GW Instek AFG-3000 User Manual

Download

Arbitrary Function Generator

AFG-3000 Series

USER MANUAL

GW INSTEK PART NO. 82FG-30820E01

ISO-9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER

October 2010 edition

This manual contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this manual may be photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without prior written consent of Good Will Corporation.

The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing. However, Good Will continues to improve its products and therefore reserves the right to change the specifications, equipment, and maintenance procedures at any time without notice.

Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd. No. 7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng City, Taipei County 236, Taiwan.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .................................. 6

GETTING STARTED ........................................ 11

Main Features ................................................................... 11

Panel Overview .................................................................. 13

Setting up the Function Generator .................................... 19

QUICK REFERENCE ....................................... 21

How to use the Digital Inputs ........................................... 23

How to use the Help Menu ............................................... 24

Selecting a Waveform ........................................................ 26

Modulation ........................................................................ 28

Sweep ................................................................................ 32

Burst ................................................................................. 33

ARB ................................................................................... 35

Utility Menu ...................................................................... 39

Menu Tree ......................................................................... 42

Default Settings ................................................................ 53

OPERATION ................................................... 55

Select a Waveform ............................................................. 56

MODULATION ............................................... 65

Amplitude Modulation (AM) ............................................. 67

Frequency Modulation (FM) .............................................. 75

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation .......................... 83

Pulse Width Modulation .................................................... 90

Frequency Sweep ............................................................... 97

Burst Mode ..................................................................... 108

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

SECONDARY SYSTEM FUNCTION SETTINGS

..................................................................... 121

Save and Recall ............................................................... 122

Selecting the Remote Interface ........................................ 125

System and Settings ........................................................ 129

ARBITRARY WAVEFORMS ............................ 137

Inserting Built-In Waveforms ........................................... 138

Display an Arbitrary Waveform ........................................ 151

Editing an Arbitrary Waveform ......................................... 158

Output an Arbitrary Waveform ......................................... 168

Saving/Loading an Arbitrary Waveform ............................ 174

REMOTE INTERFACE ................................... 182

Establishing a Remote Connection .................................. 183

Command Syntax ............................................................. 188

Command List ................................................................. 193

System Commands .......................................................... 196

Status Register Commands .............................................. 200

Interface Configuration Commands ................................. 203

Apply Commands ............................................................ 204

Output Commands .......................................................... 211

Pulse Configuration Commands ...................................... 221

Amplitude Modulation (AM) Commands ......................... 223

AM Overview ................................................................... 223

Frequency Modulation (FM) Commands .......................... 228

FM Overview ................................................................... 228

Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Commands ........................ 233

FSK Overview .................................................................. 233

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Commands ................... 236

PWM Overview ................................................................ 236

Frequency Sweep Commands ........................................... 241

Sweep Overview .............................................................. 241

Burst Mode Commands ................................................... 251



TABLE OF CONTENTS

Burst Mode Overview ...................................................... 251

Arbitrary Waveform Commands ....................................... 262

Arbitrary Waveform Overview .......................................... 262

Save and Recall Commands ............................................. 273

Error Messages ............................................................... 275

SCPI Status Registers ...................................................... 289

APPENDIX .................................................... 295

Fuse Replacement ........................................................... 295

AFG-3000 Series Specifications ....................................... 296

EC Declaration of Conformity .......................................... 302

INDEX .......................................................... 303

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

This chapter contains important safety instructions that should be followed when operating and storing the function generator. Read the following before any operation to ensure your safety and to keep the function generator in the best condition.

Safety Symbols

These safety symbols may appear in this manual or on the instrument.

WARNING

CAUTION

Warning: Identifies conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.

Caution: Identifies conditions or practices that could result in damage to the function generator or to other objects or property.

DANGER High Voltage

Attention: Refer to the Manual

Protective Conductor Terminal

Earth (Ground) Terminal

DANGER Hot Surface

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Double Insulated

Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted municipal waste. Please use a separate collection facility or contact the supplier from which this instrument was purchased.

Safety Guidelines

General Guideline

CAUTION

Power Supply

WARNING

 Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.  Do not place flammable objects on the

 Avoid severe impact or rough handling that

 Avoid discharges of static electricity on or near

 Use only mating connectors, not bare wires, for

 The instrument should only be disassembled by

(Measurement categories) EN 61010-1:2001 specifies the measurement categories and their requirements as follows. The AFG-3000 falls under category II.

 Measurement category IV is for measurement performed at the

 Measurement category III is for measurement performed in a

 Measurement category II is for measurement performed on

 Measurement category I is for measurements performed on

 AC Input voltage: 100 ~ 240V AC, 50 ~ 60Hz.  Connect the protective grounding conductor of

instrument.

may damage the function generator.

the function generator.

the terminals.

a qualified technician.

source of a low-voltage installation.

building installation.

circuits directly connected to a low voltage installation.

circuits not directly connected to Mains.

the AC power cord to an earth ground to prevent electric shock.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Fuse

WARNING

Cleaning the function generator

Operation Environment

 Fuse type: T0.63A/250V.  Only qualified technicians should replace the

fuse.

 To ensure fire protection, replace the fuse only

with the specified type and rating.

 Disconnect the power cord and all test leads

before replacing the fuse.

 Make sure the cause of fuse blowout is fixed

before replacing the fuse.

 Disconnect the power cord before cleaning the

function generator.

 Use a soft cloth dampened in a solution of mild

detergent and water. Do not spray any liquid into the function generator.

 Do not use chemicals containing harsh products

such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and acetone.

 Location: Indoor, no direct sunlight, dust free,

almost non-conductive pollution (Note below) and avoid strong magnetic fields.

 Relative Humidity: < 80%  Altitude: < 2000m  Temperature: 0°C to 40°C

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Storage environment

Disposal

(Pollution Degree) EN 61010-1:2001 specifies pollution degrees and their requirements as follows. The function generator falls under degree 2.

Pollution refers to “addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid, or gaseous (ionized gases), that may produce a reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity”.

 Pollution degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive

pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence.

 Pollution degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution

occurs. Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected.

 Pollution degree 3: Conductive pollution occurs, or dry, non-

conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to condensation which is expected. In such conditions, equipment is normally protected against exposure to direct sunlight, precipitation, and full wind pressure, but neither temperature nor humidity is controlled.

