GE MDS LEDR400S-74 Users Manual

8.0 UPGRADING LEDR FIRMWARE

8.1 Introduction

The LEDR radio’s firmware can be upgraded with new software releases that may be issued from time-to-time by Microwave Data Systems. To support firmware upgrades while the radio is in use, the LEDR radio contains two complete copies of its firmware. Once the inactive version is replaced, the radio can be rebooted using the code in the new firmware. However, if an error occurs during the download, the radio can easily recover because it always has a complete copy of firmware available.

Reprogramming can be done through three common options:

1. Locally through the front panel

2. Locally using TFTP and Telnet through the

3. Remotely over a network connection using TFTP and Telnet to the

ETHERNET Port .

The procedures that follow use one or both of two utilities found in MDS’ LEDR Utilities package. These utilities will facilitate local and remote transferring of firmware files to and from the LEDR radio. These applications are available from Microwav e Data Systems on ﬂoppy disk (P/N 03-3631A01) or on MDS’ Internet sites FTP section of the primary site of www.microwavedata.com.

The following sections will explain how to program new firmware into the radio using each of the three connection options. They assume the LEDR Utilities are installed on each computer system named in the procedure.

NOTE: The ETHERNET, SERVICE CHANNEL and CONSOLE Ports

share a common data channel when loading firmware over-the-air. Transferring the radio firmware image file (≈ 1 MB), may take up to 30 minutes if there is other activity on any of the other ports.

CONSOLE Port .

ETHERNET Port .

Regardless of your connection to the LEDR radio, loading data/firmware into the radio’s SRAM is much slower than loading software onto a PC hard drive or RAM.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 93

8.2 OPTION 1: Uploading Firmware via the

This method of upgrading the firmware is well suited to field service personnel that carry a laptop PC to field installation. Any computer running the Windows operating system is suitable. Figure 17 shows the basic arrangement.

FLASH

UTILITY

INITIATE UPLOAD

FROM HERE

Figure 17. Direct connection through the LEDR CONSOLE Port

CONSOLE Port

Invisible place holder

LEDR RADIO UNITWINDOWS PC

9-PIN SERIAL CABLE

COM1, 2, ETC. (DTE)

CONSOLE PORT

(DCE)

Setup

Connect a PC to the radio’s front panel

CONSOLE Port using a 9-pin

RS-232 cable. (See Figure 33 on Page 129 for cable wiring details.) The

CONSOLE Port supports RS-232 at 9600 bps to 38.4 kbps.

Download Procedure

1. Start the MDS MDS Flash Utility application.

2. From the baud rate. Ensure that

View>Options menu, select the appropriate COM Port and

autobaud is enabled (Look in the lower

right-hand corner of the Flash Utility window).

3. From the dow to the LEDR radio. At the

View menu, select console. This will bring up a NMS win-

LEDR> prompt, enter a login name

and password and then close the session.

4. Using the ware is located. In the ﬁle window, highlight the correct ( and then press the green

File|Open dialog, select the directory where the new ﬁrm-

.mpk) ﬁle

start arrow.

94 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Verification and Reboot

1. To verify the correct operation of the new ﬁrmware, open the NMS again by pressing

Alt + L. Enter boot to determine which image is

currently active. This command will respond as follows:

boot: Image 1 is Active or, boot: Image 2 is Active

2. The new ﬁrmware is do wnloaded into the inactive image. Therefore, if the radio responded mand,

iverify 2, otherwise, enter iverify 1. The radio will respond indi-

Image 1 is Active, enter “image verify” com-

cating whether or not the image has been veriﬁed as being a valid ﬁle, it will not determine if the contents are complementary to the other ﬁrmware image. If the image does not verify, try downloading the ﬁrmware again into the radio.

NOTE: The following paragraph describes rebooting the radio. This

action will disrupt the communications link.

3. Once the image has been veriﬁed, the radio must be rebooted using the new ﬁrmware. This is done by entering the command

boot 2, where the 1 or 2 corresponds with the image number used

with the

iverify command above.

boot 1 or

4. Once the radio has rebooted and Flash Utility screen displays the

LEDR> prompt, the ﬁrmware can be downloaded or copied into the

other image. Often, copying the ﬁrmware from one image to the other can be faster than performing a second download. To copy the ﬁrmware over to the other image, simply enter prompt you for conﬁrmation (

y/n) and then begin copying.

icopy. The radio will

8.3 OPTION 2: Uploading Firmware Locally by

Telnet via Ethernet

This method can be used in the field or in a workshop by using a Windows computer equipped with an Ethernet interface. Figure 17 shows the basic arrangement.

NOTE: You must know the IP address of the LEDR Radio and the PC

that you are going to connect together. (Both units must have the same Subnet, Netmask and Gateway addresses, or at least have routes to one another.) This is essential for a direct Ethernet connection.

If you do not know your Windows computer’s IP address, you can use the RUN function from the Start menu and enter winipcfg to determine your local PC’s IP address. The IP address of the radio can be found by the use of the radio’s ip command.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 95

LOCAL WINDOWS PC

W/FIRMWARE FILES

TFTP

SERVER

& TELNET

IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.B

INITIATE UPLOAD FROM HERE

LEDR> REPROGRAM NETWORK FILENAME.MPK 192.168.X.B

(CHECK STATUS: LEDR> REPROGRAM STATUS)

ETHERNET PORT

CROSS-OVER CABLE

Figure 18. Direct connection through the LEDR ETHERNET Port

Setup

Invisible place holder

ETHERNET PORT

LEDR RADIO UNIT

IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.W

1. Connect the PC’s Ethernet interface to the radio’s

ETHERNET Port

using a Category 5 Ethernet cross-over cable.

2. Copy the ﬁle LEDR ﬁrmware image ﬁle ( directory on your PC. For example,

ledr.mpk) into a known

c:\windows\LEDR\Firmware V2.5\.

This directory path will be used later by the TFTP server.

Download Procedure

1. Launch the MDS TFTP Server on a PC connected to the LEDR radio’s

ETHERNET Port through a cross-connect cable.

2. Point the TFTP server to the directory from which you desire to upload the new ﬁrmware. In the SNMP TFTP server, you should execute the where

set root command and point to the known directory

ledr.mpk has been copied.

3. Launch your Telnet application and login to the radio which you desire to load (reprogram) the ﬁrmware image ﬁle.

4. Determine the active (ﬁrmware) image from which you are currently executing by typing

boot. The new ﬁrmware will downloaded into

the inactive image.

5. Execute the command command, in place of address of the TFTP server. For example,

192.168.1.2

reprogram network ledr.mpk [IP address]. In the

[IP address], you should actually type the IP

reprogram network ledr.mpk

96 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

6. If desired, the status of the transfer during reprogramming may be displayed by typing

reprogram status.

7. The TFTP Server and radio will notify you when the programming is complete.

Verification and Reboot

1. To verify the integrity of the new ﬁrmware enter

boot to determine

which image is currently active. This command will respond as follows:

boot: Image 1 is Active or, boot: Image 2 is Active

If the radio responded to the boot command with Image 1 is Active, enter the “image verify” command,

iverify 1. The radio will respond indicating whether or not the image

iverify 2, otherwise, enter

has been veriﬁed as being a valid ﬁle, it will not determine if the contents are complementary to the other ﬁrmware image. If the image does not verify, try downloading the ﬁrmware again into the radio.

NOTE: The following paragraph describes rebooting the radio. This

action will disrupt the communications link.

2. Once the image has been veriﬁed, the radio must be rebooted using the new ﬁrmware. This is done by entering the command

boot 2, where the 1 or 2 corresponds with the image number used

with the

iverify command above.

boot 1 or

3. Once the radio has rebooted and Flash Utility screen displays the

LEDR> prompt, the ﬁrmware can be downloaded or copied into the

y/n) and then begin copying.

icopy. The radio will

8.4 OPTION 3: Uploading Firmware from a Remote

Server via Ethernet

Setup

Connect the LEDR radio’s ETHERNET connector to network which has a PC connected with the desired LEDR firmware on its hard drive. The “network” can be a local area network, a wide-area network or any IP network that can connect the two units.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 97

The computer hosting the firmware image, must be running a TFTP server software. If not, install, launch and configure the MDS TFTP Server software found on the LEDR Utilities disk. The setup configura- tion is shown in Figure 19.

REMOTE PC

W/FIRMWARE FILES

TFTP

SERVER

ETHERNET PORT

IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.B

Invisible place holder

HUB/LAN/WAN/MAN

TCP/IP

ETHERNET PORT

LOCAL WINDOWS PC

TERM

PROG.

INITIATE UPLOAD

FROM HERE

COM1, 2, ETC. (DTE)

LEDR> REPROGRAM NETWORK FILENAME.MPK 192.168.X.B

(CHECK STATUS: LEDR> REPROGRAM STATUS)

CONSOLE PORT

(DCE)

9-PIN SERIAL

CABLE

LEDR RADIO UNIT

IP ADDRESS: 192.168.X.W

Figure 19. Uploading firmware from a remote server via Ethernet

Download Procedure

1. Start a terminal program, such as HyperTerminal, on the local PC.

2. Log into the LEDR radio using the login command.

3. Use the ip command to ensure that the radio has a valid IP address.

4. Use the ping command from the local PC to ensure that the PC and the radio have valid routes to pass information between them.

5. At the radio’s

gram network

monitored from the radio by entering

LEDR> prompt, start the download by entering repro-

[filename] [source PC’s IP Address]. The download can be

reprogram status. When the

download is complete the radio will sound two short beeps and the response from

reprogram status will indicate that the download has

ﬁnished.

98 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

SNMP Option The TFTP download process can also be initiated using an SNMP man-

ager. The

Firmware|FwProgTable object provides a means for specifying

the TFTP server IP address and the filename for the firmware.

Verification and Reboot

When the download is complete, verify the firmware image and reboot the radio as described under Verification and Reboot in Paragraph See

“Verification and Reboot” on Page 95 for the procedure.

9.0 USING ORDERWIRE

9.1 Introduction

A handset may be plugged into the front panel of the LEDR radio to allow voice communications between radio sites (see Figure 20). This can be especially useful during setup and service of the radio equipment. All radios on the network can hear what is said by any individual speaking into a handset. No other radio may transmit on the orderwire until the current speaker is finished. Depending on the number of hops, the link data rates, and Interleave setting, there may be a noticeable latency from one end of the network to the other.

The front panel alert function (See “Unit ID” on Page 34) and

alert com-

mand (Page 51) can be used to signal all units in the network or a specific radio.

