Garmin GPS 95STD User Manual

GPS 95 STD

PERSONAL NAVIGATOR

OWNER'S MANUAL

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GPS 95 STD

Personal Navigator

OWNER'S MANUAL

in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN.

Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements.

July, 1993 190-00054-00 Rev. A

PREFACE

GARMIN thanks you for selecting our high performance, full featured Personal NavigatorTM. The GPS 95 represents our continued commitment to provide you with a portable navigation unit that is versatile, extremely accurate, and easy to use. We are confident you will enjoy using your unit for many years to come.

The GPS 95's rugged construction and quality components offer the reliability demanded by the harshest operating environments. It may be used in aircraft, marine vessels and land vehicles, as well as by hunters, hikers, and military forces. The unit may be operated portably using its own battery pack, or it may use a 5-40 volt DC external power source for fixed mounted applications. You can even use a 115- or 230-volt AC adaptor for planning trips at home.

This manual and accompanying quick reference card provide complete information on safely operating the GPS 95 to its full potential. A sample trip has been planned for you to practice your navigation skills using the built-in simulator. Afterwards, try a trip of your own to realize the value of the GPS 95 as your Personal NavigatorTM. If you have any questions or comments, our Product Support Department is eager to serve you. GARMIN is fully committed to your satisfaction as a customer.

GARMIN International, Inc. 9875 Widmer Road Lenexa, KS 66215 1-800-800-1020 (913) 599-1515

CAUTION

The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is under development and is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 95 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted, and therefore become unsafe. Use the GPS 95 at your own risk. To reduce the risk, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owner's Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS 95 to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.

NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

1 INTRODUCING THE GARMIN GPS 95 1-1

1.1 Capabilities 1-1

1.2 Basic Package 1-2

1.3 Optional Accessories 1-3

1.4 Operational Modes 1-4

2 GETTING STARTED 2-1

2.1 Front Panel 2-1

2.2 Softkey Operation 2-1

2.3 Cursor and Fields 2-2

2.4 Keypad Operation 2-2

2.5 Entering Data 2-4

2.6 Viewing Messages 2-5

2.7 Turning the GPS 95 On 2-5

2.8 Turning the GPS 95 Off 2-7

2.9 Learning to Use the GPS 95 2-7

3 WAYPOINTS 3-1

3.1 Waypoint Definition Page 3-2

3.2 Creating Waypoints 3-3

3.3 Waypoint List 3-5

3.4 Using Waypoints 3-6

3.5 Reviewing Waypoints 3-7

3.6 Proximity Alarm Waypoints 3-8

3.7 Nearest Waypoints 3-9

4 GETTING THERE FAST - GOTO 4-1 5 NAVIGATION INFORMATION 5-1

5.1 Navigation Summary Page 5-1

5.2 Map Display 5-3

iii

5.3 Map Configuration 5-5

5.4 Present Position 5-6

5.5 Sample Trip 5-7

6 ROUTES 6-1

6.1 Route Definition 6-2

6.2 Creating and Copying Routes 6-3

6.3 Activating and Inverting Routes 6-4

6.4 Editing Routes 6-4

6.5 Deleting Routes 6-5

6.6 Active Route 6-5

6.7 Route List 6-6

7 AUTOSTORE

7.1 Creating Waypoints with Autostore

7.2 Building Routes with Autostore

7-1 7-1

7-2

8 GPS STATUS AND AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS 8-1

8.1 Bar Graph Display 8-2

8.2 Satellite Status Page 8-3

8.3 Satellite Skyview Page 8-4

8.4 Auxiliary Menu 8-4

8.5 Operating Mode/Filters 8-4

8.6 Track Log Setup 8-5

8.7 Units/Heading Setup 8-7

8.8 Alarms/CDI Setup 8-8

8.9 Date/Time 8-10

8.10 Audio and Display Setup 8-11

8.11 Interface Setup 8-12

8.12 Map Datum Selection 8-14

8.13 Messages 8-15

8.14 Density Altitude/True Airspeed/Winds Loft 8-15

8.15 Sunrise/Sunset Planning 8-16

8.16 Trip and Fuel Planning 8-17

8.17 Vertical Navigation Planning 8-18

9 SAMPLE TRIP USING ROUTES 9-1

APPENDICES

A MESSAGES A-1 B GLOSSARY AND NAVIGATION TERMS B-1

B.1 Definitions B-1 B.2 Course To Steer (CTS) B-3

C INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE C-1

C.1 Specifications C-1 C.2 Electrical Wiring C-3 C.3 Yoke Mount Installation C-4 C.4 Yoke Mount Operation C-6 C.5 Portable Antenna Installation C-8 C.6 Battery Pack Operation C-8 C.7 Maintenance C-10 C.8 Product Support C-10

D MAP DATUMS D-1 E UTC TIME TO LOCAL TIME OFFSET E-1 F INDEX F-1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCING THE GARMIN GPS 95

1.1 CAPABILITIES

The GPS 95 provides a host of powerful capabilities which were previously found only in much larger systems:

· Performance: MultiTracTM receiver tracks and uses up to eight satellites with high sensitivity, fast first fix, and continuous navigation updates.

· Portability: Goes anywhere - air, sea or land. Built-in simulator for trip planning or practicing navigation skills anywhere.

· Ease of Use: Graphic screens and intuitive guidance from the display offer ease of operation.

· Navigation: Stores 500 alphanumeric user waypoints; 20 reversible routes of 30 waypoints each. GOTO function sets instantaneous course to waypoint of your choice. AutoStoreTM function builds routes as you go. A flashing message annunciator keeps you fully informed of your navigation status.

· Personalized: Customize your unit by selecting distance and speed units, Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) sensitivity, keypad and display features, map datums, and interface options.

· Low Power Consumption: Battery Saver operation draws less than

1.5 watts; provides up to four hours of continuous operation with the AA battery pack.

· Trip Planning: Analyze distance, time, and fuel requirements for your trip. Compute time of sunrise/sunset at your destination. Calculate density altitude before you take off and true airspeed as you fly. Vertical navigation guides you to your cruising altitude and puts you in the traffic pattern before landing.

· Alarms: An alarm clock and timer allow the GPS 95 to watch the clock for you. Arrival and CDI alerts help you safely navigate your aircraft.

· Interfaces: Interface with PC-based moving map programs using NMEA 0183 output, with Differential GPS (DGPS) receivers using RTCM (SC-104 version 2.0) input, or with marine autopilots and

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graphic plotters using NMEA 0180/0182/0183 outputs. An optional PC kit is also available to download user waypoints and routes to your PC for permanent record.

We encourage you to read this manual and experiment using the built-in simulator. This will help you quickly master the many features of the GPS 95.

1.2 BASIC PACKAGE

Your GARMIN GPS 95 basic package includes:

· GPS 95 Unit

· AA Battery Pack

· Detachable Antenna

· Remote Antenna Cable w/Suction Cup Mount

· Yoke Mount

· Surface Mount

· Carrying Case

· Self-coiling Power/Data Cable

· Cigarette Lighter Adaptor

· Permanent Installation Wire Harness

· Lanyard

· Battery Terminal Cover

· Owner's Manual

· Quick Reference Card

· Warranty Card

The basic package allows you to use your GPS 95 for both portable and fixed operations. The unit may be operated from the AA battery pack, or from an external power source (5-40VDC) using the cigarette lighter adapter or permanent installation wire harness.

Handheld Operation:

For handheld operation, the GPS 95 is powered by a AA battery pack which should be filled with four high quality alkaline batteries commonly found in retail stores. The detachable antenna is placed directly on the right side of the unit. The carrying case will protect your GPS 95 when the unit is not is use.

In order to track GPS satellites, the unit must be situated with the antenna pointed straight up and should not be blocked by objects or people. (Signal reception through thin fabric, such as canvas, may be adequate but degraded.)

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When using the GPS 95 inside the cockpit it may be desirable to use the remote antenna cable for better satellite visibility. The detachable antenna is removed from the GPS 95 and replaced by one end of the remote antenna cable. The antenna is then placed on the other end of the cable and, using the suction cup mount, is situated where the best satellite visibility is possible. You may need to experiment to determine the best location for the antenna. (See Appendix C for removal of the detachable antenna.)