 Location: Indoor  Relative Humidity: < 70%  Temperature: -10°C to 70°C

Do not dispose this instrument as unsorted municipal waste. Please use a separate collection facility or contact the supplier from which this instrument was purchased. Please make sure discarded electrical waste is properly recycled to reduce environmental impact.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Power cord for the United Kingdom

When using the function generator in the United Kingdom, make sure the power cord meets the following safety instructions.

NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by competent persons

WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED IMPORTANT: The wires in this lead are coloured in accordance with the following code: Green/ Yellow: Earth Blue: Neutral Brown: Live (Phase)

As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond with the coloured marking identified in your plug/appliance, proceed as follows:

The wire which is coloured Green & Yellow must be connected to the Earth terminal marked with either the letter E, the earth symbol

Green/Green & Yellow. The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal which is

marked with the letter N or coloured Blue or Black. The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal

marked with the letter L or P or coloured Brown or Red. If in doubt, consult the instructions provided with the equipment or contact

the supplier. This cable/appliance should be protected by a suitably rated and approved

HBC mains fuse: refer to the rating information on the equipment and/or user instructions for details. As a guide, a cable of 0.75mm protected by a 3A or 5A fuse. Larger conductors would normally require 13A types, depending on the connection method used.

Any exposed wiring from a cable, plug or connection that is engaged in a live socket is extremely hazardous. If a cable or plug is deemed hazardous, turn off the mains power and remove the cable, any fuses and fuse assemblies. All hazardous wiring must be immediately destroyed and replaced in accordance to the above standard.

or coloured

should be

GETTING STARTED

The Getting started chapter introduces the function generator’s main features, appearance, set up procedure and power-up.

Main Features

Model name Frequency bandwidth

AFG-3081 80MHz

AFG-3051 50MHz

Performance

 DDS Function Generator series  1μHz high frequency resolution maintained at

full range

 1ppm frequency stability  Full Function Arbitrary Waveform Capability

200 MSa/s sample rate 100 MSa/s repetition rate 1 M-point waveform length 16-bit amplitude resolution Ten 1M waveform memories True waveform output to display User define output section User defined marker output section D W R (Direct Waveform Reconstruction)

capability Waveform editing capability sans PC N Cycle and Infinite output mode selectable

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

 -60dBc low distortion sine wave

Features

Interface

 Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, Sinc standard

waveforms

 Internal and external LIN/LOG sweep with

marker output

 Int/Ext AM, FM, PWM, FSK modulation  Modulation/sweep signal output  Burst function with internal and external

triggers without marker output

 Store/recall 10 groups of setting memories  Output overload protection

 GPIB, RS232, USB standard interfaces  4.3 inch Color TFT LCD (480 × 272) Graphical

User Interface.

 AWES (Arbitrary Waveform Editing Software)

PC software

GETTING STARTED

Panel Overview

Front Panel

LCD display

TFT color LCD display, 480 x 272 resolution.

Function keys: F1~F6

Operation keys

Activates the functions which appear in the bottom of the LCD display.

Waveform is used to select a waveform type.

The FREQ/Rate key is used to set the frequency or sample rate

AMPL sets the waveform amplitude.

Sets the DC offset.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Preset

Output key

The UTIL key is used to access the save and recall options, set the remote interface (USB, GPIB, RS232), use DSO link, update and view the firmware version, access the calibration options, output impedance settings, set the language and access the help menu.

ARB is used to set the arbitrary waveform parameters.

The MOD, Sweep and Burst keys are used to set the modulation, sweep and burst settings and parameters.

The preset key is used to recall a preset state.

The Output key is used to turn on or off the waveform output.

Output indicators

When an Output indicator is green, it indicates that the output is active.

GETTING STARTED

USB host connector

Output terminals

Standby key

Selection keys

Scroll Wheel

The USB Host connector is used to save and restore waveform data and images, as well as update the firmware.

Modulation output terminal.

The SYNC output terminal. 50Ω output impedance.

The primary output terminal. 50Ω output impedance.

The standby key is used to turn the function generator on (green) or to put the function generator into standby mode (red).

Used to select digits when editing parameters.

The scroll wheel is used to edit values and parameters.

Keypad

Decrease The digital keypad is used to

Increase

enter values and parameters. The keypad is often used in conjunction with the selection keys and variable knob.

Rear Panel

Trigger input

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

External trigger input. Used to receive external trigger signals.

MARK output

Mark output signal. Used for Sweep and ARB mode only.

Fan

Power Socket Input and fuse

Power input: 100~240V AC 50~60Hz. Fuse: T0.63A/250V For the fuse replacement procedure,

see page 295.

Power Switch

USB port

Main power switch.

The Mini-B type USB connector is used to connect the function generator to a PC for remote control.

GETTING STARTED

RS232 port

GPIB

Trigger output

MOD input

9 pin female RS232 socket used for PC remote control.

24 pin female GPIB connector for PC remote control.

Trigger output terminal.

Modulation input terminal.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Display

Parameter Windows

Status Tabs Shows the status of MOD, Sweep and Burst modes.

The Parameter display and edit window.

Waveform Disp l a y

The Waveform Display is used to output the waveform on the display.

Soft Menu Keys

The function keys (F1~F6) below the Soft Menu keys correspond to the soft keys.

GETTING STARTED

Setting up the Function Generator

Background

This section describes how adjust the handle and power up the function generator.

Adjusting the stand

Pull out the handle sideways and rotate it.

Place AFG horizontally,

Or tilt stand.

Place the handle vertically to hand carry.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Power Up

1. Connect the power cord to the socket on the rear panel.

2. Turn on the power switch on the rear panel.

3. Press and hold the Standby key on the front panel to turn the machine on. The

Standb standby key will change from red (standby) to green (on).

4. When the standby key turns green, the instrument will turn on showing a loading screen.

The function generator in now ready to be used.

QUICK REFERENCE

This chapter lists operation shortcuts, built-in help coverage, and default factory settings. Use this chapter as a handy reference for instrument functions. This chapter is to be used as a quick reference, for detailed explanations on parameters, settings and limitations, please see the operation chapter (page 55) or specifications (page

296).

