GE MDS DS-MERCURY900 Users Manual
Microwave Data Systems Inc.
TM
MDS Mercury 900
User’s Guide
Wireless IP/Ethernet Transceiver
Covering Firmware Release 1.x
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
APRIL 2006
PRELIMINARY
QUICK-ST
QUICK-ST
ART INSTRUCTIONS
ART INSTRUCTIONS
INSTALLATION SUMMARY
Step 1 – Mount the Transceiver
Step 2 – Install the Antenna
Step 3 – Measure & Connect Primary Power
Step 4 – Review the transceiver’s Configuration
Device Mode—Access Point, or Remote (Default)
Network Name—Unique name for each radio network.
Required for Remotes to associate with Access Point.
IP Address—Must be a unique number to allow for IP access
through the Ethernet Port.
NOTE: A unique IP address is essential to access the browser-based
Management System.
RF Output Power—Adjust as necessary for regulatory compliance.
(Default = 1 Watt /+30 dBm)
Password—Used for remote access and some Management System
features. (Default = admin)
Step 5 – Connect the Data Equipment
Connect the data equipment to data port(s):
• LAN—10BaseT Ethernet-compatible equipment:
Ethernet Hub (Straight-Through Cable); Ethernet Node (Crossover)
• COM1—Management System (Default); Serial (Alternate)
Step 6 – Check for Normal Operation
• Observe the transceiver LED status panel for the proper indications. In a normally operating system, the following LED indications
will be seen within 30 seconds of power-up:
PWR—Lights continuously LAN—On or blinks intermittently LINK— On or blinks intermittently (Remotes: if associated)
• Use PING command to test basic data link integrity between Access Point and Remotes.
• If the PING command is successful, connect the RTU/data equipment to the data port and verify normal operation.
• If the LINK LED on Remotes is not on after 20 to 30 seconds, the unit has failed to associate with the Access Point. It may be
necessary to reposition or redirect the radio’s antenna for better reception/signal strength.
• Check connected data equipment for normal operation
(10.5–30 Vdc)
DATA TERMINAL
EQUIPMENT OR
LAN/WAN
TRANSCEIVER
COMPUTER
W/TERMINAL
EMULATOR
POWER SUPPLY
13.8 VDC @ 580 mA (Max.)
(10.5–30 Vdc)
Negative Ground Only
TYPICAL INSTALLATION
ANTENNA
SYSTEM
LOW-LOSS FEEDLINE
BASIC CONFIGURA TION DEF AULTS
The Management System can be accessed through the COM1 Port using a terminal session on a PC. The basic items listed below,
along with many other parameters & tools can be accessed through this method. HTTP, Telnet access, and changing some parameters
are controlled by password.
ITEM MGT SYSTEM MENU
Device Mode Network Configuration
Unit Password Device Information
Network Name Network Configuration
IP Address Network Configuration
RF Output Power Radio Configuration
Detailed instructions for setting transceiver parameters are contained in Section 3 of this manual.
DEFAULT
Remote
admin
(lower case)
"Not Programmed"
192.168.1.1
+30 dBm (1.0 Watt)
VALUES/RANGE
• Remote
•Access Point
•1–8 alphanumeric characters
•Case-sensitive; can be mixed case
• 1–16 alphanumeric characters
• Case-sensitive; can be mixed case
Contact your Network Administrator
20–30 dBm @ 50Ω (0.1–1.0 Watt)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW AND APPLICATIONS .......... 1
1.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 3
1.1.1 Model Offerings .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 APPLICATIONS .................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.1 Wireless LAN .............................................................................................................................. 6
1.2.2 Point-to-Point LAN Extension .....................................................................................................6
1.2.3 Backhaul for Serial Radio Networks ...........................................................................................7
1.2.4 Multiple Protocols and/or Services ............................................................................................. 7
1.2.5 Wireless LAN with Mixed Services .............................................................................................8
1.2.6 Upgrading Older Wireless Network with
Serial Interfaces ....................................................................................................................................9
1.2.7 High-Speed Mobile Data ..........................................................................................................10
1.3 NETWORK DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS.......................................................................... 10
1.3.1 Extending Network Coverage with Repeaters .......................................................................... 10
1.3.2 Protected Network Operation using Multiple Access Points .....................................................12
1.3.3 Collocating Multiple Radio Networks ........................................................................................13
1.4 MDS CYBER SECURITY SUITE........................................................................................ 14
1.5 ACCESSORIES .................................................................................................................. 15
2 TABLETOP EVALUATION AND TEST SETUP ....... 19
2.1 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................... 21
2.2 STEP 1 INSTALL THE ANTENNA CABLING ................................................................... 21
2.3 STEP 2 MEASURE & CONNECT THE PRIMARY POWER ............................................ 22
2.4 STEP 3 CONNECT PC TO THE TRANSCEIVER............................................................ 23
2.5 STEP 4 REVIEW TRANSCEIVER CONFIGURATION .................................................... 23
2.5.1 Getting Started ......................................................................................................................... 23
2.5.2 Procedure .................................................................................................................................23
2.5.3 Basic Configuration Defaults .................................................................................................... 23
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2.6 STEP 5 CONNECT LAN AND/OR SERIAL EQUIPMENT ............................................... 24
2.7 STEP 6 CHECK FOR NORMAL OPERATION................................................................. 26
3 EMBEDDED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ................... 27
3.1 MS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 31
3.1.1 Differences in the User Interfaces ............................................................................................ 31
3.2 ACCESSING THE MENU SYSTEM ................................................................................... 33
3.2.1 Methods of Control ................................................................................................................... 34
3.2.2 PC Connection & Log In Procedures .......................................................................................34
3.2.3 Navigating the Menus ............................................................................................................... 39
3.3 BASIC DEVICE INFORMATION ......................................................................................... 40
3.3.1 Starting Information Screen ...................................................................................................... 40
3.3.2 Main Menu ................................................................................................................................ 41
3.3.3 Configuring Basic Device Parameters ...................................................................................... 42
3.4 CONFIGURING NETWORK PARAMETERS ..................................................................... 44
3.4.1 Network Configuration Menu ....................................................................................................44
3.4.2 IP Address Configuration Menu ................................................................................................ 46
3.4.3 Ethernet Port Configuration Menu ............................................................................................47
3.4.4 DHCP Server Configuration ..................................................................................................... 48
3.4.5 SNMP Agent Configuration ....................................................................................................... 50
3.5 RADIO CONFIGURATION.................................................................................................. 52
