MAA3182 SERIES
MAB3091, MAB3045 SERIES MAC3091, MAC3045 SERIES
DISK DRIVES
PRODUCT MANUAL
C141-E035-03EN
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REVISION RECORD |
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Edition |
Date published |
Revised contents |
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Mar., 1997 |
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Nov., 1997 |
Pages 1-2, 1-5 to 1-11, 2-2 to 2-5, 2-7, 3-2 to 3-4, 3-7 to 3-10, Chapter 4, 5-2, 5-3, 5-5 to |
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5-10, 5-12 to 5-24, Chapter 6, Appendix A, C-1, C-2, D-2, Appendix E revised. |
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03 |
Jan., 1998 |
Pages 1-3, 1-4, 1-7 to 1-9, Chapter 2, 3-2 to 3-4, 3-6, 3-10, 4-4, 4-5, 4-7, 4-8, 4-10, 4-11, |
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4-14, 4-22, 4-23, 4-27, 6-2, 6-3, D-2 revised. |
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Specification No.: C141-E035-**EN |
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The contents of this manual is subject to |
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change without prior notice. |
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All Rights Reserved. |
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Copyright ã 1998 FUJITSU LIMITED |
C141-E035-03EN |
i |
FOR SAFE OPERATION
Handling of This manual
This manual contains important information for using this product. Read thoroughly before using the product. Use this product only after thoroughly reading and understanding especially the section “Important Alert Items” in this manual. Keep this manual handy, and keep it carefully.
FUJITSU makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from suffering damange to their property. Use the product according to this manual.
Functional Limitations
There may be certain functional limitations concerning the specifications and functions of the products covered by this manual depending on the equipment version, especially concerning the following functions.
Versions in which there functions can be used will be communicated through “ENGINEERING CHANGE REQUEST/NOTICE”, issued by Fujitsu.
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Equipment Version Which Supports These Functions |
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Equipment |
EPROM |
Standard INQUIRY Data Product |
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Version No. |
Version |
Revision (ASCII) |
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No. |
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READ RAM Command |
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These commands cannot be used in the current version. |
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WRITE RAM Command |
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(Proceed to the Copyright Page)
C141-E035-03EN |
iii |
Related Standards
Specifications and functions of products covered by this manual comply with the following standards.
Standard (Text) No. |
Name |
Enacting Organization |
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ANSI X3.131-1986 |
American National Standard for |
American National |
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Information Systems—Small Computer |
Standards Institute |
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System Interface (SCSI) |
(ANSI) |
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ANSI X3.131-1994 |
American National Standard for |
American National |
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Information Systems—Small Computer |
Standards Institute |
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System Interface - 2(SCSI-2) |
(ANSI) |
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X3T9.2/85-52 Rev 4.B |
COMMON COMMAND SET (CCS) |
American National |
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of the Small Computer |
Standards Institute |
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System Interface (SCSI) |
(ANSI) |
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X3T9.2 855D Rev 12 |
WORKING DRAFT Information |
American National |
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Technology SCSI-3 Parallel Interface |
Standards Institute |
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(ANSI) |
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X3T10/10T1D Rev 6 |
Dfaft proposed |
American National |
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American National Standard for |
Standards Institute |
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Information Systems—SCSI-3 |
(ANSI) |
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Fast-20 Parallel Interface |
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(Fast 20-SCSI) |
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All Right Reserved, Copyright © 1997, 1998 Fujitsu Limited
iv |
C141-E035-03EN |
This manual describes the MAA3182xx (hereafter, MAA31xxxx), MAB3091xx, MAB3045xx (hereafter, MAB30xxxx), MAC3091xx, MAC3045xx (hereafter, MAC30xxxx) series 3.5-inch fixed disk drives with an embedded SCSI controller.
This manual details the specifications and functions of the above disk drive, and gives the requirements and procedures for installing it into a host computer system.
This manual is written for users who have a basic understanding of fixed disk drives and their use in computer systems. The MANUAL ORGANIZATION section describes organization and scope of this manual. The need arises, use the other manuals.
Chapter 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
This chapter introduces the MAA31xxxx, MAB30xxxx and MAC30xxxx series disk drives and discusses their standard features, hardware, and system configuration.
Chapter 2 SPECIFICATIONS
This chapter gives detailed specifications of the MAA31xxxx, MAB30xxxx and MAC30xxxx series disk drives and their installation environment.
Chapter 3 DATA FORMAT
This chapter describes the data structure of the disk, the address method, and what to do about media defects.
Chapter 4 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
This chapter describes the basic physical and electrical requirements for installing MAA31xxxx, MAB30xxxx and MAC30xxxx series disk drives.
