FBT QUBE SP27 User Manual

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QUBESP27-AudioManagementSystem

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www.qubeaudio.com

FBTELETTRONICAS.p.A

SP27 QuickReference

Editingchannels:GAIN

pressaccessesthatchannel'sgain.Toscrollthrough channel'sparameters,usetheandkeys. Secondpressaccesseslastviewedparameter.Third presswilldropbacktothedefaultscreen.

Accessingmenus:MENU BACKNEXT

andenterthesub-menuusingthekey.This appliestoalllevelsofmenu.alwaysconfirms selections.

TheMenusandtheirContents

GLOBALMEMORY

crossoversettings,orcombinationsof.

INPUTSECTION

GEQ'Q'setting.

CROSSOVER

design,includingroutingandautolimitersetting.Alsoset upoutputganging.

INTERFACE

(RS232),G.P.I.interfaceconfiguration,andwireless interface.

SYSTEM

selectvariousglobaloptionssuchasPEQ'Q'or bandwidthunits,delayunits,andoutputmeteringpoint (pre/postmute).

SECURITY

operationsoftheunit,usinga4digitcode.

AES/EBU

inputsareswitchedviarearpanel.)

andkeystoselectthesub-menurequired,

Sub-menu:Setuporadjustcrossover

Sub-menu:Commsinterfacesetup

Sub-menu:Usedtoviewunit'sstatus,and

Sub-menu:Usedforlockingvarious

Sub-menu:monitorAESinputstatusinfo.(AES

presschannel'skey.First

BACKNEXT

pressthekey.Usethe

ENTER

Sub-menu:Recall/Store/Eraseinput,

Sub-menu:Setupinputganging,and

Notes

Thecrossover(output)settingsmaybestored independentlyoftheinputsettings,usingthe

Memory

Theoutputmetersshow level,indBfromthelimiter threshold,andtheinputmetersshowlevelfrom clippingtheA-Dconverters, pre-gainandallEQ.

Thehighandlowpasscrossoverfiltersaredefined independentlyoneachoutputchannel.

Toaccessthelimiterattackandreleaseparameters, select“AutoLimiterTimeCst:No”whendesigninga crossover.

Toswapparametricfilterunitsbetweenbandwidth ('BandW')and'Q',enterSub-menu,select 'FilterQ/Bandwidth',andselectrequiredreadout units.

Toswapdelaytimeunits,enterSub-menu, select'DelayTime/Distance',andselectrequired readoutunits.

sub-menu.

System

Global

Pressingankeyflashescorrespondingchannels routedto/fromthatchannel.

EDIT

Contents

ImportantSafetyInformation

4 Unpackingtheunit Introduction

Features

FrontPanelFamiliarisation RearPanelConnections OperatingtheSP27

NoteaboutoperationwithAudioCoresoftware Start-upprocedure PreliminarySet-up InputChannelMakeup OutputChannelMakeup PresetRoutingConfigurations FreeAssignRouting InputGain BaseDelay InputParametricEQ OutputGain OutputPolarity OutputDelay OutputHighPassFilter OutputLowPassFilter OutputParametricEQ OutputLimiter Output“D-Max”(Clip)Limiter

9 9

9 10 10 10 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16

InputGangingandOutputGanging MenuSystemOverview MenusinDetail MemoryStructure RemoteControlInterfaceOperation

RS232Interface

RS232Connection(singleunit) LoadingNewSoftwareviaaPC

AESInputsandOutputs

AESInput

AESDiagnosticsandStatusInformation

17 18 19 21 23

23 23 23

SecurityandLocking

EnteringthePasswordtoCompletetheLockingOperation

UnlockingtheUnit ForgottenthePassword?

26 27 27

AdvancedAudioFeatures

ProgramLimiterand“D-Max”Limiter ProgramLimiter “D-Max”ClipLimiter SettingAccurateLimiterThresholds CrossoverFilterSlopes TimeAlignment

ParametricFilterTypesandTheirUses

StandardParametricEQ ShelvingEQ(HighShelfshown) CreatingaFlat-toppedEQResponse Low/HighPassVariable“Q”Filter(LowPassshown)

Specifications Index AppendixI-DefaultCrossoverConfigurations

28 28 29 31 32 32

33 34 34 35

36 37 39

AnexampleofthisequipmenthasbeentestedandfoundtocomplywiththefollowingEuropeanand

internationalStandardsforElectromagneticCompatibilityandElectricalSafety:

RadiatedEmissions(EU):EN55013-1(1996) RFImmunity(EU):EN55103-2(1996)RFImmunity,ESD,BurstTransient,Surge,Dips&Dwells ElectricalSafety(EU):EN60065(1993)

ImportantSafetyInformation

DonotremoveCovers. Nouserserviceablepartsinside,referservicingtoqualifiedservicepersonnel. Thisequipmentmustbeearthed.

CAUTION

RISKOFELECTRICSHOCK

DONOTOPEN

DONOTEXPOSETORAIN,MOISTURE,

DRIPPINGORSPLASHING

ATTENTION

RISQUEDECHOCELECTRIQUE

NEPASENLEVER

NEPASEXPOSERALAPLUIENIAL'HUMITE

Objectscontainingliquids,suchasvases,mustnotbeplacedonthisequipment. Itshouldnotbenecessarytoremoveanyprotectiveearthorsignalcableshieldconnections. Donotdefeatthepurposeofthepolarizedorgrounding-typeplug.Apolarizedplughastwobladeswithonewider

thantheother.Agroundingtypeplughastwobladesandathirdgroundingprong.Thewiderbladeandthethird prongareprovidedforyoursafety.Whentheprovidedplugdoesnotfitintoyouroutlet,consultanelectricianfor replacementoftheobsoleteoutlet.

Onlyusethisequipmentwithanappropriatemainscord. IntheUSAthecordshouldcomplywiththerequirementscontainedintheStandardforCordSetsandPower

SupplyCords,UL817,bemarkedVW-1,andhaveanampacityratingnotlessthanthemarkedratingofthe apparatus.

Unpackingtheunit

Afterunpackingtheunit,pleasecheckitcarefullyforanydamage.Ifanyisfound,immediatelynotifythe

carrier concerned-you,theconsignee,mustinstigateanyclaim.Pleaseretainallpackagingincaseoffuturereshipment.

Introduction

TheSP27arepowerfulDSPbasedaudioprocessors,ideallysuitedforinstallapplications,wherethey

combinethefunctionsofamultitudeofconventionalproductsinacompact1Uunitwithextensiveremote controlcapabilities.Toachievethis,theunitshaveuptofourinputsandeightoutputswhichcanbeconfigured inaselectionofbasiccrossovermodes-4x2way;2x3way+2Aux;2x4way;and1x8way(asapplicable toi/oconfigurations).Theyalsooffera"freeassign"mode,whichallowscompletelyflexibleroutingofany outputfromanycombinationofinputs.

Eachinputhasagaincontrol,variabledelayandafurthereightbandsoffullyparametricequalisation.The parametricfilterbandshavealargeselectionofdifferentfiltertypesavailable,includingshelving.

Eachoutputhasagaincontrol,variabledelay,highandlowpasscrossoverfilters,ninebandsoffully parametricequalisation,polarityswitchingand,additionally,afullyfeaturedlimiter,andafinalcliplimiter.The crossoverfiltersofferslopesofupto48dB/Octave.,withavarietyofresponsesavailable.