How to use the Digital Inputs ........................................... 23

How to use the Help Menu ............................................... 24

Selecting a Waveform ........................................................ 26

Square Wave ......................................................................... 26

Triangle Wave ....................................................................... 26

Sine Wave ............................................................................. 27

Modulation ........................................................................ 28

AM ........................................................................................ 28

FM ........................................................................................ 29

FSK Modulation.................................................................... 30

PWM Modulation ................................................................. 31

Sweep ................................................................................ 32

Burst ................................................................................. 33

ARB ................................................................................... 35

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform .............................................. 35

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform - Pulse .................................. 35

ARB - Add Point .................................................................... 36

ARB - Add Line ..................................................................... 36

ARB – Output Section .......................................................... 37

ARB – Output N Cycle .......................................................... 37

ARB – Output Infinite Cycles ............................................... 38

ARB – Output Markers ......................................................... 39

Utility Menu ...................................................................... 39

Save ...................................................................................... 39

Recall .................................................................................... 40

Interface GPIB ...................................................................... 40

Interface RS232 .................................................................... 41

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Interface USB ....................................................................... 41

Menu Tree ......................................................................... 42

Waveform ............................................................................. 43

ARB-Display .......................................................................... 43

ARB-Edit ............................................................................... 44

ARB-Built in .......................................................................... 45

ARB- Built in- More .............................................................. 46

ARB-Save .............................................................................. 47

ARB-Load .............................................................................. 47 

ARB-Output .......................................................................... 48

MOD .................................................................................... 49

Sweep ................................................................................... 49

Sweep - More ....................................................................... 50

Burst – N Cycle .................................................................... 51

Burst - Gate .......................................................................... 51

UTIL ...................................................................................... 52

UTIL - Interface .................................................................... 52

Default Settings ................................................................. 53

QUICK REFERENCE

How to use the Digital Inputs

Background

The AFG-3000 has three main types of digital inputs: the number pad, selection keys and scroll wheel. The following instructions will show you how to use the digital inputs to edit parameters.

1. To select a menu item, press the corresponding function keys below (F1~F6). For example the function key F1 corresponds to the Soft key “Sine”.

2. To edit a digital value, use the selector key to move the cursor to the digit that needs to be edited.

3. Use the scroll wheel to edit the digit under the cursor. Clockwise increases the value, counterclockwise decreases the value.

4. Alternatively, the number pad can be used to set the value of a highlighted parameter.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

How to use the Help Menu

Background

Every key and function has a detailed description in the help menu.

1. Press UTIL.

2. Press System (F5).

3. Press Help (F3).

4. Use the scroll wheel to navigate to a help item. Press Select to choose the item.

Keypad

Create Arbitrary Waveform

Modulation Function

Sweep Function Provides help on the Sweep

Provides help on any front panel key that is pressed.

Provides help on creating arbitrary waveforms.

Explains how to create Modulated waveforms.

function.

QUICK REFERENCE

Burst Function Provides help on the Burst

function.

DSO Link Provides help on DSO link.

Hardcopy Explains how to use the

Hardcopy function.

5. For example select item 4 to see help on the sweep function.

6. Use the scroll wheel to navigate to each help page.

7. Press F6 to return to the previous menus.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Selecting a Waveform

Square Wave

Example: Square Wave, 3Vpp, 75%Duty, 1 kHz

Output

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform key and select Square (F2).

2. Press Duty(F1), followed by 7 + 5 + %(F5)

3. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 1 + kHz (F5).

4. Press the AMPL key, followed by 3 + VPP (F6).

5. Press the output key.

Triangle Wave

Example: Triangle Wave, 5Vpp,10kHz

Output

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform key and select Triangle (F3).

2. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 1 + 0 + kHz (F5).

QUICK REFERENCE

3. Press the AMPL key, followed by 5 +VPP (F6).

4. Press the output key.

Sine Wave

Example: Sine Wave, 10Vpp,100kHz

Output

Input: N/A

1. Press the Waveform key and select Sine (F1).

2. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 1 + 0 +0 + kHz (F5).

3. Press the AMPL key, followed by 1 + 0 +VPP (F6).

4. Press the output key.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Modulation

Example: AM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave. 1kHz Sine wave carrier. 80% modulation depth.

Output

Input: N/A

1. Press the MOD key and select AM (F1).

2. Press Waveform and select Sine (F1).

3. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 1 + kHz (F5).

4. Press the MOD key, select AM (F1), Shape (F4), Square (F2).

5. Press the MOD key, select AM (F1), AM Freq (F3).

6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz (F2).

7. Press the MOD key, select AM (F1), Depth (F2).

8. Press 8 + 0 + % (F1).

QUICK REFERENCE

9. Press MOD, AM (F1), Source (F1), INT (F1).

10. Press the output key.

Example: FM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave. 1kHz Sine wave carrier. 100 Hz frequency deviation. Internal Source.

Output

Input: N/A

1. Press the MOD key and select FM (F2).

2. Press Waveform and select Sine (F1).

3. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 1 + kHz (F5).

4. Press the MOD key, select FM (F2), Shape (F4), Square (F2).

5. Press the MOD key, select FM (F2), FM Freq (F3).

6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz (F2).

7. Press the MOD key, select FM (F2), Freq Dev (F2).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

8. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz (F3).

9. Press MOD, FM (F2), Source (F1), INT (F1).

10. Press the output key.

FSK Modulation

Example: FSK modulation. 100Hz Hop frequency. 1kHz Carrier wave. Triangle wave. 10 Hz Rate. Internal Source.

Output

Input: N/A

1. Press the MOD key and select FSK (F3).

2. Press Waveform and select Triangle (F3).

3. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 1 + kHz (F5).

4. Press the MOD key, select FSK (F3), FSK Rate (F3).

5. Press 1 + 0 + Hz (F2).

6. Press the MOD key, select FSK (F3), Hop Freq (F2).

QUICK REFERENCE

7. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz (F3).

8. Press MOD, FSK (F3), Source (F1), INT (F1).

9. Press the output key.

PWM Modulation

Example: PWM modulation. 800Hz Carrier wave. 15 kHz modulating sine wave. 50% Duty Cycle. Internal Source.

Output

1. Press Waveform and select Square (F2).

2. Press the MOD key and select PWM (F4).

Input: N/A

3. Press the Freq/Rate key, followed by 8 + 0 + 0 + Hz (F4).

4. Press the MOD key, select PWM (F4), Shape (F4), Sine (F1).

5. Press the MOD key, PWM (F4), PWM Freq (F3).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

6. Press 1 + 5 + kHz (F3).

7. Press MOD, PWM (F4), Duty (F2).

8. Press 5 + 0 + % (F1).

9. Press MOD, PWM (F4), Source (F1), INT (F1).

10. Press the output key.

Sweep

Example: Frequency Sweep. Start Frequency 10mHz, Stop frequency 1MHz. Log sweep, 1 second sweep, Marker Frequency 550 Hz, Manual Trigger, Trigger out, rising edge.

