Garmin 75 User Manual

GPS 75
Personal Navigator
TM
OWNER'S MANUAL
(Software Version 2.20 or above)
© 1992-1993 GARMIN, 9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 66215, USA Printed in Taiwan. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements.
October, 1993 190-00046-00 Rev. D
PREFACE
GARMIN thanks you for selecting our high performance, full featured Personal NavigatorTM. The GPS 75 represents our continued commitment to provide you with a portable navigation unit that is versatile, extremely accurate, and easy to use. We are confident you will enjoy using your unit for many years to come.
The GPS 75's rugged construction and quality components offer the reliability demanded by the harshest operating environments. It may be used in marine and land vehicles, as well as by hunters, hikers, and military forces. The unit may be operated portably using its own battery pack, or it may use a 5-40 volt DC external power source for fixed mounted applications. You can even use a 115- or 230-volt battery charger for planning trips at home.
This manual and accompanying quick reference guide provide complete information on safely operating the GPS 75 to its full potential. A practice voyage has been planned for you to practice your navigation skills using the built-in simulator. Afterwards, try a trip of your own to realize the value of the GPS 75 as your Personal NavigatorTM. If you have any questions or comments, our Product Support Department is eager to serve you. GARMIN is fully committed to your satisfaction as a customer.
GARMIN International, Inc. 9875 Widmer Road Lenexa, KS 66215 1-800-800-1020 (913) 599-1515
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CAUTION
The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is under development and is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 75 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted, and therefore become unsafe. Use the GPS 75 at your own risk. To reduce the risk, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owner's Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS 75 to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.
NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
1 INTRODUCING THE GARMIN GPS 75 1-1
1.1 Capabilities 1-1
1.2 Operations 1-2
2 GETTING STARTED 2-1
2.1 Front Panel 2-1
2.2 Softkey Operation 2-1
2.3 Cursor and Fields 2-2
2.4 Keypad Operation 2-2
2.5 Entering Data 2-4
2.6 Viewing Messages 2-4
2.7 Operating Modes 2-5
3 BASIC OPERATION 3-1
3.1 Power On 3-1
3.2 Satellite Status Pages 3-2
3.3 Present Position 3-3
3.4 Waypoints 3-5
3.5 Waypoint List 3-6
3.6 Autostore
3.7 Getting There Fast--GOTO 3-7
3.8 Navigating To A Waypoint 3-8
3.9 Man Overboard 3-11
3.10 Sample Trip 3-11
TM
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4 ROUTES 4-1
4.1 Navigating Using Routes 4-1
4.2 Creating and Copying A Route 4-2
4.3 Activating Routes 4-3
4.4 Editing Routes 4-4
4.5 Deleting Routes 4-4
4.6 Active Route 4-5
4.7 Route List 4-5 iii
5 ADVANCED WAYPOINT FEATURES 5-1
5.1 Nearest Waypoints 5-1
5.2 Proximity Waypoints 5-1
5.3 Reference Waypoints 5-2
5.4 Waypoint Scanning 5-3
6 AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS 6-1
6.1 Operating Mode and Filters 6-1
6.2 Plotting Setup 6-2
6.3 Units/Heading Setup 6-3
6.4 Alarms and CDI Setup 6-4
6.5 Date/Time 6-5
6.6 Audio and Display Setup 6-6
6.7 Interface Setup 6-6
6.8 Map Datum Selection 6-7
6.9 Beacon Receiver Setup 6-8
6.10 Sunrise/Sunset Planning 6-9
6.11 Trip & Fuel Planning 6-10
6.12 Messages 6-11
APPENDICES
A MESSAGES A-1
B GLOSSARY AND NAVIGATION TERMS B-1
B.1 Definitions B-1 B.2 Course To Steer (CTS) B-3
C INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE C-1
C.1 Specifications C-1 C.2 Electrical Wiring C-3 C.3 Universal Mount Installation C-5 C.4 Universal Mount Operation C-8 C.5 Battery Pack Operation C-10 C.6 Maintenance C-11 C.7 Product Support C-12
D MAP DATUMS D-1
E LOCAL TIME TO UTC TIME OFFSET E-1
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2.1 FRONT PANEL
Page Options
CHAPTER 2
GETTING STARTED
Page Annunciator
Softkeys
Message Annunciator
PWR STAT
GOTO
MOB
AUTO
STO
CLR
ABC
JKL
STU
1
4
7
DEF
MNO
VWX
GHI
NAV
3
2
PQR
5
8
0
WPT
6
YZ
­RTE
9
ENT
The front panel consists of a 20-key keypad with a 85 x 64-pixel LCD display. Both the display and keypad may be illuminated for nighttime operation.
