel, if applicable. The channel control connector is used to externally:
Turn on/off loads.
Supply a reference voltage.
Monitor the load input.
For further details on channel control and the interface see pages 85, 235.
AWG 24
STRIP GAUGE
10.0mm
1
CH CONT1
1
CH CONT2
1
CH CONT3
1
CH CONT4
1
CH CONT5
1
CH CONT6
1
CH CONT7
1
CH CONT8
SER.NO. LB
2
1
FRAME CONT
GO/ NG OUTPUT
GPIB
RS232C
DISCONNECT POWERCORD BEFORE REPLACINGFUSE
50/60Hz
180 VAMAX
AC
250V
T3.15A
REPLACEFUSE
115V 230V
FUSE RATING
ASSPECIFIED
WARNING
TOAVOID ELECTRICSHOCK THEPOWER CORDPROTECTIVE
DONOT REMOVE COVERS.REFERSERVICING TOQUALIFIED PERSONNEL.
250VFUSE OFTHE SPECIFIEDTYPE ANDRATING.
FOR CONTINUEDFIRE PROTECTION. REPLACE FUSE ONLYW ITH
NO OPERATOR SERVICEABLE COMPONENTS INSIDE.
GROUNDINGCONDUCTORMUST BECONNECTED TO GROUND.
The Channel Control input/output pin layout is shown below.
GETTING STARTED
57
External Voltage Connection
The external voltage reference input must be between 0~10V.
WARNING
Ensure the external voltage reference is stable and has low noise. The External Voltage should be no more than 10V.
No more than 12 volts may be used as an external voltage. More than 12 volts may damage the load generator.
Load on connection
To turn a load on, an active low voltage (0-1V) must be applied across Load On (pin 5) and GND (pin 1), similarly an active high voltage (4-5V) must be applied to turn a load off. The Load On input must be TTL.
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58
Voltage and Current Monitor Output
The Voltage Monitor Output (VMON) and Current Monitor Output (IMON) output the load input voltage and load input current as a percentage of rating current/voltage. Where 0 volts = 0% rating and 10 volts = 100% load input rating voltage or current.
The voltage monitor output is across pins 1 & 3, and the current monitor output is across pins 1 &
2. Pin 6 outputs a +15V reference voltage.
Below shows the pin configuration of the voltage and current monitor outputs.
Connector Connection
The channel control connector is a screw less clamp connector. The internal clamp mechanism must be opened before a wire can be inserted. To open the internal clamp, push the button above the wire socket, to close, release the button. Ensure at least 10mm is striped from the wire. The diagram below shows the wire insertion procedure.
WARNING
All connections to the channel control connector must use a 24 AWG wire gauge.
GETTING STARTED
59
Go/NoGo Connection
Background
The Go/NoGo port is a 15 socket port. Each channel has a dedicated line for a Go/NoGo output. The ports are open-collector with active low (1.1V) indicating a pass and active high (30V) as fail (an alarm). The Go/NoGo terminal is a DB­15 female.
For more details on the Go/NoGo interface see page 239.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
60
OPERATING
DESCRIPTION
Operating Mode Description ........................................... 61
Constant Current Mode ........................ 61
Constant Resistance Mode ................... 65
Constant Voltage Mode ........................ 68
Run Program ................................................................... 71
Sequence ........................................................................ 74
Parallel Dynamic Loading ................................................ 78
Configurations Description.............................................. 79
Protection Modes ................................. 79
Operating Configurations ..................... 81
Channel Control ................................... 85
Interface and File System ................................................ 89
Interface .............................................. 89
File System .......................................... 89
File Format .......................................... 94
GETTING STARTED
61
Operating Mode Description
There are three basic operating modes: constant current (CC), Constant Resistance (CR), and Constant Voltage (CV/CV+CC). All channels operate using any of the modes. Each mode has a number of configurable options including slew rate, levels, protection modes, Go/NoGo and extensive save options.
Constant Current Mode
Background
In Constant Current Mode the load units will sink the amount of current programmed. Regardless of the voltage, the current will stay the same. There are two ranges in CC mode: High and Low. There are two main modes in CC mode: Static and Dynamic. Static mode can be used for stability tests and dynamic mode can be used to test transient load conditions.
