Ƚɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɩɥɢɬɚ RU
ɍɜɚɠɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ!
Ƚɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ
ɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɦ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɦɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦ
ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɢɫɬɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
(ɪɟɰɢɤɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ), ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɚɬɶ ɛɟɡ
ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ.
Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ
ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ȼɚɲɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɥɚ
ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ, ɫɞɚɣɬɟ ɟɺ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɫɛɨɪɭ
ɨɬɫɥɭɠɢɜɲɢɯ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ.
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ
ɞɥɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ.
ȼ ɧɺɦ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦ. Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɢɬ,
ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɚɲ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ.
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭ, ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɦɭ ɤ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭ, ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦ ɢ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɱɤɚ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɱɤɚ ɫ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ
ɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ.
Ƚɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɩɥɢɬɚ................................................................ 3
ɍɜɚɠɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ!
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɱɤɚ
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ .......................................... 4
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ..................................... 4
ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɜɚɪɤɢ ........................ 4
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ
ɜɚɪɤɢ
ɉɪɢɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɉɨɫɭɞɚ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɍɯɨɞ ɢ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ..............................6
Ɇɟɫɬɚ ɜɚɪɤɢ
ɍɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ .. 7
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ
ȼɚɠɧɨ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɭ .............................. 8
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ
Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɜɵɪɟɡɚ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ
ɉɨɫɬɭɩɨɤ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɉɟɪɟɞɟɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɝɚɡɚ
ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɫɨɩɥ
3
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ
x Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ
ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɝɚɡɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ.
x ɉɪɢ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɜ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɚɬɫɹ
ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɢ ɜɥɚɝɚ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɝɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ
ɨɬɩɢɪɚɧɢɟ ɨɤɨɧ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ. ɉɪɢ
ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɢ ɞɨɥɶɲɟɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ
ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɟɣɲɟɟ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɬɹɠɤɢ.
x Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɣɬɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɝɚɡ ɧɟ ɝɨɪɢɬ ɫ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɦ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɟɬɟ ɝɚɡ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ,
ɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɚ ɝɚɡɚ
ɧɚ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɟ, ɩɨɝɚɫɢɬɟ
ɜɫɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɨɝɧɹ (ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɚɩɢɪɨɫɭ), ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ
ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɬɟ, ɧɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɡɨɜɢɬɟ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ
x Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɶ ɞɥɹ
ɩɨɞɜɨɞɚ ɝɚɡɚ
ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɟ ɞɨɥɲɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ (ɧɚɩɪ.ɨɬɶɟɡɞ ɜ
ɤɚɧɢɤɭɥɵ).
x ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɸɬɫɹ (ɨɤɨɥɨ ɦɟɫɬ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɢɳɢ). ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ., ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɟɬɢ ɧɟ
ɡɚɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɭ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ
ɭɜɟɞɨɦɢɬɟ ɢɯ ɨɛ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɠɨɝɨɜ.
ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ
ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɟ
x ɉɟɪɟɝɪɟɬɵɣ ɠɢɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɡɚɝɨɪɟɬɶɫɹ.
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɛɥɸɞɚ ɫ ɠɢɪɨɦ
ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ (ɧɚɩɪ. ɤɚɪɬɨɮɟɥɶ
ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɞ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ.
x ɇɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɦɟɫɬɚ
ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɧɟɬ
ɩɨɫɭɞɵ.
x Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɬɶ ɞɥɹ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ.
x ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ
ɨɬɤɥɸɱɬɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɨɬ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɚ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɩɨɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ
ɋɢɦɜɨɥ ɧɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ
ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɧɟ
ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ
ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ. ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɟɝɨ
ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɞɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ
ɩɪɢɟɦɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɋɨɛɥɸɞɚɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ȼɵ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬɟ
ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ
ɫɪɟɞɟ ɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɭɳɟɪɛɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ, ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɟɩɨɞɨɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ. Ɂɚ
ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨɛ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɶɛɚ
ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦ,
ɩɨ ɜɵɜɨɡɭ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɜ
ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ȼɵ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ.
ɮɪɢ)
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɜ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ
.
