Below are the basic steps for installing the transceiver. Detailed instructions are given in ÒINSTALLA-
TIONÓ on page 9 of this guide.
1.Install and connect the antenna system to the radio
¥ Use good quality, low loss coaxial cable. Keep the feedline as short as possible.
¥ Preset directional antennas in the direction of desired transmission.
2.Connect the data equipment to the radioÕs INTERFACE connector
¥ Connection to the radio must be made with a DB-25 Male connector. Connections for typical sys-
tems are shown below.
¥ Connect only the required pins. Do not use a straight-through RS-232 cable with all pins wired.
¥ Verify the data equipment is conÞgured as DTE. (By default, the radio is conÞgured as DCE.)
DB-9 to DB-25 ExampleDB-25 to DB-25 Example
DB-25DB-25
11
GND
TXD
2
RXD
3
RTS
4
RTU
(DTE)
CTS
5
6DSR
GND
77
20
DCD
88
As required for application
GND
TXD
2
RXD
3
4
RTS
4
5
5
CTS
DSR
6
GND
DCD
(DCE)
TRANSCEIVER
DB-9DB-25
18
DCD
RXD
2
TXD
3
GN
RTU
5
(DTE)
D
6
DSR
20
7
RTS
CTS
As required for application
DCD
RXD
3
TXD
2
5
7
GN
D
DSR
6
4
RTS
CTS8
5
(DCE)
TRANSCEIVER
3.Apply DC power to the radio (10.5Ð16 Vdc @ 2.5 A minimum)
¥ Observe proper polarity. The red wire is the positive lead; the black is negative.
4.Set the radioÕs basic conÞguration with a Hand-Held Terminal (HHT)
¥ Set the transmit frequency (
¥ Set the receive frequency (
¥ Set the baud rate/data interface parameters as follows. Use the
xxxxx
equals the data speed (110Ð38400 bps) and
follows:
= Data bits (7 or 8)
= Parity (N for None, O for Odd, E for Even
= Stop bits (1 or 2)
(Example: BAUD 9600 8N1)
TX xxx.xxxx
RX xxx.xxxx
).
).
BAUD xxxxx abc
command, where
abc equals the communication parameters as
NOTE: 7N1, 8E2 and 8O2 are invalid parameters and are not supported by the transceiver.
5.Verify proper operation by observing the LED display
¥ Refer to Table 4 on page 14 for a description of the status LEDs.
¥ ReÞne directional antenna headings for maximum receive signal strength using the RSSI command.
IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY... ..................................... Inside Rear Cover
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AInstallation and Operation Guidei
RF Exposure
Copyright Notice
This Installation and Operation Guide and all software described herein
are protected by
of California Microwave, Inc. All rights reserved.
Microwave Data Systems reserves its right to correct any errors and
omissions.
copyright: 1998 Microwave Data Systems, a division
Operational Safety Notices
The radio equipment described in this guide uses radio frequency transmitters. Although the power level is low, the concentrated energy from
a directional antenna may pose a health hazard. Do not allow people to
come closer than 0.5 meter to the front of the antenna when the transmitter is operating.
This manual is intended to guide a professional installer to install,
operate and perform basic system maintenance on the described radio.
ISO 9001 Registration
Microwave Data Systems' adherence to this internationally accepted
quality system standard provides one of the strongest assurances of
product and service quality available.
MDS Quality Policy Statement
We, the employees of Microwave Data Systems, are committed to
achieving total customer satisfaction in everything we do.
Total Customer Satisfaction in:
• Conception, design, manufacture and marketing of our products.
• Services and support we provide to our internal and external
customers.
Total Customer Satisfaction Achieved Through:
• Processes that are well documented and minimize variations.
• Partnering with suppliers who are committed to providing quality and
service.
• Measuring our performance against customer expectations and
industry leaders.
• Commitment to continuous improvement and employee involvement.
FM/UL/CSA Notice
This product is available for use in Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B,
C & D Hazardous Locations. Such locations are defined in Article 500
of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) publication NFPA
70, otherwise known as the National Electrical Code.
The transceiver has been recognized for use in these hazardous locations
by three independent agencies ÑUnderwriters Laboratories (UL), Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC) and the Canadian Standards
Association (CSA). The UL certification for the transceiver is as a Recognized Component for use in these hazardous locations, in accordance
with UL Standard 1604. The FMRC Approval is in accordance with
FMRC Standard 3611. The CSA Certification is in accordance with
CSA STD C22.2 No. 213-M1987.