Go/NoGo is supported for both High and Low range as well as Static and Dynamic mode.
CC Mode
Load Current
Load Input Voltage
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62
Range
There are two selectable ranges for constant current mode: high and low range.
Low range has a higher resolution, but a lower range. If the current exceeds the Low Range, High range must be used.
Static Functions
Static mode tests the stability of the voltage output from a power source. Single channel load modules can have two 2 current levels A (A Vaue) & B (B Value). A & B have the same range. Pressing the A/B key on the module load will cycle through the A and B states. Alternatively, the mainframe can select A or B Value.
Dual channel load modules only have one current level (A Value) per channel in static mode.
Static Mode: Single Channel Load module.
Dynamic Functions
Dynamic load functions allow you to set load levels (Level1, Level2), load time (Timer1, Timer2), and the slew rate (rising, falling). Depending on the settings, the load will switch automatically between levels 1 and 2.
Dynamic loading can be used for charge discharge cycle testing etc.
GETTING STARTED
63
Slew rate
The slew rate is the rate at which the current will increase to a set level. There are two slew rates: rising slew rate & falling slew rate. In CC mode the slew rate is defined as A/uS.
As can be seen above, the rising and falling slew rate need not be the same.
Go/NoGo
Using Go/NoGo, the Center, High and Low voltage limits can be set for both Static and Dynamic modes. A delay time of up to 1 second can also be set.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
64
Load
Current
Voltage
High
Go
Low
CC Mode: Static:Go/NoGo
Current
NoGoNoGo
GO is specified as between the Low and High Go/NoGo limits. NoGo is specified as outside the Go/NoGo limits.
GETTING STARTED
65
Constant Resistance Mode
Background
In Constant Resistance Mode the load units will linearly sink current and voltage to match a set resistance. CR mode has two different values (single load modules), two different ranges and rising and falling slew rates. Like CC mode, Constant resistance mode supports both dynamic and static loads. As with the other modes, Go/NoGo is supported.
CR Mode
Load Input
Voltage
Load Current
R
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
Resistance Range
There are two ranges: High and Low. The Low range is used for low voltage ranges, whilst the High range uses high voltage ranges. The current range always remains in High range, regardless of the selected voltage range.
Static Functions A/B range
For static mode, single channel load modules have two resistance levels, A & B Value. The A/B key can be used to switch between these resistance levels. Dual channel load modules only have one resistance level, A Value.
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66
Single Load Module
Dynamic Functions
CR mode supports Dynamic loading. Dynamic load has two resistance levels (Level 1&2), and two timers (Timer 1&2) to switch between the resistance levels. Rising and falling slew rates can be set to determine the speed at which the load generator switches between load levels.
Slew Rate
The rising and falling slew rate (A/uS) determines the speed at which the load levels change from A to B Value (Static mode) or from Level1 to 2 (Dynamic mode) and vice versa.
Go/NoGo
Go/NoGo is also supported. Center, High and Low limits can be set as either percentages or voltage values. A delay time of up to 1 second can also be set.
GETTING STARTED
67
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
68
Constant Voltage Mode
Background
In Constant Voltage Mode the load units will sink current whilst keeping the voltage constant.
Single channel load modules support 2 values (A Value, B Value) and have an adjustable cut-off current limit. Dual channel load modules only have A value.
Response speed can also be set to fast (Fast) or slow (Slow). The response speed relates to the slew rate of the current response.
Constant voltage mode only operates in high range.
Go/NoGo functionality is also supported either as a percentage or as a current value.
Voltage levels
Two voltage levels can be set: A & B (single channel load module).
GETTING STARTED
69
CV Mode
Voltage
Time
A value
B value
CV + CC
When using CV mode, a current limit can be set for CV + CC mode.
When the voltage input is greater than A Value (load voltage) then the channel will operate in CV mode if the input current is less than the current limit. When the input current exceeds the current limit, the channel will operate in CC mode.
When the voltage input is less than A Value (load voltage) current stops flowing.
