GE UR Series, L90 Instruction Manual

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GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Rela

UR Series Instruction Manual

L90 Revision:

Manual P/N: 1601-0081-B5 (GEK-106231B)

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2.9X

GE Power Management

215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario Canada L6E 1B3 Tel: (905) 294-6222 Fax: (905) 294-8512

Internet: http://www.GEindustrial.com/pm

Manufactured under an

ISO9000 Registered system.

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GE Power Management

ADDENDUM

This Addendum contains information that relates to the L90 relay, version 2.9X. This addendum lists a number of information items tha t appea r in the i nstruc tion manu al GEK-1 06231B (1 601-00 81-B5) bu t are not i ncluded i n the c urrent L90 operations.

The following functions/items are not yet available with the current version of the L90 relay:

• Signal Sources SRC 3 to SRC 6 (availability is pending for this release)

NOTE:

• The UCA2 specifications are not yet finalized. There will be changes to the object models described in Appendix C: UCA/MMS.

GE Power Management

215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario Canada L6E 1B3 Tel: (905) 294-6222 Fax: (905) 294-8512

Internet: http://www.GEindustrial.com/pm

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1. GETTING STARTED

1.1 IMPORTANT PROCEDURES

1.1.1 CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS ........................................................................... 1-1

1.1.2 INSPECTION CHE C KL IS T ......................... ... .. ................. ... ... ................. .. ........ 1-1

1.2 UR OVERVIEW

1.2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE UR RELAY .............. .................................. ..............1-2

1.2.2 UR HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE.................................... ...............................1-3

1.2.3 UR SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE ................... ..................................... ...........1-4

1.2.4 IMPORTANT UR CONCEPTS........................................................................... 1-4

1.3 URPC SOFTWARE

1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................ 1-5

1.3.2 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION ............................................................................ 1-5

1.3.3 CONNECTING URPC® WITH THE L90............................................................ 1-6

1.4 UR HARDWARE

1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING................................................................................. 1-8

1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS.......................................................................................... 1-8

1.4.3 FACEPLATE DIS PL A Y ......... ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ................ 1-8

1.5 USING THE RELAY

1.5.1 FACEPLATE KEYPAD.... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................. .. ................. ... .. 1-9

1.5.2 MENU NAVIGATION ......................................................................................... 1-9

1.5.3 MENU HIERARCHY ................................................................ ..........................1-9

1.5.4 RELAY ACTIVATION....................................................................................... 1-10

1.5.5 BATTERY TAB................................................................................................. 1-10

1.5.6 RELAY PASSWORDS..................................................................................... 1-10

1.5.7 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION................................................................... 1-10

1.5.8 COMMISSIONING ........................................................................................... 1-10

2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.1.1 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.2 FEATURES ........................................................................................................ 2-2

2.1.3 FUNCTIONALITY...............................................................................................2-3

2.1.4 ORDERING........................................................................................................ 2-4

2.2 PILOT CHANNEL

2.2.1 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS................................................................. 2-7

2.2.2 CHANNEL MONIT OR ..... ... ... ................ ... ................. ... .. ................. ... ................ 2-8

2.2.3 LOOPBACK TEST ................ .. ... ................. ... ................ ... ... ................. ... .......... 2-8

2.2.4 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIPPING ....................................................................... 2-8

2.3 PROTECTION & CONTROL FUNCTIONS

2.3.1 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION ......................................................2-9

2.3.2 BACKUP PROTECTION.................................................................................... 2-9

2.3.3 MULTIPLE SETTINGS GROUPS...................................................................... 2-9

2.3.4 USER PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC ..................................................................... 2-9

2.3.5 CONFIGURABLE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS...................................................... 2-9

2.4 METERING & MONITORING FUNCTIONS

2.4.1 METERING ...................................................................................................... 2-10

2.4.2 EVENT RECORDS .......................................................................................... 2-10

2.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 2-10

2.4.4 CT FAILURE / CURRENT UNBALANCE ALARM......................................... ..2-10

2.4.5 TRIP CIRCUIT MONITOR ......................................... ......................................2-10

2.4.6 SELF TEST ...................................................................................................... 2-10

2.5 OTHER FUNCTIONS

2.5.1 ALARMS .......................................................................................................... 2-11

2.5.2 LOCAL USER INTERFACE ............................................................................. 2-11

2.5.3 TIME SYNCHRONIZATION.............................................................................2-11

2.5.4 FUNCTION DIAGRAMS..................................................................................2-11

2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.6.1 PROTECTION EL E M ENT S ............... ... ................. ... ................. .. ... ................. 2-13

2.6.2 USER PROGRAMMABLE ELEMENTS ........................................................... 2-16

2.6.3 MONITORING..................................................................................................2-16

2.6.4 METERING ...................................................................................................... 2-17

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2.6.5 INPUTS.............................................................................................................2-17

2.6.6 POWER SUPPLY.............................................................................................2-18

2.6.7 OUTPUTS.........................................................................................................2-18

2.6.8 COMMUNICATIONS ........................................................................................2-18

2.6.9 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS................................................................2-19

2.6.10 ENVIRONMENTAL...........................................................................................2-19

2.6.11 TYPE TESTS....................................................................................................2-20

2.6.12 PRODUCTION TESTS..................................................................... ................2-20

2.6.13 APPROVALS ....................................................................................................2-20

2.6.14 MAINTENANCE................................................................................................2-20

3. HARDWARE

4. HUMAN INTERFACES

3.1 DESCRIPTION

3.1.1 PANEL CUTOUT................................................................................................3-1

3.1.2 MODULE WITHDRAWAL / INSERTION............................................................3-4

3.1.3 REAR TERMINAL LA Y OU T ............................. ... ................. .. ... ................. ... .....3-5

3.1.4 REAR TERMINAL AS S IGNMENTS.... ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ................. ..3-5

3.2 WIRING

3.2.1 TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM.............................................................................3-6

3.2.2 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH RATINGS AND TESTING........................................3-7

3.2.3 CONTROL POWER............................................................................................3-7

3.2.4 CT/VT MODULES...... ... ... .. ................. ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................. ..3-8

3.2.5 CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS ........................................................................3-10

3.2.6 TRANSDUCER INP U TS/OUTPUTS................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ...3-16

3.2.7 RS232 FACEPLATE PROGRAM PORT ..........................................................3-17

3.2.8 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS.....................................................................3-17

3.2.9 IRIG-B...............................................................................................................3-19

3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION

3.3.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................3-20

3.3.2 FIBER: LED & ELED TRANSMITTERS............................................................3-21

3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TR ANSMITTERS ............... ... ... ................. ... ................ ... ... ......3-21

3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE...........................................................................................3-22

3.3.5 RS422 INTERFACE .........................................................................................3-25

3.3.6 RS422 & FIBER INTERFACE ..........................................................................3-28

3.3.7 G.703 & FIBER INTERFACE............................................................................3-28

4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE

4.1.1 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE.......................................................................4-1

4.1.2 CREATING A SITE LIST ....................................................................................4-1

4.1.3 URPC

4.1.4 URPC

SOFTWARE OVERVIEW......................................................................4-1

SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW ...............................................................4-3

4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.1 FACEPLATE.......................................................................................................4-4

4.2.2 LED INDICATORS..... ... ... ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................. ..4-5

4.2.3 CUSTOM LABELING OF LEDs..........................................................................4-7

4.2.4 CUSTOMIZING THE DISPLAY MODULE..........................................................4-7

4.2.5 DISPLAY.............................................................................................................4-8

4.2.6 KEYPAD .............................................................................................................4-8

4.2.7 BREAKER CONTR OL ................... .. ... ................. ... ................ ... ... ................. ... ..4-9

4.2.8 MENUS..... ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ... .............. 4 - 10

4.2.9 CHANGING SETTINGS ................ ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ...4-11

5. SETTINGS

5.1 OVERVIEW

5.1.1 SETTINGS MAIN MENU ....................................................................................5-1

5.1.2 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS......................................................................5-3

5.1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES..................................................................5-4

5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2.1 PASSWORD SECURITY....................................................................................5-7

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5.2.2 DISPLAY PROPERTIES.................................................................................... 5-8

5.2.3 COMMUNICATIONS.......................................................................................... 5-8

5.2.4 MODBUS

5.2.5 REAL TIME CLOCK......................................................................................... 5-15

5.2.6 FAULT REPORT.............................................................................................. 5-15

5.2.7 OSCILLOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 5-16

5.2.8 DATA LOGGER .................... ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... .............. 5 - 18

5.2.9 DEMAND ... ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................. .. ... ................. 5-18

5.2.10 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS................ ................. .. ................. ... .............. 5 - 20

5.2.11 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS.......................................................................... 5-21

5.2.12 USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS ....................................................................... 5-21

5.2.13 INSTALLATION................................................................................................ 5-23

USER MAP.................................................................................... 5-15

5.3 SYSTEM SETUP

5.3.1 AC INPUTS ...................................................................................................... 5-24

5.3.2 POWER SYSTEM............................................................................................ 5-25

5.3.3 SIGNAL SOURCES ......................................................................................... 5-26

5.3.4 L90 POWER SYSTEM..................................................................................... 5-28

5.3.5 LINE ................................................................................................................. 5-30

5.3.6 BREAKERS...................................................................................................... 5-31

5.3.7 FLEXCURVES™.............................................................................................. 5-34

5.4 FLEXLOGIC™

5.4.1 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC™...............................................................5-35

5.4.2 FLEXLOGIC™ RULES .................................................................................... 5-43

5.4.3 FLEXLOGIC™ EVALUATION.......................................................................... 5-43

5.4.4 FLEXLOGIC™ PROC EDURE EXAMPLE.......................................................5-43

5.4.5 FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION EDITOR............................................................... 5-48

5.4.6 FLEXLOGIC™ TIMERS................................................................................... 5-48

5.4.7 FLEXELEMENTS™ ......................................................................................... 5-49

5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5.5.1 OVERVIEW...................................................................................................... 5-53

5.5.2 SETTING GROUP ....... ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. 5-53

5.5.3 LINE DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENTS .................................................................. 5-53

5.5.4 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL............................................ ................................ .5-54

5.5.5 STUB BUS ..... ................. ... ................ ... ... ................. ... ................ ... ... .............. 5 - 57

5.5.6 LINE PICKUP................................................................................................... 5-58

5.5.7 DISTANCE ....................................................................................................... 5-60

5.5.8 POWER SWING DETECT ............................................................................... 5-72

5.5.9 LOAD ENCROACHMENT....................................................................... .. .. .....5-78

5.5.10 CURRENT ELEMENTS ........................................ .. .........................................5-80

5.5.11 INVERSE TIME OVERCURRENT CURVE CHARACTERISTICS ..................5-81

5.5.12 PHASE CURRENT ..................... ........................................... .. ........................5-86

5.5.13 NEUTRAL CURRENT......................................................................................5-92

5.5.14 GROUND CURRENT.......................................................................................5-99

5.5.15 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT .............................................................5-101

5.5.16 BREAKER FAILU R E............... ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................. .. ....5-103

5.5.17 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS.................................................................................. 5-112

5.5.18 PHASE VOLTAGE......................................................................................... 5-113

5.5.19 NEUTRAL VOLT AG E ........ ................ ... ................. ... ................. .. ................. . 5 - 1 15

5.5.20 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE .................................................................................. 5-116

5.5.21 SUPERVISING ELEMENTS .......................................................................... 5-118

5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS

5.6.1 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 5-125

5.6.2 SETTING GROUP S ........ ................. .. ... ................. ... ................. .. ... ............... 5 - 1 25

5.6.3 SYNCHROCHECK.........................................................................................5-126

5.6.4 AUTORECLOSE ....... ................. ... ................. .. ... ................. ... ................. .. ... . 5-130

5.6.5 DIGITAL ELEMENTS..................................................................................... 5-137

5.6.6 DIGITAL COUNTERS.................................................................................... 5-140

5.6.7 MONITORING ELEMENTS ...........................................................................5-142

5.6.8 BREAKER ARCING CURRENT....................................................................5-142

5.6.9 CONTINUOUS MONITOR ............................................................................. 5-144

5.6.10 CT FAILURE DETECTOR .............................................................................5-145

5.6.11 VT FUSE FAILURE........................................................................................5-147

5.6.12 PILOT SCHEMES ...................... ... ................. .. ... ................. ... ................. .. ... . 5-148

5.7 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

5.7.1 CONTACT INPUTS........................................................................................ 5-151

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5.7.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..........................................................................................5-153

5.7.3 UCA SBO TIMER ...........................................................................................5-154

5.7.4 CONTACT OUTPUTS ....................................................................................5-154

5.7.5 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ......................................................................................5-155

5.7.6 REMOTE DEVICES........................................................................................5-155

5.7.7 REMOTE INPUTS ..........................................................................................5-156

5.7.8 REMOTE OUTPUTS: DNA BIT PAIRS ..........................................................5-157

5.7.9 REMOTE OUTPUTS: UserSt BIT PAIRS.......................................................5-158

5.7.10 DIRECT INPUTS /OUTPUTS ........... ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... .5-158

5.7.11 RESETTING .................................. .. ... ................. ... ................ ... ... ................. . 5 - 1 60

5.8 TRANSDUCER I/O

5.8.1 DCMA INPUTS ...............................................................................................5-161

5.8.2 RTD INPUTS ................ ... ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ............... 5 - 1 62

5.9 TESTING

5.9.1 TEST MODE... ... .. ................. ... ................. .. ... ................. ... ................. .. ... .......5-163

5.9.2 FORCE CONTACT IN P U TS.... ... ... .. ................. ... ................. .. ... ................. ... .5-163

5.9.3 FORCE CONTACT OU TPUTS.............. ... ................ ... ................. ... ............... 5 - 1 63

5.9.4 CHANNEL TESTS ..... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... .5-164

6. ACTUAL VALUES

6.1 OVERVIEW

6.1.1 ACTUAL VALUES MAIN MENU .........................................................................6-1

6.2 STATUS

6.2.1 CONTACT INPUTS ............................................................................................6-3

6.2.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................6-3

6.2.3 REMOTE INPUTS ..............................................................................................6-3

6.2.4 DIRECT INPUTS ............... ... ... ................. .. ... ................. ... ................. .. ... ...........6- 4

6.2.5 CONTACT OUTPUTS ........................................................................................6-4

6.2.6 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ..........................................................................................6-4

6.2.7 AUTORECLOSE.................................................................................................6-5

6.2.8 REMOTE DEVICES STATUS ............................................................................6-5

6.2.9 REMOTE DEVICES STATISTICS......................................................................6-5

6.2.10 CHANNEL TESTS ..... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ... ..6-6

6.2.11 DIGITAL COUNTERS.........................................................................................6-7

6.2.12 FLEX STATES....................................................................................................6-7

6.2.13 ETHERNET ........................................................................................................6-7

6.3 METERING

6.3.1 METERING CONV E N TIO N S ..... ................ ... ... ................. ... ................ ... ...........6-8

6.3.2 87L DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT.......................................... .. ...........................6-11

6.3.3 SOURCES................................................................. .......................................6-12

6.3.4 SYNCHROCHECK................................................ .. .......................... .. .. ...........6-15

6.3.5 TRACKING FREQU E N CY.... ... ... ................ ... ... ................. ... ................ ... ... ......6-16

6.3.6 FLEXELEMENT S ™............................... ... ................ ... ... ................. ... .............. 6 - 16

6.3.7 TRANSDUCER I/O .... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ...6-17

6.4 RECORDS

6.4.1 FAULT REPORTS............................................................................................6-18

6.4.2 EVENT RECORDS...........................................................................................6-20

6.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY...........................................................................................6-20

6.4.4 DATA LOGGER............................. .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ...6-20

6.4.5 MAINTENANC E.................... ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ................. .. ............6-21

6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION

6.5.1 MODEL INFORMATION...................................................................................6-22

6.5.2 FIRMWARE REVISIONS..................................................................................6-22

7. COMMANDS AND TARGETS

7.1 COMMANDS

7.1.1 COMMANDS MENU...........................................................................................7-1

7.1.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................7-1

7.1.3 CLEAR RECORDS.............................................................................................7-1

7.1.4 SET DATE AND TIME ..... .. ... ................. ... .. ................. ... ................. ... ................7-2

7.1.5 RELAY MAINTENANCE.....................................................................................7-2

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7.2 TARGETS

7.2.1 TARGETS MENU............................................................................................... 7-3

7.2.2 RELAY SELF-TESTS......................................................................................... 7-3

8. THEORY OF OPERATION

8.1 OVERVIEW

8.1.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................8-1

8.1.2 ARCHITECTURE ............................................................................................... 8-1

8.1.3 REMOVAL OF DECAYING OFFSET................................................................. 8-2

8.1.4 PHASELET COMPUTATION............................................................................. 8-2

8.1.5 ADAPTIVE STRATEGY..................................................................................... 8-3

8.1.6 DISTURBANCE D ET EC TION.................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ... .......... 8-3

8.1.7 FAULT DETECTION.......................................................................................... 8-3

8.1.8 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION...........................................................................8-5

8.1.9 FREQUENCY TRACKING AND PHASE LOCKING.......................................... 8-6

8.1.10 FREQUENCY DETECTION............................................................................... 8-6

8.1.11 PHASE DETECTION ......................................................................................... 8-7

8.1.12 PHASE LOCKING FILTER .............................................................................. 8-10

8.1.13 CLOCK IMPLEMENTATION............................................................................ 8-12

8.1.14 MATCHING PHASELETS................................................................................ 8-12

8.1.15 START-UP ....................................................................................................... 8-13

8.1.16 HARDWARE AND COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS ............................. 8-13

8.1.17 ON-LINE ESTIMATE OF MEASUREMENT ERRORS ....................................8-13

8.1.18 CT SATURATION DETECTION ...................................................................... 8-14

8.1.19 CHARGING CURRENT COMPENSATION.....................................................8-14

8.1.20 DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS........................................... 8-16

8.1.21 RELAY SYNCHRONIZATION..........................................................................8-16

8.2 OPERATING CONDITION CALCULATIONS

8.2.1 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................. 8-18

8.2.2 2 TERMINAL MODE ........................................................................................ 8-18

8.2.3 TRIP DECISION EXAMPLE............................................................................. 8-22

8.2.4 TRIP DECISION TEST .................................................................................... 8-22

9. APPLICATION OF

SETTINGS

9.1 L90 CT REQUIREMENTS

9.1.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................9-1

9.1.2 CALCULATION EXAMPLE 1 ............................................................................. 9-1

9.1.3 CALCULATION EXAMPLE 2 ............................................................................. 9-2

9.2 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL (87L) SETTINGS

9.2.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................9-3

9.2.2 CURRENT DIFF PICKUP...................................................................... ............9-3

9.2.3 CURRENT DIFF RESTRAINT 1......................................... ...............................9-3

9.2.4 CURRENT DIFF RESTRAINT 2......................................... ...............................9-3

9.2.5 CURRENT DIFF BREAK PT.................................... .. ........................................9-3

9.2.6 CT TAP .............................................................................................................. 9-4

9.3 DISTANCE BACKUP/SUPERVISION

9.3.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 9-5

9.3.2 PHASE DISTANCE............................................................................................ 9-6

9.3.3 GROUND DISTANCE ........................................................................................9-6

9.4 POTT SIGNALING SCHEME

9.4.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 9-7

9.5 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES

9.5.1 DISTANCE SETTINGS ON SERIES COMPENSATED LINES ......................... 9-8

9.6 LINES WITH TAPPED TRANSFORMERS

9.6.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 9-9

9.6.2 TRANSFORMER LOAD CURRENTS....................................................... .........9-9

9.6.3 FAULTS AT THE LV SIDE OF THE TRANSFORMER(S)............................... 9-10

9.6.4 EXTERNAL GROUND FAULTS......................................................................9-10

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10. COMMISSIONING

10.1 PRODUCT SETUP

10.1.1 PRODUCT SETUP............................ .. ................................................... .. ........10-1

10.2 SYSTEM SETUP

10.2.1 SYSTEM SETUP ..............................................................................................10-8

10.2.2 FLEXCURVE™ A ...........................................................................................10-10

10.2.3 FLEXCURVE™ B ...........................................................................................10-11

10.3 FLEXLOGIC™

10.3.1 FLEXLOGIC™ ................................................................................................10-12

10.4 GROUPED ELEMENTS

10.4.1 GROUPED ELEMENTS .................................................................................10-21

10.5 CONTROL ELEMENTS

10.5.1 SETTINGS TABLE .........................................................................................10-27

10.6 INPUTS / OUTPUTS

10.6.1 CONTACT INPUTS ........................................................................................10-32

10.6.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..........................................................................................10-33

10.6.3 UCA SBO TIMER ...........................................................................................10-33

10.6.4 CONTACT OUTPUTS ....................................................................................10-34

10.6.5 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ......................................................................................10-35

10.6.6 REMOTE DEVICES........................................................................................10-36

10.6.7 REMOTE INPUTS ..........................................................................................10-37

10.6.8 REMOTE OUTPUTS ......................................................................................10-38

10.6.9 DIRECT MESSAG ING..... .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ... ............1 0 - 39

10.6.10 RESETTING ... ... ................ ... ................. ... .. ................. ... ................. ... .. ..........10- 39

10.7 TRANSDUCER I/O

10.7.1 DCMA INPUTS ...............................................................................................10-40

10.7.2 RTD INPUTS ................ ... ................ ... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ............... 1 0 - 41

10.8 TESTING

10.8.1 FORCE CONTACT IN P U TS /OUTPUTS................... ... ................. ... ... ............1 0 - 42

10.8.2 CHANNEL TESTS ..... ... ................. .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... .10-42

10.9 L90 COMMISSIONING TESTS

10.9.1 CHANNEL TESTING. ................. ... .. ................. ... ................. .. ... ................. ... .10-43

10.9.2 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION TESTS ...........................................................10-44

10.9.3 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL............................................................................10-45

10.9.4 LOCAL-REMOTE RELAY TESTS..................................................................10-46

A. FLEXANALOG

PARAMETERS

B. MODBUS® RTU PROTOCOL

A.1 PARAMETER LIST

A.1.1 FLEXANALOG PARAMETER LIST................................................................... A-1

B.1 OVERVIEW

B.1.1 INTRODUCTION. ..............................................................................................B-1

B.1.2 PHYSICAL LAYER ............................................................................................ B-1

B.1.3 DATA LINK LAYER ........................................................................................... B-1

B.1.4 CRC-16 ALGORITHM.......................................................................................B-3

B.2 FUNCTION CODES

B.2.1 SUPPORTED FUNCTION CODES...................................................................B-4

B.2.2 03/04H: READ ACTUAL VALUES/SETTINGS.................................................. B-4

B.2.3 05H: EXECUTE OPERATION ........................................................................... B-5

B.2.4 06H: STORE SINGLE SETTING....................................................................... B-5

B.2.5 10H: STORE MULTIPLE SETTINGS ................................................................B-6

B.2.6 EXCEPTION RESPONSES............................................................................... B-6

B.3 FILE TRANSFERS

B.3.1 OBTAINING UR FILES USING MODBUS® PROTOCOL ................................. B-7

B.3.2 MODBUS

PASSWORD OPERATION............................................................. B-8

B.4 MEMORY MAPPING

B.4.1 MODBUS® MEMORY MAP .............................................................................. B-9

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B.4.2 MODBUS® MEMORY MAP DATA FORMATS................................................B-46

C. UCA/MMS

D. IEC 60870-5-104

E. DNP

F. MISCELLANEOUS

C.1 UCA/MMS OVERVIEW

C.1.1 UCA....................................................................................................................C-1

C.1.2 MMS...................................................................................................................C-1

C.1.3 UCA REPORTING .............................................................................................C-6

D.1 IEC 60870-5-104 POINTS LIST

D.1.1 INTEROPERABILTY DOCUM E NT .... ... ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ..D-1

D.1.2 POINTS LIST .......... .. ................. ... ... ................ ... ................. ... ................. .. ... ...D-10

E.1 DNP DEVICE PROFILE

E.1.1 DNP V3.00 DEVICE PROFILE ..........................................................................E-1

E.2 DNP IMPLEMENTATION TABLE

E.2.1 IMPLEMENTATION TABLE...............................................................................E-4

E.3 DNP POINT LISTS

E.3.1 BINARY INPUT POINTS....................................................................................E-8

E.3.2 BINARY OUTPUT AND CONTROL RELAY OUTPUT ....................................E-13

E.3.3 COUNTERS .....................................................................................................E-14

E.3.4 ANALOG INPUTS............................................................................................E-15

F.1 CHANGE NOTES

F.1.1 REVISION HISTORY ......................... ... ................. ... ... ................ ... ... ................ F-1

F.1.2 CHANGES TO L90 MANUAL ............................................................................ F-1

F.2 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS

F.2.1 ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................. F-4

F.3 TABLES AND FIGURES

F.3.1 LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................... F-6

F.3.2 LIST OF FIGURES.............................................................................................F-7

F.4 WARRANTY

F.4.1 GE POWER MANAGEMENT WARRANTY.....................................................F-10

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay vii

Page 12

TABLE OF CONTENTS

viii L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 13

1 GETTING STARTED 1.1 IMPORTANT PROCEDURES

Please read this chapter to help guide you through the initial setup of your new relay.

1.1.1 CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS

Before attempting to install or use the relay, it is imperative that all WARNINGS and CAUTIONS in this manual are reviewed to he lp prev ent pe rs ona l injury, eq uipm ent da ma ge, an d/

WARNING CAUTION

• Open the relay packaging and inspect the unit for physical damage.

• Check that the battery ta b is inta ct on the power sup ply mo dule (for more details , see th e secti on BATTERY T AB in this

chapter).

• View the rear name-plate and verify that the correct model has been ordered.

or downtime.

1.1.2 INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Figure 1–1: REAR NAME-PLATE (EXAMPLE)

• Ensure that the following items are included:

• Instruction Manual

• Products CD (includes URPC software and manuals in PDF format)

• mounting screws

• registration card (attached as the last page of the manual)

• Fill out the registration form and mail it back to GE Power Management (include the serial number located on the rear

nameplate).

• For product information, instruction manual updates, and the latest software updates, please visit the GE Power Man-

agement Home Page.