3.5.1 Radio Configuration Menu ...................................................................................................... 52
3.5.2 Mobile Data Configuration ........................................................................................................59
3.6 CONFIGURING THE SERIAL INTERFACES ..................................................................... 62
3.6.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................62
3.6.2 Serial Data Port Configuration Menu ........................................................................................ 65
3.6.3 Configuring for UDP Mode ....................................................................................................... 66
3.6.4 Configuring for TCP Mode ........................................................................................................ 69
3.6.5 Configuring for PPP Mode ........................................................................................................ 72
3.6.6 IP-to-Serial Application Example ..............................................................................................73
3.6.7 Point-to-Point Serial-to-Serial Application Example ................................................................. 74
3.6.8 Point-to-Multipoint Serial-to-Serial Application Example .......................................................... 75
3.6.9 Mixed Modes ............................................................................................................................ 77
3.7 CYBER SECURITY CONFIGURATION ............................................................................. 79
3.7.1 Device Security ........................................................................................................................79
3.7.2 Wireless Security ...................................................................................................................... 81
MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
3.7.3 RADIUS Authentication ............................................................................................................ 83
3.7.4 RADIUS Configuration .............................................................................................................84
3.7.5 Certificate Management (Remote transceivers only) ............................................................... 85
3.8 PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION ...................................................................................... 86
3.8.1 Performance Information Menu ................................................................................................86
3.8.2 Network Performance Notes .................................................................................................... 97
3.9 MAINTENANCE................................................................................................................ 101
3.9.1 Reprogramming Menu ............................................................................................................ 102
3.9.2 Configuration Scripts Menu .................................................................................................... 107
3.9.3 Authorization Keys Menu ........................................................................................................ 116
3.9.4 Auto-Upgrade/Remote-Reboot Menu ..................................................................................... 116
3.9.5 Radio Test Menu ..................................................................................................................... 117
3.9.6 Ping Utility Menu .................................................................................................................... 119
3.9.7 Reset to Factory Defaults ....................................................................................................... 119
4 TROUBLESHOOTING AND
RADIO MEASUREMENTS .....................................119
4.1 TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................................................... 123
4.1.1 Interpreting the Front Panel LEDs ..........................................................................................123
4.1.2 Troubleshooting Using the Embedded Management System ................................................ 124
4.1.3 Using Logged Operation Events ............................................................................................128
4.1.4 Alarm Conditions .................................................................................................................... 128
4.1.5 Correcting Alarm Conditions ...................................................................................................130
4.1.6 Logged Events .......................................................................................................................131
4.2 RADIO (RF) MEASUREMENTS ....................................................................................... 133
4.2.1 Antenna System SWR and Transmitter Power Output ........................................................... 134
4.2.2 Antenna Aiming ......................................................................................................................135
5 PLANNING A RADIO NETWORK .......................... 135
5.1 INSTALLATION PLANNING ............................................................................................. 139
5.1.1 General Requirements ........................................................................................................... 139
5.1.2 Site Selection .........................................................................................................................141
5.1.3 Terrain and Signal Strength ....................................................................................................141
5.1.4 Antenna & Feedline Selection ................................................................................................ 142
5.1.5 How Much Output Power Can be Used? ...............................................................................145
5.1.6 Conducting a Site Survey .......................................................................................................145
5.1.7 A Word About Radio Interference ...........................................................................................146
5.2 dBm-WATTS-VOLTS CONVERSION CHART .................................................................. 149
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iv
6 TECHNICAL REFERENCE ..................................... 149
6.1 DATA INTERFACE CONNECTORS ................................................................................. 153
6.1.1 LAN Port .................................................................................................................................153
6.1.2 USB Ports ............................................................................................................................... 154
6.1.3 COM1 Port .............................................................................................................................154
6.2 FUSE REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE ............................................................................ 155
6.3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................... 156
6.4 CHANNEL HOP TABLE .................................................................................................... 159
6.5 SNMP USAGE NOTES..................................................................................................... 161
6.5.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................161
7 GLOSSARY OF TERMS & ABBREVIATIONS ....... 165
Copyright Notice
This publication is protected by U.S.A. copyright law. Copyright 2006, Microwave Data Systems,
Inc. All rights reserved.
ISO 9001 Registration
Microwave Data Systems adheres to the internationally-accepted ISO 9001 quality system standard.
To our Customers
We appreciate your patronage. You are our business. We promise to serve and anticipate your
needs. We will strive to give you solutions that are cost effective, innovative, reliable and of the
highest quality possible. We promise to build a relationship that is forthright and ethical, one that
builds confidence and trust.
Related Materials on the Internet
tion notes, firmware upgrades and other updated information is available on the MDS Web site at
www.microwavedata.com.
Data sheets, frequently asked questions, case studies, applica-
About Microwave Data Systems Inc.