A lanyard is provided to prevent accidental dropping of your GPS 95. Connect the lanyard to the eyelet on the back (at the top) of the unit

Fixed Mount Operation:

A surface mount is supplied for panel mount installation. The lower half of the surface mount is also used with the yoke mount. (See Appendix C for instructions on yoke mount installation.) The unit may be operated using aircraft power through the cigarette lighter adaptor or the permanent installation wire harness. Note that there are three cable assemblies (not counting the remote antenna cable). The self-coiling power/data cable plugs directly into the back of the GPS 95. The other end of the self-coiling power/ data cable plugs into either the cigarette lighter adapter or the permanent installation wire harness, according to your needs or preferences.

While using aircraft power, you may wish to leave the battery pack on the unit. In the event of aircraft power failure, the GPS 95 will automatically switch to battery power. If you do not desire to leave the battery pack on the unit, a battery terminal cover is supplied to protect the battery contacts. Remove the battery pack from the GPS 95 and slide the battery terminal cover on in its place. (See Appendix C for removal of the battery pack.)

In addition to supplying power to the unit, the permanent installation wire harness allows you to interface your GPS 95 with a PC-compatible computer or an ARGUSTM unit. When connected to a PC-compatible computer, the GPS 95 will provide navigation information for many of the of the popular moving map programs. (See Appendix C for connection of the GPS 95 to other devices.)

1.3 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

The following optional accessories are available for your specific needs:

· Rechargeable NiCad Battery Kit

· PC Software Kit

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Rechargeable NiCad Battery Kit:

A rechargeable NiCad battery kit is available for use with the GPS 95. This kit includes a rechargeable NiCad battery, an AC adaptor and a drop-in charger base. Using the drop-in charger base, the NiCad battery is charged in 12-14 hours (not to exceed 24 hours). The rechargeable NiCad battery kit allows you to use the GPS 95 portably for extended periods.

PC Software Kit:

The PC Software Kit allows you to download route, waypoint and track data from the GPS 95 to your PC-compatible computer. You may also edit this data and upload it back into the GPS 95. With the software kit you can plot data files and/or display current position in real-time on a grid map. Data files can be printed for future reference. For planning purposes, the software kit provides animated satellite orbit displays and allows you to print a satellite visibility chart. The software kit includes both 3.5" and 5.25" diskettes, an instruction manual and a PC interface cable.

1.4 OPERATIONAL MODES

While using your GPS 95, you may select from one of three operational modes: Normal or Battery Saver modes for actual navigation, or Simulator mode for practicing/trip planning. In Normal and Battery Saver modes, typical time to first fix is less than 2.5 minutes. (If you have used your unit within the hour, it may take as little as 15 seconds.) In Simulator mode the GPS 95 will not acquire satellites, but will display a position based on the last known location or any other position that you designate.

Normal mode offers continuous navigation updates and should be selected when the GPS 95 will be used in a high dynamics environment (i.e., frequent speed and heading changes). The GPS 95 will typically operate up to two hours using the AA battery pack, or up to five hours using the optional NiCad battery pack.

Battery Saver mode, suitable for most applications, offers position updates that adapt to your needs while extending battery life. The GPS 95 will typically operate up to four hours using the AA battery pack, or up to eight hours using the optional NiCad battery pack.

Simulator mode allows you to simulate the operation of the GPS 95 while at home or in your office. The simulator mode can be selected while learning to use your GPS 95 and is ideal for planning routes and entering waypoints. Keep in mind that the GPS 95 is not tracking satellites in the simulator mode. YOU SHOULD NEVER ATTEMPT TO USE THE SIMULATOR MODE FOR ACTUAL NAVIGATION.

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2.1 FRONT PANEL

Page Options

CHAPTER 2

GETTING STARTED

Page Annunciator

Softkeys

Message Annunciator

PWR STAT

AUTO

STO

CLR

ABC

JKL

STU

DEF

MNO

VWX

GHI

NAV

PQR

WPT

RTE

ENT

TINA STINKS

The front panel consists of a 20-key keypad with a 85 x 64-pixel LCD display. Both the display and keypad may be illuminated for nighttime operation.