Normal payload data is not affected by Orderwire use. The Orderwire uses voice-compression technology that introduces a slight, but noticeable, delay in Orderwire audio.

The orderwire will not interrupt the normal data flow through the LEDR data communication channel, however, it will reduce the throughput efficiency of any data communications on the Service Channel during periods of voice transmission.

A handset is available from MDS (P/N 12-1307A01), which has a push-to-talk button and provides basic communication services but does not contain a built-in DTMF (tone) keypad. (The Orderwire supports the transmission of DTMF-type signaling by detecting tones at the source, and regenerating them at the receiving end, however, there are no DTMF supported radio functions in the LEDR radios.)

9.2 Setup

Program the vox and volume setting for each radio. The volume setting is user preference. The the

vox setting, the louder the user must speak to get the voice decoder

to recognize the speech. This will, however, prevent noise from entering

vox setting requires some forethought. The higher

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 99

the “line.” A low vox level will recognize speech better but may transmit more noise with the speech. The user should experiment with the

vox

setting to determine the best level for the speaker and the noise environment.

9.3 Operation

1. Plug the handset into the front panel jack labeled . (Figure 32

on Page 129 provides pinout details for this connector.)

2. Press or at the menu’s top level until Orderwire appears on

ENTER

the LCD display . Press

3. To call a speciﬁc radio station, enter the Unit ID number for the station to be called. (At this point, an alert signal (“ring”) will be sent to earpiece of the handset connected to the “called” station.

4. Press the PTT on handset to speak to the other station(s) listening to their handsets connected to LEDR equipment on the network.

Release the handset PTT to listen. VOX (voice-activated transmit) operation is also supported. (See “vox” on Page 88.)

to move to the lower levels of the menu.

5. Alternatively, a DTMF-style handset can be used to “dial” the required radio station.

6. Remember, regardless of the number of users, only one may speak at a time.

NOTE: The LEDR radio has a built-in DTMF decoder in the orderwire

circuitry. If a standard DTMF telephone test set is plugged into the orderwire, the user can dial in the three digit unit address on the handset to “ring” the earpiece of the handset of the associated LEDR unit.The LEDR chassis will not provide power to ring a standard bell or electronic ringer.

100 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Invisible place holder

Figure 20. Orderwire Connection

9.4 Related NMS Commands

The orderwire can be configured by the NMS commands or through the front panel. The earpiece volume is more easily set by the front panel controls as the level is dependent on personal preference.

vox – Voice level (relative) at which speech will be detected by the soft-

ware (See “vox” on Page 88)

volume – Sets/displays the handset volume (See “volume” on Page 88) alert – Sends an orderwire alert to a specific radio or to all the radios on

the network (See “alert” on Page 51)

10.0 USING THE SERVICE CHANNEL

10.1 Concept

The Service Channel sends and receives ASCII-based information at 9600 bps in a half-duplex broadcast mode throughout the network. This means that any data coming through the Service Channel Port of a radio will be broadcast to the Service Channel of each radio in the network. There can be only one radio transmitting Service Channel data over the network at a time and the data will always be sent to every radio on the network. No other radio will be allowed to transmit until the current sender is finished.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 101

If a radio does receive data in the Service Channel Port while another radio is the active-sender, the data coming in the port will be queued and sent when the active sender is finished. Depending on the number of hops, link data rate, and Interleave setting, there may be a noticeable latency from one end of the network to the other.

10.2 Setup

The user can configure all the Service Channel parameters for a specific radio. The port may be enabled or disabled. In the disabled state (

port off

), any data that comes in the Service Channel port will be discarded and any Service Channel data that comes into the radio from another radio in the network will be passed along to the rest of the network but not sent out the Service Channel Port. When the Service Channel Port (

svch port on) is enabled, it will behave based on the other

settings.

The most important setting is the echo parameter. Echo is used with a terminal emulator on a PC and the program does not display on the screen character keyed in by the user.

svch

When you set up a system, you must be careful to avoid an infinite loop. If echo is enabled, then every character that enters the Service Channel port will be echoed back out the port. When echo is disabled then data that comes in the Service Channel port is not sent back out the port. Trouble may arise if the device that is connected to the Service Channel also echoes the data it sends. In that case, the device will send characters into the Service Channel Port, the radio will echo the characters back to the device, the device will consider the echoed data to be input which it will in turn echo back to the radio, etcetera, until an overflow condition occurs.

You must also set the communication parameters (baud rate, stop bits, char length, and parity) via the

svch subcommands so that the settings

match those at the device connected to the Service Channel Port.

Lastly, the user can re-initialize the Service Channel port via the svch

command. This may be helpful in the case where an infinite loop

reset

overflow condition has locked the port.

10.3 Usage

The Service Channel supports ASCII data transfer over the network in broadcast fashion. As a result, devices connected to the Service Channel Ports of different radios will appear to have a transparent half-duplex connection between them.

102 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

10.4 NMS Commands

This command is used to set/display Service Channel parameters.

Usage:

svch [subcommand] [<argument>]

Subcommands:

—Enable the Service Channel

off—Disable the Service Channel reset—Re-initialize the Service Channel echo—on/off baud—300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600 char— 5, 6, 7, 8 (ASCII character length in bits) parity—none, even, odd stop—1, 2 (Stop bits)

baud char

echo off off on parity reset stop

11.0 PROTECTED CONFIGURATION

11.1 Introduction

The LEDR radio can be supplied in a protected (also called redundant or “1+1”) configuration (Figure 21). The protected version is designed to perform automatic switchover to a second radio in the event of a failure in the primary unit.

Protected operation is important for many mission-critical or revenue producing links. By configuring two identical LEDR radios in parallel and including a third switch box containing the RF switching circuits and the customer interfaces, it is possible to protect against failure in any of the LEDR radio sub-systems. Failures can be either malfunction or external environmental effects, such as multipath fading or nearby lightning strikes.

A Protected station consists of two standard LEDR Series radios and a Protected Switch Chassis (center unit in Figure 21). Ordinarily, the three chassis are mounted together in a “stacked” arrangement, one above the other, as shown in the figure.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 103

The top unit is referred to as the system’s “Unit A”, and the lower one as “Unit B”. Each unit is considered to be the “sibling” of the other. The sibling of Unit A is Unit B, and the sibling of Unit B is Unit A. This distinction is used in the

rdnt command found on Page 74 under the sub-

heading “Read & Write Commands.”

Invisible place holder

UNIT A

PSC

UNIT B

Figure 21. LEDR Radio Protected Version

The front panel of the Protected Switch Chassis (PSC) front panel has only two LEDs and an RJ-45 jack for an orderwire handset. The LEDs indicate by light and an arrow outline which LEDR chassis is active. It is assumed the two LEDR chassis will be mounted above and below the PSC as shown in Figure 21.

11.2 Protected Operation

During normal operation, one radio path is selected and the RF and interface switches are set to service that path. (The illuminated LED indicator on the front panel of the Protected Switch Chassis (PSC) points to the currently active unit.) A switch in the transmitter circuitry allows one transmitter to be connected to the common

ANTENNA port on

the Protected Switch Chassis. On the receive path, a splitter in the Protected Switch Chassis allows both radio receivers to receive the incoming RF signal for processing.

The Protected Switch Chassis is a gateway for data coming and going between each of the LEDR radio units and the common data circuits connected to the PSC. The PSC monitors various RF and data signal paths for predefined fault-determining parameters. If signal conditions are not normal, the PSC’s microprocessor controller will issue an alarm and move the standby LEDR radio to the active mode.

POWER

104 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Fault-determining parameters can be programmed from the Network Management System (NMS) software. Examples of these parameters are:

• Low transmitter power

• High transmitter temperature

• Synthesizers is out-of-lock

• Problem with the option board or framers

• CPU failure wherein the CPU watchdog causes a reset

• Fan fault

Transmitter Failure

Any failure on the “active” transmitter path will create a fault condition which will place the currently the active transmitter on standby and switch the “standby” transmitter to “active.” The newly active transmit path will remain in use until a manual changeover returns the configuration to the original transmitter path. This allows the link to remain fully operational until the user has replaced the faulty transmitter circuitry.

Receiver Failure

Both receivers are fed via an RF splitter from the antenna port. Each RF path is buffered and monitored for receive signal integrity for uncorrectable bit-errors. If the “active” receive circuitry fails, uncorrectable bit-errors will be detected. The modem receive switch will first determine that the “standby” receive path is operational (no uncorrectable bit errors) and will switch accordingly.

11.3 Configuration Options

The protected LEDR radio is available with a number of configuration options, each designed to optimize particular system solutions:

1+1 Operation—Warm or Hot Standby

In a warm standby link, the standby transmitter is powered down. In a hot standby link, the standby transmitter is powered up and transmitted in a dummy load. The warm standby option offers the advantages of significantly reduced power consumption, since only one transmitter path is powered. However, upon transmitter failure, the switchover takes longer due to the transmitter having to be powered. Thus the hot standby mode offers the advantages of faster switchover time and increased overall system availability.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 105

Symmetrical or Asymmetrical Receiver Splitters

The default protected radio is configured with a 3 dB splitter on the receive path, meaning that each radio’s receiver signal level is equal, but typically 4dB worse than an unprotected radio (3 dB due to splitter, plus dB cabling and additional connectors). As an option, an asymmetrical splitter (1 dB / 10 dB) is offered. Using this option, the active path is 2 dB stronger than with a symmetrical splitter (1 dB compared to 3 dB splitter loss), allowing for a better fade margin and increased system availability during normal operation.

However, upon receiver change over, the receive signal strength will be significantly reduced due to the 10 dB of splitter loss rather than the equal splitter’s 3 dB loss, making the link more sensitive to fading in this temporary switched state. Providing the failed standby receiver is replaced within a short period of time, many users find that the asymmetric splitter’s increased normal performance offsets any deterioration in the temporary switched state.

11.4 PSC Rear Panel Connectors

The following are descriptions of the rear panel connections of the Protected Switch Chassis. The PSC’s rear chassis is shown in Figure 22.

RF CONNECTORS

Figure 21 presents an inter-unit cabling diagram for protected configu-

rations.

Invisible place holder

PROTECTED DATA

TxBAntenna TxARxBRxA

E1 DATA

ETHERNET

530 (A&B)

Figure 22. Protected Switch Chassis—Rear Panel

EIA-530-A

SERVICE CHANNEL

EIA-530-A Service ChannelEthernetE1Protected

RxA

The RXA (Receive—Radio A) connector is a N-type coaxial connector. It connects to the

RX port on the rear panel of Radio A via a short coaxial

cable.

