Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Fisher™ TBX-T Desuperheater
TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Contents
Introduction 1.................................
Scope of Manual 1.............................
Description 1.................................
Educational Services 2.........................
Installation 3..................................
Maintenance 5.................................
Servicing 6...................................
Parts Ordering 10...............................
Parts List 10...................................
Introduction
Scope of Manual
Figure 1. Fisher TBX-T Desuperheater
X0162
This instruction manual includes installation, maintenance, and operation information for the Fisher TBX-T
desuperheater. Refer to separate instruction manuals for instructions covering the actuator and accessories.
Do not install, operate, or maintain a TBX-T desuperheater without being fully trained and qualified in
valve, actuator, and accessory installation, operation, and maintenance. To avoid personal injury or
property damage, it is important to carefully read, understand, and follow all the contents of this manual,
including all safety cautions and warnings. If you have any questions about these instructions, contact your
Emerson sales office
before proceeding.
Description
Water atomization and vaporization are key elements in any steam conditioning application. The TBX-T design
incorporates a spraywater manifold of variable geometry AF nozzles that produce an optimized spray pattern over a
wide operating range. These nozzles are strategically placed to achieve optimal mixing and quick vaporization at all
flowing conditions. Years of research in spray atomization and vaporization were key to optimizing the water injection
system. Extensive use of CFD analysis, in addition to field performance feedback, was used to validate spray system
enhancements.
www.Fisher.com
TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Table 1. Specifications for Standard Designs (Physical Specifications)
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Steam Line Connection Sizes
(1)(3)
NPS 8 through NPS 60 (DN200 through DN1500)
Spraywater Connection
J NPS 1 through NPS 4
(1)(3)
J ASME Raised Face Flange (all sizes)
Steam Line Connection Types
J ASME Buttweld (all sizes)
J ASME Raised Face Flanges (all sizes)
J ASME Ring Type Joint Flanges (all sizes)
Construction Materials
Steam Pipe:
F22 (2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo)
Mo-V)
Nozzles:
J SA105 carbon steel, J SA182 Grade
J SA182 Grade F91 (9 Cr-1
J SA182 Grade F92 (9 Cr-2 W-V)
J S41000 stainless steel J N07718 nickel
alloy
Gaskets:
Bolting:
J N06600/Graphite
J SA193 Grade B7, J SA193 Grade B16,
J N07718
1. Do not exceed the pressure or temperature limits in this instruction manual, nor any applicable code or standard limitations.
2. A function of required turndown and equipment selection.
3. Contact your Emerson sales office
4. Intermediate rating above CL2500 available upon request. PN pressure ratings available per requirements of EN 1092-1. Consult your Emerson sales office for additional information.
for additional options.
J ASME Ring Type Joint Flange (all sizes)
J ASME Buttweld (all sizes)
J ASME Socket Weld
J ASME CL150 to CL2500
Maximum Inlet Pressures
(4)
(1)
Consistent with applicable pressure-temperature
ratings per ASME B16.34
Spraywater Pressure Required
(2)
3.5 to 35 bar (50 to 500 psi) greater than steam line
pressure
Educational Services
For information on available courses for Fisher TBX-T desuperheaters, as well as a variety of other products, contact:
Emerson Automation Solutions
Educational Services - Registration
Phone: 1-641-754-3771 or 1-800-338-8158
E-mail: education@emerson.com
emerson.com/fishervalvetraining
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Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Figure 2. Typical Fisher TBX Installation
USPL
KEY:
DSPL = DOWNSTREAM STRAIGHT PIPE LENGTH
PI = PROPORTIONAL INTEGRAL CONTROLLER
PSL = PRESSURE SENSOR LENGTH
PT = PRESSURE TRANSMITTER
TE = TEMPERATURE SENSOR ELEMENT
TSL = TEMPERATURE SENSOR LENGTH
X0355
USPL = UPSTREAM STRAIGHT PIPE LENGTH
TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
TSL
PSL
DSPL
Installation
WARNING
Always wear protective gloves, clothing, and eyewear when performing any installation operations to avoid personal
injury.