2.2 SOFTKEY OPERATION
Information displayed on the LCD is commonly referred to as a “page.” The GPS 75 works with softkey operation. At the bottom of the screen is a list of page options. To select a different page, press the appropriate softkey below the desired menu option. Please note that the menu options must be highlighted in order to use the softkeys. On the bottom line, extreme right, is the page annunciator, which indicates the current page you are viewing.
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2.3 CURSOR AND FIELDS
Cyclic Field
The area of the page which is highlighted in reverse video is called the cursor. The cursor may be moved to locations on the page called fields which allow you to enter data or change options. You will encounter five types of fields.
· Numeric fields accept numbers only.
· Alphanumeric fields accept numbers as well as letters.
· Cyclic fields allow selection from several available options. A
cyclic field is preceded by a prompt ( ). You may cycle through the choices by pushing CLR.
· Confirmation fields allow you to indicate your approval. For
example, you will be asked to confirm that you want to delete a waypoint. Confirmation fields always end with a “?” character. Press ENT to approve the confirmation field.
Confirmation Field
Bar Field
· Bar fields allow an adjustable scale entry with the length of the
bar representing the minimum to maximum setting. Use your arrow keys to make adjustments in bar fields.
2.4 KEYPAD OPERATION
The PWR/STAT key is a dual function key that controls unit power and system status. Pressing this when the unit is off will turn the unit on. To turn the unit off, press and hold PWR/STAT until the display is blank.
Pressing PWR/STAT momentarily while the unit is on will take you to the status pages (see Section 3.2). If the message annunciator is flashing and the tone sounds, you may push PWR/STAT to view the message.
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Pressing GOTO/MOB once allows you to initiate the GOTO function, setting an instantaneous course to any waypoint (see Section 3.7). Pressing GOTO/MOB twice allows you to initiate the Man Overboard function, setting an immediate course to the captured position (see Section 3.9).
Pressing AUTOSTORE allows you to capture your present position instantaneously (see Section 3.6).
Pressing NAV selects the Navigation Pages which allow you to view navigation information and the Plot Page (see Section
3.8).
Pressing WPT selects the Waypoint Pages which allow you to create, edit, delete, and rename waypoints. In addition, you may view nearest waypoints or proximity waypoints (see Sections 3.4, 3.5 and Chapter 5).
Pressing RTE selects the Route Pages which allow you to edit, review, activate, and delete routes (see Chapter 4).
Pressing either of the arrow keys allows you to move the cursor, scroll through information lists, and enter letters of the alphabet.
The alphanumeric keys allow you to enter letters and numbers. Use the arrow keys to select the desired letter or number.
Pressing this key while the cursor is not on a numeric or alphanumeric field allows you to change the backlight level. There are two backlighting levels.
Pressing CLR erases information in the cursor field. If the cursor is over a cyclic field, pressing CLR will toggle through several available options.
Pressing ENT confirms an entry or selection.
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2.5 ENTERING DATA
To enter data you must first move the cursor under the desired field by pressing the right or left arrow key.
To enter a number...
