Gossen Metrawatt M249A, METRAHIT ENERGY User guide

Operating Instructions

METRAHITENERGY

TRMS System Multimeter

3-349-576-03

6/1.17

Standard Equipment – Contact Persons

Scope of Delivery

1 TRMS system multimeter METRAHIT ENERGY (M249A) 1 KS29 measurement cable set (Z229A) 2 Batteries 1 Condensed operating instructions 1 CD ROM (with operating instructions, data sheet and more) 1 DAkkS calibration certificate 1 Rubber holster and carrying strap

Overview of Features included

Function Power measurement W (Var, VA, PF) Energy measurement Wh (varh, VAh) Events recording DC / AC events Power disturbance recording PQ Harmonic analysis V, A Voltage (Ri  17 M) V Voltage (Ri  9 M) V Voltage (Ri 9 ... 17 M) V Crest factor (1  CF  11) 3 Frequency in Hz with V

Low-pass filter 1 kHz with VAC Bandwidth for V Pulse frequency in MHz at 5V

AC+DC

or V

TTL 1 Hz...1 MHz Duty cycle as % 2.0% ... 98% Voltage level measurement in dB 3 Resistance  Conductivity nS Low-resistance measurement

where I

CONST

= 3 mA

TRMS

AC+DC

... 300 kHz

100 kHz

Function Continuity test

where I

CONST

= 1 mA

Diode test where I

CONST

= 1 mA

Temperature °C/°F with T Temperature °C/°F R

Type K

Pt100/Pt1000

Capacitance in F 3 Cable length in m 3 Current A

AAC TRMS

TRMS

AC+DC

10 kHz

... 60 kHz

mV / A mA / A

Bandwidth for A Frequency in Hz for A Current clamp measurement with

adjustable transformation ratio Relative value measurement

(ref. value measurement) REL

AC+DC

or A

Zero point 3 Data logger function

(memory) 16 MBit Min-Max / data hold 3 IR interface (38.4 kBd) 3 Power pack socket 3 Rubber holster 3 Fuse 10 A / 1000 V Protection Measuring Category 600 V CAT III

IP 52

300 V CAT IV

DAkkS calibration certificate 3

16 Mbit = 2048 kByte = up to 300,000 measured values,

sampling rate adjustable from 0.5 second to 9 hours

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Standard Equipment – Contact Persons

Accessories (sensors, plug inserts, adapters, consumable materials)

The accessories available for your instrument are checked for compliance with currently valid safety regulations at regular intervals, and are amended as required for new applications. Currently up-to-date accessories which are suitable for your measuring instrument are listed at the following web address along with photo, order number, description and, depending upon the scope of the respective accessory, data sheet and operating instructions: www.gossenmetrawatt.com

1 Safety Features and Precautions

You have selected an instrument which provides you with high levels of safety.

This instrument fulfills all requirements of applicable European and national EC directives. We confirm this with the CE mark. The relevant declaration of conformity can be obtained from GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH.

The TRMS digital multimeter has been manufactured and tested in accordance with the following safety regulations: IEC 61010–1:2010 / DIN EN 61010–1/VDE 0411–1:2011. When used for its intended purpose (see page 9), safety of the operator, as well as that of the instrument, is assured. Their safety is however not guaranteed, if the instrument is used improperly or handled carelessly.

In order to maintain flawless technical safety conditions, and to assure safe use, it is imperative that you read the operating instructions thoroughly and carefully before placing your instrument into service, and that you follow all instructions contained therein.

The multimeter is equipped with an automatic socket blocking mechanism for your safety, and in order to safeguard your instrument.

This mechanism is linked to the rotary switch and only allows access to those jacks which are actually required for the selected function (exception: the voltage jack is open during current measurement, but a visible red ring warns the user of possible incorrect connection). The socket blocking mechanism also prevents the user from turning the rotary switch to impermissible functions after the measurement cables have already been plugged in.

If dangerous voltages are applied in the high-impedance voltage measuring functions (switch position V or PQ), switching to lowimpedance measuring functions (switch position MHz, , continuity, temperature or capacitance) causes “HiVoLt” to appear at the display and the respective measurement is disabled.

Hazardous contact voltages are not detected when the ohm or capacitance measurement is selected.

If the instrument switches itself off in the event that hazardous contact voltage is applied (only possible during memory mode operation), the high-voltage warning symbol remains visible at the display.

Measuring Categories and their Significance per IEC 61010-1

CAT Definition

Measurements in electrical circuits which are not directly connected to the

mains, e.g. electrical systems in motor vehicles and aircraft, batteries etc.

Measurements in electrical circuits which are directly connected to the low-

voltage mains via plug, e.g. in household, office and laboratory applications etc.

Measurements in building installations: Stationary consumers, distributor

III

terminals, devices connected permanently to the distributor

Measurements at power sources for low-voltage installations:

meters, mains terminals, primary overvoltage protection devices

The measuring category and the associated maximum rated voltage which are printed on the device apply to your measuring instrument, e.g. 600 V CAT III.

Refer to section 10.2 regarding use of the measurement cables.

Observe the following safety precautions:

• The multimeter may not be used in potentially explosive

atmospheres.

• The multimeter may only be operated by persons who are ca-

pable of recognizing contact hazards and taking the appropriate safety precautions. Contact hazards according to the standard exist anywhere, where voltages of greater than 33 V TRMS or 70 V DC may occur. Avoid working alone when taking measurements which involve contact hazards. Be certain that a second person is present.

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Safety Precautions

• Maximum permissible voltage between the voltage measuring sockets or all connector sockets and ground is 600 V for measuring category III and 300 V for measuring category IV.

• Be aware of the fact that dangerous voltage peaks with significant frequency components of greater than 1 kHz are not displayed when the low-pass filter is activated. We recommend measuring voltage without the low-pass filter first, in order to be able to detect any dangerous voltages.

• Be prepared for the occurrence of unexpected voltages at devices under test (e.g. defective devices). For example, capacitors may be dangerously charged.

• Make certain that the measurement cables are in flawless condition, e.g. no damage to insulation, no interruptions in cables or plugs etc.

• No measurements may be made with this instrument in electrical circuits with corona discharge (high-voltage).

• Special care is required when measurements are made in HF electrical circuits. Dangerous pulsating voltages may be present.

• Measurements under moist ambient conditions or with an instrument with condensation are not permissible

• Be absolutely certain that the measuring ranges are not overloaded beyond their allowable capacities. Limit values are included in section 8, “Technical Data”, in the table entitled “Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges” in the “Overload Capacity” column.