Personal injury or equipment damage caused by sudden release of pressure may result if the TBX-T desuperheater is
installed where service conditions could exceed the limits of the pressure rating noted on the nameplate. To avoid such
injury or damage, provide a relief valve for over pressure protection as required by government or accepted industry codes
and good engineering practices.
Check with your process or safety engineer for any additional measures that must be taken to protect against process
media.
If installing into an existing application, also refer to the WARNING at the beginning of the Maintenance section in this
instruction manual.
CAUTION
When ordered, the desuperheater configuration and construction materials were selected to meet particular pressure,
temperature, pressure drop, and fluid conditions. Do not apply any other conditions to the desuperheater without first
contacting your local Emerson sales office
1. Before installation, all piping upstream of the desuperheater must be blown clean so that no loose materials such as
welding slag, dirt or other foreign matter, are left in the pipe. Use care to keep foreign matter out of the line
openings while preparing the desuperheater installation.
.
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TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
WARNING
Do not lift the desuperheater by its cooler manifold piping. Personal injury or damage to equipment could occur if the
desuperheater is improperly lifted into place.
All lifting and rigging must be completed in accordance with federal/national/provincial, state and local regulations
and applicable lifting and rigging equipment standards. Only personnel trained in proper lifting and rigging practices
shall perform desuperheater assembly lifting, rigging and installation. Because each lift will be unique, the method of
lifting thedesuperheater assembly, the correct location for attaching and lifting the desuperheater assembly, and what
the desuperheater assembly will do when lifted shall be considered for each lift.
Lifting and rigging equipment used to lift, install or remove a desuperheater assembly or component must be
properly selected and sized for the weight and configuration of the desuperheater assembly or component being
lifted. The weight of the complete desuperheater assembly, including attached accessories, must be taken in
consideration for this purpose. The lifting and rigging equipment must be properly maintained and inspected for
damage before each use.
Lifting lugs or other lifting equipment attached to the desuperheater must never be used to lift or support the weight
of attached piping.
If the TBX-T is equipped with buttweld ends, the desuperheater body must be supported using a lifting sling or other
method that does not place a load or force onto the finished surface of the buttweld ends. The TBX-T does not have a stable
resting condition. The desuperheater inlet and outlet must be fully supported until fully welded (buttweld end
connections) or bolted (flanged end connections) into the piping.
2. Arrange lifting slings, or other lifting and rigging equipment appropriate for the desuperheater weight and
configuration
, around the main steam pipe to safely lift the TBX-T to the pipe opening.
WARNING
Do not expose the TBX-T to undue stresses by installing it in bent pipes or flanges. Personal injury and equipment damage
could result from flange sealing failure due to improper installation.
3. Flanged Connections—Lubricate the flange connection bolts with a high temperature thread lubricant. Install flange
gaskets and connection bolts per accepted practices and tighten securely.
4. Welded Connections—Welding procedures should be in accordance with the applicable codes and the base
materials. For preheat, welding electrodes, and postweld heat treatment, refer to the applicable codes and
practices applicable for the specific facility. Materials are specified on the customer specification sheet.
CAUTION
Depending on desuperheater body materials used, post weld heat treating may be required. If so, damage to internal parts
is possible. In general, if post weld heat treating is to be performed, all nozzles should be removed. Contact your Emerson
sales office for additional information.
5. Remove the spraywater control valve and flush the cooling water line until all debris is removed from the line prior
to connecting it to the TBX-T desuperheater. Use only clean sources of cooling water to reduce the possibility of
nozzle clogging. A strainer should be installed in the water line as close to the TBX-T desuperheater as possible. To
determine appropriate mesh size, refer to desuperheater sizing and specification document, or contact your
Emerson sales office. Review strainer manufacturer's pressure drop curves to determine appropriate strainer body
size. You may need to use a strainer that is larger than the water line size.