If there is any noticeable physical damage, or any of the contents listed are missing, please contact GE Power Management immediately.

NOTE

GE POWER MANAGEMENT

GE Power Management 215 Anderson Avenue Markham, Ontario Canada L6E 1B3

TELEPHONE: (905) 294-6222, 1-800-547-8629 (North Ame ric a only ) FAX: (905) 201-2098 E-MAIL: info.pm@indsys.g e.c om HOME PAGE: http://www.GEindustrial.com/pm

CONTACT INFORMATION AND CALL CENTER FOR PRODUCT SUPPORT:

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 1-1

Page 14

1.2 UR OVERVIEW 1 GETTING STARTED

1.2 UR OVERVIEW 1.2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE UR RELAY

Historically, substation protection, control, and metering functions were performed with electromechanical equipment. This first generation of equipment was gradually replaced by analog electronic equipment, most of which emulated the singlefunction approach of their electromechanical precursors. Both of these technologies required expensive cabling and auxiliary equipment to produce functioning systems.

Recently, digital electronic equipment has begun to provide protection, control, and metering functions. Initially, this equipment was either single function or had very limited multi-function capability, and did not significantly reduce the cabling and auxiliary equipment required. However, recent digital relays have become quite multi-functional, reducing cabling and auxiliaries significantly. These devices also transfer data to central control facilities and Human Machine Interfaces using electronic communications. The functions performed by these products have become so broad that many users now prefer the term IED (Intelligent Electronic Device).

It is obvious to statio n desig ners that the amou nt of cabl ing and au xilia ry eq uipme nt inst alled in station s can be even furth er reduced, to 20% to 70% of the levels common in 1990, to achieve large cost reductions. This requires placing even more functions within the IEDs.

Users of power equipment are also interested in reducing cost by improving power quality and personnel productivity, and as always, in increasing system reliability and efficiency. These objectives are realized through software which is used to perform functions at both the station and supervisory levels. The use of these systems is growing rapidly.

High speed communications are required to meet the data transfer rates required by modern automatic control and monitoring systems. In the near future, very high speed communications will be required to perform protection signaling with a performance target response time for a command signal between two IEDs, from transmission to reception, of less than 5 milliseconds. This has been established by the Electric Power Research Institute, a collective body of many American and Canadian power utilities, in their Utilities Communications Architecture 2 (MMS/UCA2) project. In late 1998, some European utilities began to show an interest in this ongoing initiative.

IEDs with the capabilities outlined above will also provide significantly more power system data than is presently available, enhance operations and maintenance, and permit the use of adaptive system configuration for protection and control systems. This new generation of equipment must also be easily incorporated into automation systems, at both the station and enterprise levels. The GE Power Management Universal Relay (UR) has been developed to meet these goals.

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1 GETTING STARTED 1.2 UR OVERVIEW

1.2.2 UR HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

Input Elements

Contact Inputs Contact Outputs Virtual Inputs Analog Inputs CT Inputs VT Inputs Remote Inputs

Input

Status

Table

CPU Module Output Elements

Protective Elements

Logic Gates

Pickup Dropout Operate

Output

Status

Table

Virtual Outputs Analog Outputs Remote Outputs

-DNA

-USER

LAN

Programming

Device

Figure 1–2: UR CONCEPT BLOCK DIAGRAM

a) UR BASIC DESIGN

The UR is a digital-based device containing a central processing unit (CPU) that handles multiple types of input and output signals. The UR can communicate over a local area network (LAN) with an operator interface, a programming device, or another UR device.

The CPU module contains firmware that provides protection elements in the form of logic algorithms, as well as programmable logic gates, timers, and latches for control features.

Input elements accept a variety of analog or digital signals from the field. The UR isolates and converts these signals into logic signals used by the relay.

Output elements con vert and isolate the logic signa ls gene rated by th e rela y into di gital or an alog si gnals that can be used to control field devices.

Operator

Interface

827822A1.CDR

b) UR SIGNAL TYPES

The contact inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with connections to hard-wired contacts. Both ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ contacts are supported.

The virtual inputs and outputs are digital signals associated with UR internal logic signals. Virtual inputs include signals generated by the local user interface. The virtual outputs are outputs of FlexLogic™ equations used to customize the UR device. Virtual outputs can also serve as virtual inputs to FlexLogic™ equations.

The analog inputs an d outpu ts are si gnals that are associat ed w i th tra ns duc ers , s uch as R esi st anc e Temperature Detectors (RTDs).

The CT and VT inputs refer to ana log current tran sfor mer and vo ltage tra nsform er signals us ed to moni tor AC power lines . The UR supports 1A and 5 A CTs.

The remote inputs and outputs provide a means of sharing digital point state information between remote UR devices. The remote outputs interface to the remote inputs of other UR devices. Remote outputs are FlexLogic™ operands inserted into UCA2 GOOSE messages and are of two assignment types: DNA standard functions and USER defined functions.

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1.2 UR OVERVIEW 1 GETTING STARTED

c) UR SCAN OPERATION

Read Inputs

Protection elements

serviced by sub-scan

Protective Elements

Solve Logic

Set Outputs

Figure 1–3: UR SCAN OPERATION

The UR device operates in a cyclic scan fashion. The UR reads the inputs into an input status table, solves the logic program (FlexLogic™ equati on), and then s ets e ach ou tput to the ap propriat e state in an ou tput st atus ta ble. An y resu lting t ask execution is priority interrupt-driven.

PKP DPO OP

827823A1.CDR

1.2.3 UR SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

The firmware (software embedded in the relay) is designed in functional modules which can be installed in any relay as required. This is achieved with Object-Oriented Design and Programming (OOD/OOP) techniques.

Object-Oriented techniques involve the use of ‘objects’ and ‘classes’. An ‘object’ is defined as “a logical entity that contains both data and code that manipulates that data”. A ‘class’ is the generalized form of similar objects. By using this concept, one can create a Protec ti on Cla ss w ith the Protec ti on El em ents as obj ec ts o f the cl ass s uch as Time Overcurrent, Instantaneous Overcurrent, Current Differential, Undervoltage, Overvoltage, Underfrequency, and Distance. These objects represent completely self-contained software modules. The same object-class concept can be used for Metering, I/O Control, HMI, Communications, or any functional entity in the system.

Employing OOD/OOP in the software architecture of the Universal Relay achieves the same features as the hardware architecture: modularity, scalability, and flexibility. The application software for any Universal Relay (e.g. Feeder Protection, Transformer Protection, Distance Protection) is constructed by combining objects from the various functionality classes. This results in a ’common look and feel’ across the entire family of UR platform-based applications.

1.2.4 IMPORTANT UR CONCEPTS

As described above, the arch itecture of th e UR rela y is different from prev ious de vice s. In orde r to achie ve a gen eral und erstanding of this device, some sections of Chapter 5 are quite helpful. The most important functions of the relay are contained in "Elements". A description of UR elements can be found in the INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS section. An example of a simple element, and some of the organization of this manual, can be found in the DIGITAL ELEMENTS MENU section. An explanation of the use of inputs from CTs and VTs is in the INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES section. A description of how digital signals are used and routed within the relay is contained in the INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC™ section.

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1 GETTING STARTED 1.3 URPC SOFTWARE

1.3 URPC SOFTWARE 1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS

The Faceplate keypad and display or the URPC software interface can be used to communicate with the relay. The URPC software interface is the preferred method to edit settings and view actual values because the PC monitor can

display more information in a simple comprehensible format. The following minimum requirements must be met for the URPC software to properly operate on a PC. Processor: Intel RAM Memory: 64 MB minimum (128 MB recommended) Hard Disk: 50 MB free space required before installation of URPC software O/S: Windows Device: CD-ROM drive Port: COM1(2) / Ethernet

Refer to the following procedure to install the URPC software:

1. Start the Windows

2. Insert the URPC software CD into the CD-ROM drive.

3. If the installation program does not start automatically, choose Run from the Windows® Start menu and type

D:\SETUP.EXE. Press Enter to start the installation.

4. Follow the on-screen instructions to install the URPC software. When the Welcome window appears, click on Next to

continue with the installation procedure.

5. When the Choose Destination Location window appears and if the software is not to be located in the default direc-

tory, click Browse and type in the complete path name including the new directory name.

6. Click Next to continue with the installation procedure.

7. The default program group where the application will be added to is shown in the Select Program Folder window. If it

is desired that the application be added to an already existing program group, choose the group name from the list shown.

8. Click Next to begin the installation process.

9. To launch the URPC application, click Finish in the Setup Complete window.

10. Subsequently, double click on the URPC software icon to activate the application.

Refer to the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter in this manual and the URPC Software Help program for more information about the URPC software interface.

NOTE

Pentium 300 or higher

NT 4.x or Windows® 9x/2000

operating system.

1.3.2 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION

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1.3 URPC SOFTWARE 1 GETTING STARTED

1.3.3 CONNECTING URPC® WITH THE L90

This section is intended as a quick start guide to using the URPC software. Please refer to the URPC Help File and the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter for more information.

a) CONFIGURING AN ETHERNET CONNECTION

Before starting, verify that the Ethernet network cable is properly connected to the Ethernet port on the back of the relay.

1. Start the URPC software. Enter the password "URPC" at the login password box.

2. Select the Help > Connection Wizard menu item to open the Connection Wizard. Click "Next" to continue.

3. Click the "New Interface" button to open the Edit New Interface window.

• Enter the desired interface name in the Enter Interface Name field.

• Select the "Ethernet" interface from the drop down list and press "Next" to continue.

4. Click the "New Device" button to open the Edit New Device Window.

• Enter the desired name in the Enter Interface Name field.

• Enter th e Modbus address o f the relay (fr om

PROTOCOL

• Enter the IP address (from

the

5. Click the " 4.1 Read Dev ice Inf ormation" button the n "OK" when the relay in formati on has been re ceiv ed. C lick "Next" to continue.

6. Click the "New Site" button to open the Edit Site Name window.

• Enter the desired site name in the

7. Click the "OK" b utt on then click "F inish ". The ne w Site Lis t tree wil l be ad ded to th e Site Li st wi ndow (or O nline window) located in the top left corner of the main URPC window.

The Site Device has now been configured for Ethernet communications. Proceed to Section c) CONNECTING TO THE RELAY below to begin communications.

MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS) in the

Enter TCPIP Address

SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ NETWORK Ö IP ADDRESS) in

field.

Enter Site Name

SETTINGS

Enter Modbus Address

field.

PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ MODBUS

field.

b) CONFIGURING AN RS232 CONNECTION

Before starting, verify that the RS232 serial cable is properly connected to the RS232 port on the front panel of the relay.

1. Start the URPC software. Enter the password "URPC" at the login password box.

2. Select the

3. Click the "New Interface" button to open the Edit New Interface window.

• Enter the desired interface name in the

• Select the "RS232" interface from the drop down list and press "Next" to continue.

4. Click the "New Device" button to open the Edit New Device Window.

• Enter the desired name in the

• Enter the PC COM port number in the

5. Click "OK" then click "Next" to continue.

6. Click the "New Site" button to open the Edit Site Name window.

• Enter the desired site name in the

7. Click the "OK" b utt on then click "F inish ". The ne w Site Lis t tree wil l be ad ded to th e Site Li st wi ndow (or O nline window) located in the top left corner of the main URPC window.

The Site Device has now been configured for RS232 communications. Proceed to Section c) CONNECTING TO THE RELAY below to begin communications.

Help > Connection Wizard

Enter Interface Name

menu item to open the Connection Wizard. Click "Next" to continue.

Enter Interface Name

COM Port

Enter Site Name

field.

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1 GETTING STARTED 1.3 URPC SOFTWARE

c) CONNECTING TO THE RELAY

1. Select the Display Properties window through the Site List tree as shown below:

2. The Display Properties window will open with a flashing status indicator.

• If the indicator is red, click the Connect button (lightning bolt) in the menu bar of the Displayed Properties window.

3. In a few moments, the flashing light should turn green, indicating that URPC is communicating with the relay.

Refer to the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter in this manual and the URPC Software Help program for more information about the URPC software interface.

NOTE

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1.4 UR HARDWARE 1 GETTING STARTED

1.4 UR HARDWARE 1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING

Please refer to the HARDWARE chapter for detailed relay mounting and wiring instructions. Review all WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS.

1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS

The URPC software communicates to the relay via the faceplate RS232 port or the rear panel RS485 / Ethernet ports. To communicate via the faceplate RS232 port, a standard “straight-through” serial cable is used. The DB-9 male end is connected to the relay and the DB-9 or DB-25 female end is connected to the PC COM1 or COM2 port as described in the HARDWARE chapter.

Figure 1–4: RELAY COMMUNICATIONS OPTIONS

To communicate through the L90 rear RS485 port from a PC RS232 port, the GE Power Management RS232/RS485 converter box is required. This device (catalog number F485) connects to the computer using a "straight-through" serial cable. A shielded twisted-pair (20, 22, or 24 AWG) connects the F485 converter to the L90 rear communications port. The converter terminals (+, –, GND) are connected to the L90 communication module (+, –, COM) terminals. Refer to the CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS section in the HARDWARE chapter for opti on details. The line shou ld b e te rmi nated with an RC network (i.e. 120 Ω, 1 nF) as described in the HARDWARE chapter.

1.4.3 FACEPLATE DISPLAY

All messages are display ed on a 2 × 20 characte r vacuum fluo rescen t displa y to make them visi ble unde r poor lighti ng conditions. Messages are displayed in English and do not require the aid of an instruction manual for deciphering. While the keypad and display are not actively being used, the display will default to defined messages. Any high priority event driven message will automatically override the default message and appear on the display.

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1 GETTING STARTED 1.5 USING THE RELAY

1.5 USING THE RELAY 1.5.1 FACEPLATE KEYPAD

Display messages are organized into ‘pages’ under the following headings: Actual Values, Settings, Commands, and Targets. The key navigates through these pages. Each heading page is broken down further into logical subgroups.

The MESSAGE keys navigate through the subgro ups. The VALUE keys scroll increment or decreme nt numerical setting values when in programming mode. These keys also scroll through alphanumeric values in the text edit mode. Alternatively, values may also be entered with the numeric keypad.

The key initiates and adv ance to the next chara cte r in te xt e dit mod e or e nters a decimal poin t. The key may be pressed at any time for context sensitive help messages. The key stores altered setting values.

1.5.2 MENU NAVIGATION

Press the key to select the desired header display page (top-level menu). The header title appears momentarily followed by a header display page menu item. Each press of the key advances through the main heading pages as illustrated below.

ACTUAL VALUES SETTINGS COMMANDS

ØØØØ



ACTUAL VALUES



STATUS



SETTINGS

PRODUCT SETUP



COMMANDS

 

VIRTUAL INPUTS



TARGETS

No Active

Targets

USER DISPLAYS

when in use

(

User Display 1

The setting and actual value messages are arranged hierarchically. The header display pages are indicated by double scroll bar characters ( pages represent the highest level of the hierarchy and the sub-header display pages fall below this level. The MESSAGE

and keys move within a group of headers, sub-headers, setting values, or actual values. Continually pressing the MESSAGE key from a header display displays specific information for the header category. Conversely, continually pressing the MESSAGE key from a setting value or actual value display returns to the header display.

HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE)



SETTINGS



PRODUCT SETUP



SETTINGS



SYSTEM SETUP



)

1.5.3 MENU HIERARCHY

), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar characters (



PASSWORD

 

SECURITY



ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted

). The head er displ ay

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1.5 USING THE RELAY 1 GETTING STARTED

1.5.4 RELAY ACTIVATION

The relay is defaulted to the "Not Programmed" state when it leaves the factory. This safeguards against the installation of a relay whose settings have not been entered. When powered up successfully, the TROUBLE indicator will be on and the IN SERVICE indicator off. The relay in the "Not Programmed" state will block signaling of any output relay. These conditions will remain until the relay is explicitly put in the "Programmed" state.

Select the menu message

RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed

To put the relay in the "Programmed" state, press either of the VALUE keys once and then press . The faceplate TROUBLE indicator will turn off and the IN SERVICE indicator will turn on. The settings for the relay can be programmed manually (refer to the SETTINGS chapter) via the faceplate keypad or remotely (refer to the URPC Help file) via the URPC software interface.

The battery tab is installed in the power supply module before the L90 shipped from the factory. The battery tab prolongs battery life in the event the relay is powered down for long periods of time before installation. The battery is responsible for backing up event records, oscillography, data logger, and real-time clock information when the relay is powered off. The battery failure self-te st error gen erated by the relay is a m inor and s hould no t af fect the rel ay functio nality. When the relay is installed and ready for co mmis sioni ng, the tab sh ould be rem oved. The battery tab should be re-inserte d if the relay is powered off for an extended period of time. If required, contact the factory for a replacement battery or battery tab.

SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ INSTALLATION Ö RELAY SETTINGS

1.5.5 BATTERY TAB

1.5.6 RELAY PASSWORDS

It is recommended that passwords be set up for each security level and assigned to specific personnel. There are two user password SECURITY access levels:

1. COMMAND

The COMMAND access level restricts the user from making any settings changes, but allows the user to perform the following operations:

• operate breakers via faceplate keypad

• change state of virtual inputs

• clear event records

• clear oscillography records

2. SETTING

The SETTING access level allows the user to make any changes to any of the setting values.

Refer to the CHANGING SETTINGS section (in the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter) for complete instructions on setting up security level passwords.

NOTE

1.5.7 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION

FlexLogic™ equation editing is required for setting up user-defined logic for customizing the relay operations. See section FLEXLOGIC™ in the SETTINGS chapter.

1.5.8 COMMISSIONING

Templated tables for charting all the required settings before entering them via the keypad are available in the COMMISSIONING chapter, which also includes instructions for commissioning tests.

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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.1.1 OVERVIEW

The L90 relay is a digital current differential relay system with an integral communications channel interface. The L90 is intended to provide complete protection for transmission lines of any voltage level. Both three phase and single

phase tripping schemes are available. Models of the L90 are available for application on both two and three terminal lines. The L90 uses per phase differential at 64 kbps transmitting 2 phaselets per cycle. The current differential scheme is based on innovative patented techniques developed by GE. The L90 algorithms are based on the Fourier transform–phaselet approach and an adaptive statistical restraint. The restraint is similar to a traditional percentage differential scheme, but is adaptive based on relay measurements. When used with a 64 kbps channel, the innovative “phaselets” approach yields an operating time of 1.0 to 1.5 cycles typical. The adaptive statistical restraint approach provides both more sensitive and more accurate fault sensin g. This al lows the L90 to dete ct relati vely higher im pedan ce sin gle line to gro und f aults th at existing systems may not. The basic current differential element operates on current input only. Long lines with significant capacitance can ben efit from charg ing cu rrent com pens ation i f termin al vol tage me asurem ents a re appli ed to the relay. The voltage input is also used for some protection and monitoring features such as directional elements, fault locator, metering, and distance backup.

The L90 is designed to operate over different communications links with various degrees of noise encountered in power systems and communications environments. Since correct operation of the relay is completely dependent on data received from the remote end, special attention must be paid to information validation. The L90 incorporates a high degree of security by using a 32-bit CRC (cyclic redundancy code) inter-relay communications packet.

In addition to current differential protection, the relay provides multiple backup protection for phase and ground faults. For overcurrent prot ect ion , th e time overcurrent c urve s may be s ele cte d fro m a selection of stan dard cu rve shapes or a custom FlexCurve™ for optimum co-ordination. Additionally, one zone of phase and ground distance protection with power swing blocking, out-of-step tripping, line pickup, load encroachment, and POTT features is included.

The L90 incorporates charging current compensation for applications on very long transmission lines without loss of sensitivity. The line capacitive current is removed from the terminal phasors.

The relay uses a sampling rate of 64 samples per cycle to provide metering values and flexible oscillography. Voltage and current metering is included as a standard feature. Additionally, currents are available as total RMS values.

Power, power factor and frequency measurements are also provided. Diagnostic feature s inc lude a seque nce of record s of 10 24 tim e-tagge d eve nts. Th e intern al cl ock u sed fo r time-tagg ing ca n

be synchronized with an IRIG-B signal. This precise time stamping allows the sequence of events to be determined throughout the system. Events can also be programmed (via FlexLogic™ equations) to trigger oscillography data capture which may be set to record the measured parameters before and after the event for viewing on a portable computer (PC). These tools will significantly reduce troubleshooting time and simplify report generation in the event of system faults.

A faceplate RS232 port may be used to connect a PC for programming settings and for monitoring actual values. A variety of communications modules are available. Two rear RS485 ports are standard to allow independent access by operating and engineering staff. All serial ports use the Modbus puters with baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. The RS232 port has a fixed baud rate of 19.2 kbps. Optional communications modules include a 10BaseF Eth ern et interfa ce whic h can b e used t o provi de fast, reliabl e commu nicati ons in noisy enviro nments. Another option provides two 10BaseF fiber optic ports for redundancy. The Ethernet port supports MMS/UCA2 protocol.

The relay uses flash memory technology which allows field upgrading as new features are added. The testing features can be used to verify and test settings and operations.

RTU protocol. The RS485 ports may be connected to system com-

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Page 24

2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.1.2 FEATURES

LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL:

• Phase segregated, high-speed digital current differential system

• Overhead and underground AC transmission lines, series compensated lines

• Two and three terminal line applications

• Zero-sequence removal for application on lines with tapped transformers connected in a grounded Wye on the line side

• GE phaselets approach based on Discrete Fourier Transform with 64 samples per cycle and transmitting 2 timestamped phaselets per cycle

• Adaptive restraint approach improving sensitivity and accuracy of fault sensing

• Increased security for trip decision using Disturbance Detector and Trip Output logic

• Continuous clock synchronization via the distributed synchronization technique

• Increased transient stability through DC decaying offset removal

• Accommodates up to 5 times CT ratio differences

• Peer-to-Peer (Master-Master) architecture changing to Master-Slave via DTT (if channel fails) at 64 kbps

• Charging current comp ens ati on

• Interfaces direct fiber, multiplexed RS422 and G.703 connections with relay ID check

• Per phase line differential protection Direct Transfer Trip plus 8 user-assigned pilot signals via the communications channel

• Secure 32-bit CRC protection against communications errors

BACKUP PROTECTION:

• DTT provision for pilot schemes

• 1 zone distance protection with POTT scheme, power swing blocking/out-of-step tripping, line pickup, and load encroachment

• 2-element TOC and 2-element IOC directional phase overcurrent protection

• 2-element TOC and 2-element IOC directional zero sequence overcurrent protection

• 2-element TOC and 2-element IOC negative sequence overcurrent protection

• Undervoltage and overvoltage protection

ADDITIONAL PROTECTION:

• Breaker failure protection

• Stub bus protection

• VT and CT supervision

• GE "Sources" approach allowing grouping of different CTs and VTs from multiple input channels

• Open pole detection

• Breaker trip coil supervision and "seal-in" of trip command

• FlexLogic™ allowing creation of user-defined distributed protection and control logic

CONTROL:

• 1 and 2 breakers configuration for 1½ and ring bus schemes, pushbutton control from the relay

• Auto-reclosing and synchrochecking

• Breaker arcing current

2-2 L90 Line Differential Relay

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2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

MONITORING:

• Oscillography of current, voltage, FlexLogic™ operands, and digital signals (1× 128 cycles to 31 × 8 cycles config-

urable)

• Events recorder - 1024 events

• Fault locator

METERING:

• Actual 87L remote phasors, differential current and channel delay at all line terminals of line current differential protec-

tion

• Line current, voltage, real power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor, and frequency

COMMUNICATIONS:

• RS232 front port - 19.2 kbps

• 1 or 2 RS485 rear ports - up to 115 kbps

• 10BaseF Ethernet port supporting MMS/UCA2.0 protocol

2.1.3 FUNCTIONALITY

The following SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM illustrates relay functionality using ANSI (American National Standards Institute) device numbers

Monitoring

50DD

(via Dedicated Communications)

CLOSE TRIP

51P(2)

51_2(2)

50_2(2)

50P(2)

Data From/To Remote End

L90 Line Differential Relay

Figure 2–1: SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

50BF(2)

87L 21P

67P(2)

FlexElement

50G(2)

51G(2)

Metering

50N(2)

51N(2)

Transducer

Inputs

59X

3V_0

21G67N/G

59P

27P(2)

59N

27X

25(2)

831706AS.CDR

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-3

Page 26

2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

T able 2–1: DEVICE NUMBERS AND FUNCTIONS

DEVICE

NUMBER

21G Ground Distance 51N Neutral Time Overcurrent 21P Phase Distance 51P Phase Time Overcurrent

25 Synchrocheck 51_2 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent 27P Phase Undervoltage 52 AC Circuit Breaker 27X Auxiliary Undervoltage 59N Neutral Overvoltage

50BF Breaker Failure 59P Phase Overvoltage

50DD Adaptive Fault Detector

50G Ground Instantaneous Overcurrent 67P Phase Directional Overcurrent 50N Neutral Instantaneous Overcurrent 68 Power Swing Blocking 50P Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 78 Out-of-step Tripping

50_2 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Overcurrent 79 Automatic Recloser

51G Ground Time Overcurrent 87L Segregated Line Current Differential

FUNCTION DEVICE

(sensitive current disturbance detector)

Table 2–2: ADDITIONAL DEVICE FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION

Breaker Arcing Current (I Breaker Control FlexLogic™ Equations Pilot Scheme (POTT) Contact Inputs (up to 96) L90 Channel T ests Setting Groups (8) Contact Outputs (up to 64) Line Pickup Stub Bus CT Failure Detector Load Encroachment Transducer I/O Data Logger Metering: Current, Voltage, Power, Digital Counters (8) User Programmable LEDs Digital Elements (16) Virtual Inputs (32) Direct Inputs (8 per L90 comms channel) MMS/UCA Communications Virtual Outputs (64) DNP 3.0 MMS/UCA Remote I/O ("GOOSE") VT Fuse Failure Event Recorder ModBus Communications Fault Locator ModBus User Map Fault Reporting O pen Pole Detector

T) FlexElements™ Oscillography

NUMBER

FUNCTION

59X Auxiliary Overvoltage 67N Neutral Directional Overcurrent

Energy, Frequency, Demand, Power Factor, 87L differential current, local & remote phasors

User Definable displays

2.1.4 ORDERING

The relay is available as a 19-inch rack horizontal mount unit or as a reduced size (¾) vertical mount unit, and consists of power supply, CPU, Digital Input/Output, Trans ducer I/O an d L90 C ommunic ations modul es. Eac h of these can be supp lied in a number of configurations which must be specified at the time of ordering. The information required to completely specify the relay is provided in the followin g table.