2.2 SOFTKEY OPERATION

Information displayed on the LCD is commonly referred to as a “page.” The GPS 95 works with softkey operation. At the bottom of the screen is a list of page options. To select a different page, press the appropriate softkey below the desired option. Please note that the page options must be highlighted in order to use the softkeys. On the bottom line, extreme right, is the page annunciator which indicates the current page you are viewing.

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2.3 CURSOR AND FIELDS

Cyclic Field

Confirmation Field

Bar Field

The area of the page which is highlighted in reverse video is called the cursor. The cursor may be moved to locations on the page called fields which allow you to enter data or change options. You will encounter five types of fields.

· Numeric fields accept numbers only.

· Alphanumeric fields accept numbers as well as letters.

· Cyclic fields allow selection from several available options. A cyclic field is preceded by a prompt ( ). You may cycle through the choices by pushing CLR.

· Confirmation fields allow you to indicate your approval. For example, you will be asked to confirm that you want to delete a waypoint. Confirmation fields always end with a “?” character. Press ENT to approve the confirmation field.

· Bar fields allow an adjustable scale entry with the length of the bar representing the minimum to maximum setting. Use the arrow keys to make adjustments in bar fields.

2.4 KEYPAD OPERATION

The PWR/STAT key is a dual function key that controls unit power

PWR

STAT

and system status. Pressing this when the unit is off will turn the unit on. To turn the unit off, press and hold PWR/STAT until the display is blank.

Pressing PWR/STAT momentarily while the unit is on will take you to the status pages. (See Chapter 8.) If the message annunciator is flashing and the tone sounds, you may push PWR/STAT to view the message.

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Pressing GOTO allows you to instantly define a destination

waypoint and plot a course from present position to that destination. (See Chapter 4.)

AUTO

STO

NAV

WPT

RTE

Pressing AUTOSTOre allows you to capture your present position instantaneously. (See Chapter 7.)

Pressing NAV allows you to view position and navigation information as well as the Map Display. (See Chapter 5.)

The WPT key allows you to create, edit, delete, and rename user waypoints. The WPT key also allows you to view nearest waypoints or define proximity waypoints. (See Chapter 3.)

The RTE key allows you to create, edit, review, activate, and delete routes. (See Chapter 6.)

Pressing either of the arrow keys allows you to move the cursor, scroll through information lists, and enter letters of the alphabet.

The alphanumeric keys allow you to enter letters and numbers. Use the arrow keys to select the desired letter or number from a given alphanumeric key.

Pressing this key while the cursor is not on a numeric or alphanumeric field allows you to change the backlight level. There are two backlighting levels. On an alphanumeric field, pressing this key allows you to enter a blank space or a zero.

CLR

ENT

Pressing CLR erases information in the cursor field. If the cursor is over a cyclic field, pressing CLR will toggle through several available options.

Pressing ENT confirms an entry or selection.

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2.5 ENTERING DATA

You may enter data such as waypoint identifiers and user waypoint coordinates on certain pages. To enter data you must first move the cursor to the desired field by pressing the right or left arrow key. A data entry operation is completed by pressing the ENT key. If an error is made during the data entry process, press the CLR key to remove the erroneous character.

To enter a number...

· Press the key that is labeled with the desired number. The numbers will fill in from the right side of the field and move to the left as each new number is entered. For example, if you wish to enter “51” in a three space field, you must press the 5 and 1 keys in that order. You do not have to enter a leading zero. (Note: When entering numbers in an alphanumeric field press the key that is labeled with the desired number, then press the right or left arrow key twice.)

· Press CLR if you enter an incorrect number.

· Press ENT when you have filled all significant digits of the field with numbers.

To enter a letter...

· Press the key that is labeled with the desired letter.

· Press the right or left arrow key until the desired letter is displayed.

· Press CLR if you enter an incorrect letter.

· Press ENT when all the characters are entered.