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70
Response Speed
Response speed can be set to fast or slow. Fast response and slow response is determined by the load module specifications. Slow response speeds are suitable for large loads as quick current changes will induce induction which can cause large voltage drops. The PEL series will try to rectify any voltage drops. However if voltage drops are too large, they may cause the load generator to go into oscillation. Large voltage drops caused by line voltage induction may damage the machine.
Range Fast Slow
1kHz 100Hz
Go/NoGo
Go/NoGo testing can be with either current (Ampere) values (High, Low) or percentage values (Center, High %, Low %). A delay time of up to 1 second can also be set.
GETTING STARTED
71
Run Program
Background
The Program function on the PEL-2000 series supports a total of 12 different programs at any one time with 10 sequences to each program. Up to 12 programs can be chained together. The Program function is able to create a number of Go/NoGo tests.
Program Sequence
A program sequence is simply a single load test. A program is a battery of each of these tests run in succession. Each sequence loads the settings for each channel from Memory Data (Memory MXXX). The Memory Data stores settings such as the operating mode and range for each channel. Each sequence loads all channels at the same time, unless programmed otherwise. Sequences for each channel run synchronously.
Each Sequence has a number of configuration
options that apply to all the channels equally.
Sequence Item Parameter Range
Memory M001~M120
Run Auto – Skip – Manual
On-Time 0.1 ~ 60.0
Off-Time Off – 0.1 ~ 60.0
Short-time Off – 0.1 ~ On-time
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72
P/F-Time Off – 0.1 ~ (On-time+Off-time)-0.1
Short Channel CH1 ~ CH8
Program
Sequences are run sequentiall
y
to create a Program.
There are 10 Sequences in each Program.
If less than 10 Sequences are desired for a Program, any additional Sequences can be skipped (not run).
Sequence 2 & 3 are skipped.
Program Chain
Any of the 12 programs can be chained together to create a Program Chain. Unlike Program Sequences, Program Chains need not be run sequentially in numerical order. Any program can be chained to any program. It is possible to chain programs into an infinite loop to continue a program indefinitely.
Above, a program chain running sequences out-of­order.
GETTING STARTED
73
Go/NoGo Results
If Go/NoGo limits have been configured, the Pass/Fail results for each channel will be displayed for all the sequences and programs.
PEL-2000 Series User Manual
74
Sequence
Background
The Sequence function is used to create high resolution load simulations. Each Sequence can be configured to create a unique load profile to accurately simulate loads in real time. Sequences are only applicable for CC (Static) and CR (Static) modes.
Note: Sequences are not to be confused with the sequences used to create a program. They are not the same and cannot be used interchangeably. Sequences (SEQ memory) cannot be used in Programs and Programs cannot load Sequences.
Load Profiling
The Sequence function is able to simulate a load to a high resolution. Each channel is able to change its load sink within 100us per point independently. When used in parallel, multiple loads can be sunk concurrently to simulate the loads placed on multiple output power sources.
The diagram below shows the load profile of a DUT at start-up.
GETTING STARTED
75
Points
Up to 120 points can be used with each Sequence. Each point can have a different duration, slew rate and value.
A new point can be inserted or deleted at any stage of a Sequence. Any new points that are inserted will have a value averaged from its neighbors as default.
Point1
Point2
Point4
Point5
Point6
Point7
Point3
A new point is inserted after Point 3.
Loop
Sequences can be programmed to loop a number of times starting from any point in the sequence.
Point1
Point2
Point4
Point3
From Point3 the sequence is looped two times.
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76
On end load
If more than one Sequence is programmed on the mainframe, the On End Load function allows a Sequence to configure its load on or off at the end of its sequence until the last sequence ends. After the last sequence ends, all loads are turned off. This function is ineffective if only one Sequence is active. This is as the On End Load time and the time of the last sequence will be the same.
End of
Sequences
Trig Out
The Trigger Out function allows a trigger sequence signal to be output from a channel via PIN 4 on Frame Link connector 1 when using Sequences. The Trig Out function is used from the Channel Duration menu.