Chapter 5 INSTALLATION
This chapter explains how to install MAA31xxxx, MAB30xxxx and MAC30xxxx series disk drives. It includes the notice and procedures for setting device number and operation modes, mounting the disk drive, connecting the cables, and confirming drive operation.
Chapter 6 DIAGNOSIS and MAINTENANCE
This chapter describes the automatic diagnosis, and maintenance of the MAA31xxxx, MAB30xxxx and MAC30xxxx series disk drive.
APPENDIX A to E
The appendixes give supplementary information, including the locations of mounting setting terminals and connectors, a list of setting items, the signal assignments of interface connectors, lists of model names and product numbers, and SCSI interface functions.
The model numbers have a suffix that describes the electrical requirements of the SCSI interface between host system and disk drive, the data formatted at the factory and device type.
C141-E035-03EN |
v |
CONVENTIONS
This manual uses the following conventions for alerts to prevent physical or property damages to users or by standards.
DANGER
DANGER indicates that personal injury will occur if the user does not perform the procedure correctly.
WARNING
WARNING indicates that personal injury could occur if the user does not perform the procedure correctly.
CAUTION
CAUTION indicates that either minor or moderate personal injury may occur if the user does not perform the procedure correctly.
NOTICE
NOTICE indicates that inconvenience to the user such as damages to the product, equipment, data, and/or other property may occur if the user does not pay attention or perform the procedure correctly.
IMPORTANT
IMPORTANT indicates information that the helps the user use the product more effectively.
Indicates
This manual indicates;
Decimal number: Indicates as it is.
Hexadecimal number: Indicates as X’17B9’, 17B9h, or 17B9H
Binary number: Indicates as “010”
vi |
C141-E035-03EN |
DISCLAIMER
Failure of the MAA31xxxx, MAB30xxxx and MAC30xxxx series intelligent disk drive is defined as a failure requiring adjustments, repairs, or replacement. Fujitsu is not responsible for drive failures caused by misuse by the user, poor environmental conditions, power trouble, host problems, cable failures, or any failure not caused by the drive itself.
The suffix of the model name of the disk drive varies depending on the electrical requirements, capacity, and data format at factory shipment of the SCSI, i.e., the interface for connecting the three device types or host system and the disk drives (Note 1). However, in this manual, the typical model names (Note 2) are used unless otherwise noted. These disk drives may be called intelligent disk drives (IDD), drives, or devices in this manual.
Note 1: |
Model names |
M AA 3 182 SC
Interface types |
SP: Single-Ended, 16-bit SCSI |
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SC: Single-Ended, 16-bit SCSI SCA2 connector |
Formatted capacity (100 MB units) |
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Disk size |
3: 3.5 inch |
Type |
AA: 1.6-inch height (7,200rpm) |
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AB: 1-inch height (7,200rpm) |
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AC: 1-inch height (10,033rpm) |
Note 2: |
Type model name |
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Type model |
Model name |
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MAA3182 |
MAA3182SP, MAA3182SC |
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MAB3091 |
MAB3091SP, MAB3091SC |
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MAB3045 |
MAB3045SP, MAB3045SC |
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MAC3091 |
MAC3091SP, MAC3091SC |
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MAC3045 |
MAC3045SP, MAC3045SC |
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C141-E035-03EN |
vii |
MANUAL ORGANIZATION |
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PRODUCT |
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1. General Description |
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MANUAL |
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2. Specifications |
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3. |
Data Format |
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(This manual) |
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4. |
Installation Requirements |
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5. |
Installation |
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6. |
Diagnostics and Maintenance |
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SCSI Physical |
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1. SCSI Bus |
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Interface |
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SCSI Message |
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Specifications |
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3. |
SCSI Bus Error Recovery Processing |
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SCSI Logical |
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1. Command Processing |
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Interface |
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2. |
Data Buffer Management |
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Specifications |
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3. |
Command Specification |
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4. |
Sense Data and error Recovery Procedure |
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5. |
Disk Medium Management |
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Maintenance |
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1. |
Specifications and Equipment Configuration |
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Manual |
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2. |
Maintenance and Diagnostic |
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3. |
Error Analysis |
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4. |
Removal and Replacement Procedures |
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5. |
Principle of Operation |
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viii |
C141-E035-03EN |
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page |
CHAPTER 1 |
GENERAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................... |
1-1 |
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1.1 |
Standard Features ........................................................................................................... |
1-2 |
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1.2 |
Hardware Structure ......................................................................................................... |
1-5 |
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1.3 |
System Configuration..................................................................................................... |
1-10 |
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CHAPTER 2 |
SPECIFICATIONS......................................................................................... |
2-1 |
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2.1 |
Hardware Specifications ................................................................................................. |
2-1 |
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2.1.1 |
