Freecom LTO-4 hardware integration
HP LTO Ultrium tape drives
technical reference manual
LTO4 FC, SCSI and SAS drives
volume 1: hardware integration
Edition 1, June 2007
HP restricted
Legal and notice information
© Copyright 2005–2007 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Hewlett-Packard Company makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or
for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
This document contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. No part of this document may be photocopied,
reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior written consent of Hewlett-Packard. The information is provided
“as is” without warranty of any kind and is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and services are
set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as
constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.
Revision history
Version Edition Date Changes
LTO 4 Edition 1 June 2007 LTO4 drives
This document is frequently revised and updated. To find out if there is a later version, please ask your HP OEM Representative.
HP LTO Ultrium 4 drives technical reference manual, volume 1: hardware integration
HP restricted
Contents
Related documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Related documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Documentation map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Drives—general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Installation and configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Maintenance and troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Dealing with errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
LTO Ultrium features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
General documents and standardization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1 LTO Ultrium drives in libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Backup software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Front panel for automation use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Front panel for use in autoloaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Installing drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Airflow requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Measuring internal drive temperatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Electrical fit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Rear panel and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Fixing dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Bottom panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Side panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Operating drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Resetting drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Forced eject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Cleaning issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2 Using special features in libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Automation and drive interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Automation Control Interface (ACI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Automation/Drive Interface (ADI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Configuring autoload and library-controlled loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Cartridge positions during load and unload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
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Load scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Load forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Using Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Use in libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Current libraries — barcodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
More information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3 Drives in tape arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Installing drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Identifying the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Modes of usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Attaching to Fibre Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Attaching to SCSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Attaching to SAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Appropriate HP rack-mount systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Airflow requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Setting the SCSI ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Inserting a drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Connecting to a Fibre Channel router or by SCSI/SAS to a server or router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Fibre Channel connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Server SCSI connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Server SAS connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Replacing a drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Removing a drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Installing a new drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Operating the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Front panel features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Reset switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Loading a cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Unloading a cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Cleaning the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Emergency unload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Problems with the host computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Problems with the drive and cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4 Internal drives in servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Installing an internal drive into a server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Identifying the model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Standards and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Mounting requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Airflow and cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
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Server connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Fixing dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Bottom panel, full-height internal drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Side panel, full-height internal drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Connecting the drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Fibre Channel connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
SCSI connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
SAS connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Backup software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Operating the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Front panel features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Reset switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Loading a cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Unloading a cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Cleaning the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Emergency unload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Diagnosing the problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Problems with the host computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Problems with the drive and cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5 External standalone drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Identifying the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Connecting the drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
SCSI connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Setting the SCSI ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
SAS Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Moving drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Operating the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Front panel features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Reset switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Loading a cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Unloading a cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Rear panel LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Cleaning the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Emergency unload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Problems with the host computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Problems with the drive and cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
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6 Front panel and LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Usual meaning of LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Other LED patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
During firmware upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Replacing the front panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Parts needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Replacing the front panel on an full-height LTO Ultrium drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
7 Rear panel LEDs, connectors and switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
LEDs (Fibre Channel drives only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Power-on self-test failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Port initialized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Port activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Fibre Channel addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
SCSI connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Fibre Channel connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
SAS connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Automation Device/Interface (ADI) connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Connector pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
8 Modes of usage and optimizing performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Modes of usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Direct Attach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Network Attach (LAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Storage Area Network (SAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Optimizing performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Dedicated SCSI bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
System performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Data transfer rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Performance checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
9 Cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Choosing cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Labeling cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Write-protecting cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Cartridge life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Caring for cartridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Avoiding condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Conditions in use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Conditions in storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Maximizing tape life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
LTO Cartridge Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
LTO Cartridge Memory issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
10Drive error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Generic module (from 0000h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Automation Control Interface (from 0400h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6
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Buffer manager (from 0800h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Diagnostic control (from 1800h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Drive control (from 1C00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Drive monitor (from 2000h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
External interfaces (from 2400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Front panel interface (from 2800h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Host interface (from 2C01h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Logical formatter (from 3000h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Logical media (from 3400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Logical pipeline control (from 3800h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Mechanism control (from 3C00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Non-volatile data manager (from 4000h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Operating system (from 4400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Physical formatter (from 4C00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Physical pipeline control (from 5000h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Physical side error recovery (from 5400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Read/write control (from 5800h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
System architecture (from 6400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Tight integ (from 6800h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Trace logger (from 6C00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Mechanical interface (from 7400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Exception handler (from 7800h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
SPI interface (from 7C01h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Cartridge Memory (from 8000h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Fault log manager section (from 8400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Infrastructure section (from 8800h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Critical section (from 8C00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
SCSI module (from 9400h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Automation/Drive Interface (from 9800h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
HP LTO Ultrium 4 drives technical reference manual, volume 1: hardware integration 7
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8
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Related documents
This is one of five volumes that document HP LTO Ultrium drives. This volume provides hardware
integration information for the following products:
• HP LTO Ultrium 4 full-height Fibre Channel tape drives
• HP LTO Ultrium 4 full-height SCSI tape drives
• HP LTO Ultrium 4 full-height SAS tape drives
The following documents provide additional information:
Related documents
Documents specific to HP LTO Ultrium drives
• Software Integration Guide, volume 2 of the HP LTO Ultrium Technical Reference Manual
• Host Interface Guide, volume 3 of the HP LTO Ultrium Technical Reference Manual
• Specifications, volume 4 of the HP LTO Ultrium Technical Reference Manual
• UNIX, Linux and OpenVMS Configuration Guide, volume 5 of the HP LTO Ultrium Technical
Reference Manual
Please contact your HP supplier for copies.