2-4 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 27

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION

Table 2–3: ORDER CODES

L90 L90 -

Base Unit CPU

Software Mount /

Faceplate Power

Supply CT/VT

DSP Digital I/O

Transducer I/O (max of 4 per unit)

Inter-Relay Communications

L90

00 - H C



00 - V F



| | ||| | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | |

-F

- H









-F









||| | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | |

H C

| | | | | | | |

V F

|||||||

8A 8C |

- L







- H

- L







| | | | | |

6A 6A 6A 6A 6A

6B 6B 6B 6B 6B 6C 6C 6C 6C 6C 6D 6D 6D 6D 6D

6E 6E 6E 6E 6E

6F 6F 6F 6F 6F 6G 6G 6G 6G 6G 6H 6H 6H 6H 6H

6K 6K 6K 6K 6K

6L 6L 6L 6L 6L 6M 6M 6M 6M 6M 6N 6N 6N 6N 6N

6P 6P 6P 6P 6P 6R 6R 6R 6R 6R

6S 6S 6S 6S 6S

6T 6T 6T 6T 6T 6U 6U 6U 6U 6U 5C 5C 5C 5C 5C |

5E 5E 5E 5E 5E |

5F 5F 5F 5F 5F |

















XX XX XX XX









| | | |





_ _



 



For Full Sized Horizontal Mount



For Reduced Size Vertical Mount



Base Unit RS485 + RS485 (ModBus RTU, DNP) RS485 + 10BaseF ( RS485 + Redundant 10BaseF ( No Software Options Horizontal (19” rack) Vertical (3/4 size) 125 / 250 V AC/DC 24 to 48 V (DC only) Standard 4CT/4VT Standard 8CT No Module

2 Form-A (Volt w/ opt Curr) & 2 Form-C outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

2 Form-A (Volt w/ opt Curr) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs

8 Form-C Outputs

16 Digital Inputs

4 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

8 Fast Form-C Outputs

4 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

6 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs

4 Form-C & 4 Fast Form-C Outputs

2 Form-A (Curr w/ opt Volt) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

2 Form-A (Curr w/ opt Volt) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs

4 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

6 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs

2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs

4 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs

6 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs

8 RTD Inputs 4 RTD Inputs, 4 dcmA Inputs 8 dcmA Inputs 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel

1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel

1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel

1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel

Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, multi-mode LED

Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, multi-mode LED

Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode ELED

Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode LASER

820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels

1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels

1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels

1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels

Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED

Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED

Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED

Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode,

G.703, 1 Channel

RS422, 1 Channel

G.703, 2 Channels

RS422, 2 Channels

1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel

1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel

Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER

Channel 1 - G.703, Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single -mode, LASER

MMS/UCA2, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP

)

LASER

)

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-5

Page 28

2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The order codes for replacement modules to be ordered separately are shown in the following table. When ordering a replacement CPU module or Faceplate, please provide the serial number of your existing unit.

Table 2–4: ORDER CODES FOR REPLACEMENT MODULES

POWER SUPPLY

CPU

FACEPLATE

DIGITAL I/O

CT/VT DSP

L60 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

L90 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

TRANSDUCER I/O



| 1H | | 1L | |9A| |9C| |9D| | 3C | | 3F | |6A| |6B| |6C| |6D| |6E| |6F| |6G| |6H| |6K| |6L| |6M| |6N| |6P| |6R| |6S| |6T| |6U| | 8A | | 8B | | 8C | | 8D | | 8Z | |7U| |7V| |7Y| |7Z| | 7A | | 7B | | 7C | | 7D | | 7E | | 7F | | 7G | | 7Q | | 7H | | 7I | | 7J | | 7K | | 7L | | 7M | | 7N | | 7P | | 7R | | 7S | | 7T | | 7W | | 72 | | 73 | | 74 | | 75 | |5C| |5E| |5F|

125 / 250 V AC/DC 24 - 48 V (DC only) RS485 + RS485 (ModBus RTU, DNP 3.0) RS485 + 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, D NP 3.0) RS485 + Redundant 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, DNP 3.0) Horizontal Faceplate with Display & Keypad Vertical Faceplate with Display & Keypad 2 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 2 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs 8 Form-C Outputs 16 Digital Inputs 4 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 8 Fast Form-C Outputs 4 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 6 Form-A (Voltage w/ opt Current) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs 4 Form-C & 4 Fast Form-C Outputs 2 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 2 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs 4 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 6 Form-A (Current w/ opt Voltage) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs 2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 2 Form-C Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 2 Form-A (No Monitoring) & 4 Form-C Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs 4 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 8 Digital Inputs 6 Form-A (No Monitoring) Outputs, 4 Digital Inputs Standard 4CT/4VT Sensitive Ground 4CT/4VT Standard 8CT Sensitive Ground 8CT HI-Z 4CT 110/125 V, 20 mA Input/Output Channel Interface 48/60 V, 20 mA Input/Output Channel Interface 125 V Input, 5V Output, 20 mA Channel Interface 5 V Input, 5V Output, 20 mA Channel Interface 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, multi-mode LED Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, multi-mode LED Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode ELED Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, single-mode LASER 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER G.703, 1 Channel G.703, 2 Channels RS422, 1 Channel RS422, 2 Channels 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER Channel 1 - G.703, Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single -mode, LASER 8 RTD Inputs 4 dcmA Inputs, 4 RTD Inputs 8 dcmA Inputs

2-6 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 29

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.2 PILOT CHANNEL

2.2 PILOT CHANNEL 2.2.1 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

Dedicated inter-relay communications may operate over 64 kbps digital channels or dedicated fiber optic channels. Available interfaces inclu de:

• RS422 at 64 kbps

• G.703 at 64 kbps

• Dedicated fiber optics at 64 kbps. The fiber optic options include:

• 820 nm multi-mode fiber with an LED transmitter

• 1300 nm multi-mode fiber with an LED transmitter

• 1300 nm single-mode fiber with an ELED transmitter

• 1300 nm single-mode fiber with a LASER transmitter

• 1550 nm single-mode fiber with a LASER transmitter

All fiber optic options use an ST connector. L90 models are available for use on two or three terminal lines. A two terminal line application requires one bi-directional channel. However, in two terminal line applications, it is also possible to use an L90 relay with two bi-directional channels. The second bi-directional channel will provide a redundant backup channel with automatic switchover if the first channel fails.

The L90 current differential relay is designed to function in a Peer to Peer or Master–Master architecture. In the Peer to Peer architecture, all relays in the system are identical and perform identical functions in the current differential scheme. In order for every relay on t he l ine to be a Peer, each relay must be able to communicate with all o f the other relays. If there i s a failure in communications among the relays, the relays will revert to a Master - Slave architecture, with the Master as the relay that has current phasors from all terminals. The use of two different operational modes is intended to increase the dependability of the current differential scheme by reducing reliance on the communications.

The main difference between a Master and a Slave L90 is that only a Master relay performs the actual current differential calculation, and only a Master relay communicates with the relays at all other terminals of the protected line.

At least one Master L90 relay must have live communications to all other terminals in the current differential scheme; the other L90 relays on that line may operate as Slave relays. All Master relays in the scheme will be equal, and each will perform all functions. Each L9 0 rela y in the sche me wil l determ ine if it is a Master by com par ing the nu mber of te rminal s on the line to the number of active communication channels.

The Slave terminals only communicate with the Master; there is no Slave to Slave communications path. As a result, a Slave L90 relay cannot calculate the differential current. When a Master L90 relay issues a local trip signal, it also sends a Direct Transfer Trip signal to all of the other L90 relays on the protected line.

If a Slave L90 relay issues a trip from one of its backup functions, it can send a transfer trip signal to its Master and other Slave relays if such option is designated. Because a Slave cannot communicate with all the relays in the differential scheme, the Master will then “broadcast” the Direct Transfer Trip signal to all other terminals.

The Slave L90 Relay performs the following functions:

• Samples currents and voltages

• Removes DC offset from the current via the mimic algorithm

• Creates phaselets

• Calculates sum of squares data

• Transmits current data to all Master L90 relays

• Performs all local relaying functions

• Receives Current Differential DTT and Direct Input signals from all other L90 relays

• Transmits Direct Output signals to all communicating relays

• Sends synchronization information of local clock to all other L90 clocks The Master L90 Relay performs the following functions:

• Performs all functions of a Slave L90

• Receives current phasor inform ati on fr om all relay s

• Performs the Current Differential algorithm

• Sends a Current Differential DTT signal to all L90 relays on the protected line

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-7

Page 30

2.2 PILOT CHANNEL 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

In the Peer to Peer mode, all L90 relays act as Masters.

L90 - 1

CHn

OPTIONAL REDUNDANT CHANNEL

TYPICAL 2-TERMINAL APPLICATION

CHn

L90 - 3

CHn

L90 - 2

CHn

L90 - 2

CHn

TYPICAL 3-TERMINAL APPLICATION

831009A4.CDR

Figure 2–2: COMMUNICATION PATHS DIAGRAM

2.2.2 CHANNEL MONITOR

The L90 has logic to detect that the communications channel is deteriorating or has failed completely. This can provide an alarm indication and disable the current differential protection. Note that a failure of the communications from the Master to a Slave does not prevent the Ma st er f rom p erforming the curre nt differential algori thm ; failure of the comm uni ca tions from a Slave to the Master w ill pr event the Master f rom pe rform in g th e c orr ect current diff erential logic. Cha nne l propagation dela y is being continuo us ly mea sur ed a nd a dj usted according to chan ges in the communication s p ath. Every relay on the p r otec tion system can assigned an unique ID to prevent advertent loopbacks at multiplexed channels.

2.2.3 LOOPBACK TEST

This option allows the user to test the relay at one terminal of the line by “looping” the transmitter output to the receiver input; at the same time, the signal sent to the remote will not change. A local loopback feature is included in the relay to simplify single ended testing.

2.2.4 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIPPING

The L90 includes provis ion for s ending and rece iving a sin gle-po le Direct Transfer Trip (DTT) signa l from cur rent diff erentia l protection between the L90 relays at the terminals of the line using the pilot communications channel. The user may also initiate an additional 8 pilot signals with an L90 communications channel to create trip/block/signaling logic. A FlexLogic™ operand, an external contact closure, or a signal over the LAN communication channels can be assigned for that logic.

2-8 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 31

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.3 PROTECTION & CONTROL FUNCTIONS

2.3 PROTECTION & CONTROL FUNCTIONS 2.3.1 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION

The current differential algorithms used in the L90 Line Differential Relay are based on the Fourier transform “phaselet” approach and an adaptive statistical restraint. The L90 uses per phase differential at 64 kbps with 2 “phaselets” per cycle. A detailed description of the current differential algorithms is found in the THEORY OF OPERATION chapter. The current differential protection can be set in a percentage differential scheme with a single or dual slope.

2.3.2 BACKUP PROTECTION

In addition to the primary current differential protection, the L90 Line Differential Relay incorporates backup functions that operate on the local relay current only, such as directional phase overcurrent, directional neutral overcurrent, negative sequence overcurrent, undervoltage, overvoltage, and distance protection.

2.3.3 MULTIPLE SETTINGS GROUPS

The relay can store 8 sets of settings. They may be selected by user command, a configurable contact input or a FlexLogic™ equation to allow the relay to respond to changing conditions.

2.3.4 USER PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC

In addition to the built-in protection logic, the relay may be programmed by the user via FlexLogic™ equations.

2.3.5 CONFIGURABLE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

All of the contac t converter inputs (Dig ita l In put s) to the relay ma y be as signed by the user to directly block a p r ote ct ion el ement, operate an output relay or serve as an input to FlexLogic™ equations. All of the outputs, except for the self test critical alarm contacts, may also be assigned by the user.

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-9

Page 32

2.4 METERING & MONITORING FUNCTIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4 METERING & MONITORING FUNCTIONS 2.4.1 METERING

The relay measures all input currents and calculates both phasors and symmetrical components. When AC potential is applied to the relay via the optional voltage inputs, metering data includes phase and neutral current, phase voltage, three phase and per phase W, VA, and var, and power factor. Frequency is measured on either current or voltage inputs. They may be called onto the local display or accessed via a computer. All terminal current phasors and differential currents are also displayed at all relays, allowing the user opportunity to analyze correct polarization of currents at all terminals.

The relay has a ‘sequence of events’ recorder which combines the recording of snapshot data and oscillography data. Events consist of a broad range of change of state occurrences, including input contact changes, measuring-element pickup and operation, FlexLogic™ equation changes, and self-test status. The relay stores up to 1024 events with the date and time stamped to the nearest microsecond. This provides the information needed to determine a sequence of events, which can reduce troubleshooting time and simplify report generation after system events.

The relay stores osc ill ography data at a sa mp lin g ra te o f 64 tim es per cy cl e. Th e re lay c an s to r e fro m 1 to 6 4 re co rds. Each oscillography file includes a sampled data report consisting of:

• Instantaneous sample of the selected currents and voltages (if AC potential is used),

• The status of each selected contact input,

• The status of each selected contact output,

• The status of each selected measuring function,

• The status of various selected logic signals, including virtual inputs and outputs. The captured oscillography data files can be accessed via the remote communications ports on the relay.

2.4.2 EVENT RECORDS

2.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY

2.4.4 CT FAILURE / CURRENT UNBALANCE ALARM

The relay has current unbalance alarm logic. The unbalance alarm may be supervised by a zero sequence voltage detector. The user may block the relay from tripping when the current unbalance alarm operates.

2.4.5 TRIP CIRCUIT MONITOR

On those outputs designed for trip duty, a trip voltage monitor will continuously measure the DC voltage across output contacts to determine if the associated trip circuit is intact. If the voltage dips below the minimum voltage or the breaker fails to open or close after a trip command, an alarm can be activated.

2.4.6 SELF TEST

The most comprehensive self testing of the relay is performed during a power-up. Because the system is not performing any protection activities at power-up, tests that would be disruptive to protection processing may be performed.

The processors in the CPU and all DSP modules participate in startup self-testing. Self-testing checks approximately 8590% of the hardware, and CRC/check- sum verification of all PROMs is performed. The processo rs communicate their results to each ot her so that i f any f ailures ar e detec ted, th ey ca n be re ported t o the u ser. Each processor must successfull y complete its self tests before the relay begins protection activities.

During both startup and normal operation, the CPU polls all plug-in modules and checks that every one answers the poll. The CPU compares the module types that identify themselves to the relay order code stored in memory and declares an alarm if a module is either non-responding or the wrong type for the specific slot.

When running under no rma l power system condit ion s, th e rel ay proc es so rs wi ll have “idle” time. Durin g thi s ti me , eac h p r ocessor performs “background” self-tests that are not disruptive to the foreground processing.

2-10 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 33

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.5 OTHER FUNCTIONS

2.5 OTHER FUNCTIONS 2.5.1 ALARMS

The relay contains a dedicated alarm relay, the Critical Failure Alarm, housed in the Power Supply module. This output relay is not user programmable. This relay has Form-C contacts and is energized under normal operating conditions. The Critical Failure Alarm will become de-energized if the relay self test algorithms detect a failure that would prevent the relay from properly protecting the transmission line.

2.5.2 LOCAL USER INTERFACE

The relay’s loca l user i nterfac e (on th e facep late) c onsists o f a 2 × 20 vacuum fl oresc ent dis play (VF D) and a 22 button keypad. The keypad and display may be used to view data from the relay, to change settings in the relay, or to perform control actions. Also, the faceplate provides LED indications of status and events. The operation of the keypad is discussed in the HUMAN INTERFACES chapter.

2.5.3 TIME SYNCHRONIZATION

The relay includes a clock which can run freely from the internal oscillator or be synchronized from an external IRIG-B signal. With the exter nal si gnal, a ll rela ys wire d to th e sam e syn chroni zing sig nal w ill be synchro nized to wi thin 0 .1 mil lisecon d.

2.5.4 FUNCTION DIAGRAMS

GE Power Management

Figure 2–3: L90 BLOCK DIAGRAM

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-11

Page 34

2.5 OTHER FUNCTIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Clock

Control

Frequency Deviation

Sampling Contol

Sample Currents

and Voltages

Time Stamp

Phase Deviation

Compute Frequency Deviation

Sample

Raw

Peer

Communication

Time

Stamps

Ping-pong Algorithm

Estimate Phase Angle

Correction from Positive

Sequence Current Phasor

Remove Decaying Offset and Charge

Compensation

Peer

Channel Control

Estimate

Phase Angle

Uncertainties

Phase Angle

Uncertainties

Compute

Positive

Sequence

Currents

Phaselets

Window

Control

Disturbance

Detector

Window

Reset

Compute Phaselets

Phaselets

Align Phaselets

Compute Phasors and

Variance Parameters

Fault

Detector

Figure 2–4: MAIN SOFT WARE MODULES

2-12 L90 Line Differential Relay

Phasors

Phaselets

swmoduls.cdr

Trip

Logic

GE Power Management

Page 35

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

The operating times below include the activation time of a trip rated Form-A output contact unless otherwise indicated. FlexLogic™ operands of a given element are 4 ms faster. This should be taken into account when using

NOTE

FlexLogic™ to intercon nect wit h other pro tectio n or cont rol eleme nts of the relay, building FlexLogic™ equations, or interfacing with other IEDs or power system devices via communications or different output contacts.

LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL (87L)

Application: 2 or 3 terminal line, series compensated

line, tapped line, with charging current

compensation Pickup Current Level: 0.20 to 4.00 pu in steps of 0.01 CT Tap (CT mismatch factor): 0.20 to 5.00 in steps of 0.01 Slope # 1: 1 to 50% Slope # 2: 1 to 70% Breakpoint between Slopes: 0.0 to 20.0 pu in steps of 0.1 DTT: Direct Transfer Trip (1 and 3 pole) to

remote L90 Operating Time: 1.0 to 1.5 power cycles duration

LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL TRIP LOGIC

87L Trip: Adds security for trip decision; creates 1

& 3 pole trip logic DTT: Enables Direct Transfer Trip (1 and 3

pole) from remote L90 DD: Sensitive Disturbance Detector to detect

fault occurrence Stub Bus Protection: Security for ring bus and 1½ breaker

configurations Open Pole Detector: Security for sequential and evolving

faults

PHASE DISTANCE

Characteristic: Dynamic (100% memory-polarized)

MHO or QUAD Number of Zones: 1 Directionality: reversible Reach (secondary Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01

Reach Accuracy: ±5% including the effect of CVT tran-

sients up to an SIR of 30 Distance Characteristic Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Distance Comparator Limit Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Directional Supervision:

Characteristic Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Limit Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1

Right Blinder (QUAD only):

Reach: 0.02 to 250 Ω in steps of 0.01 Characteristic Angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1

Left Blinder (QUAD only):

Reach: 0.02 to 250 Ω in steps of 0.01

Characteristic Angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1 Time Delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 Timing Accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater

Current Supervision:

Level: line-to-line current Pickup: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

Dropout: 97 to 98% Memory Duration: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1 Voltage Supervision Pickup (series compensation applications):

Operation Time: 1 to 1.5 cycles (typical) Reset Time: 1 power cycle (typical)

GROUND DISTANCE

Characteristic: Dynam ic (100% memory-polarized)

Number of Zones: 1 Directionality: reversible Reach (secondary Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01

Reach Accuracy: ±5% including the effect of CVT tran-

Distance Characteristic Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Distance Comparator Limit Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Directional Supervision:

Characteristic Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1

Limit Angle: 30 to 90° in steps of 1 Zero-Sequence Compensation

Z0/Z1 magnitude: 0.50 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01

Z0/Z1 angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1 Zero-Sequence Mutual Compensation

Z0M/Z1 magnitude: 0.00 to 7.00 in steps of 0.01

Z0M/Z1 angle: –90 to 90° in steps of 1 Right Blinder (QUAD only):

Reach: 0.02 to 250 Ω in steps of 0.01

Characteristic Angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1 Left Blinder (QUAD only):

Reach: 0.02 to 250 Ω in steps of 0.01

Characteristic Angle: 60 to 90° in steps of 1 Time Delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 Timing Accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater Current Supervision:

Level: neutral current (3I_0)

Pickup: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

Dropout: 97 to 98% Memory Duration: 5 to 25 cycles in steps of 1 Voltage Supervision Pickup (series compensation applications):

Operation Time: 1 to 1.5 cycles (typical) Reset Time: 1 power cycle (typical)

2.6.1 PROTECTION ELEMENTS

0 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001

MHO, or QUAD

sients up to an SIR of 30

0 to 5.000 pu in steps of 0.001

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-13

Page 36

2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND TOC

Current: Phasor or RMS Pickup Level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97% to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy:

for 0.1 to 2.0 × CT: ±0.5% of readin

for > 2.0 × CT: ±1.5% of readin

Curve Shapes: IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely

Curve Multiplier: Time Dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of

Reset Type: Instantaneous/T imed (per IEEE)

Accuracy: Operate at > 1.03 × Actual Pickup

Timin

(whichever is

Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short Inverse; GE IAC Inverse, Short/Very/ Extremely Inverse; I

rammable); Definite Time (0.01 s base

curve)

0.01

±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle (whichever is

or ±1% of rated

reater)

> 2.0 × CT ratin

reater)

PHASE/NEUTRAL/GROUND IOC

Pickup Level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy:

0.1 to 2.0 × CT ratin

> 2.0 × CT ratin Overreach: <2% Pickup Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Reset Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Operate Time: <20 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz

Accuracy: Operate at 1.5 × Pickup

Timin

: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated

(whichever is ±1.5% of readin

±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is

reater)

NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TOC

Current: Phasor Pickup Level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97% to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy: ±0.5% of readin

Curve Shapes: IEEE Moderately/Very/Extremely

Curve Multiplier (Time Dial): 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 Reset Type: Instantaneous/T imed (per IEEE) and

Accuracy: Operate at > 1.03 × Actual Pickup

Timin

ever is from 0.1 to 2.0 x CT ratin ±1.5% of reading > 2.0 x CT ratin

Inverse; IEC (and BS) A/B/C and Short Inverse; GE IAC Inverse, Short/Very/ Extremely Inverse; I

rammable); Definite Time (0.01 s base

curve)

Linear

±3.5% of operate time or ±½ cycle (whichever is

or ±1% of rated (which-

reater)

t; FlexCurve™ (pro-

reater)

t; FlexCurve™ (pro-

NEGATIVE SEQUENCE IOC

Pickup Level: 0.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy:

0.1 to 2.0 × CT ratin (whichever is

> 2.0 × CT ratin Overreach: < 2 % Pickup Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Reset Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Operate Time: < 20 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz

Accuracy: Operate at 1.5 × Pickup

Timin

: ±0.5% of reading or ±1% of rated

reater)

: ±1.5% of readin

±3% or ± 4 ms (whichever is

reater)

PHASE DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

Relay Connection: 90° (quadrature) Quadrature Volta

ABC Phase Seq.: phase A (V

ACB Phase Seq.: phase A (V Polarizin Current Sensitivity Threshold: 0.05 pu Characteristic An

le Accuracy: ±2°

An Operation Time (FlexLo

Trippin

(reverse load, forward fault):< 12 ms, typically

Blockin

Voltage Threshold: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

le: 0 to 359° in steps of 1

(forward load, reverse fault):< 8 ms, typically

), phase B (VCA), phase C (VAB)

), phase B (VAC), phase C (VBA)

ic™ Operands):

NEUTRAL DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT

Directionality: Co-existing forward and reverse Polarizin Polarizin Polarizin Operatin Level Sensin Characteristic An Limit An

An Offset Impedance: 0.00 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01 Pickup Level: 0.05 to 30.00 pu in steps of 0.01 Dropuot Level: 97 to 98% Operation Time: < 16 ms at 3 × Pickup at 60 Hz

:Volta Voltage: V_0 or VX Current: IG Current: I_0

:3 × (|I_0| – K × |I_1|), K = 0.0625; IG

le: –90 to 90° in steps of 1

le: 40 to 90° in steps of 1, independent for

le Accuracy: ±2°

e, Current, Dual

forward and reverse

BREAKER FAILURE

Mode: 1-pole, 3-pole Current Supv. Level: Phase, Neutral Current Supv. Pickup: 0.001 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Current Supv. DPO: 97 to 98% of Pickup Current Supv. Accuracy:

0.1 to 2.0 × CT ratin

> 2 × CT ratin

: ±0.75% of reading or ±1% of rated

(whichever is

: ±1.5% of readin

reater)

2-14 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 37

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

ging

PHASE UNDERVOLTAGE

Voltage: Phasor only Pickup Level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 102 to 103% of Pickup Level Accuracy: ±0.5% of readin Curve Shapes: GE IAV Inverse;

Curve Multiplier: Time Dial = 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of

Accuracy: Operate at < 0.90 × Pickup

Timin

Definite Time (0.1s base curve)

0.01

±3.5% of operate time or ±4 ms (whichever is

from 10 to 208 V

reater)

PHASE OVERVOLTAGE

Voltage: Phasor only Pickup Level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy: ±0.5% of readin Pickup Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01 s Operate Time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × Pickup at 60 Hz

Accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is greater)

Timin

from 10 to 208 V

NEUTRAL OVERVOL TAGE

Pickup Level: 0.000 to 1.250 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy: ±0.5% of readin Pickup Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Reset Delay: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

Accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms (whichever is greater)

Timin Operate Time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × Pickup at 60 Hz

from 10 to 208 V

AUXILIARY UNDERVOLTAGE

Pickup Level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 102 to 103% of Pickup Level Accuracy: ±0.5% of readin Curve Shapes: GE IAV Inverse

Definite Time

Curve Multiplier: Time Dial = 0 to 600.00 in steps of 0.01

Accuracy: ±3% of operate time or ±4 ms

Timin

(whichever is

from 10 to 208 V

reater)

AUXILIARY OVERVOLTAGE

Pickup Level: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Dropout Level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Level Accuracy: ±0.5% of readin Pickup Delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01 Reset Delay: 0 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01

Accuracy: ±3% of operate time or ±4 ms

Timin

Operate Time: < 30 ms at 1.10 × pickup at 60 Hz

(whichever is

from 10 to 208 V

reater)

LINE PICKUP

Phase IOC: 0.000 to 30.000 pu Positive Sequence UV: 0.000 to 3.000 pu Positive Seq. OV Delay: 0.000 to 65.535 s

SYNCHROCHECK

Max Volt Difference: 0 to 100000 V in steps of 1 Max An Max Freq Difference: 0.00 to 2.00 Hz in steps of 0.01 Dead Source Function: None, LV1 & DV2, DV1 & LV2, DV1 or

le Difference: 0 to 100° in steps of 1

DV2, DV1 xor DV2, DV1 & DV2 (L=Live, D=Dead)

AUTORECLOSURE

Single breaker applications, 3-pole tripping schemes. Up to 4 reclose attempts before lockout. Independent dead time settin Possibility of chan

before each shot.

protection settings after each shot with

FlexLo

ic™.