Model name and part number......................................................................................... |
2-1 |
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2.1.2 |
Function specifications ................................................................................................... |
2-2 |
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2.1.3 |
Environmental specifications.......................................................................................... |
2-4 |
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2.1.4 |
Error rate......................................................................................................................... |
2-5 |
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2.1.5 |
Reliability ....................................................................................................................... |
2-5 |
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2.2 |
SCSI Function Specifications ......................................................................................... |
2-7 |
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CHAPTER 3 |
DATA FORMAT ............................................................................................ |
3-1 |
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3.1 |
Data Space ...................................................................................................................... |
3-1 |
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3.1.1 |
Cylinder configuration.................................................................................................... |
3-1 |
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3.1.2 |
Alternate spare area ........................................................................................................ |
3-5 |
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3.1.3 |
Track format ................................................................................................................... |
3-6 |
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3.1.4 |
Sector format .................................................................................................................. |
3-8 |
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3.1.5 |
Format capacity .............................................................................................................. |
3-10 |
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3.2 |
Logical Data Block Addressing...................................................................................... |
3-11 |
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3.3 |
Defect Management........................................................................................................ |
3-12 |
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3.3.1 |
Defect list ....................................................................................................................... |
3-12 |
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3.3.2 |
Alternate block allocation............................................................................................... |
3-12 |
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CHAPTER 4 |
INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS .......................................................... |
4-1 |
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4.1 |
Mounting Requirements ................................................................................................. |
4-1 |
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4.1.1 |
External dimensions ....................................................................................................... |
4-1 |
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4.1.2 |
Mounting ........................................................................................................................ |
4-6 |
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4.1.3 |
Notes on mounting ......................................................................................................... |
4-6 |
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4.2 |
Power Supply Requirements .......................................................................................... |
4-11 |
C141-E035-03EN |
ix |
4.3 |
Connection Requirements .............................................................................................. |
4-14 |
4.3.1 |
Single-ended 16-bit SCSI model (MAA31xxSP, MAB30xxSP, MAC30xxSP) ............ |
4-14 |
4.3.2 |
SCA2 type SCSI model (MAA31xxSC, MAB30xxSC, MAC30xxSC)......................... |
4-22 |
4.3.3 |
Cable connector requirements ........................................................................................ |
4-24 |
4.3.4 |
External operator panel................................................................................................... |
4-28 |
CHAPTER 5 INSTALLATION............................................................................................ |
5-1 |
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5.1 |
Notes on Handling Drives .............................................................................................. |
5-1 |
5.2 |
Connections.................................................................................................................... |
5-3 |
5.3 |
Setting Terminals............................................................................................................ |
5-5 |
5.3.1 |
SCSI ID setting............................................................................................................... |
5-7 |
5.3.2 |
Each mode setting .......................................................................................................... |
5-8 |
5.3.3 |
Write protect, terminating resistor setting....................................................................... |
5-9 |
5.3.4 |
Mode settings ................................................................................................................. |
5-10 |
5.4 |
Mounting Drives ............................................................................................................ |
5-11 |
5.4.1 |
Check before mounting .................................................................................................. |
5-11 |
5.4.2 |
Mounting procedures...................................................................................................... |
5-11 |
5.5 |
Connecting Cables.......................................................................................................... |
5-12 |
5.6 |
Confirming Operations after Installation and Preparation for use .................................. |
5-13 |
5.6.1 |
Confirming initial operations.......................................................................................... |
5-13 |
5.6.2 |
Checking SCSI connection............................................................................................. |
5-15 |
5.6.3 |
Formatting ...................................................................................................................... |
5-18 |
5.6.4 |
Setting parameters .......................................................................................................... |