• The features and benefits of HP LTO Ultrium drives are discussed in the HP LTO Ultrium
Technology White Paper.
• For a general background to LTO technology and licensing, go to
http://www.lto-technology.com
.
Documentation map
The following will help you locate information in the Technical Reference Manual. A reference like
“
1 HW Integration: ch. 7” means Volume 1, Hardware Integration Guide, of the HP LTO Ultrium
Technical Reference Manual, chapter 7.
Drives—general
Connectors
Front panel LEDs
Specifications
Installation and configuration
Connectors
Determining the configuration
External drives
HP LTO Ultrium 4 drives technical reference manual, volume 1: hardware integration 9
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
1 HW Integration: ch. 4 1 HW Integration: ch. 7
1 HW Integration: ch. 3 1 HW Integration: ch. 6
4 Specifications
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
1 HW Integration: ch. 4 1 HW Integration: ch. 7
2 SW Integration: ch. 2
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 5
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In libraries
In servers
In tape arrays
Linux configuration
Modes of usage
OpenVMS configuration
Optimizing performance
UNIX configuration
Operation
External drives
In libraries
In servers
In tape arrays
Cartridges
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
1 HW Integration: ch. 1
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 4
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 3 n/a
5 UNIX, Linux, OpenVMS Configuration
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 8 n/a
5 UNIX, Linux, OpenVMS Configuration
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 8 n/a
2 SW Integration: ch. 4
5 UNIX, Linux, OpenVMS Configuration
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 5
1 HW Integration: ch. 1
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 4
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 3 n/a
Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM)
Cartridges
Managing the use of cartridges
Use of cartridges
Interface
FC, SCSI and SAS host interface guide
Commands
Error codes
Implementation
Interpreting sense data
Messages
Mode pages
—see the MODE SENSE command
10
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
2 SW Integration: ch. 5
1 HW Integration: ch. 5 1 HW Integration: ch. 9
2 SW Integration: ch. 1
2 SW Integration: ch. 3
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
3 Host Interface
3 Host Interface: ch. 5
1 HW Integration: ch. 6 1 HW Integration: ch. 10
3 Host Interface: ch. 1
2 SW Integration: ch. 3
3 Host Interface: ch. 2
3 Host Interface: ch. 5
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Pre-execution checks
Responding to sense keys and ASC/Q
Sense keys and ASC/Q
—see REQUEST SENSE command
Task management functions
Maintenance and troubleshooting
Cleaning
External drives
In libraries
In servers
In tape arrays
Monitoring drive and tape condition
Software troubleshooting techniques
Dealing with errors
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
3 Host Interface: ch. 4
2 SW Integration: ch. 6
3 Host Interface: ch. 5
n/a 3 Host Interface: ch. 3
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
2 SW Integration: ch. 5
2 SW Integration: ch. 7
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 5
1 HW Integration: ch. 1
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 4
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 3 n/a
2 SW Integration: ch. 7
2 SW Integration: ch. 1
Error codes
Handling errors
Logs—see the LOG SENSE command
Recovering from write and read errors
Software response to error correction
Software response to logs
TapeAlert log
LTO Ultrium features
Autoload
Automation Control Interface (ACI)
Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM)
Data compression, managing
OBDR and CD-ROM emulation
HP LTO Ultrium 4 drives technical reference manual, volume 1: hardware integration 11
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
1 HW Integration: ch. 6 1 HW Integration: ch. 10
2 SW Integration: ch. 5
3 Host Interface: ch. 4
2 SW Integration: ch. 7
2 SW Integration: ch. 3
2 SW Integration: ch. 3
2 SW Integration: ch. 7
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
1 HW Integration: ch. 2
1 HW Integration: ch. 2
1 HW Integration: ch. 2
2 SW Integration: ch. 5
2 SW Integration: ch. 5
2 SW Integration: ch. 7
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FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
Performance optimization
n/a 1 HW Integration: ch. 8
Performance, factors affecting
Software design
Supporting LTO Ultrium features
General documents and standardization
See http://www.t10.org/t10_main.htm for INCITS SCSI Primary Commands—3 (SPC-3), SCSI
Streaming Commands (SSC-3) and other specifications
Copies of documents of other standards bodies can be obtained from:
2 SW Integration: ch. 1
2 SW Integration: ch. 4
2 SW Integration: ch. 1
2 SW Integration: ch. 5
INCITS
ISO
ECMA
Global Engineering
Documents
11 West 42nd Street
New York,
NY 10036-8002
USA
CP 56
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
114 Rue du Rhône
CH-1204 Geneva
Switzerland
2805 McGaw
Irvine, CA 92714
USA
Tel: +41 22 849 6000
Web URL: http://www.ecma.ch
Tel: 800 854 7179 or 714 261 1455
12
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1 LTO Ultrium drives in libraries
Introduction
This chapter contains information that relates to placing an HP LTO Ultrium drive in an automated
device, such as an autochanger or a tape library:
• Drives for use in libraries have different front panels from drives mounted individually in servers
and standalone drives. There is also a special front panel for use in autoloaders. These are
described on page 14.