Output

1. Press Sweep, Start (F3).

2. Press 1 + 0 + mHz

Input: N/A

(F2).

3. Press Sweep, Stop (F4).

4. Press 1 + MHz (F5).

5. Press Sweep, Type (F2), Log (F2).

QUICK REFERENCE

6. Press Sweep, SWP Time (F5).

7. Press 1 + SEC (F2).

8. Press Sweep, More (F6), Marker (F3), ON/OFF (F2), Freq (F1).

9. Press 5 + 5 + 0 + Hz (F3)

10. Press Sweep, More (F6), TRIG out (F4), ON/OFF (F3), Rise (F1).

11. Press the output key.

12. Press Sweep, Source (F1), Manual (F3), Trigger (F1).

Burst

Example: Burst Mode, N-Cycle (Internally triggered), 1kHz burst frequency, Burst count = 5, 10 ms Burst period, 0˚ burst phase, Internal trigger, 10 us delay, rising edge trigger out

Output

1. Press FREQ/Rate 1 kHz (F5).

2. Press Burst, N Cycle (F1), Cycles (F1).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Input: N/A

3. Press 5 + Cyc (F5).

4. Press Burst, N Cycle (F1), Period (F4).

5. Press 1 +0 + msec (F2).

6. Press Burst, N Cycle (F1), Phase (F3).

7. Press 0 + Degree (F5).

8. Press Burst, N Cycle (F1), TRIG Setup (F5), INT (F1).

9. Press Burst, N Cycle (F1), TRIG Setup (F5), Delay (F4).

10. Press 1 + 0 + uSEC (F2).

11. Press Burst, N Cycle (F1), TRIG Setup (F5), TRIG out (F5), ON/OFF (F3), Rise (F1).

12. Press the output key.

QUICK REFERENCE

ARB

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform

Example: ARB Mode, Exponential Rise. Start 0, Length 100, Scale

32767.

Output

1. Press ARB, Built in (F3), More (F5), Exp Rise (F1).

2. Press Start (F1), 0 + Enter (F5), Return (F6).

3. Press Length (F2), 100, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

4. Press Scale (F3), 32767, Enter (F5), Return (F6), Done (F4).

ARB – Add Built-In Waveform - Pulse

Example: ARB Mode, Pulse. Start 0, Frequency 1kHz, Duty 25%.

Output

5. Press ARB, Built in (F3), More (F5), Exp Rise (F1).

6. Press Freq.(F1),1, kHz (F5), Return (F6).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

7. Press Duty (F2), 25, %(F5), Return (F6).

8. Press Scale (F3), 32767, Enter (F5), Return (F6), Done (F4).

ARB - Add Point

Example: ARB Mode, Add point, Address 40, data 30,000.

Output

1. Press ARB, Edit (F2), Point (F1), Address (F1).

2. Press 4 + 0 + Enter (F5), Return (F6).

3. Press Data (F2), 3+0+0+0+0, Enter (F5).

ARB - Add Line

Example: ARB Mode, Add line, Address:Data (10:30, 50:100)

Output

1. Press ARB, Edit (F2), Line (F2), Start ADD (F1).

2. Press 1 + 0 + Enter (F5), Return (F6).

QUICK REFERENCE

3. Press Start Data (F2), 3 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

4. Press Stop ADD (F3), 5 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

5. Press Stop Data (F4), 1 + 0 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6), Done (F5).

ARB – Output Section

Example: ARB Mode, Output ARB Waveform, Start 0, Length 1000.

Output

1. Press ARB, Output (F6).

2. Press Start (F1), 0 + Enter (F5), Return (F6).

3. Press Length (F2), 1 + 0 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

ARB – Output N Cycle

Example: ARB Mode, Output N Cycle, Start 0, Length 1000, N Cycle

10.

Output

1. Press ARB, Output (F6).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

2. Press Start (F1), 0 + Enter (F5), Return (F6).

3. Press Length (F2), 1 + 0 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

4. Press N Cycle (F4).

5. Press Cycles (F1), 1 + 0.

6. To trigger the output once, press Trigger (F5).

ARB – Output Infinite Cycles

Example: ARB Mode, Output N Cycle, Start 0, Length 1000, Cycles Infinite.

Output

1. Press ARB, Output (F6).

2. Press Start (F1), 0 + Enter (F5), Return (F6).

3. Press Length (F2), 1 + 0 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

4. Press Infinite (F5), Return (F6).

QUICK REFERENCE

ARB – Output Markers

Example: ARB Mode, Output Markers, Start 0, Length 80.

Output

1. Press ARB, Output (F6), Marker (F3).

2. Press Start (F1), 3+0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

3. Press Length (F2), 8 + 0, Enter (F5), Return (F6).

Utility Menu

Save

Example: Save to Memory file #5.

1. Press UTIL, Memory (F1), Store (F1).

2. Choose a file using the scroll wheel and Select (F1), press Done (F5).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Recall

Example: Recall Memory file #5.

1. Press UTIL, Memory (F1), Recall (F2).

2. Choose a file using the scroll wheel and Select (F1), press Done (F5).

Interface GPIB

Example: GPIB interface, Address 10.

GPIB

1. Press UTIL, Interface (F2), GPIB (F1), Address (F1).

2. Press 1 + 0 + Done (F5).

QUICK REFERENCE

Interface RS232

Example: RS232 interface, Baud 115200, Parity None, Bits 8.

RS232

1. Press UTIL, Interface (F2), RS232 (F2).

2. Press Baud Rate (F1), 115k (F5).

3. Press UTIL, Interface (F2), RS232 (F2).

4. Press Parity/Bits (F2), None/8Bits (F1).

Interface USB

Example: USB interface.

1. Press UTIL,

USB B

Interface (F2), USB (F3).

Menu Tree

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Convention

Use the menu trees as a handy reference for the function generator functions and properties. The AFG3000 menu system is arranged in a hierarchical tree. Each hierarchical level can be navigated with the operation or soft menu keys. Pressing the Return soft key will return you to the previous menu level.

For example: To set the parity to Even/7Bits; (1)Press the UTIL key.

(2)The Interface softkey. (3) RS232. (4) Parity/Bits (5) Even/7Bits.