· Press the key that is labeled with the desired number. The numbers will fill in from the right side of the field and move to the left as each new number is entered. For example, if you wish to enter “51” in a three space field, you must press the 5 and 1 keys in that order.
· Press CLR if you enter an incorrect number.
· Press ENT when you have filled all significant digits of the field with numbers.
To enter a letter...
· Press the key that is labeled with the desired letter.
· Press the right or left arrow key until the desired letter is displayed.
· Press CLR if you enter an incorrect letter.
· Press ENT when all the characters are entered.
The GPS 75 features a keypad feedback tone which will sound each time you press a key. If you enter data which is not appropriate for the field, the feedback tone will quickly sound three times indicating an error. The keypad feedback tone can be turned off if you wish (see Section 6.6).
2.6 VIEWING MESSAGES
From time to time, the GPS 75 will use a message to tell you of conditions needing attention. When the GPS 75 has a new message, the MSG annunciator will flash. When this occurs, press PWR/STAT to view the new message(s). Press PWR/STAT again to see the page you were viewing prior to reading your message.
While the MSG annunciator is flashing, the GPS 75 will also generate a tone to alert you of the message (if your unit is connected to an external alarm, it will also be activated). Messages that demand immediate attention such as an arrival alarm generate a quick tone that will not stop until you view the message. All other messages generate a slow tone that will cease after 15 seconds. The message tone may be turned off if you
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wish (see Section 6.6). Important messages will remain on the Message Page after being
Refer to Appendix A for a complete list of GPS 75 messages.
2.7 OPERATING MODES
Three modes are available which will allow you to operate your GPS 75 in the way which best suits your needs (see Section 6.1).
Normal mode is most suitable for high dynamics applications. The GPS 75 will typically operate up to 5 hours on a single pack of alkaline batteries, or 6 hours using the rechargeable battery pack.
Battery Saver mode is suitable for most applications and will extend the battery life to 7 hours on a single pack of alkaline batteries, or 9 hours using the rechargeable battery pack.
Simulator mode allows you to simulate the operation of the GPS 75 while at home or in your office. The simulator mode can be used while learning to use your GPS 75 and is ideal for planning routes and entering waypoints. Keep in mind that the GPS 75 is not tracking satellites in the simulator mode. YOU SHOULD NEVER ATTEMPT TO USE THE SIMULATOR MODE FOR ACTUAL NAVIGATION.
If you are using your GPS 75 for the first time, you are encouraged to review Chapter 3 which introduces the GPS 75's basic features, and Chapter 6 on custom setups. Afterward, you may want to read through the rest of this manual and make further use of the built-in simulator to practice with the advanced features.
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CHAPTER 3
BASIC OPERATION
3.1 POWER ON
After you turn your GPS 75 on, it will conduct a series of self tests and display the following notice:
Following completion of the tests, the Satellite Bar Graph Page (see Section 3.2) will be displayed, and the GPS 75 will begin acquiring satellites.
After a position is found (and if no keys have been pressed), the Position Page (see Section 3.3) will be displayed, and the unit is ready for normal operation.
When four or more satellites with good geometry are available, the GPS 75 will automatically operate in the 3D mode in which latitude, longitude, and altitude are computed. If only three satellites are available, the unit will operate in 2D mode in which only latitude and longitude are computed. When operating in the 2D mode, the unit will use the last computed altitude or your last entered altitude. (Section 3.3 describes how you may enter the altitude.)
Your GPS 75 will automatically update satellite orbital data as it operates. If you have not operated your unit for a period of six months or longer, it will take approximately 15 minutes to search the sky and collect new orbital data. You will be informed when your unit is searching the sky with the message “Searching the Sky.” Once satellite orbital data is collected, it will be stored in memory. The memory is maintained by an internal battery, therefore the data will not be lost when you turn your GPS 75 off.