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TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
WARNING
Failure to use a strainer could result in nozzle clogging and subsequent property damage or loss. Uncontrolled
temperatures resulting from clogged nozzles may result in equipment or process temperature limits being exceeded.
Exceeding system temperature limits could result in property damage or personal injury.
6. A length of straight pipe is required downstream of the TBX-T desuperheater to ensure complete vaporization of
cooling water. An example of a typical installation appears in figure 2. Consult the TBX-T cooler sizing sheet for the
required distance of straight pipe. This is unique for each application and is supplied by Emerson Automation
Solutions.
7. Typically, a temperature sensor should be mounted a minimum distance of 9.1 m (30 feet) downstream of the
TBX-T desuperheater. This distance will vary depending on a number of factors including steam velocity and
percentage of spraywater. Consult the TBX-T cooler sizing sheet provided with the unit for this temperature sensor
distance. The steam line should not have any branch lines dividing the steam flow between the TBX-T
desuperheater and the temperature sensor. If you have any questions, contact your local Emerson sales office
8. A typical installation is illustrated in figure 2. A temperature sensor (TE) measures changes in temperature and a
temperature transmitter (TT) transmits the signal to the temperature control device. The output signal from the
controller is sent to the positioner on the cooling water (spraywater) control valve (SWCV). The positioner's output
signal strokes the SWCV open, increasing water pressure on the nozzles. Increasing water pressure upstream of the
nozzles increases water flow through the nozzles.
.
CAUTION
Pneumatic lines (where applicable) should be thoroughly blown clean with dry air before connection. Check to make sure
wiring connections are made per the equipment manufacturer's instructions and in accordance with local, regional, and
national codes.
Maintenance
WARNING
Avoid personal injury or property damage from sudden release of process pressure or bursting of parts. Before performing
any maintenance operations:
D Always wear protective gloves, clothing, and eyewear when performing any maintenance operations to avoid personal
injury.
D Use bypass valves or completely shut off the process to isolate the desuperheater from process pressure. Relieve
process pressure from both sides of the valve. Drain the process media from both sides of the desuperheater.
D Use lock‐out procedures to be sure that the above measures stay in effect while you work on the equipment.
D Check with your process or safety engineer for any additional measures that must be taken to protect against process
media.
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TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Servicing
Table 2. Inspection Summary
Key Part Description Inspection Tips and Diagnostics Repair Replacement
1
2
3 Nozzle Sleeve
7 Nozzle Body Flange
10 Spray Nozzle Refer to Nozzle Maintenance Section.
Steam Pipe
(not replacement part)
Nozzle Body
(not replacement part)
Inspect for erosion, thermal fatigue, and other
damage.
Inspect for erosion, thermal fatigue, and other
damage.
Inspect for particulate or magnetite buildup when
spray nozzles are replaced.
Inspect gasket surfaces for damage that could indicate
gasket leakage when spray nozzles are replaced.
Consult your local Emerson Service Center for a recommendation on
necessary weld repair or replacement
Consult your local Emerson Service Center for a recommendation on
necessary weld repair or replacement
Clean if necessary. As needed
Replacement Only As needed
Replacement every 24-36 months
for optimal performance
Nozzle Maintenance and Replacement
When subjected to normal operating conditions, it is possible that wear, blockage, and/or weld fatigue will occur to
the nozzle assembly. During regularly scheduled maintenance, visually inspect the nozzles for wear and blockage.
Your local Emerson Service Center can help to determine the extent of weld fatigue and the correct course of action.
Poor performing nozzles or nozzle failure is typically caused by wear, corrosion, erosion, and/or blockage. The
following instruction will help to determine if any of these problems are present and provide a recommended course
of action for each.
Note
For optimal performance, nozzles should be inspected every 18-24 months and replaced every 24-36 months.