Baud Rate

9600

19.2K

38.4K

57.6K 115K

Return

Parity/Bits

None/8Bits

Odd/7Bits

Even/7Bits

Return

Interface

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

GPIB RS-232 USB Return

Address

Clear Done

Return

QUICK REFERENCE

Waveform

Sine Square Triangle Pulse Ramp Noise

Duty

Return

Width nSEC uSEC

SYM

Return

mSEC

SEC

Return

ARB-Display

Display

Horizon Vertical Next Page Back Page Overview Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Center

Clear Enter

Return

Zoom in

Zoom out

Return

Low

Clear Enter

Return

High

Clear Enter

Return

Center

Clear Enter

Return

Zoom in

Zoom out

Return

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

ARB-Edit

Edit

Point Line Copy Clear Protect Return

Address

Clear Enter

Return

Data

Clear Enter

Return

Start ADD

Clear Enter

Return

Start Data

Clear Enter

Return

Stop ADD

Clear Enter

Return

Stop Data

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Paste To

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Done

All

Done

Return

All

Done

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Unprotect

Done

Return

QUICK REFERENCE

ARB-Built in

Built in

Sine Square Ramp Sinc More Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Scale

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Scale

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Scale

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Scale

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Go to ARB

Built in -

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

ARB- Built in- More

Built in

Exp Rise Exp Fall DC Pulse

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Scale

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Scale

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Data

Clear Enter

Return

Done

Return

Freq

nHz uHz

mHz

kHz

Return

Duty

Return

Done

Return

ARB-Save

ARB-Load

QUICK REFERENCE

ARB-Output

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Output

Start Length Marker N Cycle

Clear Enter

Return

Clear Enter

Return

Start

Clear Enter

Return

Length

Clear Enter

Return

Cycles

Clear Enter

Return

Trigger

Return

Infinite Return

QUICK REFERENCE

MOD

AM FM FSK PWM

Source

Int

EXT

Return

Depth

Return

AM Freq

mHz

kHz

Return

Shape

Sine

Square

Triangle UpRamp DnRamp

Return

Sweep

Source

Int

EXT

Return

Freq Dev

uHz mHz

Hz kHz MHz

Return

FM Freq

mHz

Hz kHz

Return

Shape

Sine

Square

Triangle UpRamp DnRamp

Return

Source

Int

EXT

Return

Hop Freq

uHz

mHz

kHz

MHz

Return

FSK Rate

mHz

kHz

MHz

Return

Source

Int

EXT

Return

Duty

Return

PWM Freq

mHz

kHz

Return

Shape

Sine

Square Triangle UpRamp DnRamp

Return

Source Type Start Stop SWP Time More

Int

EXT

Manual

Trigger

Return

Linear

Log

Return

uHz

mHz

kHz

MHz

Return

uHz

mHz

kHz

MHz

Return

mSEC

SEC

Return

Go to the

Sweep -

More menu

Sweep - More

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Burst – N Cycle

QUICK REFERENCE

N Cycle

Cycles Infinite Phase Period

Clear

Cyc

Return

Clear

Degree

Return

Burst - Gate

Gate

uSEC mSEC

SEC

Return

TRIG Setup Return

Int

EXT

Rise

Fall

Return

Manual

Trigger Return

Delay

nSEC uSEC

mSEC

SEC

Return

TRIG out

Rise

Fall

ON/OFF

Return

Polarity Phase Return

Pos Neg

Return

Clear

Degree

Return

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

UTIL

Memory Interface Cal. Load System DSO-Link

Store

Select

Done

Return

Recall

Select

Done

Return

Go to the

UTIL –

Interface

Self Test Software

Version

Upgrade

Return

Delete

Select

Done

Return

Delete All

Done

Return

UTIL - Interface

Interface

GPIB RS-232 USB Return

Address

Clear Done

Return

Baud Rate

9600

19.2K

38.4K

57.6K 115K

Return

Parity/Bits

None/8Bits

Odd/7Bits

Even/7Bits

Return

50 OHM

High Z Return

Hardcopy Language

中文

English Return

Help

Select Return

Beep

Return

CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4

Return

QUICK REFERENCE

Default Settings

Here are the default panel settings which appear when pressing the Preset key.

Output Config.

Function Sine wave

Modulation (AM/FM/FSK)

Sweep

Frequency 1kHz Amplitude 3.000 Vpp Offset 0.00V dc Output units Vpp Output terminal 50Ω

Carrier Wave 1kHz Sine wave Modulation waveforms 100Hz Sine wave AM Depth 100% FM Deviation 100Hz FSK Hop Frequency 100Hz FSK Frequency 10Hz PWM Duty 50% PWM Frequency 20kHz Modem Status Off

Start/Stop frequency 100Hz/1kHz Sweep time 1s Sweep type Linear Sweep status Off

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Burst

System settings

Trigger

Interface config.

Burst Frequency 1kHz Ncycle 1 Burst period 10ms Burst starting phase 0˚ Burst status Off

Power off signal On Display mode On Error queue cleared Memory settings No change Output Off

Trigger source Internal (immediate)

GPIB Address 10 Interface RS232 Baud rate 115200

Calibration

Parity None (8 data bits)

Calibration Menu Restricted

OPERATION

The Operation chapter shows how to output basic waveform functions. For details on modulation, sweep, burst and arbitrary waveforms, please see the Modulation and Arbitrary waveform chapters on pages 65 and 137.

Select a Waveform ............................................................. 56

Sine Wave ............................................................................. 56

Setting a Square Wave ......................................................... 57

Triangle Wave ....................................................................... 58

Setting the Pulse Width ........................................................ 59

Setting a Ramp ..................................................................... 60

Noise Wave .......................................................................... 61

Setting the Frequency ........................................................... 61 

Setting the Amplitude .......................................................... 63

Setting the DC Offset ........................................................... 64

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Select a Waveform

The AFG-3000 can output six standard waveforms: sine, square, triangle, pulse, ramp and noise waveforms.

Sine Wave

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F1 (Sine).

OPERATION

Setting a Square Wave

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F2 (Square) to create a square waveform.

3. Press F1 (Duty). The Duty parameter will be highlighted in the parameter window.

4. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the Duty range.

5. Press F5 (%) to choose % units.

Range Frequency Duty Range

≤25MHz

25MHz~≤50MHz

20%~80%

40%~60%

>50MHz~80MHz 50% (Fixed)

Triangle Wave

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F3 (Triangle).

OPERATION

Setting the Pulse Width

Panel Operation

Range Pulse Width 8ns~1999.9s

Note

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F4 (Pulse) to create a pulse waveform.

3. Press F1 (Width). The Width parameter will be highlighted in the parameter window.

4. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the pulse width.