• The multimeter may only be operated with installed batteries or rechargeable batteries. Dangerous currents and voltages are otherwise not indicated, and the instrument may be damaged.

• The instrument may not be operated if the fuse cover or the battery compartment lid has been removed, or if its housing is open.

• The input for the current measuring range is equipped with a fuse link. Use specified fuses only (see page 86)! The fuse must have a breaking capacity of at least 30 kA.

• Observe optical and acoustic warning signals (see section 1.2 and section 1.3).

Opening of Equipment / Repair

The equipment may be opened only by authorized service personnel to ensure the safe and correct operation of the equipment and to keep the warranty valid.

Even original spare parts may be installed only by authorized service personnel.

In case the equipment was opened by unauthorized personnel, no warranty regarding personal safety, measurement accuracy, conformity with applicable safety measures or any consequential damage is granted by the manufacturer.

Repair and Parts Replacement

When the instrument is opened, voltage conducting parts may be exposed. The instrument must be disconnected from the measuring circuit before performing repairs or replacing parts. If repair of a live open instrument is required, it may only be carried out by trained personnel who are familiar with the dangers involved.

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Safety Precautions

Note

Defects and Extraordinary Strains

If it may be assumed that the instrument can no longer be operated safely, it must be removed from service and secured against unintentional use. Safe operation can no longer be relied upon:

• If the device demonstrates visible damage

• If the instrument no longer functions, or if malfunctioning occurs

• After long periods of storage under unfavorable conditions (e.g. humidity, dust or extreme temperature (see “Ambient Conditions” on page 86).

1.1 Use for Intended Purpose

• The multimeter is a portable device which can be held in the hand during the performance of measurements.

• Only those types of measurements described in section 5 may be performed with the measuring instrument.

• The measuring instrument, including measurement cables and plug-on test probes, may only be utilized up to the maximum specified measuring category (see page 86 and the table on page 7 regarding significance).

• Overload limits may not be exceeded. See technical data on page 79 for overload values and overload limits.

• Measurements may only be performed under the specified ambient conditions. See page 86 regarding operating temperature range and relative humidity.

• The measuring instrument may only be used in accordance with the specified degree of protection (IP code) (see page 86).

1.2 Meanings of Danger Symbols

Warning concerning a source of danger (attention: observe documentation!)

Warning at the display regarding dangerous contact voltage at the voltage measuring input (jacks 8 and 10, see page 10): U > 30 V AC or U > 35 V DC

For safety reasons, the instrument cannot be switched off when dangerous contact voltages are being applied.

Electrical discharge or high frequency interference may cause incorrect displays to appear. To reset the instrument, switch it off and then back on again. See also section 6.5 with regard to restoring the factory settings.

1.3 Meanings of Acoustic Warning Signals

Voltage warning: > 600 V (intermittent acoustic signal)

Current warning: > 10 A (intermittent acoustic signal)

Current warning: > 16 A (continuous acoustic signal)

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Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

sec. 4.3

sec. 3 sec. 5

sec. 7

sec. 6

sec. 3 ff.

sec. 3

sec. 4.1

sec. 4.1.2

Max. 600 V!

sec. 4.1 

sec. 4.4

sec. 6

sec. 3 

sec. 6 

sec. 3.1 

sec. 1.2

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

1 Display (LCD) (see page 12 for significance of symbols) 2 MAN/AUTO: shift key for manual/automatic measuring range selection

 Increase parameter values

selection of indiv. menu entries against direction of flow

Operating mode menu:

ON / OFF | LIGHT

: key for switching device and display illumination on and off

4 FUNC | ENTER Multifunction key

Operating mode menu: acknowledge entry (ENTER)

5 

Increase measuring range or move decimal point to the right (MAN function) Power measurement: change displayed unit of measure

6 Rotary switch

for meas. functions

(see significance of symbols on 7 DAkkS calibration mark 8 Connector socket for ground / connected to ground 9 Socket connector for direct current measurement and current clamp

transformer, with automatic blocking

10 Connector socket for voltage, resistance, temperature, diode and capacitance

measurement, and current

clamp

sensor

11 DATA/MIN/MAX: key for freezing, comparing and deleting measured value,

and for Min-Max function

 Decrease values

Operating mode menu: s

election of indiv. menu entries in direction of flow

12 MEASURE | SETUP: key for switching back and forth between measuring

and menu function

13 ZERO | ESC

Key for zero balancing Operating mode menu: Exit current menu level and

return to a higher level. Exit parameters entry function

 Reduce meas. range or move decimal point to the left (MAN function)

without saving.

Power measurement: change displayed unit of measure

15 Power pack connector jack

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16 Infrared interface

page 13)

Symbols Used in the Digital Display 1 Battery level indicator

Battery full

Battery OK

Battery weak

Battery (almost) dead, U < 1.8 V

Data transmission to /  from multimeter, active

IR interface active (ready to receive starting commands)

Battery Level Indicator

Interface Indicator

1 28

54 6

24 272120

22 23 26 2829

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Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

2 ON: continuous operation (automatic shutdown deactivated) 3 DATA: display memory, “freeze measured value” 4 STORE: memory mode active 5 TRIG: synchronized storage 6 FILTER: low-pass filter active 7 EVENTS: events measurement 8 IR: infrared interface indicator 9 Auxiliary display: digital display with decimal point and polarity display

10 Transformation ratio (factor for current clamp sensorc and transformers),

see section 6.4.3 11 dB: alternating voltage level measurement 12 Selected type of current 13 TRMS measurement 14 Unit of measure

15 Warning regarding dangerous voltage: U > 30 V AC or U > 35 V DC

16 Main display: digital display with decimal point and polarity display 17 Continuity test with acoustic signal active 18 Pt100/Pt1000: selected platinum resistance sensor with automatic

selection of Pt100 / Pt1000 19 TC: temperature measurement with type K thermocouple (NiCr-Ni) 20 h (hours): unit of time 21 MAN: manual measuring range selection active 22 ZERO: zero balancing active 23 REL: relative measurement with reference to offset 24 min: minimum value storage 25 Diode measurement selected 26 max: maximum value storage 27 Stopwatch active or time since beginning of measurement 28 ON: together with the symbol in item 27: elapsed time since activation of the

respective function 29 sec (seconds): unit of time

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

1kHz

Symbols and Functions for Rotary Switch Positions (MD: main display, AD: auxiliary display, MR: measuring range)

