High pressure liquids and gases are potentially hazardous. Energy stored in these liquids and gases
can be released unexpectedly and with extreme force. High pressure systems should be assembled
and operated only by personnel who have been instructed in proper safety practices.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of DH Instruments, Inc.
4765 East Beautiful Lane Phoenix Arizona 85044-5318 USA.
DH Instruments makes sincere efforts to ensure the accuracy and quality of its published materials; however, no warranty,
expressed or implied, is provided. DH Instruments disclaims any responsibility or liability for any direct or indirect damages
resulting from the use of the information in this manual or products described in it. Mention of any product or brand does not
constitute an endorsement by DH Instruments of that product or brand. This manual was originally composed in English and was
subsequently translated into other languages. The fidelity of the translation cannot be guaranteed. In case of conflict between the
English version and other language versions, the English version predominates.
DH Instruments, DH, DHI, PG7000, PG7102, PG7202, PG7302, PG7601, CalTool and COMPASS are trademarks, registered and
otherwise, of DH Instruments, Inc.
Swagelok is a registered trademark of the Swagelok Company.
Krytox is a registered trademark of the Dupont de Nemours Company.
Products described in this manual are manufactured under international patents and one or more of the following U.S.
patents: 5,142,483, 5,257,640, 5,331,838, 5,445,035. Other U.S. and international patents pending.
1.2.3 MASS SETS...................................................................................................................................................8
2.1.1.2 MASS SET...............................................................................................................................................14
2.1.2.2 MASS SET...............................................................................................................................................19
2.4 POWER UP AND VERIFICATION.........................................................................................................28
2.4.1 POWER UP..................................................................................................................................................28
2.4.2 CHECK THAT ON-BOARD PISTON-CYLINDER MODULE AND MASS SET INFORMATION
ARE CORRECT...........................................................................................................................................28
2.4.3 SET LOCAL GRAVITY VALUE ...................................................................................................................29
3.9.11 [ENTER] FROM RUN SCREEN...................................................................................................................82
3.9.11.1 [ENTER] IN PRESSURE TO MASS MODE.............................................................................................83
3.9.11.2 [ENT] IN MASS TO PRESSURE MODE..................................................................................................85
3.9.12 [P OR M] ......................................................................................................................................................86
3.11.1.5 SELECT THE ACTIVE PISTON-CYLINDER MODULE...........................................................................98
3.11.1.6 ADD MASS SET.......................................................................................................................................98
3.11.1.7 EDIT MASS SET....................................................................................................................................102
3.11.1.8 VIEW MASS SET...................................................................................................................................103
3.11.1.9 DELETE MASS SET ..............................................................................................................................103
3.11.1.10 SELECT MASS SET..............................................................................................................................103
3.11.1.11 ADD MASS LOADING BELL..................................................................................................................103
3.11.1.12 EDIT MASS LOADING BELL INFORMATION.......................................................................................105
3.11.1.13 VIEW MASS LOADING BELL................................................................................................................105
3.11.1.14 DELETE MASS LOADING BELL ...........................................................................................................105
3.11.1.15 SELECT MASS LOADING BELL ...........................................................................................................106
3.11.5.3 RS232 SELF TEST ................................................................................................................................112
4.2.1.2 COM2 AND COM3.................................................................................................................................124
5.4 MASS SETS.........................................................................................................................................179
This manual provides the user with the information necessary to operate various PG7000 Piston Gauges.
It also includes a great deal of additional information provided to help you optimize PG7000 use and take
full advantage of its many features and functions.
This manual covers four PG7000 models: PG7102, PG7202, PG7302 and PG7601. The four models
have many features and characteristics in common as well as individual differences. When discussing
features that are common to all four models, they are referred to collectively as PG7000. When providing
information pertaining to a specific model, that model is referred to by its specific model number.
Before using the manual, take a moment to familiarize yourself with the Table of Contents structure.
All first time PG7000 users should read Sections 1 and 2. Section 3 provides a comprehensive
description of general PG7000 operating principles. Section 4 covers remote communication with an
external computer. Section 5 provides maintenance and calibration information. Section 6 is a quick
troubleshooting guide. Use the information in Section 6 to troubleshoot unexpected PG7000 behavior
based on the symptoms of that behavior.
Certain words and expressions have specific meaning as they pertain to PG7000s. The Glossary
(see Section 7) is useful as a quick reference for the definition of specific words and expressions as they
are used in this manual.
FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO “DON’T READ MANUALS”, GO DIRECTLY TO SECTION 2.3 TO SET UP
YOUR PG7000. THEN GO TO SECTION 2.4. THIS WILL GET YOU RUNNING QUICKLY WITH MINIMAL
RISK OF CAUSING DAMAGE TO YOURSELF OR YOUR PG7000. THEN… WHEN YOU HAVE
QUESTIONS OR START TO WONDER ABOUT ALL THE GREAT FEATURES YOU MIGHT BE MISSING,
GET INTO THE MANUAL!
T
T
HHIISS
M
AANNUUAAL
M
L
Manual Conventions
(CAUTION) is used throughout the manual to identify user warnings and cautions.
(NOTE) is used throughout the manual to identify operating and applications advice and
additional explanations.
[ ] indicates direct function keys (e.g., [RANGE]).
PG7000 Piston Gauges are reference level pressure standards that operate on the piston
gauge principle. Pressure is defined by balancing it against the force exerted by a known mass
accelerated by gravity on the effective area of a piston-cylinder.
A PG7000 piston gauge consists of the PG7000 Platform, one or several piston-cylinder modules and a
mass set. A PG7000 system also includes the means to generate and adjust pressures and to
interconnect the system components and a device being calibrated or tested. The system may also
include COMPASS
test reports.
There are four PG7000 Platforms: Model PG7102, PG7202, PG7302 and PG7601. These have
common PG7000 presentation and features. They are distinguished by their normal operating medium
(oil or gas) and the capability to define pressures relative to a vacuum reference.
• PG7102 - Gas operated with gas lubricated piston-cylinder modules (PC-7100/7600
modules)
- Maximum pressure is 11 MPa (1 600 psi)
- Does not support definition of pressure against a vacuum reference
®
software to assist in executing test sequences, acquiring test data and producing
- Its maximum pressure is 110 MPa (16 000 psi) when operated with a PC-7200 module
- Its maximum pressure is 200 MPa (30 000 psi) when operated with a PC-7300 module
- Does not support definition of pressure against a vacuum reference
• PG7302 - Oil operated (PC-7300 modules)
- Maximum pressure is 500 MPa (72 500 psi)
• PG7601 - Gas operated, gas lubricated piston-cylinder modules (PC-7100/7600 modules)
- Maximum pressure is 11 MPa (1 600 psi)
- Supports definition of pressure against a vacuum reference
PG7000 platforms, piston-cylinder modules and mass sets are designed to maximize metrological
performance and ease of operation. They include many features that enhance the fundamental precision
and stability of pressure measurements as well as simplifying use and reducing the operator influence on
the measurements. Extensive monitoring and controlling capability and advanced local and remote user
interfaces are integrated into PG7000 Platforms.
Operator interaction with PG7000 and its extensive capabilities is accomplished through the display and
keypad of the PG Terminal or from a computer via a standard RS232 or IEEE-488 interface.
100 kg, while not exceeding 11 MPa (1 600 psi)
100 kg, while not exceeding 110 MPa (16 000 psi) when operated
with PC-7200 piston-cylinder modules or 200 MPa (30 000 psi) when
operated with PC-7300 piston-cylinder modules
100 kg
35 kg
when used with PC-7300 oil operated piston-cylinders.
1. INTRODUCTION
Pressure Connections
PG7102
PG7202
PG7302
PG7601
CE Conformance
Test port: DH200
Test port: DH500
Drain port: DH500
Test port: DH500
Test port: DH200
Bell Jar Vent Port: DH200
Vacuum Reference
Pump Down Port: KF25
DH200 and DH500 are gland and collar type fittings for
1/4 in. (6 mm) coned and left hand threaded tubes.
DH200 is equivalent to AE SF250C, HIP LF4, etc.
DH500 is equivalent to AE F250C, HIP HF4, etc.
Available, must be specified.
1.2.1.1 EMBEDDED FEATURES
• Local control with 2 x 20 vacuum fluorescent display and 4 x 4 function
driven keypad.
• Real time (1 second update rate) display and measurement of ambient
(pressure, temperature, humidity) and instrument (piston-cylinder
temperature, piston position, piston drop rate, piston rotation rate, piston
rotation decay rate, reference vacuum) conditions.