5. Press F2~F5 choose the unit range.

Minimum Pulse Width

Freq ≤ 50MHz: 8ns pulse width

Freq ≤ 6.25 MHZ: 5% duty cycle

Resolution

Freq ≤ 50MHz: 1ns pulse width

Freq ≤ 6.25 MHZ: 1% duty cycle

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Setting a Ramp

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F5 (Ramp) to create a ramp waveform.

3. Press F1 (SYM). The SYMM parameter will be highlighted in the parameter window.

4. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the symmetry percentage.

5. Press F5 (%) to choose %

units.

Range Symmetry 0%~100%

Noise Wave

OPERATION

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F6 (Noise).

Setting the Frequency

Panel Operation

1. Press the FREQ/Rate key.

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Range Sine

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency.

4. Choose a frequency unit by pressing F2~F6.

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/50MHz(3051)

Square

Tr ia n gl e

Pulse

Ramp

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/50MHz(3051)

1μHz~1MHz

500μHz~50MHz

1μHz~1MHz

OPERATION

Setting the Amplitude

Panel Operation

1. Press the AMPL key.

2. The AMPL parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the amplitude.

4. Choose a unit type by pressing F2~F6.

50Ω load

Range 10mVpp~10Vpp 20mVpp~20Vpp

Unit Vpp, Vrms, dBm

High Z

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Setting the DC Offset

Panel Operation

1. Press the DC Offset key.

2. The DC Offset parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the DC Offset.

4. Press F5 (mVDC) or F6 (VDC) to choose a voltage range.

50Ω load

Range ±5Vpk ±10Vpk

High Z

MODULATION

The AFG-3000 Series Arbitrary Function Generators are able to produce AM, FM, FSK and PWM modulated waveforms. Depending on the type of waveform produced, different modulation parameters can be set. Only one modulation mode can be active at any one time. The function generator also will not allow sweep or burst mode to be used with AM/FM. Activating a modulation mode will turn the previous modulation mode off.

Amplitude Modulation (AM) ............................................. 67

Selecting AM Modulation .................................................... 68

AM Carrier Shape ................................................................. 68

Carrier Frequency ................................................................. 69

Modulating Wave Shape ...................................................... 70

AM Frequency ...................................................................... 71

Modulation Depth ................................................................ 72

Selecting (AM) Modulation Source ..................................... 73

Frequency Modulation (FM) .............................................. 75

Selecting Frequency Modulation (FM) ................................ 76

FM Carrier Shape ................................................................. 76

FM Carrier Frequency ........................................................... 77

FM Wave Shape.................................................................... 78

Frequency Modulation Waveform ....................................... 79

Frequency Deviation ............................................................. 80

Selecting (FM) Modulation Source ..................................... 81

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation .......................... 83

Selecting FSK Modulation .................................................... 84

FSK Carrier Shape ................................................................ 84

FSK Carrier Frequency .......................................................... 85

FSK Hop Frequency .............................................................. 86

FSK Rate. .............................................................................. 87

FSK Source ........................................................................... 88

Pulse Width Modulation .................................................... 90

Selecting Pulse Width Modulation ...................................... 91

PWM Carrier Shape .............................................................. 91

PWM Carrier Frequency ....................................................... 92

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

PWM Modulating Wave Shape ............................................ 92

Modulating Waveform Frequency ....................................... 93

Modulation Duty Cycle ........................................................ 94

PWM Source ........................................................................ 95

Frequency Sweep ............................................................... 97

Selecting Sweep Mode ......................................................... 98

Setting Start and Stop Frequency ........................................ 98

Center Frequency and Span ............................................... 100

Sweep Mode ....................................................................... 102

Sweep Time ........................................................................ 103

Marker Frequency .............................................................. 104

Sweep Trigger Source ........................................................ 105

Trigger Output ................................................................... 106

Burst Mode ..................................................................... 108

Selecting Burst Mode ......................................................... 109

Burst Modes ....................................................................... 109

Burst Frequency ................................................................. 110

Burst Cycle/Burst Count .................................................... 111

Infinite Burst Count ........................................................... 112

Burst Period ....................................................................... 113

Burst Phase ........................................................................ 115

Burst Trigger Source .......................................................... 116

Burst Delay ......................................................................... 118

Burst Trigger Output ......................................................... 119

MODULATION

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

An AM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform. The amplitude of the modulated carrier waveform depends on the amplitude of the modulating waveform. The AFG-3000 function generator can set the carrier frequency, amplitude and offset as well as internal or external modulation sources.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Selecting AM Modulation

Panel Operation

AM Carrier Shape

Background

The shape function selects the AM carrier waveform shape. Sine, square, triangle, ramp, pulse or arbitrary waveforms can be used as the carrier shape. The default waveform shape is set to sine. Noise is not available as a carrier shape. Before the carrier shape can be selected, choose AM modulation mode, see page 28 or 70.

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F1 (AM).

Select a Standard Carrier Shape

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F1~F5 to choose the carrier wave shape.

MODULATION

Select an Arbitrary Waveform Carrier Shape.

Range AM Carrier Shape sine, square, triangle, upramp,

3. See the Arbitrary waveform quick guide or chapter to use an arbitrary waveform.

dnramp, arbitrary waveform

Page 35 Page 137

Carrier Frequency

The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape selected. The default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz.

Panel Operation

1. With a carrier waveform, press the FREQ/Rate key.

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency.

Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency

4. Press F2~F6 to select the frequency range.

Sine

Square

Tr ia n gl e

Pulse

Ramp

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/ 50MHz(3051)

1μHz~1MHz

500μHz~50MHz

1μHz~1MHz

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Modulating Wave Shape

The function generator can accept internal as well as external sources. The AFG-3000 has sine, square, triangle, up ramp and down ramp modulating waveform shapes. Sine waves are the default wave shape.

Panel Operation

Note Square wave 50% Duty cycle

1. Select MOD.

2. Press F1 (AM).

3. Press F4 (Shape).

4. Press F1~F5 to select the waveform shape.

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

UpRamp 100% Symmetry

Triangle 50% Symmetry

DnRamp 0% Symmetry

MODULATION

AM Frequency

The frequency of the modulation waveform (AM Frequency) can be set from 2mHz to 20kHz.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F1 (AM).

3. Press F3 (AM Freq).

4. The AM Freq parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform display area.

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the AM frequency.

Range Modulation frequency 2mHz~20kHz

Default frequency 100Hz

6. Press F1~F3 to select the frequency range.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Modulation Depth

Modulation depth is the ratio (as a percentage) of the unmodulated carrier amplitude and the minimum amplitude deviation of the modulated waveform. In other words, modulation depth is the maximum amplitude of the modulated waveform compared to the carrier waveform as a percentage.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F1 (AM).