POWER SWING DETECT

Functions: Power swing block, Out-of-step trip Measured Impedance: Positive-sequence

& Tripping Modes: 2-step or 3-step

Blockin Trippin

Mode: Early or Delayed

Current Supervision:

Pickup Level: 0.050 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001

Dropout Level: 97 to 98% of Pickup Fwd / Reverse Reach (sec. Ω): 0.10 to 500.00 Ω in steps of 0.01 Impedance Accuracy: ±5% Fwd / Reverse An

le Accuracy: ±2°

An Characteristic Limit An Timers: 0.000 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001

Accuracy: ±3% or 4 ms, whichever is greater

Timin

le Impedances: 40 to 90° in steps of 1

les: 40 to 140° in steps of 1

LOAD ENCROACHMENT

Measured Impedance: Positive-sequence Minumum Volta Reach (sec. Ω): 0.02 to 250.00 Ω in steps of 0.01 Impedance Accuracy: ±5% An

le: 5 to 50° in steps of 1 le Accuracy: ±2°

An Pickup Delay: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 Reset Delay: 0 to 65.535 s in steps of 0.001 Time Accuracy: ±3% or ±4 ms, whichever is Operate Time: < 30 ms at 60 Hz

e: 0.000 to 3.000 pu in steps of 0.001

reater

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-15

Page 38

2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.6.2 USER PROGRAMMABLE ELEMENTS

FLEXLOGIC™

Programming language: Reverse Polish Notation with graphical

Lines of code: 512 Number of Internal Variables: 64 Supported operations: NOT, XOR, OR (2 to 16 inputs), AND (2

Inputs: any lo

Number of timers: 32 Pickup delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1 Dropout delay: 0 to 60000 (ms, sec., min.) in steps of 1

visualization (keypad pro

to 16 inputs), NOR (2 to 16 inputs), NAND (2 to 16 inputs), LATCH (Reset dominant), EDGE DETECTORS, TIMERS

ical variable, contact, or virtual

input

FLEXCURVES™

Number: 2 (A and B) Number of reset points: 40 (0 throu Number of operate points: 80 (1 throu Time delay: 0 to 65535 ms in steps of 1

h 1 of pickup)

h 20 of pickup)

rammable)

FLEXELEMENTS™

Number of elements: 8 Operatin

Operatin Operatin Compensation direction: Over, Under Pickup Level: –30.000 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001 Hysteresis: 0.1 to 50.0% in steps of 0.1 Delta dt: 20 ms to 60 days Pickup and dropout delay: 0.000 to 65.535 in steps of 0.001

signal: any analog actual value, or two values in

differential mode signal mode: Signed or Absolute Value mode: Level, Delta

FLEX STATES

Number: up to 256 logical variables grouped

rammability: any logical variable, contact, or virtual

Pro

under 16 Modbus addresses

input

USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS

Number: 48 plus Trip and Alarm

rammability: from any logical variable, contact, or vir-

Pro

Reset mode: Self-reset or Latched

tual input

USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS

Number of displays: 8 Lines of display: 2 × 20 alphanumeric characters Parameters up to 5, any Modbus re

ister addresses

OSCILLOGRAPHY

Max. No. of Records: 64 Samplin Tri

Data: AC input channels

Data Stora

Rate: 64 samples per power cycle

ers: Any element pickup, dropout or operate

ital input change of state ital output change of state

ic™ equation

FlexLo

Element state Di

ital input state ital output state

e: In non-volatile memory

EVENT RECORDER

Capacity: 1024 events Time-ta Tri

Data Stora

: to 1 microsecond

ers: Any element pickup, dropout or operate

ital input change of state ital output change of state

Di Self-test events

e: In non-volatile memory

2.6.3 MONITORING

DATA LOGGER

Number of Channels: 1 to 16 Parameters: Any available analo Samplin Stora

Rate: 1 sec.; 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 min.

e Capacity: (NN is dependent on memory)

1-second rate: 01 channel for NN days

16 channels for NN days

↓↓

60-minute rate: 01 channel for NN days

16 channels for NN days

Actual Value

FAULT LOCATOR

Method: Single-ended Maximum accuracy if: Fault resistance is zero or fault currents

from all line terminals are in phase

Relay Accuracy: ±1.5% (V > 10 V, I > 0.1 pu) Worst-case Accuracy:

+ (user data)

%error

+ (user data)

%error

Line%error

METHOD RELAY ACCURACY

+ (user data)

+(Chapter 6)

%error

+ (1.5%)

2-16 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 39

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

2.6.4 METERING

RMS CURRENT: PHASE, NEUTRAL, AND GROUND

Accuracy at

0.1 to 2.0 × CT ratin

> 2.0 × CT ratin

: ±0.25% of reading or ±0.1% of rated

(whichever is

: ±1.0% of readin

reater)

RMS VOLTAGE

Accuracy: ±0.5% of reading from 10 to 208 V

APPARENT POWER VA

Accuracy: ±1.0% of readin

REAL POWER WATT

Accuracy: ±1.0% of reading at

–0.8 < PF ≤ –1.0 and 0.8 < PF ≤ 1.0

REACTIVE POWER VAR

Accuracy: ±1.0% of reading –0.2 ≤ PF ≤ 0.2

WATT-HOURS (POSITIVE & NEGATIVE)

Accuracy: ±2.0% of readin Range: ±0 to 2 × 109 MWh Parameters: 3-phase only Update Rate: 50 ms

AC CURRENT

CT Rated Primary: 1 to 50000 A CT Rated Secondary: 1 A or 5 A by connection Nominal Frequency: 20 to 65 Hz Relay Burden: < 0.2 VA at rated secondary Conversion Ran

Standard CT Module: 0.02 to 46 × CT ratin Sensitive Ground Module:

Current Withstand: 20 ms at 250 times rated

0.002 to 4.6 × CT ratin

1 sec. at 100 times rated Cont. at 3 times rated

RMS symmetrical

AC VOLTAGE

VT Rated Secondary: 50.0 to 240.0 V VT Ratio: 0.1 to 24000.0 Nominal Frequency: 20 to 65 Hz Relay Burden: < 0.25 VA at 120 V Conversion Ran

e Withstand: cont. at 260 V to neutral

Volta

e: 1 to 275 V

1 min./hr at 420 V to neutral

VAR-HOURS (POSITIVE & NEGATIVE)

Accuracy: ±2.0% of readin Range: ±0 to 2 × 109 Mvarh Parameters: 3-phase only Update Rate: 50 ms

DEMAND

Measurements: Phases A, B, and C present and maxi-

mum measured currents 3-Phase Power (P, Q, and S) present and maximum measured currents

Accuracy: ±2.0%

FREQUENCY

Accuracy at

V = 0.8 to 1.2 pu: ±0.01 Hz (when volta

for frequency measurement) I = 0.1 to 0.25 pu: ±0.05 Hz I > 0.25 pu ±0.02 Hz (when current si

frequency measurement)

e signal is used

nal is used for

2.6.5 INPUTS

FOR L90, THE NOMINAL SYSTEM FREQUENCY SHOULD BE SELECTED AS 50 HZ OR 60 HZ ONLY.

NOTE

CONTACT INPUTS

Dry Contacts: 1000 Ω maximum Wet Contacts: 300 V DC maximum Selectable Thresholds: 16 V, 30 V , 80 V, 140 V

nition Time: < 1 ms

Reco Debounce Timer: 0.0 to 16.0 ms in steps of 0.5

IRIG-B INPUT

Amplitude Modulation: 1 to 10 V pk-pk DC Shift: TTL Input Impedance: 22 kΩ

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-17

Page 40

2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.6.6 POWER SUPPLY

LOW RANGE

Nominal DC Voltage: 24 to 48 V at 3 A Min./Max. DC Volta NOTE: Low ran

e: 20 / 60 V

e is DC only.

HIGH RANGE

Nominal DC Voltage: 125 to 250 V at 0.7 A

Min./Max. DC Volta Nominal AC Volta Min./Max. AC Volta

e: 88 / 300 V

e: 100 to 240 V at 50/60 Hz, 0.7 A

e: 88 / 265 V at 48 to 62 Hz

FORM-A RELAY

Make and Carry for 0.2 sec.: 30 A as per ANSI C37.90 Carry Continuous: 6 A Break at L/R of 40 ms: 0.25 A DC max. Operate Time: < 4 ms Contact Material: Silver alloy

FORM-A VOLTAGE MONITOR

Applicable Voltage: approx. 15 to 250 V DC Trickle Current: approx. 1 to 2.5 mA

FORM-A CURRENT MONITOR

Threshold Current: approx. 80 to 100 mA

FORM-C AND CRITICAL FAILURE RELAY

Make and Carry for 0.2 sec: 10 A Carry Continuous: 6 A Break at L/R of 40 ms: 0.1 A DC max. Operate Time: < 8 ms Contact Material: Silver alloy

ALL RANGES

Volt Withstand: 2 × Highest Nominal Voltage for 10 ms

Voltage Loss Hold-Up:

Power Consumption: Typical = 35 VA; Max. = 75 VA

50 ms duration at nominal

INTERNAL FUSE

RATINGS

Low Range Power Supply: 7.5 A / 600 V Hi

h Range Power Supply: 5 A / 600 V

INTERRUPTING CAPACITY

AC: 100 000 A RMS symmetrical DC: 10 000 A

2.6.7 OUTPUTS

FAST FORM-C RELAY

Make and Carry: 0.1 A max. (resistive load) Minimum Load Impedance:

INPUT

VOLTAGE

250 V DC 20 K 120 V DC 5 K

48 V DC 2 K 24 V DC 2 K

Note: values for 24 V and 48 V are the same due to a required 95% volta

Operate Time: < 0.6 ms INTERNAL LIMITING RESISTOR: Power: 2 watts Resistance: 100 ohms

2 W RESISTOR 1 W RE SI STO R

e drop across the load impedance.

IMPEDANCE

Ω Ω Ω Ω

50 K

2 K 2 K 2 K

Ω Ω Ω Ω

CONTROL POWER EXTERNAL OUTPUT (FOR DRY CONTACT INPUT)

Capacity: 100 mA DC at 48 V DC Isolation: ±300 Vpk

2.6.8 COMMUNICATIONS

RS232

Front Port: 19.2 kbps, Modbus® RTU

RS485

1 or 2 Rear Ports: Up to 115 kbps, Modbus® RTU, isolated

Typical Distance: 1200 m

ether at 36 Vpk

2-18 L90 Line Differential Relay

ETHERNET PORT

10BaseF: 820 nm, multi-mode, supports half-

duplex/full-duplex fiber optic with ST connector

Redundant 10BaseF: 820 nm, multi-mode, half-duplex/full-

Power Bud Max Optical Ip Power: –7.6 dBm Typical Distance: 1.65 km

et: 10 db

duplex fiber optic with ST connector

GE Power Management

Page 41

2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

(

NOTE

2.6.9 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR INTERFACE OPTIONS

INTERFACE TYPE TYPICAL DISTANCE

RS422 1200 m G.703 100 m

RS422 distance is based on transmitter power and does not take into consideration the clock

NOTE

source provided by the user.

LINK POWER BUDGET

EMITTER, FIBER TYPE

820 nm LED, Multimode

1300 nm LED, Multimode

1300 nm ELED,

lemode

Sin 1300 nm Laser,

Sin

lemode

1550 nm Laser, Sin

lemode

TRANSMIT

POWER

–20 dBm –30 dBm 10 dB

–21 dBm –30 dBm 9 dB

–1 dBm –30 dBm 29 dB

+5 dBm –30 dBm 35 dB

RECEIVED

SENSITIVITY

POWER

BUDGET

These Power Budgets are calculated from the manufacturer’s worst-case transmitter power

NOTE

and worst case receiver sensitivity.

MAXIMUM OPTICAL INPUT POWER

EMITTER, FIBER TYPE MAX. OPTICAL

820 nm LED, Multimode –7.6 dBm 1300 nm LED, Multimode –11 dBm 1300 nm ELED, Sin 1300 nm Laser, Sin 1550 nm Laser, Sin

lemode –14 dBm lemode –14 dBm lemode –14 dBm

INPUT POWER

TYPICAL LINK DISTANCE

EMITTER TYPE FIBER TYPE CONNECTOR

820 nm LED Multimode ST 1.65 km 1300 nm LED Multimode ST 3.8 km 1300 nm ELED Sin 1300 nm Laser Sin 1550 nm Laser Sin

lemode ST 11.4 km lemode ST 64 km lemode ST 105 km

TYPE

TYPICAL

DISTANCE

Typical distances listed are based on the following assumptions for system loss. As actual losses will vary from one installation to another, the distance covered by your system may vary.

CONNECTOR LOSSES

ST Connector 2 dB

FIBER LOSSES

820 nm Multimode 3 dB/km 1300 nm Multimode 1 dB/km 1300 nm Sin 1550 nm Sin Splice losses: One splice every 2 km,

lemode 0.35 dB/km lemode 0.25 dB/km

SYSTEM MARGIN

TOTAL OF BOTH ENDS):

at 0.05 dB loss per splice.

3 dB additional loss added to calcula-

tions to compensate for all other losses.

2.6.10 ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Temperatures:

Cold: IEC 60028-2-1, 16 h at –40°C Dry Heat: IEC 60028-2-2, 16 h at 85°C

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 2-19

Humidity (noncondensing): IEC 60068-2-30, 95%, Variant 1, 6

Altitude: Up to 2000 m Installatio n C a te

days

ory: II

Page 42

2.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.6.11 TYPE TESTS

Electrical Fast Transient: ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1

IEC 61000-4-4 IEC 60255-22-4

Oscillatory Transient: ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1

Insulation Resistance: IEC 60255-5

Dielectric Stren

Electrostatic Dischar

e Immunity: EN 61000-4-5

Sur RFI Susceptibility: ANSI/IEEE C37.90.2

th: IEC 60255-6

IEC 61000-4-12

ANSI/IEEE C37.90

e: EN 61000-4-2

IEC 61000-4-3 IEC 60255-22-3 Ontario Hydro C-5047-77

THERMAL

Products go through a 12 h burn-in process at 60°C

APPROVALS

UL approval pendin CSA approval pendin Manufactured under an ISO9000 Registered system.

Conducted RFI: IEC 61000-4-6

e Dips/Interruptions/Variations:

Volta

IEC 61000-4-11 IEC 60255-11

Power Frequency Ma

Vibration Tes t (sinusoidal): IEC 60255-21-1 Shock and Bump: IEC 60255-21-2

netic Field Immunity:

IEC 61000-4-8

Type test report available upon request.

NOTE

2.6.12 PRODUCTION TESTS

CE:

LVD 73/23/EEC: IEC 1010-1 EMC 81/336/EEC: EN 50081-2

EN 50082-2

2.6.13 APPROVALS

2.6.14 MAINTENANCE

Cleaning: Normally, cleaning is not required; but for situations where dust has accumulated on the faceplate display, a dry cloth can be

used.

2-20 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 43

3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION 3.1.1 PANEL CUTOUT

The relay is av ail abl e as a 19-inch ra ck ho riz ont al mount unit or as a red uc ed size (¾) vertic al m oun t un it, with a removabl e faceplate. The modular design allows the relay to be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified service person. The faceplate is hinged t o a llo w eas y ac ce ss to the rem ov abl e m odu les, and is itself rem ov ab le to a llo w mo unt ing on doors with lim ited rear depth. There is also a removable dust cover that fits over the faceplate, which must be removed when attempting to access the keypad or RS232 communications port.

The vertical and horizontal case dimensions are shown below, along with panel cutout details for panel mounting. When planning the location of your panel cutout, ensure that provision is made for the faceplate to swing open without interference to or from adjacent equipment.

The relay must be mounted such that the faceplate sits semi-flush with the panel or switchgear door, allowing the operator access to the keypad and the RS232 communications port. The relay is secured to the panel with the use of four screws supplied with the relay.

URSERIESURSERIES

GE Power Management

Figure 3–1: L90 VERTICAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS

L90 Line Differential Relay 3-1

Page 44

3.1 DESCRIPTION 3 HARDWARE

Figure 3–2: L90 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING INSTALLATION

3-2 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

Page 45

3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

INCHES (mm)

REMOTE MOUNTING

BEZEL OUTLINE

8x0.156 %%c

0.375 (9.5)

5.000

(127.0)

9.520

(241.8)

14.520 (368.8)

0.375 (9.5)

17.720 (450.1)

0.375

(9.5)

4.785 (121.5)

0.375

(9.5)

1.875

(47.6)

6.960 (176.8)

10.90" (276.8)

TOP VIEW

9.80"

(248.9)

HORIZONTAL (19" 4RU)

8.97"

(227.8)

Brackets repositioned for switchgear mtg.

17.52" (445.0)

827704B3.DWG

7.13"

(181.1)

CUTOUT

17.75"

(450.8)

PANEL MOUNTING

18.37"

(466.6)

1.57" (39.8)

4.00"

(101.6)

4x0.28" Dia.

(7.1)

19.00"

(482.6)

7.00"

(177.8)

FRONT VIEW

Figure 3–3: L90 VERTICAL SIDE MOUNTING REAR DIMENSIONS

Figure 3–4: L90 HORIZONTAL MOUNTING AND DIMENSIONS

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay 3-3

Page 46

3.1 DESCRIPTION 3 HARDWARE

3.1.2 MODULE WITHDRAWAL / INSERTION

Module withdrawal and insertion may only be performed when control power has been removed from the

WARNING

The relay, being modular in design, allows for th e w i thd r awal an d i nsertion of modules. Modules must onl y b e re pla ce d wi th like modules in their original factory configured slots.

The faceplate can be o pen ed to the le ft, on ce the sliding latch on the right side has been pushe d up, as s hown in the figu re below. This allows for easy accessibility of the modules for withdrawal.

unit. Inserting an incorrect module type into a slot may result in personal injury, damage to the unit or connected equipment, or undesired operation!

Proper electrostatic discharge protection (i.e. a static strap) must be used when coming in contact with modules while the relay is energized!

Figure 3–5: UR MODULE WITHDRAWAL/INSERTION

WITHDRAWAL: The ejector/inserter clips, located at the top and bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously to

release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. Record the original location of the module to ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot.

INSERTION: Ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bo ttom of e ach module must be in the di se nga ged pos iti on as the mod ul e is sm ooth ly ins erte d into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.

Type 9C a nd 9D CP U m odu le s are equipped with 1 0Bas eT and 10BaseF Ethernet connec tors fo r c omm un ic ati ons . These connectors must be individually disconnected from the module before the it can be removed from the chas-

NOTE

sis.

3-4 L90 Line Differential Relay

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Page 47

3 HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION

WARNING

3.1.3 REAR TERMINAL LAYOUT

Figure 3–6: REAR TERMINAL VIEW

Do not touch any rear terminals while the relay is energized!

3.1.4 REAR TERMINAL ASSIGNMENTS

The relay follows a convention with respect to terminal number assignments which are three characters long assigned in order by module slot position, row number, and column letter. Two-slot wide modules take their slot designation from the first slot position (nearest to CPU module) which is indicated by an arrow marker on the terminal block. See the following figure for an example of rear terminal assignments.

GE Power Management

Figure 3–7: EXAMPLE OF MODULES IN F & H SLOTS

L90 Line Differential Relay 3-5

Page 48

3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

3.2 WIRING 3.2.1 TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

TYPICAL CONFIGURATION

THE AC SIGNAL PATH IS CONFIGURABLE

ABC

(5 Amp)

TRIPPING DIRECTION

REMOTE

L90

twisted pairs

Ground at

Device end

( DC ONLY )

AC or DC

Shielded

No. 10AWG

Minimum

MODULES MUST BE

GROUNDED IF TERMINAL IS

PROVIDED

3a F

IC5

DIGITAL I/O

IG5

IC1

8A / 8B

H H H H H

H U

U U U U

1a F

IA5

5c 6a 6c

5b 7a

7c 8a 8c

IA1

CONTACT IN 5a CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

IB5

CURRENT INPUTS

COMMON 5b

COMMON 7b SURGE

IB1

H H H H H

U U U U U

GE Power Management

L90 Line Differential Relay

CONTACT IN 1c

CONTACT IN 2a

CONTACT IN 2c

COMMON 1b

CONTACT IN 3a

CONTACT IN 3c

CONTACT IN 4a

4a 4c

CONTACT IN 4c

LL LL

COMMON 3b

CONTACT IN 5a

CONTACT IN 5c

CONTACT IN 6a

CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

CONTACT IN 8a

CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

FIBER

Tx1 Rx1

CHNL. 1

FIBER

Tx2 Rx2

CHNL. 2

CRITICAL

FAILURE

2b 3a

48 VDC

OUTPUT

CONTROL

POWER

SURGE

FILTER

D2a D3a D4a

COM

D3b D4b D5b

COM

D5a D6a D7b

GROUND BUS

COM

* Optional

SURGE

I/O

RS485

COM 1

RS485 COM 2

IRIG-B SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

L90 COM. W7A

POWER SUPPLY

CPU

MODULE ARRANGEMENT

PFR

I/O

(front)

CONTACTS SHOWN

WITH NO

CONTROL POWER

I/O

(Rear View)

CONTACT IN 1a

Figure 3–8: TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

DB-9

RS-232

IG1

DIGITAL I/O

VOLTAGE INPUTS

831702by.CDR

JUMXLWKVBHT

CPU

CT/VT

I/O

CURRENT SUPV.

VOLT &

2a 2b

N N

1c 2a

TXD RXD

RXD TXD

SGND SGND

6c 7a

N N

CONNECTOR

S S

1c 2a

S S

6c 7a

S S

Power

Supply

VOLTAGE SUPV.

UR COMPUTER

22 33

4 5

88 99

9 PIN

PERSONAL COMPUTER

25 PIN CONNECTOR

This diagram is based on the following order code: L90-A00-HCL-F8A-H6G-L6D-N6K-S6C-U6H-W7A.

The purpose of this diagram is to provide an example of how the relay is typically wired, not specifi-

cally how to wire your own relay. Please refer to the following pages for examples to help you wire

your relay correctly based on your own relay configuration and order code.

OPTIONAL

CAUTION

3-6 L90 Line Differential Relay

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3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

CAUTION

3.2.2 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH RATINGS AND TESTING

a) RATINGS

The dielectric strength of UR module hardware is shown in the following table:

Table 3–1: DIELECTRIC STRENGTH OF UR MODULE HARDWARE

MODULE

TYPE

1 Power Supply High (+); Low (+); (–) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 min.

1 Power Supply 48 V DC (+) and (–) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 min.

1 Power Supply Relay Terminals Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 min.

2 Reserved for Future N/A N/A N/A 3 Reserved for Future N/A N/A N/A 4 Reserved for Future N/A N/A N/A 5 Analog I/O All except 8b Chassis < 50 V DC 6 Digital I/O All (See Precaution 2) Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 min.

7R L90 G.703 All except 2b, 3a, 7b, 8a Chassis 2000 V AC fo r 1 min.

7T L90 RS422 All except 6a, 7b, 8a Chassis < 50 V DC

8 CT/VT All Chassis 2000 V AC for 1 min. 9 CPU All except 7b Chassis < 50 VDC

MODULE FUNCTION TERMINALS DIELECTRIC STRENGTH

FROM TO

(AC)

(See Precaution 1)

b) TESTING

Filter networks and transient protection clamps are used in module hardware to prevent damage caused by high peak voltage transients, radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI). These protective components can be damaged by application of the ANSI/IEEE C37.90 specified test voltage for a period longer than the specified one minute. For testing of dielectric strength where the test interval may exceed one minute, always observe the following precautions:

Test Precautions:

1. The connection from ground to the Filter Ground (Terminal 8b) and Surge Ground (Terminal 8a) must be removed before testing.

2. Some versions of the digital I/O module have a Surge Ground connection on Terminal 8b. On these module types, this connection must be removed before testing.

3.2.3 CONTROL POWER

CONTROL POWER SUPPLIED TO THE RELAY MUST BE CONNECTED TO THE MATCHING POWER SUPPLY RANGE OF THE RELAY. IF THE VOLTAGE IS APPLIED TO THE WRONG TERMINALS, DAMAGE MAY OCCUR!

The power supply module can be ordered with either of two possible voltage ranges. Each range has a dedicated input connection for proper operation. The ranges are as shown below (see the Technical Specifications section for details).

Table 3–2: CONTROL POWER VOLTAGE RANGE

RANGE NOMINAL VOLTAGE

LO 24 to 48 V (DC only) HI 125 to 250 V

The power supply module provides power to the relay and supplies power for dry contact input connections.

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L90 Line Differential Relay 3-7

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3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

Figure 3–9: CONTROL POWER CONNECTION

The power supply module provides 48 V DC power for dry contact input connections and a critical failure relay (see TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM). The critical failure relay is a Form-C that will be energized once control power is applied and the relay has successfully booted up with no critical self-test failures. If any of the on-going self-test features detect a critical failure or control power is lost, the relay will de-energize.