The GPS 95 features a keypad feedback tone which will sound each time you press a key. If you enter data which is not appropriate for the field, the feedback tone will quickly sound three times indicating an error. The keypad feedback tone can be turned off if you wish. (See Section 8.10.)

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2.6 VIEWING MESSAGES

From time to time, the GPS 95 will use a message to tell you of conditions needing attention. When the GPS 95 has a new message, the MSG annunciator will flash. When this occurs, press PWR/STAT to view the new message(s). Press PWR/STAT again to see the page you were viewing prior to reading the message. (See Appendix A for a complete list of GPS 95 messages.)

While the MSG annunciator is flashing, the GPS 95 will also generate a tone to alert you of the message. (If your unit is connected to an external alarm, it will also be activated.) Messages that demand immediate attention such as an arrival alarm generate a quick tone that will not stop until you view the message. All other messages generate a slow tone that will cease after 15 seconds. The message tone may be turned off if you wish. (See Section

8.10.) Important messages will remain on the Message Page after being viewed.

If this occurs, the MSG annunciator will be in view but will not flash. (If no messages exist, the MSG annunciator will not be visible.) To review these messages, press PWR/STAT to reveal the status menu options. Then press the key underneath the “AUX” page option. With the arrow keys, highlight “Messages” and press ENT.

2.7 TURNING THE GPS 95 ON

When the GPS 95 is turned on it will automatically perform internal checks to ensure proper operation, begin acquiring satellites, and once a sufficient number are received, display your present position. To see this power on sequence, take the GPS 95 outside to a location that is well away from buildings and other structures that might limit its view of the sky.

After you turn your GPS 95 on, it will conduct a series of self tests and display the following notice:

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Following completion of the tests, the Satellite Bar Graph Page will be displayed and the GPS 95 will begin acquiring satellites.

After a position is found (and if no keys have been pressed), the Position Page will be displayed and the unit is ready for normal operation. The process of satellite acquisition is fully automatic and, under normal circumstances, will take approximately 2-3 minutes to obtain

navigation information. (If the unit has been used in the past hour, it may take as little as 15 seconds.) If the GPS 95 has been moved a considerable distance since it was last used, additional time may be required as the unit performs an AutoLocateTM . AutoLocate

will automatically locate satellites and compute your position regardless of your location or where the unit was last used.

When four or more satellites with good geometry are available, the GPS 95 will automatically operate in the 3D mode in which latitude, longitude and altitude are computed. If only three satellites are available, the unit will operate in 2D mode in which only latitude and longitude are computed. When operating in the 2D mode, the unit will use the last computed altitude or your last entered altitude. (Section 5.4 describes how you may enter the altitude.)

Your GPS 95 will automatically update satellite orbital data as it operates. If you have not operated your unit for a period of six months or longer, it will take approximately 15 minutes to search the sky and collect new orbital data. You will be informed when your unit is searching the sky with the message “Searching the Sky.” Once satellite orbital data is collected, it will be stored in memory. The memory is maintained by an internal battery, therefore the data will not be lost when you turn your GPS 95 off or remove the battery pack.

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If the GPS 95 cannot acquire enough satellites for 2D or 3D navigation, you will be informed with the message “Poor GPS coverage”. If this situation occurs, make sure the antenna is properly connected and not obstructed by nearby buildings or other structures.

2.8 TURNING THE GPS 95 OFF

To turn the GPS 95 off, press and hold

the PWR/STAT key.

The Off Page will be displayed, the GPS

95 will perform a countdown and, after a

brief delay, will shut off. All user

waypoints, routes, and setup information

that you have entered will be maintained

while the unit is off - even if the battery

pack is removed.

2.9 LEARNING TO USE THE GPS 95

If you are using the GPS 95 for the first time, you are encouraged to read Chapter 3 which introduces the GPS 95's waypoint features, Chapter 4 on the use of the GOTO key, and Chapter 5 for navigating to a waypoint. A sample trip is included in Chapter 5 to get you started on the use of the GOTO key and the various navigation pages available on your GPS 95. You may also want to read Chapter 8 on custom setups to configure the GPS 95 to your preferences. Afterward, you may want to read through the rest of this manual and make further use of the built-in simulator to practice with the advanced features.