Almost two decades ago, MDS began building radios for business-critical applications. Since then,
we ve installed nearly 100,000,000 radios in over 110 countries. To succeed, we overcame impassable terrain, brutal operating conditions and disparate, complex network configurations. We also
became experts in wireless communication standards and system applications worldwide. The
result of our efforts is that today, thousands of utilities around the world rely on MDS-based wireless networks to manage their most critical assets.
MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
The majority of MDS radios deployed since 1985 are still installed and performing within our customers’ wireless networks. That s because we design and manufacture our products in-house,
according to ISO 9001 which allows us to control and meet stringent global quality standards.
Thanks to our durable products and comprehensive solutions, MDS is the wireless leader in industrial automation including oil and gas production and transportation, water/wastewater treatment, supply and transportation, electric transmission and distribution and many other utility
applications. MDS is also at the forefront of wireless communications for private and public infrastructure and online transaction processing. Now is an exciting time for MDS and our customers
as we look forward to further demonstrating our abilities in new and emerging markets.
As your wireless needs change you can continue to expect more from MDS. We’ll always put the
performance of your network above all. Visit us at www.microwavedata.com for more information.
OPERATIONAL & SAFETY NOTICES
RF Exposure
CSA/
This product is pending approval for use in Class 1, Division 2, Groups A, B, C & D Hazardous Locations. Such locations are defined in Article 500 of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) publication NFPA 70 , otherwise
known as the National Electrical Code.
The transceiver has been recognized for use in these hazardous locations by the Canadian Standards Association
(CSA) which also issues the US mark of approval (CSA/
C22.2 No. 213-M1987.
CSA Conditions of Approval: The transceiver is not acceptable as a stand-alone unit for use in the hazardous locations
described above. It must either be mounted within another piece of equipment which is certified for hazardous
locations, or installed within guidelines, or conditions of approval, as set forth by the approving agencies. These
conditions of approval are as follows:
The transceiver must be mounted within a separate enclosure which is suitable for the intended application.
The antenna feedline, DC power cable and interface cable must be routed through conduit in accordance with the
National Electrical Code.
Installation, operation and maintenance of the transceiver should be in accordance with the transceiver’s installation
manual, and the National Electrical Code.
Notice
us
Professional installation required. The radio equipment described in this guide emits radio
frequency energy. Although the power level is low, the concentrated energy from a directional antenna may pose a health hazard. Do not allow people to come closer than 23 cm
(9 inches) to the antenna when the transmitter is operating in indoor or outdoor environments. More information on RF exposure is on the Internet at
www.fcc.gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins
US
). The CSA Certification is in accordance with CSA STD
.
Tampering or replacement with non-factory components may adversely affect the safe use of the transceiver in hazardous locations, and may void the approval.
A power connector with screw-type retaining screws as supplied by MDS must be used.
Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been switched off or the area is known to
be non-hazardous.
EXPLOSION
HAZARD!
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide v
Refer to Articles 500 through 502 of the National Electrical Code (NFPA 70) for further
information on hazardous locations and approved Division 2 wiring methods.
vi
FCC Part 15 Notices
The transceiver series complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation. This device is specifically designed to be used under Section 15.247
of the FCC Rules and Regulations. Any unauthorized modification or changes to this device without the express
approval of Microwave Data Systems may void the user s authority to operate this device. Furthermore, the Mercury
Series is intended to be used only when installed in accordance with the instructions outlined in this manual. Failure
to comply with these instructions may also void the user s authority to operate this device.
Part 15 rules also require that the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) from an MDS Mercury Series installation
not exceed 36 dBm. Refer to 5.1.4 Antenna & Feedline Selection 140 on Page 137 for more information.
Industry Canada RSS Notices
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be chosen so that the Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.
This device as been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a maximum gain of 12 dB.
Antennas not included in this list or having a gain greater than 12 dB are strictly prohibited for use with this device.
The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms. Refer to Table 5-3 on Page 147 for a list of antennas acceptable for use
with this transceiver.
Manual Revision and Accuracy
This manual was prepared to cover a specific version of firmware code. Accordingly, some screens and features may
differ from the actual unit you are working with. While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy
of this publication, product improvements may also result in minor differences between the manual and the product
shipped to you. If you have additional questions or need an exact specification for a product, please contact our Customer Service Team using the information at the back of this guide. In addition, manual updates can often be found on
the MDS Web site at www.microwavedata.com.
Environmental Information
The manufacture of this equipment has required the extraction and use of natural resources. Improper disposal may
contaminate the environment and present a health risk due to hazardous substances contained within. To avoid dissemination of these substances into our environment, and to limit the demand on natural resources, we encourage you to
use the appropriate recycling systems for disposal. These systems will reuse or recycle most of the materials found in
this equipment in a sound way. Please contact MDS or your supplier for more information on the proper disposal of
this equipment.
MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
1
1 Chapter Counter Reset Paragraph
Contents
1.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ..................................................... 3
1.2 APPLICATIONS ....................................................................... 6
AND APPLICATIONS
1.1.1 Model Offerings ........................................................................ 5
1.2.1 Wireless LAN ........................................................................... 6
1.2.2 Point-to-Point LAN Extension .................................................. 6
1.2.3 Backhaul for Serial Radio Networks ........................................ 7
1.2.4 Multiple Protocols and/or Services ........................................... 7
1.2.5 Wireless LAN with Mixed Services ........................................... 8
1.2.6 Upgrading Older Wireless Network with
Serial Interfaces .................................................................................. 9
1.2.7 High-Speed Mobile Data .......................................................... 10
1.3 NETWORK DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .............................. 10
1.3.1 Extending Network Coverage with Repeaters ......................... 10
1.3.2 Protected Network Operation using Multiple Access Points .... 12
1.3.3 Collocating Multiple Radio Networks ....................................... 13
1.4 MDS CYBER SECURITY SUITE............................................. 14
1.5 ACCESSORIES....................................................................... 15
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 1
2 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
1.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The MDS Mercury 900
TM
transceiver provides an easy-to-install wireless local area network (WLAN) service with long range and secure
operation. It supports both Ethernet and serial data interface options at
over-the-air data speeds of up to 1.5 Mbps. The transceiver is ideally
suited for demanding applications in mobile or fixed environments,
where reliability and range are paramount.