FM/UL/CSA Conditions of Approval:
The transceiver is not acceptable as a stand-alone unit for use in the hazardous locations described above. It must either be mounted within
another piece of equipment which is certified for hazardous locations, or
installed within guidelines, or conditions of approval, as set forth by the
approving agencies. These conditions of approval are as follows:
1. The transceiver must be mounted within a separate enclosure which
is suitable for the intended application.
2. The antenna feedline, DC power cable and interface cable must be
routed through conduit in accordance with the National Electrical
Code.
3. Installation, operation and maintenance of the transceiver should be
in accordance with the transceiver's installation manual, and the
National Electrical Code.
4. Tampering or replacement with non-factory components may
adversely affect the safe use of the transceiver in hazardous locations, and may void the approval.
5. When installed in a Class I, Div. 2, Groups A, B, C or D hazardous
location, observe the following:
WARNING ÑEXPLOSION HAZARDÑ
Do not disconnect
equipment unless power has been switched off or the area is known
to be non-hazardous.
Refer to Articles 500 through 502 of the National Electrical Code
(NFPA 70) for further information on hazardous locations and approved
Division 2 wiring methods.
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AInstallation and Operation Guideiii
Notice
While every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of
this manual, product improvements may result in minor differences
between the manual and the product shipped to you. If you have additional questions or need an exact specification for a product, please contact our Customer Service Team using the information at the back of this
guide. In addition, manual updates can often be found on the MDS Web
site at www.microwavedata.com.
FCC Warning
The 406 to 406.1 MHz band is reserved for use by distress beacons.
Since the radio described in this manual is capable of transmitting in this
band, take precautions to prevent the radio from transmitting between
406 to 406.1 MHz.
ivInstallation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. A
1.0GENERAL
1.1Introduction
This guide presents installation and operating instructions for the MDS
4710A/9710A (400/900 MHz) digital radio transceivers.
These transceivers (Figure 1) are data telemetry radios designed to
operate in a point-to-multipoint environment, such as electric utility
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and distribution
automation, lottery systems, gas field automation, water and wastewater
SCADA, and on-line transaction processing applications. They use
microprocessor control and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology
to provide highly reliable communications even under adverse conditions.
MDS 4710A/9710A radios use continuous-phase frequency (CPFSK)
modulation with root duo-binary filtering (the sum of two
Nyquist-shaped, root-raised cosine responses). Demodulation uses a
Virterbi decoder and equalization with soft decision decoding.
Modulation and demodulation is accomplished using Digital Signal Processing (DSP). DSP adapts to differences between components from
unit to unit, and ensures consistent and repeatable performance in
ambient temperatures from Ð30 to +60 degrees Centigrade. The use of
Digital Signal Processing eliminates the fluctuations and variations in
modem operation that degrade operation of analog circuits.
The transceiver is designed for trouble-free operation with data equipment provided by other manufacturers, including Remote Terminal
Units (RTUs), flow computers, lottery terminals, automatic teller
machines, programmable logic controllers, and others.
NOTE:Some features may not be available on all radios, based on the
options purchased and based on the applicable regulatory
constraints for the region in which the radio will operate.
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AMDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide1
LED INDICATORS (4)
EXTERNAL
INTERFACE
CONNECTOR
(DB-25)
DIAGNOSTICS
CONNECTOR (RJ-11)
13.8 VDC POWER
CONNECTOR
Invisible place holder
SERIAL NUMBER
LABEL
ANTENNA CONNECTOR
(TYPE ÒNÓ)
Figure 1. Transceiver Connectors and Indicators
1.2Applications
Point-to-Multipoint, Multiple Address Systems (MAS)
This is the most common application of the transceiver. It consists of a
central master station and several associated remote units as shown in
Figure 2. An MAS network provides communications between a central
host computer and remote terminal units (RTUs) or other data collection
devices. The operation of the radio system is transparent to the computer
equipment.
Often, however, a radio system consists of many widely separated
remote radios. A point-to-multipoint or SCADA (Supervisory Control
and Data Acquisition) system may be a new installation for automatic,
remote monitoring of gas wells, water tank levels, electric power distribution system control and measurement, etc.
The radio system may replace a network of remote monitors currently
linked to a central location via leased telephone line. At the central
office of such a system, there is usually a large mainframe computer and
some means of switching between individual lines coming from each
remote monitor. In this type of system, there is a modulator/demodulator
(modem) at the main computer, and at each remote site, usually built
into the remote monitor itself. Since the cost of leasing a dedicated-pair
phone line is quite high, a desirable alternative may be replacing the
phone line with a radio path.
2MDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. A
RTU
RTU
REMOTE RADIO
PWR
IDIAG
13.8 VDC
+ Ð
Ð
REMOTE RADIO
PWR
IDIAG
13.8 VDC
+ Ð
Ð
HOST SYSTEM
Invisible place holder
REMOTE RADIO
CONTINUOUSLY
KEYED
MDS MASTER
STATION
RTU
PWR
IDIAG
13.8 VDC
+ Ð
Ð
RTU
PWR
IDIAG
13.8 VDC
+ Ð
Ð
REMOTE RADIO
RTU
PWR
IDIAG
13.8 VDC
+ Ð
Ð
REMOTE RADIO
Figure 2. Typical MAS Point-to-Multipoint Network
Point-to-Point System
Where permitted, the transceiver may also be used in a point-to-point
arrangement.
A point-to-point system consists of just two radiosÑone
serving as a master and the other as a remoteÑas shown in Figure 3. It
provides a simplex or half-duplex communications link for the transfer
of data between two locations.
Invisible place holder
HOST
COMPUTER
MASTER
RTU
REMOTE
Figure 3. Typical Point-to-Point Link
Continuously Keyed versus Switched Carrier Operation
The keying behavior of the master station can be used to describe an
MAS system.
Continuously Keyed operation means the master station transmitter is
always keyed and an RF carrier is always present, even when there is no
data to send. The master station is always simultaneously transmitting
and continuously listening. Different frequencies must be used for
transmit and receive. This is the method used in many MAS systems,
and is shown in Figure 2. This is useful for high-speed polling applications.
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AMDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide3
NOTE:4710A/9710A remotes do not support full-duplex operation.
Switched Carrier operation is a half-duplex mode of operation where
the master station transmitter is keyed to send data and unkeyed to
receive.
Single Frequency (Simplex) Operation
Single frequency operation (also known as simplex) is a special case of
switched carrier operation. Single frequency operation is automatically
selected whenever the transmit and receive frequencies are set to the
same value. Note that data turn-around times are increased when a
single frequency configuration is used.
1.3Model Number Codes
THIS INFORMATION IS
SUBJECT TO
CHANGE.
DO NOT USE FOR
PRODUCT ORDERING.
The radio model number is printed on the end of the radio enclosure, and
provides key information about how the radio was configured when it
was shipped from the factory. See Figure 4 and Figure 5 for an explanation of the model number characters.
TRANSMIT FREQUENCY
(1) 800-880 MHz
(2) 880-960 MHz
AGENCY
N= N/A
F= FCC/IC
SAFETY
N= N/A
(F) CSA/FM/UL
DO NOT USE FOR
PRODUCT ORDERING.
9710A
MODEM
MODE
N= Non-redundant
B= 9600 BPS
C= 19200 (25kHz)
BANDWIDTH
1= 12.5 KHz
2= 25 KHz (19.2 Kbps)
*Not Available with FCC or IC
Figure 5. 9710A Model Number Codes
FEATURES
0= Full
MOUNTING BRACKETS
A= Standard
B= None
1.4Accessories
The transceiver can be used with one or more of the accessories listed in
Table 1. Contact Microwave Data Systems for ordering information.
Table 1. MDS 4710A/9710A Optional Accessories
AccessoryDescriptionMDS P/N
Hand-Held Terminal
Kit (HHT)
RTU SimulatorTest unit that simulates data from a
Order Wire ModuleExternal device that allows temporary
Order Wire HandsetUsed with Order Wire Module (above).12-1307A01
RJ-11 to DB-9 adapter Used to connect a PC to the radioÕs
EIA-232 to EIA-422
Converter Assembly
TTL Converter
Assembly
Radio Configuration
Software
Terminal that plugs into the radio for
programming, diagnostics & control.
Includes carrying case and cable set.
remote terminal unit. Comes with
polling software that runs on a PC.
Useful for testing radio operation.
voice communication. Useful during
setup & testing of the radio system.
DIAG. port
External adapter plug that converts the
radioÕs DATA INTERFACE connector
to EIA-422 compatible signaling.
External adapter plug that converts the
radioÕs DATA INTERFACE connector
to TTL compatible signaling.
Provides diagnostics of the transceiver
(Windows-based PC required.)