• For notes on the requirements and other details for the installation of drives into libraries, see
page 16.
• For notes on the operation of drives in libraries, see page 20.
• For troubleshooting information, see page 22.
Chapter 2 contains information about using special features of LTO Ultrium drives in libraries:
• The “Automation and drive interface” (ACI/ADI) allows the activities of the drive to be
coordinated within a library. See page 25 for details.
• “Configuring autoload and library-controlled loads” on page 27 allows you to configure
whether automatic or ACI-controlled loads and unloads occur.
• LTO Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM) or Cartridge Memory is EEPROM memory that is embedded in
every LTO Ultrium tape cartridge. It is non-volatile and is contactless in that it is read by RF
coupling rather than electrical contact.
• For suggestions of how to make use of cartridge memory in libraries, see “Using Cartridge
Memory (LTO-CM)” on page 30.
Backup software
You need backup application software that supports your LTO Ultrium drive and tape library.
Suitable backup applications will include driver software that establishes the interface between the
tape drive and the software. Applications usually recognize tape drives by their manufacturers’ ID
string rather than their model numbers, so check the following table for the appropriate reference.
Drive Model ID String
LTO 4 FC drive “HP Ultrium 4-SCSI”
LTO 4 SCSI drive “HP Ultrium 4-SCSI”
LTO 4 SAS drive “HP Ultrium 4-SCSI”
HP LTO Ultrium 4 drives technical reference manual, volume 1: hardware integration 13
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Front panel for automation use
eject button
diagnostic
port access
holestoactas
targets for optical
position sensors
access to emergency reset button
lights
guides to assist with loading
and unloading cartridge
The automation front panel has the following features:
• There is an eject button for manually ejecting a cartridge. Press this for approximately ten
seconds to start a “forced eject” for recovering a cartridge manually. See page 22 for details.
• Indicator LEDs provide a visible indicator of the state of health of the drive. See Chapter 6 on
page 69 for details.
• There is no door. Instead there are two fixed guides to guide the cartridge into the drive.
• There is access to a proprietary serial HP LTO diagnostics port. To access this port via RS232
requires an HP LTO Diagnostics Interface Card. Diagnostic information from the drive such as
power-on hours, tape-pulling hours, error codes, and firmware trace-logs can be accessed by
connecting to the serial communications port on a computer. Please contact HP for further details
on this diagnostics port.
• The indent for a label on the left just under the cartridge opening is left blank, exposing two
holes. These can be used to provide a target for the optical position sensor of a library picker.
• There are additional holes around the cartridge opening to allow a throat to be fitted if
necessary, to help the smooth loading of cartridges.
Front panel for use in autoloaders
A special front panel is available for autoloader applications where the autoloader conforms to a
2U product height. The front panel fits within the drive form factor in height and width:
LTO Ultrium drives in libraries14
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The autoloader front panel has the following features:
guides to assist with loading
and unloading cartridge
access to datum
surface on the front
of the drive
access to
eject switch
access to
emergency
reset button
lights
access to diagnostic port
• Simple one-piece plastic design
• Pinhole access to the eject switch on the drive for manually ejecting a cartridge. Press this for
approximately ten seconds to start a “forced eject” for recovering a cartridge manually. See
page 22 for details.
• Indicator LEDs provide a visible indicator of the state of health of the drive. See Chapter 6 for
details. The LEDs are viewed through holes in the autoloader front panel; no light pipes are
present.