Switch V~ 0/4 V~AC TRMS / HZ

V~ 1 Hz ~AC TRMS / (1) CLiP=oFF: voltage frequency, to 300 kHz / CLiP=ON current frequency sensor DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO V~ 2 V filter ~AC TRMS / Hz man Alternating voltage, AC TRMS, with low pass filter (1 kHz) DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO dB 3 dB ~AC TRMS Alternating voltage level measurement DATA/MIN/MAX V 0/4 V DC / (0/2) CLiP=OFF: direct voltage measured directly / CLiP=ON: via current clamp sensor DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO V 1 V DC+ AC TRMS / CF / (1) V 2 V DC EVENTS Direct voltage events DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO V 3 V~AC TRMS EVENTS Alternating voltage events DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO PQ 0/2 MAinS: V DC+AC TRMS Mains quality: events (type, start time, date, duration, value) Event querying:   keys

MHz 0/2 MHz (High) Frequency at 5 V~ up to 1 MHz DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO % 1 % Duty cycle at 5 V~ DATA/MIN/MAX  0/3  (DC) resistance DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO nS 1 nS Conductivity (in nano-Siemens) DATA/MIN/MAX  2RPE  Low-resistance measurement with acoustic signal where Iconst = 3 mA DATA/MIN/MAX, ZERO

Tem p. TC 0/2

Tem p. RT D 1°Pt100 Temperature with Pt100 / Pt1000 resistance sensor DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO

m 1 km Cable length DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO W 0/2 W DC+ AC TRMS / V+A / PF Power (active, reactive, apparent power) / voltage + current / power factor Wh 1 Wh DC+ AC TRMS energy time Energy: energy (active, reactive, apparent energy) / on-time

A 0/4 A DC+ AC TRMS / (2) A/~ 1A DC / (3) A~ 2 A~AC TRMS / Hz / (0/4) CLiP=OFF: alternating current direct, TRMS AC / current frequency,

A/~ 3 thd % ~AC TRMS / A (1) Main display: total harmonic distortion relative to fundamental frequency as %

FUNC

Display Measuring function Sub-Function

A~AC TRMS (0/2)

1 thd % ~AC TRMS / V /

thd % ~AC TRMS / A / (0/2)

0/2  Continuity test, , with acoustic signal where Iconst = 1 mA DATA/MIN/MAX, ZERO 1 V DC Diode voltage up to max. 6 V where Iconst = 1 mA DATA/MIN/MAX

C, type K

0/2 nF Capacitance DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO

CLiP=OFF: alternating voltage, AC TRMS, full bandwidth CLiP=ON: alternating current via current clamp sensor, TRMS AC value

CLiP=OFF: pulsating voltage, direct, TRMS / CLiP=ON: via current clamp sensor

Main display: total harmonic distortion relative to fundamental frequency as % Auxiliary display: RMS value for the total signal in V

Temperature, type K thermocouple DATA/MIN/MAX

Mean: average power / max: maximum power CLiP=OFF: pulsating current, direct, TRMS AC+DC, CLiP=ON: current clamp transformer CLiP=OFF: direct voltage, direct, CLiP=ON: direct voltage via current clamp trans.

CLiP=ON: alternating current via current clamp trans. // temperature: MB 6 A and 10 A

Auxiliary display: RMS value for the total signal in A

DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO

Query harmonics 1 through 15: RMS values and distortion via  keys

DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO MAN/AUTO, Wh – VAh – VArh:

Energy – Mean – max: , ZERO = reset DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO DATA/MIN/MAX, MAN/AUTO, ZERO

Query harmonics 1 through 15: RMS values and distortion via  keys

, W – VA – VAr: vw

keys

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User Interface Symbols in the Following Sections

5V/600mA

Serial number

Registration number Date of calibraion (year – month)

German Accrediation Body GmbH – Calibration lab

XY123

2012-08

D-K-

15080-01-01

 ...  Scroll through main menu  ...  Scroll through submenu   Select decimal point  Increase/decrease value

time Submenu/parameter (7-segment font) 1nFo Main menu (7-segment font, boldface)

Symbols on the Device

Warning concerning a source of danger (attention: observe documentation!)

Ground

CAT III / IV Measuring category III or IV device, see also

“Measuring Categories and their Significance per IEC 61010-1” on page 7

Continuous, doubled or reinforced insulation

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

EC mark of conformity

Position of the infrared interface, window on the top of the instrument

See also section 3.1 regarding location of the power pack adapter socket.

Fuse for current measuring ranges, see section 9.3

This device may not be disposed of with the trash. Further information regarding the WEEE mark can be accessed on the Internet at www.gossenmetrawatt.com under the search term WEEE (see also section 9.5).

Calibration mark (blue seal):

See also “Recalibration” on page 89.

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Initial Start-Up – Setup

Attention!

Note

3 Initial Start-Up

3.1 Inserting Batteries or Rechargeable Batteries

Be certain to refer to section 9.2 regarding correct battery installation.

Momentary battery voltage can be queried in the Info menu (see section 6.3).

Disconnect the instrument from the measuring circuit before opening the battery compartment lid in order to replace the batteries.

Operation With Power Pack (not included, see section 10.3)

Installed batteries are disconnected electronically if the NA X-TRA power pack is used, and need not be removed from the instrument. If rechargeable batteries are used, they must be recharged externally. If the external power supply is switched off, the device is switched to battery operation without interruption.

3.2 Switching the Instrument On

Switching the Instrument On Manually

Ð Press the ON / OFF | LIGHT key until the display appears.

Power-up is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. As long as the key is held depressed, all of the segments at the liquid crystal display (LCD) are illuminated. The LCD is depicted on page 11. The instrument is ready for use as soon as the key is released.

Display Illumination

After the instrument has been switched on, background illumination can be activated by briefly pressing the ON / OFF | LIGHT key. Illumination is switched back off by once again pressing the same key, or automatically after approximately 1 minute. If necessary, automatic deactivation of background illumination can be disabled with the appropriate parameter setting (see bLiGht parameter in SYStEM submenu) or via the interface.

Switching the Instrument On with a PC

The multimeter is switched on after transmission of a data block from the PC, assuming that the “irStb” parameter has been set to “on” (see section 6.4).

However, we recommend using the power saving mode: “off”.

Electrical discharge and high frequency interference may cause incorrect displays to appear, and may disable the measuring sequence. Disconnect the device from the measuring circuit. Switch the instrument off and back on again in order to reset. If the problem persists, briefly dislodge the battery from the connector contacts (see also section 9.2).