AGPIinterfacemayalsobefittedtoallowremotememoryrecallsusingsimpleswitch closureapparatus. Securitylock-outisavailableforallcontrols. TheSP27arealsoequippedwithAES/EBUdigitalinputsandincludeasamplerateconverter,capableof

acceptinganythingfrom32kHzuptp192kHz.

Features

Superbaudioquality-carefullyoptimiseddoubleprecisionsignalprocessingcoupledwith24bitconversion ensureadynamicrangeinexcessof117dB.Thehighsamplingrateof96kHzmeansminimalfiltering providingexceptionalsonicpuritywithabandwidthinexcessof32kHz.

Aflexibleinput/outputmulti-modeformatcatersforanyconfiguration,regardlessofscale. Bothroutingofinputstooutputs,andganging(forediting)arecompletelyflexible. AcompletelynewSHARCTMbasedDSPplatformsuppliesphenomenalcomputationalpower,allowingthe

unittoprovidenotonlymultiplebandsofstandardparametricequalisationoneveryinputandoutput,butan additionalfullspectrumgraphicequaliseroneachofthefourinputs.Thisadditionalpoweralsopermitsboth programlimitersandnoovershootcliplimitersoneachoutput.

Delayofupto650mSmaybeindependentlysetforeachoutput,withanexceptionallyfineminimumincrement of300nS,whichcorrespondstoadistancechangeof0.1mm!

Thecomprehensivestandardspecificationalsoincludesupto255memories. XTA'snewproprietaryComplexUnifiedNyquistTruncationalgorithmensuresthatnomatterhowmuch

equalisationisappliedtoachannel,therewillalwaysbesufficientheadroomavailabletocaterforit.

FrontPanelFamiliarisation

ControlKeys: NEXT BACK MENU

selectsthelastmenuitem.Inthisway,threepressesonfromthedefaultscreenwill jumpbacktothelastparameteradjusted.Selectionofdifferentmenusisaccomplishedusing

theandkeys,orwiththeencoder.

BACKNEXTFREQ

ENTER

sections.

BYPASS

tobypassthehighandlowpassfiltersections.

QUIT

keyentersthechosenmenu,confirmsselections,andchangesfiltertypeswheneditingparametric

willflattenthecurrentlyselectedparametricsections.Notethat,forsafetyreasons,itisnotpossible

exitsmenusbacktothedefaultscreen.

keymovesforwardthroughlistofparameters.

keymovesbackwardsthroughlistofparameters.

keyactivatesthemainmenu-asecondpressselectsthelastmenuedited-athirdpress

Selectionandadjustmentofparameters.

LCDScreen:

recalledmemoryonthebottomlineofthescreen,and thecurrentroutingonthetopline.Alsousedtoshowall parametersastheyareedited,andallmenuselections.

Shows,bydefault,thenameofthelast

RotaryEncoders:

displayedonthescreen.

StatusLEDs:

(flashingifnotlocked);

InputSections:

Redbuttonsilluminatewhenpressedandmuteaudioforthatchannel.

MUTE

buttonsilluminateyellowwhenpressed,andaccessgainonfirstpress,thenlast

EDIT

viewedparameteronsecondpress,thenexitonthirdpress. InputmetersshowdBfromclippingpointoftheanaloguetodigitalconverters.Red

LEDmayilluminateindependentlyfromtherestofthemetertoshowdigital

CLIP

overflow.AlltwoLEDsilluminatingindicatesinternalclippingaftertheADC.

TheredLEDilluminatesattheonsetoflimiting.

Threevelocitysensitiveencodersadjusttherelevantparametersas

ThetwostatusLEDsshow,fromlefttoright,AESinputsselected

Controlandmonitorinputsignalpaths.

CLIP

Error................................

OutputSections:

paths. Redbuttonsilluminatewhenpressedand

MUTE

muteaudioforthatchannel.

buttonsilluminateyellowwhenpressed,and

EDIT

accessgainonfirstpress,thenlastviewed parameteronsecondpress,thenexitonthirdpress. OutputmetersshowdBfromlimiting.

Controlandmonitoroutputsignal

RearPanelConnections

PowerSwitch:

MainsFuse:

fuseisalsolocatedinthisholder.

MainsInlet:

Alwaysreplacethefusewiththecorrecttypeandratingasshownontherearpanellegend.

turnstheunit'smainssupplyoffandon.

locatedinafinger-proofholderadjacenttothemainsinlet.Aspare

connectedviaastandardIECsocket.

RS232:

RS485standardandrelayedtoslaveunitsviatheRS485sockets.

RS232standardviaa9pinD-typeconnector,forconnectiontoaPC.Dataisconvertedto

AudioOutputs:

providedforeachchannel.Allarefully balanced,pin2hot,3cold,1screen.

AESInputSwitch:

inputs.RedLEDwillilluminateintheholewhenAESinputs areselected,alongwiththecorrespondingfrontpanel indicator.

AudioInputs:

channel.Allarefullybalanced,pin2hot,3cold,1screen.

RecessedswitchtoselectAESdigital

3pinXLRsocketsareprovidedforeach

3pinXLRsocketsare

OperatingtheSP27

NoteaboutoperationwithAudioCoresoftware.

ThefollowingoperatinginformationcoverssetupandcontroloftheSP27viathefrontpanelcontrolsonly. Pleaseconsultthemanualsuppliedwiththissoftwareforinformationregardingfullcomputercontrol.

Start-upprocedure

Switchingontheunitwilldisplayabriefmessagedetailingtheunittypeandsoftwareversionrunning

==AudioCoreDP4XX==

==SoftwareV1.00==

andallLEDswillbrieflyilluminate.Theunitwillthenbeginitscountdowntothewake-upprocedure,during

whichtimetheaudiowillfadeuptothelevellastset.Meteringwillbegintooperatewhenthefade-upstarts.

PreliminarySet-up

TheprocedurebelowshouldbefollowedwhenfirstinstallingaSP27unit.

-Designyourcrossover!Todothis,press,andusetheorkeytoselect'

menu'ENTERBACKNEXT'Designacrossover' ENTERBACKNEXT

andthenpress.Usetheorkeytoselectandthenpress

.Finally,usetheorkeytoselectthedesiredroutingandfollowtheset-upwizardto

MENUBACKNEXTCrossoversub-

finaliseyourdesign.

-Notethatwheninamenu,isalwaysusedtoconfirmselections.Thecurrentselectionismarkedwith

ENTER

anasterisk'*'.

-Usethekeysoneachoutputchannelwiththeandkeystoselectthehighpassfilters,low

EDITBACKNEXT

passfilters,parametricsetc.Notethatwhendesigninganewcrossover,thehighandlowpassfilterswillbe settodefaultvalues.

-Usethekeysoneachinputchannelwiththeandkeystoselectthegain,delayand

EDITBACKNEXT

parametricsavailableoneachinput.

NOTE

Thewake-uptimecountdownmaybeadjustedintheSYSTEMmenu-seepage23fordetails.

Fordetailsaboutadjustingtheroutingifoneofthestandardconfigurationsdoesnotsuit,seepage15.

Notethatifnoactionistakeninmenumode,theunitwillreturntonormal'default'modeafter abouttwenty(20)seconds.Repeattheabovedirectionstoreturntomenumode.

RoutingOptionsandProcessingBlocks

DuetothecompletelynewDSPplatform,theroutingpossibilitieswithinthehavebeenmadecompletely flexible,withamatrixavailableallowinganycombinationofinputstoberoutedtoanyoutput.Theadditional DSPpowerhaspermittedtheinclusionofmoreprocessingblocks,evenconsideringtheextrainputsand outputs,andthedoublingofsamplerate.