• Real time (1 second update rate) mass-to-pressure and pressure-to-mass
calculations taking into consideration all environmental and operational
variables.
• Full gas and liquid fluid head corrections including DUT head correction and
piston position head correction.
• Adjustable mass loading resolution (0.01 g to 0.1 kg).
• Audible prompts of instrument status (piston movement, Ready/Not Ready indication)
with override capability.
• Interfacing and automatic exploitation of any external barometer (RS232).
• Automated differential mode to define low differential pressures at various
static pressures between vacuum and two atmospheres.
• Automated high line differential mode to define differential pressure at high
line pressure.
• Storage and one step activation of metrological data on up to 18 piston-cylinder
modules, (3) mass sets and (3) mass loading bells.
• Continuous pressure Ready/Not Ready indication based on measured
conditions.
• Motorized, intelligent piston drive system based measured rotation rate with
operator alert and manual override (motorization optional on PG7102 and
PG7302).
• Built-in drivers for automated pressure control components and piston
floating with override capability.
• Full RS232 and IEEE-488 communications with multi-level commands to set
and read all instrument functions.
± 20 ppm of nominal value
± 5 ppm or 1 mg, whichever is greater
Conform to NIST S1
Masses designated “tare” are delivered without reported measured values and are intended
only for use on the “tare” PG7000 in high line differential pressure measurement mode.
1.2.4 PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
1.2.4.1 PC-7100/7600
For uncertainty in piston-cylinder effective area and typical measurement
uncertainty in pressure defined by the piston gauge, see the piston-cylinder
calibration report and DHI Technical Note 7920TN01.
All masses are delivered in molded, reusable, transit cases with custom inserts.
PC-7100/7600-10
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (35 kg)
1
0.02 Pa + 0.5 ppm
2
± 2 ppm
0.2 mm/min
PC-7100/7600-50
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (35 kg)
PC-7100/7600-200
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (35 kg)
1
0.1 Pa + 0.5 ppm
2
± 3 ppm
0.5 mm/min
1
0.4 Pa + 0.5 ppm
2
± 5 ppm
1.0 mm/min
Piston-cylinder modules designated “tare” are delivered without reported
values and are intended only for use on the “tare” PG7000 in high line
differential pressure measurement mode.
1 Sensitivity: The smallest variation in input detectable in output.
2 Reproducibility: Combined long term stability of piston-cylinder effective area and masses.
For uncertainty in piston-cylinder effective area and typical measurement
uncertainty in pressure defined by the piston gauge, see the piston-cylinder
calibration report and DHI Technical Note 7920TN01.
PC-7200-100
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
1
2 Pa + 1 ppm
2
± 5 ppm
0.10 mm/min
PC-7200-200
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7200-500
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7200-1
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7200-2
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
1 Sensitivity: The smallest variation in input detectable in output.
2 Reproducibility: Combined long term stability of piston-cylinder effective area and masses.
For uncertainty in piston-cylinder effective area and typical measurement
uncertainty in pressure defined by the piston gauge, see the piston-cylinder
calibration report and DHI Technical Note 7920TN01.
PC-7300-100
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
1
2 Pa + 1 ppm
2
± 5 ppm
0.02 mm/min
PC-7300-200
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7300-500
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7300-1
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7300-2
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
PC-7300-5
Sensitivity
Reproducibility
Typical Drop Rate (50 kg)
1 Sensitivity: The smallest variation in input detectable in output.
2 Reproducibility: Combined long term stability of piston-cylinder effective area and masses.
The front panel assembly provides a 2 x 20 vacuum fluorescent display and a
4 x 4 membrane keypad for local user interface. The terminal front panel assembly
is the same for all PG7000 models (i.e., PG7102, PG7202, PG7302, PG7601).
The rear panel assembly provides the communications connection to the
PG7000 Platform and the power connection module. The terminal rear panel
assembly is the same for all PG7000 models.
Figure 2. PG Terminal Rear Panel
1. Power Switch
2. Fuse (25-pin)
3. Power
Receptacle
4. Connector for
Cable to
PG7000
5. Cooling Fan
1.3.2 PLATFORM REAR PANELS
The PG7000 Platform rear panels provide the connection to the PG Terminal, remote
communication connections and pressure connection ports. The rear panels of all PG7000
models are identical except for the pressure connections (see Figure 3, # 6).
1. COM2 (RS232) - External Barometer and
Pass Through Communications
A typical PG7000 system includes the PG7000 Platform (see Section 2.1.1.1), a mass set,
(see Section 2.1.1.2), one or more piston-cylinder modules (see Section 2.1.1.3) and other
accessories (see the accessory Operation and Maintenance Manual or Instruction Sheet).
2.1.1.1 PLATFORM
The mass loading bell is a metrological element that is part of the mass set.
Like all of the masses, it is preferable not to handle it with bare hands.
Protective gloves are provided in the accessory kit of each PG7000 Platform.
The PG7000 Platform is shipped in a reusable, molded shipping and storage case.
Open the PG7000 shipping and storage case (it is the large, 66 cm x 53 cm
x 47 cm case).
Remove the PG Terminal and accessories from upper packing insert.
Inspect and inventory the accessories (see Section 2.1.2).
Remove the upper packing insert.
Carefully lift the PG7000 Platform from its position in the lower packing
insert. Note the orientation so that the same orientation will be used when
PG7000 is repacked.
Reinstall the upper packing insert into the shipping and storage case and
The stability over time of PG7000 pressure measurements is a function of
the stability of the masses loaded on the piston. Precautions should be
taken in handling the masses to minimize influences that may change their
mass. This includes always wearing protective gloves when handling the
masses to avoid contaminating them with body oils and perspiration.
Protective gloves are provided in the accessory kits of PG7000 Platforms.
The mass set accessories are shipped in a separate corrugated container.
Open the corrugated container and inspect and inventory the accessories.
The PG7000 masses are shipped in reusable, molded shipping and
storage cases. The PG7000 masses should be removed from their shipping
cases and inventoried when actually setting up the PG7000 system.
2.1.1.3 PISTON-CYLINDER MODULE(S)
The piston-cylinder modules are shipped in PVC bullet cases that are packed in
corrugated containers with custom foam inserts.
Open the corrugated containers and remove the piston-cylinder modules
and accessories.
The bullet cases screw open by turning the lid counterclockwise.
When reinstalling an oil (PC-7300) or liquid lubricated (PC-7200) piston-cylinder
module in its bullet case, be sure to empty out any liquid that may have
collected in the hole in the bottom of the case. Excess liquid will not
compress, making it difficult to fully close the case and could result in
damaging it.
2.1.2 INSPECTING CONTENTS
Check that all items are present and have NO visible signs of damage. A parts list of items
supplied is provided in Section 2.1.2.1 for PG7000, Section 2.1.2.2 for mass sets, and
Section 2.1.2.3 for piston-cylinder modules.
2.1.2.1 PLATFORM
Each PG7000 Platform is delivered complete with accessories as listed by part
number in Tables 1 through 4.
PG7000 mass sets are composed of different combinations of individual masses
and accessories depending on the specific mass set ordered (see Tables 5, 6, 7).
Table 5. Mass Parts List (excluding 80 and 100 kg)
DESCRIPTION PART NO.
Mass Set Refer to Table 7
Reusable Molded Transit Case with Foam Inserts
35 kg set
40 kg set
45 kg set
55 kg set
Mass Set Tray and Spindle 123050 and 123051
Dust Covers 102814 and 102847
Calibration Report 550100
Table 6. Mass Parts List (80 and 100 kg)
DESCRIPTION PART NO.
Mass Set Refer to Table 7
Reusable Molded Transit Case with Foam Inserts
80 kg set
100 kg set
Dust Covers 102846 and 102847
Calibration Report 550100
: These mass sets, on certain piston-cylinder sizes, can cause the maximum working pressure of the PG Platform to be
exceeded. Do not exceed the following maximum working pressures:
• PG7201: 11 MPa (1 600 psi)
• PG7202: When using PC-7200 piston-cylinder modules: 110 MPa (16 000 psi)
When using PC-7300 piston-cylinder modules: 200 MPa (30 000 psi)
• PG7302: 500 MPa (72 500 psi)
NOMINAL
TOTAL MASS (KG)
PG7102 PG7202 PG7302 PG7601
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
•1
•1
•
•
MAKE-UP
MASS (KG)
•
The mass loading bell and piston make up part of the total mass load but are not
included with the mass set. Piston-cylinder modules are purchased and delivered
separately. The mass loading bell is delivered with the PG7000 Platform.