3.3 Setting the Operating Parameters

Setting Time and Date

See the “t iME” and “dAtE” parameter in section 6.4.

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ON / OFF

LIGHT

FUNC

ENTER

ON / OFF

LIGHT

Auto-Range

8.8.8.8.8

Illumination On

000.00

ON / OFF

LIGHT

Illumination Off

000.00

ON / OFF

LIGHT

0ff

ON / OFF

LIGHT

Long (1 s)

3.4 Switching the Instrument Off

Switching the Instrument Off Manually

Ð Press the ON / OFF | LIGHT key until 0FF appears at the display.

Shutdown is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. If hazardous contact voltage has been detected (HV symbol

appears), the instrument cannot be switched off.

Automatic Shutdown

The instrument is switched off automatically if the measured value remains unchanged for a long period of time (maximum measured value fluctuation of approx. 0.8% of the measuring range per minute or 1C or 1F per minute), and if none of the keys or the rotary switch have been activated before a selected period of time in minutes has elapsed (see “APoFF” parameter on page 66). Shutdown is acknowledged with a brief acoustic signal. Automatic shutdown is disabled in the following operating modes: continuous operation, mains analysis, power or energy measurement and whenever dangerous contact voltage has been detected (exception: memory mode).

Disabling Automatic Shutdown

The instrument can be set to continuous operation. Ð Simultaneously press the

The “Continuous On” function is indicated at by means of the display to the right of the battery symbol.

The “Continuous On” setting can only be canceled by changing the respective parameter (see “APoFF” on page 66 regarding instrument shutdown via parameter) or by switching the instrument off manually. In this case, the parameter is reset to 10 minutes.

and keys to this end.

Initial Start-Up – Setup

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Control Functions

230.00

050.00

TRMS

U > 35 V:

MHz



Te mp

Temp

RTD

hivolt

4 Control Functions

4.1 Selecting Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges

The rotary switch is linked to an automatic socket blocking mechanism which only allows access to two jacks per function (exception: the voltage jack is open during current measurement, but a visible red ring warns the user of possible incorrect connection). Be certain to remove the appropriate plug from its respective jack before switching to and from the “A” functions. The socket blocking mechanism prevents the user from inadvertently turning the selector switch to impermissible functions after the measurement cables have been plugged in to the instrument.

Presence of Dangerous Contact Voltages

If dangerous voltages are applied in the high-impedance voltage measuring functions (switch position V or PQ), switching to low-impedance measuring functions (switch position MHz, , continuity, temperature or capacitance) causes “HiVoLt” to appear at the display and the respective measurement is disabled. The measuring function is not switched until dangerous contact voltage is no longer applied to the input.

If the instrument switches itself off in the event that hazardous contact voltage is applied (during memory mode operation with large sampling period), the high-voltage warning symbol remains visible at the display.

4.1.1 Automatic Measuring Range Selection (auto-ranging)

The multimeter is equipped with auto-ranging for most measuring functions. Auto-ranging is active as soon as the instrument is switched on. The instrument automatically selects the measuring range which allows for highest possible resolution of the applied quantity. When the instrument is switched to frequency measurement, the previously selected voltage measuring range remains active.

AUTO-Range Function

The multimeter is switched automatically to the next higher range at (61000 d + 1 d 06100 d) and to the next lower range at (05400 d - 1 d  53999 d).

Exceptions: capacitance and cable length measurement

The multimeter is switched automatically to the next higher range at (6100 d + 1 d 00 610 d) and to the next lower range at (0540 d  5399 d).

4.1.2 Manual Measuring Range Selection

Auto-ranging can be deactivated and measuring ranges can be selected manually in accordance with the following table by pressing the then be selected with the and energy measurement, see next page).

MAN / AUTO button. The desired measuring range can

 or  scroll key (exceptions: power

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Control Functions

The instrument is automatically returned to automatic range selection when the MAN / AUTO key is pressed, the rotary switch is activated or the instrument is switched off and back on again.

Overview: Auto-Ranging and Manual Range Selection

Function Display

MAN / AUTO

Range switching sequence for:

V DC: V AC/AC+DC: Hz (V AC):

600 Hz  6 kHz  60 kHz  600 kHz

MHz

 or 

MAN / AUTO

* Via manual measuring range selection only

600 Hz  6 kHz  60 kHz  600 kHz  1 MHz



600 W  6 kW  60 kW  600 kW  6 MW  60 MW

600 mA  6 mA  60 mA  600 mA  6 A  10 A (16 A)

Hz (A AC):

600 Hz  6 kHz  60 kHz  600 kHz

60 nF  600 nF  6 mF  60 mF  600 mF

6 km  60 km

Manual mode active:

utilized measuring range is fixed

60 mV*  600 mV*  6 V  60 V  600 V 600 mV*  6 V  60 V  600 V

Return to automatic measuring range se-

lection

MAN

—

“Intelligent” MAN Function

If a small measurement value occurs, the instrument can be switched to a measuring range with higher resolution by pressing the MAN / AUTO key.

Power and Energy Measurements

In the power meaurement function of Metrahit Energy, you can choose between automatic measuring range selection or fixed voltage and current measuring ranges. In contrast to the other measuring functions, however, manual measuring range selection is not possible in this case, as the instrument cannot distinguish whether the voltage or current measuring range is to be changed. The practical procedure is

therefore to start by applying the highest anticipated voltage and current values in the case of automatic measuring range selection and then to lock in the resulting measuring ranges by pressing the MAN / AUTO key. Locking is disabled by pressing the key once again.

The voltage and current measuring ranges can be selected individually when the multimeter is remote-controlled via its IR interface by using the USB X-TRA adapter (and the METRAwin10-Hit software or control command via terminal program).

Mains and Harmonic Analysis

The measuring range for mains analysis (switch position PQ) is specified in the menu (Set > MAinS > rAnGE).

The measuring range for harmonic analysis can be selected as a fixed setting in the menu (Set > HArM > U.rAnGE and Set > HArM > I.rAnGE, clamp factor is not taken into consideration!), or autoranging can be activated.

4.1.3 Peak Value Monitoring for Automatic and Manual Measuring Range Selection

The peak value is measured in addition to RMS measurement in the V / A DC, AC and AC+D functions, as well as for power measurement. If the peak value exceeds the valid range of the corresponding measuring path, the instrument is switched up one range, even if the displayed measured value has not yet reached the threshold value. If the momentary range is manually selected, (-)OL is displayed.