1. OPTIONAL: Figure 3 shows the spray pattern that will need to be present during operation of the AF nozzles. Testing
can be performed by attaching the existing or an alternate, similar pressure, water line to the spray water input
connection. If this spray pattern is not present, replacement is recommended.
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Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Figure 3. Fisher AF Nozzle Cross Section
TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
SPRAY HEAD
SWIRL CHAMBER
WATER INJECTION HOLES
(COMPOUND ANGLED ORIFICES)
SPRING
PLUG STEM
SPRING CASING
PIN
A7191-2D
SPRAY PATTERN
SPRAY
ANNULUS
TRAVEL MEASUREMENT
2. Loosen and remove the nozzle body flange stud nuts (key 6) and washers (key 4). Then, remove the nozzle body
flange (key 7). Inspect the nozzle body flange gasket surfaces for damage. If damage is present replacement is
necessary.
3. Remove the nozzle sleeve (key 3) with attached spray nozzle (key 10), nozzle sleeve gasket (key 9), and nozzle body
flange gasket (key 8). Inspect the nozzle sleeve for particulate or magnetite buildup and clean if necessary.
4. Inspect the spray annulus surface, the area between the plug stem and spray head, for excessive wear,
erosion/corrosion, or blockage due to particulate. Wear is defined as any nicks, cuts, or gouges on or immediately
around the spray annulus. Erosion/corrosion is defined as any form of rust or erosion of the metal on the plug stem
or spray head. Blockages are defined when small particulate becomes trapped between the plug stem and spray
head or spring casing and spray head. Replacement of the nozzle is recommended if any of the preceding problems
are present.
5. Grind off the tack welds holding the nozzle (key 10) in place. Apply a penetrant type thread lubricant and allow to
soak prior to unscrewing the nozzle. Using the provided flats on the side of the spray head, unscrew the nozzle from
the nozzle sleeve (key 3).
6. Grind excess tack weld material off both the nozzle (key 10) and nozzle sleeve (key 3).
7. In the absence of external forces, the nozzle must be fully closed. If the nozzle is not fully closed, it will need to be
replaced.
8. Inspect the water injection holes for reduced or non-circular shape due to erosion. Every hole must be the same size
and shape. If any are oversized or non-circular in shape, the nozzle will need to be replaced.
9. Inspect the interior of the water injection holes for buildup of particulate or magnetite. Nozzle replacement will be
needed is any buildup is present.
Note
Complete disassembly of the nozzle is strongly discouraged, due to individual spare parts not being available.
10. OPTIONAL: To further check the nozzle for buildup of particulate or magnetite, the nozzle can be disassembled. If
disassembled, take great care not to damage the sharp edges of the spray annulus on the plug stem and the
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TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
sprayhead, as this will greatly affect the spray pattern. Do not compress a removed spring by hand or with a tool, as
compression beyond its normal operating range will damage the spring.
To disassemble the nozzle, first remove the pin using a small drill bit as a punch, and unscrew the spring casing from
the plug stem. The nozzle can be reassembled by following a reverse order of disassembly, taking care to line the
hole in the plug stem up with the hole in the spring casing, then pressing the pin back into place through the two
parts.
11. The internal spring may relax over time and not provide the tensile force required to shut off and control flow. If the
nozzle spring is suspected of being too relaxed, then the nozzle should be replaced.
12. The travel can be determined by using a feeler gauge to measure the distance between the spray head near the
water injection ports to the side of the spring casing, as outlined in figure 3. This measurement must match the
factory set plug stem travel for the corresponding nozzle type as shown in table 3.
Table 3. AF Nozzle Specifications
NOZZLE TYPE PLUG TRAVEL, INCHES
AF7 0.014
AF10 0.028
AF14 0.029
AF17 0.034
AF20 0.036
AF24 0.042
AF28 0.048
AF32 0.056
AF35 0.065
AF40 0.063
AF44 0.069
13. Inspect nozzle threads for damage and clean if needed. If damage is present, nozzle replacement will be necessary.
14. Rinse both the nozzle (key 10) and nozzle sleeve (key 3) to remove particulate.
15. Screw nozzle into the nozzle sleeve (key 3) and tighten just until the spray head is flat and tight against the nozzle
sleeve.