5-20 |
5.7 |
Dismounting Drives ....................................................................................................... |
5-24 |
CHAPTER 6 DIAGNOSTICS AND MAINTENANCE...................................................... |
6-1 |
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6.1 |
Diagnostics ..................................................................................................................... |
6-1 |
6.1.1 |
Self-diagnostics .............................................................................................................. |
6-1 |
6.1.2 |
Test programs ................................................................................................................. |
6-4 |
6.2 |
Maintenance Information ............................................................................................... |
6-5 |
6.2.1 |
Maintenance requirements.............................................................................................. |
6-5 |
6.2.2 |
Revision numbers ........................................................................................................... |
6-7 |
APPENDIX A LOCATIONS OF CONNECTORS, SETTING TERMINALS, AND |
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TERMINATING RESISTORS...................................................................... |
A-1 |
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C141-E035-03EN |
A.1 |
Locations of Connectors and Setting Terminals |
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(MAx3xxxSC: SCA2 type 16-bit SCSI)......................................................................... |
A-2 |
A.2 |
Locations of Connectors and Setting Terminals |
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(MAx3xxxSP: single-ended type 16-bit SCSI)............................................................... |
A-3 |
APPENDIX B SETTING TERMINALS................................................................................ |
B-1 |
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B.1 |
Setting Terminals (MAx3xxxSP: Single-ended 16-bit SCSI)......................................... |
B-2 |
APPENDIX C CONNECTOR SIGNAL ALLOCATION .................................................... |
C-1 |
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C.1 |
SCSI Connector Signal Allocation: SCA2 type 16-bit SCSI ......................................... |
C-2 |
C.2 |
SCSI Connector Signal Allocation: Single-ended type 16-bit SCSI.............................. |
C-3 |
APPENDIX D MODEL NAMES AND PRODUCT NUMBERS ......................................... |
D-1 |
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D.1 |
Model Names and Product Numbers .............................................................................. |
D-2 |
APPENDIX E SCSI INTERFACE FUNCTIONS ................................................................. |
E-1 |
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E.1 |
SCSI interface function specifications ............................................................................ |
E-2 |
Index |
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IN-1 |
C141-E035-03EN |
xi |
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FIGURES |
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1.1 |
MAA31xxSC outer view ................................................................................................ |
1-5 |
1.2 |
MAA31xxSP outer view ................................................................................................ |
1-6 |
1.3 |
MAB30xxSC outer view ................................................................................................ |
1-6 |
1.4 |
MAB30xxSP outer view................................................................................................. |
1-7 |
1.5 |
MAC30xxSC outer view ................................................................................................ |
1-7 |
1.6 |
MAC30xxSP outer view................................................................................................. |
1-7 |
1.7 |
Disk/head configuration ................................................................................................. |
1-8 |
1.8 |
System configuration...................................................................................................... |
1-10 |
3.1 |
Cylinder configuration.................................................................................................... |
3-2 |
3.2 |
Spare area in cylinders.................................................................................................... |
3-5 |
3.3 |
Alternate cylinder ........................................................................................................... |
3-5 |
3.4 |
Track format ................................................................................................................... |
3-6 |
3.5 |
Track skew/cylinder skew .............................................................................................. |
3-7 |
3.6 |
Sector format .................................................................................................................. |
3-8 |
3.7 |
Alternate block allocation by FORMAT UNIT command ............................................. |
3-14 |
3.8 |
Alternate block allocation by REASSIGN BLOCKS command..................................... |
3-15 |
4.1 |
External dimensions (MAA31xxSC).............................................................................. |
4-2 |
4.2 |
External dimensions (MAA31xxSP) .............................................................................. |
4-3 |
4.3 |
External dimensions (MAB30xxSC, MAC30xxSC) ...................................................... |
4-4 |
4.4 |
External dimensions (MAB30xxSP, MAC30xxSP) ....................................................... |
4-5 |
4.5 |
IDD orientation............................................................................................................... |
4-6 |
4.6 |
Mounting frame structure ............................................................................................... |
4-7 |
4.7 |
Limitation of side-mounting........................................................................................... |
4-7 |
4.8 |
Surface temperature measurement points (MAA31xxxx/MAB30xxxx/MAC30xxxx) .. |
4-8 |
4.9 |
Service clearance area..................................................................................................... |
4-9 |
4.10 |
Air pressure adjustment hole .......................................................................................... |
4-10 |
4.11 |
Current waveform (+12 VDC)........................................................................................ |
4-11 |
4.12 |
Power on/off sequence (1) .............................................................................................. |
4-11 |
4.13 |
Power on/off sequence (2) .............................................................................................. |
4-12 |
4.14 |
Power on/off sequence (3) .............................................................................................. |
4-12 |
4.15 |
AC noise filter (recommended) ...................................................................................... |
4-13 |
4.16 |