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ
Ɍɢɩ PVK61K… PVK62K…
Ƚɚɛɚɪɢɬɵ
ɜɵɫɨɬɚ/ɲɢɪɢɧɚ/ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ(ɦɦ)
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
Ɋɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɜɚɪɤɢ D = Ɍɪɨɣɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ B = ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ
ɋɡɚɞɢ ɥɟɜɨ 1,9/A 1,9/A
ɋɩɟɪɟɞɢ ɥɟɜɨ 3,5/D 3,0/B
ɋɩɟɪɟɞɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ 1,0/H 1,0/H
ɋɡɚɞɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ 1,9/A 1,9/A
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ (ɤȼɬ)
ɉɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɭ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɧɚ ɹɪɥɵɤɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɢ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɟ (ɩɪɚɜɨ)
Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ RUS = II2H3
Ʉɥɚɫɫɚ
4
A = ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ H = ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ
8,3 7,8
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
41/600/530
AC 230 V
AC 230 V, 50Hz
ISO 7-R1/2
UKR = II2H3
3
ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɜɚɪɤɢ
x
ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɜɚɪɤɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɪɭɱɟɤ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɥɢɟɬ. ɇɚ ɪɭɱɤɚɯ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ
ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɢ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɦ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɦ.
Ɋɭɱɤɭ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɞɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɢ
ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ. Ɋɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɨɛɨɢɦɢ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɚɦɢ.
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ
ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɜɚɪɤɢ
x ɇɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɣɬɟ ɦɟɫɬ ɜɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɧɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ!
x ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɟ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ
ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɚ ɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɠɟɥɚɟɬɟ ɩɢɳɭ ɡɚɩɟɱɶ, ɝɚɡɨɜɭɸ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ
ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɢɜɵɫɲɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ
ɩɨɬɨɦ ɜɚɪɤɭ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ
x ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɜ ɤɨɫɬɪɸɥɟ ɩɨɞ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ (
ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɢɫɩɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ
ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɣɬɢ ɞɨ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɫɬɪɸɥɢ ɢ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ.
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ
ɬɟɪɦɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɵ. ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɚɧɨ ɭɝɚɫɧɟɬ
(ɩɟɪɟɤɢɩɟɥɨ ɛɥɸɞɨ, ɫɤɜɨɡɧɹɤ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.), ɬɨ
ɩɪɢɯɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɩɪɺɬɫɹ.Ɍɚɤɢɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɯɨɞɭ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɭɝɚɫɧɟɬ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɶ
ɬɟɪɦɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɦɟɫɬ ɜɚɪɤɢ, ɬɨ ɝɚɡ ɭɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ!
x ɉɨɤɪɨɜ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɨɱɟɧɶ
ɬɨɱɧɨ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɨɧɭ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ. Ɉɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɨɧɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ
ɱɢɫɬɵɟ.
ɫɤɨɪɨɜɚɪɤɟ) ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ,
ɧɟɡɚɳɢɳɺɧɧɵɯ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɩɨɤɪɨɜ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɬɟɪɦɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɩɪɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ)
ɫɜɟɱɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɩɪɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ)
ɤɨɪɨɧɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
Ɋɨɡɠɢɝ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɫɜɟɱɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ ɜ
ɤɚɠɞɭɸ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ (ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ).
Ɉɞɧɨɪɭɱɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝ
(ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ)
Ⱦɥɹ ɪɨɡɠɢɝɚ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɪɭɱɤɭ
ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɢɫɤɪɚ ɫɜɟɱɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɠɢɝɚɟɬ
ɜɵɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɝɚɡ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɨɡɠɢɝ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɦɨɤɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɟɱɟɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ, ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɝɚɡ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɩɢɱɟɤ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɝɚɡɚ.
x ɉɨɫɥɟ ɪɨɡɠɢɝɚ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɟɳɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ 10 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ, ɩɨɤɚ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɟ ɡɚɠɠɟɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ 15
ɫɟɤɭɧɞ, ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ
ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɪɨɡɠɢɝ.
x Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ.
x ɇɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɪɭɱɤɭ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɭɬɶ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɩɨɝɚɫɥɨ, ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɪɨɡɠɢɝ.
x ȿɫɥɢ ɩɨ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɥɢɛɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɩɨɝɚɫɧɟɬ, ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟ
ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɪɨɡɠɢɝ.
x ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ! Ɋɚɡɠɢɝɚɬɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
(ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɬɪɨɣɧɨɣ ɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚɦ, ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤ ɦɢɧɢ-ɜɨɤɭ) ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɣ.
x Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ
ɜɩɪɚɜɨ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɝɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɤɪɚɧ ɡɚɤɪɵɬ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
. Ⱥɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ
ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟ
ɢ . ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ
(ȼɕɄɅ).