This assures that, in these functions, measurement is always performed in the correct range (e.g. during measurement of a signal with a high crest factor or measurement of the DC component of a mixed signal with a large AC component).

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Control Functions

4.1.4 Quick Measurements (MAN or DATA function)

Measurements performed using a suitable fixed measuring range are executed more quickly than those which utilize automatic range selection. Quick measurement is made possible with the following two functions:

• Manual measuring range selection, i.e. selection of the measuring range with the best resolution (see section 4.1.2)

•With the DATA function (see section 4.4) In this way, the appro- priate measuring range is selected automatically after the first measurement and the second measurement is executed more quickly.

The selected measuring range remains active for the subsequent series of measurements with these two functions.

4.2 Zero Offset / Relative Measurements – ZERO/Delta REL Function

Zero offset or a reference value for relative measurements can be stored to memory depending upon deviation from the zero point:

Deviation from Zero Point – with short-circuited measurement cables

for V, , R

– with open input for capacitance unit of measure (F)

, , A

(0 ... 200) digits ZERO REL

(200 ... 25 000) digits

(10 A measuring range: up to 5000 digits)

Display

REL

The relevant reference or correction value is deducted individually for the respective measuring function as an offset from all future measurements and remains in memory until deleted, or until the multimeter is switched off.

Zero balancing and reference value adjustment can be used for auto-ranging, as well as for manual measuring range selection.

Zero Balancing

Ð Plug the measurement cables into the instrument and connect

the free ends to each other, except for capacitance measurement in which case the ends of the cables are not connected to each other.

Ð Briefly press the ZERO | ESC key.

The instrument acknowledges zero balancing with an acoustic signal, and the “ZERO REL” symbol appears at the LCD. The value measured at the moment the key is pressed serves as a reference value.

Ð Zero balancing can be cleared by once again pressing the

ZERO | ESC key.

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Control Functions

Setting the Reference Value

Ð Plug the measurement cables into the instrument and measure

a reference value (max. 25,000 digits, or 5000 digits in 10 A range)

Ð Briefly press the ZERO | ESC key.

The instrument acknowledges storage of the reference value with an acoustic signal, and the “ZERO REL” or the “REL” symbol appears at the LCD. The value measured at the moment the key is pressed serves as a reference value.

Ð The reference value can be cleared by once again pressing the

ZERO | ESC key.

Notes Regarding Relative Measurement

• Relative measurement effects the main display only.

• In the case of relative measurement, , F or AC quantities may

also appear as negative values.

4.3 Display (LCD)

Measured Value, Unit of Measure, Type of Current, Polarity

The measured value with decimal and plus or minus sign appears at the digital display. The selected unit of measure and current type are displayed as well. A minus sign appears to the left of the value during the measurement of zero-frequency quantities, if the plus pole of the measured quantity is applied to the “” input.

Overranging

“0L” (overload) is displayed as of 61,000 digits. Exceptions: “OL” appears at the display as of 6100 digits for measuring functions with a measuring range span of 6000 digits.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 19

Control Functions

Note

V, A , Hz

t [s]

60,000

6000

Activated

Reactivated

Save

dB, F, MHz, %

Digits

100% of measuring range

10% of measuring range

4.4 Measured Value Storage: DATA (auto-hold / compare)

An individual measured value can be automatically “frozen” with the DATA function (auto-hold). This is useful, for example, when contacting the measuring points with the test probes requires your full attention. After the measuring signal has been applied and the measured value has settled in in accordance with the “condition” listed in the table below, the measured value is frozen at the digital display and an acoustic signal is generated. The test probes can now be removed from the measuring points, and the measured value can be read from the digital display. If the measuring signal falls below the value specified in the table, the function is reactivated for storage of the next value.

Measured Value Comparison (DATA compare)

If the currently frozen value deviates from the first saved value by less than 100 digits, the acoustic signal is generated twice. If deviation is greater than 100 digits, only a brief acoustic signal is generated.

The selected measuring range cannot be manually changed as long as the DATA function is active.

Function

DATA

Activate Brief Blinks Once

Save (stabilized measured

value)

Reactivate

Data/

Min/Max

Key

The DATA function is deactivated by pressing and holding the DATA/MIN/MAX key (approx. 1 second), when the measuring function is changed, or when the instrument is switched off and back on again.

DATA Function in Memory Mode Operation (rAtE parameter = dAtA)

If dAtA is selected as the storage rate under the StorE > rAtE measuring parameter setting, and if memory mode operation is then started, measured values “frozen” with activated DATA function are automatically saved to permanent memory with time stamp.

20 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Change to

Min/Max

Exit Long

Reactivation results from falling short of specified measured value limits.

Two acoustic signals are generated the first time a measured value is saved as a reference value. For subsequent data hold, two acoustic signals are only generated if the currently frozen value deviates from the first saved value by less than 100 digits.

Key: MV = measured value, MR = measuring range

Brief See table in section 4.4.1

Condition Response from Instrument

Measuring

Function

V, A, Hz, dB,

F, M H z, %



V, A, Hz, dB,

F, M H z, %



Measuring

Signal

> 10%

rdg.

0L

< 10%

rdg.

= 0L

Display

Digital

dis-

played

Stored

deletedIsdeleted

DATA

Static

Blinks

Acous-

tic

Once

Twi ce

Control Functions

Note

Example

The voltage measuring range is set manually to 6 V. The first measured value is 3 V and is stored to memory because it is greater than 10% of the measuring range (6000 digits = 0.6 V), and is thus reliably above the background noise level. As soon as the measured value drops to less than 10% of the measuring range (6000 digits), i.e. amounts to less than 6 V which corresponds to removal of the test probes from the measuring point, the instrument is ready to store a new value.

4.4.1 Saving Minimum and Maximum Values – Min/Max Function

Minimum and maximum measured values applied to the measuring instrument’s input after the Min-Max function has been activated can be “frozen” at the auxiliary display along with time of occurrence. The most important use of this function is the determination of minimum and maximum values during long-term measured value observation.

Except during power measurement, the Min-Max function has no effect on the main display, at which the current measured value continues to appear.

Apply the measured quantity to the instrument and set the measuring range with the MAN / AUTO key before activating the Min- Max function.

The Min-Max function is deactivated by pressing and holding the DATA/MIN/MAX key (approx. 1 second), when the measuring function is changed, or when the instrument is switched off and back on again.

Extreme values can be reset by pressing the ZERO key.