The product is commonly used to convey text documents, graphics,
email, video, voice over IP (VoIP), and a variety of other application
data between mobile, fixed-point, and LAN-based entities.
Invisible place holder
Rugged Packaging
Simple Installation
Secure Operation
Figure 1-1. The MDS Mercury 900
TM
Transceiver
The transceiver is housed in a compact and rugged cast-aluminum case
that need only be protected from direct exposure to the weather. This
one enclosure contains all necessary components for radio operation and
data communications. The only user-serviceable component inside the
case is a fuse for the DC power input line.
Most installations employ an omni-directional antenna at the Access
Point (AP) location and mobile stations. Fixed Remote stations often
employ a directional antenna aimed at the AP. Regardless of the type
used, antennas are a vital part of the system and must be chosen and
installed correctly. Refer to INSTALLATION PLANNING on Page 139
for guidance on choosing suitable antennas and installation sites.
For basic services, simply connect an antenna, connect your Ethernet
LAN to the transceiver’s
port, apply primary power, set a few oper-
LAN
ating parameters, and you are done. No license is required for operation
in the U.S.A., Canada, and many other countries. Check requirements
for your region before placing the transceiver in service.
Data network security is a vital issue in today's wireless world. The Mercury Transceiver provides multiple tools to help you build a network
that minimizes the risk of eavesdropping and unauthorized access. Some
are inherent in the radio's operation, such as the use of 900 MHz
spread-spectrum transmissions; others include data encryption, en-
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 3
abling/disabling remote access channels, and password protection.
Remember, security is not a one-step process that can simply be turned
on and forgotten. It must be practiced and enforced at multiple levels,
24 hours-a-day and 7 days-a-week. See “MDS CYBER SECURITY
SUITE” on Page 14 for more information about the transceiver’s secu-
rity tools.
Robust Radio
Operation
Flexible Services
Flexible
Management
The transceiver is designed for operation in the license-free 900 MHz
Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. It can provide reliable
communications at distances up to 25 miles (40 km) in fixed-site applications over favorable terrain, even in the presence of weak signals or
interference.
Mobile range depends on many factors, including terrain, building density, antenna gain, and speed of travel. The unit is designed for successful application in a variety of mobile environments, and offers the
best combination of range, speed and robustness available in an industrial wireless package today. By using multiple Access Points, a network
can be created that provides consistent, reliable coverage over a large
metropolitan area.
Users with a mix of equipment having Ethernet and serial data interfaces
can accommodate this equipment through the use of a Remote Dual
Gateway. This flexibility allows the transceiver to provide services in
data networks that are being migrated from legacy serial/EIA-232-based
hardware to the faster and more easily interfaced Ethernet world.
Configuration, commissioning, troubleshooting and other maintenance
activities can be done locally or remotely. Four different modes of
access are available: local RS-232 console, local or remote IP access
(via Telnet or SSH), web browser (HTTP, HTTPS), and SNMP
(v1/v2/v3).
The text-based interfaces (RS-232 console, Telnet, and SSH) are implemented in the form of easy-to-follow menus, and the terminal server
configuration includes a wizard to help you set up the units correctly.
Transceiver
Features
The transceiver’s design makes the installation and configuration easy,
while allowing for future changes.
• Long Range—Up to 25 miles (40 km) in line-of-sight conditions. Repeater stations may be used to extend the operational
range. (Refer to Page 158 for more detailed information on
range.)
• Industrial-Grade Product—Extended temperature range for
trouble-free operation in extreme environments
• Robust Radio Communications—Designed to operate in dense,
high-interference environments
4 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
• Robust Network Security—Prevents common attack schemes
and hardware from gaining access or control of network. Common attack events logged and reported by alarms.
• High Speed—1.5 Mbps is over 100-times faster than 9.6 kbps
radios.
• Plug-and-Play Connectivity—Ethernet bridge configuration
option requires minimal setup
• Serial Ports—Gateway for serial-based equipment to IP/Ethernet networks with embedded terminal server. Site-to-site configurations are also possible.
• Single hardware package provides configuration as Access
Point or Remote
1.1.1 Model Offerings
The transceiver comes in two primary models—Access Point and
Remote. Three types of Remote Gateways are available—the Ethernet
Bridge, the Serial Gateway, and the Dual Gateway supporting both
IP/Ethernet and serial services. Table 1-1 summaries the different interface abilities for each type.
A unit can be configured in the field to operate as an Access Point or as
a Remote with some restrictions. Only the Dual Gateway Remote units
can be reconfigured as an Access Point. Ethernet Bridge and a Serial
Gateway Remotes cannot be reconfigured as Access Point unless they
are first upgraded to Dual Gateway type. This is accomplished with an
“Authorization Key” purchased from the factory. Each one of these
individual software keys is associated with the serial number of the corresponding unit.