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ
ɱɚɫɬɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
5
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɥɢɬɭ
x
ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɧɚ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɧɚɞ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ (ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ).
ɇɚɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɲɺɬɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ, ɤɨɝɞɚ
ɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɛɥɸɞɨ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɟ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ. ȿɝɨ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɪɟɲɺɬɤɭ ɢɡɧɚɞ
ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ.
ɉɨɫɭɞɚ
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ
ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɚɪɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ.
ɋɚɦɵɣ ɜɚɠɧɵɣ ɟɫɬɶ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ.
əɡɵɤɢ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɤɪɚɣ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ, ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ. Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɟɧ ɩɪɢ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ
ɩɨɫɭɞɟ ɢ ɤɩɞ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɶɲɢɣ.
ɇɚɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɲɺɬɤɢ (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ)
ɍɯɨɞ ɢ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ
Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɬɺɩɥɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ, ɠɢɞɤɢɦ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ. ɇɟ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɝɪɭɛɵɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ
ɨɫɬɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ. Ɂɚɫɨɯɲɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɠɠɺɧɧɵɟ
ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɢɳɢ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɢɬɟ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ ɢ
ɫɦɹɝɱɢɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ.
ɑɚɫɬɢ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ. ɑɢɫɬɹɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ
ɧɚɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɭɯɨɣ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ
ɜɩɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɪɹɩɤɢ ɜ ɬɨɧɤɨɦ ɫɥɨɟ ɧɚ
ɯɨɥɨɞɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɧɟɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɜ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ.
Ɂɚɫɨɯɲɢɟ ɩɹɬɧɚ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ ɢ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ ɩɨɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɫɭɯɨɣ
ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ ɞɨ ɛɥɟɫɤɚ. ɗɬɢ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ
ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɹ.
Ɇɟɫɬɚ ɜɚɪɤɢ
ɫɭɯɭɸ ɢ
Ɍɢɩ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɞɧɚ
Ȼɨɥɶɲɚɹ (3,0 ɤȼɬ)
ɇɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ (1,9 ɤȼɬ)
Ɇɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹ (1,0 ɤȼɬ)
Ɍɪɨɣɧɚɹ (3,5 ɤȼɬ)
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ: ɉɨɤɪɨɜɵ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɢ ɱɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɰɜɟɬɚ. ɂɡ-ɡɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɛɟɱɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ
ɰɜɟɬɚ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ.
ɩɨɫɭɞɵ
220-260 ɦɦ
180-220 ɦɦ
120-180 ɦɦ
220-260 ɦɦ
x Ⱦɥɹ ɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɲɺɬɤɢ, ɦɟɫɬɚ ɜɚɪɤɢ
ɢ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɬɶ
ɝɨɪɹɱɭɸ ɜɨɞɭ ɫ ɞɨɛɚɜɤɨɣ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
ɞɥɹ ɦɵɬɶɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ.
x Ɍɟɪɦɨɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɜɟɱɤɭ
ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɳɟɬɨɱɤɢ. ɗɬɢ
ɱɚɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɱɢɫɬɵɟ, ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ
ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ.
x Ɉɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɤɨɪɨɧɭ ɢ ɩɨɤɪɨɜ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ. Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ
ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɥɢ
ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɟ
ɨɱɢɳɟɧɵ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɪɨɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɢ
ɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ
ɧɚɡɚɞ. ɂɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɩɪɢɠɟɱɶ ɬɹɠɟɥɟɟ.
6
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɨɧɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɍɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ
Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ. Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ
ɧɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɞɨ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɨɣ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɩɥɢɬɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ,
ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɹ ɢɥɢ
ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ.
ɇɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɫɹɝɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ
ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɨɩɚɫɧɵ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɢ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɹ.
Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ ɢɥɢ
ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ.
ȼɚɠɧɨ
ɍɫɥɭɝɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɨɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɥɚɬɢɬɶ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ,
ɟɫɥɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ.
ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɢ ɜ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɨɬɞɚɺɬɟ ɜ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ,
ɜɪɭɱɢɬɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ.
Ⱦɚɥɶɲɟ ɧɚɣɞɟɬɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ
ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ.
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɢ
ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɯ, ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɥɢ ɫɚɦɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɫɚɦɢ.
ɑɬɨ ɫɥɭɱɢɥɨɫɶ ... ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ ɍɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ
... ɟɫɥɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɟ ɝɨɪɹɬ
ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɨɫɶ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɪɭɱɤɭ
ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɞɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɭɝɚɫɧɟɬ ɩɨɫɥɟ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɚ ɰɜɟɬ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɚ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ
ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ?
... ɟɫɥɢ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɵ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɵ?
ɂɡ-ɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɝɚɡɚ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɟ.
ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɱɚɫɬɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɱɚɫɬɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɋɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɧɚɠɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɪɭɱɤɢ
ɋɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɧɟɠɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɧɢɟ
ɪɭɱɤɢ
Ɉɛɵɱɧɨɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
ɉɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧ. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ ɜ
Ɉɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɢɳɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ
ɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɫɜɟɱɤɨɣ ɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ
Ɉɛɵɱɧɨɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ Ɉɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɵ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɝɚɡɚ!
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ!
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ!
Ⱦɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɞɨɥɶɲɟ
ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɟɺ
ɦɨɳɧɨ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ.
Ɉɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ
ɞɥɹ ɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ
ɲɤɚɮɱɢɤɟ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɢ
ɟɝɨ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ.
Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɢ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɫɜɟɱɤɨɣ ɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
7
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɭ
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ
x Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɢ
ɝɚɡɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ.
x Ɉɛɥɢɰɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɮɚɧɟɪɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɤɢ ɢɡ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɨɣɤɢɦɢ ɤɥɟɹɦɢ
(100°C), ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɢɡɤɚɹ
ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɤɥɟɟɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ
ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɤɢ.
x ɇɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɜɭɸɳɚɹ
ɜɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ ɧɚɞ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ ɲɢɪɢɧɵ 600 ɦɦ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ.
x ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɹɳɢɤɨɦ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ
ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɤɭ,ɨɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ 10 ɫɦ ɨɬ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɤɨɣ ɢ
ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜɚɪɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɭɫɬɵɦ ɢ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɧɟ
ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ.
x ȼɵɫɹɳɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
ɬɚɤɨɣ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ.
x Ɋɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɜɵɬɹɠɤɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ
ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɭ
ɜɵɬɹɠɤɢ. ɇɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ – 650 ɦɦ.
x ɇɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɚɺɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɢ
ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɦ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ
ɦɟɧɟɟ 100 ɦɦ.
x ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɩɥɢɬɚɯ ɡɚɦɵɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɥɚɧɨɤ
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɫɬ
ɢɡ
ɜɚɪɤɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɨ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ
ɨɫɬɚɧɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɚɯ
ɩɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ.
x Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ
ɩɥɢɬɨɣ ɢ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɨɣ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɩɨ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ.
x ɇɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ
ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 30 - 50 ɦɦ.
ɜ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɟ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ ɩɨɞ
x ȿɫɥɢ
ɜɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɹɳɢɤ,
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɢ ɧɚɞ
ɹɳɢɤɨɦ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ
ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɨɞɤɭ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ 6 ɫɦ.
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɚɧɵ ɧɚ
ɞɥɹ
Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɜɵɪɟɡɚ ɞɥɹ
ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɥɢɬɵ
x ɉɨɞ ɜɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɦɭɸ ɝɚɡɨɜɭɸ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɜɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ
ɞɭɯɨɜɨɤ ɬɢɩɨɜ EVP4…, ɫ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɦ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ.
x ɉɟɪɟɞ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɨɦ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ
ɡɚɞɧɸɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ
6 ɦɦ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ.
ɉɨɫɬɭɩɨɤ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ
x Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɨɜɧɨɦ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ.
x ȼɵɪɟɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɶ.
x ɉɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ (4) ɫ
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɜɢɧɬɚɦɢ (4) ɩɪɢɜɟɣɬɟ ɤ
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɢ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɟ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɥɢɬɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɪɟɡ.
x ɇɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɤ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ (ɫɦɨɬɪɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɤ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɤ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɭ ɝɚɡɚ).
ɧɢɠɧɢɣ ɤɪɚɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ
x ɇɚ
ɩɪɢɤɥɟɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɣ ɤɥɟɣɤɢɣ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɶ.
x ɇɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɜ
ɜɵɪɟɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ
8
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
x ɇɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ
ɜɧɢɡ ɩɪɢɠɚɬɶ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɥɢɬɟ.
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɤɥɟɦɦɭ: ɟɺ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɨɬɜɟɪɬɤɢ ɢ ɟɺ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɬɢɫɧɢɬɟ ɜɧɢɡ.
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɪɜɢɫ ɢɥɢ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɨɧɬɟɪ!
ȼɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɢ ɜ
ɬɚɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ
ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɸ!
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ,
ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɟɬ ɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ, ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ. ɋɟɬɟɜɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ (230
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ!
ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ N) ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
x ɋɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɟ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɬɚɤɢɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɤɨɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɟ
ɩɥɢɬɵ. ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ
ɡɚɞɧɹɹ ɫɬɟɧɤɚ ɫɨɝɪɟɟɬɫɹ.
x Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɬɶ
ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɢ (ɬɢɩ
HO5RR-F ɫ ɡɟɥɟɧɨ-ɠɺɥɬɵɦ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɦ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ), ɉȼɏ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ (ɬɢɩ
HO5VV-F ɫ ɡɟɥɟɧɨ-ɠɺɥɬɵɦ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɦ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ) ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɰɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ
ɥɭɱɲɟɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ
x ɍɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɚɹ.
x Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨɞ
ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɡɨɜɢɬɟ
ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɭɸ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɤɭɸ.
ɤɚɛɟɥɢ.
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
9
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɤ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɭ ɝɚɡɚ
ȼɚɠɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ
x ɗɬɨɬ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ
ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦɢ, ɨɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɬɶɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɥɢ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ.
x ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
(ɜɢɞ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɡɚ) ɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵ.
x ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ.
x ɗɬɨɬ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɧɟ
ɞɥɹ ɨɬɜɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ (ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞ).
Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ
ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ
ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
x Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ
ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɚ ɝɚɡɚ.
x ɋɧɢɡɭ ɧɚ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪ ɞɥɹ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɝɚɡɭ ɫ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ ISO 7-1 R1/2”.
x Ʉ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɬɪɭɛɨɤ ɞɥɹ
ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ ɧɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɶ.
x ɉɪɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ
ɤɨɥɟɧɨ R, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɨ ɧɟ ɜɪɚɳɚɥɨɫɶ.
x Ⱦɥɹ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ
ɧɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɵɟ
ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ. ɍɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ. Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ
ɩɥɨɫɤɢɯ ɧɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨ
ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 25%.
x Ʉ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɝɚɡɚ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ
ɲɥɚɧɝɚ.
x Ƚɢɛɤɢɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹ
ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
(ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɹɳɢɤɨɜ), ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɞɧɚ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ, ɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɶɫɹ.
xɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɞ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɚ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ;
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɢɛɤɢɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ
(ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɝɢɛɤɢɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ
ɫɬɚɥɢ). ɉɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɢɛɤɢɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ ɧɟ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɢ
ɞɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ.
Ⱥɞɚɩɬɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɝɚɡɭ
A Ⱥɞɚɩɬɟɪ ISO7-1 R1/2
B ɇɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɶ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ 2 ɦɦ
C ɉɚɬɪɭɛɨɤ ɞɥɹ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ, ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɥɢ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ. əɞɪɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɨ ɜ ɡɟɥɟɧɨ-ɝɨɥɭɛɨɣ ɰɜɟɬ. ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ
ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɟ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɵɫɶɬɟ
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ. Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɸ, ɤɚɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚɦɢ ɢ
ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ.
10
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɉɟɪɟɞɟɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɝɚɡɚ
x ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɟɞɟɥɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɝɚɡɚ, ɧɟ
ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɥɢɬɭ.
x ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɟɞɟɥɤɨɣ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɨɬ
ɷɥ.ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɜɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ.
x Ɂɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɫɨɩɥɚ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ
ɫɨɩɥɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɝɚɡɚ (ɫɦ.ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ).
x Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɞɥɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɟɥɤɟ ɧɚ
ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɩɪɢɜɟɣɬɟ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɰɚ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ
ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ.
x Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɞɥɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɟɥɤɟ ɧɚ
ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɨɬɜɟɣɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɶ
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ, ɧɨ ɧɟ
ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɱɟɦ ɡɚ 1,5 ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚ.
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 1)
1 ɉɨɤɪɨɜ ɤɨɪɨɧɵ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
2 Ʉɨɪɨɧɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɫ
ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɚ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
3 Ɍɟɪɦɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ
(ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
1
ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ)
4 Ɂɚɠɢɝɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɜɟɱɤɚ
5 ɋɨɩɥɨ
Ɍɪɨɣɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 2)
5 ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɚ
ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɞɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ:
x ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɭɳɭɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɵ
ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɫ ɤɨɪɨɧɨɣ.
x ɉɪɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɟ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɨɣ
ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɥɚ.
x Ʉɥɚɜɢɲɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ
ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ.
Ƚɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɤɪɚɧ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 3)
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɞɥɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
2
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
11
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɫɨɩɥ
y
y
y
y
Ɍɢɩ, ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɡɚ Ɇɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɇɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɑɢɫɥɨ ȼɨɛɛɟ ɋɬɚɧɞɚ-ɪɬɧɚɹ ɗɤɫ-ɩɪɟɫɫ
ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ H
Wo=45,7
54,7 MJ/ m
ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ E , Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ, ɥ/ɱ 95,21 34,4 95,21 34,4 180,9 43,8 285,64 72,4 333,2 148,5
ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ E+
Wo=40,9
54,7 MJ/m
G20,
p=20mbar
ɋɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ 3+,
3B/P
Wo=72,9
87,3MJ/m
G30
p=30 mbar
ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ H
Wo=45,7
54,7 MJ/ m
G20, Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ, ɥ/ɱ 95,21 34,4 95,21 34,4 180,9 43,8 285,64 72,4 333,2 148,5
p=13mbar Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ,
3
ɤȼɬ
,
Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ (1/100 ɦɦ)
3
ɒɢɮɪ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ 162081 162082 162083 162084 162085
ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ,
ɤȼɬ
3
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ, ɝ/ɱ 71,7 26,2 71,7 26,2 138,1 33,4 215,0 55,3 254,5 113,4
Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ (1/100 ɦɦ)
ɒɢɮɪ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ 162162 162162 162164 162165 162166
ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɬɟɩɥɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ,
3
ɤȼɬ
,
ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ (1/100 ɦɦ)
ɒɢɮɪ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɢ 162165 161169 162171 162172 162173
max min max min max min max min max min
1 0,36 1 0,36 1,90 0,46 3 0,76 3,5 1,56
77 - 78 - 104 - 129 - 140
1 0,36 1 0,36 1,90 0,46 3 0,76 3,5 1,56
50 29/24 50 29/24 69 33/26 87 43/33 93 57/57
1 0,36 1 0,36 1,90 0,46 3 0,76 3,5 1,56
85 - 85 - 115 - 145 - 157
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ
x Ⱦɥɹ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɜɢɧɬɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɧɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ (ɨɬɜɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɡɚ 1,5 ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ
ɧɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ).
Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɢɠɧɢɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɝɚɡɚ Hi.
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ: ɷɬɭ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ, ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɣ
ɞɢɫɬɪɢɛɶɸɬɨɪɨɦ ɝɚɡɚ ɢɥɢ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɋɟɪɜɢɫɨɦ
Ȼɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ Ɍɪɨɣɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ
x
x
ɉɊɂȾȿɊɀɂȼȺȿɆ ɁȺ ɋɈȻɈɃ ɉɊȺȼɈ ɇȺ ɂɁɆȿɇȿɇɂə, ɄɈɌɈɊɕȿ ɇȿȼɅɂəɘɌ ɇȺ
ɎɍɇɄɐɂɈɇɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ȺɉɉȺɊȺɌȺ.
12
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
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