RxB

Same as

RXA, but for Radio B.

Antenna

The

ANTENNA connector is a N-type coaxial connector. It serves as the

connection point for the station antenna.

106 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

TxA

The

TXA (transmit, radio A) connector is a N-type coaxial connector. It

connects to the

TX port on the rear panel of Radio A via a short coaxial

cable.

TxB

Same as

TXA, but for Radio B.

Protected (Data)

This pair of connectors accepts G.703 signals from each of the LEDR radios. The top connector is for Radio A, and the bottom connector is for Radio B. For pinout information, see Figure 36 on Page 130.

This is a block of four RJ-45 modular connectors for connection to a multiplexer or other customer-supplied E1 equipment. For detailed pin information, Figure 34 on Page 130.

These connectors are not operational on “S” Series (Subrate) radios.

Ethernet

The

ETHERNET connector provides access to the embedded SNMP

agent and other elements of the TCP/IP network management system. The connector is a standard 10 Base-T connection with an RJ-45 modular connector. For detailed pin information, see Figure 34 on Page 130.

530 (A&B)

This pair of DB-25 connectors accepts EIA-530 data signals from each of the LEDR radios. The top connector is for Radio A, and the bottom connector is for Radio B. For pinout information, see Figure 36 on

Page 130.

EIA-530-A

This DB-25 connector provides a connection point for customer-supplied EIA-530 data equipment. Note: This port is not operational in fullrate models.

Service Channel

In a protected configuration, this DB-9 connector becomes the Service Channel connection for both LEDR radios. (In the protected radio configuration, the Service Channel connectors on the radios are non-functional.) For detailed pin information, see “Service Channel—Rear

Panel” on Page 131.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 107

11.5 Inter-Unit Cabling for Protected Stations

The required cabling between the two radios and the Protected Switch Chassis is dependent on the data interface, unit type (subrate versus full-rate), and transmit and receive antenna configuration.

The cabling for a pair of standard radios with internal duplexers is shown in Figure 23.

DO NOT USE IN

G.703/Expansion Data

PROTECTED CONFIG.

Ethernet

NMS

EIA-530-A

Service

Channel

Alarm I/O DC Power Input

RADIO A

COAXIAL CABLES (4)

P/N 19-1323A02 CABLE 1A

External

STATION

ANTENNA

External

P/N 03-3837A01

TxBAntenna TxARxBRxA

Figure 23. Inter-unit Cabling—Protected Version

CABLE 1B P/N 03-3837A01

G.703/Expansion Data

Data Interface

CABLE 2A

P/N 03-3828A01

(SUBRATE MODELS)

MUX OR OTHER

E1 EQUIPMENT

TO ETHERNET HUB

CABLE 2B

P/N 03-3828A01

(SUBRATE MODELS)

Ethernet

NMS

Data Interface

PROTECTED CONFIG.

530 (A&B)

EIA-530-A

DO NOT USE IN

with Internal Duplexers

TO EIA-530 DATA EQUIPMENT (SUBRATE MODELS)

PROTECTED SWITCH

EIA-530-A Service ChannelEthernetE1Protected

SERVICE CHANNEL

(SERVES BOTH RADIOS)

Service

Channel

Alarm I/O DC Power Input

RADIO B

11.6 Configuration Commands for a Protected

System

NOTE: In a protected link configuration, ensure that the E1/T1 inter-

face settings are identical for both radios at a each end of the link.

Once the inner-chassis cabling is in place and the units are powered up, several parameters are required to place the LEDR radio into proper operation as a member of a protected system.

The tasks involved are reviewing and setting up of the following parameters:

108 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

• Radio Operation

• General

• Redundant Specific

• Data Interface

• Subrate—Fractional-T1

• Fullrate—E1/T1

Redundant Specific Parameters

There are several parameters that must be set to enable proper operation of a protected station. These are all covered under the

rdnt command

found on Page 74.

Sample Redundant Configuration Session

The following is a example of a session used to configure a LEDR radio to serve in a protected system. This sequence will need to be repeated for each radio in the protected pair.

1. Conﬁgure the protected mode to hot-standby:

LEDR> rdnt mode 1 rdnt {mode}: 1+1 Hot Standby LEDR>

2. Conﬁgure the IP address of each radio:

LEDR> ip address 192.168.1.1 ip {netmask}: (255.255.0.0) ip {gateway}: (0.0.0.0) ip {port}: (ETH) ip {address}: 192.168.1.1 ip {netmask}: 255.255.0.0 ip {gateway}: 0.0.0.0 ip {port}: ETH ip: A reboot is strongly recommended. Do you wish to reboot? (y/n) >y LEDR>

3. Conﬁgure the sibling IP address of each radio:

LEDR> rdnt ip 192.168.1.2 redundant {ip}: 192.168.1.2 LEDR>

4. Conﬁgure the hitless switching. (Note that the default is on.):

LEDR> rdnt hitless on rdnt {hitless}: on LEDR>

5. Conﬁgure the temperature (°C) threshold:

LEDR> rdnt temp 100 rdnt {temp}: 100 LEDR>

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 109

Transmit Clock Selection (Subrate Models Only)

The transmit clock selection must be addressed for every radio in a subrate radio system installation. The single most important consideration is that there be only one master clock in a subrate radio network. The master clock can originate from the radio or from the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).

The radio is capable of several different clocking modes. Refer to

Figure 24 on Page 111 for typical system clocking methods.

Refer to the Clock Mode screen description on Page 35 for setting the radio transmit clocking from the front panel. Refer to the

clkmode

description on Page 56 for setting the radio transmit clocking mode from the

CONSOLE Port.

NOTE: When customer premises equipment (CPE) is operated in

looped clock mode, it is recommended that the radio not be set to line clock mode. To do so may cause the transmitting radio’s PLL to be pulled out-of-lock, especially when operating at 4E1 data rates.

110 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Invisible place holder

Scenario 1:

LEDR Radio Clock Source: Line 1, 2, 3, 4

Scenario 2:

LEDR Radio Clock Source: Internal

LEDR Radio Clock Source: Remote

SITE A

CPE

Scenario 1:

Network or Internal Clock

Scenario 2:

Looped Clock Mode

REPEATER NULL-MODEM DATA INTERCONNECT CABLE

ETHERNET CROSS-CABLE

SITE C

SITE B

REPEATER SITE

LEDR Radio Clock Source: Remote

LEDR Radio Clock Source: Line 1, 2, 3, 4

CPE

Looped Clock

Mode

Figure 24. Typical Repeater Clocking Arrangement

(no multiplexer at repeater site)

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 111

12.0 SPACE DIVERSITY OPERATION

12.1 Introduction

Space diversity operation is an effective mechanism of increasing a radio link’s resilience to transmission impairments such as multipath fading or frequency selective fading. In difficult transmission environments such as over highly reflective and moving water paths, or in arid environments where atmospheric ducting occurs, space diversity is the most effective way of maintaining a continuous radio link.

In a space diversity link, two radio receivers are operated in parallel, from two separate antennas mounted several wavelengths apart vertically on the antenna tower. The separation of antennas is such that when one antenna experiences fading due to multi-path interference, the other antenna, being several wavelengths away, is not likely to experience the same fade. Thus, one receive path may experience uncorrectable errors, while the other path will be error free. Similar to the protected operation, the receive modem switch will determine which buffered data path is operating with the highest integrity, and select that path without inducing any additional bit errors into the link.

Space diversity is especially effective in changeable multi-path environments such as over tidal water paths. Since water is highly reflective, there will be continual “constructive” and “destructive” interference at each single antenna over the course of the day as the water rises and falls and the reflected water path interferes with the line-of-sight path. By correct vertical positioning of the antennas, these effects can be negated, allowing one antenna to see a good signal while the other is experiencing fading, and the modem switching accordingly to allow the link to operate error- free.

The space diversity LEDR radio is available only in a hot standby configuration.

12.2 User Interface & Control

Protected operation is configured using the Redundant screen (Page 41) on either radio front panel, or with the minal (see Page 74).

rdnt command from a NMS ter-

12.3 Transmit Clock Selection

There is no difference between a space diversity system and redundant radio arrangements with respect to transmit clock selection. Fullrate radios require no user intervention for clocking. Users of subrate systems should set the radio clocks as described for subrate systems. See

“Transmit Clock Selection” on Page 112 for further information.

112 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

12.4 Inter-Unit Cabling for Space Diversity Stations

The RF cabling for space diversity stations depends on the location of the duplexers. The block diagram in Figure 25 shows the RF connections in a typical system with two external duplexers.

Invisible place holder

LEDR

UNIT A

DUPLEXER

ANT

TO RX PORT OF DUPLEXER A

COAXIAL CABLES (2)

P/N 19-1323A02

External

ANTENNA

SYSTEM

LEDR

UNIT B

DUPLEXER

ANT

Figure 25. Block Diagram of a Space Diversity Station

with External Duplexers

The inter-unit cabling for a space diversity system with external duplexers is shown in Figure 26.

DO NOT USE IN

PROTECTED CONFIG.

G.703/Expansion Data

CABLE 1A P/N 03-3837A01

Ethernet

NMS

Data Interface

P/N 03-3828A01

(SUBRATE MODELS)

MUX OR OTHER

E1 EQUIPMENT

EIA-530-A

CABLE 2A

Service

Channel

TO EIA-530 DATA EQUIPMENT (SUBRATE MODELS)

Alarm I/O DC Power Input

PROTECTED SWITCH

RADIO A

EIA-530-A Service ChannelEthernetE1Protected

SERVICE CHANNEL

(SERVES BOTH RADIOS)

Service

Channel

Alarm I/O DC Power Input

RADIO B

TO TX PORT OF

DUPLEXER A

External

TO RX PORT OF DUPLEXER B

TxBAntenna TxARxBRxA

CABLE 1B

P/N 03-3837A01

G.703/Expansion Data

TO ETHERNET HUB

CABLE 2B

P/N 03-3828A01

(SUBRATE MODELS)

Ethernet

NMS

Data Interface

EIA-530-A

DO NOT USE IN

PROTECTED CONFIG.

530 (A&B)

Figure 26. Inter-unit Cabling—Space Diversity

with External Duplexers

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 113

The inter-unit cabling for a space diversity system with internal duplexers is shown in Figure 27.

DO NOT USE IN

PROTECTED CONFIG.