Connectors and terminals location (single-ended 16-bit SCSI) ...................................... |
4-14 |
xii |
C141-E035-03EN |
4.17 |
16-bit SCSI interface connector...................................................................................... |
4-15 |
4.18 |
Power supply connector (16-bit SCSI model) ................................................................ |
4-15 |
4.19 |
External operator panel connector (CN1) ....................................................................... |
4-16 |
4.20 |
External operator panel connector (CN7) ....................................................................... |
4-17 |
4.21 |
16-bit SCSI ID external input ......................................................................................... |
4-18 |
4.22 |
Output signal for external LED ...................................................................................... |
4-19 |
4.23 |
Cables connection (16-bit SCSI model) ......................................................................... |
4-21 |
4.24 |
Connectors and terminals location of SCA2 type SCSI model....................................... |
4-22 |
4.25 |
SCA2 type SCSI connector ............................................................................................ |
4-23 |
4.26 |
SCSI cable connector...................................................................................................... |
4-25 |
4.27 |
SCSI cable termination ................................................................................................... |
4-27 |
4.28 |
External operator panel circuit example (MAx3xxxSP) ................................................. |
4-28 |
5.1 |
SCSI bus connections ..................................................................................................... |
5-3 |
5.2 |
MAx3xxxSP setting terminals position .......................................................................... |
5-5 |
5.3 |
Setting terminals (MAx3xxxSP)..................................................................................... |
5-6 |
5.4 |
Checking the SCSI connection (A)................................................................................. |
5-16 |
5.5 |
Checking the SCSI connection (B)................................................................................. |
5-17 |
6.1 |
Revision label ................................................................................................................. |
6-7 |
6.2 |
Indicating revision numbers ........................................................................................... |
6-8 |
A.1 |
Locations of connectors and setting terminals |
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(MAx3xxxSC, SCA2 type 16-bit SCSI)............................................................................ |
A-2 |
A.2 |
Locations of connectors and setting terminals |
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(MAx3xxxSP, single-ended type 16-bit SCSI) .................................................................. |
A-3 |
C141-E035-03EN |
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page |
2.1 |
Function specifications ................................................................................................... |
2-2 |
2.2 |
Environmental/power requirements................................................................................ |
2-4 |
2.3 |
SCSI function specifications........................................................................................... |
2-7 |
3.1 |
Zone layout and track capacity (MAA31xxxx) .............................................................. |
3-3 |
3.2 |
Zone layout and track capacity (MAB30xxxx) .............................................................. |
3-3 |
3.3 |
Zone layout and track capacity (MAC30xxxx) .............................................................. |
3-3 |
3.4 |
Format capacity .............................................................................................................. |
3-10 |
4.1 |
Surface temperature check point..................................................................................... |
4-8 |
4.2 |
External inputs for operating terminating resistor (16-bit single-ended type) ................ |
4-20 |
4.3 |
Recommended components for connection.................................................................... |
4-24 |
4.4 |
Total cable length of SCSI cable .................................................................................... |
4-26 |
4.5 |
SCSI cable requirements................................................................................................. |
4-26 |
5.1 |
SCSI ID setting (single-ended 16-bit SCSI model: MAx3xxxSP).................................. |
5-7 |
5.2Setting SCSI terminal power supply (single-ended 16-bit SCSI model: MAx3xxxSP) . 5-8
5.3 |
Motor start mode setting (single-ended 16-bit SCSI model: MAx3xxxSP) ................... |
5-8 |
5.4 |
Write protect setting (single-ended 16-bit SCSI model: MAx3xxxSP) .......................... |
5-9 |
5.5Setting of connection of terminating resistor on SCSI interface
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(single-ended 16-bit SCSI model: MAx3xxxSP) ........................................................... |
5-9 |
5.6 |
Default mode settings (by CHANGE DEFINITION command)..................................... |
5-10 |
5.7 |
Setting check list (MAx3xxxSP) .................................................................................... |
5-11 |
6.1 |
Self-diagnostic functions ................................................................................................ |
6-1 |
B.1 |
Setting terminal: CN6 (MAx3xxxSP)............................................................................ |
B-2 |
B.2 |
Setting terminal: CN7 (MAx3xxxSP)............................................................................ |
B-3 |
C.1 |
SCSI connector (SCA2 type, 16-bit SCSI): CN1........................................................... |
C-2 |
C.2 |
SCSI connector (single-ended type 16-bit SCSI): CN1 ................................................. |
C-3 |
D.1 |
MAA, MAB and MAC series model names and product numbers ................................ |
D-2 |
E.1 |
SCSI interface function specifications ............................................................................ |
E-2 |
xiv |
C141-E035-03EN |
1.1Standard Features
1.2Hardware Structure
1.3System Configuration
This chapter describes the feature and configuration of the intelligent disk drives (IDD).
IDDs are high performance large capacity 3.5-inch fixed disk drives with an embedded SCSI controller.
The interface between the IDD and host system is based on SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) standard [ANSI X3.131 - 1986: Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), ANSI X3.131-1994: Small Computer System Interface - 2 (SCSI-2)].
The flexibility and expandability of the SCSI, as well as the powerful command set of the IDD, allow the user to construct a high-performance reliable disk subsystem with large storage capacity.
C141-E035-01EN |
1 - 1 |
(1)Compactness
Since the SCSI controller circuit is embedded in the standard 3.5-inch fixed disk drive form factor, the IDD is extremely compact. The IDD can be connected directly to the SCSI bus of the host system .