• Access to a proprietary serial HP LTO diagnostics port. To access this port via RS232 requires an
HP LTO Diagnostics Interface Card. Diagnostic information from the drive such as power-on
hours, tape-pulling hours, error codes, and firmware trace-logs can be accessed by connecting
to the serial communications port on a computer. Please contact HP for further details.
• Clearance for picker finger access to the right-side cartridge-handling notch
• Two square holes through the panel to provide access to a datum surface on the front of the
drive
• Cartridge lead-in features to improve cartridge load and unload operations
HP LTO Ultrium 4 drives technical reference manual, volume 1: hardware integration 15
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Installing drives
Airflow requirements
HP LTO Ultrium drives require forced airflow from front to back and, in the case of full-height drives,
from back to front provided it does not exceed critical temperatures.
The required flow depends on the ambient air temperature:
• 6 cfm for ambient air temperatures fluctuating in the range 10°C–35°C.
• 8 cfm for ambient air temperatures fluctuating in the range 10°C–40°C.
Measuring internal drive temperatures
FC and SCSI drives
The recommended method of measuring the temperature of critical components is to read the “Max
temperature since cartridge loaded” after exercising the drive by writing data at the maximum data
rate for a period of at least one hour. This temperature correlates closely with the temperature of the
most critical ICs.
If the airflow is adequate, the maximum temperature at the sensor should be no more than 20°C
above ambient.
The maximum temperature at the sensor should be:
• <31°C above ambient for 40°C maximum temperature ambient environment
• <36°C above ambient for 35°C maximum temperature ambient environment
This equates to:
• <71°C at 40°C ambient (8 cfm airflow)
• <71°C at 35°C ambient (6 cfm airflow)
Extracting internal temperature information
You can extract the “Max temperature since cartridge loaded” reading via the main interface or via
the ACI/ADI send_scsi command as follows:
1. Send a
1D 10 00 00 08 00
93 00 00 04 00 00 20 2A
2. Send a
1C 01 93 00 44 00
3. The “Max temperature since cartridge loaded” value is ASCII encoded in bytes 22–29 of the
incoming data.
Example SCSI trace:
SendDiagnostic |1D 11 00 00 08 00 |00008|00|00|
ReceiveDiagResults |1C 01 93 01 00 00 |0009C|00|00|
LTO Ultrium drives in libraries16
SEND DIAGNOSTICS command with the following data out:
RECEIVE DIAGNOSTICS command:
Data Out |93 00 00 04 00 00 20 2A |
Data In |93 00 00 98 30 30 30 30 31 41 31 32 20 30 30 30 |
Data In |30 31 41 31 32 20 30 30 30 30 31 41 37 34 20 30 |
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Data In |30 30 30 31 39 31 37 20 0D 0A 30 30 30 30 30 30 |
Data In |30 30 20 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 20 30 30 30 30 |
Data In |33 32 30 30 20 30 30 30 30 30 35 30 30 20 0D 0A |
Data In |46 46 46 46 38 30 30 30 20 46 46 46 46 38 30 30 |
Data In |30 20 46 46 46 46 38 30 30 30 20 46 46 46 46 38 |
Data In |30 30 30 20 0D 0A 46 46 46 46 38 30 30 30 20 46 |
Data In |46 46 46 38 30 30 30 20 30 30 30 30 30 35 30 30 |
Data In |20 30 30 30 30 30 35 30 30 20 0D 0A |
4. Translate each character received from ASCI to hex numbers.
For the example above: 30 30 30 30 31 41 37 34 = 00001A74h
5. Convert this number to decimal = 6772
6. Divide this number by 256 to give the temperature in °C = 26.45°C
FC and SCSI drives
A method for approximating the air flow for LTO Ultrium drives is to use the drive’s Primary
Temperature Sensor (PTS).
1. Exercise the drive by writing data at the maximum data rate for a period of at least 45 minutes.
2. Find the PTS reading as in the previous section, ”Extracting internal temperature information”.
3. Subtract the ambient air temperature in which the drive was run from this PTS temperature.
4. Use this temperature rise above ambient to find the required air flow for the drive using the
following graph. Because of variations in the temperature sensor (PTS) reading between drives,
you are recommended to average readings from four different drives to obtain the best results.
50
45
SCSI drives
Airflow from
frontto back
Fibre Channel drives
40
35
Airflow from
backtofront
30
Temperature above ambient(ºC)
25
20
–9
–7
–8
–5
–6
–3
–4
–2 –1
0
12
3
5
4
678
9
Airflow(cfm)
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Electrical fit
NOTE: SAS drives should be powered from the normal rear panel connector, not through the
power part of the SAS connector.