G.703/Expansion Data

Ethernet

NMS

EIA-530-A

Service

Channel

Alarm I/O DC Power Input

RADIO A

COAXIAL CABLES (4)

P/N 19-1323A02 CABLE 1A

TO TX/RX ANTENNA

SYSTEM A

External

TO RX ANTENNA

SYSTEM

P/N 03-3837A01

TxBAntenna TxARxBRxA

Figure 27. Inter-unit Cabling—Space Diversity

CABLE 1B P/N 03-3837A01

G.703/Expansion Data

Data Interface

CABLE 2A

P/N 03-3828A01

(SUBRATE MODELS)

MUX OR OTHER

E1 EQUIPMENT

530 (A&B)

TO ETHERNET HUB

CABLE 2B

P/N 03-3828A01

(SUBRATE MODELS)

Ethernet

NMS

Data Interface

EIA-530-A

DO NOT USE IN

PROTECTED CONFIG.

with Internal Duplexers

TO EIA-530 DATA EQUIPMENT (SUBRATE MODELS)

PROTECTED SWITCH

EIA-530-A Service ChannelEthernetE1Protected

SERVICE CHANNEL

(SERVES BOTH RADIOS)

Service

Channel

Alarm I/O DC Power Input

RADIO B

114 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

13.0 SPARE PARTS, UNITS AND

ACCESSORIES

13.1 Spares

Spare assemblies and units used for repair of LEDR radios are listed in

Table 28. Field servicing, or replacement of PC boards and assemblies,

should only be performed by qualified service personnel. When ordering parts from the factory, always give the complete model

number of the radio as found on the serial number label on the chassis. Contact information can be found on Page 140 of this guide.

Table 28. Field Replaceable Units for LEDR Radios

Item Model Part

Transceiver’s SRAM Power Back-up Battery All Models 27-3109A01 Protected Switch Chassis (Complete unit) LEDR 400F 03-3873A01

LEDR 900F 03-3873A02 LEDR 1400F 03-3873A03

Duplexer (If equipped) All Models Frequency

FT1 Data Interface PCB LEDR 900S 03-3846A01 E1/FE1 Data Interface PCB LEDR 400F

LEDR 400S LEDR 900F LEDR 900S LEDR 1400F

LEDR 1400S Subrate Data Interface PCB LEDR PSC 03-2824A01 Fullrate Data Interface PCB LEDR PSC 03-3539A01

Number

dependent; Contact factory.

03-3846A02

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 115

13.2 Accessories

Table 28 lists accessories available from the factory as a convenience to

our customers. Factory contact information can be found on Page 140 of this guide.

Table 29. Accessory Items for LEDR Radios

Item Description Part

V.35 Interface Cable 6 ft (1.8 m) cable adapter used to convert

G.703 Balun Miniature G.703 balun used to convert a

EIA-530 Null-MODEM Crossover Cable

SNMPc™ Network Management Manager

Orderwire Handset Voice handset with 4-wire cord (RJ-11

Orderwire Handset Kit Voice handset with 4-wire cord (RJ-11

AC Power Adapter External AC power supply provides 24

subrate LEDR radio EIA-530 data interface to V.35 male data interface.

fullrate LEDR radio’s 120 Ω balanced data interface to two 75 Ω BNC coaxial data interfaces.

One balun required per E1 port.

6 ft (1.8 m) cable adapter to connect subrate interfaces in a repeater configuration.

SNMP Management Software to access the LEDR embedded SNMP agent, allowing management of the LEDR radio network and any interconnected SNMP enabled peripherals.

For Windows 95 O/S

SNMP Management Software to access the LEDR embedded SNMP agent, allowing management of the LEDR radio network and any interconnected SNMP enabled peripherals.

For Windows 98 or NT O/S.

modular plug).

modular plug), hanger and mounting bracket.

Vdc to LEDR radio. Input: 110 Vac to 240 Vac, 50 to 60 Hz

Number

03-2174A01

01-3494A01

97-2841L06

03-3530A01

03-3530A02

12-1307A03

02-1207A01

03-3862A01

116 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

14.0 FRACTIONAL-T1 INTERFACE CARD 03-3846A01

FRACTIONAL-E1 INTERFACE CARD 03-3846A02

14.1 Introduction

The Fractional-T1 (FT1) and Fractional-E1 (FE1) Interface cards are optional assemblies which provide additional connectivity within a LEDR network for all subrate (S) models. The installation of the FT1/FE1 Interface card inside the radio allows the standard EIA-530 customer data interface to be bypassed and the radio data lines to be connected directly to a G.703 T1 or E1 interface.

With the optional FT1/FE1 Interface, users are able to place a LEDR link from a network service access point to a remote site, where an installation supports multiple communications devices. Direct interface to customer equipment, such as channel banks, is possible without the use of expensive protocol converters.

14.2 Fractional-T1/E1 Performance

The FT1 and FE1 Interface allows the LEDR radio to be connected directly with a G.703 T1 or E1 interface. The line rate of the interface operates at the T1 rate of 1.544 Mbps, or E1 rate of 2.048 Mbps. Twelve user selectable DS0 timeslots are transmitted over the air in either case. The FT1 interface is G.703 at 100 Ω line impedance. The FE1 interface is G.703 at 120 Ω line impedance. Physical connection is via an RJ-45 jack on the rear panel.

14.3 Configurable Parameters

The following performance specifications of the T1 fractional interface are adjustable by the user. All of these parameters are manageable locally, or over the air via SNMP network management. (Refer to the SNMP Handbook, P/N 05-3532A01 for more information.)

Timeslots and Framing

Twelve DS0 timeslots are permitted. In FT1, the timeslot selection is arbitrary. In FE1, timeslot 0 is always sent and the remaining timeslots are arbitrary with the exception of timeslot 16. (Timeslot 16 must be sent when any CAS frame structures are selected.) The selection of timeslots can be different at each end of the link, provided their number is equal. The timeslots may not be reordered.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 117

Alarm signals RAI and AIS are generated as appropriate. The user may optionally have these signals forwarded over the RF link.

The frame formats available for Fractional-T1 operation are as follows:

• FT only

• ESF without CRC checking and generation

• SF (D4)

• SF with JYEL indication

• ESF with CRC checking and generation

The frame formats available for Fractional-E1 operation are as follows:

• FAS only

• FAS with BSLIP

• FAS with CRC

• FAS with CRC and BSLIP

• FAS and CAS

• FAS with CAS and BSLIP

• FAS with CAS and CRC

• FAS with CAS

• CRC and BSLIP.

The re-framing criteria may be adjusted to the following settings: 2 out of 4 Fbit errors, 2 out of 5 Fbit errors, 2 out of 6 Fbit errors. For FE1, the reframing criteria is selectable between consecutive FAS errors or CRC errors.

Line Codes

The following standard T1 line codes are supported: B8ZS, AMI, and per-channel B7ZS.

The following standard E1 line codes are supported: HDB3 and AMI.

Diagnostics

The T1 line at each end of the link may be tested using a variety of bit patterns. In normal operation, statistics are stored for any errors occurring at the line interface, such as framing errors, bipolar violations, and CRC errors.

Data may be looped back at the local port, through the T1 option only, and at the remote unit. Further, the unit will respond to in-band (SF) and data link (ESF) loopback codes at the local port.

When in ESF framing mode, the option can automatically generate performance report messages.

118 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

The following alarms may be monitored & logged. They may also be associated with a user-selectable indication (alarm contact or front panel LED): Remote Loopback, Lost Frame, Lost Signal, Lost Analog Signal, AIS, RAI (RYEL), MultiFrame RAI, Severely Errored Frame, Frame Re-Align, MultiFrame AIS, Far End Block Error, Line Code Error, CRC Errors and Frame Bit Error.

Clocking

The clock source is configurable for network, loopback, and internal timing, with secondary selections available should the primary source become faulty. Refer to the discussion of the

clkmode command

(Page 54) for more information

14.4 Field Installation of the FT1 Interface Board

An “S” Series LEDR radio can be fitted with a Fractional-T1 (FT1) or Fractional-E1 (FE1)Interface Board (Figure 28). The addition of an FT1/FE1 board enables the radio to operate with a G.703 interface at speeds up to 768 kbps.

To add the FT1/FE1 Interface Board to an existing LEDR radio transceiver, follow these steps:

1. Remove the top cover of the radio (4 Phillips screws).

2. Identify the installation area for the Interface Board (See Figure 29).

Remove the three Phillips screws on the main PC board which correspond to the mounting holes on the Interface Board.

3. Install the threaded standoff spacers (furnished with the option

board) onto the main PC board in the holes formerly occupied by the screws. (Note: Washers must not be used between the standoff spacers and either of the PC boards.)

4. Locate connectors J912 and J913 (See Figure 29). These connectors

mate with the plugs on the bottom of the Interface board.

5. Carefully set the optional board into place, making sure to align the

mounting holes with the threaded standoffs on the main PCB. (The Interface Board’s rear panel connector should align with the rectan- gular cutout at the radio’s rear panel, and the rear edge of the option board should be parallel to the main PC board.)

6. Look under the right edge of the Interface board to ensure that J912

is aligned with the mating connector on the option board. With the board properly aligned, push down ﬁrmly in the area directly above J913 and then over J912 at the edge. A distinct “locking” action will be felt as the connectors engage.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 119

7. Install the Phillips mounting screws with lockwashers on the top of

the FT1 board. For pr otected versions only: Install the plastic clip, if supplied, at the

right rear corner of the Interface board. It slips over the edge of the main PC board and the option board. Gently tighten the hex screw to secure the clamp.)

CAUTION

POSSIBLE

EQUIPMENT

DAMAGE

The Interface board must be properly seated onto the LEDR radio’s motherboard before powering up the radio chassis. Failure to properly install the board could result in permanent damage to the motherboard and the optional PCB.

8. Re-install the radio’s top cover. This completes the Interface Board

installation.

Invisible place holder

Mates with J913 on Radio PC Board

User Interface Ports

Mates with J912 on Radio PC Board

Figure 28. FT1/FE1 Interface Board—Optional Assembly

(Part No. 03-3846Axx)

120 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Invisible place holder

REAR PANEL OF LEDR RADIO

Installation Area

for Interface Board

PC Board Clamp (Some Versions)

J912J913

Figure 29. View of Radio PC Board

Showing Installation Details for FT1/FE1 Interface Board

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 121

15.0 INCREASE BANDWIDTH BY CHANGING TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER FILTERS

15.1 Introduction

It is possible for qualified service personnel to upgrade LEDR Series radios in the field to increase the radios RF bandwidth. Listed in Table

30 are five upgrade kits. Each kit consists of three RF filters; one is used

in the transmitter section and two are used in the receiver section. In addition, there is a unique software key that will allow the data circuitry to handle the higher data bandwidth. This key is based on the radio’s serial number and can only be used with that radio.