Table 1-1. Transceiver Models and Data Interface Services
Model Type
3
Access Point
Remote… Ethernet
NOTES
1. Provides access to the embedded Management System on all units.
2. Can be upgraded to Dual Gateway with an Authorization Key.
3. Can be configured as an Access Point or Dual Gateway through the embedded Management System.
N/A Yes Yes
2
Bridge
Serial
Gateway
Dual Gateway
2
3
1
LAN
Yes No
No Yes
Yes Yes
COM1
1
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1.2 APPLICATIONS
R
The following sections provide illustrations of typical transceiver installations. This is meant as an overview only. It is recommended that a network manager be involved in all installation planning activities.
1.2.1 Wireless LAN
The wireless LAN is the most common application of the transceiver. It
consists of a central control station (Access Point) and one or more associated Remote units, as shown in Figure 1-2 on Page 6. A LAN provides
communications between a central WAN/LAN and remote Ethernet
segments. The operation of the radio system is transparent to the computer equipment connected to the transceiver.
The Access Point is positioned at a location from which it can communicate with all of the Remote units in the system. Commonly, this is a
high location on top of a building or communications tower. Messages
are exchanged at the Ethernet level. This includes all types of IP traffic.
A Remote transceiver can only talk over-the-air to an Access Point unit
(AP). Peer-to-peer communications between Remotes can only take
place indirectly via the AP. In the same fashion, an AP can only talk
over-the-air to associated Remote units. Exception: Two APs can communicate with each other “off-the-air” through their Ethernet connectors
using a common LAN/WAN.
Remote
Remote
LAN
LAN
Invisible place holder
Access Point
emote
LAN
Remote
LAN
WAN/LAN
Figure 1-2. Typical Wireless LAN
1.2.2 Point-to-Point LAN Extension
A point-to-point configuration (Figure 1-3) is a simple arrangement
consisting of an Access Point and a Remote unit. This provides a communications link for the transfer of data between two locations.
6 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
Invisible place holder
Access Point
LAN/WAN
Remote
LAN
Figure 1-3. Typical Point-to-Point Link
1.2.3 Backhaul for Serial Radio Networks
One of the primary design features of the transceiver is to provide a path
for serial devices to migrate to IP/Ethernet. Many radio networks in
operation today still rely on serial networks at data rates of 9600 bps or
less. These networks can use the transceiver as a means to continue
using the serial service, while allowing the rest of the infrastructure to
migrate to an IP format.
A Remote transceiver using one serial port for the data stream, and the
other for network-wide diagnostics can support operational radio networks built with MDS serial-based radios, such as MDS x790/x710,
MDS TransNET and others. In the case of radios using a single port for
data and diagnostics, the capabilities are doubled. The data streams are
delivered to an IP socket in an application, or in serial format using the
Access Point.
Invisible place holder
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
NETWORK
ROUTER
NMS Control
Point
HUB
ROUTER
SCADA Host
Modbus/IP
Access Point
Remote Serial
Remote Serial
Remote Serial
Diagnostics
Data
Diagnostics
Data
Diagnostics
Data
MDS 4790
Master
MDS 9790
Master
MDS 9810
MDS 4710 Remote
MDS 4710 Remote
MDS 9710 Remote
MDS 9710 Remote
MDS 9810 Remote
Master
MDS 9810 Remote
Figure 1-4. Backhaul Network
1.2.4 Multiple Protocols and/or Services
Prior to the introduction of EThernet/IP-based radios, two radios were
often used to service two different types of devices (typically connected
to different SCADA hosts). A Mercury radio provides this functionality
using a single remote unit. Each of the two serial ports can be connected
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 7
via IP to different SCADA hosts, transporting different (or the same)
protocols. Both data streams are completely independent and the transceiver provides seamless simultaneous operation as shown in
Figure 1-5.
Invisible place holder
RTU
EIA-232
Flow Meter
EIA-232
EIA-232
EIA-232
EIA-232
EIA-232
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
Serial
Device
NETview
HUB
HUB
WAN
ROUTER
HUB
HUB
SCADA Host
Modbus/IP
SCADA Host
Total Flow
Remote Serial
Remote Serial
Access Point
Remote Serial
Access Point
Figure 1-5. Multiple Protocol Network
By using a single radio, the cost of deployment is cut in half. Beyond
requiring only one radio instead of two, the biggest cost reduction comes
from using half of the required infrastructure at the remote site: one
antenna, one feedline, one lightning protector and ancillary hardware.
Other cost reductions come from the system as a whole, such as reduced
management requirements. And above all, the potential for future applications that run over Ethernet and IP, such as video for remote surveillance.
1.2.5 Wireless LAN with Mixed Services
The transceiver is an excellent solution for a long-range industrial wireless LAN. It offers several advantages over commercial solutions—primarily improved performance over extended distances. The rugged
construction of the radio and its extended temperature range make it an
ideal solution even in harsh locations. In extreme environments, a
simple NEMA enclosure is sufficient to house the unit.
The transceiver trades higher speed for longer range. Commercial
802.11a/b/g solutions are designed to provide service to relatively small
areas such as offices, warehouses and homes. They provide high data
rates but have limited range. The Mercury transmits at a higher power
level, uses a different frequency band, has higher sensitivity, and a narrower channel to concentrate the radio energy and reach farther distances. It is designed for industrial operation from the ground up.
8 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
IP-based devices that may be used with the transceiver include a new
breed of more powerful Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). These, as well as other devices, may
be used in applications ranging from SCADA/telemetry monitoring,
web-based video, security monitoring, and voice over IP. Figure 1-6
shows a typical wireless IP network.