Point1
Point2
Point3
Point4
Point5
Point6
As can be seen above, a trigger sequence signal is output for every rising edge point.
GETTING STARTED
77
Channel Duration Time Setting
The Channel Duration Time Setting feature allows the point time duration of one Sequence to be imported by another Sequence. If the receiving sequence doesn’t have enough points, more will be created (without values).
For example, the sequences for CH1 and CH2 are shown below. CH1 has a total of 6 points with long durations, whilst CH2 has only 2 points, looped 5 times. The points from CH2 are also significantly shorter in duration.
Point1
Point2
Point3
Point4
Point5
Point6
Point1
Point2
Below shows the resulting sequence when CH1 imports CH2. CH1 imports the duration time settings and number of points from CH2, but not the value data.
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Parallel Dynamic Loading
Background
The PEL-2000 series of DC electronic loads support parallel dynamic loading. This simply means that when the load modules of a mainframe are connected in parallel and set to dynamic mode, they can perform dynamic tests synchronously following the same clock. Under dynamic mode, load current or resistance is pulsed between two preset levels. When used in parallel, higher powered outputs can be tested. This ability gives the PEL-2000 series the flexibility to perform dynamic tests over a wide range or power outputs.
For connection details see the Parallel Load Connections section on page 52.
The diagram below shows how two load modules are able to sink a higher load when used in parallel under dynamic mode.
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Configurations Description
There are a number of different configurations for the PEL series including protection modes, operating configurations, and file system configurations. The Configuration Description section describes what the different configurations are used for and how they can be relevant to different operations.
Protection Modes
Background
The PEL 2000 series include a number of protection modes: Over Current Protection, Over Voltage Protection and Over Power Protection.
The protection modes are useful to protect both the load modules and the DUT(s). A buzzer can be set to notify when a protection setting has been tripped. When a protection feature is activated and has been tripped then the load unit will display an alarm. The Mainframe will also display an alarm. When an alarm has been tripped the load will stop sinking current/voltage. There are three Over load protection settings: ON, OFF and Clear.
03/02/09
10 : 30
CC
Dyna
High
Configure
Previous
Menu
Protection
Go-NoGo
CH1
Other
Alarm
Conf
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Over Current Protection
When a load unit is operating in CR or CV mode, the unit may need over current protection to prevent excessive current being sunk. Over current protection stops the load from sinking more current than its recommended limit which can cause damage to the unit.
CV Mode: OCP
V
I
OCP level
CR Mode: OCP
V
I
R
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
OCP level
Over Voltage Protection
Over voltage protection is used to limit the amount of voltage sunk. If the OVP trips, the PEL series load will stop sinking voltage.
CC Mode: OVP
Load Current
Load Input Voltage
Over Power Protection
Over power protection is used when the power range exceeds the specifications of the load. When OPP is tripped power will cease to be sunk.
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Reverse voltage Protection
Reverse voltage protection prevents reverse voltage damage to the PEL-2000 series up to the specified rating. When Reverse voltage protection has been tripped an alarm tone will sound until the reverse voltage is removed.
For more details please see the specifications.
Under voltage Protection
Under voltage protection will turn off the load when the voltage drops below a set limit.
Operating Configurations
Background
There are number of operating configuration settings. Configuration settings are for the following:
CC Vrange, Von Voltage, Von Latch, Short Key, CH Cont, Independent load sync, D-time and Step resolution settings.
CC Vrange
CC Vrange (page 165) is used to set the voltage range as High or Low for CC mode. CC voltage range is dependent on the load module specifications.
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Von Voltage
Von Voltage is the voltage limit at which the load will start to sink current. There are two operation modes for Von Voltage: Von latched:ON and Von latched:OFF.
Latched: ON will sink current when Von has been tripped, and will continue to sink current even if the voltage drops below the Von Voltage.
Von Latched: OFF will sink current when Von has been tripped, but will stop sinking current when the voltage drops below the Von Voltage setting.
As can be seen in the diagram below, when Von-Latch is set to off, the load module will start to sink current when the Von-voltage limit has been tripped. It will stop sinking current when the output drops below the Von voltage limit.