Each kit consists of a set of 3 filters (transmitter 1; receiver 2), software activation key and instructions for converting radio’s occupied bandwidth. The radio serial number must be provided to the factory for issue of authorization key.

Table 30. Hardware Upgrade Kits for Increased RF Bandwidth

For Subrate Radios For Fullrate Radio

25 kHz to 50 kHz 500 kHz to 1.0 MHz 25 kHz to 100 kHz 500 kHz to 2.0 MHz 25 kHz to 200 kHz 1.0 MHz to 2.0 MHz 50 kHz to 100 kHz 50 kHz to 200 kHz 100 kHz to 200 kHz

To realize the full benefit of the increased RF bandwidth, it may be necessary to upgrade the radio’s data interface. Table 1 on Page 1 provides a simplified listing of radio bandwidth and compatible data interfaces.

15.2 Filter Removal and Replacement

These instructions describe the removal and replacement of filter modules inside a LEDR Transceiver, as well as the software commands necessary to authorize the new bandwidth.

CAUTION: This upgrade involves the removal of small, delicate parts.

It must be performed by experienced personnel only, using proper tools and equipment to preserve the factory warranty. Precautions must be taken to prevent damage to components due to static discharge and other risks.

1. Remove the radio from service and disconnect all cabling from the

rear panel.

122 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

2. Remove the top cover of the radio (four Phillips head screws).

3. Remove the Transmitter and Receiver section’s RF shields

(Figure 30). It will be necessary to unplug the ribbon cables that cross over the shields—record their locations as you remove them.

4. Locate and remove Filter FL700 from the transmitter section. In its

place, install the replacement ﬁlter furnished with the upgrade kit. Ensure that the new ﬁlter is installed in the same orientation as the original unit.

Invisible place holder

LEDR RADIO PC BOARD

FL700

FL601

FL600

Transmitter Section

Receiver Section

Figure 30. Location of Bandwidth Filters FL600, FL601 and FL700

5. Locate and remove Filters FL600 and FL601 from the Receiver

module. In their place, install the replacement ﬁlters furnished with the upgrade kit. Ensure that the new ﬁlters are installed in the same orientation as the original units.

6. This completes the required hardware changes. Fasten the top cov er

and re-connect all cables to the rear panel.

7. Power up the radio and proceed to “Software Commands” below.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 123

15.3 Software Commands

To activate the new filter bandwidth, it is necessary to enter an authorization key provided by Microwave Data Systems. This key is based upon the radio serial number and will authorize the new bandwidth of the radio. Contact the factory if you do not already have an authorization number.

1. Initiate a NMS terminal session with the LEDR radio. (Refer to

Page 25 for login details.)

2. At the

LEDR> prompt, type: auth add <authorization number>, where

<authorization number> is the number provided to you by the factory.

Press

ENTER.

3. This completes the required software changes. If desired, the auth

show

command may be entered to display all of the current options

for the LEDR radio.

4. Check for alarms on the front panel LED display. If no alarms are

present, the basic functionality of the radio can be conﬁrmed. If an alarm is present, double check all cable connections and radio settings.

16.0 BENCH TESTING OF RADIOS

In some cases, it may be necessary to test the operation of the equipment in a bench setting. Figure 31 shows a simple arrangement for bench testing using RF attenuators between the two units under test.

For weak signal tests (weaker than –80 dBm), additional physical separation between Radio 1 and Radio 2 may be required to prevent unintentional coupling between the radios.

On protected radio configurations, a weak received signal will cause the radio transceivers to switch.

DATA PORT

EQUIPMENT

RADIO

DIGITAL OR BER

TESTER

ANT

Connector

POWER ATTENUATOR

• 30 dB

• 1W Rating

Adjustable: For Sensitivity Tests (100–140 dB Required)

LOW LOSS COAXIAL LINES

SWITCHED OR VARIABLE ATTENUATOR

• 0–110 dB (1 dB Steps) JFW 50DR-001 or Equivalent

• Required only for receiver sensitivity test.

TOTAL ATTENUATION

Fixed: 80 dB Minimum for Basic Checks

POWER ATTENUATOR

• 30 dB

• 1W Rating

Figure 31. Back-to-Back Link Test

124 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

ANT

Connector

RADIO

DATA PORT

DIGITAL

EQUIPMENT

OR BER TESTER

You can perform an over-the-air BER test on the bench or in the field. In this case, attach a separate piece of BER test equipment and feed it into one or more of the T1/E1 ports. At the other end of the link, you use another BER test box, or attach a loopback plug to the CPE data I/O port. This tests the quality of the radio link itself with regard to the user payload data. Such a bench, or over-the-air, test does not use the LEDR

bert command.

NOTE: It is important to avoid over-driving the receiver as it can be

damaged by strong signals. Signals stronger than -20 dBm should be avoided to protect the receiver.

NOTE: User BERT test equipment connected to a LEDR T1 data

interface my yield different BERT results than the radio’s ber command. This is likely when less than the channel's capacity is utilized by the timeslot command configuration.

17.0 TECHNICAL REFERENCE

17.1 Specifications—

Models: LEDR 400S, LEDR 900S & LEDR 1400S

General

Frequency Ranges: 330–512 MHz (LEDR 400S)

RF Occupied Bandwidth: 25, 50, 100 and 200 kHz User Data Rates: 64, 128, 256, 384, 512 & 768 kbps

Permitted Data Throughput: Channel Size

Modulation Type: 32 QAM, 16 QAM, QPSK Forward Error Correction (FEC): Reed-Solomon Acquisition Time— Typical: From power up, 10 seconds Voltage Range: 24 Vdc or 48 Vdc (±20%) Power Consumption: Less than 60 watts (non-protected configuration) Temperature Range: – 5° to 50° C Humidity: ≤ 90% non-condensing @ 40° C Size: 1 RU; 19 Inch rack mount compatible

800–960 MHz (LEDR 900S) 1350–1535 MHz (LEDR 1400S)

With optional FT1 Interface Board: n x 64 kbps (Where n = 12)

Data Rate 25 kHz 64 kbps 50 kHz 64 kbps to 128 kbps 100 kHz 64 kbps to 256 kbps 200 kHz 64 kbps to 768 kbps

45 mm (1.75 in) high, 1RU 426 mm (16.75 in) wide (excluding rack brackets) 305 mm (12 in) deep

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 125

Transmitter

Transmit Power: +30 dBm (1 watt) at antenna port Output Control Range: 0 dB to –10 dB Frequency Stability: 1.5 ppm Spurious Outputs: < –60 dBc 400S

< –60 dBc 900S < –60 dBm 1400S

Receiver

Sensitivity (for 10-6 BER): Bandwidth Data Rate Sensitivity

25 kHz 64 kbps –101 dBm 50 kHz 128 kbps –98 dBm 100 kHz 256 kbps –95 dBm 200 kHz 768 kbps –92 dBm

Residual BER: < 1 x 10 Dynamic Range: > 65 dB

-10

Interfaces

Data: EIA-530,

Orderwire: Voice handset interface, DTMF capable Service Channel: RS-232 @ 9600 bps Ethernet: 10 Base-T Console Port: RS-232, 9600 bps to 38.4 kbps Alarms: 4 programmable outputs; 4 inputs Antenna: 50 Ω Impedance

G.703 100 Ω, balanced (RJ-45) with optional FT1 Interface Board

Network Management System

Accessibility: Via built-in HTTP server or command line interface SNMP Management (Optional): Using MIB II and custom enterprise MIB

Diagnostic Functions

Via Front Panel LEDs: Power, Active, General Alarm, Rx Alarm, Tx Alarm

Via Front Panel LCD Display : Measurements of

Data Loopback: Local and Remote

& I/O Alarm

RSSI, RF Power, Signal-to-Noise ratio, BER

Agency Approvals

LEDR 400S EMC: ETS 300 385 LEDR 900S Transmission: FCC Part 101, RS-119

EMC: FCC Part 15

126 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

LEDR 1400S Transmission: ETS 300 630, MPT 1717

Environmental: ETS 300 019, Class 3.2 EMC: ETS 300 385 Safety: CE Mark

17.2 Specifications— Models: LEDR 400F, 900F, 1400F

General

Frequency Ranges: 330–512 MHz (LEDR 400F)

RF Occupied Bandwidth: 500 kHz, 1 MHz & 2 MHz User Data Rates: 1 x E1 (2.048 Mbps)

Permitted Data Throughput: Channel Size

Modulation Type: 32 QAM, 16 QAM, QPSK Forward Error Correction (FEC): Reed-Solomon Acquisition Time (Typical): From power up, 10 seconds Voltage Range: 24 Vdc or 48 Vdc (±20%) Power Consumption: Less than 60 watts (non-protected configuration) Temperature Range: –5° to 50° C Humidity: ≤ 90% non-condensing @ 40° C Size: 1RU, 19 Inch rack mount compatible

800–960 MHz (LEDR 900F) 1350–1535 MHz (LEDR 1400F)

2 x E1 (4.096 Mbps) 4 x E1 (8.192 Mbps)

Data Rate 500 kHz 1 x E1 (2.048 Mbps) 1 MHz 2 x E1 (4.096 Mbps) 2 MHz 4 x E1 (8.192 Mbps)

45 mm (1.75 in) high, 1RU 426 mm (16.75 in) wide (excluding rack brackets) 305 mm (12 in) deep

Transmitter

Transmit Power: +30 dBm (1 watt) at antenna port Output Control Range: 0 dB to –10 dB Frequency Stability: 1.5 ppm Spurious Outputs: < –60 dBc (400F)

< –60 dBm (1400F)

Receiver

Sensitivity (for 10-6 BER): Bandwidth Data Rate Sensitivity

Residual BER: < 10 Dynamic Range: > 65 dB

500 kHz 1 x E1 –90 dBm 1 MHz 2 x E1 –87 dBm 2 MHz 4 x E1 –84 dBm

–10

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 127

Interfaces

Data: G.703 120 Ω, balanced (4 x RJ-45) Orderwire: Voice handset interface, DTMF capable Service Channel: RS-232 @ 9600 bps Ethernet: 10 Base-T Console Port: RS-232, 9600 bps to 38.4 kbps Alarms: 4 programmable outputs, 4 inputs Antenna: 50Ω Impedance

Network Management System

Accessibility: Via built-in HTTP server or command line interface SNMP Management (Optional): Using MIB II and custom enterprise MIB

Diagnostic Functions

Via Front Panel LEDs: Power, Active, General Alarm, Rx Alarm, Tx Alarm,

Via Front Panel LCD Display : Measurements of

Data Loopback: Local and Remote

I/O Alarm

RSSI, RF Power, Signal-to-Noise ratio, BER

Agency Approvals

LEDR 1400F Transmission: ETS 300 630, MPT 1717

Environmental: ETS 300 019, Class 3.2 EMC: ETS 300 385 Safety: CE Mark

17.3 Specifications— Protected Switch Chassis

Transmitter Coupling Loss: 2 dB (Typical) Receive Coupling Losses: 4 dB with Symmetrical Splitter (Typical)

Power Consumption: Less than 135 watts

2 dB/10 dB with Asymmetrical Splitter (Typical)

(Two LEDR radios and Protected Switch Chassis)

17.4 Optional Equipment (Consult factory for details)

• Space Diversity

• Hot-standby Protected

• Warm-standby Protected

• Bandwidth Upgrade Kits

128 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

17.5 Accessories

• 120/240 Vac 50/60 Hz Power Supply (24 Vdc Output)

• Orderwire Handset

• Other items listed in Table 29 on Page 116

NOTE: The factory reserves the right to make changes to this specification without advance notice or obligation to any person.