Response from Instrument

Min-Max Function

Activate

and save

Save and

display

Reset

Stop

Data/

Min/Max

Key

DATA/

MIN/MAX

1 x brief

DATA/

MIN/MAX

Brief

ZERO/

ESC

Brief

DATA/

MIN/MAX

Long

Min. and Max.

Measured Values

Are

saved

Storage continues in the back-

ground, new min. and max.

values are displayed together

with time.

Are deleted

are deleted

and function is exited

Display

Digital

Measured

Valu e

Current

measured

value

Saved min.

value

Saved max.

value

Saved min.max. values

Current

measured

value

Acous

Max.

Min.

Once

Min. Once

Max. Once

min/

max

Is dele-

Twi ce

ted

tic

Sig-

nal

Power Measurement (special case)

Instantaneous power is displayed with the switch in the W setting. The Min-Max function is activated with the DATA/MIN/MAX key. The minimum and maximum values for active, reactive and apparent power are displayed as of the beginning of the power measurement, along with time of occurrence (date and time). Previous Min-Max values can be cleared without exiting the function by pressing the ZERO key. This function differs from the general Min-Max function insofar as measurement is performed continuously in the background, even if the Min-Max display is not shown, and while the instrument is in the energy measuring mode

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 21

Control Functions

MEASURE

SETUP

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

4.5 Measurement Data Recording – Memory Mode Operation, STORE Menu Function

The system multimeter is capable of recording measurement data using an adjustable sampling rate for long periods of time in the form of measurement series. Data are stored to permanent memory, an70: EnErGY Submenud are retained even after the multimeter is switched off, as well as after battery replacement.

Stored measured values can subsequently be read out at the computer. The only prerequisite is a PC which is connected by means of an interface cable to the USB X-TRA bidirectional interface adapter, which is plugged onto a system multimeter. See also section 7, “Interface Operation”.

Memory Parameters Overview

Parameter Page: Header

CLEAr dEMAnd

23: Clear Memory

68: tEMP unit – Select a Unit of Measure for Temperature

tiME EMpty hyst 0CCvP rAtE StArt StoP t. store

23: Clear Memory – appears after CLEAr

75: HYSt – Hysteresis (parameter for memory mode operation)

23: Querying Memory Occupancy

70: EnErGY Submenu

22: Starting Recording via Menu Functions

23: Ending Recording

76: tStorE – Recording Time (parameter for memory mode operation)

Preparing for Recording – Parameter Settings

Ð First set the sampling rate for memory mode operation (see

section 6.4 the rAtE parameter).

Ð Set hysteresis for efficient use of available memory space.

During memory mode operation, new measured data are only saved if they deviate from the previously stored value by an amount which exceeds the selected hysteresis value (see section 6.4, “hyst” parameter).

Ð Set “t.StorE” in order to limit recording duration.

Ð First select the desired measuring function and an appropriate

measuring range.

Ð Check the battery charge level before starting long-term mea-

surement recordings (see section 6.3). Connect the NA X-TRA power pack if applicable.

Starting Recording via Menu Functions

Ð Switch to the “SET” mode by pressing MEASURE | SETUP and

select the “StorE” menu.

1nFo

 ...  StorE store off StArt (blinks)

store

Ð Memory mode operation is started by acknowledging the

blinking “start” prompt at the main display with the FUNC | ENTER key. The

STORE display segment appears in the header

and indicates that the memory mode has been activated. “store” appears at the main display.

Ð Press the MEASURE | SETUP key in order to return to the measur-

ing function.

22 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Note

The StorE > StArt and StorE > CLEAr menu functions can

FUNC

ENTER

MEASURE

SETUP

FUNC

ENTER

MEASURE

SETUP

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

only be selected a long as memory is not completely full (StorE > StArt), or not completely empty (StorE > CLEAr).

Control Functions

Querying Memory Occupancy

Memory occupancy can be queried during recording with the help of the “1nFo” menu (see also section 6.3).

Memory occupancy range: 000.1% to 099.9%.

1nFo

bAtt

x.x V



...



0CCvP :

017.4

Ending Recording

Ð If the instrument is in the measuring mode, return to the menu

function by pressing the MEASURE | SETUP key. Select “StorE” again and acknowledge by pressing the FUNC | ENTER key. “StoP” blinks at the main display.

store on StoP store

Clear Memory

This function deletes all measured values from memory! (blinks) It’s advisable to execute this function before starting a new

measurement data recording.

1nFo

 ...  StorE store off StArt (blinks)

 store CLEAr no  yes empty  store

Ð Acknowledge the “StoP” display by pressing FUNC | ENTER.

STORE display segment in the header is cleared, indicating

The that recording has been ended.

Ð Press the MEASURE | SETUP key in order to return to the measur-

ing function.

Ð Memory mode operation can also be exited by switching the

multimeter off.

Storage of Individual Values Using the SAMPLE or dAtA Sampling Rate

If only individually selected values need to be saved, the SAMPLE value must be selected as the StorE > rAtE sampling value. If memory mode operation is then started, a single measured value is saved to permanent memory with time stamp when the DATA/ MIN/MAX key is pressed and held until two rapidly repeating acoustic signals are generated (not in the case of mains analysis).

If dAtA is selected as the StorE > rAtE sampling rate, and if memory mode operation is then started, measured values ascertained with activated DATA function are automatically saved to permanent memory with time stamp.

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 23

Control Functions

Note

4.5.1 Rapid Momentary Value Acquisition for U DC and I DC

Rapid momentary value acquisition is only activated during memory mode operation in the U DC and I DC functions, and only after selecting a sampling period of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 or 50 ms: All trigger and hysteresis functions are available, although the momentary value is acquired with a separate measuring circuit.

This allows for the recording of the waveshapes of low-frequency signals with reduced resolution and accuracy (typically < 1% of the measuring range under reference conditions, not specified). Roughly 300,000 measured values can be saved in this mode. Values of up to about 1.9 x Umax or Imax are recorded (with fixed range, range-dependent fluctuations), and thus the range limit can be exceeded by approximately 90%.

The ZERO/REL function is not taken into consideration for rapid momentary value acquisition!

4.5.2 Power and Energy Measurement in the Memory Mode

The value selected for the SEt > EnErGY > StorE menu parameter specifies which values from power and energy measurements will be saved during memory mode operation:

• SEt > EnErGY > StorE = normal (default setting): Momentary values for current, voltage, active, reactive and apparent power, as well as power factor, are acquired and saved to memory at the selected sampling rate (at least 0.5 s).