3.2.4 CT/VT MODULES

A CT/VT module may hav e vo ltag e i npu ts on channels 1 throug h 4 inc lu si ve , or ch ann els 5 thro ugh 8 inclusive. C han ne ls 1 and 5 are intended for connection to phase A, and are labeled as such in the relay. Channels 2 and 6 are intended for connection to phase B, and are labeled as such in the relay. Channels 3 and 7 are intended for connection to phase C and are labeled as su ch in th e relay. Channels 4 a nd 8 are intended for c onn ec tio n t o a s in gle phase source . I f v ol tage , t his c ha nnel is labelled the auxiliary voltage (VX). If current, this channel is intended for connection to a CT between a system neutral and ground, and is labelled the ground current (IG).

a) AC CURRENT TRANSFORMER INPUTS

VERIFY THAT THE CONNECTION MADE TO THE RELAY NOMINAL CURRENT OF 1 A OR 5 A MATCHES THE SECONDARY RATING OF THE CONNECTED CTs. UNMATCHED CTs MAY RESULT IN EQUIPMENT

CAUTION

DAMAGE OR INADEQUATE PROTECTION.

The CT/VT module may be ordered with a standard ground current input that is the same as the phase current inputs (type 8A) or with a sensitive ground input (type 8B) which is 10 times more sensitive (see the Technical Specifications section for more details). Each AC current input has an isolating transformer and an automatic shorting mechanism that shorts the input when the module is withdrawn from the chassis. There are no internal ground connections on the current inputs. Current transformers with 1 to 50000 A primaries and 1 A or 5 A secondaries may be used.

CT connections for both ABC and ACB phase rotations are identical as shown in the TYPICAL WIRING DIAGRAM. The exact placement of a zero sequence CT so that ground fault current will be detected is shown below. Twisted pair

cabling on the zero sequence CT is recommended.

3-8 L90 Line Differential Relay

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3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

Figure 3–10: ZERO-SEQUENCE CORE BALANCE CT INSTALLATION

b) AC VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER INPUTS

The phase voltage channels are used for most metering and protection purposes. The auxiliary voltage channel is used as input for the Synchrocheck and Volts/Hertz features.

VOLTAGE INPUTS

IA5

1b ~

8A / 8B

IA1

1c ~

IB5

IB1

CURRENT INPUTS

3a2b3b ~

IC5

IG5

IC1

Figure 3–11: CT/VT MODULE WIRING

IA5

IA1

IB5

IB1

3c ~

IC5

IC1

IG5

IG1

CURRENT INPUTS

8C / 8D / 8Z

IA5

IB5

IA1

IB1

IC5

Figure 3–12: CT MODULE WIRING

Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module.

NOTE

4b ~

IG1

CTVTMDL.cdr (P/O 827831A2.CDR)

IG5

IC1

CTMDL8CD.cdr (P/O 827831A1.CDR)

8c ~

IG1

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L90 Line Differential Relay 3-9

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3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

3.2.5 CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS

Every digital input/output module has 24 terminal connections. They are arranged as 3 terminals per row, with 8 rows in total. A given row of three terminals may be used for the outputs of one relay. For example, for Form-C relay outputs, the terminals connect to the normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), and common contacts of the relay. For a Form-A output, there are options of using current or voltage detection for feature supervision, depending on the module ordered. The terminal configuration for contact inputs is different for the two applications. When a digital I/O module is ordered with contact inputs, they are arrang ed in groups of four and use two rows of three termin als . Ideally, each input would be tot all y is olated from any oth er inp ut. H owe ver, this would require that e very input have two ded ic ate d term ina ls a nd limit the availabl e number of contacts based on the available number of terminals. So, although each input is individually optically isolated, each group of four inp uts us es a s in gle c om mo n as a reas on abl e c om pro mi se . Th is allows each grou p o f fo ur outputs to be supplied by wet contacts from different voltage sources (if required) or a mix of wet and dry contacts.

The tables and diagrams on the following pages illustrate the module types (6A, etc.) and contact arrangements that may be ordered for the rela y. Since an entire row is used for a single contact output, th e name is assigned u sin g th e m odu le sl ot

position and row number. However, since there are two contact inputs per row, these names are assigned by module slot position, row number, and column position.

UR RELAY FORM-A OUTPUT CONTACTS

Some Form-A outputs inclu de c ircuits to monitor the DC voltag e ac ros s th e ou tput con tac t when it is ope n, an d the DC current through the outpu t co nta ct w he n i t is clo se d. Ea ch of th e monitors contains a le vel detector whose ou tput is set to logic “On = 1” when the current in the circuit is above the threshold setting. The voltage monitor is set to “On = 1” when the current is above about 1 to 2.5 mA, and the current monitor is set to “On = 1” when the current exceeds about 80 to 100 mA. The voltage monitor is intended to check the health of the overall trip circuit, and the current monitor can be used to seal-in the output contact until an external contact has interrupted current flow. The block diagrams of the circuits are below above for the Form-A outputs with:

a) optional voltage monitor b) optional current monitor c) with no monitoring

If Idc 80mA, Cont Op x Ion

otherwise Cont Op x Ioff

~#a

If Idc 1mA, Cont Op x Von

~#b

~#c

Both voltage and current monitoring

otherwise Cont Op x Voff

a) Voltage with optional

current monitoring

~#a

If Idc 1mA, Cont Op x Von

~#b

otherwise Cont Op x Voff

~#c

Voltage monitoring only

Load

~#a

If Idc 80mA, Cont Op x Ion

b) Current with optional

voltage monitoring

c) No monitoring

~#b

~#c

Current monitoring only Both voltage and current monitoring

~#a

~#b

~#c

otherwise Cont Op x Ioff

Load

Figure 3–13: FORM-A CONTACT FUNCTIONS

3-10 L90 Line Differential Relay

~#a

~#b

~#c

(external jumper a-b is required)

If Idc 80mA, Cont Op x Ion

otherwise Cont Op x Ioff

If Idc 1mA, Cont Op x Von

otherwise Cont Op x Voff

827821A4.CDR

GE Power Management

Load

Page 53

3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

WARNING

The operation of voltage and current monitors is reflected with the corresponding FlexLogic™ operands (Cont Op # Von, Cont Op # Voff, Cont Op # Ion, and Cont Op # Ioff) which can be used in protection, control and alarm logic. The typical application of the voltage monitor is Breaker Trip Circuit Integrity monitoring; a typical application of the Current monitor is seal-in of the control command. Refer D IG ITAL ELEMENTS section for an examp le of h ow Fo rm A contacts can be app lie d for Breaker Trip Circuit Integrity Monitoring.

Relay contacts must be considered unsafe to touch when the unit is energized!! If the relay contacts need to be used for low voltage accessible applications, it is the customer’s responsibility to ensure proper insulation levels!

USE OF FORM-A OUTPUTS IN HIGH IMPEDANCE CIRCUITS

For Form-A output contacts internally equipped with a voltage measuring cIrcuit across the contact, the circuit has

NOTE

an impedance that can cause a problem when used in conjunction with external high input impedance monitoring equipment such as modern relay test set trigger circuits. These monitoring circuits may continue to read the FormA contact as being closed after it has closed and subsequently opened, when measured as an impedance.

The solution to this problem is to use the voltage measuring trigger input of the relay test set, and connect the Form-A contact t hrou gh a voltage-dropping resistor to a DC v olt age s ou r ce . I f the 48 V DC output of t he po wer supply is used as a source, a 500Ω, 10 W resistor is appropriate. In this configuration, the voltage across either the Form-A contact or the resistor can be used to monitor the state of the output.

Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module; wherever a number sign "#" appears, substitute the contact number

NOTE

When current monitoring is used to seal-in the Form-A contact outputs, the FlexLogic™ Operand driving the contact output should be given a reset delay of 10 ms to prevent damage of the output contact (in situ-

NOTE

ations when the element initiating the contact output is bouncing, at values in the region of the pickup value).

Table 3–3: DIGITAL I/O MODULE ASSIGNMENTS

~6A I/O MODULE ~6B I/O MODULE ~6C I/O MODULE

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

~1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-C ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C ~3 Form-C

~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~4 Form-C ~5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-C ~5 Form-C ~6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-C ~6 Form-C ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Form-C ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Form-C

~6D I/O MODULE ~6E I/O MODULE ~6F I/O MODULE

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1a, ~1c 2 Inputs

2a, ~2c 2 Inputs

3a, ~3c 2 Inputs

4a, ~4c 2 Inputs

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

INPUT TERMINAL

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

1 Form-C

2 Form-C

3 Form-C

4 Form-C

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Fast Form-C

2 Fast Form-C

3 Fast Form-C

4 Fast Form-C

5 Fast Form-C

6 Fast Form-C

7 Fast Form-C

8 Fast Form-C

OUTPUT

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3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

~6G I/O MODULE ~6H I/O MODULE ~6K I/O MODULE

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A ~1 Form-A ~1 Form-C

2 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~2 Form-C

3 Form-A ~3 Form-A ~3 Form-C

4 Form-A ~4 Form-A ~4 Form-C

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-A ~5 Fast Form-C

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-A ~6 Fast Form-C

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

~6L I/O MODULE ~6M I/O MODULE ~6N I/O MODULE

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A

2 Form-A

3 Form-C

4 Form-C

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs ~7 Fast Form-C

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs ~8 Fast Form-C

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A

2 Form-A

3 Form-C

4 Form-C

5 Form-C

6 Form-C

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A

2 Form-A

3 Form-A

4 Form-A

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

OUTPUT

INPUT

~6P I/O MODULE ~6R I/O MODULE ~6S I/O MODULE

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

~1 Form-A ~2 Form-A ~3 Form-A ~4 Form-A ~5 Form-A ~6 Form-A

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

~6T I/O MODULE ~6U I/O MODULE

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A ~1 Form-A

2 Form-A ~2 Form-A

3 Form-A ~3 Form-A

4 Form-A ~4 Form-A

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs ~5 Form-A

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs ~6 Form-A

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A

2 Form-A

3 Form-C

4 Form-C

5a, ~5c 2 Inputs

6a, ~6c 2 Inputs

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

TERMINAL

ASSIGNMENT

1 Form-A

2 Form-A

3 Form-C

4 Form-C

5 Form-C

6 Form-C

7a, ~7c 2 Inputs

8a, ~8c 2 Inputs

OUTPUT OR

INPUT

3-12 L90 Line Differential Relay

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Page 55

3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

CONTACT IN 5a

CONTACT IN 5c

CONTACT IN 6a

CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

CONTACT IN 8a

CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

~~ ~

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~~

4a 4c

~~ ~~

SURGE

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b SURGE

CONTACT IN 1a CONTACT IN 1c CONTACT IN 2a CONTACT IN 2c

COMMON 1b

CONTACT IN 3a CONTACT IN 3c CONTACT IN 4a CONTACT IN 4c

COMMON 3b

CONTACT IN 5a CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~

1c 2a

~ ~

6c 7a

~ ~

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~

3a 3b

1a 1b

2a 2b

~ ~

1c 2a

~ ~

6c 7a

~ ~

1c 2a

~ ~

6c 7a

~ ~

8a 8c

CONTACT IN 5a CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

CONTACT IN 5a CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

~ ~ ~ ~

COMMON 5b

~ ~

~ ~ ~

COMMON 7b

SURGE

CONTACT IN 5a

~ ~ ~ ~

COMMON 5b

CONTACT IN 7a

~ ~ ~ ~

COMMON 7b

SURGE

~ ~ ~ ~

COMMON 7b

SURGE

~ ~ ~ ~

COMMON 5b

~ ~

~ ~ ~

COMMON 7b

SURGE

~ ~ ~ ~

COMMON 7b

SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

~~ ~

2c 3a

~ ~

2a 2b

~ ~

3a 3b

~ ~

GE Power Management

Figure 3–14: DIGITAL I/O MODULE WIRING (SHEET 1 OF 2)

L90 Line Differential Relay 3-13

Page 56

3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

CONTACT IN 5a

CONTACT IN 5c

CONTACT IN 6a

CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

~ ~

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

CONTACT IN 8a

CONTACT IN 8c

~ ~

~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

~ ~ ~~ ~ ~

7c 8a 8c

5c 6a 6c

5b 7a

7c 8a 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

CONTACT IN 5a CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

~ ~

2c 3a

~ ~

2c 3a

CONTACT IN 5a

CONTACT IN 5c

CONTACT IN 6a

CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

~ ~

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

CONTACT IN 8a

CONTACT IN 8c

~ ~

~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

~ ~ ~~ ~ ~

7c 8a 8c

5c 6a 6c

5b 7a

8a 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

CONTACT IN 5a CONTACT IN 5c CONTACT IN 6a CONTACT IN 6c

COMMON 5b

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

~ ~

2c 3a

1a 1b

2a 2b

~ ~

2c 3a

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

~~ ~

CONTACT IN 8a

~~ ~

CONTACT IN 8c

~~ ~ ~~ ~

COMMON 7b

SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~

~~ ~

Figure 3–15: DIGITAL I/O MODULE WIRING (SHEET 2 OF 2)

CORRECT POLARITY MUST BE OBSERVED FOR ALL CONTACT INPUT CONNECTIONS OR EQUIP-

CAUTION

MENT DAMAGE MAY RESULT.

3-14 L90 Line Differential Relay

CONTACT IN 7a CONTACT IN 7c CONTACT IN 8a CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

DIGITAL I/O

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

827719AR.CDR Sheet 2 of 2

1a 1b

2a 2b

3a 3b

4a 4b

5a 5b

6a 6b

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3 HARDWARE 3.2 WIRING

A dry contact has one side connected to terminal B3b. This is the positive 48 V DC voltage rail supplied by the power supply module. The other side of the dry contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. Each contact input group has its own common (negative) terminal which must be connected to the DC negative terminal (B3a) of the power supply module. When a dry contact closes, a current of 1 to 3 mA will flow through the associated circuit.

A wet contact has o ne si de con necte d to the posi tive t ermina l of an extern al DC po wer s upply. The other side of this contact is connected to the required contact input terminal. In addition, the negative side of the external source must be connected to the relay common (negative) terminal of each contact input group. The maximum external source voltage for this arrangement is 300V DC.

The voltage threshold at which each group of four contact inputs will detect a closed contact input is programmable as 16 V DC for 24 V sources, 30 V DC for 48 V sources, 80 V DC for 110 to 125 V sources, and 140 V DC for 250 V sources.

DIGITAL I/O 6B

~ ~7c ~

1bB 1a

3a -

3b +

5b HI+

6b LO+

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

CONTACT IN 8a

CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

CRITICAL

FAILURE

48 VDC

OUTPUT

CONTROL

POWER

SURGE

FILTER

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

24-250V

POWER SUPPLY 1

(Wet)(Dry)

DIGITAL I/O 6B ~

CONTACT IN 7a

CONTACT IN 7c

CONTACT IN 8a

CONTACT IN 8c

COMMON 7b

SURGE

827741A4.CDR

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Figure 3–16: DRY AND WET CONTACT INPUT CONNECTIONS

Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module.

NOTE

Contact outputs may be ord ered as Fo rm-A or F orm -C. Th e Form A contacts may b e con nec ted fo r ex tern al ci rcu it s up erv ision. These contacts are provided with voltage and current monitoring circuits used to detect the loss of DC voltage in the circuit, and the presence of DC current flowing through the contacts when the Form-A contact closes. If enabled, the current monitoring can be used as a seal-in signal to ensure that the Form-A contact does not attempt to break the energized inductive coil circuit and weld the output contacts.

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3.2.6 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS

Transducer input/output modules can receive input signals from external dcmA output transducers (dcmA In) or resistance temperature detectors (RTD). Hardware and software is provided to receive signals from these external transducers and convert these signals into a digital format for use as required.

Every transducer input/output module has a total of 24 terminal connections. These connections are arranged as three terminals per row with a total of eight rows. A given row may be used for either inputs or outputs, with terminals in column "a" having positive polarity and terminals in column "c" having negative polarity. Since an entire row is used for a single input/ output channel, the name of the channel is assigned using the module slot position and row number.

Each module also requires that a connection from an external ground bus be made to Terminal 8b. The figure below illustrates the transducer module types (5C, 5E, and 5F) and channel arrangements that may be ordered for the relay.

Wherever a tilde “~” symbol appears, substitute with the Slot Position of the module.

NOTE

Hot

Comp

Return

Hot

Comp

Hot

Comp

Return

Hot

Comp

Hot

Comp

Return

Hot

Comp

Hot

Comp

Return

Hot

Comp

for RTD 1 & 2

for RTD 3 & 4

for RTD 5 & 6

for RTD 7 & 8

SURGE

~~~

~ ~

~~~

~~~ ~

~~~

RTD 1

RTD 2

RTD 3

RTD 4

RTD 5

RTD 6

RTD 7

RTD 8

ANALOG I/O

~ ~

Hot

Comp

Return

~~~

Hot

Comp

Hot

Comp

Return

~~~

Hot

Comp

dcmA In 1

dcmA In 2

dcmA In 3

dcmA In 4

for RTD 5 & 6

for RTD 7 & 8

RTD 5

RTD 6

RTD 7

RTD 8

SURGE

~ ~

ANALOG I/O

~ ~

5c 6a

~ ~

dcmA In 1

dcmA In 2

dcmA In 3

dcmA In 4

dcmA In 5

dcmA In 6

dcmA In 7

dcmA In 8

SURGE

ANALOGIO.CDR FROM 827831A6.CDR

Figure 3–17: TRANSDUCER I/O MODULE WIRING

ANALOG I/O

3-16 L90 Line Differential Relay

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3.2.7 RS232 FACEPLATE PROGRAM PORT

A 9 pin RS232C serial port is located on the relay’s faceplate for programming with a portable (personal) computer. All that is required to use this interface is a personal computer running the URPC software provided with the relay. Cabling for the RS232 port is shown in the following figure for both 9 pin and 25 pin connectors.

Note that the baud rate for this port is fixed at 19200 bps.

Front panel 9 pin RS232 Program portFront panel 9 pin RS232 Program port

1: N/A1: N/A 2: (TXD)2: (TXD)

RELAY

FRONT PANELFRONT PANEL

PROGRAM PORTPROGRAM

PERSONAL

COMPUTER

PORT

3: (RXD)3: (RXD) 4: N/A4: N/A 5: (SGND) Signal Ground5: (SGND) Signal Ground 6: N/A6: N/A 7: N/A7: N/A 8: N/A8: N/A 9: N/A9: N/A

9 PIN9 PIN RS232RS232

RS232 INTERFACERS232 INTERFACE

RELARELAY COMPUTERCOMPUTER

TXDTXD

RXDRXD

3 4

SGNDSGND

5 6 7 8 9

9 PIN9 PIN

CONNECTCONNECTOROR

RXDRXD

TXDTXD

2020

SGNDSGND

6 4

2222

25 PIN25 PIN CONNECTCONNECTOROR

RS232RS232

CONNECTORD CONNECTORD CONNECTOR

D CONNECTORD

COM1 OR COM2COM1 OR COM2

SERIAL PORTSERIAL PORT

827758A3.DWG827758A3.DWG

Figure 3–18: RS232 FACEPLATE PORT CONNECTION

3.2.8 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS

In addition to the RS232 port on the faceplate, the relay provides the user with two additional communication port(s) depending on the CPU module ins tall ed.

Table 3–4: CPU COMMUNICATION PORT OPTIONS

CPU TYPE COM 1 COM 2

9A RS485 RS485 9C 10BASE-F RS485 9D Redundant 10BASE-F RS485

Tx1

D2a D3a D4a D3b D4b D5b D5a D6a D7b

COM

RS485 COM 1

RS485

COM 2

IRIG-B

SURGE

CPU

D3b D4b D5b D5a D6a D7b

10BaseF

10BaseT

COM

NORMAL

TEST ONLY

RS485 COM 2

IRIG-B

SURGE

COM

CPU

Tx2

D3b D4b D5b D5a D6a D7b

10BaseF

Rx1

10BaseF

Rx2

10BaseT

COM

NORMAL

ALTERNATE

TEST ONLY

RS485

COM 2

IRIG-B

SURGE GROUND

COM

CPU

COMMOD.CDR

P/O 827719C2.CDR

Figure 3–19: CPU MODULE COMMUNICATIONS WIRING

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3.2 WIRING 3 HARDWARE

a) RS485 PORTS

RS485 data transmissi on and rec ept ion are ac comp lishe d over a si ngle twis ted pair w ith tran smit an d receiv e data al ternating over the same two wires. Through the use of these port(s), continuous monitoring and control from a remote computer, SCADA system or PLC is possible.

To minimize errors from noise, the use of shielded twisted pair wire is recommended. Correct polarity must also be observed. For instance, the relays must be connected with all RS485 “+” terminals connected together, and all RS485 “–” terminals connected together. The COM terminal should be connected to the common wire inside the shield, when provided. To avoid loop currents, the shield should be grounded at one point only. Each relay should also be daisy chained to the next one in the link. A maximum of 32 relays can be connected in this manner without exceeding driver capability. For larger systems, additional serial channels must be added. It is also possible to use commercially available repeaters to increase the number of relays on a single channel to more than 32. Star or stub connections should be avoided entirely.

Lightning strikes and ground surge currents can cause large momentary voltage differences between remote ends of the communication link. For this reason, surge protection devices are internally provided at both communication ports. An iso-

lated power supp ly w ith a n opto co upl ed data interface al so ac ts to re duc e no ise c ou pling. To ensure maximum reliability, all equipment should have similar transient protection devices installed.

Both ends of the RS485 circuit should also be terminated with an impedance as shown below.

DATA

CHASSIS GROUND

SCADA/PLC/COMPUTER

(*) TERMINATING IMPEDANCE AT EACH END (TYPICALLY 120 Ohms and 1 nF)

Required

SCADA/PLC/COMPUTER ONLY

GROUND SHIELD AT

OR AT UR RELAY ONLY

COM

TWISTED

ZT(*) PAIR

SHIELD

UP TO 32 DEVICES, MAXIMUM 4000 FEET

D2a RS485 +

RS485 PORT

D7b

ZT(*)

Figure 3–20: RS485 SERIAL CONNECTION

RS485 -D3a

SURGE

COMP 485COMD4a

RS485 +D2a

485 -D3a

SURGED7b

COMP 485COMD4a

485 +D2a

485 -D3a

SURGED7b

COMP 485COMD4a

RELAY

DATA

36V

RELAY

LAST DEVICE

827757A5.DWG

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CAUTION

b) 10BASE-F FIBER OPTIC PORT

ENSURE THE DUST COVERS ARE INSTALLED WHEN THE FIBER IS NOT IN USE. DIRTY OR SCRATCHED CONNECTORS CAN LEAD TO HIGH LOSSES ON A FIBER LINK.

OBSERVING ANY FIBER TRANSMITTER OUTPUT MAY CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYE.

The fiber optic communication ports allow for fast and efficient communications between relays at 10 Mbps. Optical fiber may be connected to the relay supporting a wavelength of 820 nanometers in multimode. Optical fiber is only available for CPU types 9C and 9D. The 9D CPU has a 10Bas eF transmit ter an d receiver for op tical fiber commu nicat ions an d a secon d pair of identical optical fiber transmitter and receiver for redundancy.

The optical fiber sizes supported include 50/125 µm, 62.5/125 µm and 100/140 µm. The fiber optic port is designed such that the response ti mes wi ll not vary fo r any c ore that is 100 µm or less in diam eter. For optical power budgeting, splice s ar e required every 1 km for the transmitter/receiver pair (the ST type connector contributes for a connector loss of 0.2 dB). When splicing optic al fibe rs, t he diamete r an d nume rical a perture o f each f iber mu st be th e sam e. In orde r to enga ge or disengage the ST type connector, only a quarter turn of the coupling is required.

3.2.9 IRIG-B

GPS CONNECTION OPTIONAL

TIME CODE

GENERATOR

(DC SHIFT OR

AMPLITUDE MODULATED

SIGNAL CAN BE USED)

IRIG-B

GPS SATELLITE SYSTEM

RG58/59 COAXIAL CABLE

TO OTHER DEVICES

RELAY

D5a

D6a

IRIG-B(+)

RECEIVER

IRIG-B(-)

827756A4.CDR

Figure 3–21: IRIG-B CONNECTION

IRIG-B is a standard time code format that allows stamping of events to be synchronized among connected devices within 1 millisecond. The IRIG time code formats are serial, width-modulated codes which can be either DC level shifted or amplitude modulated (AM). Third party equipment is available for generating the IRIG-B signal; this equipment may use a GPS satellite system to obtain the time reference so that devices at different geographic locations can also be synchronized.

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3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3.3.1 DESCRIPTION

The L90 relay requires a special communications module which is plugged into slot “W” for UR-Horizontal or slot “R” for UR-Vertical. This module is available in several varieties. Relay to relay channel communication is not the same as the 10Base-F interface (available as an option with the CPU module). Channel communication is used for sharing data among relays.

Table 3–5: CHANNEL COMMUNICATION OPTIONS

MODULE

TYPE

7A 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 7B 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 Channel 7C 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 Channel 7D 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel 7E Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 820 nm, multi-mode, LED

7F Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED 7G Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED 7Q Channel 1: G.703; Channel 2: 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER 7H 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels

7I 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 Channels

7J 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 Channels 7K 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channels

7L Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED 7M Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED 7N Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED 7P Ch 1 - RS422, Ch 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER 7R G.703, 1 Channel 7S G.703, 2 Channels

7T RS422, 1 Channel

7W RS422, 2 Channels

72 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 Channel

73 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 Channel

74 Channel 1 - RS422; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER

75 Channel 1 - G.703; Channel 2 - 1550 nm, single-mode, LASER

SPECIFICATION

The above table shows the various Channel Communication interfaces available for the L90 relay. All of the fiber modules use ST type connectors. For 2-Terminal applications, each L90 relay requires at least one communications channel.

The L90 Current Differential Function must be “Enabled” for the Communications Module to work. Refer to

SETTINGS ÖØ CONTROL ELEMENTS Ö LINE DIFFERENTIAL Ö CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL

NOTE

menu.

OBSERVING ANY FIBER TRANSMITTER OUTPUT MAY CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYE.

CAUTION

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WARNING

3.3.2 FIBER: LED & ELED TRANSMITTERS

The following figure shows the configuration for the 7A, 7B, 7C, 7H, 7I, and 7J fiber-only modules.