17.6 I/O Connector Pinout Information

Orderwire—Front Panel

Invisible place holder

RJ-45

1 2 3 4 5 6

RJ-11

Pin Signal Direction

1 + 12 Vdc Output 2 Ground — 3 Ear – Output 4 Ear + Output 5 Mouth Input 6 Ground —

Figure 32. Orderwire RJ-11 Connector

CONSOLE Port—Front Panel

GROUND

Invisible place holder

TXD (DATA IN)

RXD (DATA OUT)

234

DCE

Figure 33. CONSOLE Port DB-9 Female Pinout

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 129

Ethernet—Rear Panel

Invisible place holder

RJ-45

Pin Signal Direction

1 Ethernet Transmit High Output

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2 Ethernet Transmit Low Output 3 Ethernet Receive High Input 4 No Connection — 5 No Connection — 6 Ethernet Receive Low Input

10Base-T

7 No Connection — 8 No Connection —

Figure 34. Ethernet Connector

EIA-530-A Data—Rear Panel

Signal

Common

Pin No.

25 24 23 22 21

20 19 18 17 16 15 14

Source

DCE

DTE

Return

DTE

Return

DTE DCE Return DCE Return

Designation

Ext. Transmit Signal Element Timing (A)

Receiver Signal Element Timing (A)

Transmit Signal Element Timing (A)

Test Mode

Remote Loopback

Request to Send (B)

Local Loopback

Rec e ive r D a ta (B)

Transmitted Data (B)

Invisible place holder

Signal

No.

Designation

Clear to Send (B)

Transmit Signal Element Timing (B)

Ext. Transmit Signal Element Timing (B)

11 10

Received Line Signal Detector (B)

Receiver Signal Element Timing (B)

Received Line Signal Detector (A)

Signal Ground

DCE Ready (A)

Clear to Send (A)

Request to Send (A)

Received Data (A)

Tran s mitted Data ( A )

Shield

Source

Return Return Return Return Return

DCE

Common

DCE DCE

DTE

DCE

DTE

Common

Figure 35. EIA-530 Connector Pinout (DB-25)

G.703 Data Connectors (4)—Rear Panel

Invisible place holder

Pin Signal Direction

1 Differential digital output signal, ring Output

RJ-45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Figure 36. G.703 Data Connector Pinout (RJ-45)

2 Differential digital output signal, tip Output 3 Ground

(Early models: No Connection) 4 Differential digital input signal, ring Input 5 Differential digital input signal, tip Input 6 Early models: No Connection

Late models: Ground 7 No Connection — 8 No Connection —

—

130 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Service Channel—Rear Panel

DTR (OUT)

GROUND

Invisible place holder

TXD (DATA OUT)

RXD (DATA IN)

234

DCD (IN)

DSR (IN)

CTS (IN)

RTS (OUT)

DTE

Figure 37. Service Channel Connector Pinout (DB-9 Male)

Alarm—Rear Panel

Invisible place holder

ALARM IN 3

ALARM IN 4

GROUND

ALARM OUT 4

ALARM OUT 3

ALARM OUT 2

234

ALARM IN 2

ALARM IN 1

ALARM OUT 1

Invisible place holder

Figure 38. Alarm Connector DB-9 Female Pinout

(See See “Alarm I/O” on Page 20 for parameters.)

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 131

17.7 Watts-dBm-Volts Conversion

Table 31 is provided as a convenience for determining the equivalent

voltage or wattage of an RF power expressed in dBm.

Invisible place holder

Table 31. dBm-Volts-Watts Conversion Chart

dBm V Po

+53 100.0 200W +50 70.7 100W +49 64.0 80W +48 58.0 64W +47 50.0 50W +46 44.5 40W +45 40.0 32W +44 32.5 25W +43 32.0 20W +42 28.0 16W +41 26.2 12.5W +40 22.5 10W +39 20.0 8W +38 18.0 6.4W +37 16.0 5W +36 14.1 4W +35 12.5 3.2W +34 11.5 2.5W +33 10.0 2W +32 9.0 1.6W +31 8.0 1.25W +30 7.10 1.0W +29 6.40 800mW +28 5.80 640mW +27 5.00 500mW +26 4.45 400mW +25 4.00 320mW +24 3.55 250mW +23 3.20 200mW +22 2.80 160mW +21 2.52 125mW +20 2.25 100mW +19 2.00 80mW +18 1.80 64mW +17 1.60 50mW +16 1.41 40mW +15 1.25 32mW +14 1.15 25mW +13 1.00 20mW +12 .90 16mW +11 .80 12.5mW +10 .71 10mW +9 .64 8mW +8 .58 6.4mW +7 .500 5mW +6 .445 4mW +5 .400 3.2mW +4 .355 2.5mW +3 .320 2.0mW +2 .280 1.6mW +1 .252 1.25mW

dBm V Po

0 .225 1.0mW

-1 .200 .80mW

-2 .180 .64mW

-3 .160 .50mW

-4 .141 .40mW

-5 .125 .32mW

-6 .115 .25mW

-7 .100 .20mW

-8 .090 .16mW

-9 .080 .125mW

-10 .071 .10mW

-11 .064

-12 .058

-13 .050

-14 .045

-15 .040

-16 .0355

dBm mV Po

-17 31.5

-18 28.5

-19 25.1

-20 22.5 .01mW

-21 20.0

-22 17.9

-23 15.9

-24 14.1

-25 12.8

-26 11.5

-27 10.0

-28 8.9

-29 8.0

-30 7.1 .001mW

-31 6.25

-32 5.8

-33 5.0

-34 4.5

-35 4.0

-36 3.5

-37 3.2

-38 2.85

-39 2.5

-40 2.25 .1µW

-41 2.0

-42 1.8

-43 1.6

-44 1.4

-45 1.25

-46 1.18

-47 1.00

-48 0.90

dBm mV Po

-49 0.80

-50 0.71 .01µW

-51 0.64

-52 0.57

-53 0.50

-54 0.45

-55 0.40

-56 0.351

-57 0.32

-58 0.286

-59 0.251

-60 0.225 .001µW

-61 0.200

-62 0.180

-63 0.160

-64 0.141

dBm µV Po

-65 128

-66 115

-67 100

-68 90

-69 80

-70 71 .1nW

-71 65

-72 58

-73 50

-74 45

-75 40

-76 35

-77 32

-78 29

-79 25

-80 22.5 .01nW

-81 20.0

-82 18.0

-83 16.0

-84 11.1

-85 12.9

-86 11.5

-87 10.0

-88 9.0

-89 8.0

-90 7.1 .001nW

-91 6.1

-92 5.75

-93 5.0

-94 4.5

-95 4.0

-96 3.51

-97 3.2

dBm µV Po

-98 2.9

-99 2.51

-100 2.25 .1pW

-101 2.0

-102 1.8

-103 1.6

-104 1.41

-105 1.27

-106 1.18

dBm nV Po

-107 1000

-108 900

-109 800

-110 710 .01pW

-111 640

-112 580

-113 500

-114 450

-115 400

-116 355

-117 325

-118 285

-119 251

-120 225 .001pW

-121 200

-122 180

-123 160

-124 141

-125 128

-126 117

-127 100

-128 90

-129 80 .1ƒW

-130 71

-131 61

-132 58

-133 50

-134 45

-135 40

-136 35

-137 33

-138 29

-139 25

-140 23 .01ƒW

18.0 RADIO EVENT CODES

Table 32 lists the event codes that may be encountered during operation

of the radio. These codes may be read from a terminal using the

pending

command. (See Page 57 for a full description of the events com-

mand.)

132 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

events

NOTE: The event codes listed here are available on radios equipped

with the optional FT1 Interface Board. Standard “S” Series radios will display fewer codes.

Table 32. Event Codes

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

0 EXT_ALARM_IN1 External Alarm Input #1 ALARM CRITICAL 1 EXT_ALARM_IN2 External Alarm Input #2 ALARM CRITICAL 2 EXT_ALARM_IN3 External Alarm Input #3 ALARM CRITICAL 3 EXT_ALARM_IN4 External Alarm Input #4 ALARM CRITICAL 4 MODULATOR_EV Communication failure

with modulator

5 DEMODULATOR_EV Communication failure

with demodulator

6 MOD_SELFTEST Modulator selftest failed NONE CRITICAL 7 DEMOD_SELFTEST Demodulator selftest

failed

8 PERM_REGN_CHECKSUM Permanent region

checksum failed

9 APP1_REGN_CHECKSUM Application #1 checksum

failed

10 APP2_REGN_CHECKSUM Application #2 checksum

failed

11 BOOT_REGN_CHECKSUM Boot loader checksum

failed

12 CONF1_REGN_CHECKSUM Configuration Data region

#1 checksum failed

13 CONF2_REGN_CHECKSUM Configuration Data region

#2 checksum failed

14 RTC_TEST Real-time clock error NONE INFORM 15 BBRAM_TEST NV-RAM test failed NONE INFORM 16 BATTERY_LOW NV-RAM battery is low ALARM MAJOR 17 TX_SYNTH_LOCK Transmit Synthesizer