• SEt > EnErGY > StorE = demand: The instrument only saves mean power values at the end of the dEMAnd tiME observation period (see section 6.4.4, “dEMAnd tiME” parameter).

• SEt > EnErGY > StorE = all: Momentary values are saved at the selected sampling rate and mean power values are saved at the end of each dEMAnd tiME observation period (see section 6.4.4, “dEMAnd tiME” parameter).

Ð Set the dEMAnd tiME interval for memory mode operation

before you start recording.

24 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Measurements: V/Hz/dB – PQ/ – MHz/% – /nS/RSL

– / –

Temp – /m – W/Wh – A/Hz/thd

5 Measurements

5.1 Voltage Measurement

Notes Regarding Voltage Measurement

• The multimeter may only be operated with installed batteries or rechargeable batteries. Dangerous voltages are otherwise not indicated, and the instrument may be damaged.

• The multimeter may only be operated by persons who are capable of recognizing contact hazards and taking the appropriate safety precautions. Contact hazards exist anywhere, where voltages of greater than 33 V (RMS) may occur. The test probes may only be only gripped up to the finger guard. Do not touch the metallic test probes under any circumstances.

• Avoid working alone when taking measurements which involve contact hazards. Be certain that a second person is present.

• Maximum permissible voltage between the connector sockets, (9 and 10) and ground (8) is 600 V for measuring category III and 300 V for measuring category IV. An acoustic signal is generated at a display value of greater than 600.0 V in the 600 V range (intermittent acoustic signal: 250 ms on, 250 ms off).

• Power limiting: < 6 x 10

• Be prepared for the occurrence of unexpected voltages at devices under test (e.g. defective devices). For example, capacitors may be dangerously charged.

• No measurements may be made with this instrument in electrical circuits with corona discharge (high-voltage).

• Special care is required when measurements are made in HF electrical circuits. Dangerous pulsating voltages may be present.

Volts x Hertz.

• Be aware of the fact that dangerous voltage spikes are not displayed during measurement with the low-pass filter. We recommend measuring voltage without the low-pass filter first, in order to be able to detect any dangerous voltages.

• With the rotary switch in the V position, the instrument is always in the 6 V measuring range immediately after it’s switched on. As soon a the MAN / AUTO key is pressed, and assuming the measured value is less than 600 mV, the instrument is switched to the mV measuring range.

Scope of Functions, Voltage Measurement

Function

V AC / Hz TRMS, dB (Ri  9 M)

V AC / TP-Filter 1 kHz (Ri  9 M) TRMS

V AC+DC TRMS (Ri  9 M)

V DC (Ri  17 M)

MHz at 5 V AC

Duty cycle as %

Frequency bandwidth

A 1 kHz low-pass filter can be used in this case, in order to filter out high frequency pulses of greater than 1 kHz, for example when performing measurements at pulsed motor drives.



  

100 kHz

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 25

Measurements: V/Hz/dB – PQ/ – MHz/% – /nS/RSL

Note

COM

V Tem p



– (+)

+ (–)

V= : 60 mV 600 V

20,000

TRMS

20,000

> 30 V AC or > 35 V DC:

> 600 V:

Warnings regarding dangerous

max. 600 V (< 10 kHz)

V: 600 mV 600 V

max. 100 V (> 10 kHz)

max

= 6 x 106 V x Hz

Measuring ranges:

000000

20.000 00:00:00

Cf: 01.0

EVENTS

MAN

000000

00.000 00:00:00

EVENTS

MAN

TRMS

voltage:

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

CL ip = 0FF

CF: 1.0 ... 11.0

5.1.1 Direct Voltage, Pulsating Voltage and Crest Factor Measurement – V DC, V (DC+AC) and CF

– / –

Temp – /m – W/Wh – A/Hz/thd

Set the CL iP parameter to 0FF in the current clamp setup menu. Otherwise all measured values are displayed in amperes, corrected by the amount resulting from the selected transformation ratio for an interconnected current clamp sensor. The clamp symbol is also displayed. Refer to section 6.4, “Entering Parameters – SETUP Menu” regarding adjustment.

Ð In accordance with the voltage to be measured, turn the rotary

switch to V or V .

Ð Connect the measurement cables as shown.

The “” connector jack should be grounded.

An intermittent acoustic signal warns the operator if the measured value exceeds the upper range limit in the 600 V range.

Make sure that a current measuring range (“A”) has not been activated when the multimeter is connected for voltage measurement! If the fuse’s blowing limits are exceeded as a result of operator error, both the operator and the instrument are in danger!

With the rotary switch in the V position (auto-ranging), the multimeter is always in the 6 V measuring range immediately after it’s switched on. As soon a the MAN / AUTO key is pressed, and assuming the measured value is less than 600 mV, the instrument is switched to the 600 mV measuring range. Press the to switch to the 60 mV measuring range.

26 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

 key in order

Measurements: V/Hz/dB – PQ/ – MHz/% – /nS/RSL

Note

60 mV range:

Thermovoltages occur in the event of temperature fluctuation, which appear as additional voltage offset. It may be necessary to repeat zero offsetting in order to achieve the specified degree of accuracy.

Crest Factor Display

Crest factor is displayed for voltages in the V (AC+DC) function along with the measured voltage value. The voltage value is measured simultaneously in a separate measuring circuit to this end, and crest factor is displayed within a range of 1.0 to 11.0.

This value indicates the quality of the applied signal. The only prerequisite is a periodic signal with a valid frequency (see table).

– / –

Temp – /m – W/Wh – A/Hz/thd

Measuring range: 1.0

 CF  11.0; resolution: 0.1

Typical (not specified) maximum deviation for U  5% of the measuring range:

Frequency CF  3.0 3.0 < CF  5.0 5.0 < CF  10.0

10 to 70 Hz  02 02 05

70 to 440 Hz 02 05 Not valid

440 Hz to 1 kHz 05 Not valid Not valid

> 1 kHz: Not valid Not valid Not valid

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 27

Measurements: V/Hz/dB – PQ/ – MHz/% – /nS/RSL

20.000

TRMS

20.000

000. 000

20,000 00:00:00

Cf: 01.0

EVENTS

MAN

000. 000

00,000 00:00:00

EVENTS

MAN

TRMS

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

CL ip = 0FF

Number of elements

Time elapsed since recording start

Event value

DC coupling

Number of elements

Time elapsed since recording start

Event value

AC coupling

(sampling rate: 0.5 s / 1 ms)

(sampling rate: 0.5 s)

Total time for all eventsOn

DATA/MIN/MAX

MEASURE

SETUP

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

Events Recording “EVEntS” Events recording can be activated with DC or AC coupling in the

– / –

Temp – /m – W/Wh – A/Hz/thd

V DC switch position. The auto-ranging function is deactivated, and the respective valid measuring range must be selected manually in the left-hand auxiliary display.