Toreduceset-uptimeandaidusability,severalstandardconfigurationsareavailableasdescribedinalater section.

Thissectionwilloutlinetheprocessingblocksavailableinrelationtothesignalpath,andexplainthevarious optionsforrouting,includingthe"FreeAssign"mode,whichopensupcompletelyflexiblechannelrouting.

InputChannelMakeup

Thediagrambelowshowstheprocessingavailableoneachofthefourinputchannels,beforeroutingtothe matrix.

SP27

OutputChannelMakeup Thediagrambelowshowstheprocessingavailableoneachoftheeightoutputchannels,afterroutingfromthe

matrix.

PresetRoutingConfigurations

Inadditiontotheabilitytoassignanycombinationofinputstoanyoutput,anumberofpresetconfigurations areprovided,forusewhendesigningacrossoverfromscratch.Thesehavetheadvantageofsuggested settingsforthehighandlowpassfilterstousefulbasicstartingpoints,tofilterthedifferentoutputsas appropriateforthechosenconfiguration.Thesemay,ofcourse,befreelymodifiedafterwardsshouldtheynot suittherequirementsexactly.

Thediagramsonthefollowingpagesshowtheconnectionsmadebetweeninputsandoutputs.

2x3waycrossover 1x6waycrossover

2x2way+mono

FreeAssignRouting

Ifnoneofthepresetconfigurationsareappropriatetotherequiredsystemsetup,itispossibletomanually selecttheroutingofthecrossover.Thisisachievedthroughthe.

CrossoverMenu->DesignACrossover

Pressingwillstartthecrossoverdesignwizard,withthefirstoptionbeingtochoosetherouting.

Thedisplaywillshow

orwhateverthecurrentconfigurationissetto.Pressuntilthedisplayshows

Andthenpress.Thekeywillilluminate foroutput1,aswillanyrelevantinputkeys, showingwhichinputsarefeedingoutput1.Thedisplay willalsodetailthecurrentcombinationofinputsfeeding thisoutput.Tochangetheroutingforanyoutput,press itskey,andthenchoosetherequiredinput

EDIT

channelcombinationbyjustpressingtheinput keysasappropriate.Theinputcombinationscanalso besteppedthroughinturnbypressing,or

BACK

Tocompletetheprocedure,press.Thewizard willcontinue,andiftheroutinghasbeenchanged,all outputswillbemutedonexit.

ENTER

DesignACrossover->

Routing=2X4WAY*

BACK

DesignACrossover-> Routing=FreeAssign

ENTEREDIT

EDIT

ENTER

PressEDITinputkeysto select/deselectinputs

PressEDITtoshowinput

routingselection....

EditingAudioParameters-InputChannels

InputGain

Therangeofthecontrolovertheinputgainis–40dBto+6dBin0.1dBsteps.

GainInputAInA

InputGain=+6.0dB

Gain

BaseDelay

Themaximumavailabledelaybetweenanyinputandoutputis650.00mS.Forexample,iftheinputdelayon channelAissetto500mS,themaximumavailableoutputdelayforanyoutputfedfrominputAwillbe150mS. Thereadoutunitscanbechangedbetweentimeinmilliseconds,distanceinfeetordistanceinmetres.Please seepageformoredetails.

DelayInputAInA

BaseDelay=0.00mS

x1mS

343mm

x10uS

4mm

InputParametricEQ

Thereareeightbandsofparameterequalisationavailableoneveryinput.Thebehaviourofeachindividual bandcanbechangedtoavarietyofdifferentfiltershapes,includinghighandlowshelves,notch,and bandpass.ChangingthefiltertypeisachievedbypressingENTERduringeditinganyparticularband.For moredetailsaboutthevarioustypesoffilteravailable,pleaseseepage.

PEQ:1<>InputAInA

1k00HzQ=3.00.0dB

Frequency “Q” Gain

EditingAudioParameters-OutputChannels

OutputGain

Therangeofthecontrolovertheinputgainis–40dBto+15dBin0.1dBsteps.

GainOutput1OP1

OutputGain=+6.0dB

Gain

OutputPolarity

Thepolarity(orphase)ofeachoutputmaybeswitchedindividuallyasbelow.

PolarOutput1OP1

Polarity=[+]

-or+

OutputDelay

DelayOutput1OP1

Delay=0.0000mS

x1mS

343mm

x10uS

4mm

x0.3uS

0.1mm

OutputHighPassFilter

Thehighpasscrossoverfilteroneachoutputhasafrequencyrangeof<10Hzupto32kHzin1/36Octave steps.Ifyoutrytosetthehighpassfiltertoahigherfrequencythanthelowpass(whichwouldbepointless andresultinnooutput),themessageHigh/LowFreq.Overlap!willbedisplayed.Notethattoaccessthe 48dB/Octavefilters,parametricbands6&7needtobebypassed,orsetto0dB.Iftheyarenot,themessage BypassPEQ's6&7ToAccess48dBSlopeswillbedisplayed.

HPF/--Output1OP1

<10HzLinkw-Riley48dB

Frequency

Slope

OutputLowPassFilter

Thelowpasscrossoverfilteroneachoutputhasafrequencyrangeof35.1Hzupto>32kHzin1/36Octave steps.Ifyoutrytosetthelowpassfiltertoalowerfrequencythanthehighpass(whichwouldbepointless andresultinnooutput),themessageHigh/LowFreq.Overlap!willbedisplayed.Notethattoaccessthe 48dB/Octavefilters,parametricbands8&9needtobebypassed,orsetto0dB.Iftheyarenot,themessage BypassPEQ's8&9ToAccess48dBSlopeswillbedisplayed.

Output1OP1

>32kHzLinkw-Riley48dB

LPF--\

SlopeFrequency

OutputParametricEQ

Thereareninebandsofparametricequalisationavailableoneveryoutput.Thebehaviourofeachindividual bandcanbechangedtoavarietyofdifferentfiltershapes,includinghighandlowshelves,notch,and bandpass.ChangingthefiltertypeisachievedbypressingBYPASStobypassthefilterandthenpressing ENTERduringeditinganyparticularband.Formoredetailsaboutthevarioustypesoffilteravailable,please seepage42.

PEQ:1<>Output1OP1

1k00HzQ=3.00.0dB

GainFrequency “Q”

OutputLimiter

wizard,intheCrossoverSub-Menu.

Thelimiteroneachoutputhasadjustableattackandthreshold,withareleasetimethatisselectabletobea multiplieroftheattacktime.Forexample,asshownbelow,theattacktimeis2mSandreleaseis“x16”so32mS. Theattackandreleasetimescanbeautomaticallylinkedtothehighpassfilterfrequency,sothattheyaresetto correctvaluesfortheoutput'sfrequencyrange.Ifthisfeatureisenabled,thedisplaywillshowAutomaticT/Cin placeoftheattackandreleasetimes.SelectionofautomatictimeconstantsisthroughtheDesignaCrossover

LimiterOutput1OP1

Atk=2.0mSRel=x16+22dB

Attack

Release

Threshold

Output“D-Max”(Clip)Limiter

Thecliplimiteroneachoutputisdesignedtositatathresholdjustabovethestandardlimiterandhasalook aheadattacksothatitsthresholdcanneverbeexceeded.Thereleasetimecanbeautomaticallylinkedtothe highpassfilterfrequency,sothatitissettoavalueappropriatefortheoutput'sfrequencyrange.Ifthisfeature isenabled,thedisplaywillshowRel.=Autoinplaceofthereleasetime.Selectionofautomatictime constantsisthroughthe DesignaCrossoverwizard,intheCrossoverSub-Menu.