out-of-lock

18 RX_SYNTH_LOCK Receive Synthesizer

out-of-lock

19 DIG_POWER_REF Digital Power Reference

is out of specified range

20 TEMPERATURE Temperature sensor

reads over 80 degrees Celsius

21 TX_POWER_LOOP Transmit Power Loop is

out-of-lock

22 DEMOD_SNR_LOW Demodulator

Signal-to-Noise ratio is unacceptably low

LED

ALARM CRITICAL

NONE INFORM

TXALARM CRITICAL

RXALARM CRITICAL

ALARM CRITICAL

TXALARM MAJOR

NONE MINOR

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 133

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

23 DEMOD_AGC_RSSI Demodulator Automatic

Gain Controlled RSSI too low

24 DEMOD_FEC_RECOVER FEC circuitry has detected

and corrected one or more errors

25 DEMOD_FEC_UNRECOVER FEC circuitry has detected

one or more uncorrectable errors

26 DEMOD_MULTIPATH Excessive multipath

distortion detected

27 DEMOD_ACQUISITION Demodulator lost sync.

lock on received signal

28 TX_TO_REMOTE_RX Problem with link between

the local transmitter & remote Rx

29 REDUNDANT_ALARM Problem with redundant

unit

30 WDOG_TIME_OUT Processor watchdog has

expired and reset the processor

31 RX_OFF Radio is not receiving due

to a weak signal or equipment failure

32 SOFTWARE_TX_OFF Software command has

unkeyed the radio

33 RTC_NOT_SET The real time clock is not

programmed

34 IO1_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK The radio’s 530 or TELCO

I/O port is in Digital local loopback mode

35 IO2_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK The radio’s 2nd TELCO

I/O port is in Digital local loopback mode

36 IO3_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK The radio’s 3rd TELCO

I/O port is in Digital local loopback mode

37 IO4_DIG_LOC_lOOPBACK The radio’s 4th TELCO

I/O port is in Digital local loopback mode

38 RF_LOCAL_LOOPBACK The radio is in Local RF

loopback test mode

39 IO1_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK The radio’s 530 or TELCO

I/O port is in Digital Remote loopback mode

40 IO2_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK The radio’s 2nd TELCO

I/O port is in Digital Remote loopback mode

LED

NONE MINOR

RXALARM CRITICAL

ALARM CRITICAL

RXALARM CRITICAL

TXALARM CRITICAL

NONE MINOR

NONE INFORM

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

134 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

41 IO3_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK The radio’s 3rd TELCO

I/O port is in Digital Remote loopback mode

42 IO4_DIG_REM_LOOPBACK The radio’s 4th TELCO

I/O port is in Digital Remote loopback mode

43 RAW_SERVICE_CHANNEL The Raw Service Channel

data frame is exhibiting error

44 ATOD_REFERENCE A fault is detected with the

Analog to Digital converter

45 NEW_CONFIG_REV A new revision of

configuration data structure has been detected

46 FPGA_LOAD FPGA is not loaded

correctly

47 DATE_TIME_CHANGE The date or time is been

modified

48 HARDWARE_TX_OFF The transmitter key

hardware is in an unkeyed state

49 INACTIVE_ON Current radio transceiver

is in standby mode when in protected radio chassis

50 NO_OPTION_UNIT No Option Card is

detected

51 VOCODER_INIT_ERR The voice processor

initialization failed

52 VOCODER_ERROR The voice processor is

reporting a problem

53 POWER_ON_RESET This indicates PowerOn

Reset Cycle

54 EXT_HARD_RESET This indicates last

Power-Up Cycle was due to External Hard Reset

55 EXT_SOFT_RESET This indicates last

Power-Up Cycle was due to External Soft Reset

56 INACT_CONFIG_SYNC Protected 1+1 mode

Active to Inactive Configuration data sync. error

57 NEW FIRMWARE LOADED New firmware has been

downloaded from flash memory.

58 CONFIG_CHANGED The radio transceiver

configuration has been modified

LED

NONE INFORM

ALARM MAJOR

ALARM CRITICAL

NONE INFORM

TXALARM CRITICAL

ALARM MAJOR

NONE INFORM

ALARM MAJOR

NONE INFORM

ALARM CRITICAL

NONE INFORM

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 135

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

59 SELFTEST_COMPLETE A self test has completed

execution

60 PERFORM_DEGRADED A performance

degradation threshold has been exceeded

61 DUPLICATE_UNIT_ID Another unit with the

same unit ID has been detected

62 LINK_UNAVAILABLE The G821 status indicates

that the link is unavailable

63 EVENT_LOG_CLEARED The event log has been

cleared

64 FAN1_TROUBLE There is a problem with

the fan

65 Reserved for future use ——— 66 USER_REBOOT The user has rebooted the

radio

67 MODEM_LOCAL_LOOPBACK Modulator data path is

locally looped back to Demodulator

68 MODEM_REMOTE_LOOPBACKDemodulator data path is

looped back to modulator for remote radio loopback application

69 OPT_MUX_LOOBACK Option card multiplexed

data path from Line(s) is looped back

70 IO1_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV Radio is server for remote

radio loopback mode with its payload data at Line IO #1 looped back to the commanding local radio

71 IO2_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV Radio is server for remote

radio loopback mode with its payload data at Line IO #2 looped back to the commanding local radio

72 IO3_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV Radio is server for remote

radio loopback mode with its payload data at Line IO #3 looped back to the commanding local radio

73 IO4_REM_LOOPBACK_SERV Radio is server for remote

radio loopback mode with its payload data at Line IO #4 looped back to the commanding local radio

74 IO1_RECVR_LOF Line IO #1 receiver

Loss-of-framing alarm.

LED

NONE INFORM

ALARM INFORM

NONE INFORM

ALARM INFORM

NONE INFORM

I/O ALARM CRITICAL

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

136 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

75 IO1_RECVR_LOS Line IO #1 receiver

Loss-of-signal alarm

76 IO1_RECVR_ALOS Line IO #1 receiver

Loss-of-analog-signal alarm

77 IO1_RECVR_AIS Line IO #1 receiver

detected AIS alarm

78 IO1_RECVR_RAI Line IO #1 receiver

detected RAI (yellow) alarm

79 IO1_RECVR_MRAI Line IO #1 receiver

detected multi-framed RAI (yellow) alarm

80 IO1_RECVR_SEF Line IO #1 receiver

detected Severely Errored Frames

81 IO1_RECVR_COFA Line IO #1 receiver

detected Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm

82 IO1_RECVR_MAIS Line IO #1 receiver

detected multi-framed AIS alarm

83 IO1_RECVR_FEBE Line IO #1 receiver

detected E1 Far-End-Block-Errors alarm

84 IO1_RECVR_LCV Line IO #1 receiver

detected Line-CodeViolation alarm

85 IO1_RECVR_CRC Line IO #1 receiver

detected CRC alarm

86 IO1_RECVR_FBIT Line IO #1 receiver

detected Frame Bit Error

87 IO2_RECVR_LOF Line IO #2 receiver

Loss-of-framing alarm

88 IO2_RECVR_LOS Line IO #2 receiver

Loss-of-signal alarm

89 IO2_RECVR_ALOS Line IO #2 receiver

Loss-of-analog-signal alarm

90 I02_RECVR_AIS Line IO #2 receiver

detected AIS alarm

91 IO2_RECVR_RAI Line IO #2 receiver

detected RAI (yellow) alarm

92 IO2_RECVR_MRAI Line IO #2 receiver

detected multi-framed RAI (yellow) alarm

LED

I/O ALARM CRITICAL

I/O ALARM INFORM

I/O ALARM CRITICAL

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 137

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

93 IO2_RECVR_SEF Line IO #2 receiver

detected Severely Errored Frames

94 IO2RECVR_COFA Line IO #2 receiver

detected Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm

95 IO2_RECVR_MAIS Line IO #2 receiver

detected multi-framed AIS alarm

96 IO2_RECVR_FEBE Line IO #2 receiver

detected E1 Far-End-Block-Errors alarm

97 IO2_RECVR_LCV Line IO #2 receiver

detected Line-Code-Violation alarm

98 IO2_RECVR_CRC Line IO #2 receiver

detected CRC alarm

99 IO2_RECVR_FBIT Line IO #2 receiver

detected Frame Bit Error

100 IO3_RECVR_LOF Line IO #3 receiver

Loss-of-framing alarm

101 IO3_RECVR_LOS Line IO #3 receiver

Loss-of-signal alarm

102 IO3_RECVR_ALOS Line IO #3 receiver

Loss-of-analog-signal alarm

103 IO3_RECVR_AIS Line IO #3 receiver

detected AIS alarm

104 IO3_RECVR_RAI Line IO #3 receiver

detected RAI (yellow) alarm

105 IO3_RECVR_MRAI Line IO #3 receiver

detected multi-framed RAI (yellow) alarm

106 IO3_RECVR_SEF Line IO #3 receiver

detected Severely Errored Frames

107 IO3_RECVR_COFA Line IO #3 receiver

detected Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm

108 IO3_RECVR_MAIS Line IO #3 receiver

detected multi-framed AIS alarm

109 IO3_RECVR_FEBE Line IO #3 receiver

detected E1 Far-End-Block-Errors alarm

LED

I/O ALARM CRITICAL

I/O ALARM INFORM

I/O ALARM CRITICAL

I/O ALARM INFORM

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

138 LEDR Series II Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

110 IO3_RECVR_LCV Line IO #3 receiver

detected Line-CodeViolation alarm

111 IO3_RECVR_CRC Line IO #3 receiver

detected CRC alarm

112 IO3_RECVR_FBIT Line IO #3 receiver

detected Frame Bit Error

113 IO4_RECVR_LOF Line IO #4 receiver

Loss-of-framing alarm

114 IO4_RE CVR_LOS Line IO #4 receiver

Loss-of-signal alarm

115 IO4_RECVR_ALOS Line IO #4 receiver

Loss-of-analog-signal alarm

116 IO4_RECVR_AIS Line IO #4 receiver

detected AIS alarm

117 IO4_RECVR_RAI Line IO #4 receiver

detected RAI (yellow) alarm

118 IO4_RECVR_MRAI Line IO #4 receiver

detected multi-framed RAI (yellow) alarm

119 IO4_RECVR_SEF Line IO #4 receiver

detected Severely Errored Frames

120 IO4_RECVR_COFA Line IO #4 receiver

detected Change-of-FrameAlignment alarm

121 IO4_RECVR_MAIS Line IO #4 receiver

detected multi-framed AIS alarm

122 IO4_RECVR_FEBE Line IO #4 receiver

detected E1 Far-End-Block-Errors alarm

123 IO4_RECVR_LCV Line IO #4 receiver

detected Line-Code-Violation alarm

124 IO4_RECVR_CRC Line IO #4 receiver

detected CRC alarm

LED

I/O ALARM INFORM

I/O ALARM CRITICAL

I/O ALARM INFORM

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

139 LEDR Series II Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

Table 32. Event Codes (Continued)

ID EVENT NAME DESCRIPTION DEFAULT

125 IO4_RECVR_FBIT Line IO #4 receiver

detected Frame Bit Error

126 DIG_REM_LOOPBACK For EIA-530, local radio is

in remote loopback mode

127 SERV_REM_LOOPBACK For EIA-530, local radio

(as remote server) is serving remote loopback mode

128 BAD_CLKMODE Line framers detected bad

clock mode configuration

LED

I/O ALARM INFORM

NONE INFORM

19.0 IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY

MDS products are designed for long life and trouble-free operation. However, this equipment, as with all electronic equipment, may have an occasional component failure. The following information will assist you in the event that servicing becomes necessary.