The drive is specified to operate at 5V±5% and 12V±10%. Voltage and current requirement are as
follows:
Full-height drives
Specification 5V 12V 5V 12V 5V 12V
Max voltage 5.25V 13.2V 5.25V 13.2V 5.25V 13.2V
Min voltage 4.75V 10.8V 4.75V 10.8V 4.75V 10.8V
Max steady-state current 4.2A 0.75A TBD*A TBDA TBD*A TBDA
Max transient current 4.5A 2.5A TBD*A TBDA TBD*A TBDA
Max steady-state power 21W 9W TBDW TBDW TBDW TBDW
Max transient power 22.5W 30W TBDW TBDW TBDW TBDW
Max noise/ripple 150 mVpp 150 mVpp TBD mVpp TBD mVpp TBD mVpp TBD mVpp
Rear panel and connectors
FC Drives SCSI Drives SAS Drives
CAUTION: LTO Ultrium tape drives are not installable or replaceable by end-users, so the
attachment or removal of FC, SCSI, SAS, power and ADI cables between the tape drive and the
tape library should only be carried out be service-trained personnel authorized by the tape library
supplier. The connectors are not field upgradeable.
The rear panel contains the connectors that allow the tape drive to communicate with the tape
library and host computer system. The panel includes the following connectors:
On all drives:
• Power connector
A standard 4-pin power connector used to supply the 5V and 12V power the tape drive.
• ADI connector (for automation use)
For details of the ADI connector, see page 80. For details of the use of the ADI connector in
libraries see ”Automation/Drive Interface (ADI)” on page 26.
• Diagnostic Serial port connector
The proprietary serial HP LTO diagnostic port. To access this port via RS232 requires an HP LTO
Diagnostic Interface Card. Diagnostic information from the drive can be accessed by connecting
to the serial communications port on a computer. Contact HP for further details on this diagnostic
port and its function.
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On Fibre Channel drives:
• Fibre Channel connectors
Two Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) duplex-LC fibre channel transceivers. Depending on the
specific configuration, only one SFP FC transceiver may be installed. For details see page 80.
• AL_PA connector
A 2x7-pin auxiliary connector used to set a specific Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL_PA).
Two pairs of pins can also be used to power remote transceiver status LEDs. For details see
”Fibre Channel addressing” on page 78.
On SCSI drives:
• SCSI connector
A standard 68-pin high-density SCSI connector. The SCSI cables may be installed in a
daisy-chain configuration linking two or more LTO Ultrium tape drives on the same SCSI bus.
• SCSI address connector
A 12-pin auxiliary connector used to set the SCSI ID. Each device on the SCSI bus must have a
unique SCSI ID set by the SCSI address connector or by the tape library.
On SAS drives:
• A standard internal SAS connector
An HP LTO4 SAS tape drive should be powered from the normal power connector and not
through the power port of the SAS connector. The power port on the SAS connector is not
connected to the tape drive.
Fixing dimensions
The positions of fixing points are shown below.
The recommended screw length depends on the thickness of the rails or enclosure into which the
drive is mounted:
Server or Rail Thickness Recommended Screw Length
> 1.5 mm ≤ 2.0mm M3 x 6.0mm
> 1.0 mm ≤ 1.5 mm M3 x 6.0 mm
≤ 1.0mm M3 x 5.0mm
All screws should be M3 threaded. Do not use spring washers.
The recommended mounting torque is 6.0 ±0.5 in-lbs (60–70 N/cm).
HP recommends 0.3 mm mounting clearance around all covers for isolation mounting movement.
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Bottom panel
Side panel
Operating drives
Drives installed in a tape library are controlled through the tape library operator panel. Refer to the
tape library documentation for details.
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Cleaning
When the drive needs cleaning, the orange ‘Clean’ LED on the tape drive will flash. Only insert an
HP Ultrium Universal cleaning cartridge into the tape drive when the LED flashes.
The tape drive also tells the automation controller that a cleaning tape needs to be used via the ADI
connector.
See ”Automation and drive interface” on page 25 for details of ACI commands.
CAUTION: Only use LTO Ultrium Universal cleaning cartridges with HP LTO Ultrium tape drives. Do
not use swabs or other means of cleaning the heads.
To clean the heads:
NOTE: HP recommends that you use the HP LTO Ultrium Universal cleaning cartridge C7978A
(Orange).
LTO Ultrium Universal cleaning cartridges can be used up to 50 times.
1. Insert a cleaning cartridge into the drive. The tape drive automatically loads the cartridge and
2. Remove the cleaning cartridge from the drive.
cleans the heads.
If the cleaning cartridge ejects or returns to the ready-to-eject position immediately with the Tape
Error LED on, it has expired or it is not an LTO Ultrium Universal cleaning cartridge (or is an
older unsupported LTO Ultrium 1 cleaning cartridge). In this case, discard the cleaning cartridge
and repeat the operation with a new one.