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Short
When short mode is on, the load unit can simulate a short circuit.
Shorting can be individually set for each channel when programming sequences.
To initiate a short circuit manually, the short key is used. It can be used at any time during an operation. It will not affect the settings. After a short circuit has finished, the load unit will resume the previous operation.
The short key can be set to toggle or hold. When pressed in toggle mode, shorts are toggled on and off. When pressed in hold mode, the key needs to be held to short the load.
Note
A short circuit may trip a protection mode if too much current is sunk.
CH CONT
Channel Control. When Channel control is activated (External) it can be used to monitor the voltage and current output of the load as well as turn loads on or off remotely from the Channel Control (CH CONT) connectors located on the rear panel.
For more information about channel control, see external voltage control on page 85.
Independent
The Independent setting will allow the load modules to be controlled independently from the mainframe.
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Load D-Time
Load Delay time is used to delay activating a load (up to 10 seconds) after the load key has been pressed. However the Load D-Time setting will only work for loads that are initiated manually or when the PEL series mainframe is configured to Auto load (page 182) at run time.
Step Resolution
Each channel voltage, current and resistance setting can have the step resolution configured.
For example if the step resolution for CCH (CC high range) is .5 A, then the resolution can be incremented in .5A steps;
8.08.59.09.5
The step resolution parameters apply to the following:
CCH Step – CC high range CCL Step – CC low range CRH Step – CR high range CRL Step – CR low range CV Step – CV high range
Step Resolution Range
The step resolution range is dependent on the load module and the range:
Max resolution: channel range/4000 Min resolution: channel range/2
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Channel Control
Background
External channel control is used with the Channel Control connectors. Each channel control connector can activate each load, monitor voltage and current and has an external voltage reference input. The voltage and current monitors output 0~100% of the rated current/voltage as a voltage of 0~10V.
AWG 24
STRIP GAUGE
10.0mm
1
CH CONT1
1
CH CONT2
1
CH CONT3
1
CH CONT4
1
CH CONT5
1
CH CONT6
1
CH CONT7
1
CH CONT8
SER.NO. LB
2
1
FRAME CONT
GO/ NG OUTPUT
GPIB
RS232C
DISCONNECT POWER CORD BEFOREREPLACING FUSE
50/60 Hz
180 VAMAX
AC
250V
T3.15A
REPLACEFUSE
115V 230V
FUSERATING
ASSPECIFIED
WARNING
TOAVOID ELECTRICSHOCK THEPOWERCORD PROTECTIVE
DONOT REMOVECOVERS. REFERSERVICING TOQUALIFIED PERSONNEL.
250V FUSEOF THESPECIFIED TYPE ANDRATING.
FOR CONTINUEDFIRE PROTECTION. REPLACEFUSE ONLY WITH
NOOPERATOR SERVICEABLECOMPONENTS INSIDE.
GROUNDINGCONDU CTORMUST BECONNECTED TOGROUND.
External Voltage Reference
A voltage reference of 0-10V is used to represent 0­100% of the rating voltage/current of a load module. As seen below the external voltage reference and the rating voltage/current have a linear relationship. By varying the reference voltage between 0~10V the voltage/current setting will be changed accordingly.
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To determine the Percent Rating (voltage or current load input), use the following formula;

VorARating
V
VoltageExternal
InputLoad
10
Where “Rating Vor A” is the rating voltage/current of the load module.
Current Monitor
The load current input can be externally monitored using the IMON pin of a channel control connector. The IMON pin outputs a voltage of 0~10V to represent the input current of as percentage (0~100%) of rating current.
To determine the Current Monitor Output (IMON) , use the following formula;
V
ARating
currentinputLoad
IMON 10
Where “Rating A” is the rating current of the load module.
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Voltage Monitor
The input voltage, like the load input current can be externally monitored with the channel control connectors. The VMON pin of the channel control connector outputs a voltage of 0~10V to represent the load input voltage as a percentage (0~100%) of the rating voltage.
To determine the Voltage Monitor Output (VMON) , use the following formula;
V
VRating
voltageinputLoad
VMON 10
Where “Rating V” is the rating voltage of the load module.