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CHAPTER 3

WAYPOINTS

The GPS 95 allows you to store up to 500 user waypoints. A basic waypoint consists of an identifier (up to six letters and/or numbers) and its location. You will have the opportunity to use waypoints extensively while operating the GPS 95. For example, you can build a route using waypoints, you can perform trip/fuel planning using waypoints, and you can even calculate the time of sunrise and sunset for a waypoint of interest.

The GPS 95 features four primary waypoint pages. You may select the desired page by pressing WPT and, if needed, the appropriate softkey.

WPT

Nearest Waypoint Page Waypoint Definition Page

Proximity Waypoint Page

Waypoint List Page

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3.1 WAYPOINT DEFINITION PAGE

The Waypoint Definition Page allows you to create, edit and review waypoint information.

This page displays the following waypoint information:

1) Waypoint identifier

2) Location (latitude/longitude or grid system)

3) Reference waypoint identifier

4) Bearing from reference waypoint to selected waypoint

5) Distance from reference waypoint to selected waypoint

6) User comments

Waypoints are selected by the identifier that you assign.

To select a waypoint...

· Press WPT and, if needed, the WPT softkey to display the Waypoint Definition Page.

· Press the right arrow key to move the cursor to the right of “WPT”.

· Enter the identifier of the desired waypoint using the alphanumeric and arrow keys. Press ENT. The information for the selected waypoint is displayed.

You may select a reference waypoint by moving the cursor to the reference waypoint identifier field and entering the desired waypoint identifier.

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3.2 CREATING WAYPOINTS

When a waypoint identifier has been entered that does not exist in memory the GPS 95 will assume you wish to create a new waypoint. You may create a new waypoint using one of two methods: direct position entry (latitude/ longitude or grid system) or relative to an existing waypoint.

In order to create a waypoint by direct position entry the coordinates for the new waypoint must be known and entered directly into the unit.

To enter the waypoint position directly...

· With the Waypoint Definition Page displayed, press the right arrow key until the cursor is over the waypoint identifier field.

· Enter the identifier of the new waypoint using the alphanumeric and arrow keys. Press ENT when complete. The cursor will move to the position coordinates.

· Enter the position of the new waypoint. Press ENT after data is entered into each field. The number of fields required for position entry will depend on the position coordinate option selected. (See Section 8.7.) If latitude and longitude coordinates are selected there will be four fields if decimal degrees are used - two to define the hemispheres (“N” or “S”, “E” or “W”) and two to enter the latitude and longitude degrees. If latitude and longitude coordinates are selected with degrees, minutes and decimal seconds, there will be eight data entry fields to define the position since degrees, minutes and seconds are each divided into their own field. If a grid system is selected it will have a different number of fields depending on the format of the selected grid.

A new waypoint can be defined relative to another waypoint already contained within the GPS 95's memory. When creating a new waypoint relative to an existing waypoint, you will define a distance and bearing from the existing waypoint to the new waypoint location.

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To create a waypoint offset from a reference waypoint...

· With the Waypoint Definition Page displayed, press the right arrow key until the cursor is over the waypoint identifier field.

· Enter the identifier of the new waypoint using the alphanumeric and arrow keys. Press ENT when complete.

· Press the right arrow key until the cursor is over the reference waypoint identifier field.

· Enter the identifier of the desired reference waypoint and press ENT.

· Enter the bearing from the reference waypoint to the new waypoint and press ENT. The bearing will be true or magnetic depending on the unit setups. (See Section 8.7.)

· Enter the distance from the reference waypoint to the new waypoint and press ENT. The distance will be in nautical miles, statute miles or kilometers depending on the unit setups. (See Section 8.7.)

Once the waypoint location is created, the user comment field will automatically be filled with the date and time the waypoint was created. You may enter a different user comment by placing the cursor over this field and entering the new comment with the alphanumeric and arrow keys, followed by ENT when complete.