The cleaning cycle can take up to 3 minutes, during which the orange ‘Clean’ LED will be on
steadily and the green ‘Ready’ LED will flash. When it has finished, the drive ejects the cartridge
or returns the cartridge to the ready-to-eject position.
Resetting drives
The tape drive can be reset by the automation controller via the ADI connector or by pulling the
ACI_RST_L line low (see page 80).
There are two levels of reset via the ADI connector:
• ACI reset—resets the ACI port and all Fibre Channel, SCSI or SAS ports
• Drive reset—equivalent to a power-on reset
Either reset method will interrupt the interface between the drive and host. A reset may result in no
End of Data mark being written. As a result, it is strongly recommended that a reset command is not
sent unless all other recovery methods have failed. Note that certain automation commands (Load,
Unload, Set Drive Configuration, Reset and Set Baud Rate) can be queued behind outstanding SCSI
commands giving the impression that the drive has stopped responding over the ADI connector. (All
command packages will be still be ack’ed even though the command will be queued.)
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Following a Reset command with reset control set to Drive Reset or after pulling the ACI_RST_L line
low, the drive will behave as if it has powered up and will go off bus and lose all ADI connector
configurations.
An FCP reset will not affect the ACI interface.
Note that following an upgrade of the drive firmware, the drive will be reset as if it had been
powered up.
Troubleshooting
If you experience problems when using your tape drive within an automation environment, you need
to isolate the cause of the problem. For example, if you have just installed a new SCSI host bus
adapter in your host system and your system will not start, the cause of the problem is likely to be the
adapter.
The first step in problem-solving is establishing whether the problem lies with the cartridge, the drive,
the tape library, the host computer and its connections, the operating system or backup application
on the host, or operator error.
Please refer to troubleshooting information provided with the tape library, the host or the backup
software if the problem seems to lie in one of these areas.
If none of the following advice helps you solve the problem, contact your tape library supplier.
Diagnostics
HP LTO Ultrium tape drives continuously monitor and gather information such as tape-pulling hours,
power-on hours, usage information on cartridges, firmware trace-logs, and error logs. These can be
used to aid health checks and diagnosis in cases of failure. Data can be extracted via:
• The main host interface
• The ADI connector
• The serial diagnostics port using a proprietary serial interface application.
Contact HP for a copy of the Diagnostics Extraction Guide on extracting and interpreting the
information.
Interpreting the LEDs on individual drives
HP LTO Ultrium tape drives have four LEDs on the front. See Chapter 6 on page 69.
Forced eject
If a cartridge fails to eject using the normal unload procedure, press and hold the Eject button for
10 seconds. This instructs the drive mechanics to perform an emergency unload. Wait for the
cartridge to be ejected. This may take up to 15 minutes (the maximum rewind time).
If the cartridge is still jammed, press the emergency reset button (see page 14) or perform an
emergency reset by pressing and holding the Eject button for 20 seconds. The drive will reset when
you release the button. Wait for the drive to reset and get back to the loaded position. This may take
up to 15 minutes. Again press and hold the Eject button for 10 seconds to perform a second forced
eject and emergency unload.
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Cleaning issues
Use the following table to resolve cleaning problems:
Problem Solution
Recurring cleaning
message.
A brand new data cartridge
is used, and the library
operator panel indicates
that cleaning is required.
The cleaning cartridge is
ejected immediately after
loading.
Clean the drive with an LTO Universal Cleaning Cartridge as
instructed in the tape library documentation. If the message
reappears, replace the cleaning cartridge with a new one.
If the message reappears when a particular data cartridge is used,
verify that the data cartridge is readable by clearing the message
and reading the tape again.
If the data cartridge can be read, back up the data to another
cartridge and then discard the damaged one.
Clean the outside of the data cartridge with a barely damp, clean,
lint-free cloth. Clean the drive as instructed by your tape library
documentation.
If the operator panel indicates cleaning is required within a short
period of time, replace the data cartridge.
Make sure that you are using an approved LTO Ultrium Universal
cleaning cartridge and that the cleaning cartridge is not expired.
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2 Using special features in libraries
Introduction
This chapter contains information that relates to placing an HP LTO Ultrium drive in an automated
device, such as an autochanger or a tape library.
• The “Automation and drive interface” described below allows the activities of the drive to be
coordinated within a library.
• “Configuring autoload and library-controlled loads” on page 27 tells you how to configure
whether automatic or library-controlled loads and unloads occur.
• “Using Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM)” on page 30 describes the EEPROM embedded in every
LTO Ultrium tape cartridge, part of which is available for use by applications.
Drives for inclusion in automated devices have different front panels from individual drives.
Automation and drive interface
The interface between the tape drive and the library will support both the Automation Control
Interface (ACI) and the Automation/Device Interface (ADI) standards. Typically the interface support
will be an OEM selection. For convenience, the connector is referred to as the ADI Connector in this
manual.