Module: 7A / 7B / 7C 7H / 7I / 7J

Connection Location: Slot X Slot X

RX1 RX1

TX1 TX1

RX2

TX2

1 Channel 2 Channels

831719A2.CDR

Figure 3–22: LED & ELED FIBER MODULES

3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS

The following figure shows the configuration for the 72, 73, 7D, and 7K fiber-laser module.

Module:

Connection Location:

72/ 7D Slot X

TX1 TX1

RX1 RX1

1 Channel 2 Channels

73/ 7K Slot X

TX2

RX2

831720A3.CDR

Figure 3–23: LASER FIBER MODULES

When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed Maximum Optical Input Power to the receiver.

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3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE

3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE

a) DESCRIPTION

The following figu re shows the 64K ITU G. 70 3 c o-d irec tio na l i nte rfac e c on fig urat ion . For 2-Terminal configurations, channe l 2 is not used.

AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external connections, with the shield grounded at only at one end. Connecting the shi eld to Pin # X1 a o r X6 a g roun ds the s hie ld since these pins a re i nternally connected to grou nd. Thus, if Pin # X1a or X6a is used, do not ground at the other end.

This interface module is protected by surge suppression devices.

Shld.

1b 2a 2b 3a 3b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

G.703

CHANNEL 1

SURGE

G.703

CHANNEL 2

SURGE

X X X X X X X X X X X

L90 COMM.

Figure 3–24: G.703 INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two G.703 interfaces. For the actual physical arrangement of these pins, see the REAR TERMINAL ASSIGNMENTS section earlier in this chapter. All pin interconnections are to be maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.

G.703

CHANNEL 1

SURGE

G.703

CHANNEL 2

L90 COMM.

SURGE

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

X X X X X X X X X X X X

1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b 6a 6b 7a 7b 8a 8b

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

G.703

CHANNEL 1

SURGE

G.703

CHANNEL 2

SURGE

L90 COMM.

Figure 3–25: TYPICAL PIN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN TWO G.703 INTERFACES

Pin nomenclature may differ from one manufacturer to another. Therefore, it is not uncommon to see pinouts numbered TxA, TxB, RxA and RxB. In such cases, it can be assumed that “A” is equivalent to “+”

NOTE

and “B” is equivalent to “–”.

b) G.703 SELECTION SWITCH PROCEDURE

Step 1: Remove the G.703 module (7R or 7S):

The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module, must be pulled simultaneously in order to release the module for removal. Before performing this action, control power must be removed from the relay. The original location of the module should be recorded to help ensure that the same or replacement module is inserted into the correct slot.

Step 2: Remove the module cover screw.

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Step 3: Remove the top cover by sliding it towards the rear and then lift it upwards. Step 4: Set the Timing Selection Switches (Channel 1, Channel 2) to the desired timing modes. Step 5: Replace the top cover and the cover screw. Step 6: Re-insert the G.703 module:

Take care to ensure that the correct module type is inserted into the correct slot position. The ejector/inserter clips located at the top and at the bottom of each module must be in the disengaged position as the module is smoothly inserted into the slot. Once the clips have cleared the raised edge of the chassis, engage the clips simultaneously. When the clips have locked into position, the module will be fully inserted.

Figure 3–26: G.703 TIMING SELECTION SWITCH SETTING

Table 3–6: G.703 TIMING SELECTIONS

SWITCHES FUNCTION

S1 OFF → Octet Timing Disabled

S5 & S6 S5 = OFF & S6 = OFF → Loop Timing Mode

c) OCTET TIMING (S1)

If Octet Timing is enabled (ON), this 8 kHz signal will be asserted during the violation of Bit 8 (LSB) necessary for connecting to higher order systems. When L90's are connected back to back, Octet Timing should be disabled (OFF).

GE Power Management

ON → Octet Timing 8 kHz

S5 = ON & S6 = OFF → Internal Timing Mode S5 = OFF & S6 = ON → Minimum Remote Loopback Mode S5 = ON & S6 = ON → Dual Loopback Mode

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3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE

d) TIMING MODES (S5 & S6)

Internal Timing Mode:

System clock generated internally; therefore, the G.703 timing selection should be in the Internal Timing Mode for back to back connections.

Figure 3–27: BACK TO BACK CONNECTION

For Back to Back Connections: Octet Timing (S1 = OFF); Timing Mode = Internal Timing (S5 = ON & S6 = OFF)

Loop Timing Mode:

System clock d eri ve d from the rece iv ed l ine s ig nal ; the r efo re, the G.703 tim ing s el ec tio n should be i n Lo op Timing M ode f or connections to higher order systems.

Figure 3–28: CONNECTION TO HIGHER ORDER SYSTEM

For connection to a higher order system (factory defaults): Octet Timing (S1 = ON);

Timing Mode = Loop Timing (S5 = OFF & S6 = OFF)

e) TEST MODES (S5 & S6)

Minimum Remote Loopback Mode:

In Minimum Remote Loopback mode, the multiplexer is enabled to return the data from the external interface without any processing to assist in diagnosing G.703 Line Side problems irrespective of clock rate. Data enters from the G.703 inputs, passes through the data stabilization latch which also restores the proper signal polarity, passes through the multiplexer and then returns to the transmitter. The Differential Received Data is processed and passed to the G.703 Transmitter module after which point the data is discarded. The G.703 Receiver module is fully functional and continues to process data and passes it to the Differential Manchester Transmitter m od ule . Si nc e t im ing i s retu rned a s it is rec ei ve d, the ti mi ng source is expected to be from the G.703 line side of the interface.

Dual Loopback Mode:

In Dual Loopback Mode, the multiplexers are active and the functions of the circuit are divided into two with each Receiver/ Transmitter pair linked together to deconstruct and then reconstruct their respective signals. Differential Manchester data enters the Differen tial Ma nches ter Recei ver mod ule and then is return ed to the D if ferenti al Manche ster T rans mitte r module. Likewise, G.703 data enters the G.703 Receiver module and is passed through to the G.703 Transmitter module to be

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returned as G.703 data. Because of the complete split in the communications path and because, in each case, the clocks are extracted and recons tructed with the outgo ing data, in this mo de the re must be two indep enden t source s of timin g. One source lies on the G.703 line side of the interface while the other lies on the Differential Manchester side of the interface.

3.3.5 RS422 INTERFACE

The following figure shows the RS422 2-Terminal interface configuration at 64K baud. For 2-Terminal configurations, channel 2 is not used. AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external connections. This interface module is protected by surge suppression devices which optically isolated.

Shield T e rmina tion

The shield pins (6a and 7b) are internally connected to the ground pin (8a). Proper shield termination is as follows:

Site 1: Terminate shield to pins 6a and/or 7b. Site 2: Terminate shield to ‘COM’ pin 2b.

The clock terminating impedance should match the impedance of the line.

NOTE

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

com

RS422

CHANNEL 1

RS422

CHANNEL 2

CLOCK

SURGE

RS422.CDR p/o 827831A6.CDR

W7W

L90 COMM.

Figure 3–29: RS422 INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

The following figure shows the typical pin interconnection between two RS422 interfaces. All pin interconnections are to be maintained for a connection to a multiplexer.

RS422

CHANNEL 1

CLOCK

L90 COMM.

SURGE

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

com

W W W W W W W W W

3b 3a 2a 4b 6a 7a 8b 2b 8a

W W W W W W W W W

3b 3a 2a 4b 6a 7a 8b 2b 8a

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Shld.

com

RS422

CHANNEL 1

CLOCK

SURGE

L90 COMM.

64 KHz

831728A3.CDR

Figure 3–30: TYPICAL PIN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN TWO RS422 INTERFACES

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3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION 3 HARDWARE

a) RS422: TWO CHANNEL APPLICATIONS VIA MULTIPLEXERS

The RS422 Interface m ay be used for ‘1 c hanne l - 2 ter minal ’ or ‘2 chann el - 3 termi nal’ a pplic ations over SONET/ SDH an d/ or Multiplexed systems. When used in 1 channel - 2 terminal applications, the RS422 interface links to higher order systems in a typical fashion observing Tx, Rx, and Send Timing connections. However, when used in 2 channel - 3 terminal applications, certain criteria have to be followed due to the fact that there is 1 clock input for the two RS422 channels. The system will function correctly if the following con nec ti ons are ob served and your Data Modul e has a feat ure c all ed Terminal Timing. Terminal Ti mi ng is a common feature t o m ost Syn chro nous Data Units that all ow s the module to accept tim in g from an external source. U s in g th e Terminal Ti mi ng f eat ure, 2 channel - 3 termin al applications can be a ch iev ed if thes e c on nec tions are followed: The Sen d Timing outputs from th e Mult iplex er - Data M odule 1, will conne ct to th e Cl ock i nputs of the UR

- RS422 interface in the usual fashion. In addition, the Send Timing outputs of Data Module 1 will also be paralleled to the Terminal Timing inputs of D ata M odule 2. By u sing this conf igu ration the tim ing fo r both Data Modul es and b oth UR - RS42 2 channels will be derived from a single clock source. As a result, data sampling for both of the UR - RS422 channels will be synchronized via th e Send Timing le ads o n D ata M odu le 1 as s how n i n t he following figure . If the Terminal Timing fea ture is not available or this type of connection is not desired, the G.703 interface is a viable option that does not impose timing

restrictions.

RS422

CHANNEL 1

CLOCK

RS422

CHANNEL 2

SURGE

L90 COMM.

Tx1(+)

Tx1(-)

Rx1(+)

Rx1(-)

Shld.

Tx2(+)

Tx2(-)

Rx2(+)

Rx2(-)

Shld.

com

Data Module 1

W W

6a 7a

W W

5a 7b

Pin No.

Data Module 2

Pin No.

Signal Name

SD(A) - Send Data

SD(B) - Send Data

RD(A) - Received Data

RD(B) - Received Data

RS(A) - Request to Send (RTS)

RS(B) - Request to Send (RTS)

RT(A) - Receive Timing

RT(B) - Receive Timing

CS(A) - Clear To Send

CS(B) - Clear To Send

Local Loopback

Remote Loopback

Signal Ground

ST(A) - Send Timing

ST(B) - Send Timing

Signal Name

TT(A) - Terminal Timing

TT(B) - Terminal Timing

SD(A) - Sand Data

SD(B) - Sand Data

RD(A) - Received Data

RD(B) - Received Data

RS(A) - Request to Send (RTS)

RS(B) - Request to Send (RTS)

CS(A) - Clear To Send

CS(B) - Clear To Send

Local Loopback

Remote Loopback

Signal Ground

ST(A) - Send Timing

ST(B) - Send Timing

831022A2.CDR

Figure 3–31: TIMING CONFIGURATION FOR RS422 2 CHANNEL - 3 TERMINAL APPLICATION

Data Module 1 provides timing to the L90 RS422 interface via the ST(A) and ST(B) outputs. Data Module 1 also provides timing to Data Module 2 TT(A) and TT(B) inputs via the ST(A) and AT(B) outputs.

The Data Module Pin Numbers, in the figure above, have been omitted since they may vary depending on the manufacturer.

NOTE

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b) RS422: TRANSMIT TIMING

The RS422 Interface a cc ept s one clock input for Transm it Timing. It is important that the rising edge of t he 6 4 k Hz Transmit Timing clock of the Multiplexer Interface is sampling the data in the center of the Transmit Data window. Therefore, it is important to confirm Clock and Data Transitions to ensure Proper System Operation. For example, the following figure shows the positive edge of the Tx Clock in the center of the Tx Data bit.

Tx Clock

Tx Da ta

Figure 3–32: CLOCK AND DATA TRANSITIONS

c) RS422: RECEIVE TIMING

The RS422 Interface utilizes NRZI-MARK Modulation Code and; therefore, does not rely on an Rx Clock to recapture data. NRZI-MARK is an edge-type, invertible, self-clocking code.

To recover the Rx Clock from the data-stream, an integrated DPLL (Di gital Phas e Lock Loop) ci rcuit is utilize d. The DPLL is driven by an internal clock, which is over-sampled 16X, and uses this clock along with the data-stream to generate a data clock that can be used as the SCC (Serial Communication Controller) receive clock.

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3.3.6 RS422 & FIBER INTERFACE

The following figure shows the combined RS422 plus Fiber interface configuration at 64K baud. The 7L, 7M, 7N, 7P, and 74 modules are used in 2-terminal with a redundant channel or 3-terminal configurations where Channel 1 is employed via the RS422 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and Channel 2 via direct fiber.

AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external RS422 connections and the shield should be grounded only at one end. For the direct fiber channel, power budget issues should be addressed properly.

exceed Maximum

When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not Optical Input Power to the receiver.

WARNING

Tx1 -

Rx1 -

Tx1 +

Rx1 +

Shld.

Tx2

Rx2

com

RS422

CHANNEL 1

FIBER

CHANNEL 2

CLOCK

(CHANNEL1)

SURGE

L907LMNP.CDR P/O 827831A6.CDR

W7L, M, N, P and 74

L90 COMM.

Figure 3–33: RS422 & FIBER INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

3.3.7 G.703 & FIBER INTERFACE

The following figure sh ow s t he c om bi ned G. 703 plus Fiber interfa ce co nfig ura tion at 6 4K baud. The 7E, 7F, 7G, 7Q, and 75 modules are used in 2-te rminal with a redundant c ha nne l or 3 - term in al c onf igu rations where Channe l 1 is employed via the G.703 interface (possibly with a multiplexer) and Channel 2 via direct fiber. AWG 22 twisted shielded pair is recommended for external G.703 conn ectio ns connec ting th e shie ld to Pin # 1A at one end onl y. For the direct fiber channel, power budget issues should be addressed properly. See more details related to G.703 and fiber interfaces in previous sections of this chapter.

When using a LASER Interface, attenuators may be necessary to ensure that you do not exceed Maximum Optical Input Power to the receiver.

WARNING

Shld.

Tx -

Rx -

Tx +

Rx +

Tx2

Rx2

G.703

CHANNEL 1

SURGE

FIBER

CHANNEL 2

W7E, F, G and Q

L90 COMM.

G703.CDR P/O 827831A7.CDR

Figure 3–34: G.703 & FIBER INTERFACE CONFIGURATION

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE

4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE 4.1.1 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

The URPC software provides a graphical user interface (GUI) as one of two human interfaces to a UR device. The alternate human interface is implemented via the device’s faceplate keypad and display (see FACEPLATE INTERFACE section in this chapter).

URPC provides a single facility to configure, monitor, maintain, and trouble-shoot the operation of relay functions, connected over local or wide area communication networks. It can be used while disconnected (i.e. off-line) or connected (i.e. on-line) to a UR device. In off-line mode, settings files can be created for eventual downloading to the device. In on-line mode, you can communicate with the device in real-time.

The URPC software, provided with every L90 relay, can be run from any computer supporting Microsoft Windows® 95, 98, or NT. This chapter provides a summary of the basic URPC software interface features. The URPC Help file provides details for getting started and using the URPC software interface.

4.1.2 CREATING A SITE LIST

To start using the URPC program, a Site List must first be created. See the instructions in the URPC Help program under the topic “Creating a Site List”.

4.1.3 URPC® SOFTWARE OVERVIEW

a) ENGAGING A COMMUNICATING DEVICE

The URPC software m ay be u se d in on-l ine mo de (rela y c onnected) to directl y com mu nic ate w ith a UR rel ay. Communicating relays are organized and grouped by communication interfaces and into sites. Sites may contain any number of relays selected from the UR product series.

b) USING SETTINGS FILES

The URPC software interface supports three ways of handling changes to relay settings:

• In off-line mode (relay disconnected) to create or edit relay settings files for later download to communicating relays.

• While connected to a communicating relay to directly modify any relay settings via relay data view windows, and then save the settings to the relay.

• You can create/edit settings files and then write them to the relay while the interface is connected to the relay.

Settings files are organized on the basis of file names assigned by the user. A settings file contains data pertaining to the following types of relay settings:

• Device Definition

• Product Setup

•System Setup

• FlexLogic™

• Grouped Elements

• Control Elements

• Inputs/Outputs

•Testing

Factory default values are supplied and can be restored after any changes.

c) CREATING / EDITING FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATIONS

You can create or edit a FlexLogic™ equation in order to customize the relay. You can subsequently view the automatically generated logic diagram.

d) VIEWING ACTUAL VALUES

You can view real-time relay data such as input/output status and measured parameters.

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4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

e) VIEWING TRIGGERED EVENTS

While the interface is in either on-line or off-line mode, you can view and analyze data generated by triggered specified parameters, via:

• Event Recorder facility

The event recorder captures contextual data associated with the last 1024 events, listed in chronological order from most recent to oldest.

• Oscillography facility

The oscillography waveform traces and digital states are used to provide a visual display of power system and relay operation data captured during specific tr iggered ev ents.

f) CREATING INTERACTIVE SINGLE LINE DIAGRAMS

The URPC of sites employing UR relays.

g) FILE SUPPORT

• Execution

• Drag an d Drop

software provides an icon-based interface facility for designing and monitoring electrical schematic diagrams

Any URPC file which is double clicked or opened will launch the application, or provide focus to the already opened application. If the file was a settings file (*.urs) which had been removed from the Settings List tree menu, it will be added back to the Settings List tr ee menu.

The Site List an d Se tti ngs L is t c ont rol ba r w in dows a r e eac h mu tua lly a drag source and a drop ta rge t fo r device-ordercode-compatible files or individual menu items. Also, the Settings List control bar window and any Windows Explorer directory folder are each mutually a file drag source and drop target.

New files whic h are drop ped into the Settin gs L is t w i ndo w are added to the tree which is au tom ati ca lly sorted alphabetically with res pec t to se ttin gs file names. Fil es or individual m en u item s whi ch a r e d rop ped in the selec ted d ev ic e m en u in the Site List window will automatically be sent to the on-line communicating device.

h) UR FIRMWARE UPGRADES

The firmware of a UR devi ce can be upgra ded, lo cally or remote ly, via the URPC are provided by the URPC

Modbus addresses assigned to firmware modules, features, settings, and corresponding data items (i.e. default values, min/max values, data type, and item size) may change slightly from version to version of firmware. The

NOTE

addresses are rearranged when new features are added or existing features are enhanced or modified. The “EEPROM DATA ERROR” message displayed after upgrading/downgrading the firmware is a resettable, self-test message intended to inform users that the Modbus addresses have changed with the upgraded firmware. This message does not signal any problems when appearing after firmware upgrades.

Help program under the topic “Upgrading Firmware”.

software. The corresponding instructions

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 URPC® SOFTWARE INTERFACE

4.1.4 URPC® SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW

The URPC software main window supports the following primary display components: a. Title bar which shows the pathname of the active data view b. Main window menu bar c. Main window tool bar d. Site List control bar win dow e. Settings List control bar window f. Device data view window(s), with common tool bar g. Settings File data view window(s), with common tool bar h. Workspace area with data view tabs i. Status bar

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Figure 4–1: URPC SOFTWARE MAIN WINDOW

L90 Line Differential Relay 4-3

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4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4.2.1 FACEPLATE

The keypad/display/LED interface is one of two alternate human interfaces supported. The other alternate human interface is implemented via the URPC software. The UR faceplate interface is available in two configurations: horizontal or vertical. The faceplate interface consists of several functional panels.

The faceplate is hin ged to al low ea sy acc es s to the re mo va ble mod ules. There is also a rem ov abl e du st c ov er tha t fits ov er the faceplate which must be removed in order to access the keypad panel. The following two figures show the horizontal and vertical arrangement of faceplate panels.

STATUS

IN SERVICE TROUBLE TEST MODE TRIP ALARM PICKUP

LED PANEL 1

EVENT CAUSE

VOLTAGE CURRENT FREQUENCY OTHER PHASE A PHASE B PHASE C NEUTRAL/GROUND

USER 1

USER 2

USER 3

RESET

ESCAPE

Figure 4–2: UR HORIZONTAL FACEPLATE PANELS

DISPLAY

DISPLAYLED PANEL 2 LED PANEL 3

HELP

MESSAGE

VALUE

ENTER

+/-

KEYPAD

827830A1.CDR

HELP

ESCAPE

ENTER

STATUS

IN SERVICE TROUBLE TEST MODE TRIP ALARM PICKUP

MESSAGE

VALUE

EVENT CAUSE

VOLTAGE CURRENT FREQUENCY OTHER PHASE A PHASE B PHASE C NEUTRAL/GROUND

+/-

RESET

USER 1

USER 2

USER 3

Figure 4–3: UR VERTICAL FACEPLATE PANELS

4-4 L90 Line Differential Relay

KEYPAD

LED PANEL 3

LED PANEL 2

LED PANEL 1

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.2 LED INDICATORS

a) LED PANEL 1

This panel provides se ver al LE D indic ato rs, sev era l k eys, a nd a co mmun ic ati ons po rt. Th e RESET k ey is us ed to re se t an y latched LED indicator or target message, once the condition has been cleared (these latched conditions can also be reset via the

SETTINGS ÖØ INPUT/OUTPUTS ÖØ RESETTING

RS232 port is intended for connection to a portable PC.

STATUS INDICATORS:

• IN SERVICE: Indicate s that co ntrol po wer is app li ed; all mon itored I/ O a nd intern al syste ms are OK ; the rel ay has bee n programmed.

• TROUBLE: Indicates that the relay has detected an internal problem.

• TEST MODE: Indicates that the relay is in test mode.

• TRIP: Indicates that the selected FlexLogic™ operand serving as a Trip switch has operated. This indicator always latches; the RESET command must be initiated to allow the latch to be reset.

• ALARM: Indicates that the selected FlexLogic™ operand serving as an Alarm switch has operated. This indicator is never latched.

• PICKUP: Indicates that an element is picked up. This indicator is never latched.

EVENT CAUSE INDICATORS:

These indicate the input type that was involved in a condition detected by an element that is operated or has a latched flag waiting to be reset.

• VOLTAGE: Indicat es voltage was i nvolved.

• CURRENT: Indicates current was involved.

• FREQUENCY: Indicates frequency was involved.

• OTHER: Indicates a composite function was involved.

• PHASE A: Indicates Phase A was involved.

• PHASE B: Indicates Phase B was involved.

• PHASE C: Indicates Phase C was involved.

• NEUTRAL/GROUND: Indicates neutral or ground was involved.

menu). The USER keys are used by the Breaker Control feature. The

Figure 4–4: LED PANEL 1

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4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

b) LED PANELS 2 & 3

These panels provide 48 amber LED indicators whose operation is controlled by the user. Support for applying a customized label beside every LED is provided.

User customizat ion of LED ope rati on is of maximum ben efi t in installations wh ere languages other th an Engl is h are used to communicate with operators. Refer to the USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs section in Chapter 5 for the settings used to program the operation of the LEDs on these panels.

Figure 4–5: LED PANELS 2 AND 3 (INDEX TEMPLATE)

c) DEFAULT LABELS FOR LED PANEL 2

SETTINGS IN USE

GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 GROUP 5 GROUP 6 GROUP 7 GROUP 8

BREAKER 1 OPEN CLOSED TROUBLE

BREAKER 2 OPEN CLOSED TROUBLE

SYNCHROCHECK

NO1 IN-SYNCH NO2 IN-SYNCH

RECLOSE ENABLED DISABLED IN PROGRESS LOCKED OUT

Figure 4–6: LED PANEL 2 (DEFAULT LABEL)

The default labels are meant to represent:

• GROUP 1...8: The illuminated GROUP is the active settings group.

• BREAKER n OPEN: The breaker is open.

• BREAKER n CLOSED: The breaker is closed.

• BREAKER n TROUBLE: A problem related to the breaker has been detected.

• SYNCHROCHECK NO n IN-SYNCH: Voltages have satisfied the synchrocheck element.

• RECLOSE ENABLED: The recloser is operational.

• RECLOSE DISABLED: The recloser is not operational.

• RECLOSE IN PROGRESS: A reclose operation is in progress.

• RECLOSE LOCKED OUT: The recloser is not operational and requires a reset. The relay is shipped with the default label for the LED panel 2. The LEDs, however, are not pre-programmed. To match the

pre-printed label, the LED settings must be entered as shown in the USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDs section of the SETTINGS chapt er in the D60 m anual

. The LEDs are fully user-programmable. The default labels can be replaced by user-

printed labels for both LED panels 2 and 3 as explained in the next section.

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.3 CUSTOM LABELING OF LEDs

Custom labeling of an LED-only panel is facilitated by downloading a ‘zip’ file from

http://www.ge.com/indsys/pm/drawings/ur/custmod.zip

This file provides templates and instructions for creating appropriate labeling for the LED panel. The following procedures are contained in the downloadable file. The CorelDRAW panel-templates provide relative LED locations and located example-text (x) edit boxes. The following procedure demonstrates how to install/uninstall the custom panel labeling.

1. Remove the clear LEXAN FRONT COVER (P/N: 1501-0014).

Push in and gently lift up the cover.

2. Pop out the LED MODULE and/or BLANK MODULE with a screwdriver as shown below. Be careful not to damage the plastic.

( LED MODULE ) ( BLANK MODULE )

3. Place the left side of the customized module back to the front panel frame, then snap back the right side.

4. Put the clear LEXAN FRONT COVER back into place.

4.2.4 CUSTOMIZING THE DISPLAY MODULE

The following items are required to customize the UR display module:

• Black and white or color printer (color preferred)

• CorelDRAW version 5.0 or later software

• 1 each of: 8.5 x 11 white paper, exacto knife, ruler, custom display module (P/N: 1516-0069), custom module cover (P/N: 1502-0015)

1. Open the LED panel customization template in CorelDRAW. Add text in places of the Xs on the template(s) with the Edit > Text menu command. Delete the X place holders as required.Setup the print copy by selecting the File > Print menu command and pressing the "Properties" button.

2. On the Page Setup tab, choose Paper Size: "Letter" and Orientation: "Landscape" and press "OK".

3. Click the "Options" button and select the Layout tab .

4. For Position and Size enable the "Center image" and "Maintain aspect ratio" check boxes and press "OK", then "OK" once more to print.