Invisible place holder
Remote Bridge
IP Camera
IP/Ethernet
IP/Ethernet
IP/Ethernet
NMS Control
Point
SCADA Host
Modbus/IP
Printer
Access Point
Remote Bridge
Figure 1-6. Extended-Range LAN with Mixed Applications
1.2.6 Upgrading Older Wireless Network with
Serial Interfaces
Millions of wireless data products have been sold in the last two decades
for licensed and license-free operation, many of them manufactured by
Microwave Data Systems. There are several ways that these systems can
benefit from incorporating Mercury equipment. The chief advantages
are interface flexibility (serial and Ethernet in one unit), and higher data
throughput. By taking advantage of its built-in serial and Ethernet interfaces, the transceiver is well suited to replace leased lines, dial-up lines,
or existing MAS 900 MHz data transceivers.
Replacing Legacy Wireless Products
In most cases, legacy radio transceivers supporting serial-interface
equipment can be replaced with Mercury transceivers. Legacy equipment can be connected to the transceiver through the
DB-25 to DB-9 cable wired for EIA-232 signaling. The
COM1 port with a
COM1 port sup-
ports all standard EIA-232 signaling and acts as a data-terminal equipment device (DTE).
NOTE: Several previous MDS-brand products had non-standard
signal lines on their interface connectors (for example, to
control sleep functions and alarm lines). These special functions are not provided nor supported by the transceiver.
Consult equipment manuals for complete pinout information.
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 9
Supplement legacy wireless network with IP services
The Mercury Dual Gateway model can support up to two serial devices
and one Ethernet connection at the same time. The serial interface
(COM1) operates in two different modes: Connectionless UDP and connection-orientated TCP.
In the UDP mode, the transceiver supports point-to-multipoint
serial-port to serial-port connectivity. In the TCP mode, it supports
point-to-point Ethernet/IP to serial port connectivity.
For further details on the transceiver’s Serial Gateway interface modes,
see “CONFIGURING THE SERIAL INTERFACES” on Page 62.
1.2.7 High-Speed Mobile Data
Mercury transceivers support high-speed data communications in a
mobile environment. Remote radios roam between different Access
Points, providing seamless transitions and continuous coverage. For
additional information on configuring a mobile network, refer to Mobile
Data Configuration on Page 59.
1.3 NETWORK DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
1.3.1 Extending Network Coverage with Repeaters
What is a Repeater System?
A repeater works by re-transmitting data from outlying remote sites to
the Access Point and vice-versa. It introduces some additional
end-to-end transmission delay but provides longer-range connectivity.
In some geographical areas, obstacles can make communications difficult. These obstacles are commonly large buildings, hills, or dense
foliage. These obstacles can often be overcome with a repeater station.
Option 1—Using two transceivers to form a repeater station
(back-to-back repeater)
Although the range between fixed transceivers can be up to 40 km (25
miles) over favorable terrain, it is possible to extend the range considerably by connecting two units together at one site in a “back-to-back”
fashion to form a repeater, as shown in Figure 1-7. This arrangement
should be used whenever the objective is to utilize the maximum range
between stations. In this case, using high-gain Yagi antennas at each
location will provide more reliable communications than their counterparts—omnidirectional antennas.
10 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
Invisible place holder
Overview
Remote
LAN
Remote
LAN
POINT-TO-POINT LINK
Access Point
LAN/WAN
Remote
REPEATER
Access
Point
Ethernet
Crossover Cable
Remote
LAN
Figure 1-7. Typical LAN with a Repeater Link
Two transceivers may be connected “back-to-back” through the LAN
Ports to form a repeater station. (The cable must be a “cross-over”
Ethernet cable for this to work). This configuration is sometimes
required in a network that includes a distant Remote that would otherwise be unable to communicate directly with the Access Point station
due to distance or terrain.
The geographic location of a repeater station is especially important. A
site must be chosen that allows good communication with both the
Access Point and the outlying Remote site. This is often on top of a hill,
building, or other elevated terrain from which both sites can be “seen”
by the repeater station antennas. A detailed discussion on the effects of
terrain is given in Section 5.1.2, Site Selection (beginning on Page 140).
The following paragraphs contain specific requirements for repeater
systems.
Antennas Two antennas are required at this type of repeater station—one for each
radio. Measures must be taken to minimize the chance of interference
between these antennas. One effective technique for limiting interference is to employ vertical separation. In this arrangement, assuming
both are vertically polarized, one antenna is mounted directly over the
other, separated by at least 10 feet (3 Meters). This takes advantage of
the minimal radiation exhibited by most antennas directly above and
below their driven elements.
Another interference reduction technique is to cross-polarize the
repeater antennas. If one antenna is mounted for polarization in the vertical plane, and the other in the horizontal plane, an additional 20 dB of
attenuation can be achieved. (Remember that the corresponding stations
should use the same antenna orientation when cross-polarization is
used.)
Network Name The two radios that are wired together at the repeater site must have dif-
ferent network names. To set or view the network names, see “STEP 3—
CONNECT PC TO THE TRANSCEIVER” on Page 22 for details.
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 11
Option 2—Using the AP as a Store-and-Forward Packet
Repeater
A wireless network can be extended through the use of an alternate
arrangement using the Access Point as a repeater to re-transmit the signals of all stations in the network. The repeater is a standard transceiver
configured as an Access Point, and operating in Store and Forward
mode. (See Figure 1-8.)