(2)SCSI/CCS standard
The IDD provides not only SCSI basic functions but also the following features:
∙Arbitration
∙Disconnection/reselection
∙Data bus parity
∙Command set which meets the logical specification of the SCSI CCS (Common Command Set for Direct Access Device) requirements (Rev. 4.B)
The SCSI commands can manipulate data through logical block addressing regardless of the physical characteristics of the disk drive. This allows software to accommodate future expansion of system functions.
(3)8-bit SCSI/16-bit SCSI
The IDD has 16-bit data width (16-bit SCSI), which have the wide transfer function suitable for SCSI-3.
∙8-bit SCSI: Up to eight SCSI devices can be connected on the same SCSI bus.
∙16-bit SCSI: Up to 16 SCSI devices can be connected on the same SCSI bus.
For the ultra SCSI model, number of connectable SCSI devices on the same SCSI bus is varied as follows.
∙Up to 4 SCSI devices having capacitance of 25 pF: Cable length of up to 3.0 m.
∙5 to 8 SCSI devices having capacitance of 25 pF: Cable length of up to 1.5 m
(4)High speed data transfer
∙8-bit SCSI: The data transfer rate on the 8-bit SCSI bus is 6 MB/s maximum in
asynchronous mode, 20 MB/s in synchronous mode.
∙16-bit SCSI: The data transfer rate on the 16-bit SCSI bus is 12 MB/s maximum in
asynchronous mode, 40 MB/s in synchronous mode.
Such a high data transfer rate on the SCSI bus can be useful with the large capacity buffer in the IDD.
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Note:
The maximum data transfer rate in asynchronous mode may be limited by the response time of initiator and the length of SCSI bus length. The maximum data transfer rate in synchronous mode on the single-ended SCSI bus may be limited by the cable length, transmission characteristics of the SCSI bus and the connected SCSI device number.
(5)Continuous block processing
The addressing method of data blocks is logical block address. The initiator can access data by specifying block number in a logically continuous data space without concerning the physical structure of the track or cylinder boundaries.
The continuous processing up to [64K-1] blocks in a command can be achieved, and IDD can perform continuous read/write operation when processing data blocks on several tracks or cylinder.
(6)512 KB programmable multi-segment data buffer
Data is transferred between SCSI bus and disk media through the embedded 512 KB data buffer in the IDD. This buffer can be divided into maximum 16 areas. This feature provides the suitable usage environment for users.
Since the initiator can control the disconnect/reconnect timing on the SCSI bus by specifying the condition of stored data to the data buffer or empty condition of the data buffer, the initiator can perform the effective input/output operations with utilizing high data transfer capability of the SCSI bus regardless of actual data transfer rate of the disk drive.
(7)Read-ahead cache feature
After executing the READ command, the IDD reads automatically and stores (prefetches) the subsequent data blocks into the data buffer (Read-ahead caching).
The high speed sequential data access can be achieved by transferring the data from the data buffer without reaccessing the disk in case the subsequent command requests the prefetched data blocks.
(8)Command queuing feature
The IDD can queue maximum 128 commands, and optimizes the issuing order of queued commands by the reordering function. This feature realizes the high speed processing.
Recordering algorithm is adopted to prevent a specific command from staying in a queue for more than 3 seconds.
(9)Reserve and release functions
The IDD can be accessed exclusively in the multi-host or multi-initiator environment by using the reserve and release functions.
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(10)Error recovery
The IDD can try to recover from errors in SCSI bus or the disk drive using its powerful retry processing. If a recoverable data check occurs, error-free data can be transferred to the initiator after being corrected in the data buffer. The initiator software is released from the complicated error recover processing by these error recovery functions of the IDD.
(11)Automatic alternate block reassignment
If a defective data block is detected during read, the IDD can automatically reassign its alternate data block.
(12)Programmable data block length
Data can be accessed in fixed-block length units. The data block length is programmable, and can at initializing with a multiple of two for the 512 to 528 bytes.
(13)Defective block slipping
A logical data block can be reallocated in a physical sequence by slipping the defective data block at formatting. This results in high speed contiguous data block processing without a revolution delay due to defective data block.
(14)High speed positioning
A rotary voice coil motor achieves fast positioning.
(15)Large capacity
A large capacity can be obtained from 3.5-inch disk drives by dividing all cylinders into several partitions and changing the recording density on each partition (constant density recording). The disk subsystem with large capacity can be constructed in the good space efficiency.
(16)Start/Stop of spindle motor
Using the SCSI command, the host system can start and stop the spindle motor.
(17)Diagnosis
The IDD has a diagnostic capability which checks internal controller functions and drive operations to facilitate testing and repair.