5. From the printout, cut-out the BACKGROUND TEMPLATE from the three windows (use the cropmarks as a guide).

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6. Put the BACKGROUND TEMPLA TE on top of the custom display module (P/N: 1513-0069) and snap the clear cutome module cover (P/N: 1502-0015) over it and the templates.

CUT

CUT OUT

x x

CUT OUT

CUT

x x

Figure 4–7: LED PANEL CUSTOMIZATION TEMPLATES (EXAMPLE)

CUT OUT

BACKGROUND TEMPLATEBACKGROUND TEMPLATE

CUT OUT

BACKGROUND TEMPLATE

CUT

4.2.5 DISPLAY

4.2.6 KEYPAD

HELP

ESCAPE

ENTER

MESSAGE

VAL UE

Figure 4–8: KEYPAD

4-8 L90 Line Differential Relay

+/-

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

4.2.7 BREAKER CONTROL

The L90 can interface with associated circuit breakers. In many cases the application monitors the state of the breaker, which can be presented on faceplate LEDs, along with a breaker trouble indication. Breaker operations can be manually initiated from fac epl ate ke ypad or automatic all y i nit iated from a FlexLo gic ™ operand. A setting i s p rov id ed to assign names to each breaker; this us er-ass igned name i s used for the di splay of re lat ed flash m essag es. The se feat ures are pro vided for two breakers; the user may us e only tho se portio ns of the des ign rele vant to a si ngle brea ke r, which must be bre aker No. 1.

For the following disc ussi on it is assu med the

setting is "Enabled" for each breaker.

TION

SETTINGS ÖØ SYSTEM SETUP ÖØ BREAKERS Ö BREAKER n Ö BREAKER FUNC-

a) CONTROL MODE SELECTION & MONITORING

Installations may require that a breaker is operated in the three-pole only mode (3-Pole), or in the one and three-pole (1Pole) mode, selected by se tting. If the mode is se lecte d as 3-pol e, a singl e input trac ks the br eaker op en or closed po sitio n. If the mode is selected as 1-Pole, all three breaker pole states must be input to the relay. These inputs must be in agreement to indicate the position of the breaker.

For the following discussion it is assumed the

PUSH BUTTON CONTROL

setting is "Enabled" for each breaker..

SETTINGS ÖØ SYSTEM SETUP ÖØ BREAKERS Ö BREAKER n ÖØ BREAKER

b) FACEPLATE PUSHBUTTON (USER KEY) CONTROL

After the 30 minute interval during which command functions are permitted after a correct command password, the user cannot open or close a breaker via the keypad. The following discussions begin from the not-permitted state.

c) CONTROL OF TWO BREAKERS

For the following example setup, the symbol “(Name)” represents the user-programmed variable name.

NOTE

For this application (setup s hown be lo w), the rela y is c onnec ted an d progra mmed for both breake r No. 1 and break er No. 2. The USER 1 key performs the selection of which breaker is to be operated by the USER 2 and USER 3 keys. The USER 2 key is used to manually close the breaker and the USER 3 key is used to manually open the breaker.

ENTER COMMAND PASSWORD

This message appears when the USER 1, USER 2, or USER 3 key is pressed and a

COMMAND PASSWORD

is required; i.e. if

COMMAND PASSWORD

is enabled and no com-

mands have been issued within the last 30 minutes.

Press USER 1

To Select Breaker

BKR1-(Name) SELECTED USER 2=CLS/USER 3=OP

This message appears if the c orrect pa ssw ord is enter ed or if none is requir ed. This message will be maintained for 30 seconds or until the USER 1 key is pressed again.

This message is displayed after the USER 1 key is pressed for the second time. Three possible actions can be performed from this state within 30 seconds as per items (1), (2) and (3) below:

(1)

USER 2 OFF/ON

To Close BKR1-(Name)

If the USER 2 key is pressed, this messag e appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 2 key is pressed again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an output relay to close breaker No. 1.

(2)

USER 3 OFF/ON

To Open BKR1-(Name)

If the USER 3 key is pressed, this messag e appears for 20 seconds. If the USER 3 key is pressed again within that time, a signal is created that can be programmed to operate an output relay to open breaker No. 1.

(3)

BKR2-(Name) SELECTED USER 2=CLS/USER 3=OP

If the USER 1 key is pressed at this step, this message appears showing that a different breaker is selected. Three possible actions can be performed from this state as per (1), (2) and (3). Repeatedly pressing the USER 1 key alternates between available breakers. Pressing keys other than USER 1, 2 or 3 at any time aborts the breaker control function.

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d) CONTROL OF ONE BREAKER

For this applicat ion th e rel ay is connected and programm ed for breaker No. 1 only. Operation for this applicati on is id enti ca l to that described for two breakers.

4.2.8 MENUS

a) NAVIGATION

ACTUAL VALUES SETTINGS COMMANDS

ØØØØ



ACTUAL VALUES

 

STATUS



USER DISPLAYS

when in use

(

User Display 1

b) HIERARCHY

), while sub-header pages are indicated by single scroll bar characters (



SETTINGS

PRODUCT SETUP



)



COMMANDS

 

VIRTUAL INPUTS



TARGETS

No Active

Targets

). The head er displ ay

HIGHEST LEVEL LOWEST LEVEL (SETTING VALUE)



SETTINGS

 

PRODUCT SETUP



SETTINGS

 

SYSTEM SETUP



4-10 L90 Line Differential Relay



PASSWORD

 

SECURITY



ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

c) EXAMPLE NAVIGATION



ACTUAL VALUES



STATUS



SETTINGS



PRODUCT SETUP



SETTINGS



SYSTEM SETUP



PASSWORD



SECURITY

ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted



PASSWORD



SECURITY



DISPLAY



PROPERTIES

FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 1.0 s

DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY: 25%

Press the key until the header for the first Actual Values page appears. This page contains system and relay status information. Repeatedly press the MESSAGE keys to display the other actual value headers.

Press the key until the header f or the fir st page of Settin gs app ears. Th is page contains settings to configure the relay.

Press the MESSAGE key to move to the next Settings page. This page contains settings for system setup. Re peated ly press the MESSAGE keys to display the other setting headers and then back to the first Settings page header.

From the Settings page one header (Product Setup), press the MESSAGE k ey once to display the first sub-header (Password Security).

Press the MESSAGE key once more and this will dis play the f irs t settin g fo r Password Security. Pressing the MESSAGE key repeatedly will display the remaining setting messages for this sub-header.

Press the MESSAGE key once to move back to the first sub-header message.

Pressing the MESSAGE key will display the second setting sub-header associated with the Product Setup header.

Press the MESSAGE key once more and this will display the first setting for Display Properties.

To view the remaining settings associated with the Display Properties subheader, repeatedly press the MESSAGE key. The last message appears as shown.

4.2.9 CHANGING SETTINGS

a) ENTERING NUMERICAL DATA

Each numerical setting has its own minimum, maximum, and increment value associated with it. These parameters define what values are acceptable for a setting.

FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 1.0 s

MINIMUM: 0.5 MAXIMUM: 10.0

Two methods of editing and storing a numerical setting value are available.

• 0 to 9 and (decimal point): The relay numeric keypad wo rks the sam e as th at of any ele ctro ni c ca lculator. A num ber is entered one digit at a time. The leftmost digit is entered first and the rightmost digit is entered last. Pressing the MESSAGE key or pressing the ESCAPE key, returns the original value to the display.

• VALUE : The VALUE ke y increments the displayed valu e by the step va lue, up to the m aximum value allowed. While at the maximum value, pressing the VALUE key again will allow the setting selection to continue upward from the minimum value. The VALUE key decrements the displayed value by the step value, down to the

GE Power Management

For exampl e, s elec t th e

MESSAGE TIME

Press the key to view the minimum and maximum values. Press the key again to view the next context sensitive help message.

setting.

L90 Line Differential Relay 4-11

SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ DISPLAY PROPERTIES Ö FLASH

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4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

minimum value. While at the minimum value, pressing the VALUE key again will allow the setting selection to continue downward from the maximum value.

FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 2.5 s

NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED

b) ENTERING ENUMERATION DATA

Enumeration settings have data values which are part of a set, whose members are explicitly defined by a name. A set is comprised of two or more members.

ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted

Enumeration type val ues are chan ged using the V ALU E keys. The VALUE key displays the next s electi on whil e the VALUE key displays the previous selection.

ACCESS LEVEL: Setting

NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED

As an example, set the flash message time setting to 2.5 seconds. Press the appropriate numeric keys in the sequence "2 . 5". The display message will change as the digits are being entered.

Until the key is pressed, editing changes are not registered by the relay. Therefore, press the key to store the new value in memory. This flash message will momentarily appear as confirmation of the storing process. Numerical values which contain decimal places will be rounded-off if more decimal place digits are entered than specified by the step value.

For example, the selections available for "Setting", and "Factory Service".

If the

ACCESS LEVEL

proper selection is displayed. Press the key at any time for the context sensitive help messages.

Changes are not registered by the relay until the key is pressed. Pressing stores the new value in memory. This flash message momentarily appears as confirmation of the storing process.

needs to be "Setting", press the VALUE keys until the

ACCESS LEVEL

are "Restricted", "Command",

c) ENTERING ALPHANUMERIC TEXT

Text settings have data values which are fixed in length, but user-defined in character. They may be comprised of upper case letters, lower case letters, numerals, and a selection of special characters.

In order to allow the relay to be customized for specific applications, there are several places where text messages may be programmed. One example is the MESSAGE SCRATCHPAD. To enter alphanumeric text messages, the following procedure should be followed:

Example: to enter the text, “Breaker #1”

1. Press to enter text edit mode.

2. Press the VALUE or VALUE key until the character 'B' appears; press to advance the cursor to the next position.

3. Repeat step 2 for the remaining characters: r,e,a,k,e,r, ,#,1.

4. Press to store the text.

5. If you have any problem, press the key to view the context sensitive help. Flash messages will sequentially appear for several se co nds ea ch . Fo r the case of a text se ttin g m es sa ge, the key displays how to edit and store a new value.

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4 HUMAN INTERFACES 4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE

d) ACTIVATING THE RELAY

RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed

When the relay is powered up, the TROUBLE indicator will be on, the IN SERVICE indicator off, and this message displayed. This indicates that the relay is in the "Not Programmed" state and is safeguarding (output relays blocked) against the installation of a relay whose settings have not been entered. This message will remain until the relay is explicitly put in the "Programmed" state.

To change the

RELAY SETTINGS:

1. Press the k ey until the

"Not Programmed" mode to "Programmed", proceed as follows:

SETTINGS

appears on the display.

2. Press the MESSAGE key until the

3. Press the MESSAGE key until the

4. Press the MESSAGE key until the

SETTINGS



SETTINGS



PRODUCT SETUP

 

header flashes momentarily and the

PASSWORD SECURITY

INSTALLATION

RELAY SETTINGS:

message appears on the display.

message appears on the displa y.

Not Programmed message is displayed.

PASSWORD SECURITY

DISPLAY PROPERTIES

COMMUNICATIONS

↓

SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP

message



USER-DEFINABLE



DISPLAYS



5. After the

RELA Y SETTINGS:

INSTALLATION



Not Programmed message appe ars on the di splay, press the V A LUE key or the VALUE

RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed

key to change the selection to "Programmed".

6. Press the key.

RELAY SETTINGS: Not Programmed

RELAY SETTINGS: Programmed

NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED

7. When the "NEW SETTING HAS BEEN STORED" message appears, the relay will be in "Programmed" state and the

IN SERVICE indicator will turn on.

e) ENTERING INITIAL PASSWORDS

To enter the initial SETTING (or COMMAND) PASSWORD, proceed as follows:

1. Press the key until the 'SETTINGS' header flashes momentarily and the ‘SETTINGS PRODUCT SETUP’ mes-

sage appears on the display.

2. Press the MESSAGE key until the ‘ACCESS LEVEL:’ message appears on the display.

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4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE 4 HUMAN INTERFACES

3. Press the MESSAGE key until the ‘CHANGE SETTING (or COMMAND) PASSWORD:’ message appears on the display.

SETTINGS



SETTINGS



PRODUCT SETUP

4. After the 'CHANGE...PASSWORD' message appears on the display , pres s the VALUE key or the VALUE key to

change the selection to Yes.

5. Press the key and the display will prompt you to 'ENTER NEW PASSWORD'.

6. Type in a numerical password (up to 10 characters) and press the key.

7. When the 'VERIFY NEW PASSWORD' is displayed, re-type in the same password and press .

CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No



PASSWORD



SECURITY

ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted

CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD: No

CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No

ENCRYPTED COMMAND PASSWORD: ----------

ENCRYPTED SETTING PASSWORD: ----------

CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: Yes

8. When the 'NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED' message appears, your new SETTING (or COMMAND) PASSWORD will be active.

f) CHANGING EXISTING PASSWORD

To change an existing password, follow the ins truc t i ons in t he pr evious section with th e fo llo w ing exc ep tio n. A m es sag e w il l prompt you to type in the existing password (for each security level) before a new password can be entered.

In the event that a password has been lost (forgotten), submit the corresponding Encrypted Password from the PASSWORD SECURITY menu to the Factory for decoding.

ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ##########

VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ##########

NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED

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5 SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW 5.1.1 SETTINGS MAIN MENU



SETTINGS



PRODUCT SETUP



PASSWORD



SECURITY



DISPLAY



PROPERTIES



COMMUNICATIONS



MODBUS USER MAP



REAL TIME



CLOCK



FAULT REPORT



OSCILLOGRAPHY



DATA LOGGER



DEMAND



USER-PROGRAMMABLE



LEDS



FLEX STATE



PARAMETERS

See page 5-7.

See page 5-8.

See page 5-15.

See page 5-16.

See page 5-18.

See page 5-20.

See page 5-21.



SETTINGS



SYSTEM SETUP



USER-DEFINABLE



DISPLAYS



INSTALLATION



AC INPUTS



POWER SYSTEM



SIGNAL SOURCES



L90 POWER SYSTEM



LINE



BREAKERS



FLEXCURVES



See page 5-21.

See page 5-23.

See page 5-24.

See page 5-25.

See page 5-26.

See page 5-28.

See page 5-30.

See page 5-31.

See page 5-34.

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

SETTINGS



FLEXLOGIC



SETTINGS



GROUPED ELEMENTS



SETTINGS



CONTROL ELEMENTS



FLEXLOGIC



EQUATION EDITOR



FLEXLOGIC



TIMERS



FLEXELEMENTS



SETTING GROUP 1

 



SETTING GROUP 2

 



↓



SETTING GROUP 8

 



SETTING GROUPS

 



SYNCHROCHECK

 



AUTORECLOSE

 



DIGITAL ELEMENTS

 



See page 5-48.

See page 5-53.

See page 5-125.

See page 5-126.

See page 5-130.

See page 5-137.



SETTINGS



INPUTS / OUTPUTS



DIGITAL COUNTERS

 



MONITORING

 

ELEMENTS



PILOT SCHEMES

 



CONTACT INPUTS

 



VIRTUAL INPUTS

 



CONTACT OUTPUTS

 



VIRTUAL OUTPUTS

 



REMOTE DEVICES

 



REMOTE INPUTS

 



REMOTE OUTPUTS

 

DNA BIT PAIRS



See page 5-140.

See page 5-142.

See page 5-148.

See page 5-151.

See page 5-153.

See page 5-154.

See page 5-155.

See page 5-156.

See page 5-157.

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

REMOTE OUTPUTS



UserSt BIT PAIRS



DIRECT



RESETTING



See page 5-157.

See page 5-158.

See page 5-160.



SETTINGS



TRANSDUCER I/O



SETTINGS



TESTING

In the design of UR relays, the term “element” is used to describe a feature that is based around a comparator. The comparator is provided with an inp ut (or se t of inp uts) th at is teste d agai nst a p rogrammed settin g (or gro up of s ettings ) to det ermine if the input is within the defined range that will set the output to logic 1, also referred to as “setting the flag”. A single comparator may make multiple t ests and provide mu ltiple outputs ; for example, th e time overcurre nt comparator se ts a Pickup flag when the current input is above the setting and sets an Operate flag when the input current has been at a level above the pickup setting for the time specified by the time-current curve settings. All comparators, except the Digital Element which uses a logic state as the input, use analog parameter actual values as the input.

Elements are arranged into two classes, GROUPED and CONTROL. Each element classed as a GROUPED element is provided with eight alternate sets of settings, in setting groups numbered 1 through 8. The performance of a GROUPED element is defined by the setting group that is active at a given time. The performance of a CONTROL element is independent of the selected active setting group.

The main characteristics of an element are shown on the element scheme logic diagram. This includes the input(s), settings, fixed logic, and the output operands that are generated (abbreviations used on scheme logic diagrams are defined in Appendix F).

Some settings for current and voltage elements are specified in per-unit (pu) calculated quantities: pu quantity = (actual quantity) / (base quantity)

• For current elements, the ‘base quantity’ is the nominal secondary or primary current of the CT. Where the current

source is the sum of two CTs with different ratios, the ‘base quantity’ will be the common secondary or primary current to which the sum is scaled (i.e. normalized to the larger of the 2 rated CT inputs). For example, if CT1 = 300/ 5 A and CT2 = 100 / 5 A, then in order to sum these, CT2 is scaled to the CT1 ratio. In this case, the ‘base quantity’ will be 5 A secondary or 300 A primary.

• For voltage elements, the ‘base quantity’ is the nominal secondary or primary voltage of the VT. Some settings are common to most elements and are discussed below:

FUNCTION Setting

This setting programs the element to be operational when selected as "Enabled". The factory default is "Disabled". Once programmed to "Enabled", any element associated with the Function becomes active and all options become available.



DCMA INPUTS



RTD INPUTS



TEST MODE FUNCTION:



FORCE CONTACT



INPUTS



FORCE CONTACT



OUTPUTS



CHANNEL TESTS



See page 5-161.

See page 5-162.

See page 5-163.

See page 5-164.

5.1.2 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS

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NAME Setting

This setting is used to uniquely identify the element.

SOURCE Setting

This setting is used to select the parameter or set of parameters to be monitored.

PICKUP Setting

For simple elements, this setting is used to program the level of the measured parameter above or below which the pickup state is established. In more complex elements, a set of settings may be provided to define the range of the measured parameters which will cause the element to pickup.

PICKUP DELAY Setting

This setting sets a time-delay-on-pickup, or on-delay, for the duration between the Pickup and Operate output states.

RESET DELAY Setting

This setting is used to set a time-delay-on-dropout, or off-delay, for the duration between the Operate output state and the return to logic 0 after the input transits outside the defined pickup range.

BLOCK Setting

The default output operand state of all comparators is a logic 0 or “flag not set”. The comparator remains in this default state until a logic 1 is asserted at the RUN input, allowing the test to be performed. If the RUN i nput changes to logic 0 at any time, the comparator returns to the default state. The RUN input is used to supervise the comparator . The BL OCK input is used as one of the inputs to RUN control.

TARGET Setting

This setting is used to define the operation of an element target message. When set to Disabled, no target message or illumination of a faceplate LED indicator is issued upon operation of the element. When set to Self-Reset, the target message

and LED indication follow the Operate state of the element, and self-resets once the operate element condition clears. When set to Latched, the target message and LED indication will remain visible after the element output returns to logic 0 until a RESET command is received by the relay.

EVENTS Setting

This setting is used to c on trol wh eth er the Pick up , D ropo ut or Operate states are recorded by the event recorde r. When set to Disabled, element pickup, dropout or operate are not recorded as events.

When set to Enabled, an event is created for:

• (Element) PKP (pickup)

• (Element) DPO (dropout)

• (Element) OP (operate)

The DPO event is created when the measure and decide comparator output transits from the pickup state (logic 1) to the dropout state (logic 0). This could happen when the element is in the operate state if the reset delay time is not ‘0’.

5.1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES

a) BACKGROUND

The L90 may be used on systems with breaker-and-a-half or ring bus configurations. In these applications, each of the two three-phase sets of individual phase currents (one associated with each breaker) can be used as an input to a breaker failure element. The sum of both breaker phase currents and 3I_0 residual currents may be required for the circuit relaying and metering functions . Fo r a thre e-win di ng tra ns form er a ppl ic atio n, i t ma y be required to calculate watts and vars for each of three wi nding s, usi ng vol tage f rom di ffere nt sets of VTs. All these req uirem ents ca n be sa tisfi ed wit h a sin gle U R rel ay, equipped with sufficient CT and VT input channels, by selecting the parameter to be measured. A mechanism is provided to specify the AC parameter (or group of parameters) used as the input to protection/control comparators and some metering elements.

Selection o f the pa rameter(s ) to be me asured is partial ly perfor med by the design of a measur ing elem ent or pr otection/ control comparator, by identifying the type of parameter (fundamental frequency phasor, harmonic phasor, symmetrical component, total waveform RMS magnitude, phase-phase or phase-ground voltage, etc.) to be measured. The user completes the selecti on pro ces s by s el ect ing th e i ns trum ent transformer input c ha nne ls to be us ed an d s om e of the parameters

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5 SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW

calculated from these channels. The input parameters available include the summation of currents from multiple input channels. For the sum med c urrents of pha se, 3I_ 0 and g round c urrent, current from CTs with different ratios are adjus ted to a single ratio before the summation.

A mechanism called a "Source" configures the routing of input CT and VT channels to measurement sub-systems. Sources, in the context of the UR family of relays, refer to the logical grouping of current and voltage signals such that one Source contains all of the signal s requi red to mea sure the load or fa ult in a pa rticul ar powe r apparat us. A giv en Source may contain all or some of the following signals: three-phase currents, single-phase ground current, three-phase voltages and an auxiliary voltage from a single VT for checking for synchronism.

To illustrate the concept of Sources, as a ppl ied to current inputs onl y, consider the breaker-and-a-half s ch em e a s illustrated in the following figu re. I n th is application, the cu rrent flows as sh ow n b y t he l abe led arrows. Some current flo w s th roug h th e upper bus bar to some other location or power equipment, and some current flows into transformer winding 1. The current into winding 1 of the power transformer is the phasor sum (or difference) of the currents in CT1 and CT2 (whether the sum or difference is used, depends on the relative polarity of the CT connections). The same considerations apply to transformer winding 2. The protection elements need access to the net current for the protection of the transformer, but some elements may need access to the individual currents from CT1 and CT2.

Figure 5–1: BREAKER-AND-A-HALF SCHEME

In conventional analog or electronic relays, the sum of the currents is obtained from an appropriate external connection of all the CTs through which any portion of the cu rren t for the element be in g p r ote ct ed co uld flow. Auxiliary CTs are required to perform ratio matching if the ratios of the primary CTs to be summed are not identical. In the UR platform, provisions have been included for all th e current signals to b e b r ou ght to the U R d ev ic e w h ere gro upi ng , ra tio correction and s um mat ion a re applied internally via configuration settings.

A major advantage of using interna l summ ation is that the i ndivi dual c urrents are avai lable to the pro tectio n devi ce, as additional information to calculate a restraint current, for example, or to allow the provision of additional protection features that operate on the individual currents such as breaker failure.

Given the flexibility of this approach, it becomes necessary to add configuration settings to the platform to allow the user to select which sets of CT inputs will be added to form the net current into the protected device.

The internal grouping of current and voltage signals forms an internal Source. This Source can be given a specific name through the settings, and becomes available to protection and metering elements in the UR platform. Individual names can be given to each Source to help identify them more clearly for later use. For example, in the scheme shown in the BREAKER-AND-A-HALF SCHEME above, the user would configure one Source to be the sum of CT1 and CT2 and could name this Source as 'Wdg 1 Current'.

Once the Sources ha ve bee n con fig ured, th e user has them avail able a s sel ectio ns for t he cho ice o f input signa l f or the p rotection elements and as metered quantities.

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5.1 OVERVIEW 5 SETTINGS

b) CT/VT MODULE CONFIGURATIONS

CT and VT input channels are contained in CT/VT modules in UR products. The type of input channel can be phase/neutral/other voltage, phase/ground current, or sensitive ground current. The CT/VT modules calculate total waveform RMS levels, fundamental frequency phasors, symmetrical components and harmonics for voltage or current, as allowed by the hardware in each channel. These modules may calculate other parameters as directed by the CPU module.

A CT/VT module can contain up to eight input channels numbered 1 through 8. The numbering of channels in a CT/VT module corresponds to the module terminal numbering of 1 through 8 and is arranged as follows; channels 1, 2, 3 and 4 are always provided as a group, hereafter called a "bank," and all four are either current or voltage, as are channels 5, 6, 7 and 8. Channels 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6, 7 are arranged as phase A, B and C respectively. Channels 4 and 8 are either another current or voltage.

Banks are ordered sequentially from the block of lower-numbered channels to the block of higher-numbered channels, and from the CT/VT module with the lowest slot position letter to the module with the highest slot position letter, as follows:

INCREASING SLOT POSITION LETTER

CT/VT MODULE 1 CT/VT MODULE 2 CT/VT MODULE 3

< bank 1 > < bank 3 > < bank 5 > < bank 2 > < bank 4 > < bank 6 >

The UR platform allows for a maximum of three sets of three-phase voltages and six sets of three-phase currents. The result of these restrictions leads t o the maximum number o f C T/VT mo dules in a chassis to three. The maximu m n um ber of Sources is six. A summary of CT/VT module configurations is shown below.

ITEM MAXIMUM NUMBER

CT/VT Module 3

CT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 ground channel) 6 VT Bank (3 phase channels, 1 auxiliary channel) 3

-->

c) CT/VT INPUT CHANNEL CONFIGURATION SETTINGS

Upon startup of the relay, configuration settings for every ba nk o f current or voltag e in put channe ls in the relay are aut omatically generated, as determined from the order code. Within each bank, a channel identification label is automatically assigned to each bank of channels in a given product. The ‘bank’ naming convention is based on the physical location of the channels, required by the user to know how to connect the relay to external circuits. Bank identification consists of the letter designation of the slot in which the CT/VT module is mounted as the first character, followed by numbers indicating the channel, either 1 or 5.

For three-phase channel sets, the number of the lowest numbered channel identifies the set. For example, F1 represents the three-phase channel set of F1/F2/F3, where F is the slot letter and 1 is the first channel of the set of three channels.