Moreinformationaboutthelimitersandtheiruseisgiveninthesectiononpage.

Output1OP1

Rel.=Medium2dBAbove

ClipLim

SlopeFrequency

InputGangingandOutputGanging

Themethodoflinkinginputsoroutputstogetherduringeditingisachievedinthesameway,soonlycrossover

(output)gangingwillbeexplainedhere.HavingselectedCrossoverGangingfromthemenuunderthe CrossoverSub-Menu,thecurrentgangingset-upwillbedisplayed.Thiswilleitherbeapresetselectionas wouldbeusefulinastandardcrossoverconfiguration–forexample

<-CrossoverGanging

Ganging=1+3+5+72+4+6+8

…wouldbealogicalgangingarrangementifthecrossoverwassetupasa–linkingthecontroland adjustmentofall“Low”outputstogether,andthatofall“High”outputstogether.

However,ifthecrossoverhasnotbeensetupwithapresetroutingconfiguration,thenitmayberequiredto setupthegangingtocomplimentthisconfiguration.ThisisachievedusingtheFreeAssignmode.Thisis selectedfromthepresetgangingchoices,whichare:

Ganging=None

Ganging=FreeAssign[chooseganging]

Ganging=1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8[1x8way] Ganging=1+52+63+74+8[4x2way] Ganging=1+3+5+72+4+6+8[2x4way]

SelectingFreeAssignandthenpressingENTERwillbegintheprocessofgangingoutputstogetherusingthe followingsimplerules:

-Alloutputsaregangedtothelowestnumber–sotogangmustbeselectedandthengangedto

-Outputscannotsharemorethanonegangingset–soforexampleoutput unlesstheyaregangedtogetheraswell.()

Effectively3and4aregangedto2inthiscase

3&5,53.

4x2way

[alloutputsindependent]

3cannotbegangedto2and4

PressMUTEtoselect

channeltogang

Withtheserulesinmind,selectingandsettingupgangsisquitestraightforward.

(-CrossoverGanging-)

GangOutput1with1

PressEDITkeystogang flashingchannelwithselection

EDITLEDwilllighttoshowlowestnumberingang

PressaMUTEkeytochoosetheoutputtogang–itsLEDwillbegintoflash,andanEDITkeywillilluminateto showwhichoutputitiscurrentlygangedwith.Tochangethisselection,justpressanotherEDITkey, rememberingthatgangsworkfromthehighesttolowestnumber.So,togangoutputs

thenEDIT1

–thedisplaywillshow

<-CrossoverGanging

GangOutput5with1

MUTEbeginstoflash

1and5,pressMUTE5

GangingisclearedbyselectingGanging=Nonefromtheinitialchoicesgivenabove.TheInputGanging procedureisidenticaltothecrossoverganging,selectableundertheInputSub-Menu.

MenuSystemOverview

MenuSystemShortcuts

Alotoffunctionshavebeenassignedmenushortcuts–theseareaccessibledirectlyfromthedefaultscreen

bypressingfollowedbytheappropriateorbuttonasshown.Theentirelistoffeatures

MENUMUTEEDIT

accessibleinthiswayisgivenbelow.

StoreGraphicMemory

StoreInputMemory StoreCrossoverMemory StoreGlobalMemory

RecallGraphicMemory

RecallInputMemory RecallCrossoverMemory

RecallGlobalMemory

SystemStatus ExternalInterfaceSet-up

ChangeGraphicQ/Bandwidth

FilterQ/Bandwidth DisplayReadout DelayUnitsTime/DistanceReadout AESInputStatus

-----

DesignaCrossover InputGanging Crossover(Output)Ganging InputReset UnitLocking

AESOutputMode

-----

MenusinDetail

GLOBALMEM.

RecallaMemory

StoreaMemory

EraseaMemory

INPUTSECTION

InputGanging

InputReset

CROSSOVER

DesignaCrossover

CrossoverGanging

INTERFACE

ExternalInterface

Recall,InputandCrossoverMemoriesorcombinationsof. Store,InputandCrossoverMemoriesorcombinationsof. Erase,InputandCrossoverMemoriesorcombinationsof.

Gang(link)inputstogethersotheirparameterstrack. Startwizardtoresetsectionsofinputparameters

Setupanewcrossoverfromscratch.Thisselectionstartsawizardtoguidethroughthe process.Alsoselectthistoaltertheset-upofthecurrentcrossover. Gang(link)outputstogethersotheirparameterstrack.

Startsawizardtoconfigurethebaudrate,ID

GPIInterface

SYSTEM

SystemStatus

LCDContrast

LEDBrightness

TemperatureAlarm

Wake-upTime

OutputMetersOpt’n

FilterQ/Bandwidth

DelayTime/Dist’nce

ClipLEDHoldTime

SetDate&Time

ConfiguretheGPIinputsusedforclosedcontactmemoryrecall(hardwareoption).

Displaysaseriesofinformationscreensincludingsoftwareversion,temperature, hardwareandfirmwareversions,dateandtime.Press NEXT tojumpthroughinfo. Adjusttheviewingangleofthescreen. AdjustthebrightnessofallthemetersandbuttonLEDs. Setthethresholdfortheunittoflashawarningtemperaturemessageonthescreen.

Adjustthetimebeforetheaudiofadesinonstart-up – canalsobeset tokeepmuteson whenpoweredup. Selectthemonitoringpointforthemeters – eitherpreorpostmute(someterscanbe settoworkevenwhenoutputsmuted) Selectthereadoutunitsforthe‘Q’settingofparametricfilters – ‘Q’is1/Bandwidth(in octaves)– small‘Q’valuesmeanwideresponsevariations. Selectthereadoutunitsforalldelayvalues – eithertime,ordistanceinfeetormetres.

SelectthetimethattheinputCLIPLEDs stayilluminatedforafteranoverloadhas passed. Adjusttherealtimeclocksettings.

SECURITY

UnitLocking

AES/EBU

AESStatusInfo.

Protecttheunitagainstunauthorisedaccesswithapassword - pleaseseepage 33 for moredetails.

InformationscreenshowingdetailsoftheincomingAESstreams(samplerate/lock).

MemoryStructure

AswiththeSP26,theSP27hasitsmemorysplitintosections,allowingindependentrecallofcrossover

settings(i.e.allparametersassociatedwithoutputs),andinputsettings.Additionally,thegraphicequaliser settingsarestoredinindependentlocations.

Thereare,therefore,threetypesofmemoryavailable–,. These,andallcombinationsofmemorytypes,appearinthe,andits operationwarrantsalittlemoreexplanation.

Selectingtoorusingtheoptionoffersthepossibilityofstoringvarious combinationsoftheavailablememorytypes,andtheseareselectedusingtheandkeys.

Toexplainhowthisallworks,pleaseconsiderthefollowingexample. Thereare10memoriesstoredintheunitwithvariouscombinationsofinputandcrossovermemories.