16. Tackweld a small piece of welding wire onto the nozzle sleeve (key 3) next to either of the spray head flats to
prevent rotation during service; refer to figure 4. Maintain low heat to prevent distortion of the nozzle.
Figure 4. Spray Nozzle Tack Weld Location
AF NOZZLE BODY
GA26453
WIRE, TACK WELD ON BOTH ENDS
17. Reassemble in the following order: nozzle sleeve gasket (key 9), nozzle body flange gasket (key 8), spray
nozzle/sleeve assembly, nozzle body flange (key 7), washers (key 4), and stud nuts (key 6). It is recommended that
the nozzle sleeve gasket and nozzle body flange gasket be replaced with new ones.
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Instruction Manual
(1)
(2)
D103796X012
18. Torque nozzle body flange nuts as indicated in table 4.
Table 4. Recommended Nozzle Body Flange Bolting Torque with Nickel Anti-Seize Lubricant
BOLT SIZE, INCH THREADS PER INCH LUBRICATION
5/8 11
3/4 10 258 190
7/8 9 373 275
1
1‐1/8 712 525
1‐1/4 942 695
1‐3/8 1268 935
1‐1/2 1654 1220
1. For other lubricants, contact your Emerson sales office for recommended bolt torque.
2. Torques for lubricated studs with heavy hex nuts.
8
Nickel Anti-Seize
RECOMMENDED BOLT TORQUE
NSm LbfSft
163 120
522 385
TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
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TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Parts Ordering
Each TBX-T desuperheater is assigned a serial number. Refer to the serial number when contacting your Emerson sales
office for technical assistance. When ordering replacement parts, refer to the serial number and key numbers for each
part required. The key numbers in the Parts List and the assembly drawing in figure 5 can be used to help in part
identification.
WARNING
Use only genuine Fisher replacement parts. Components that are not supplied by Emerson Automation Solutions should
not, under any circumstances, be used in any Fisher desuperheater, because they may void your warranty, might adversely
affect the performance of the desuperheater, and could cause personal injury and property damage.
Parts List
Key Description
Note
Contact your Emerson sales office
Key Description
1 Steam Pipe
2 Nozzle Body
3 Nozzle Sleeve
4 Nozzle Body Flange Washer
for Part Ordering information.
5 Nozzle Body Flange Stud
6 Nozzle Body Flange Stud Nut
7 Nozzle Body Flange
8* Nozzle Body Flange Gasket
9* Nozzle Sleeve Gasket
10* Spray Nozzle
10
*Recommended spare parts
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Figure 5. Fisher TBX-T Desuperheater
TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
FLOW
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TBX-T Desuperheater
February 2020
Instruction Manual
D103796X012
Neither Emerson, Emerson Automation Solutions, nor any of their affiliated entities assumes responsibility for the selection, use or maintenance
of any product. Responsibility for proper selection, use, and maintenance of any product remains solely with the purchaser and end user.
Fisher is a mark owned by one of the companies in the Emerson Automation Solutions business unit of Emerson Electric Co. Emerson Automation Solutions,
Emerson, and the Emerson logo are trademarks and service marks of Emerson Electric Co. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.
The contents of this publication are presented for informational purposes only, and while every effort has been made to ensure their accuracy, they are not
to be construed as warranties or guarantees, express or implied, regarding the products or services described herein or their use or applicability. All sales are
governed by our terms and conditions, which are available upon request. We reserve the right to modify or improve the designs or specifications of such
products at any time without notice.
Emerson Automation Solutions
Marshalltown, Iowa 50158 USA
Sorocaba, 18087 Brazil
Cernay 68700 France
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Singapore 128461 Singapore
www.Fisher.com
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E 2013, 2020 Fisher Controls International LLC. All rights reserved.
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