The following can be measured and displayed:

• Number of events

An event is recorded whenever at least 1 measured value has fallen short of the L-trig threshold and subsequently at least 1 measured value has exceeded the H-trig threshold.

Voltage signals with a repetition frequency of less than 500 Hz or 2 Hz are recorded (event rate or period of 0.001 s or 0.5 s).

• Total time for all events

Time during which measured voltage was above the upper trigger threshold.

• Total time elapsed since event recording was started

Event Recording Parameter with DC Coupling – DC Sampling Rate

Ð Enter the desired sampling rate in the parameter settings

menu:

1nFo  ...  SET system  ...  events

events trig / events rate DC 

events rate : 0 .. 001 /0.. 5 s



28 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

Measurements: V/Hz/dB – PQ/ – MHz/% – /nS/RSL

Note

MEASURE

SETUP

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

FUNC

ENTER

1 ms sampling is executed with reduced resolution and accuracy (approx. 1% of the measuring range under reference conditions).

Events Measurement Parameter – Trigger Thresholds

Ð Enter upper threshold H-trig and lower threshold L-trig in digits in

the parameter settings menu (see table with examples below):

 ...  SET system  ...  events

1nFo

events rate DC / events trig

h-trig set : -60000 ... +60000



– / –

Temp – /m – W/Wh – A/Hz/thd

Selecting the Measurement

Ð In accordance with the voltage to be measured, turn the rotary

switch to V or V .

Ð Manually select the measuring range for the event value in the

left-hand auxiliary display.

Ð Apply the signal as you would for a voltage measurement.

Ð Repeatedly press the multifunction key (FUNC | ENTER) until

EVENTS (DC) or EVENTS (AC) appears at the display.

You can switch back and forth between two times with the DATA/ MIN/MAX key:

Total time elapsed since event recording was started ON Total time of all events (voltage above H-triG)

l-trig set : -60000 ... +60000



Examples of Trigger Threshold Entries

Entered Value: H-trig or L-trig Trigger Threshold in Digits

20 000 02 000 00 200

Meas. range Effective trigger threshold

600 mV 200 mV 20 mV 2 mV

6 V 2 V 200 mV 20 mV

60 V 20 V 2 V 200 mV

600 V 200 V 20 V 2 V

GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH 29

Measurements: V/Hz/dB – PQ/ – MHz/% – /nS/RSL

Note

Attention!

– / –

Temp – /m – W/Wh – A/Hz/thd

5.1.2 Alternating Voltage and Frequency Measurement V AC and Hz with Selectable Low-Pass Filter, V AC + FILTER and dB V AC

6.4, “Entering Parameters – SETUP Menu” regarding adjustment.

Ð In accordance with the voltage or frequency to be measured,

turn the rotary switch to V~.

Ð Connect the measurement cables as shown.

The “” connector jack should be grounded.

Voltage measurement

An intermittent acoustic signal warns the operator if the measured value exceeds the upper range limit in the 600 V range.

Make sure that a current measuring range (“A”) has not been activated, when the multimeter is connected for voltage measurement! If the fuse’s blowing limits are exceeded as a result of operator error, both the operator and the instrument are in danger!

Ð You can switch back and forth between voltage measurement

with and without low-pass filter.

Ð Repeatedly press the multifunction key (FUNC | ENTER) until the

unit of measure V, or V and FILTER, appears at the display.

section

Frequency Measurement

Signal frequency appears at the left-hand auxiliary display when the instrument executes alternating voltage measurements. A separate frequency measurement can be additionally performed by pressing the FUNC | ENTER key, which allows for use of the DATA and Min-Max functions.

If the measuring signal is too low, switch manually to a lower range.

Lowest measurable frequencies and maximum allowable voltages are listed in section 8, “Technical Data”.

For measurements close to the trigger threshold: display error or zero. Select a lower voltage measuring range. In the case of measured values which are many times greater than the expected results, the input signal may be distorted. If this is the case, perform a measurement with activated 1 kHz low-pass filter.

Measurement with Low-Pass Filter

Be aware of the fact that dangerous voltage spikes are not displayed during this type of measurement (see also “Voltage Comparator”. We recommend measuring voltage without the low-pass filter first, in order to be able to detect any dangerous voltages.

A 1 kHz low-pass filter can be activate if required, in order to filter out high frequency pulses of greater than 1 kHz, for example when performing measurements at pulsed motor drives, i.e. undesired voltages of greater than 1 kHz can be suppressed.

30 GMC-I Messtechnik GmbH

+ 70 hidden pages

Gossen Metrawatt M249A, METRAHIT ENERGY User guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1 Safety Features and Precautions

1.1 Use for Intended Purpose

1.2 Meanings of Danger Symbols

1.3 Meanings of Acoustic Warning Signals

Operating Overview – Connections, Keys, Rotary Switch, Symbols

3 Initial Start-Up

3.1 Inserting Batteries or Rechargeable Batteries

3.2 Switching the Instrument On

3.3 Setting the Operating Parameters

3.4 Switching the Instrument Off

4 Control Functions

4.1 Selecting Measuring Functions and Measuring Ranges

4.1.1 Automatic Measuring Range Selection (auto-ranging)

4.1.2 Manual Measuring Range Selection

4.1.3 Peak Value Monitoring for Automatic and Manual Measuring Range Selection

4.1.4 Quick Measurements (MAN or DATA function)

4.2 Zero Offset / Relative Measurements – ZERO/Delta REL Function

4.3 Display (LCD)

4.4 Measured Value Storage: DATA (auto-hold / compare)

4.4.1 Saving Minimum and Maximum Values – Min/Max Function

4.5 Measurement Data Recording – Memory Mode Operation, STORE Menu Function

4.5.1 Rapid Momentary Value Acquisition for U DC and I DC

4.5.2 Power and Energy Measurement in the Memory Mode

5 Measurements

5.1 Voltage Measurement

5.1.1 Direct Voltage, Pulsating Voltage and Crest Factor Measurement – V DC, V (DC+AC) and CF

5.1.2 Alternating Voltage and Frequency Measurement V AC and Hz with Selectable Low-Pass Filter, V AC + FILTER and dB V AC