NOTE: ADI is covered by two T10 standards:
• For ADT: ANSI INCITS 406-2005
• For ADC: ANSI INCITS 403-2005
Automation Control Interface (ACI)
The Automation Control Interface (ACI) allows the activities of the drive to be coordinated within a
library. The protocol has been designed so that it can be made into a standard feature of tape
drives. It provides a rich and extensible functionality to allow automation manufactures to add value
in their application of it.
The interface is a serial bus with additional control lines, designed to connect the LTO Ultrium tape
drive to an automation controller in a tape library. Each tape drive position has a separate
automation controller. The ADI RS-422 serial port on the rear of the drive allows for ACI connection.
The ACI protocol provides the following fundamental functions:
• Coordinating the automation controller and the tape drive for Load and Unload operations
• Allowing the automation controller to retrieve information from the tape drive
• Setting tape drive configuration information
In addition, the following functions may be supported depending on the way that the tape library is
configured:
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• Providing upload and download of firmware images
• Providing access to the contents of the Cartridge Memory
• Providing a protocol for passing SCSI commands from the host to the tape drive
• Providing a protocol for passing SCSI commands from the host to the library (Surrogate SCSI)
NOTE: These notes refer to the “standard” automation drive variant.
For details of using ACI commands and the ACI protocol, see Chapter 5 of the Software Integration
Guide, volume 2 of the HP LTO Ultrium Technical Reference Manual.
Automation/Drive Interface (ADI)
The INCITS T10 (SCSI) committee has a working group devoted to the development of a common
Automation-Drive Interface (ADI). ADI consists of two standards:
• Automation/Drive Interface—Commands (ADC), ANSI INCITS 406-2005, which specifies the
SCSI command set used over ADI.
• Automation/Drive Interface—Transport Protocol (ADT), ANSI INCITS 403-2005, which specifies
a transport protocol for ADI.
The drive operates in either ACI or ADI mode. It is not possible to interleave ACI and ADI
commands because they are handled very differently. The drive defaults to ACI mode after a
power-on or hard reset. The Automation Controller can then instruct the tape drive to switch to ADI
mode by sending a Port Login frame under the following conditions:
1. No ACI commands are outstanding. This not only means that the tape drive must have received
acknowledgement for all responses to all ACI commands received, but also that all immediate
response commands have also finished. For example, if an Automation Controller initiates an
immediate response Load command (see section 5.3 of ACI specification), it cannot issue an
ADI command until the tape drive has finished physically loading the cartridge. If an ACI
command is outstanding when an ADI frame is received the drive will transmit an ACI <NAK>
character in response.
2. An Encoded ADI frame received when the tape drive is in ACI Mode must not exceed the
Receive Buffer size (see section 5.16 of the ACI Specification for details) and the frame must be
received within the ACI Transmission Period (see section 4.6.6.3.2 of the ACI Specification). If
either of these conditions is exceeded the tape drive will transmit a <NAK> character.
3. ADI frames received in ACI Mode must be Port Login frames otherwise the tape drive will revert
to ACI Mode after transmitting the appropriate ADI response.
4. The ADI protocol must be enabled; see the Set Drive Configuration command (section 5.6 of the
ACI Specification) for details. If the tape drive receives an ADI frame when the ADI protocol has
been disabled the drive will transmit a <NAK> character.
When the tape drive is in ADI Mode it will not acknowledge or respond to any ACI command until
the ADI port becomes logged out, either with an explicit Port Logout frame or an ADI Reset.
When the tape drive transitions from one mode to the other (ACI to ADI or ADI to ACI) it will not
implicitly change the drive’s configuration. However, Automation/Drive Interface [ADC] SCSI mode
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parameters only apply when the tape drive is in ADI Mode, so the tape drive behavior may change
after transitioning between the two modes.
HP recommends that the drive is used in either exclusively ACI or ADI modes of operation. Avoid
mixing operation of the two modes.
Configuring autoload and library-controlled loads
HP LTO Ultrium tape drives can be configured so that loads either occur automatically or under the
control of the library. A SCSI
is byte 5, bits 0–2 of the Control Mode page, 0Ah.
If the Autoload field = 0, Autoload is set and the drive automatically loads a cartridge when it is
inserted and threads the tape so that it is ready for use.
MODE SELECT command can set the Autoload field to do this. The field
If the Autoload field = 1 or 2, the drive pulls the cartridge into the drive but does
tape. In this position, the LTO-Cartridge Memory can be read. The drive requires a Load command
to thread the tape and make it ready for use.
Cartridge positions during load and unload
The following diagrams show the positions of importance during load and unload.
not thread the
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Full-height drives
50 mm
5 mm
10 mm
5 mm
eject point
load point1
load point2
cartridge present point
SCALE 25%&50%
Eject Point Cartridges are ejected to this point. It is 20.9 mm beyond the front panel
and 26.1 mm beyond the front of the mechanism. The position tolerance is
±1 mm. The automation controller cannot configure the location of this
position.