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(18)Low power consumption
By using highly integrated LSI components, the power consumption of the IDD is very low, and this enables the unit to be used in wide range of environmental conditions.
(19)Low noise and low vibration
Approx. 4.2 bels for the IDD. This makes it ideal for office use. The IDD has rubber vibration isolators, which minimize the transfer of vibration.
(20)Microcode downloading
The IDD implements the microcode download feature. This feature achieves easy maintainability of the IDD and function enhancing.
An outer view of the IDD is given in Figures 1.1 to 1.4. The IDD is composed of the disk, head, spindle motor, hermetically sealed disk enclosure (DE) with actuator and air circulation filter, as well as read/write pre-amp with the print card unit (PCA) of the controller.
Figure 1.1 MAA31xxSC outer view
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Figure 1.2 MAA31xxSP outer view
Figure 1.3 MAB30xxSC outer view
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Figure 1.4 MAB30xxSP outer view
Figure 1.5 MAC30xxSC outer view
Figure 1.6 MAC30xxSP outer view
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(1)Disks
The disks have an outer diameter of 95 mm (3.74 inch) and inner diameter of 25 mm (0.98 inch). The disks are good for at least 10,000 contact starts and stops. Each model contains following number of disks.
MAA3182:10 MAB3091, MAC3091:5 MAB3045, MAC3045:3
(2)Heads
The MR (Magnet - Resistive) of the CSS (contact start/stop) type heads are in contact with the disks when the disks are not rotating, and automatically float when the rotation is started. Figure 1.7 shows the configuration of disks and heads
MAA3182 |
MAB3091, MAC3091 |
MAB3045, MAC3045 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
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2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
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6 |
6 |
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7 |
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7 |
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8 |
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12 |
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9 |
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13 |
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14 |
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15 |
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16
17
18
Head No.
Figure 1.7 Disk/head configuration
(3)Spindle motor
The disks are rotated by a direct-drive hall-less DC motor. The motor speed is controlled by a feedback circuit using the counter electromotive current to precisely maintain the speed at ±0.5% of the specified speed.
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(4)Actuator
The actuator, which uses a rotary voice coil motor (VCM), consumes little power and generates little heat. The head assembly at the end of the actuator arm is controlled and positioned via feedback of servo information in the data.
The actuator positions heads on the CCS zone over the disk and is locked by the mechanical lock when the power is off or the spindle motor is stopped.
(5)Air circulation (recirculation filter, breather filter)
The heads, disks, and actuator are hermetically sealed inside a disk enclosure (DE) to keep out dust and other pollutants. The DE has a closed-loop air recirculation system. Using the movement of the rotating disks, air is continuously cycled through a filter. This filter will trap any dust generated inside the enclosure and keep the air inside the DE contaminant free. To prevent negative pressure in the vicinity of the spindle when the disks begin rotating, a breather filter is attached. The breather filter also equalizes the internal air pressure with the atmospheric pressure due to surrounding temperature changes.
(6)Read/write circuit
The read/write circuit uses head LSI chips and partial response class 4 maximum likelihood (PR4ML) modulator and demodulator circuit to prevent errors caused by external noise, thus improving data reliability.
(7)Controller circuit
The controller circuit uses LSIs to increase the reliability and uses a high speed microprocessing unit (MPU) to increase the performance of the SCSI controller.
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Figure 1.8 shows the system configuration. The IDDs are connected to the SCSI bus of host systems and are always operated as target. The IDDs perform input/output operation as specified by SCSI devices which operate as initiator.
Figure 1.8 System configuration
(1)SCSI bus configuration
Up to eight SCSI devices operating as an initiator or a target can be connected to the SCSI bus for the 8-bit SCSI and up to 16 SCSI devices operating as an initiator or a target can be connected to the SCSI bus for the 16-bit SCSI in any combination.
For example, the system can be configured as multi-host system on which multiple host computers that operate as initiator or connected through the SCSI bus.
Using disconnect/reconnect function, concurrent input/output processing is possible on multiSCSI devices.
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(2)Addressing of peripheral device
Each SCSI device on the bus has its own unique address (SCSI ID:#n in Figure 1.6). For input/output operation, a peripheral device attached to the SCSI bus that operates as target is addressed in unit called as logical unit. A unique address (LUN: logical unit number) is assigned for each logical unit.
The initiator selects one SCSI device by specifying that SCSI ID, then specifies the LUN to select the peripheral device for input/output operation.
The IDD is constructed so that the whole volume of disk drive is a single logical unit, the selectable number of SCSI ID and LUN are as follows:
∙ |
SCSI ID: |
8-bit SCSI:Selectable from 0 to 7 (switch selectable) |
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16-bit SCSI:Selectable from 0 to 15 (switch selectable) |
∙ |
LUN: |
0 (fixed) |
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2.2SCSI Function Specifications
This chapter describes specifications of the IDD and the functional specifications of the SCSI.