19.1 FACTORY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

SNMP TRAP LEVEL

Assistance for MDS products is available from our Technical Services group during business hours (8:00 A.M.–5:30 P.M. Eastern Time). When calling, please give the complete model number of the radio, along with a description of the trouble symptom(s) that you are experiencing. In many cases, problems can be resolved over the telephone, without the need for returning the unit to the factory.

Please use the following telephone numbers for product assistance:

716-241-5510 (Phone) 716-242-8369 (FAX)

19.2 FACTORY REPAIRS

Component level repair of radio equipment is not recommended in the field. Many components are installed using surface mount technology, which requires specialized training and equipment for proper servicing. For this reason, the equipment should be returned to the factory for any PC board repairs. The factory is best equipped to diagnose, repair and align your radio to its proper operating specifications.

140 LEDR Series II Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

If return of the equipment is necessary, you will be issued a Returned Material Authorization (RMA) number. The RMA number will help expedite the repair so that the equipment can be repaired and returned to you as quickly as possible. Please be sure to include the RMA number on the outside of the shipping box, and on any correspondence relating to the repair. No equipment will be accepted for repair without an RMA

number.

A statement should accompany the radio describing, in detail, the trouble symptom(s), and a description of any associated equipment normally connected to the radio. It is also important to include the name and telephone number of a person in your organization who can be contacted if additional information is required.

The radio must be properly packed for return to the factory. The original shipping container and packaging materials should be used whenever possible. All factory returns should be addressed to:

Microwave Data Systems Inc. Customer Service Department (RMA No. XXXX) 175 Science Parkway Rochester, NY 14620 USA

When repairs have been completed, the equipment will be returned to you by the same shipping method used to send it to the factory. Please specify if you wish to make different shipping arrangements.

141 LEDR Series II Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

142 LEDR Series II Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

GLOSSARY

AMI—Alternate Mark Inversion. A bipolar format where consecutive marks (ones) have the polarity inverted. Spaces (ones) are represented by zero volts. This technique prevents long sequences of positive or negative voltages.

Analog—Signals with a continuously varying amplitude, such as the human voice.

BERT—Bit-error rate test. The results of a BERT are normally expressed as a ratio (power of 10) of the number of bits received in error compared to the total number received.

BER—Bit-error rate. See also BERT. Bit—Binary digit. The smallest unit of digital

data, often represented by a one or a zero. Eight bits usually comprise a byte.

bps—Bits-per-second. A measure of the infor- mation transfer rate of digital data across a communication channel.

Byte—A digital “word” usually made up of eight bits.

dBi—Decibels of gain relative to an isotropic radiator. (A hypothetical antenna which radiates equally in all directions.) Used to express antenna gain.

dBm—Decibels relative to one milliwatt. An absolute unit used to measure signal power, as in transmitter power output, or received signal strength.

DTR—Data Terminal Ready. A control signal sent from the radio indicating that it is ready to transmit data.

CPE—Customer premise (provided) equip- ment.

DCE— Data (circuit terminating) Communi- cations Equipment. In data communications terminology, this is the “modem” side of a computer-to-modem connection. The transceiver is a DCE device which is designed to connect to a DTE device.

Decibel (dB)—A measure of the ratio between two signal levels. Frequently used to express the gain or loss of a system.

DSP—Digital Signal Processing. A processing technique that uses software algorithms to filter, shape, or otherwise modify the characteristics of a given signal. In the LEDR radio, DSP is used primarily in modulation and demodulation functions.

E1—An international telephony standard that operates at 2.048 megabits-per-second (Mbps). This transmission speed is commonly used throughout the world except for North America (which uses T1 1.544 Mbps). Framed E1 consists of 30 digitized telephone channels and two 64 Kbps control channels.

EIRP—Effective Isotropic Radiated Power. Commonly used to express the power radiated from a gain antenna. It is equal to the power transmitted (minus feedline loss) plus the antenna gain.

Fade Margin—The maximum tolerable reduction in received signal strength which still provides an acceptable signal quality. This compensates for reduced signal strength due to multipath, slight antenna movement or changing atmospheric losses. Expressed in decibels.

FEC—Forward Error Correction. Extra data is added to the transmitted signal to allow for detection and correction of some transmission errors.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 143

Frame—A segment of data that adheres to a specific data protocol and contains definite start and end points. It provides a method of synchronizing transmissions.

Fresnel Zone—A point of maximum width or girth of the transmitted radio signal. Obstructions in this region (the “first Fresnel zone”) can have a detrimental effect on reception quality. As a general rule, 60 percent of the first Fresnel zone should be free of obstructions in a well designed system. (Additional considerations are also required when planning a microwave path.

G.703—The ITU standard defining the charac- teristics of digital interfaces (pulse shape, voltage levels, etc.). This applies to high-speed, three-level data being sent over coaxial or twisted pair lines.

G.821—The ITU standard by which data trans- mission quality is measured. The analysis considers available vs. unavailable time.

Half-Power Beamwidth—The customary way of measuring the width of a directional antenna’s radiation pattern. This beamwidth is measured in degrees between the half-power points (the point at which the power is reduced 3 dB with respect to the main beam).

HDB3—High density bipolar order of 3. A line interface standard for E1 transmission that employs coding to eliminate data streams with four or more consecutive zeros.

Hitless Switching Operation—Refers to the practice of switching between receive signal paths without introducing bit errors or timing slips. This feature is required for space or frequency diversity applications.

Hot Standby—Refers to a state of the inactive (standby) transceiver in a Protected or Redundant configuration. In a Hot Standby configuration, the standby transceiver is actively transmitting.

ITU—International Telecommunications Union.

kbps—Kilobits-per-second.

Linecode—Refers to the data coding format

used by the radio for the line interface. (It does not pertain to the radio’s modulation coding.) The available linecode selections are HDB3 and AMI.

Mbps—Megabits-per-second.

MIB—Management Information Base. The

MIB stores SNMP messages that are directed to the management console. This can include Server events, statistical data and system queries.

Multipath Fading—Signals arriving at the receiver out of phase which have a tendency to cancel each other. It is caused by reflections of the transmitted wave and results in distortion at the receiver or weak received signal strength.

Multiplexer—A signal processing unit that combines multiple streams of data into one for transmission across a single data channel.

NMS—Network Management System. A software application used to configure, diagnose and monitor a communication network. The LEDR radio’s SNMP program is an example of an NMS.

Protected Radio—A radio configuration where there are redundant modules that automatically become active in the event of a failure.

Protected Operation—Refers to the practice of providing redundant transmit and receive signal paths through the radio (antenna to customer payload interface) so that no single point of failure in a single radio will interrupt the link. This feature is also referred to as 1+1 Operation and is usually provided by operating the system using Hot Standby.

PSC—Protected Switch Chassis. Chassis holding data and RF control/switch circuitry in a redundant/protected configuration.

144 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

QAM—Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. Uses phase shifts and amplitude changes to send high-speed data in a comparatively narrow RF channel. See also QPSK.

QPSK—Quadrature Phase Shift Keying. Uses four levels of phase shift to send high-speed data with a higher system gain than QAM modulation. See also QAM.

Redundant Switching—Refers to the practice of switching between transmit signal paths when a fault condition occurs on the currently active radio.

RSSI—Received signal strength indication. Expressed in dBm.

SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol. A common network management system (NMS) protocol used to monitor and control a communications network

SNR—Signal-to-noise ratio. Expressed in decibels (dB).

SWR—Standing Wave Ratio. A parameter related to the ratio between forward transmitter power and the reflected power from the antenna system. As a general guideline, reflected power should not exceed 10% of the forward power (2:1 SWR).

TFTP—Trivial File Transfer Protocol. A standard network protocol used to send and receive files between two devices.

Warm Standby—Refers to a state of the inactive (standby) transceiver in a Protected or Redundant configuration. In a Warm Standby configuration, the standby transceiver is not transmitting and must be keyed after switching.

MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide 145

146 LEDR Series Installation & Operation Guide MDS 05-3627A01, Rev. C

QUICK START GUIDE

Continued from inside of the front cover.

7. Set TCP/IP settings to enable SNMP and/or Telnet Network Management (If required)

• The unit IP address are factory configured with a unique address based on the last three digits of the unit serial number.

• Use IP command to change the IP address, set netmask, gateway and IP Port as necessary. In a protected radio, change the RDNT settings to match the user-assigned IP addresses.

8. Assign user conﬁgurable ﬁelds (As required)

Many items are user configurable, to ease customer use. These include, but are not limited to the following. See the NMS command description in the manual for more detail:

• Set user information fields using INFO command (Page 62).

• Set alarms and alarm mappings using the ALARM (Page 49) and EVMAP (Page 57) commands.

• Set alarm thresholds using the THRESHOLD command (Page 83).

• Set the SNMP community using the SNMPCOMM command (Page 81).

9. Perform bench tests to verify the performance of the radio

The data performance and NMS should be veriﬁed. Use the LOOPBACK commands (Page 69) to verify data throughput. (See “BENCH TESTING OF RADIOS” on Page 124.)

10.Install the link

Peak the antennas for maximum RSSI using the continuously updated RSSI command (Page 80) through the front panel screen or the TREND command (Page 86) via the NMS.

11. Verify proper operation by observing the LED display

• Refer to “Front Panel” on Page 13 for a description of the status LEDs.

• Aim directional antenna for maximum receive signal strength using the RSSI Screen.

12. Conﬁgure the SNMP Manager software

• Refer to the SNMP Handbook (Part No. 05-3532A01). (This manual is published by MDS in paper form, or may be downloaded from our web site at www.microwavedata.com.

End of Quick Start Guide

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