Invisible place holder
Remote
LAN/WAN
Remote
Access Point
REPEATER
Remote
Remote
LAN
LAN
LAN
Figure 1-8. Typical network with store-and-forward repeater
As with the conventional repeater described in Option 1 above, the location of a store and forward repeater is also important. A site must be
chosen that allows good communication with both the Access Point and
the outlying Remote site. This can be on the top of a hill, building, or
other elevated terrain from which all sites can be “seen” by the repeater
station antenna. A detailed discussion on the effects of terrain is given
in Section 5.1.2, Site Selection (beginning on Page 140)
1.3.2 Protected Network Operation using Multiple
Access Points
Although MDS transceivers have a very robust design and have undergone intensive testing before being shipped, it is possible for isolated
failures to occur. In mission-critical applications, down time can be virtually eliminated by using some, or all, of the following configurations:
In a point-to-multipoint scenario, the Access Point services multiple
remotes. A problem in the Access Point will have an effect on all
remotes, since none will have access to the network. When operation of
the network does not tolerate any down time, it is possible to set up a
protected configuration for the Access Point to greatly reduce the possibility of this occurrence.
Two or more Access Points can be configured with the same Network
Name and kept active simultaneously, each with its own independent
antenna. In this scenario, Remotes will associate with either one of the
available Access Points. In case of a failure of one of the AP’s the
Remotes will quickly associate with another of the remaining Access
Points re-establishing connectivity to the end devices.
12 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
The Access Points are unaware of the existence of the other AP’s.
Because the hopping algorithm uses both the Network Name and the
Wireless MAC address of the AP to generate the hopping pattern, multiple AP’s can coexist—even if they use the same network name. The
collocated AP’s will be using different hopping patterns and frequencies
the great majority of the time. Although some data collisions will occur,
the wireless-MAC is built to tolerate and recover from such occurrences
with minimal degradation.
1.3.3 Collocating Multiple Radio Networks
Many networks can operate in relatively close physical proximity to one
another provided reasonable measures are taken to assure the radio
signal of one Access Point is not directed at the antenna of the second
Access Point.
The Network Name and the association process
The Network Name is the foundation for building individual radio networks. It is part of a beacon signal broadcast by the Access Point (AP)
to any Remote units with the same Network Name. Remotes that join the
network are referred to as being “associated” with the Access Point unit.
Co-Location for
Multiple Networks
Multiple APs with the same Network Name should be used with care.
Using the same Network Name in multiple APs may result in Remotes
associating with undesired APs and preventing data exchange from
occurring as planned.
The use of a different Network Name does not guarantee an interference-free system. It does however, assure that only data destined for a
unique network is passed through to that network.
It may be desirable to co-locate Access Points at one location to take
advantage of an excellent or premium location that can serve two independent networks. Each network should have unique Network Name
and each AP unit’s antenna should be provided as much vertical separation as is practical to minimize RFI.
NOTE: All transceivers are shipped with the Network Name set to
“Not Programmed.” The Network Name must be programmed
in order to pass data and begin normal operations.
Can radio frequency interference (RFI) disrupt my wireless
network?
When multiple radio networks operate in close physical proximity to
other wireless networks, individual units may not operate reliably under
weak signal conditions and may be influenced by strong radio signals in
adjacent bands. This radio frequency interference cannot be predicted
with certainty, and can only be determined by experimentation. If you
need to co-locate two units, start by using the largest possible vertical
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 13
antenna separation between the two AP antennas on the same support
structure. If that does not work, consult with your factory representative
about other techniques for controlling radio frequency interference
between the radios. (See “A Word About Radio Interference” on
Page 145 for more details.)
1.4 MDS CYBER SECURITY SUITE
Today the operation and management of an enterprise is becoming
increasing dependent on electronic information flow. An accompanying
concern becomes the cyber security of the communication infrastructure
and the security of the data itself.
The transceiver is capable of dealing with many common security
issues. Table 1-2 profiles security risks and how the transceiver provides a solution for minimizing vulnerability.
Table 1-2. Security Risk Management
Security Vulnerability MDS Cyber Security Solution
Unauthorized access to the backbone
network through a foreign remote radio
“Rogue” AP, where a foreign AP takes
control of some or all remote radios and
thus remote devices
Dictionary attacks, where a hacker runs a
program that sequentially tries to break a
password.
Denial of service, where Remote radios
could be reconfigured with bad
parameters bringing the network down.
Airsnort and other war-driving hackers in
parking lots, etc.
• 802.1x RADIUS authentication
• Approved Remotes List (local)
Only those remotes included in the
AP list will associate
• 802.1x RADIUS authentication
• Approved AP List
A remote will only associate to those
AP included in its local authorized
list of AP
• Failed-login lockdown
After 3 tries, the transceiver ignores
login requests for 5 minutes. Critical
event reports (traps) are generated
as well.
•Remote login with SSH or HTTPS
•Local console login
•Disabled HTTP & Telnet to allow
only local management services
•900 MHz operation is not
interoperable with standard 802.11b
wireless cards
•The transceiver cannot be put in a
promiscuous mode
•Proprietary data framing
Eavesdropping, intercepting messages
•AES-128 encryption
•RC4-128 encryption
Key cracking software
14 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
• Automatic Rotating Key algorithm
Table 1-2. Security Risk Management
Security Vulnerability MDS Cyber Security Solution
Replaying messages
• Automatic Rotating Key algorithm
Unprotected access to configuration via
SNMPv1
Intrusion detection
•Implement SNMPv3 secure
operation
• Provides early warning via SNMP
through critical event reports
(unauthorized, logging attempts,
etc.)
• Unauthorized AP MAC address
detected at Remote
• Unauthorized Remote MAC
address detected at AP
• Login attempt limit exceeded
(Accessed via: Telnet, HTTP, or
local)
• Successful login/logout
(Accessed via: Telnet, HTTP, or
local)
1.5 ACCESSORIES
The transceiver can be used with one or more of the accessories listed in
Table 1-3. Contact the factory for ordering details.
Table 1-3. Accessories
Accessory Description MDS Part No.