Load Point 1 If Autoload is set (Autoload field = 0), the drive will start to load the
cartridge when it reaches this point.
If Autoload is not set (Autoload field = 1 or 2), the library must insert the
cartridge into the drive to a position between Load Point 1 and Load Point 2
and preferably closer to Load Point 1. The library can then issue a Load
command via the ADI connector to instruct the drive to load and thread the
cartridge.
Load Point 2 The maximum distance a cartridge can be inserted for optimal loading
There is one other point of note, the ready-to-eject position. If Auto-Eject is not set then when an
unload command is received by the drive, the tape will be rewound and unthreaded. The drive will
then wait at this point until it is commanded to eject the cartridge by the ACI Unload command.
Load scenarios
The following scenarios describe the operation during the various types of load.
Load scenario 1: Autoload
1. The library sends a Set Configuration command to enable Autoload. This is only necessary after
a drive power-on.
2. The host sends a Move Medium command to the robotics.
Using special features in libraries28
The maximum speed for inserting a cartridge into the drive is 80 mm/s.
Load Point 1 is the recommended minimum load point for commanded
loads. It is 15 mm beyond the front panel with a –2 mm tolerance.
performance, so that autoload or a Load command can load the cartridge. It
is 5 mm beyond the front panel. The automation controller cannot configure
the location of this position.
The maximum speed for inserting a cartridge into the drive is 80 mm/s.
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3. The picker gets a cartridge from a storage slot.
4. The picker inserts the cartridge into the drive aperture.
5. The picker pushes the cartridge to at least Load Point 1.
6. The drive automatically takes the cartridge, loads it and threads it.
Load scenario 2: Library controlled
1. The host sends a Move Medium command to the robotics.
2. The picker gets a cartridge from a storage slot.
3. The picker inserts the cartridge to between Load Point 1 and Load Point 2.
4. The picker lets go of the cartridge.
5. The library sends a Load command to the drive.
6. The drive takes the cartridge, then loads and threads it.
Unload scenario 1: Autoload
1. The library sends a Set Configuration command to enable Auto-Eject. This is only necessary after
a drive power-on.
2. The host sends an Unload command to the tape drive.
3. The drive rewinds, unthreads and ejects the cartridge to Eject Point.
4. The host sends a Move Medium command to the robotics.
5. The picker takes the cartridge from the tape drive and places it in its storage slot.
Unload scenario 2: Library controlled
1. The host sends an Unload command to the drive.
2. The drive rewinds and unthreads the tape. It then pauses with the cartridge at ready-to-eject
position.
3. The library sends an Unload command to eject the cartridge.
4. The drive ejects the tape to Eject Point.
5. The picker takes the cartridge from drive and places it in its storage slot.
Load forces
The unload force is 4.45N maximum; this is the force that an external mechanism must exert to
remove a fully ejected cartridge from the drive.
The load force varies according to the speed at which the cartridge is inserted into the drive. The
peak load force occurs when the cartridge begins to accelerate the drive carrier and only lasts for a
short time. The following graph plots examples of peak load force against load speed:
Figure 1 Peak load force versus load speed
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Using Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM)
Linear Tape Open—Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM) is an EEPROM that is embedded in every LTO
Ultrium tape cartridge. It is non-volatile and is contactless in that it is read by inductive coupling
rather than electrical contact.
The Cartridge Memory is used to store the tape directory and diagnostic and log information.
Because of the speed at which it can be read, load and unload times are reduced, information is
found on the tape more quickly and fewer tape passes are needed, increasing tape reliability.
The memory is primarily designed to speed up internal operations in the drive, but it also contains
free space that can be used by application software. This may be used to store “common”
information (shared by all software vendors) and “vendor-unique” information (specific to the
application).
Hosts can use this free space using the SCSI Write Attribute and Read Attribute commands. For
information on these commands, see Chapter 4 of Interface Guide, Volume 3 of this HP LTO Ultrium
Technical Reference Manual.
To support CM fully, software vendors should ensure that their company names are registered with
ANSI T10 or the National Committee for Information Technology Standards (NCITS) as they are
now known. The list of Vendor IDs is displayed at http://www.t10.org/lists/vid-alph.htm
also contains details of how to get a new name assigned.
Cartridge Memory adheres to the Media Auxiliary Memory (MAM) standard. “MAM” indicates
that the access method applies to all types of media, not just LTO Ultrium.
The MAM standard provides for the storage and access of information held as a set of pre-defined
and user-definable attributes that are divided into six main sections:
, which
• Media Common Section—hard-coded by the media manufacturer.
For example: manufacturer’s name, cartridge serial number, length, media type
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