2.1Hardware Specifications
Each model has a different data format and front panel type when shipped. (See Appendix D for the model name (type) and product number.)
The data format can be changed by reinitializing with the user's system.
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2.1.2Function specifications
Table 2.1 shows the function specifications of the IDD.
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Table 2.1 |
Function specifications |
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Item |
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Specification |
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MAA3182xx |
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MAB3091xx |
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MAB3045xx |
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MAC3091xx |
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MAC3045xx |
Formatted capacity/device (*1) |
18.2 GB |
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9.1 GB |
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4.55 GB |
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9.1 GB |
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4.55 GB |
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Unformatted capacity/device |
23.9 GB |
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11.9 GB |
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5.95 GB |
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11.8 GB |
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5.90 GB |
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Number of disks |
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10 |
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5 |
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3 |
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5 |
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3 |
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Number of heads |
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19 |
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10 |
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5 |
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10 |
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5 |
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Number of cylinders (*2) |
9,041 |
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8,491 |
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8,691 |
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Unformatted capacity/track |
81,920 to |
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85,504 to 126,976 |
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79,872 to 126,976 |
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126,976 |
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Number of rotations (rpm) |
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7,200±0.5% |
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10,033±0.5% |
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Average latency time |
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4.17 ms |
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2.99 ms |
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Seek time (*3) |
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Minimum |
0.9 ms (Read)/ |
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0.8 ms (Read)/ |
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(Read/Write) |
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1.1 ms (Write) |
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1.0 ms (Write) |
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Average |
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8.0 ms (Read)/ |
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7.5 ms (Read)/ |
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9.0 ms (Write) |
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8.5 ms (Write) |
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Maximum |
17.0 ms (Read)/ |
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16.0 ms (Read)/ |
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18.0 ms (Write) |
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17.0 ms (Write) |
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Start/stop time |
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Start time |
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30 s typ. (60 s max.) |
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(*4) |
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Stop time |
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30 s typ. |
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Recording mode |
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PR4ML |
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Recording density |
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121,000 to 159,000 bpi |
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116,093 to 159,084 bpi |
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Track density |
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9,620 TPI |
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9,200 TPI |
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External dimensions |
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Height |
41.3 mm |
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25.4 mm |
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Width |
101.6 mm |
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101.6 mm |
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Depth |
146.0 mm |
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146.0 mm |
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Weight |
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1.0 kg |
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0.65 kg |
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0.70 kg |
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Power |
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16bit-SCSI |
13 W |
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9 W |
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14 W |
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consumption (*5) |
Single-ended type |
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Interface |
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Fast SCSI |
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Cable length: 6 m max |
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Fast 20 SCSI |
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Cable length: 3 m max (*6) |
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Cable length: 1.5 m max (*7) |
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Data transfer |
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Disk drive |
12.3 to |
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13.2 to 19.5 MB/s |
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17.2 to 27.2 MB/s |
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rate (*8) |
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19.5 MB/s |
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SCSI |
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Asynchronous |
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12 MB/s max. |
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mode |
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Synchronous |
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40 MB/s max. |
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mode |
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Logical data block length (*1) |
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512 to 528 byte (Fixed length) |
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SCSI command specification |
ANSI X3.13-1986 and CCS (Rev. 4B) conformity |
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(SCSI-2 ANSI X3T9.2/86-109 Rev 10h) command support |
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SCSI-3 command partial support |
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Data buffer |
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512 KB FIFO ring buffer, multi-segment buffer: Segment |
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count 1 to 16, Read-ahead cache |
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(*1) The formatted capacity can be changed by changing the logical block length and using spare sector space. See Chapter 3 for the further information.
(*2) The number of user cylinders indicates the max., and includes the alternate cylinder. The number of user cylinders and alternate cylinders can be specified at format of the IDD.
(*3) The positioning time is as follows:
2000 4000 6000 80006 10000 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
MAA31xxxx MAB30xxxx/MAC30xxxx
(*4) The start time is the time from power on or start command to when the IDD is ready, and stop time is the time for disks to completely stop from power off or stop command.
(*5) This value indicates at ready mode.
(*6) Up to 4 SCSI devices having capacitance of 25pF or less can use cable length of up to 3.0 m.
(*7) 5 to 8 SCSI devices having capacitance of 25pF or less can use cable length of up to 1.5 m.
(*8) The maximum data transfer rate may be restricted to the response speed of initiator and by transmission characteristics.
(*9) The terminator power pin (SCSI connector) which supplies power to other terminators is not used.
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