Upon startup, th e CP U co nfigures the settin gs req uir ed to c haracterize the c urre nt a nd vo lta ge inputs, and will d is pla y them in the appropriate sectio n in the se que nce of th e banks (as describ ed abov e) as sh own below for a maxim um co nfigura tion:

F1, F5, L1, L5, S1, S5

The above section explains how the input channels are identified and configured to the specific application instrument transformers and the connections of these transformers. The specific parameters to be used by each measuring element and comparator, and some actual values are controlled by selecting a specific Source. The Source is a group of current and voltage input channels selected by the user to facilitate this selection. With this mechanism, a user does not have to make multiple selections of voltage and current for those elements that need both parameters, such as a distance element or a watt calculation. It also gathers associated parameters for display purposes.

The basic idea of arranging a Source is to select a point on the power system where information is of interest. An application example of the grouping of parameters in a Source is a transformer winding, on which a three phase voltage is measured, and the sum of the currents from CTs on each of two breakers is required to measure the winding current flow.

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5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5.2.1 PASSWORD SECURITY

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP Ö PASSWORD SECURITY



PASSWORD



SECURITY

MESSAGE

ACCESS LEVEL: Restricted

CHANGE COMMAND PASSWORD: No

CHANGE SETTING PASSWORD: No

ENCRYPTED COMMAND PASSWORD: ----------

ENCRYPTED SETTING PASSWORD: ----------

Range: Restricted, Command, Setting,

Factory Service (for factory use only)

Range: No, Yes

Range: 0 to 9999999999

Note: ---------- indicates no pass w ord

Range: 0 to 9999999999

Note: ---------- indicates no pass w ord

The L90 provides two user lev els of password securi ty: Comm and an d Setting. Operati ons under pa ssw ord superv ision are as follows:

COMMAND:

• Operating the breakers via faceplate keypad

• Changing the state of virtual inputs

• Clearing the event records

• Clearing the oscillography record s

SETTING:

• Changing any setting. The Command and Setting pas sw o rds are defaulted to "Null" wh en th e rela y is sh ipp ed fro m th e fac tory. When a password

is set to "Null", the password security feature is disabled. Programming a password code is required to enable each access level. A password consists of 1 to 10 numerical charac-

ters. When a

CHANGE ... PASSWORD

setting is set to "Yes", the following message sequence is invoked:

1. ENTER NEW PASSWORD: ____________

2. VERIFY NEW PASSWORD: ____________

3. NEW PASSWORD HAS BEEN STORED To gain write access to a "Restricted" setting, set

ACCESS LEVEL

to "Setting" and then change the setting, or attempt to change the setting and follow the prompt to enter the programmed password. If the password is correctly entered, access will be allowed. If no keys are pressed for longer than 30 minutes or control power is cycled, accessibility will automatically revert to the "Restricted" level.

If an entered password is lost (or forgotten), consult the factory service department with the corresponding

PASSWORD

NOTE

If the

SETTING

password and

commands and settings.

COMMAND

password are set the same, the one password will allow access to

ENCRYPTED

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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

5.2.2 DISPLAY PROPERTIES

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ DISPLAY PROPERTIES



DISPLAY



PROPERTIES

MESSAGE

FLASH MESSAGE TIME: 1.0 s

DEFAULT MESSAGE TIMEOUT: 300 s

DEFAULT MESSAGE INTENSITY: 25 %

Range: 0.5 to 10.0 s in steps of 0.1

Range: 10 to 900 s in steps of 1

Range: 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%

Some relay messaging characteristics can be modified to suit different situations using the display properties settings. Flash messages are status, warning, error, or information messages displayed for several seconds in response to certain

key presses during setting programming. These messages override any normal messages. The time a flash message remains on the di sp lay ca n b e c han ged to ac com m oda te d ifferent reading rate s. I f no keys are pressed for a peri od of time, the relay automatically displays a default message. This time can be modified to ensure messages remain on the screen long enough during programming or reading of actual values.

To extend the life of the phosphor in the vacuum fluorescent display, the brightness can be attenuated when displaying default messages. When interacting with the display using the keypad, the display always operates at full brightness.

5.2.3 COMMUNICATIONS

a) SERIAL PORTS

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS Ö SERIAL PORTS



COMMUNICATIONS



SERIAL PORTS



MESSAGE

RS485 COM1 BAUD RATE: 19200

RS485 COM1 PARITY: None

RS485 COM1 RESPONSE MIN TIME: 0 ms

RS485 COM2 BAUD RATE: 19200

RS485 COM2 PARITY: None

RS485 COM2 RESPONSE MIN TIME: 0 ms

Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600,

38400, 57600, 115200. Only active if CPU 9A is ordered.

Range: None, Odd, Even

Only active if CPU Type 9A is ordered

Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10

Only active if CPU Type 9A is ordered

Range: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800, 33600,

38400, 57600, 115200

Range: None, Odd, Even

Range: 0 to 1000 ms in steps of 10

The L90 is equipped with up to 3 independent serial communication ports. The faceplate RS232 port is intended for local use and has fixed parameters of 19200 baud and no parity. The rear COM1 port type will depend on the CPU ordered: it may be either an Ethernet or an RS485 port. The rear COM2 port is RS485. The RS485 ports have settings for baud rate and parity. It is important that these parameters agree with the settings used on the computer or other equipment that is connected to these ports. Any of these ports may be connected to a personal computer running URPC. This software is used for downloading or uploading setting files, viewing measured parameters, and upgrading the relay firmware to the latest version. A maximum of 32 relays can be daisy-chained and connected to a DCS, PLC or PC using the RS485 ports.

For each RS485 port, the min imu m ti me before the port will transm it a fter re cei ving da ta from a hos t c an b e set. This feature allows operation with hosts which hold the RS485 transmitter active for some time after

NOTE

each transmission.

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5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

WARNING

b) NETWORK

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ NETWORK



COMMUNICATIONS



NETWORK



MESSAGE

IP ADDRESS:

0.0.0.0 SUBNET IP MASK:

0.0.0.0 GATEWAY IP ADDRESS:

0.0.0.0



OSI NETWORK



ADDRESS (NSAP)

ETHERNET OPERATION MODE: Half-Duplex

ETHERNET PRI LINK MONITOR: Disabled

ETHERNET SEC LINK MONITOR: Disabled

Range: Standard IP addres s format

Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

Range: Standard IP addres s format

Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

Range: Standard IP addres s format

Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

Note: Press the MESSAGE Ö key to enter the OSI NETWORK

ADDRESS. Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

Range: Half-Duplex, Full-Duplex

Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

Range: Disabled, Enabled

Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

Range: Disabled, Enabled

Only active if CPU Type 9C or 9D is ordered.

The Network setting messages will appear only if the UR is ordered with an Ethernet card. The Ethernet Primary and Secondary Link Monitor settings allow internal self test targets to be triggered when either the Primary or Secondary ethernet fibre link status indicates a connection loss. The IP addresses are used with DNP/Network, Modbus/TCP, MMS/UCA2, IEC 60870-5-104, TFTP, and HTTP (web server) protocols. The NSAP address is used with the MMS/UCA2 protocol over the OSI (CLNP/TP4) stack only. Each network protocol has a setting for the

TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER

. These sett ings are us ed only in advanced network configurations. They should normally be left at their default values, but may be changed if required; for example, to allow access to multiple URs behind a router. By setting a different TCP/UCP Port Number for a given protocol on each UR, the router can map the URs to the same external IP address. The client software (URPC, for example) must be config ured to use the correct po rt number if these settings are used.

Do not set more than one protocol to use the same TCP/UDP Port Number, as this will result in unreliable operation of those protocols.

When the NSAP address, any TCP/UDP Port Number, or any User Map setting (when used with DNP) is changed, it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (OFF/ON).

NOTE

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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

c) MODBUS PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ MODBUS PROTOCOL



COMMUNICATIONS



MODBUS PROTOCOL



MESSAGE

MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS: 254

MODBUS TCP PORT NUMBER: 502

Range: 1 to 254 in steps of 1

Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

The serial communication ports utilize the Modbus protocol, unless configured for DNP operation (see DNP PROTOCOL below). This allows the URPC program to be used. UR relays operate as Modbus slave devices only. When using Modbus protocol on the RS232 port, the L90 will respond regardless of the

MODBUS SLAVE ADDRESS

programmed. For th e RS485 ports each L90 must have a unique address from 1 to 254. Address 0 is the broadcast address which all Modbus slave devices listen to. Addresses do not have to be sequential, but no two devices can have the same address or conflicts resulting in errors will occur. Generally, each device added to the link should use the next higher address starting at 1. Refer to Appendix B for more information on the Modbus protocol.

d) DNP PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ DNP PROTOCOL



COMMUNICATIONS



MESSAGE



DNP PROTOCOL



DNP PORT: NONE

DNP ADDRESS:

 

DNP TCP/UDP PORT NUMBER: 20000

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE FUNCTION: Disabled

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE TIMEOUT: 5 s

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE MAX RETRIES: 10

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE DEST ADDRESS: 1

USER MAP FOR DNP ANALOGS: Disabled

NUMBER OF SOURCES IN ANALOG LIST: 1

255

DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESSES

Range: NONE, COM1 - RS485, COM2 - RS485, FRONT PANEL -

RS232, NETWORK

Range: 0 to 65519 in steps of 1

Note: Press the MESSAGE Ö key to enter the DNP NETWORK

CLIENT ADDRESSES

Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

Range: Enabled, Disabled

Range: 0 to 60 s in steps of 1

Range: 1 to 255 in steps of 1

Range: 0 to 65519 in steps of 1

Range: Enabled, Disabled

Range: 1 to 6 in steps of 1

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5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

MESSAGE

DNP CURRENT SCALE FACTOR: 1

DNP VOLTAGE SCALE FACTOR: 1

DNP CURRENT SCALE FACTOR: 1

DNP POWER SCALE FACTOR: 1

DNP ENERGY SCALE FACTOR: 1

DNP OTHER SCALE FACTOR: 1

DNP CURRENT DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000

DNP VOLTAGE DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000

DNP POWER DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000

DNP ENERGY DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000

DNP OTHER DEFAULT DEADBAND: 30000

DNP TIME SYNC IIN PERIOD: 1440 min

DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT SIZE: 240

Range: 0.01. 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000

Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

Range: 1 to 10080 min. in steps of 1

Range: 30 to 2048 in steps of 1



MESSAGE

DNP BINARY INPUTS



USER MAP

The L90 supports the Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) version 3.0. The L90 can be used as a DNP slave device connected to a sing le DNP maste r (usua lly ei ther an R TU o r a SC ADA mast er stati on) . Since the L9 0 maintai ns on e set o f DNP data change buffers and connection information, only one DNP master should actively communicate with the L90 at one time. The DNP PORT setting is used to select the communications port assigned to the DNP protocol. DNP can be assigned to a singl e port o nly. Once DNP is assigned to a serial port, th e Modb us pro tocol i s dis abled on that port. N ote th at COM1 can be used only in non-ethernet UR relays. When this setting is set to NETWORK, the DNP protocol can be used over either TCP/IP or UDP/IP. Refer to Appendix E for more information on the DNP protocol.

The

DNP ADDRESS

setting is the DNP slave address. This number identifies the L90 on a DNP communications link. Each

DNP slave should be assigned a unique address. The

DNP NETWORK CLIENT ADDRESS

The

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE FUNCTION

settings can force the L90 to respond to a maximum of five specific DNP masters.

should be set to "Disabled" for RS485 applications since there is no collision avoid-

ance mechanism. The

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE TIMEOUT

The

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE MAX RETRIES

sets the time the L90 waits for a DNP master to confirm an unsolicited response.

setting determines the number of times the L90 will retransmit an unsolicited

response without receiving a confirmation from the master. A value of 255 allows infinite re-tries. The

DNP UNSOL RESPONSE DEST ADDRESS

setting is the DNP address to which all unsolicited responses are sent. The IP address to which unsolicited responses are sent is determined by the L90 from either the current DNP TCP connection or the most recent UDP message.

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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

The

USER MAP FOR DNP ANALOGS

setting allows the large pre-defined Analog Inputs points list to be replaced by the much smaller Modbus User Map. This can be useful for users wishing to read only selected Analog Input points from the L90. See Appendix E for more information

The

NUMBER OF SOURCES IN ANALOG LIST

setting allows the selection of the number of current/voltage source values that are included in the Analog Inputs points list. This allows the list to be customized to contain data for only the sources that are configured. This setting is relevant only when the User Map is not used.

The

DNP SCALE FACTOR

settings are numbers used to scale Analog Input point values. These settings group the L90 Analog Input data into types: current, voltage, power, energy, and other. Each setting represents the scale factor for all Analog Input poin ts of tha t type . Fo r ex ampl e, i f th e

DNP VOLTAG E SCALE FACTOR

setting is set to a value of 1000, all DNP Analog Input points that are voltages will be returned with values 1000 times smaller (e.g. a value of 72000 V on the L90 will be returned as 72). These settings are useful when Analog Input values must be adjusted to fit within certain ranges in DNP masters. Note that a scale factor of 0.1 is equivalent to a multiplier of 10 (i.e. the value will be 10 times larger).

The

DNP DEFAULT DEADBAND

settings are the values used by the L90 to determine when to trigger unsolicited responses containing Analog Input data. These settings group the L90 Analog Input data into types: current, voltage, power, energy, and other . Each se tting repre sents the defa ult deadb and val ue for all Anal og Input poi nts of that ty pe. For exampl e, in order to trigger unsolicited responses from the L90 when any current values change by 15 A, the

setting should be set to 15. Note that these settings are the default values of the deadbands. DNP object 34 points

BAND

DNP CURRENT DEFAULT DEAD-

can be used to change deadband values, from the default, for each individual DNP Analog Input point. Whenever power is removed and re-applied to the L90, the default deadbands will be in effect.

The

DNP TIME SYNC IIN PERIOD

setting determines how often the "Need Time" Internal Indication (IIN) bit is set by the L90.

Changing this time allows the DNP master to send time synchronization commands more or less often, as required. The

DNP MESSAGE FRAGMENT SIZE

setting determines the size, in bytes, at which message fragmentation occurs. Large fragment sizes allow for more efficient throughput; smaller fragment sizes cause more application layer confirmations to be necessary which can provide for more robust data transfer over noisy communication channels.

The

DNP BINARY INPUTS USER MAP

setting allows for the creation of a custom DNP Binary Inputs points list. The default DNP Binary Inputs list on the L90 contain s 928 poi nts repres entin g variou s binary states (contact inpu ts and out put s, virtua l inputs and outputs, protection element states, etc.). If not all of these points are required in the DNP master, a custom Binary Inputs points list can be created by selecting up to 58 blocks of 16 points. Each block represents 16 Binary Input points. Block 1 represents Binary Input points 0 to 15, block 2 represents Binary Input points 16 to 31, block 3 represents Binary Input points 32 to 47, etc. The minimum number of Binary Input points that can be selected is 16 (1 block). If all of the

BIN INPUT BLOCK X

Binary Inputs points list from the

settings are set to "Not Used", the standard list of 928 points will be in effect. The L90 will form the

BIN INPUT BLOCK X

settings up to the first occurrence of a setting value of "Not Used".

When using either of the User Maps for DNP data points (Analog Input s and/or Binary Inputs), for UR relay s with the ethernet option installed, check the "DNP Points Lists" L90 web page to ensure the desired points

NOTE

lists have been created. This web page can be viewed using Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator by entering the L90 IP address to access the L90 "Main Menu", then by selecting the "Device Information Menu", and then selecting the "DNP Points Lists".

e) UCA/MMS PROTCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ UCA/MMS PROTOCOL



COMMUNICATIONS



UCA/MMS PROTOCOL



MESSAGE

DEFAULT GOOSE UPDATE TIME: 60 s

UCA LOGICAL DEVICE: UCADevice

UCA/MMS TCP PORT NUMBER: 102

Range: 1 to 60 s in steps of 1

See UserSt BIT PAIRS in the REMOTE OUTPUTS section.

Range: Up to 16 alphanumeric characters representing the name of

the UCA logical device.

Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

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5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

The L90 supports the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) protocol as specified by the Utility Communication Architecture (UCA). UCA/MM S is su ppo rted ov er two p r oto co l stac ks : TCP/IP o ve r eth erne t an d TP4/ CLN P (O SI) over ethernet. The L90 operates as a UCA/MMS server. Appendix C describes the UCA/MMS protocol implementation in more detail. The REMOTE INPUTS and REMOTE OUTPUT sections of Chapter 5: SETTINGS describes the peer-to-peer GOOSE message scheme.

The UCA LOGICAL DEVICE setting represents the name of the MMS domain (UCA logical device) in which all UCA objects are located.

f) WEB SERVER HTTP PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ WEB SERVER HTTP PROTOCOL



COMMUNICATIONS



WEB SERVER



HTTP PROTOCOL

MESSAGE

HTTP TCP PORT NUMBER: 80

Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

The L90 contains an em bedded web serv er. That is, t he L90 i s capable of trans ferring w eb pag es to a we b browser such a s Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. This feature is available only if the L90 has the et hernet option installed. The web pages are organized as a series of menus that can be accessed starting at the L90 "Main Menu". Web pages are available showing DNP and IEC 60870-5-104 points lists, Modbus registers, Event Records, Fault Reports, etc. The web pages can be accessed by connecting the UR and a computer to an ethernet network. The Main Menu will be displayed in the web browser on the computer simply by entering the IP address of the L90 into the "Address" box on the web browser.

g) TFTP PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ TFTP PROTOCOL



COMMUNICATIONS



TFTP PROTOCOL



MESSAGE

TFTP MAIN UDP PORT NUMBER: 69

TFTP DATA UDP PORT 1 NUMBER: 0

TFTP DATA UDP PORT 2 NUMBER: 0

Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) can be used to transfer files from the UR over a network. The L90 operates as a TFTP server. TFTP client software is available from various sources, including Microsoft Windows NT. The file "dir.txt" is an ASCII text file that can be transferred from the L90. This file contains a list and description of all the files available from the UR (event records, oscillography, etc.).

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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

h) IEC 60870-5-104 PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ IEC 60870-5-104 PROTO C OL



COMMUNICATIONS



IEC 60870-5-104



PROTOCOL

Range: Enabled, Disabled

Range: 1 to 65535 in steps of 1

Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

Range: 1 to 65535 s in steps of 1

Range: 1 to 6 in steps of 1

Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

MESSAGE

IEC 60870-5-104 FUNCTION: Disabled

IEC TCP PORT NUMBER: 2404

IEC COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU: 0

IEC CYCLIC DATA PERIOD: 60 s

NUMBER OF SOURCES IN MMENC1 LIST: 1

IEC CURRENT DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30

IEC VOLTAGE DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000

IEC POWER DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000

IEC ENERGY DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000

IEC OTHER DEFAULT THRESHOLD: 30000

The L90 supports the IEC 60870-5-104 pro t ocol. The L90 can be us ed as an IEC 6 087 0-5 - 104 s lave d ev ic e c on nec ted to a single master (usually either an RTU or a SCADA master station). Since the L90 maintains one set of IEC 60870-5-104 data change buffers, only one m as t er sho ul d ac ti vel y co mm uni cate with the L90 at one time. For si tua tio ns where a second master is active in a "hot standby" configuration, the UR supports a second IEC 60870-5-104 connection providing the standby master sends only IEC 60870-5-104 Test Frame Activation messages for as long as the primary master is active.

The

NUMBER OF SOURCES IN MMENC1 LIST

setting allows the selection of the number of current/voltage source values that are included in the M_ME_NC_1 (Measured value, short floating point) Analog points list. This allows the list to be customized to contain data for only the sources that are configured.

The

IEC ------- DEFAULT THRESHOLD

settings are the values used by the UR to determine when to trigger spontaneous responses containing M_ME_NC_1 analog data. These settings group the UR analog data into types: current, voltage, power, energy, and other. Each setting represents the default threshold value for all M_ME_NC_1 analog points of that type. For example, in order to trigger spontaneous responses from the UR when any current values change by 15 A, the

IEC CURRENT DEFAULT THRESHOLD

setting should be set to 15. Note that these settings are the default values of the deadbands. P_ME_NC_1 (Pa ram ete r of m eas ure d v alu e, s hort floating point val ue ) points can be used to change threshold va lues, from the default, for each i ndivi dual M_ ME_N C_1 anal og poin t. Whenev er pow er is remov ed and re -applie d to the U R, the default thresholds will be in effect.

The IEC 60870-5-104 and DNP protocols can not be used at the same time. When the IEC 60870-5-104 FUNCTION setting is set to Enab led, the DNP protoc ol wil l no t be op erati onal . Wh en this se tting is change d

NOTE

it will not become active until power to the relay has been cycled (OFF/ON).

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5 SETTINGS 5.2 PRODUCT SETUP

5.2.4 MODBUS® USER MAP

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ MODBUS USER MAP



MODBUS USER MAP



MESSAGE

ADDRESS 1: 0 VALUE: 0

↓ ↓

ADDRESS 256: 0 VALUE: 0

Range: 0 to 65535 in steps of 1

The Modbus® User Map provides up to 256 registers with read only access. To obtain a value for a memory map address, enter the desired location in the

ADDRESS

ing value from the is displayed in the values for the previous

ADDRESS

lines incremented by “1”. An address value of “0” in the initial register means “none” and

line (the value must be converted from hex to decimal format). The correspond-

line. A value of “0” in subsequent register

VALUE

ADDRESS

lines automatically return

values of “0” will be displayed for all registers. Different

ADDRESS

values can be entered as required in any of the register positions.

These settings can also be used with the DNP protocol. See the DNP ANALOG INPUT POINTS section in Appendix E for details.

NOTE

5.2.5 REAL TIME CLOCK

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ REAL TIME CLOCK



REAL TIME



CLOCK

IRIG-B SIGNAL TYPE: None

Range: None, DC Shift, Amplitude Modulated

The date and time for the relay clock can be synchronized to other relays using an IRIG-B signal. It has the same accuracy as an electronic watch, approximately ±1 minute per month.

An IRIG-B signal may be connected to the relay to synchronize the clock to a known time base and to other relays. If an IRIG-B signal is used, only the current year needs to be entered.

FAULT REPORT



MESSAGE

FAULT REPORT SOURCE: SRC 1

FAULT REPORT TRIG: Off

Range: SRC 1, SRC 2,..., SRC 6

Range: FlexLogic™ operand

The fault report stores data, in non-volatile memory, pertinent to an event when triggered. The captured data will include:

• Name of the relay, programmed by the user

• Date and time of trigger

• Name of trigger (specific operand)

• Active setting group

• Pre-fault current and voltage phasors (one-quarter cycle before the trigger)

• Fault current and voltage phasors (three-quarter cycle after the trigger)

• Target Messages that are set at the time of triggering

• Events (9 before trigger and 7 after trigger) The captured data also includes the fault type and the distance to the fault location, as well as the reclose shot number.

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5.2 PRODUCT SETUP 5 SETTINGS

The trigger can be any FlexLogic™ operand, but in most applications it is expected to be the same operand, usually a virtual output, that is used to drive an output relay to trip a breaker. To prevent the over-writing of fault events, the disturbance detector should not be used to trigger a fault report.

If a number of protection elements are ORed to create a fault report trigger, the first operation of any element causing the OR gate output to become hi gh trigg ers a faul t report. How eve r, If other elements operate during th e fault a nd the firs t operated element has not been reset (the OR gate output is still high), the fault report is not triggered again. Considering the reset time of protection elements, there is very little chance that fault report can be triggered twice in this manner. As the fault report must capture a usable amount of pre and post-fault data, it can not be triggered faster than every 20 ms.

Each fault report is st ored as a f ile ; the relay capacity i s te n files. An elevent h tri gge r ov erw ri tes the ol des t fi le. The operand selected as the fault report trigg er autom atical ly trigg ers an os cillo graphy reco rd whic h can al so be trig gered ind epend ently.

URPC is required to v ie w a ll c aptu r ed d ata. Th e relay faceplate di sp lay c an b e us ed to v iew th e date and time of t rigg er, the fault type, the distance location of the fault, and the reclose shot number

The

FAULT REPORT SOURCE

REPORT TRIG

setting assigns the FlexLogic™ operand representing the protection element/elements requiring operational

setting selects the So urce fo r input c urrents and v oltage s and d isturb ance d etecti on. The

fault location calculations. The distance to fault calculations are initiated by this signal. See also

SETTINGS Ø SYSTEM SETUP ÖØ LINE

FAULT REPORTS

menu.

menu for specifying line characteristics and the

ACTUAL VALUES Ø RECORDS

5.2.7 OSCILLOGRAPHY

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ OSCILLOGRAPHY



OSCILLOGRAPHY



NUMBER OF RECORDS:

Range: 1 to 64 in steps of 1

15 TRIGGER MODE:

Range: Automatic Overwrite, Protected

Automatic Overwrite TRIGGER POSITION:

Range: 0 to 100 in steps of 1

50% TRIGGER SOURCE:

Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off AC INPUT WAVEFORMS:

Range: Off; 8, 16, 32, 64 samples/cycle

16 samples/cycle



DIGITAL CHANNELS



DIGITAL CHANNEL 2:

Range: 2 to 63 channels

Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off

↓

DIGITAL CHANNEL 63:

Range: FlexLogic™ operand

Off



ANALOG CHANNELS



ANALOG CHANNEL 1:

Range: 1 to 16 channels

Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter

Off

↓

ANALOG CHANNEL 16:

Range: Off, any analog Actual Value parameter

Off

FAULT

5-16 L90 Line Differential Relay

GE Power Management

GE UR Series, L90 Instruction Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

ADDENDUM

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVALS

MODULE FUNCTION TERMINALS DIELECTRIC STRENGTH

IRIG-B

SETTINGS

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP Ö PASSWORD SECURITY

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ DISPLAY PROPERTIES

COMMUNICATIONS

SERIAL PORTS

NETWORK

MODBUS PROTOCOL

DNP PROTOCOL

UCA/MMS PROTOCOL

HTTP PROTOCOL

TFTP PROTOCOL

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ COMMUNICATIONS ÖØ IEC 60870-5-104 PROTO C OL

MODBUS USER MAP

PATH: SETTINGS Ö PRODUCT SETUP ÖØ REAL TIME CLOCK

FAULT REPORT

OSCILLOGRAPHY