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3.2 SATELLITE STATUS PAGES
There are four status pages available by pressing PWR/STAT. Three pages display satellite tracking status, and the fourth is a menu of auxiliary functions (messages, setups, and utilities). The softkeys at the bottom of each page allow selecting pages: BAR (bar graph), STAT (status), SKY (skyview), and AUX (auxiliary menu). You may also cycle through these pages by repeatedly pressing PWR/STAT.
Satellite Bar Graph
The Satellite Bar Graph shows the signal quality of each visible satellite graphically. The receiver status is also shown at the top of the screen. In this example, the unit is simulating navigation. The satellite numbers (1-32) are represented
* To view the
Satellite Status Page, press softkey underneath the STAT banner.
along the bottom of the graph; signal quality (1, weakest to 9, strongest) is represented along the side. If a satellite is visible but not tracked, the signal quality will be blank. If differential corrections are available for a satellite, a “D” will appear at the bottom of the signed strength bar for that satellite. (See Section
6.7 for DGPS setup instructions.)
* Press SKY Softkey
To display Satellite Skyview.
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Satellite Status Page
The Satellite Status Page shows the ID, azimuth, elevation, and signal quality of each visible satellite in a table format. The receiver status, again, is displayed at the top of the screen, as well as the dilution of precision (DOP) and estimated position error (EPE). (For more information about unfamiliar terms, see Appendix B.)
* Press AUX
Softkey to display the Auxiliary Menu Page.
Satellite Skyview
The Satellite Skyview Page shows the azimuth and elevation of each visible satellite in a graphic skyview format. Additionally, the DOP and EPE are displayed. The azimuth and elevation are useful in determining whether a satellite signal is blocked by buildings, mountains, or other obstructions. If a satellite is not currently being tracked, it will be displayed in reverse video on the screen
Auxiliary Menu
The Auxiliary Menu Page enables the selection of various setup and utility functions by moving the cursor to an item with the arrow keys and pressing ENT. Each setup and utility page is described in detail in Chapter
6.
3.3 PRESENT POSITION Position Page
As mentioned earlier, the Position Page is automatically displayed once a position is obtained. This page displays track, ground speed, latitude and longitude relative to the selected map datum (see Section
6.8), as well as a choice of altitude above mean sea level (MSL) or time (cyclic field). (Note: Time information will not be displayed when the GPS 75 is acquiring satellites.)
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When the GPS 75 is performing 2D navigation, the last known altitude will be used in the latitude/longitude computation. If the altitude is not accurate within a few hundred feet, you should manually enter your altitude.
To enter the altitude (2D only)...
· Use an arrow key to move the cursor under the altitude.
· Enter the altitude. If your antenna is mounted on a high mast, make sure you add the mast height. (Remember to complete the data entry by pressing ENT.)
During initial satellite acquisition, the displayed position is the last computed position stored in the GPS 75. If your position has moved several hundred miles or more with the power off, the unit may go into the Autolocate mode. This process can take up to ten minutes. Alternatively, you may enter a more accurate initial position to speed up the acquisition process. (You may also change the position at any time while you are in simulator mode.)
To enter the latitude/longitude...
· Use an arrow key to place the cursor on the latitude hemispheric designation (far left).
· Check the hemispheric designation (“N” or “S”) of the latitude. If it is correct, go to the next step. If it is incorrect, press CLR until the correct hemispheric designation is displayed.
· Place the cursor on the latitude field and enter the latitude. Depending on the position format selected (see Section 6.3), you will enter the latitude in one field (degrees only), two fields (degrees/minutes), or three fields (degrees/minutes/seconds or UTM). You must press ENT for each field to confirm the data entry.
· Check the hemispheric designation (“E” or “W”) of the longitude in the same manner as above for latitude.
· Enter the longitude (remember to complete the data entry by pressing ENT).
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3.4 WAYPOINTS
The GPS 75 allows you to create, store, and use 250 alphanumeric waypoints. A waypoint consists of a name (up to six letters and/or numbers), its latitude/longitude location, last time/date of modification, and a one-line comment. There are four waypoint pages. The softkeys at the bottom of each page allow the selection of each page: WPT (waypoint definition), NRST (nearest waypoints), PROX (proximity waypoints), and LIST (waypoint list). To start the waypoint pages, press WPT. The Nearest and Proximity Waypoint Pages are covered in Chapter 5.
Waypoint Definition
If you are not already on this page, press the WPT softkey. It allows you to review, create and modify waypoints. The cyclic field allows you to display one of the following: 1) the date and time the waypoint location was last modified, 2) a one­line comment of the waypoint (up to 20 characters), or 3) range and bearing from a reference waypoint.
To create, modify or review a waypoint
· Move the cursor to the waypoint name field, then enter the desired waypoint name.
· To create or modify position, enter the waypoint latitude and longitude as described in Section 3.3 on the previous page. (NOTE: If a waypoint is being used for navigation, its position cannot be modified. An attempt to modify the position of such a waypoint will result in the message “Can't Chg Activ WPT.”)
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3.5WAYPOINT LIST
The Waypoint List Page allows viewing of the stored waypoints in the unit. The list may be scrolled, with the arrow keys, to view all the waypoints. From this page, waypoints may be selected for deletion, renaming, or to activate a direct GOTO. (See Section 3.7.)
To delete a waypoint...
· With the arrow keys, place the cursor on the desired waypoint.
· Press CLR and ENT.
· The Confirmation Page is displayed. Press ENT to confirm or CLR to cancel.
NOTE: If you attempt to delete a proximity or route waypoint, a message will be displayed. You must delete the proximity alarm or the route before you can delete the waypoint.
To rename a waypoint...
· With the arrow keys, place the cursor on the desired waypoint.
· Type in a new name for the waypoint and press ENT.
· The Confirmation Page is displayed. Press ENT to confirm the name change or CLR to cancel.
To delete all waypoints...
· With the arrow keys, place the cursor over the “Delete All?” field and press ENT.
· The Confirmation Page is displayed. Press ENT to confirm the deletion of all waypoints or CLR to cancel.
NOTE: The “Delete All?” selection will delete all routes and proximity waypoints as well.
3.6AUTOSTORE
The AutoStoreTM function allows you to capture your position at the touch of a button for future reference. This function saves your current position in a waypoint. Additionally, you may record your navigation path by inserting the captured waypoints into a route (see Section 4.6).
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The AutoStoreTM Page displays the waypoint name, captured position, and optional storage route. An AutoStoreTM waypoint name is pre­assigned as a three digit number. You may change this to any name you desire. AutostoreTM waypoints may be used for any waypoint operation and will be part of the 250 available waypoints.
Waypoint Name
Longitude Latitude Route Storage
To capture present position...
· Press AUTOSTO. The pre-assigned waypoint name is on line 1. NOTE: The AutoStoreTM location is captured as soon as you press AUTOSTO. This allows you all the time you need to change the waypoint name and/or confirm the Autostore.
· If you wish to give the waypoint a different name, move the cursor to the waypoint name field and enter the name of your choice. If you enter a waypoint name already used, you will be informed with the message, “WPT Exists [name].” Enter a different name if this occurs. Press ENT.
Number
· Press ENT on a blank route storage number field to save the waypoint. If the route storage number field is not blank, the waypoint will be added to the route shown. (In Chapter 4, we will discuss building a route with AutoStore.)
3.7GETTING THERE FAST--GOTO
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To activate the GOTO function...
· Press GOTO. The above page will be displayed with the cursor on the GOTO waypoint field. If the GPS 75 is currently navigating to a waypoint, that waypoint will be offered as the default GOTO waypoint. If the waypoint field is blank or the waypoint shown is not the desired destination, type the new name right over the old name. NOTE: If a non-existent waypoint name is entered, the Waypoint Definition Page will appear to give you the opportunity to create the waypoint (see Section 3.4).