3. Press F2 (Depth).

4. The AM Depth parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area.

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the AM depth.

MODULATION

6. Press F1 (%) to choose % units.

Range Depth 0%~120%

Default depth 100%

Note

When the modulation depth is greater than 100%, the output cannot exceed ±5VPeak (10kΩ load).

If an external modulation source is selected, modulation depth is limited to ± 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum amplitude is +5V, and the minimum amplitude is -5V.

Selecting (AM) Modulation Source

The function generator will accept an internal or external source for AM modulation. The default source is internal.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F1 (AM).

3. Press F1 (Source).

4. To select the source, press F1 (Internal) or F2 (External).

External Source

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Note If an external modulation source is selected,

modulation depth is limited to ± 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum amplitude is +5V, and the minimum amplitude is -5V.

MODULATION

Frequency Modulation (FM)

A FM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform. The instantaneous frequency of the carrier waveform varies with the magnitude of the modulating waveform. When using the AFG-3000 function generator, only one type of modulated waveform can be created at any one time.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Selecting Frequency Modulation (FM)

When FM is selected, the modulated waveform depends on the carrier frequency, the output amplitude and offset voltage.

Panel Operation

FM Carrier Shape

Background

The Shape mode selects the FM carrier waveform shape. The default waveform shape is set to sine. Noise and Pulse waveforms cannot be used as a carrier wave.

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F2 (FM).

Panel Operation

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F1~F5 to choose the carrier wave shape. (bar F4)

MODULATION

Range Carrier Shape Sine, Square, Triangle,

Ramp.

FM Carrier Frequency

When using the AFG-3000 function generator, the carrier frequency must be equal to or greater than the frequency deviation. If the frequency deviation is set to value greater than the carrier frequency, the deviation is set to the maximum allowed. The maximum frequency of the carrier wave depends on the waveform shape chosen.

Panel Operation

Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency

1. To select the carrier frequency, press the FREQ/ Rate key.

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency.

4. Press F2~F6 to select the frequency unit.

Sine

Square

Tr ia n gl e

Ramp

Default frequency 1 kHz

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/ 50MHz(3051)

1μHz~1MHz

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

FM Wave Shape

The function generator can accept internal as well as external sources. The AFG-3000 has sine, square, triangle, positive and negative ramps (UpRamp, DnRamp) as the internal modulating waveform shapes. Sine is the default wave shape.

Panel Operation

Note Square wave 50% Duty cycle

1. Select MOD.

2. Press F2 (FM).

3. Press F4 (Shape).

4. Press F1~F5 to select the waveform shape.

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

UpRamp 100% Symmetry

Triangle 50% Symmetry

DnRamp 0% Symmetry

MODULATION

Frequency Modulation Waveform

For frequency modulation, the function generator will accept internal or external sources.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F2 (FM).

3. Press F3 (FM Freq).

4. The FM Freq parameter will become highlighted in waveform display panel.

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the FM frequency.

6. Press F1~F3 to select the frequency unit.

Range Modulation frequency 2mHz~20kHz

Default frequency 100Hz

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Frequency Deviation

The frequency deviation is the peak frequency deviation from the carrier wave and the modulated wave.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F2 (FM).

3. Press F2 (Freq Dev).

4. The Freq Dev parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display panel.

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the frequency deviation.

6. Press F1~ F5 to choose the frequency units.

MODULATION

Range Frequency Deviation DC~80MHz (3081)

DC~50MHz (3051) DC~1MHz (Triangle)

Default depth 100kHz

Selecting (FM) Modulation Source

The function generator will accept an internal or external source for FM modulation. The default source is internal.

Panel Operation

External Source

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F2 (FM).

3. Press F1 (Source).

4. To select the source, press F1 (Internal) or F2 (External).

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Note

If an external modulating source is selected, the frequency deviation is limited to the ± 5V MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel. The frequency deviation is proportional to the signal level of the modulation in voltage. For example, if the modulation in voltage is +5V, then the frequency deviation would be equal to the set frequency deviation. Lower signal levels reduce the frequency deviation while negative voltage levels produce frequency deviations with frequencies below the carrier waveform.

MODULATION

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation

Frequency Shift Keying Modulation is used to shift the frequency output of the function generator between two preset frequencies (carrier frequency, hop frequency). The frequency at which the carrier and hop frequency shift is determined by the internal rate generator or the voltage level from the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel.

Only one modulation mode can be used at once. When FSK modulation is enabled, any other modulation modes will be disabled. Sweep and Burst also cannot be used with FSK modulation. Enabling FSK will disable Sweep or Burst mode.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Selecting FSK Modulation

When using FSK mode, the output waveform uses the default settings for carrier frequency, amplitude and offset voltage.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F3 (FSK).

FSK Carrier Shape

Background

The shape function selects the FSK carrier waveform shape. The default waveform shape is set to sine. Noise waveforms cannot be used as carrier waves.

Panel Operation

Range Carrier Shape Sine, Square, Triangle,

1. Press the Waveform key.

2. Press F1~F5 to choose the carrier wave shape. (bar F4)

Ramp, Pulse

MODULATION

FSK Carrier Frequency

The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape. The default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz. The voltage level of the Trigger INPUT signal controls the output frequency when EXT is selected. When the Trigger INPUT signal is logically low the carrier frequency is output and when the signal is logically high, the hop frequency is output.

Panel Operation

Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency

1. To select the carrier frequency, press the FREQ/ Rate key.

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency.

4. Press F2~F6 to select the FSK frequency units.

Sine

Square

Tr ia n gl e

Ramp

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/ 50MHz(3051)

1μHz~1MHz

Pulse

500μHz~50MHz

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

FSK Hop Frequency

The default Hop frequency for all waveform shapes is 100 Hz. A square wave with a duty cycle of 50% is used for the internal modulation waveform. The voltage level of the Trigger INPUT signal controls the output frequency when EXT is selected. When the Trigger INPUT signal is logically low the carrier frequency is output and when the signal is logically high, the hop frequency is output.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F3 (FSK).

3. Press F2 (Hop Freq).

4. The Hop Freq parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area.

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the hop frequency.

MODULATION

6. Press F1~F5 to select the frequency range.

Range Waveform Carrier Frequency

Sine

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/ 50MHz(3051)

Square

1μHz~80MHz(3081)/ 50MHz(3051)

Tr ia n gl e

Ramp

Pulse

1μHz~1MHz

500μHz~50MHz

FSK Rate.