StoreRecallGlobalMemory

INPUTCROSSOVER

GLOBALMEMORYSubMenu

BACKNEXT

Ascanbeseen,differentmemorylocationscontaindifferentcombinationsofthethreememorytypes available.IfitisrequiredtorecallalocationthatcontainsInput,GraphicandCrossoversettings,thiswilllimit theselectionasshownoverleaf…

Therewillbethreememoriestochoosefrominthis

case,aslocation6isanInput&Crossovermemory, whilst8and10willappearastheycontainInputand Crossoverinformationaswell.

Asonlymemory8andmemory10haveall3types stored,thesewillbetheonlynumbersavailable duringarecall.

However,considertheexamplewherethetypeof recallissettoInput&Crossover.Inthisinstance, notonlywillthememorylocationsthathavejust InputandCrossovertypesstoredbeavailable,but thelocations8&10willalsobeshowninthelist.

SelectionofCrossovermemoriesonlywill additionallyincludelocations1and6inthelistof memoriesavailableforrecall,asshownbelow.

Inthiswayitispossibletorecallpartofamemory, aslongasitcontainsthememorytyperequired.

The4Serieshave256memorylocations,but thesearedynamicinnature–obviouslya memorycontainingInput,GraphicandCrossover settingstakesupmorespacethanonecontaining justInputsettings.Storageof56memories containingInput.

RemoteControlInterfaceOperation

RS232Interface

Thisinterfaceisfittedasstandardtoallunitsandisaccessedviathe9-pinD-typeconnectorontherearofthe unit.Notethattoconnecttoacomputer'sCOM(serial)portcorrectly,aone-to-onecablemustbeused,and NOTa'nullmodem'cable.A'nullmodem'cablehasthe'transmit'and'receive'wiresswappedoverandwill notwork.

TheRS232connectionissuitablefordistancesofaboutamaximumof25feetbetweenthePCandtheunit.If youexperienceproblemswiththeconnections,consider

·selectingaslowerbaudrate

·selectingthe'UseAcknowledgeCmd'optioninAudioCore(seetheRemoteMenu>RS232 Configurationwindow)

·runningtheunitviatheRS485interface

Notethanonlyoneunitatatimemaybeconnectedtothecomputerviathisinterface.Additionalunitsmaybe 'daisy-chained'viatheRS485connectionsfromthebackofthefirstone(itactingasaconverterforthem),but theirRS232portsarenotused.

RS232Connection(SingleUnit) Atypicalinterfaceset-upmightinvolverunninganRS232linkfromlaptoporadesktopcomputertoaSP27

unitsetupasamasterunit.Thediagrambelowshowsthismethodofconnection,therequiredmenuoptions arealsogiven.NotethattheRS232cablemustbea1-1connectiontype,NOTanullmodemcable(which hasconnectionscrossedinternally).

LoadingNewSoftwareviaaPC Theunit'sinternalsoftwaremaybeupdatedviatheRS232port,oneunitatatime.Werecommend

disconnectingallotherdeviceswhenupdatingthesoftware. Theunit'sinterfacemustbesetasRS232MasteronID1forthePCloaderprogramtorecogniseitandallow

theupdatetobesent. Downloadthelatestversionoftheloaderprogramandtheunitsoftwareandfollowtheinstructionsincluded

withthiszipfile.AnRSSfeedisavailableonthewebsitetoensureimmediatenotificationofsoftware releases.

ONLY

AESInputs

TheSP27SeriesunitshaveafullAESimplementationbuiltinasstandard.Thisallowstheunittoreceive

digitalaudiodirectly.Theswitchingofinputcanbeperformedindependently,andtheinclusionofsamplerate convertersontheinputsallowstheunittoacceptsampleratesfrom32kHzupto192kHz.

AESInput Inputselectionisviaarecessedswitchontherear

paneloftheunit,betweeninputBandoutput1.A redLEDinsidethisapertureilluminatestoshowthat theAESdigitalinputshavebeenselected. AcomplimentaryLEDonthefrontpanelalso illuminates.TheswitchcontrolstherearpanelLED directly,whilstthefrontpaneloneisviatheprocessor, allowingittorelayalittlemoreinformation. Ifitisflashing,thismeansthatAESinputshave beenselectedbuthavenotlocked.Onceastable AESsignalisbeingreceived,itwillbepermanently illuminated.

TheAESinputsaremarkedontherearpanel–

forchannelAuseinputA,

andforchannelBuseinputB.

AESDiagnosticsandStatusInformation

AlsoundertheAES/EBUSubMenuistheAESStatusInformationoption,whichcanbeusedtocheckthe

incomingsamplerate(s)andconfirmthatthedataisbeingreceivedcorrectly. Pressingwillfirstshow

ThisdisplayshowsthecorrectoperationoftheAEStransmittersV1,V2.Theletteraftereachisthesilicon version(andisofnoimportancetotheuser).

Pressingagainwillshow

ThisdisplayshowsthestatusofthetwoAESreceivers,inputAontheleft,andInputBontheright.The sampleratetheunithasbeenabletolocktoisshown,orUNLOCKEDwillbedisplayedinitsplace.Theunit willlocktosampleratesfrom32kHzuptoandincluding192kHz.

Theunit'sownprocessingsamplerateis96kHz,andAESoutputdataisalwaysat96kHz.Internalsample rateconverterswilltranslateallincomingratesto96kHz–oneconverterforeachAESinput.Thisallowsthe twoinputstreamstobeatdifferentratesifnecessary.

ENTER

AESDeviceStatus

V1:EV2:E

ENTER

AESDeviceStatus V:96k0V:96k0

SecurityandLocking

AfterselectingtheSecuritySubMenuandpressing,selectoneofthelocktypes,choosingthemost

appropriateoneforyourapplication.Asever,willconfirmyourselection.

UserSpecific

Uponpressingtoselectthistypeoflock,eachparametergroupispresentedinturn.Choosethetype oflock(asabove)usingtheencoder,andpresstoconfirmeachparameter.Afterthelast parameter,theunitrequestsapassword.Thedescriptionofthisoperationisgivenattheendofthissection. Thisoptionallowstheusertospecify,foreachtypeofparameter,whetheritistobecompletelyaccessible ('NoLock'),viewablebutnotadjustable('Control'),oreffectivelyunavailable('Display').Theabilitytooperate mutes,storeorrecallmemories,orevenaccessthemenusmayalsobelocked.

XoverOnly

Allinputparametersareavailable,butonlythegaintrim(6dB)isavailableontheoutputs,effectivelylocking allthecrossoversettings.Allmutesremainactive.

Xover+Trim

Allinputparametersavailable,butnooutputparameters–thecrossoversectionsarecompletelylocked.All mutesremainactive.

Xover+Trim+Mute

Asfor'Xover+Trim'butadditionally,outputmutesarelocked.Inputmutesremainactive.

ChangesOnly

Allparametersmaybeviewed,butnonemaybeadjusted.Thisappliestobothinputsandoutputs.Allmutes remainactive.

Changes+Views

Noparametersareaccessible–ineffectthekeysdonothing.Allmutesremainactive.

Changes+Mutes

Allparametersmaybeviewed,butnonemaybeadjusted.Thisappliestobothinputsandoutputs.Allmutes arealsolocked.

EVERYTHING

Noparametersareaccessible–ineffecttheandkeysdonothing.

ENTER

FREQENTER

ENTER

EDIT

EDITMUTE

ENTER

EnteringthePasswordtoCompletetheLockingOperation

Afterselectionofthelocktypefromthelistabove,afour-digitsecuritycodewillbeaskedfor.Thiscanbe enteredbyusingthecontroltoselectacharacter,andtheandkeystomovetothenext character.