AC Power
Adapter Kit
OmniDirectional
Antennas
Yagi Antenna
(Directional)
GPS Receiving
Antenna
(Powered)
TNC Male-to-N
Female Adapter
TNC Male-to-N
Female Adapter
Cable
Ethernet RJ-45
Crossover
Cable (CAT5)
A small power supply module designed for
continuous service. UL approved. Input:
120/220; Output: 13.8 Vdc @ 2.5 A
Rugged antennas well suited for use at Access
Point installations. Consult with your factory
Sales Representative for details
Rugged antennas well suited for use at Remote
installations. Consult with your factory Sales
Representative for details.
Attaches to GPS coaxial connector on front
panel of the transceiver. One popular type is the
Antenna Specialists K721GPS Amplified
Antenna.
One-piece RF adaptor plug. 97-1677A161
Short length of coaxial cable used to connect
the radio’s TNC antenna connector to a Type N
commonly used on large diameter coaxial
cables.
Cable assembly used to cross-connect the
Ethernet ports of two transceivers used in a
repeater configuration.
(Cable length ≈ 3 ft./1M)
01-3682A02
Call factory
Call factory
Call factory
97-1677A159
(3 ft./1m)
97-1677A160
(6 ft./1.8m)
97-1870A21
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 15
Table 1-3. Accessories (Continued)
Accessory Description MDS Part No.
2-Pin Power
Plug
Ethernet RJ-45
Straight-thru
Cable (CAT5)
EIA-232
Shielded Data
Cable
EIA-232
Shielded Data
Cable
Fuse Small, board-mounted fuse used to protect
Flat-Surface
Mounting
Brackets &
Screws
DIN Rail
Mounting
Bracket
COM1 Interface
Adapter
Bandpass Filter Antenna system filter that helps eliminate
Ethernet Surge
Suppressor
Mates with power connector on transceiver.
Screw terminals provided for wires, threaded
locking screws to prevent accidental disconnect.
Cable assembly used to connect an Ethernet
device to the transceiver. Both ends of the cable
are wired identically.
(Cable length ≈ 3 ft./1M)
Shielded cable terminated with a DB-25 male
connector on one end, and a DB-9 female on the
other end. Two lengths available (see part
numbers at right).
Shielded cable terminated with a DB-9 male
connector on one end, and a DB-9 female on the
other end, 6 ft./1.8m long.
against over-current conditions.
Brackets: 2˝ x 3˝ plates designed to be screwed
onto the bottom of the unit for surface-mounting
the radio.
Screws: 6-32/1/4˝ with locking adhesive.
(Industry Standard MS 51957-26)
Bracket used to mount the transceiver to
standard 35 mm DIN rails commonly found in
equipment cabinets and panels.
DB-25(F) to DB-9(M) shielded cable assembly
(6 ft./1.8 m) for connection of equipment or other
EIA-232 serial devices previously connected to
“legacy” units. (Consult factory for other lengths
and variations.)
interference from nearby paging transmitters.
Surge suppressor for protection of Ethernet port
against lightning.
73-1194A39
97-1870A20
97-3035L06
(6 ft./1.8m)
97-3035L15
(15 ft./4.6m)
97-1971A03
29-1784A03
82-1753-A01
70-2620-A01
03-4022A02
97-3035A06
20-2822A02
29-4018A01
16 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 17
18 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
TABLETOP EVALUATION
2
2 Chapter Counter Reset Paragraph
Contents
2.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................. 21
2.2 STEP 1 INSTALL THE ANTENNA CABLING........................ 21
2.3 STEP 2 MEASURE & CONNECT THE PRIMARY POWER . 22
2.4 STEP 3 CONNECT PC TO THE TRANSCEIVER................. 23
2.5 STEP 4 REVIEW TRANSCEIVER CONFIGURATION ......... 23
2.6 STEP 5 CONNECT LAN AND/OR SERIAL EQUIPMENT .... 24
AND TEST SETUP
2.5.1 Getting Started ......................................................................... 23
2.5.2 Procedure ................................................................................. 23
2.5.3 Basic Configuration Defaults .................................................... 23
2.7 STEP 6 CHECK FOR NORMAL OPERATION ..................... 26
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 19
20 MDS Mercury User’s Guide MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A
2.1 OVERVIEW
It is recommended that a “tabletop network” be set up to verify the basic
operation of the transceivers. This allows experimenting with network
designs, configurations or network equipment in a convenient location.
This test can be performed with any number of radios.
When you are satisfied that the network is functioning properly in a
benchtop setting, field installation can be performed. Complete information for field installation, including mounting dimensions and antenna
selection, is provided in INSTALLATION PLANNING on Page 139
For the following evaluation, one of the transceivers in the network must
be set to Access Point service (
operation.
NOTE: It is important to use a “Network Name” that is different from
any currently in use in your area during the testing period.
To simulate data traffic over the radio network, connect a PC or LAN to
the Ethernet port of the Access Point and PING each transceiver several
times.
Device Mode = Access Point) for proper
2.2 STEP 1—INSTALL THE ANTENNA
CABLING
Figure 2-1 is a drawing of the tabletop arrangement. Connect the
antenna ports of each transceiver as shown. This provides stable radio
communications between each unit and prevents interference to nearby
electronic equipment.
Invisible place holder
Remote
POWER ATTENUATORS
• Fixed or adjustable
• 1W Minimum Rating
Access Point
NON-RADIATING ATTENUATORS
COMPUTER
POWER DIVIDER
• Install on unused divider ports (if any)
• 1W Minimum Rating
Figure 2-1. Typical setup for tabletop-testing of radios
Remote
Remote
MDS 05-4446A01, Rev. A MDS Mercury User’s Guide 21
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