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Turning on the Load
A load is turned on when Load On input is set to On (active low). A load is turned off when the Load On input is set to Off (active high).
When a load is turned on from the channel control interface, the load can be turned off from the mainframe, local module and via remote control. However the opposite is not true; when a load is turned off using the channel control interface, the load cannot be turned on via the mainframe, local module or via remote control.
For connections and configurations, see pages 56 and 235 respectively.
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Interface and File System
Interface
Background
The PEL series support RS232, GPIB and USB remote frame control. Only one type of connection is supported at any one time. For more information on remote control please see the GW Instek website at www.gwinstek.com
or see your local distributor about the PEL-2000 programming manual.
For connection options and configurations see the options below.
RS-232 configuration. Page 196
RS-232 pin connection. Page 233
GPIB configuration. Page 198
GPIB pin configuration. Page 234
USB configuration. Page 199
File System
Background
The PEL series is able to save and recall a number of different data types for each channel:
Presets Memory Setup SEQ (Sequence)
All data types can be saved and recalled to internal memory or saved to a USB flash drive. Each channel has its own dedicated memory for each
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data type. Thus files are saved/recalled for each channel and each data type.
Preset Data
Preset data can be saved into 10 memory slots for each channel. Preset data contains the mode, range, CV response speed and Go/NoGo settings.
Internal Format
External Format
P0~P9
20X0X_XX.P
Preset Contents Preset data contains the following data;
CHAN Mode
Range
Static/Dynamic
CV response
speed
Go/NoGo SPEC Test
High
Center
Entry Mode
Low
Memory Data
Each channel can save up to 120 different Memory data types (M001~M120) into internal memory. Memory data contains general channel settings and is used when programming sequences. Memory
data can be stored both internally and externally to USB. Preset data and Memory data store the same contents.
Internal Format
External Format
M001~M120
20X0X_XX.M
Memory Contents Memory data contains the following data;
CHAN Mode
Range
Static/Dynamic
CV response
speed
Go/NoGo SPEC Test
High
Center
Entry Mode
Low
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SEQ Data
SEQ data contains Sequence data. SEQ data can only be saved to and from USB. SEQ refers to Sequence data, not Program sequences.
Internal Format
External Format
N/A (Internal buffer)
20X0X_XX.A
SEQ Contents SEQ data contains the following data;
Seq.Edit No. (Points)
Slewrate
Duration time
Value
Slewrate
Loop Repeat
On End Load
Start of Loop
CC Vrange
Setup Data
Setup data can be saved to 4 internal memory slots. Setup data contains Memory data, Program Sequence, Chain data, configuration settings and operation settings for every channel. Setup data can be saved to Internal memory or to USB.
Internal Format
External Format
Setup Memory 1~4
200X0_XX.S
Setup Contents Setup data contains the following data;
Program PROG
Memory
On-Time
P/F-Time
Short Channel
SEQ (program
sequence no.)
Run
Off-Time
Short-Time
Chain Start
Program
Sequence (P01~P12)
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Run
Active Channel
(CH01~08)
CHAN Mode
Range
Static/Dynamic
CV response
speed
Go/NoGo SPEC Test
High
Center
Entry Mode
Low
Save: Internal memory
When saving data to internal memory, either the current channel or all the channel data can be saved. Not all data types can save the current channel or all the channel data.
Data Type Current Ch All Ch
Preset • •
Memory •
─
SEQ • (single save) •
Setup
─
•
Save: External memory
Only SEQ, Memory and Preset data can be saved for a single channel to USB. All four data types (SEQ, Memory, Setup, Preset) can save all channels to USB.
Data Type Current Ch All Ch
Preset • •
Memory • •
SEQ • •
Setup
─
•
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Save/Recall USB
In order to save data from a single channel to USB, data must first be saved to the internal memory. After data is saved to internal memory, all the files can be saved to USB.
To recall saved files, the reverse is also true. Files must be recalled from the USB flash drive to internal memory. Then from internal memory the data can be recalled to each channel*.
*Excluding SEQ data.