You may also modify the position of an existing waypoint from the Waypoint Definition Page. A waypoint may be changed using the same procedures described above for creating a waypoint, by direct position entry (latitude/ longitude or grid system) or relative to an existing waypoint. When modifying an existing waypoint, the new position data is entered directly over the old data. For a given data field, once the ENT key is pressed the position data is updated. (NOTE: If a waypoint is being used for navigation, its position cannot be modified. An attempt to modify the position of such a waypoint will result in the message “Cannot change active waypoint”.)

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3.3 WAYPOINT LIST

The Waypoint List Page allows you to view all stored waypoints in your GPS

95. The list may be scrolled, with the arrow keys, to view all the waypoints. From this page, waypoints may be selected for deletion, renaming or to activate a GOTO. (See Chapter 4 for information on the GOTO function.)

To delete a waypoint...

· Select the Waypoint List Page by pressing WPT and the LIST softkey, if needed.

· With the arrow keys, place the cursor on the desired waypoint.

· Press CLR and ENT.

· A confirmation page is displayed. Press ENT to confirm or CLR to cancel.

NOTE: If you attempt to delete a proximity or route waypoint, a message will be displayed. You must delete the proximity alarm or the route before you can delete the waypoint. (See Sections 3.6 and 6.5.)

The Waypoint List Page also gives you the option of deleting all waypoints at one time.

To delete all waypoints...

· Select the Waypoint List Page by pressing WPT and the LIST softkey, if needed.

· With the arrow keys, place the cursor over “Delete All?” and press ENT.

· A confirmation page is displayed. Press ENT to confirm the deletion of all waypoints or CLR to cancel.

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NOTE: The “Delete All?” selection will delete all routes and proximity waypoints as well.

From the Waypoint List Page you may also change the name of any waypoint.

To rename a waypoint...

· Select the Waypoint List Page by pressing WPT and the LIST softkey, if needed.

· With the arrow keys, place the cursor on the desired waypoint.

· Type in a new name for the waypoint and press ENT.

· A confirmation page is displayed. Press ENT to confirm the name change or CLR to cancel.

3.4 USING WAYPOINTS

You may use waypoints on many GPS 95 pages. A waypoint is selected by entering its identifier and pressing ENT.

The GPS 95 also offers a waypoint scanning feature which will simplify waypoint entry. When scanning, the nine nearest waypoints will be displayed first, followed by the entire list.

To select a waypoint by scanning identifiers...

· On a blank waypoint identifier field press the WPT key. (If the identifier field is not blank, press CLR first.)

· Press the right arrow key to sequence through the available waypoints. If you pass the desired waypoint, you may press the left arrow key to scan backwards through the list.

· Once the desired waypoint is selected, press ENT to accept the waypoint and complete the scan. The selected waypoint will be displayed on the waypoint identifier field.

You may limit the scan by defining the starting letter, or letters, where you wish the scan to begin. Limited scanning can save considerable time when a large number of waypoints have been added to memory.

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To select a waypoint using a limited scan...

· Select a blank waypoint identifier field. (If the identifier field is not blank, press CLR first.)

· Enter the starting letter, or letters, of the desired waypoint identifier. You may limit the scan to the level that you desire. For example, if you enter “C” the GPS 95 will scan through all waypoints that begin with the letter “C”, but, if you enter “CRY” the GPS 95 will display only those waypoints that begin with “CRY”.

· Press WPT to begin scanning.

· Press the right arrow key to sequence through the available waypoints. If you pass the desired waypoint, you may press the left arrow key to scan backwards through the list.

· Once the desired waypoint is selected, press ENT to accept the waypoint and complete the scan. The selected waypoint will be displayed on the waypoint identifier field.

3.5 REVIEWING WAYPOINTS

The GPS 95 allows you to quickly review waypoint information without entering the waypoint identifier. For example, you may review information regarding the waypoints in a route, or review the definition of the nearest waypoints. In general, if the cursor is over a waypoint identifier, you may quickly review the information about that waypoint.

To review a waypoint definition...

· Place the cursor over a waypoint identifier (using the arrow keys) and press ENT. The Waypoint Definition Page is displayed showing information for the selected waypoint.