FSK Rate function is used to determine rate at which the output frequency changes between the carrier and hop frequencies. The FSK Rate function only applies to internal FSK sources.

Panel Operation

1. Select MOD.

2. Press F3 (FSK).

3. Press F3 (FSK Rate).

4. The FSK Rate parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Range FSK Rate 2mHz~100kHz

Note If an external source is selected, FSK Rate settings are

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the FSK rate.

6. Press F1~F5 to select the frequency unit.

Default 10Hz

ignored.

FSK Source

The AFG-3000 accepts internal and external FSK sources, with internal as the default source. When the FSK source is set to internal, the FSK rate is configured using the FSK Rate function. When an external source is selected the FSK rate is equal to the frequency of the Trigger INPUT signal on the rear panel.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F3 (FSK).

MODULATION

Note Note that the Trigger INPUT terminal cannot

3. Press F1 (Source).

4. To select the source, press F1 (Internal) or F2 (External).

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

configure edge polarity.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Pulse Width Modulation

For pulse width modulation the instantaneous voltage of the modulating waveform determines the width of the pulse waveform. Only one mode of modulation can be enabled at any one time. If PWM is enabled, any other modulation mode will be disabled. Likewise, burst and sweep modes cannot be used with PWM and will be disabled when PWM is enabled.

MODULATION

Selecting Pulse Width Modulation

When selecting PWM, the current setting of the carrier frequency, the amplitude modulation frequency, output, and offset voltage must be considered.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F2 (Square).

3. Press the MOD key.

4. Press F4 (PWM).

PWM Carrier Shape

PWM uses a square wave as the carrier shape. Other wave shapes cannot be used with PWM. If a carrier shape other than square is used with PWM, an error message will appear.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

PWM Carrier Frequency

The carrier frequency depends on the square wave. The default carrier frequency is 1kHz.

Panel Operation

1. To select the carrier frequency, press the FREQ/ Rate key.

2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted in the parameter window.

3. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the carrier frequency.

4. Press F2~F6 to select the PWM frequency unit.

PWM Modulating Wave Shape

The modulating wave shapes for internal sources include sine, square, triangle, up ramp and down ramp. The default wave shape is sine.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F4 (PWM).

3. Press F4 (Shape).

MODULATION

Range Waveform

4. Press F1~F5 to select a waveform shape.

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

Square 50% Duty cycle

UpRamp 100% Symmetry

Triangle 50% Symmetry

DnRamp 0% Symmetry

Modulating Waveform Frequency

Panel Operation

1. Select MOD.

2. Press F4 (PWM).

3. Press F3 (PWM Frequency).

4. The PWM Freq parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Range PWM Frequency 2mHz~20kHz

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the PWM frequency.

6. Press F1~F3 to select the frequency unit range.

Default 20kHz

Modulation Duty Cycle

Duty function is used to set the duty cycle as percentage.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F4 (PWM).

3. Press F2 (Duty).

4. The Duty parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area.

MODULATION

Range Duty cycle 0% ~ 100%

Note Pulse waveforms can be modulated with an external

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the Duty cycle.

6. Press F1 (%) to select percentage units.

Default 50%

source using the external source function. When using an external source the pulse width is controlled by the ± 5V MOD INPUT terminal.

PWM Source

The AFG-3000 accepts internal and external PWM sources. Internal is the default source for PWM sources.

Panel Operation

1. Press the MOD key.

2. Press F4 (PWM).

3. Press F1 (Source).

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

External Source

Note If an external modulation source is selected, pulse

4. To select the source, press F1 (Internal) or F2 (External).

5. Press F6 (Return) to return to the menu.

Use the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel when using an external source.

width modulation is controlled by the ± 5V from the MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum pulse width occurs at +5V, and the minimum pulse width at -5V.

MODULATION

Frequency Sweep

The function generator can perform a sweep for sine, square or ramp waveforms, but not noise, and pulse. When Sweep mode is enabled, Burst or any other modulation modes will be disabled. When sweep is enabled, burst mode is automatically disabled.

In Sweep mode the function generator will sweep from a start frequency to a stop frequency over a number of designated steps. If manual or external sources are used, the function generator can be used to output a single sweep. The step spacing of the sweep can linear or logarithmic. The function generator can also sweep up or sweep down in frequency.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Selecting Sweep Mode

The Sweep button is used to output a sweep. If no settings have been configured, the default settings for output amplitude, offset and frequency are used.

Setting Start and Stop Frequency

The start and stop frequencies define the upper and lower sweep limits. The function generator will sweep from the start through to the stop frequency and cycle back to the start frequency. The sweep is phase continuous over the full range sweep range (100μHz- 80MHz: AFG-3081/50MHz: AFG-3051).

Panel Operation

Start

Stop

1. Press the SWEEP key.

2. To select the start or stop frequency, press F3 (Start) or F4 (Stop).

3. The Start or Stop parameter will become highlighted in the waveform display area.

MODULATION

Range Sweep Range

Note

4. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the Stop/Start frequency.

5. Press F1~F5 to select the Start/Stop frequency units.

100μHz~80MHz(3081)

100μHz~50MHz(3051)

(Sine/Square)

100μHz~1MHz (Triangle)

Start - Default 100Hz

Stop - Default 1kHz

To sweep from low to high frequencies, set the start frequency less than the stop frequency.

To sweep from high to low frequencies, set the start frequency greater than the stop frequency.

When marker is off, the SYNC signal is a square wave with a duty cycle of 50%. At the start of the sweep, the SYNC signal is at a TTL low level that rises to a TTL high level at the frequency midpoint. The frequency of the SYNC signal is equal to the sweep time.

When marker is on, at the start of the sweep, the SYNC signal is at a TTL high level that drops to a TTL low level at the marker. The SYNC signal is output from the mark output terminal.

AFG-3000 Series User Manual

Center Frequency and Span

A center frequency and span can be set to determine the upper and lower sweep limits (start/stop).

Panel Operation

Span

Center

1. Press the SWEEP key.

2. Press F6 (More).

3. To select span or center, press F1 (Span) or F2 (Center).

4. The Span or Center parameter will become highlighted in the Waveform Display area.

5. Use the selector keys and scroll wheel or number pad to enter the Span/Center frequency.

100

6. Press F1~F5 to select the Start/Stop frequency units.

GW Instek AFG-3000 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual