Gorenje GS53314W User Manual [ru]
GS53314W
GS53314XS
GS53314X
GS54314W
GS54314XS
RU
Ɉɬɫ ɟɤ A
Ɉɬɫ ɟɤ B
Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɦɵɬɶɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɵɬɶɟɦ
ɋɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ
.
.
( !)
Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ C
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɟɫɥɢ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ).
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɨɩɨɥɚɫɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɹ.
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɨɥɢ.
Ɂɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɟ ɤɨɪɡɢɧɵ.
ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ.
Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ, ɨɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɵɣ ɤɪɚɧ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɌȺɊɌ/ɉȺɍɁȺ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ 10 ɦɢɧɭɬ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɫɹ ɰɢɤɥ ɦɨɣɤɢ.
.Ɂɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɤɪɚɧ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ
ɜɨɞɵ, ɜɵɧɶɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɢɡ
ɦɚɲɢɧɵ.
Ɂɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɟ ɦɨɸɳɟɟ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ
ɞɥɹ ɦɨɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ.
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ! ɉɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɢɧɭɬ (ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 15) ɩɟɪɟɞ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɞɨɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧɢ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɟ. Ƚɨɪɹɱɚɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ
ɛɨɥɟɟ ɯɪɭɩɤɚɹ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɪɚɡɛɢɬɶɫɹ. Ʉ ɬɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɫɹ.
ȼɵɝɪɭɠɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɤɨɪɡɢɧɵ.
,
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚ ɦɦɵ .
Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɜ
ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɭɸ
ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
ɍɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɢɳɢ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ ɡɚɦɨɱɢɬɟ ɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɤɢ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ
ɨɫɬɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɨɞɝɨɪɟɜɲɢɟ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɢɳɢ. ɉɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ.
ɇɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɨɪɢɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ
(ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ «ɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ»).
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɦɵɬɶɹ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 8 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɡɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ,
ɡɚɬɟɦ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ.
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɜɤɥ./ɜɵɤɥ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ
ɦɵɬɶɹ .
ȿɫɥɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɥɚɫɶ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɵɬɶɹ, ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɧɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɹ.
ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ.
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɜɤɥ./ɜɵɤɥ. ɞɥɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
1.ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɌȺɊɌ/ɉȺɍɁȺ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
2.Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
3.Ɂɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɟ ɡɚɛɵɬɭɸ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ.
4.Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɌȺɊɌ/ɉȺɍɁȺ, ɦɚɲɢɧɚ
ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ 10 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.
ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɚɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ.
1.ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɭɫɬɹ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɟɟ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ. ɂɧɚɱɟ ɧɚɞɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɦɨɸɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ.
2.ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɌȺɊɌ/ɉȺɍɁȺ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɧɟ
ɦɟɧɟɟ -ɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɦɟɧɵ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.
3.ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ.
4 ɋɧɨɜɚ
ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
3
(Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɫ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɟɫɥɢ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ).
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɫɨɥɢ (ɜ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ), ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɫɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɭɠɧɨ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɞɨɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɭ ɫɨɥɶɸ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ ɦɨɣɤɢ..)
Ⱦɜɟɪɰɭ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ
ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɠɨɝɨɜ
ɝɨɪɹɱɢɦ ɩɚɪɨɦ.
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɜɧɨɫɢɬɶ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɭɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɢɹ.
.... ...... ........ ....3
Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦ ɚɲɢɧɵ
Ⱥ. ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɥ ɹ ɫɦɹ ɝɱɟ ɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ
.. ....... .... .... .... .4
............. ...... .............. ...... ...... ........ ...... ..........9
ɇɚ ɱɬɨ ɨɛ ɪɚɬɢɬ ɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚ ɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɤɨ ɪɡɢɧ
....... ...... ...... ...... ........ ...... 13
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰ ɢɢ
....... ...... ...... .. .14.
ɍɯɨɞ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦ ɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲ ɢɧɨɣ
Ȼ. Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɥɢ ɜ ɭɫɬ ɪɨɣ ɫɬɜ ɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɦ ɹɝɱɟɧɢ ɹ ɜɨɞɵ
....... ...... ...... .............. ...... ...... ........ ...... ..........5
ȼ. Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢ ɟ ɨɩɨɥɚɫ ɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɫɩɟ ɰɢɚ ɥɶɧɨɟ
ɨɬɞɟɥ ɟɧɢ ɟ
....... ...... ...... .................... ...... ........ ..5
Ƚ. Ɇɨɸɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞ ɫɬɜɨ
....... ........ ...... ........ ...... .......6
....... ...... ...... ...... .. ...... ...... ....11
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ
.... ...... ........ .12
ȼɤ ɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨ ɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
.... ...... .... .... ...... 12....
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢ ɟ ɩ ɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɵɬɶɹ
....... ...... .............. 12.... ...
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɦ ɵɬɶɹ
............. ...... .... ...... 1 5.. .... ...
Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɛɨɪɚ
.... .............. ...... .....16
ɉɨɞɤ ɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ
.... .............. ...... . ....15.
ɉɨɞɤ ɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟ ɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
....... ...... ...... .......1 7
Ɂɚɩɭɫɤ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
....... ...... ...18
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɨɛɪ ɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɦ ɜ ɫɟɪɜ ɢɫɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ
.... ...... .............. ...... ...... ... ...... ....19.Ʉɨɞɵ ɨ ɲɢɛɨɤ
.... ...... ........ ...... ...... .20..
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤ ɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢ ɹ
ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
............. ...... .............. ...... .....3
Ɂɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɨɛ ɵɱɧɨɣ ɩ ɨɫɭɞɵ
..... ...... ...... ...... .......... 10
ɍɜɚɠɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɶ!
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɜ
ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ,
ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ:
– ɤɭɯɧɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɰɟɯɚɯ, ɨɮɢɫɚɯ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ɫɥɭɠɟɛɧɵɯ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ,
– ɠɢɥɵɯ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɜ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ,
– ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɚɯ, ɦɨɬɟɥɹɯ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ.
ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɟɪɟɞ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɚɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ
ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɢ ɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ.
Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦ ɭɸ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɨɜɨɦɭ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɭ ɧɟ
ɡɚɛɭɞɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ
ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɬ. ɩ.
.
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ
ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɭ
«ɉɨɢɫɤ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ» .
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦɢ,
ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ.
ƽ
ɗɬɨɬ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɨɦɤɢ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɬɨɤɨɦ. ɗɬɨɬ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɲɧɭɪɨɦ ɫ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ ɢ ɫɨɨɬ ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ
ɜɢɥɤɨɣ.
ɒɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɢɥɤɚ ɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɢ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɚ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɢ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ.
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɢɠɟ.
ɇɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ȽɉɁɈ)
ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɭɞɚɪɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨɤɨɦ
Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɭ
ɢɥɢ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ, ɟɫɥɢ ɭ
ɜɚɫ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɢ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɹ, ɱɬɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɨ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ. ɇɟ
ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɢɥɤɢ,
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ
ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ. Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɭ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɭɸ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.
.
Ɂɚ ɩɪɟɳ ɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɞɟɬɶ, ɜɫɬɚɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɪɰɭ ɢ ɤɨɪɡɢɧɵ
ɩɨ ɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚ ɲɢɧɵ .
ɇɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫ ɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɧɚ ɝɪɟɜ ɚɬɟɥ ɶɧɨ ɦ ɭ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɭ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɛ ɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫ ɥɟ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɵ
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɤ ɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɧ ɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɩɪ ɢɛɨɪɚɦ ɫ ɨɬɤ ɪɵɬɵ ɦ
ɧɚɝɪɟ ɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ
ɇɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɭ ɸ ɦ ɚɲɢɧ ɭ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɜɫɟ
ɩɪ ɢɥɚ ɝɚɟɦɵɟ ɩɚ ɧɟɥɢ ɤɨɪɩ ɭɫɚ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢ ɦ
ɨɛ ɪɚɡɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧ ɨɜɥɟɧɵ. Ȼɭɞ ɶɬɟ ɜɧ ɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ ɩ ɪɢ ɨɬ ɤɪɵ ɜɚɧɢ ɢ
ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɦɚ ɲɢɧɵ : ɫɭɳ ɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɢ ɫɤ
ɪɚɡɛɪɵɡɝɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ.
ɇɟ ɤɥ ɚɞɢɬɟ ɬɹɠɟɥ ɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɧɚ ɨɬɤɪ ɵɬɭɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ, ɬɚ ɤ ɤ ɚɤ
ɩɨ ɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɚɹ ɦɚɲ ɢɧɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɩɪ ɨɤɢɧɭɬɶɫ ɹ ɜɩɟ ɪɟɞ.
ɉɪ ɢ ɡ ɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɜ ɦɚɲ ɢɧɭ
Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɨɫɬ ɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞ ɦ ɟɬɵ ɬɚɤ , ɱɬɨ ɛ ɵ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɥɢ ɭɩɥɨɬɧ ɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɜ ɟɪɰ ɵ;
2) ɉɪ ɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧ ɢɟ ɇɨɠɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɫ ɨɫ ɬɪɵ ɦɢ
ɤɪɚɹɦ ɢ ɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɜ ɤɨɪɡɢ ɧɭ ɨɫɬɪɵɦɢ ɤɪ ɚɹɦ ɢ ɜɧɢɡ
ɢɥɢ
ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɜ ɝɨɪ ɢɡɨɧɬɚ ɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟ ɧɢɢ .
ɋɥ ɟɞɢɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛ ɵ ɩ ɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ ɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ ɧɟ
ɫɨ ɩ ɪɢɤ ɚɫɚɥɢ ɫɶ ɫ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟ ɧɬɨɦ. (Ⱦ ɚɧɧɨɟ
ɭɤ ɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢ ɬɫ ɹ ɤ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬ ɵɦ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨ ɦ.)
ɉɨ ɫɥɟ ɡɚ ɜɟɪ ɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɵɬɶ ɹ ɭ ɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ
ɦɨ ɸɳɟ ɝɨ ɫɪ ɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɭɫɬɨ.
ɇɟ ɦɨɣɬɟ ɩ ɨɫɭɞɭ ɢɡ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɚ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɧɟɣ ɧɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɨɤ , ɱɬɨ
ɨɧ ɚ ɩ ɨɞ ɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɦɵɬɶɹ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱ ɧɨɣ
ɦɚɲɢɧ ɟ.
ɂɫ ɩɨɥ ɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥ ɶɤɨ ɦɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫ ɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɩɨɥɚɫɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɢ,
ɩɪ ɟɞ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟ ɧɧɵ ɟ ɞɥɹ ɚɜɬɨɦ ɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞ ɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ
ɦɚ ɲɢɧɵ .
Ɂɚ ɩɪɟɳ ɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨ ɣ ɦɚɲɢɧ ɵ
ɦɵ ɥ ɨ, ɫɬɢ ɪɚɥ ɶɧɵ ɟ ɫɪɟɞ ɫɬɜ ɚ ɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɟ ɦ ɵɥɨ. ɏ ɪɚɧɢ ɬɟ ɷɬ ɢ
ɫɪɟɞɫ ɬɜɚ ɜ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬ ɟɣ ɦɟɫ ɬɟ
ɏɪ ɚɧɢ ɬɟ ɦɨɸɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫ ɬɜɨ ɢ ɨɩɨɥɚ ɫɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɜ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭ ɩɧɨɦ
ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɟɫɬɟ. ɇɟ ɩɨɞɩɭɫ ɤ ɚɣɬɟ
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Ɇɢɧɢ ɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɤ
ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɟɣ: ɜɧɭɬɪɢ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɦɨɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬ ɜɚ.
ɂɫ ɩɨɥ ɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɛɨɪɚ ɥ ɸɞɶɦɢ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵ ɦɢ
ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɦɢ, ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ
ɫɩ ɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ , ɚ ɬɚɤɠ ɟ ɥɸɞ ɶɦɢ, ɧ ɟ ɢ ɦɟɸɳɢɦɢ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɡɧɚɧ ɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ ɡɨ ɜɚɧ ɢɹ,
ɢ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɞɨɩɭ ɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤ ɨ ɩɨɞ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɨɦ ɢ ɥɢ ɟɫɥɢ
ɨɧ ɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɭɱɟ ɧɵ ɩɨɥɶɡ ɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ,
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɡɚ ɢɯ ɛɟɡɨɩ ɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɶ .
ɇɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ ɞɟɬɹ ɦ ɢɝɪ ɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɦ.
Ɇɨ ɸ ɳɟɟ ɫɪ ɟɞ ɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫ ɭɞ ɨɦɨɟɱɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɟɞɤɢɦ ɜ ɟɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɩɚɞ ɚɧɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ
ɩɢ ɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɱɟɥɨ ɜɟɤ ɚ ɨɧɨ ɦ ɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪ ɢɱɢ ɧɢɬɶ ɜɪɟɞ ɡɞɨɪɨ ɜɶɸ . ɂ ɡɛɟɝɚɣɬɟ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ
ɦɨ ɸɳɟ ɝɨ ɫɪ ɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɤɨɠɟɣ ɢ ɝɥɚɡɚɦɢ. ɇɟ ɩɨɞɩɭɫɤ ɚɣɬɟ
ɞɟɬɟɣ ɤ ɩ ɨɫɭɞɨ ɦ ɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦ ɚɲɢɧɟ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨ ɣ ɞɜɟ ɪɰɟ ɣ.
ɇɟɥɶɡɹ ɨɫɬɚɜɥ ɹɬɶ ɞɜɟɪɰ ɭ ɨɬɤ ɪɵɬɨɣ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪ ɢɜɟ ɫɬɢ ɤ ɨɩɪɨɤɢɞɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
Ɋɟɦɨ ɧɬ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɭ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɤ ɚɛɟɥɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪ ɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ
ɬɨɥɶ ɤɨ ɫɩɟ ɰ ɢɚɥɢɫɬ ɚɜɬɨ ɪɢɡɨ ɜɚɧ ɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɪ ɜɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬ ɪɚ.
ɂɫ ɩɨɥ ɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɛɨɪɚ ɫ ɩɨ ɜɪɟɠɞɟɧ ɧɵɦ ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦ
ɤɚɛ ɟɥɟɦ ɧɟɛɟɡɨɩ ɚ ɫɧɨ .
ɉɟ ɪɟɞ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɤ ɨ ɣ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɨ ɩ ɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɭɬ ɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ
ɫɧ ɢɦɢ ɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
ɍɬɢɥɢ ɡɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚ ɥ ɧ ɚɞɥ ɟɠɚɳ ɢɦ
ɨɛ ɪɚɡɨɦ.
ɂɫ ɩɨɥ ɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦ ɨɟɱ ɧɭɸ ɦɚ ɲɢɧɭ ɬɨɥ ɶɤɨ ɩɨ
ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɢɸ.
ɉɪ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨ ɜɤɟ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɥ ɠɟɧ ɛɵ ɬɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ
ɢɡ ɨɝɧɭɬ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɬɹ ɧɭɬ. ɇɟ ɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɪɟ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɨ ɜɚɬ ɶ ɟɝɨ
ɫɚɦɨɫ ɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ.
ɉɪ ɢ ɩɨɞ ɤɥɸɱɟɧɢ ɢ
ɩɪɢɛɨ ɪɚ ɤ ɜɨɞɨɩ ɪ ɨɜɨɞɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɣɬɟ
ɬɨɥɶ ɤɨ ɧɨɜɵ ɟ ɧɚɛɨ ɪɵ ɲɥɚ ɧɝɨ ɜ, ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɢ ɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɲɥ ɚɧɝɢ, ɛɵɜɲ ɢɟ ɜ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢ ɢ.
Ɇɚ ɤ ɫɢɦɚ ɥɶɧɨɟ ɱɢɫ ɥ ɨ ɤɨɦɩ ɥɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɨɫ ɭɞɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɜ ɦ ɚɲɢɧɟ
Ɇɚɤ ɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬ ɢɦɨɟ ɞɚ ɜɥ ɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞ ɵ ɜ
ɜɨɞɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɟ ɫ ɨɫɬɚɜɥ ɹɟɬ 1 Ɇɉɚ
.
, — 10 .
.
ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 0,04 Ɇɉɚ.
ɇɚɞɥɟɠɚɳ ɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɭ ɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɣɬ ɟ ɭɩɚɤ ɨɜɨɱɧɵ ɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɨɬ
ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱ ɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧ ɵ.
ȼɟɫɶ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱ ɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪ ɢɚɥ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɜɬɨɪ ɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɩ ɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢ ɸ
Ⱦɟɬɚɥɢ ɢɡ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɚ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɭ ɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚ ɪɬɧɨɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨ ɣ
ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤ ɨɣ:
ɩɨɥɢɷɬɢ ɥɟɧ, ɧɚɩɪɢ ɦɟɪ, ɥɢɫɬɨɜɨ ɣ ɨɛɟɪɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢ ɚɥ
ɩɨɥɢɫɬɢɪ ɨɥ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɨɤ ɥɚɞɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ
ɩɨɥɢɨɤɫɢ ɦɟɬɢɥɟ ɧ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɥɚ ɫɬɢ ɤ ɨɜɵɟ ɡɚɠɢɦɵ
ɩɨɥɢɩɪɨɩ ɢɥɟɧ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟ ɪ, ɫɨɥɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶ
ɚɤɪɢɥ ɨɧɢɬɪɢɥ ɛɭɬɚɞɢɟɧɫɬɢɪɨɥ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦ ɟɪ, ɩɚ ɧɟɥɶ
ɭɩ ɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
.
PE — .
PS — .
POM — .
PP — .
ABS —
ƽƽɍɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɩɚɫɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ!
Ⱦɥɹ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɜɬɨɪɫɵɪɶɹ. ɉɨɫɥɟ
ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɟɠɶɬɟ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɢ ɫɥɨɦɚɣɬɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɜɟɪɢ.
Ʉɚɪɬɨɧɧɚɹ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɢɡ ɜɬɨɪɫɵɪɶɹ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɫɛɨɪɚ
ɦɚɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ.
ɋɨɛɥɸɞɚɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɜɵ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ
ɨɤɪɭ ɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬ ɜɢɟ ɧɟɩɨɞɨɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ.
Ɂɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨɛ ɭɬ ɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɶɛɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ
ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦ, ɜ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ ɩɨ ɜɵɜɨɡɭ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɵ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥɢ
ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ.
ɂɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɭɬɢɥɢɡ ɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ. ɂɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɫɞɚɬɶ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ.
ɍɌɂɅɂɁȺɐɂə:
Ⱦɥɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɨ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɫ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ
.
ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
11
12
ȼɢɞ ɫɡɚɞɢ
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
10
ȼɢɞ ɫɩɟɪɟɞɢ
ɇɢɠɧɹɹ ɤɨɪɡɢɧɚ
Ɉɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɥɢ
Ɉɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ
ɦɨɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ
ɉɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɱɚɲɟɤ
Ʉɨɪɨɦɵɫɥɚ
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ
ɲɥɚɧɝɚ
ɋɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ
ȼɟɪɯ ɧɹɹ ɤɨɪɡɢɧ ɚ
Ʉɨ ɪɡɢɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫ ɬɨɥ ɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ
ȼɟɪɯ ɧɟɟ ɤɨɪɨɦɵɫ ɥɨ
1
ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
11
3
2
4
6
1.Ʉɧɨɩɤ ɚ ɜɤɥ /ɜɵɤɥ. ɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ: ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ.
2.Ʉɧɨɩɤ ɚ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ.
3.ɂɧɞɢɤ ɚɬɨɪɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ: ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɤɚɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ.
4.Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɨɬɫɪɨɱɤɢ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɬɫɪɨɱɤɭ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ
ɨɬ ɞɨ 24 ɱɚɫɨɜ
ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɫɨɥɢ ɢ ɨɩɨɥɚɫɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɹ:
ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɥɢ ɢɥɢ
ɨɩɨɥɚɫɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɹ.
.
:
:
( 1 ).
5.
6.
7.
8
Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɨɬɫɪɨɱɤ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ ɭɫɬɚɧ ɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɨɬɫɪ ɨɱɤɢ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ.
Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɮɭ ɧɤɰɢɢ «1/ 2 ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤ ɢ» ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜ ɚɟɬ
ɮɭ ɧɤɰɢɸ «1/2 ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ» Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɸ «1 /2 ɡɚɝɪɭɡ ɤɢ»
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬ ɚɧɚ ɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ, ɟɫ ɥɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 6
ɤɨɦɩɥɟ ɤɬɨ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ . ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɮɭɧ ɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɷɥ ɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ . Ɏɭɧɤ ɰɢɹ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ɂɧɬɟɧ ɫɢɜɧ ɨɟ
ɦɵ ɬɶɟ ɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨ ɟ ɦɵɬɶɟ ɗɤ ɨɧɨɦ ɢɱɧ ɨɟ ɦ ɵɬɶ ɟ
Ⱦɟɥɢ ɤ ɚɬɧɨɟ ɦɵɬɶɟ ɢ Ƚɨɪɹ ɱɟɟ ɨɩɨɥɚ ɫɤɢɜɚɧɢ ɟ
Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɋɌȺɊɌ /ɉȺɍɁȺ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɜɵ ɛɪɚɧ ɧɨɣ
ɩɪ ɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɵɬɶɹ ɢɥ ɢ ɩɪɢɨ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟ ɧɢɹ
ɩɪ ɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ
ɟ ɫɥɢ ɦɚ ɲɢɧɚ ɪɚ ɛɨɬɚɟɬ
:
:
.
:
, , ,
.
:
( ).
.
ɍɋɌɊɈɃɋɌȼɈ ȾɅə ɋɆəȽɑȿɇɂə ȼɈȾɕ
ɀɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɠɟɫɬɤɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ,
ɧɚ ɬɚɪɟɥɤɚɯ ɢ ɩɨɫɭɞɟ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɟɬ.
ɉɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɫ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɥɢ,
ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢɡ ɜɨɞɵ.
dH
ɦɦɨɥɶ/ɥ
0~90~5 0~0.94
H1
0
/
10-20
6-11
1.0-2.0
H2
20 60
21-3012-17 2.1 -3 .0
H3
30 50
H4
40
40
fH
0~6
7-14
15-21
°Ʉɥɚɪɤɚ
ɀȿ ɋɌɄɈɋɌɖ ȼɈȾɕ
ɉɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɪɭɱɤɢ
ɜɵɛɨɪɚ
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɫɨɥɢ
(ɝɪɚɦɦ/ɰɢ ɤɥ)
Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
(ɰɢɤɥɨɜ/1 ɤɝ)
18-22 31-40 22-28 3.1-4.0
A. ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɚɲɚ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɧɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ,
ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ.
41-6023-34 4.1 -6 .0
H5
50 30
H6
60
20
29-42
35-55 61-98 43-69 6.1-9.8
ɍɫɬɪɨɣ ɫɬɜ ɨ ɞ ɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚɫɬɪɚ ɢɜɚ ɟɬ ɫɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭ ɸ ɫ ɩ ɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɪɭɱɤɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɠɟɫɬɤ ɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɞɵ .
ɍɫɬɪɨɣ ɫɬɜ ɨ ɞ ɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɫɥ ɭɠɢɬ ɞɥ ɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɢɧ ɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɨɥɟɣ ɢɡ ɜɨɞɵ , ɤɨɬɨɪɵ ɟ ɧɟɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢ ɹ ɬɧɨ
ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɭ ɦ ɚɲɢɧɵ. ɑɟɦ ɜ ɵɲɟ ɫɨɞɟɪ ɠɚɧɢɟ ɦ ɢɧɟ ɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɟ ɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɨɥ ɟɣ, ɬɟ ɦ ɠɟɫɬɱɟ ɜɨɞɚ.
ɍɫɬɪɨɣ ɫɬɜ ɨ ɞ ɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɭɠ ɧɨ ɧɚɫɬɪɨ ɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɠɟɫɬɤ ɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɨɞɵ
ɜ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɦɟɫ ɬɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ
ɠɟ ɫɬɤ ɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɦɨɠ ɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢ ɬɶ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɢ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ.
ɉɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɚɹ ɦɚ ɲɢɧɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫ ɯɨɞ ɫ ɨɥɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨ ɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɪɨ ɜɧɹ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɢɫ ɩɨɥ ɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ. ɗɬɨ
ɧɟ ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬ ɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɟ ɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɪɨɜɧ ɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɚ ɫ ɨɥɢ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɧ ɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɞ ɨɡɢ ɪɨɜ ɚɧɢ ɟ ɫ ɨɥɢ :
ȼɤ ɥ ɸɱɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɞɨɡɢ ɪɨɜɤ ɭ ɫ ɨɥɢ, ɜ ɬ ɟɱɟɧɢɟ 6 0 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɩɨɫɥ ɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟ ɧɢɹ ɦɚɲ ɢɧɵ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɢ ɭɞ ɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3-ɯ
ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤ ɧɨɩɤ ɭ ɋɌȺɊɌ/ɉ ȺɍɁȺ
Ʉɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨ ɝɪɚɦɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɢɬɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɭ ɸ ɞɨɡ ɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɫɨɥɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɠɟɫ ɬɤɨ ɫɬɶɸ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ.
ɇɚ ɫɬɪ ɨɣɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸ ɳɟɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ:
ɇɚ ɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨ ɩɤɭ ɋɌȺ ɊɌ /ɉȺɍɁȺ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚ ɜɟɪɲɢɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɪɨ ɣɤɭ ɞɨɡɢɪɨɜɤɢ
.
.
H1 –> H 2 – > H3 –> H4 –> H5 –> H 6.
.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɫɨɥɢ
1.
2.
3.
4.
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧ ɢɟ 1
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧ ɢɟ
1°dH = 1,25°
°dH —
°fH —
°
Ʉɥɚɪɤɚ = 1,78°fH = 0, 178 ɦɦɨɥɶ/ɥ
ɧɟɦɟɰɤɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
Ʉɥɚɪɤɚ — ɛɪɢɬɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
Ɂɚɜɨɞɫɤɚɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ: H4 (EN 50242)
ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɢ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ.
2
Ȼ. Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɥɢ ɜ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ
ȼ Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɨɥɚɫɤɢɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ.
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