· With the cursor over “USE?”, press ENT to exit the review process and return to the previous page.

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3.6 PROXIMITY ALARM WAYPOINTS

The Proximity Waypoint Page allows you to define an alarm circle around a waypoint. This feature is useful in defining an area around a TCA (Class B), MOA, tower, etc. When you approach one of these waypoints the GPS 95 will notify you with an alarm tone and the message, “Prox Alarm [waypoint name],” if you enter the alarm circle.

The GPS 95 allows you to define a maximum of nine proximity waypoints. Scroll through the proximity waypoint list using the arrow keys.

To set a proximity waypoint...

· Select the Proximity Waypoint Page by pressing WPT and the PROX softkey, if needed.

· Place the cursor on a blank waypoint identifier field using the arrow keys.

· Enter the identifier of the desired waypoint and press ENT. (NOTE: If neither the waypoint name nor the location exists in memory, the Waypoint Definition Page will be displayed. You must then enter the waypoint location.)

· Enter the proximity alarm distance and press ENT. The proximity alarm distance defines a radius from the waypoint.

If the newly created proximity alarm circle overlaps with an existing proximity alarm circle, you will be informed of the overlap with the message “Proximity Overlap”. As long as the overlap remains this message will be displayed each time the GPS 95 is turned on. (WARNING: If you enter the overlap area the unit will only inform you of the nearest waypoint.)

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3.7 NEAREST WAYPOINTS

An important feature on the GPS 95 is the ability to display up to nine nearest waypoints within 200 nautical miles of your present position. The bearing and distance to each nearest waypoint is also displayed. The nearest waypoint feature can be critical in finding a safe landing location in the event of an inflight emergency.

To view nearest waypoint information...

· Select the Nearest Waypoint Page by pressing WPT and the NRST softkey, if needed. The six nearest waypoints will be displayed, along with the bearing and distance to each.

· Use the arrow keys to scroll through the list and view additional nearest waypoints (up to nine).

Keep in mind that you may view additional information for any nearest waypoint by placing the cursor on the waypoint identifier and pressing ENT.

The nearest waypoint feature can be used in conjunction with the GOTO key to provide instantaneous navigation information to a nearby waypoint. Simply place the cursor over the desired nearest waypoint identifier and press GOTO, followed by ENT. The GPS 95 will immediately plot a course from your present position to the nearby waypoint. (See Chapter 4 for more information on the GOTO key.)

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CHAPTER 4

GETTING THERE FAST - GOTO

The GOTO function allows you to quickly set a course from your position to any waypoint.

To activate the GOTO function...

· Press GOTO. The GOTO Page will be displayed with the cursor on the GOTO waypoint field. If the GPS 95 is currently navigating to a waypoint, that waypoint will be offered as the default GOTO waypoint. If the waypoint field is blank or the waypoint shown is not the desired destination, type the new name right over the old name. NOTE: If a non-existent waypoint name is entered, the GPS 95 will assume that this is a new waypoint and will display a blank Waypoint Definition Page where you may enter the new waypoint's coordinates.

· Confirm the GOTO waypoint by pressing ENT. The Navigation Summary Page will be displayed with the D-bar on the CDI centered. (See Section 5.1 for more information on the Navigation Summary Page and the CDI.)

You may also select the desired GOTO waypoint identifier by scanning. (See Section 3.4 for more information on waypoint scanning.) Alternatively, the GOTO function may be quickly activated from any page (e.g., the Nearest Waypoint Page or the Waypoint List Page) by placing the cursor over the desired waypoint name and pressing GOTO. The GOTO Page will be displayed with the cursor on the GOTO waypoint name. The GOTO function will be activated when the ENT key is pressed.

You may cancel the GOTO function at any time.

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To cancel the GOTO function...

· Press GOTO. The GOTO Page will be displayed.

· Press CLR. The GOTO waypoint name will become blank.

· Press ENT. The GPS 95 will start to navigate using the active route, if it has been programmed. (See Chapter 6.) Otherwise, the GPS 95 will stop computing waypoint navigation data.

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