02-1501A01
03-2512A01
02-1297A01
03-3246A01
03-2358A01
03-2223A01
03-3156A01
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AMDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide5
2.0GLOSSARY OF TERMS
If you are new to digital radio systems, some of the terms used in this
guide may be unfamiliar. The following glossary explains many of these
terms and will prove helpful in understanding the operation of the transceiver.
Active MessagingÑThis is a mode of diagnostic gathering that may
interrupt SCADA system polling communications (contrast with
sive messaging
passive messaging because it is not dependent upon the RTU polling
cycle.
Antenna System GainÑA figure, normally expressed in dB, repre-
senting the power increase resulting from the use of a gain-type antenna.
System losses (from the feedline and coaxial connectors, for example)
are subtracted from this figure to calculate the total antenna system gain.
). Active (or intrusive) messaging is much faster than
pas-
BitÑThe smallest unit of digital data, often represented by a one or a
zero. Eight bits (plus start, stop, and parity bits) usually comprise a byte.
Bits-per-secondÑSee BPS.
BPSÑBits-per-second. A measure of the information transfer rate of
digital data across a communication channel.
ByteÑA string of digital data usually made up of eight data bits and
start, stop and parity bits.
Decibel (dB)ÑA measure computed from the ratio between two signal
levels. Frequently used to express the gain (or loss) of a system.
Data Circuit-terminating EquipmentÑSee DCE.
Data Communications EquipmentÑSee DCE.
Data Terminal EquipmentÑSee DTE.
dBiÑDecibels referenced to an ÒidealÓ isotropic radiator in free space.
Frequently used to express antenna gain.
dBmÑDecibels referenced to one milliwatt. An absolute unit used to
measure signal power, as in transmitter power output, or received signal
strength.
DCEÑData Circuit-terminating Equipment (or Data Communications
Equipment). In data communications terminology, this is the ÒmodemÓ
side of a computer-to-modem connection. The MDS 4710A/9710A is a
DCE device.
Digital Signal ProcessingÑSee DSP.
6MDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. A
DSPÑDigital Signal Processing. In the MDS 4710A/9710A trans-
ceiver, the DSP circuitry is responsible for the most critical real-time
tasks; primarily modulation, demodulation, and servicing of the data
port.
DTEÑData Terminal Equipment. A device that provides data in the
form of digital signals at its output. Connects to the DCE device.
EqualizationÑThe process of reducing the effects of amplitude, fre-
quency or phase distortion with compensating networks.
Fade MarginÑThe greatest tolerable reduction in average received
signal strength that will be anticipated under most conditions. Provides
an allowance for reduced signal strength due to multipath, slight antenna
movement or changing atmospheric losses. A fade margin of 20 to 30
dB is usually sufficient in most systems.
FrameÑA segment of data that adheres to a specific data protocol and
contains definite start and end points. It provides a method of synchronizing transmissions.
Hardware Flow ControlÑA transceiver feature used to prevent data
buffer overruns when handling high-speed data from the RTU or PLC.
When the buffer approaches overflow, the radio drops the clear-to-send
(CTS) line, which instructs the RTU or PLC to delay further transmission until CTS again returns to the high state.
Host ComputerÑThe computer installed at the master station site,
which controls the collection of data from one or more remote sites.
Intrusive DiagnosticsÑA mode of remote diagnostics that queries and
commands radios in a network with an impact on the delivery of the
system ÒpayloadÓ data. See
Active messaging.
LatencyÑThe delay (usually expressed in milliseconds) between when
data is applied to TXD (Pin 2) at one radio, until it appears at RXD
(Pin 3) at the other radio.
MAS
ÑMultiple Address System. A radio system where a central
master station communicates with several remote stations for the purpose of gathering telemetry data.
Master (Station)
ÑRadio which is connected to the host computer. It is
the point at which polling enters the network.
MCU
ÑMicrocontroller Unit. This is the processor responsible for con-
trolling system start-up, synthesizer loading, and key-up control.
Microcontroller Unit
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AMDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide7
ÑSee
MCU
.
Multiple Address System
ÑSee
MAS
.
Network-Wide Diagnostics
ÑAn advanced method of controlling and
interrogating MDS radios in a radio network.
Non-intrusive diagnostics
Passive messaging
ÑThis is a mode of diagnostic gathering that does
ÑSee
Passive messaging
.
not interrupt SCADA system polling communications. Diagnostic data
is collected non-intrusively over a period of time; polling messages are
carried with SCADA system data (contrast with
Payload data
ÑThis is the applicationÕs user communication data
active messaging
).
which is sent over the radio network. It is the transfer of payload data
that is the primary purpose of the radio communications network.