Alternatively, thekeyscanbeusedtoenteracodebypressinganycombinationofthesixbuttons.Each

keyrepresentsitschannellabelling,soanycombinationof,canbeusedasacode,

EDITA,B,1,2,3,4,5,6

asshownbelow.Presstoacceptcodeandthenre-enterittoconfirm.

FREQBACKNEXT

EDIT

ENTER

A B 1 2 3 4 5 6

HINT

Topreventexternalcomputercontrolbeingusedtoadjustlockedsettings,besuretoset theexternalinterfacetoOFFbeforelockingouttheunit.

UnlockingtheUnit

Tounlocktheunitpressandthentypethecodein.Thiscanbeenteredbyusingthecontrolto selectacharacter,andtheandkeystomovetothenextcharacter.Alternatively,thekeys canbeusedtoenteracodebypressinganycombinationoftheeightbuttons.Eachkeyrepresentsits channellabelling,asdescribedinthelockingsection.

ForgottenthePassword? Don'tpanic!Yourunitcanstillbeunlocked.InanattempttoimprovethesecuritysystemontheSP27,and

preventastandardmasterpasswordfrombecomingcommonknowledge,theunitsnowhavearandom passwordkeygenerator.

Theprocedureforunlockingaunitusingthepasswordoverrideisexplainedbelow: Switchtheunitonwiththekeyheldinmomentarily.Afterafewseconds,theunitwillaskforasecurity

code.Usethekeysinthesamemannerasforenteringlockcodes(seepagefordetails)andenter

2121. Thedisplaywillshow:

TheBreakCode(intheexample12345)shouldbenotedandsupplied.Wehavesoftwaretogeneratethe correspondingPassCodewhichshouldbetypedin,followedby.Thiswillunlocktheunitandwipe thepreviouspassword.

EDIT

ENTERFREQ

BACKNEXTEDIT

EDIT

EnterSuppliedCode:

BreakCode=12345[NNNN]

ENTER

Notethefollowingaboutthisprocedure: OncetheBreakCodehasbeennoted,doNOTpressagainduringtheoperationoftheunit(exceptto

getbacktothispointonpowerup),oradifferentcodewillbegenerated.Theunitmaybeusedasnormal,but everypressofwillchangetheBreakCode,sothePassCodesupplywillnotwork!

Theunitmaybeswitchedonandoffasnecessary–justbesureNOTtopress,ortheentireBreak Codeprocedurewillhavetoberepeated.

ADVANCEDAUDIOFEATURES

ProgramLimiterand“D-Max”Limiter

TheSP27unitshavetwolevelsofdynamicprotectiononitsoutputs–atraditionalprogramlimiter,anda newlyintroduced“D-Max”limiter.

ProgramLimiter

Highperformancedigitallimitersareprovidedforeachoutputwithcontroloverattacktime,releasetimeand thresholdparameters-seepagefordetails.Thislevelofcontrolallowstheusertobalancetherequired subjectivequalityofthelimiteragainstthedriverprotectionrequirements.Itdoesalsomeanthatan incorrectlysetlimitermaysoundawful!Inparticular,aswithalllimiters,usingtoofastanattackorreleasetime willresultin excessivelowfrequencydistortion.Inthesub-menuthereisanoptionforautomatic limitertimeconstants.Usethisoptionifyouareunsurehowtosetthetimeconstantsmanually.Itis recommendedtheuseoftheautomaticsetting.

InthismodethetimeconstantswillbeautomaticallysetfromtheHigh-Passfilterfrequencyaccordingtothe tablebelow.

Thetimeconstantsaresetbythehighpassfilterfrequencyforthatchannel.

DesignaCrossover

HighPassFilter AutoAttackTime ReleaseTime

<10Hz – 31Hz 45mS x16(720mS)

31Hz – 63Hz 16mS x16(256mS)

63Hz – 125Hz 8mS x16(128mS) 125Hz– 250Hz 4mS x16(64mS) 250Hz– 500Hz 2mS x16(32mS)

500Hz - 1kHz 1mS x16(16mS)

1kHz – 2kHz 0.5mS x16(8mS)

2kHz – 32kHz 0.3mS x16(4mS)

“D-Max”ClipLimiter

Themainlimitationwithtraditionaldynamicscontrolistheinabilityoftheprocessingtoreacttruly instantaneouslytothesignal.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesofdigitalsignalprocessingover analogueistheabilitytodelaytheaudiosignalpreciselyandwithoutextensivecomplexhardware.Theentire domainofdigitalsignalprocessingisbasedaroundthecombinationofdelaying,multiplying,andaccumulating numbers(representingsamplesofaudio)toimplementallthefiltersanddynamicsprocessingwehavecome toexpecttoday.

Inthecaseofdynamicsprocessing,beingabletodelayasignalallowstheprocessormoduletodelaythe mainsignalinrelationtothesidechain(thesignalbeingmonitoredrelativetothethreshold),sothatitcan compensateforpeakspriortothearrivalofthemainsignal.

Considerthesituationofamonitorengineerlisteningtoabandperform.Havingnoaccesstodynamics processors,hehashadtoresorttomanually'ridingthefaders'inanattempttokeepcontrolofthelevels. Shouldthelevelofoneofthechannelsonhisdeskreachanunacceptablyhighlevel,hewillturnitdown appropriately.

Thereisahiddensidechaininoperation eveninthiscase.Themainsignalpathis fedthroughthemonitordeskandthegain controlledbyadjustingthefader.The sidechainisformedbythefeedbackpath betweentheengineer'searscheckingthe levelandhisbraininstructinghishandto turnthefaderdownifthevolumegoesover thethresholdhehaschosen.

Inthiscase,thedelaybetweenthesignalactuallygoingoverthethreshold,theengineerregisteringthe situation,andthenturningthesignaldownwillbeintheorderofseveralhundredmillisecondsatbest.This willonlybetrueifheisnotdistracted–inreality,itmaybeseveralsecondsbeforeanygainreductionis imposedonthesignaltobringitundercontrol.

Forananaloguedynamicsprocessor,thesituation ismuchbetter.Controllingthegainelectronically, andnotrelyingonahumansidechainfeedback mechanism,itcanreactmuchmorequickly.

Theredwaveformrepresentstheinputtothe dynamicsmodule,withthedottedlineshowingthe thresholdforgaincontroltooccur.Thereare severalpeakstowardsthestartofthissignalthat areabovethethreshold,andsothedynamics processingshouldreacttotheseasappropriate.(In thiscasereducethegain).

Thebluewaveformshowstheoutputofthe dynamicsmodule.Thecircledpeakdemonstrates thattheprocessorhasmissedthefirstpeakabove thethreshold(asitisveryfastandshort),buthas 'caughtup'shortlyafterwards,keepingallother peaksundercontrol.Asitisunabletopredictwhat iscoming,thiswillalwaysbeafailingwithanalogue dynamicsprocessing.

TheSP27“D-Max”limiterpredelaysthesidechainsignal,resultingina“zeroovershoot”limiter,whichisable

tocatchallpeaksandprovideareliableabsolutemaximumsettingfortheoutputofanychannel.

Thepredelayedsidechainisshowningreen,with themainsignalinred.Asthemainsignalarrives slightlyafterthesidechain,theoutputfromtheunit doesnotsufferfromtheovershootproblem.