· Confirm the default GOTO waypoint by pressing the ENT key. The NAV Page will be displayed. (The D-Bar on the CDI will be re­centered at this point, see Section 3.8 below.)
Alternatively, the GOTO function may be quickly activated from many pages (e.g. the Nearest Waypoint Page or the Waypoint List) by placing the cursor over the desired waypoint name and pressing the GOTO key. The GOTO Page will be displayed with the cursor on the GOTO waypoint name. The GOTO function will be activated when the ENT key is pressed.
To cancel the GOTO function...
· Press GOTO.
· Press CLR. The GOTO waypoint name will become blank.
· Press ENT. The GPS 75 will start to navigate using the active route, if it has been programmed (see Chapter 4). Otherwise, the GPS 75 will stop computing waypoint navigation data.
3.8NAVIGATING TO A WAYPOINT
There are four navigation pages available from the NAV key. You may cycle through the following with softkeys at the bottom of each page: NAV (navigation summary), CDI (graphic course deviation indicator), PLOT (graphic plotter), and POSN (Present Position Page).
Active Leg
Cyclic Fields
D-Bar
Relative Bearing Pointer
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Cyclic Fields
Scale Setting Course Deviation
Indicator (CDI)
Navigation Summary
The Navigation Summary Page displays direction, distance and speed information to direct you along a route or a GOTO destination. The active leg (route) waypoints or GOTO waypoint is shown at the top of the screen. The CDI is at the bottom of the page. Current CDI scale setting is shown at each end of the scale. This is replaced by the cross track distance if the D-Bar goes off the scale. A relative bearing pointer at the center of the CDI indicates the bearing to the waypoint relative to the current track (TRK).
Notice that this page has four cyclic fields available. The field options are as follows: Field #1 (top left) provides a choice of: (a) bearing to destination waypoint (BRG), (b) course to steer (CTS), (c) desired track (DTK), (d) ground track (TRK), or (e) turn (TRN).
* Press the softkey
under CDI.
Field #2 (top right) provides a choice of: (a) range to destination waypoint (RNG), (b) cross track error (XTK), (c) along track distance (ATD), or (d) distance made good, back to starting point (DMG).
Field #3 (bottom left) provides a choice of: (a) ground track (TRK), (b) course made good (CMG), or (c) ground speed (GS).
Field #4 (bottom right) provides a choice of: (a) ground speed (GS), (b) estimated time enroute (ETE), (c) estimated time of arrival (ETA), or (d) velocity made good (VMG). (See Appendix B for a description of navigation terms.)
Course Deviation Indicator
The CDI Page shows a graphic “highway” display. The active waypoint is shown at the top of the screen. Navigation values for Track (TRK), Ground Speed (GS), Bearing (BRG), Range (RNG), and Estimated
* Press the softkey
under PLOT.
Time Enroute (bottom right) are shown. The center-line of the highway represents the desired
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track. The outer lines give a perspective view of the distance to a waypoint. As the waypoint comes into range, it will be displayed and the outer lines will become parallel.
Plot Page
The Plot Page shows a graphic top view of your course. The destination waypoint is shown at the top right of the screen. Your present position is shown as a plus (“+”) sign in the middle of the page. The track history
· Press the POSN softkey .
and/or the active route are shown as a solid line. (Plotting of ground track and active route is user­selectable, see Section 6.2.) Nearby waypoints are displayed as
diamonds. You may view the waypoint name by scrolling to the point with the arrow keys. A GOTO may be performed by pressing GOTO while the cursor is on the waypoint.
The scale distance for the screen (distance represented by height of screen) is at the lower left corner of the screen. The scale number (directly above the scale distance) may be changed by moving the cursor to the scale number and pressing CLR, or by entering a new number (0-
9). Finally, the Plot Page can be oriented as a “North up”, “Ground Track Up”, or “Desired Track Up” display (see Section 6.2).
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Position Page
The Position Page is described in
Section 3.3. Please refer to that
section for further information.
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