Point-Multipoint System
ÑA radio communications network or
system designed with a central control station that exchanges data with
a number of remote locations equipped with terminal equipment.
PollÑA request for data issued from the host computer (or master PLC)
to a remote radio.
PLCÑProgrammable Logic Controller. A dedicated microprocessor
configured for a specific application with discrete inputs and outputs. It
can serve as a host or as an RTU.
Programmable Logic ControllerÑSee PLC.
Remote (Station)ÑA radio in a network that communicates with an
associated master station.
Remote Terminal UnitÑSee RTU.
Redundant OperationÑA station arrangement where two transceivers
and two power supplies are available for operation, with automatic
switchover in case of a failure.
RTUÑRemote Terminal Unit. A data collection device installed at a
remote radio site. An internal RTU simulator is provided with
4710/9710 radios to isolate faults to either the external RTU or the radio.
SCADAÑSupervisory Control And Data Acquisition. An overall term
for the functions commonly provided through an MAS radio system.
Standing Wave RatioÑSee SWR.
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionÑSee SCADA.
8MDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. A
SWRÑStanding Wave Ratio. A parameter related to the ratio between
forward transmitter power and the reflected power from the antenna
system. As a general guideline, reflected power should not exceed 10%
of the forward power (≈ 2:1 SWR).
3.0INSTALLATION
There are three main requirements for installing the transceiverÑadequate and stable primary power, a good antenna system, and the correct
data connections between the transceiver and the data device. Figure 6
shows a typical remote station arrangement.
Invisible place holder
REMOTE TERMINAL
UNIT
RADIO
TRANSCEIVER
ANTENNA SYSTEM
13.8 VDC
POWER
CABLE
13.8 VDC
2.5 A (Minimum)
POWER SUPPLY
LOW-LOSS FEEDLINE
Figure 6. Typical Remote Station Arrangement
3.1Installation Steps
Below are the basic steps for installing the transceiver. In most cases,
these steps alone are sufficient to complete the installation. More
detailed explanations appear at the end of these steps.
1. Mount the transceiver to a stable surface using the brackets supplied
with the radio.
2. Install the antenna and antenna feedline for the station. Preset directional antennas in the desired direction.
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AMDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide9
3. Connect the data equipment to the transceiverÕs DATA INTERFACE
connector. Use only the required pins for the applicationÑDo not
use a fully pinned (25 conductor) cable. Basic applications may
require only the use of Pin 2 (transmit dataÑTXD), Pin 3 (Received
DataÑRXD) and Pin 7 (signal ground). The radio can be keyed
with the use of the
DATAKEY command.
Additional connections may be required for some installations.
Refer to the complete list of pin functions provided in Table 4 on
page 14.
4. Measure and install the primary power for the radio. The red wire on
the power cable is the positive lead; the black is negative.
NOTE: Use the radio in negative ground systems only.
5. Set the radio conÞguration. The transceiver is designed for quick
installation with a minimum of software conÞguration required in
most cases. The selections that must be made for new installations
are:
¥ Transmit frequency
¥ Receive frequency
The operating frequencies are not set at the factory unless they were
speciÞed at the time of order. Determine the transmit and receive
frequencies to be used, and follow the steps below to program them.
6. Connect a hand-held terminal (HHT) to the
the HHT beeps, press to receive the ready Ò>Ó prompt.
ENTER
DIAG. connector. When
a. Set the operating frequencies using the TX xxx.xxxx (transmit) and
RX xxx.xxxx (receive) commands.
Press after each command. After programming, the HHT
reads
ENTER
PROGRAMMED OK to indicate successful entry.
10MDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. A
3.2Transceiver Mounting
Figure 7 shows the mounting dimensions of the transceiver.
Invisible place holder
ALTERNATE
POSITION
1.75"
2.75"
70 mm
4.44 CM
6.63"
168 mm
7.25"
184 mm
8.5"
216 mm
5.625"
143 mm
2.0"
2.25"
50 mm
57 mm
Figure 7. Transceiver Mounting Dimensions
3.3Antennas and Feedlines
Antennas
The transceiver can be used with a number of antennas. The exact style
depends on the physical size and layout of the radio system. A directional Yagi (Figure 8) or corner reflector antenna is generally recommended at remote sites to minimize interference to and from other users.
Antennas of this type are available from several manufacturers.
MDS 05-3305A01, Rev. AMDS 4710A/9710A Installation and Operation Guide11
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