Rememberthatthisdelayisonlyintheorderof tensofuS,andisa–thesidechainis movedintimeinrelationtothemainsignal.

back

Insertingadelayintothesignalpathofan

predelay

main

analoguedynamicsprocessorwillachievesimilar results,butwiththepenaltyofdelayingthemain signalbytheamountoflookaheaddelay introduced.

The“D-Max”limiterwhichappearsinoutputlistsjustfollowingthetraditionallimiter,hasonlytwoparameters toadjust:

OP1Output1ClipLim

Rel.=Medium10dBAbove

Thereleasetime(eitherFast,Medium,orSlow)andthethreshold.Notethatthethresholdissettobea minimumof2dBabovethethresholdoftheprogramlimiter–settingthethresholdto10dBAbove,asinthe example,meansthatnomorethan10dBofovershootabovethethresholdoftheprogramlimiterwilleverbe allowed.

ThereleasetimemayalsobesettofollowtheHighPassfilteroftheoutput–thisisachievedthroughthe

Crossover

sub-menu,andwillresultinthedisplaychangingtoshow

Designa

OP1Output1ClipLim

Rel.=Auto10dBAbove

SettingAccurateLimiterThresholds

ThelimitersbuiltintotheSP27Seriesareintendedtobeusedforloudspeakerdriverprotection,asopposedto amplifierprotection.Allmodernprofessionalpoweramplifiersdesignedforlivesoundusehavetheirown limiters,whicharetailoredtoprotectingtheamplifierfromclipping.

Thefollowingsectiondescribeshowtosetuptheunits'limiterstoprovideexceptionalprotectionagainstdriver overheating,andconeover-excursion. MostspeakersystemsaregivenapowerratinginWattsRMS.Thisisthemaximumcontinuouspowerthat thesystemwillhandleandoftenappearsveryconservative.Inreality,asmusicprogramisfarfrom continuousinnature,thepeakpowerofthesystemismuchhigher–uptotentimesthecontinuousfigure. Anylimiter,whichistoprotectthedriverfromdamage,mustbeabletofulfilthefollowingtasks.

·HaveanattacktimewhichiscalculatedtoallowtransientsthroughbutkeeptheRMSlevelbelowthe speakermanufacturersspecification;

·Haveareleasetimewhichissufficientlylongtoavoidthelimiteritselfmodulatingtheprogram;

·Beintelligentenoughtoadjusttheenvelopeofthelimiteraccordingtothefrequencycontent ofthe programmaterial.

Theprogramlimitersarecapableofperformingallthesetasks.Theonlyparameterthattheusermustset manuallyisthethreshold,anditiscrucialthatthisisdonecorrectly.Considerthetablebelow.

dB Ratio Vrms

45 177.83 137.74 2371.71 4743.42 9486.83 44 158.49 122.77 1883.91 3767.83 7535.66 43 141.25 109.41 1496.45 2992.89 5985.79 42 125.89 97.52 1188.67 2377.34 4754.68 41 112.20 86.91 944.19 1888.39 3776.78 40 100.00 77.46 750.00 1500.00 3000.00 39 89.13 69.04 595.75 1191.49 2382.98 38 79.43 61.53 473.22 946.44 1892.87 37 70.79 54.84 375.89 751.78 1503.56 36 63.10 48.87 298.58 597.16 1194.32 35 56.23 43.56 237.17 474.34 948.68 34 50.12 38.82 188.39 376.78 753.57 33 44.67 34.60 149.64 299.29 598.58 32 39.81 30.84 118.87 237.73 475.47 31 35.48 27.48 94.42 188.84 377.68 30 31.62 24.49 75.00 150.00 300.00

Usingthistableitisastraightforwardproceduretoworkouttherequiredsettingofthelimiterthresholdsforthe system.

Pwr8 Ω Pwr4 Ω Pwr2 Ω

“First,checktheRMSpowerratingofthespeakersystem,anditsimpedance. “Lookupthisvalueinthetableabove,usingtheclosestvaluebelowtheratedpowerofthespeaker

system.Notethecorresponding'dB'value.

”Checkthegainofyouramplifier,whichneedstobein'dB'. ”SubtractFROMthisgainfigurethatobtainedfromthetabletofindtherequiredabsolutesettingforthe

limiterthresholds.

Notethat,forsafety,alwayssetthelimiterthreshold1or2dBbelowthemaximumallowableworkedoutusing theabovemethod.

ALERT

ALWAYSREFERTOYOURSPEAKERMANUFACTURERFORLIMITERSETTINGS.

CrossoverFilterSlopes

Itshouldalsobenotedthattheturnoverfrequencydisplayedonthescreenisthe-3dBpointforalltypes exceptLinkwitz-Rileywherethe-6dBpointisshown.Ifthe-6dBpointistobeusedfortheBesselor Butterworthfilter,taketherequiredcrossoverfrequency,multiplythisbytheappropriatefactorfromthe followingtableandthenselecttheclosestavailablefrequencyonthedisplay.

FilterType Highpassfactors Lowpassfactors

Bessel12dB/Oct. 1.45 0.69 Butterworth12dB/Oct. 1.31 0.76 Bessel18dB/Oct. 1.37 0.73 Butterworth18dB/Oct. 1.19 0.84 Bessel24dB/Oct. 1.35 0.74 Butterworth24dB/Oct. 1.15 0.87 Bessel48dB/Oct. 1.39 0.72 Butterworth48dB/Oct. 1.08 0.93

Pleasenotethatunlikeconventionalanaloguecrossovers,crossoverpointsandslopesaresetwithabsolute accuracysincecomponenttoleranceproblemsdonotoccur.

Pleaseseepagefordetailsofhowtoadjustthehighandlowpasscrossoverfiltersettings.

TimeAlignment

AfurtheradvantageoftheSP27Seriesoverconventionalproductsistheprovisionofanindependently adjustabledelaysectionforeachoutput.Thisallowsthetruearrivaltimefrommultipledriverstoprecisely alignedratherthanrelyingonthecompromise'phaseadjust'approach.Delaytimeisadjustablein03Ssteps (0.1mm). Pleaseseepagefordetailsofhowtoadjustthedelaytimes.

Toconvertfromunitsoftime(i.e.milliseconds)tounitsofdistanceusethefollowingformula: 1millisecond=343mm(1.126ft)@20C(68F)

Tocalculatetimedelayforaknowndistance,use: Timedelay=

Distanceinmeters

20.06x273+C

whereCisthetemperatureinC.

Tosimplifythisequationat20C. Delaytimeinmilliseconds= (Distanceinmetersx2.192)or(Distanceinfeetx0.955)

Note:Centigrade=(Fahrenheit–32)x0.5555.

ParametricFilterTypesandTheirUses

AwideselectionoffiltertypeshasbeenmadeavailableunderthePEQsectionwheneditinginputoroutput filters.ScrollingthroughthevariousfiltertypesisachievedbyrepeatedpressesoftheENTERkey.Notethat thiswillonlychangefiltertypesifthefilterisBYPASSEDortheGAINsetto0dB.Bypassingthefilter,then changingtypesusingtheENTERkeywillautomaticallysetthegainbackto0dB.

Eachfiltertypewillbeexplainedinturninthefollowingsection.

StandardParametricEQ

InAInputAPEQ:1<>

1k00HzQ=3.00.0dB

Thestandardparametricbandhasadjustable frequency,'Q'(orBandwidth)andGaincontrols. Theseaffectarangeoffrequenciessymmetrically aboutthecentrefreqencyasshowninthegraph.