Save/Recall All
The SEQ, Preset, Memory or Setup data can be saved from every channel into USB. SEQ, Preset and Memory data is saved into a directory (ALL0000-ALL0099) with a file for each channel, whilst Setup data is saved in a single file.
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To recall saved files, the reverse is not true. Files must be recalled to each channel separately.
File Format
Single Channel Filename format
Memory data Preset data SEQ data
1: PEL series Load module type:
2020 = PEL-2020
2030 = PEL-2030
2040 = PEL-2040
2: Channel
R = Right
L = Left
0 = Single channel or not used
3: Save file number:
0 ~99
Incremented after each consecutive save.
4: File extension
M = Memory data
P = Preset data
A= SEQ data
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All Channel Directory Format
1: All Channel common
directory name
2: Directory number:
0000 ~ 0099
All Channel File Format
Memory data Preset data SEQ data
Setup Data
1: PEL series Load module type:
P020 = 2020
P030 = 2030
P040 = 2040
2: Channel
R = Right
L = Left
0 = Single channel
3: Channel number:
C1 = CH1
C2 = CH2
Etc.
00 = All channels (Setup data)
4: File extension
M = Memory data
P = Preset data
A= SEQ data
S= Setup data
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TUTORIALS
(Step by Step Operations)
Local loads ...................................................................... 97
Single Channel Load ........................................................ 99
Programming ................................................................. 101
Sequences ...................................................................... 103
Frame Link ..................................................................... 104
Channel Control ............................................................. 106
General Configuration Options ....................................... 108
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Local loads
Local mode operation is useful to quickly test loads using the load module control panel rather than the mainframe control panel. Local load modules can be configured to operate independently to the mainframe. This can be useful when settings need to remain unchanged on the mainframe. Note however that the local modules cannot change the modes (CC, CV, CR), only the values.
Step Description Details
1. Setup
Ensure the channel load is set up as desired.
Pages 35, 43
2. Channel selection
Ensure the correct channel or Value (A/B) is selected by using the R/L or A/B key.
Page 113
3. Measurement Mode selection
If in CC or CR mode, Static or Dynamic mode can be selected.
CC Pages 114, 126
CR Pages 129, 132
4. Run the Load
Press the LOAD key to start/end loading the device under test.
Page 115
Optional
5. Short configuration
Configure the SHORT key to hold/toggle short circuit configuration.
Page 116
6. Display
To change the display output, use the DISPLAY key.
Page 117
7. Shorting the load
To short the load, use the SHORT key when the load is on.
Page 116
8. Independent load
The local load modules can be set to independent load.
Page 171
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9. Independent control
Load module Selector knobs can be configured to be independent to the mainframe.
Page 188
10. Configure Slave Knob Settings
Display Measured or Set Values with the selector knob.
Page 192
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99
Single Channel Load
Single channel loads are used to manually test a DUT quickly or to configure channel settings for Program Sequences using the mainframe panel.
Step Description Details
1. Setup
Choose the appropriate load module and make sure it is installed.
Page 35
2. Connection
Connect the terminals to the DUT. Page 43
3. Channel selection
Select the load channel on the mainframe.
Page 119
4. Measurement mode selection
Select measurement mode (CC, CV, CR).
CC Page 122 CV Page 134 CR Page 128
5. Range selection
Set the range to high or low (CC, CR mode).
CC Page 123 CR Page 128
6. Mode selection
Choose Static or Dynamic mode (CC & CR mode only).
CC Pages 123, 126
CR Pages 129, 132
7. Dynamic levels (CC,CR)
Set the dynamic levels, slew rate and timers. Applicable to CC & CR mode only.
CC Page 124
CR Page 130
8. Static Values (CC, CV,CR)
Set the A(B) Value, slew rate (CC, CR) and current limit (CV)
CC Page 126 CR Page 132 CV Page 135
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9. Go/NoGo
Set the Go/NoGo configurations, if applicable.
Page 177
10. Protection Modes
Configure the protection modes. Page 162
11. Run
Activate the load by pressing the load key.
Optional
12. Configuration
There are number of configurations that apply to all channels. For details see the Configuration Tutorial.
Page 108
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