Variouslevelsofcutandboostareshowntotheleft, alongwithvarious'Q'settings(gainboostsonlyare shownbelow).Rememberthat'Q'is1/Bandwidth, sothehigherthe'Q',thelowertheBandwidth,and thesmallertherangeoffrequenciesaffected.

ShelvingEQ(HighShelfshown)

Rememberthat'Q'is1/Bandwidth,sothehigher

the'Q',thelowertheBandwidth,andthesmallerthe rangeoffrequenciesaffected.

InAInputAHSF:1-<::

1k00HzQ=3.00.0dB

Remember–tochangefiltertypes,pressBYPASS tobypassthefilter,andthenuseENTERtoselect thefiltertype.

TheshelvingEQhasadjustablefrequency,'Q'(or Bandwidth)andGaincontrols.Theseaffectarange offrequenciesfromtheturnoverfreqencyasshown inthegraph.Forahighshelf,frequenciesabove theturnoverfrequencywillbeaffected.Foralow shelf,frequenciesbelowtheturnoverfrequencywill beaffected. Variouslevelsofcutandboostareshowntotheleft, alongwithvarious'Q'settings(gainboostsonlyare showbelow).

Notethat'Q'settingsabove0.75willresultinslight overshootinthefilterresponse(asseenatthe highestsettingtotheright).Thisisnormal behaviouranddoesnotindicateinstability.

CreatingaFlat-toppedEQResponse

Tocreateaflat-toppedEQfilterresponsesuchas thatshowntotheleft,usetwoEQbands,BOTH configuredaslowshelves.ForanoverallBOOST, settheLowerfrequencyfiltertoBOOSTthedesired amount,andtheUpperfrequencyfiltertoCUTby thesameamount.

Thisexampleshowsonefilterat100Hzandthe otherat2kHz,withthe100Hzfilterat–10dB,and the2kHzfilterat+10dB.Varyingthe'Q'affectsthe slopeoftheresponse–valuesabove0.75will causeovershootasshown.

Assymetricalresponsesmaybeachievedby adjustingthe'Q'ofeachfilterindependantly.

Low/HighPassVariable'Q'Filter(LowPassshown)

InAInputALPF:1~~\

1k00HzQ=3.0LPFVarQ

Remember–tochangefiltertypes,pressto bypassthefilter,andthenusetoselectthefilter type.

Thelowandhighpassvariable'Q'filtershave adjustablefrequencyand'Q'(orBandwidth)controls. The'Q'controladjustthedampingofthefilter,sothat low'Q'settingsshowlessovershootattheturnover frequency,butalsoslowerroll-off.

Rememberthat'Q'is1/Bandwidth,sothehigherthe'Q', thelowertheBandwidth,andthesmallertherangeof

frequenciesaffected.Thefilterisprimarily12dB/Octave, butinachievingthissortofroll-offwithahigh'Q'valuewillresultinquitealargeovershootinlevelatthe turnoverfrequency.Thistypeoffilterisoftenalsocalledaresonantfilter.

ENTER

BYPASS

Specifications

Inputs:

2/4electronicallybalanced

Impedance:>10kohms. CMRR:>65dB50Hz-10kHz.

Outputs

:4/6/8electronicallybalanced SourceImp:<60ohms Min.Load:600ohm Max.Level:+20dBminto600ohm

Limiters

ProgramLimiter: Threshold:+22dButo-10dBu Attacktime:0.3to90milliseconds Releasetime:2/4/8/16/32xAttacktime

“D-Max”Limiter: AttackTime:-60uS ReleaseTime:Slow/Medium/Fast

FrequencyResp

.:½dB20Hz-20kHz

-3dB@32kHz

Dyn.Range Distortion:

:>116dB20Hz-20kunwtd

<.02%@1kHz,+18dBm MaximumDelay:650mS MinStepSize:03S

InputGain: OutputGain

+6dBto-40dBin0.1dBsteps

:+15dBto-40dBin0.1dBstepsand

mute

ParametricEqualisation

8perInput/9SectionsperOutput FilterGain:+15dBto-30dBin0.1dBsteps. Freq.Range:19.7Hz-32kHz,1/36octavesteps. FilterQ/BW:0.4to128/2.5to0.008 (Sectionsswitchedtoshelvingresponse) Lowfrequency:19.2Hz-1kHz Highfrequency:1kHz-32kHz Shelfgains:15dBin0.1dBsteps.

HighandLowpassFilters

Filters:1ofeachperoutput. Freq.RangeHPF:10Hz-16kHz 1/36octavesteps. Freq.RangeLPF:35Hz-22kHz 1/36octavesteps. Responses:

1Order6dB/Oct. Bessel/Butterworth/Linkwitz-Riley12-24-48dB/Oct. Bessel/Butterworth18dB/Oct.

Display:

Inputmeter: Outputmeter:

2x24CharacterLCD

2x6point,-24dBtodigitalclip.

8x6point,-24dBto+4dBintolimit.

Connectors Inputs:3pinfemaleXLR Outputs:3pinmaleXLR. External:9pinDEEconnector(RS232) Power:3pinIEC

Power: Consumption: Weight: Size

60to250V15%@50/60Hz.

<30watts.

3.3kg.Net(4.7kg.Shipping)

:1.75"(1U)x19"x11.8"

(44x482x300mm)excludingconnectors

Transformeroptionsavailable

Duetocontinuingproductimprovementtheabove specificationsaresubjecttochange.

Latency:

1.5mS(analoguein–analogueout@96kHz)

Index

AESDiagnostics AESInterface AESMenu AttackTimes

BaseDelay

ClipLimiter CrossoverMenu

Delay

LookAhead DigitalIn&Out D-Max

Editing

BaseDelay

HighPassFilter

InputGain

Limiters

LowPassFilter

OutputDelay

OutputGain

ParametricEQ

Polarity

Features FlatToppedEQ FreeAssign FrontPanel

25 24 20 28

16,29 20

13 29 24 29

13 15 13 16 15 14 14 13,15 14

6 34 12 7

GangingInputs GangingOutputs GlobalMemoryMenu GraphicMenu

HighPassFilter

InputGain InputSectionMenu Interface

RS232 USB

InterfaceMenu

Limiter

OvershootPrevention LimiterThreshold Limiters LoadNewSoftware Lockouts LookAhead LookAheadDelay LowPassFilter

MasterPassword MemoryStructure Menus

Details

QuickRef.

Shortcuts

17 17 20 20

13 20

23 23 20

30 31 28 23 26 29 29 15

27 21

20 18 19

OutputDelay OutputGain

ParametricEQ PasswordOverride Passwords Polarity ProgramLimiter

QuickSetup

RearPanel ReleaseTimes ResonantFilter Routing

Basic FreeAssign Presets

RS232Interface

14 14

13,15 27 26 14 16

8 28 35 12 10 12 10 23

Security SecurityMenu ShelvingEQ Shipping Sidechain

Delay Specifications StandardParametric Start-up SystemMenu

Unlocking Unpacking USBInterface

Vari-Q

26 20 34 5

29 36 33 9 20

27 5 23

AppendixI–SP27DefaultCrossoverConfigurations

2x3Way

2x2Way+MonoSum

1x6Way

Allinformationincludedinthisoperatingmanualhavebeenscrupulouslycontrolled;howeverFBTisnot responsibleforeventualmistakes.FBTElettronicaS.p.A.hastherighttoamendproductsandspecifications withoutnotice.

FBT QUBE SP27 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual