The equipment described in this manual is
potentially hazardous. Use caution when installing,
operating and maintaining this equipment.
Purchaser is solely responsible for the safe
operation and use of all products purchased,
including compliance with OSHA and other
government standards. ESAB Cutting
Systems has no liability for personal injury or
other damage arising out of the use of any
product manufactured or sold be ESAB. See
standard ESAB terms and conditions of sale
for a specific statement of ESAB’s
responsibilities and limitations on its liability.
ESAB Cutting Systems first priority is total
customer satisfaction. We constantly look for
ways to improve our products, service and
documentation. As a result, we make
enhancements and/or design changes as
required. ESAB makes every possible effort to
ensure our documentation is current. We
cannot guarantee that each piece of
documentation received by our customers
reflects the latest design enhancements.
Therefore, the information contained in this
document is subject to change without notice.
This manual is ESAB Part Number F15800
.
This manual is for the convenience and use of the
cutting machine purchaser. It is not a contract or
other obligation on the part of ESAB Cutting
Systems.
REPLACEMENT PARTS LISTS .......................................................................................... 98
Gas Flow Rates on Flow Control Box ..................... 35
2
Gas Flow Rates on Flow Control Box ...................... 35
2
1
Table of Contents
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2
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.1 Introduction
The process of cutting metals with plasma
equipment provides industry with a valuable and
versatile tool. ESAB cutting machines are
designed to provide both operation safety and
efficiency. However, as with any machine tool,
sensible attention to operating procedures,
precautions, and safe practices is necessary to
achieve a full measure of usefulness. Whether an
individual is involved with operation, servicing, or
as an observer, compliance with established
precautions and safe practices must be
accomplished. Failure to observe certain
precautions could result in serious personnel injury
or severe equipment damage. The following
precautions are general guidelines applicable when
working with cutting machines. More explicit
precautions pertaining to the basic machine and
accessories are found in the instruction literature.
For a wide scope of safety information on the field
of cutting and welding apparatus, obtain and read
the publications listed in the Recommended
References.
1-1
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.2 Safety Notations And Symbols
!
DANGER
!
The following words and symbols are used
throughout this manual. They indicate different
levels of required safety involvement.
ALERT or ATTENTION. Your safety is
involved or potential equipment failure exists.
Used with other symbols and information.
Used to call attention to immediate hazards
which, if not avoided, will result in serious
personal injury or loss of life.
WARNING
!
CAUTION
!
CAUTION
NOTICE
Used to call attention to potential hazards that
could result in personal injury or loss of life.
Used to call attention to hazards that could
result in minor personal injury or equipment
damage.
Used to call attention to minor hazards to
equipment.
Used to call attention to important
installation, operation or maintenance
information not directly related to safety
hazards.
1-2
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.3 General Safety Information
Machinery often starts automatically.
WARNING
!
WARNING
!
This equipment moves in various directions and
speeds.
• Moving machinery can crush.
• Only qualified personnel should operate or
service this power source.
• Keep all personnel, materials, and
equipment not involved in production
process clear of entire system area.
• Fence off entire work cell to prevent
personnel from passing through area or
standing in the working envelope of the
equipment.
• Post appropriate WARNING signs at every
work cell entrance.
• Follow lockout procedure before servicing
any equipment.
Failure to follow operating instructions
could result in death or serious injury.
Read and understand this operator’s manual
before using machine.
• Read entire procedure before operating or
performing any system maintenance.
• Special attention must be given to all hazard
warnings that provide essential information
regarding personnel safety and/or possible
equipment damage.
• All safety precautions relevant to electrical
equipment and process operations must be
strictly observed by all having system
responsibility or access.
• Read all safety publications made available
by your company.
1-3
SECTION 1 SAFETY
Failure to follow safety warning label
WARNING
!
1.4 Installation Precautions
instructions could result in death or
serious injury.
Read and understand all safety warning labels
on machine.
Refer to operator’s manual for additional safety
information.
WARNING
!
Improperly Installed Equipment Can
Cause Injury Or Death.
Follow these guidelines while installing machine:
• Contact your ESAB representative before
installation. He can suggest certain
precautions regarding piping installation and
machine lifting, etc. to ensure maximum
security.
• Never attempt any machine modifications or
apparatus additions without first consulting
a qualified ESAB representative.
• Observe machine clearance requirements
for proper operation and personnel safety.
• Always have qualified personnel perform
installation, troubleshooting and
maintenance of this equipment.
• Provide a wall mounted disconnect switch
with proper fuse sizes close to the power
supply.
1-4
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.5 Electrical Grounding
Electrical grounding is imperative for proper
machine operation and SAFETY. Refer to this
manual’s Installation section for detailed grounding
instructions.
Electric shock hazard.
WARNING
!
1.6 Operating A Plasma Cutting Machine
Improper grounding can cause severe injury or
death.
Machine must be properly grounded before put
into service.
Flying debris and loud noise
WARNING
!
hazards.
• Hot spatter can burn and injure eyes. Wear
goggles to protect eyes from burns and
flying debris generated during operation.
• Chipped slag may be hot and fly far.
Bystanders should also wear goggles and
safety glasses.
• Noise from plasma arc can damage hearing.
Wear correct ear protection when cutting
above water.
Burn hazard.
WARNING
!
Hot metal can burn.
• Do not touch metal plate or parts
immediately after cutting. Allow metal time
to cool, or douse with water.
• Do not touch plasma torch immediately after
cutting. Allow torch time to cool.
1-5
SECTION 1 SAFETY
Hazardous voltages. Electric shock
WARNING
!
can kill.
• Do NOT touch plasma torch, cutting table or
cable connections during plasma cutting
process.
• Always turn power off to plasma power
supplies before touching or servicing plasma
torch.
• Always turn power off to plasma power
supplies before servicing any system
component.
• Do not touch live electrical parts.
• Keep all panels and covers in place when
machine is connected to power source.
• Wear insulating gloves, shoes and clothing
to insulate yourself from workpiece and
electrical ground.
• Keep gloves, shoes, clothing, work area,
and equipment dry.
• Replace worn or damaged cables.
Fume hazard.
WARNING
!
Fumes and gases generated by the plasma
cutting process can be hazardous to your
health.
• Do NOT breathe fumes.
• Do not operate plasma torch without fume
removal system operating properly.
• Use additional ventilation to remove fumes if
necessary.
• Use approved respirator if ventilation is not
adequate.
•
Provide positive mechanical ventilation when
cutting galvanized steel, stainless steel, copper,
zinc, beryllium, or cadmium. Do not breathe
these fumes.
• Do not operate near degreasing and
spraying operations. Heat or arc rays can react
with chlorinated hydrocarbon vapors to form
phosgene, a highly toxic gas and other irritant
gases.
1-6
SECTION 1 SAFETY
Radiation hazard.
WARNING
!
Arc rays can injure eyes and burn skin.
• Wear correct eye and body protection.
• Wear dark safety glasses or goggles with
side shields. Refer to following chart for
recommended lens shades for plasma cutting:
Arc Current Lens Shade
Up to 100 Amps Shade No. 8
100-200 Amps Shade No. 10
200-400 Amps Shade No. 12
Over 400 Amps Shade No. 14
• Replace glasses/goggles when lenses are
pitted or broken
• Warn others in area not to look directly at
the arc unless wearing appropriate safety
glasses.
• Prepare cutting area to reduce reflection
and transmission of ultraviolet light.
Use special paint on walls to absorb
UV light.
Install protective screens or curtains to
reduce ultraviolet transmission.
1-7
SECTION 1 SAFETY
Burn Hazard.
WARNING
!
Heat, spatter, and sparks cause fire and burns.
• Do not cut near combustible material.
• Do not have on your person any
combustibles (e.g. butane lighter).
• Pilot arc can cause burns. Keep torch
nozzle away from yourself and others when
activating plasma process.
• Wear correct eye and body protection.
• Wear gauntlet gloves, safety shoes and hat.
• Wear flame-retardant clothing covering all
exposed areas.
• Wear cuffless trousers to prevent entry of
sparks and slag.
• Have fire extinguishing equipment available
for use.
Explosion hazard.
WARNING
!
• Certain molten aluminum-lithium (Al-Li)
alloys can cause explosions when plasma cut
OVER water.
These alloys should only be dry cut on
a dry table.
DO NOT dry cut over water.
Contact your aluminum supplier for
additional safety information regarding
hazards associated with these alloys
• Do not cut in atmospheres containing
explosive dust or vapors.
• Do not carry any combustibles on your
person (e.g. butane lighter)
• Do not cut containers that have held
combustibles.
.
1-8
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.7 Service Precautions
Hazardous voltages. Electric shock
WARNING
!
can kill.
• Do NOT touch plasma torch, cutting table or
cable connections during plasma cutting
process.
• Always turn power off to plasma power
supplies before touching or servicing plasma
torch.
• Always turn power off to plasma power
supplies before removing covers or panels to
service any system component.
• Do not touch live electrical parts.
• Keep all panels and covers in place when
machine is connected to power source.
• Keep gloves, shoes, clothing, work area,
and equipment dry.
WARNING
!
• Inspect power and ground leads cables for
wear or cracking. Replace worn or damaged
cables. Do not use if damaged.
• Never bypass safety interlocks.
• Follow lock-out procedures.
Hot Torch can cause skin burns.
Allow torch to cool before servicing.
1-9
SECTION 1 SAFETY
Danger of Electric Shock.
DANGER
!
CAUTION
CAUTION
!
Torch may be electrically active.
Turn off Plasma Power Console before
servicing.
Establish and adhere to preventive
maintenance. A composite program can be
established from recommended schedules.
Avoid leaving test equipment or hand tools on
machine. Severe electrical or mechanical
damage could occur to equipment or machine.
Extreme caution should be used when probing
circuitry with an oscilloscope or voltmeter.
Integrated circuits are susceptible to over
voltage damage. Power off before using test
probes to prevent accidental shorting of
components.
All circuit boards securely seated in sockets, all
cables properly connected, all cabinets closed
and locked, all guards and covers replaced
before power is turned on.
The following recognized publications on safety in welding and cutting
operations are recommended. These publications have been prepared
to protect persons from injury or illness and to protect property from
damage, which could result from unsafe practices. Although some of
these publications are not related specifically to this type of industrial
cutting apparatus, the principles of safety apply equally.
• “Precautions and Safe Practices in Welding and Cutting with
Oxygen-Fuel Gas Equipment,” Form 2035. ESAB Cutting
Systems.
• “Precautions and Safe Practices for Electric Welding and Cutting,”
Form 52-529. ESAB Cutting Systems.
• “Safety in Welding and Cutting” - ANSI Z 49.1, American Welding
• “Recommended Safe Practices for Shielded Gases for Welding and
Plasma Arc Cutting” - AWS C5.10-94, American Welding Society.
• “Recommended Practices for Plasma Arc Welding” - AWS C5.1,
American Welding Society.
• “Recommended Practices for Arc Cutting” - AWS C5.2, American
Welding Society.
• “Safe Practices” - AWS SP, American Welding Society.
• “Standard for Fire Protection in Use of Cutting and Welding
Procedures” - NFPA 51B, National Fire Protection Association, 60
Batterymarch Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02110.
• “Standard for Installation and Operation of Oxygen - Fuel Gas
Systems for Welding and Cutting” - NFPA 51, National Fire
Protection Association.
• “Safety Precautions for Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon, Helium, Carbon
Dioxide, Hydrogen, and Acetylene,” Form 3499. ESAB Cutting
Systems. Obtainable through your ESAB representative or local
distributor.
• "Design and Installation of Oxygen Piping Systems," Form 5110.
ESAB Cutting Systems.
• “Precautions for Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in
Cylinders”, CGA Standard P-1, Compressed Gas Association.
Literature applicable to safe practices in welding and cutting with
gaseous materials is also available from the Compressed Gas
Association, Inc., 500 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10036.
1-11
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.8.2 International
Accident Prevention
VBG- Unfallverhütungsvorshriften
General Provisions
VBG 1
Allgemeine Unfallverhütungsvorshriften
Electrical Equipment and operating Equipment
VBG 4
Elektrische Anlagen
Welding, Cutting and related working methods
VBG 15
Schweißen un Schneiden un verwandte Verfahren
Shot Blasting Works
VBG 48
Strahlarbeiten
Gases
VBG 61
Gase
Oxygen
VBG 62
Sauerstoff
1-12
Operating liquid jet cutting machines
VBG 87
Arbeiten mit Flüssigkeitsstrahlem
VBG 93
Laser beams, accident prevention and Electrotechnology
Laserstrahlung, Unfallverhütungs-vorschriften für
Feinmechnik und Elektrotechnik
Noise
VBG 121
Lärm
SECTION 1 SAFETY
VDE Regulations
VDE - Vorschriften
VDE 0100
Erection of power installations with normal voltages up to
1000 volts
Bestimmungen für das Errichten von Stakstromanlagen
mit Nennspannungen bis 1000 Volt
Electrical equipment of industrial machines
VDE0113
VDE 0837
VDE 0837-
50
Elektrishe Ausrüstung von Industriemaschinen
Radiation safety of laser products; users guide (DIN EN
60825)
Strahlungssicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen und
Benutzungsrichtlinen (DIN EN 60825)
Specification for laser guards
Anforderung an Lasershcutzwänden
TRAC Technical Rules for Acetylene and Carbide Stores
TRAC- Techische Regein für Azetylenanlagen und Calciumcargidlager
Acetylene lines
TRAC-204
Azetylenleitungen
TRAC-206
TRAC-207
Acetylene cylinder battery systems
Azetylenflaschenbatterieanlagen
Safety devices
Sicherheitseinrichtungen
1-13
SECTION 1 SAFETY
TRG Technical Rules for Pressure gases
TRG – Technische Regein für Druckgase
TRG 100
TRG 101
TRG 102
TRG 104
General regulations for pressure gases
Allgemeine Bestimmungen für Druckgase
Pressure gases
Druckgase
Technical gas mixtures
Technishe Gasgemische
Pressure gases; alterative use of compressed gas tanks
Druckgase, wahlweise Verwendung von
Druckgasbehältem
1-14
SECTION 1 SAFETY
TRGS – Technische Richtlinien für Gefahrstoffe
TRGS-102 Techn. Richtkonzentration (TRK) für gefährliche Stoffe
DIN Standards
DIN-Normen
TRGS-402
TRGS-900 Grenzwerte in der Luft am Arbeitsplatz (Luftgrenzwerte)
TA TA-Luft un TA-Lärm (BLm SchV)
DIN 2310
Part 1
Teil 1
DIN 2310
Part 2
Teil 2
DIN 2310
Part 4
Teil 4
Ermittlung u. Beurteilung der Konzentration gefährlicher
Stoffe in der Luft im Arbeitsbereich
Thermal cutting; terminology and nomenclature
Thermsiches Schneiden, Allgemeine Begriffe und
Bennungen
Thermal cutting; determination of quality of cut faces
Thermsiches Schneiden, Ermittein der Güte von
Schnittflächen
Thermal cutting; laser beam cutting of metallic materials;
process principles
Laserstrahlschneiden von metallischen Werkstoffen,
Verfahrensgrundlagen, Güte, Maßtoleranzen
Thermal cutting; Classification, processes
Safety markings (DIN EN 7287)
1-15
SECTION 1 SAFETY
DIN EN ISO Harmonized Standards
DIN EN ISO-Harmonisierte Normen
DIN EN
292/1 and 2
DIN EN 559
DIN EN 560
DIN EN 561
DIN EN
626-1
Safety of machinery
Sicherheit von Maschinen, Geräten und Anlagen
Hoses for welding, cutting and allied processes
Schläuche für Schweißen, Schneiden und verwandte
Verfahren
Hose connections and hose couplings for equipment for
welding, cutting and allied processes
Schlauchanschlüsse und Schlauchverbindungen für
Geräte zum Schweißen, Schneiden und verwandte
Verfahren
Gas welding equipment hose couplings
Gasschweißgeräte, Kupplungen
Safety of machines, reduction of risks to health
Sichereit von Maschinen, Reduzierung des
Gesundheitsrisikos
DIN EN
848-1
DIN EN
1829
DIN EN
9013
DIN EN
12584
DIN EN
12626
Single spindle vertical milling machines
Fräsmaschine für einseitige Bearbeitung mit drehendem
Werkzeug
Imperfections in oxy/fuel flame cuts, laser beam cuts and
plasma
Unregeimäßigkeiten an Brennschnitten, Laserstrahl- und
Plasmaschnitten
Laser processing machines
Laserbearbeitungsmaschinen
1-16
SECTION 1 SAFETY
DIN EN
28206
DIN EN
31252
DIN EN
31553
DIN EN
60204-1
DIN EN
60825
Acceptance testing for oxygen cutting machines
Abnahmeprüfung für Brennschneidmaschinen
Laser Equipment
Lasergeräte
Laser and laser related equipment
Laser und Laseranlagen
Electrical equipment of machines
Elekrische Ausrüstung von Maschinen
Radiation safety of laser products
Strahlensicherheit von Laseranlagen
Arrangement of protection devices
DIN EN 999
Anordnung von Schutzeinrichtungen
VDI Guidelines
VDI 2906
Quality of cut faces on metallic workpieces; abrasive
water jet cutting and arc plasma cutting
Schnittflächenqualität beim Schneiden von Werkstücken
aus Metall, Abrasiv- Wasserstrahischneiden und
Plasmastrahischneiden
Room air; Technical systems for welding workshops
VDI 2084
Raumluft techn. Anlagen für Schweißwerkstätten
1-17
SECTION 1B UNPACKING/HOISTING
1.1 INSPECTION
A. The Precision Plasmarc System will be shipped in
four separate containers. The power source, the
junction box, the flow control box and the PT-24 torch
components will all have their own containers. Remove all packing material and inspect for evidence of
concealed damage which may not have been apparent upon receipt of the four containers. All four
components, the power source, flow control box,
junction box and PT-24 torch are fully assembled.
Immediately notify the carrier of any defects or damage.
B. Check each container for any loose parts prior to
disposing of shipping materials.
C. Check air louvers on the power source and junction
box and any other opening to ensure that any obstructions are removed.
1.2 HOISTING
The power source is equipped with one lifting eye that
enables the unit to be hoisted.
18
SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION
2.1 GENERAL
The Precision Plasmarc System consists of four separate
components. The power source, the junction box, the
flow control box, and the PT-24 torch. The power source
provides power and coolant to the PT-24 torch via the
junction box. The power source also provides control
voltage to the flow control box for precise control of the
plasma gas and shield gas to the PT-24 torch.
The purpose of this manual is to provide the operator with
all the information required to install and operate the
Precision Plasmarc System. Technical reference material is also provided to assist in troubleshooting the cutting
package.
2.3 PACKAGE OPTIONS AVAILABLE
Table 2-1 lists Precision Plasmarc package options available through your ESAB dealer.
Cooling Water PSI / Flow is 0.38 gpm (1.4 lpm) @ 115 psi (7.9 bar) measured at torch return hose
of power supply.
21
SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION
22
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.1 GENERAL
CAUTION
Proper installation can contribute materially to the satisfactory and trouble-free operation of the Precision Plasmarc
System. It is suggested that each step in this section be
studied and carefully followed.
3.2 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
Be sure that the power source is properly configured
for your input power supply. Do NOT connect a power
source configured for 230 V to a 460 V input power
supply. Damage to the machine may occur.
!
A. Gas Supply and Hoses. Gas supply may be from a
bulk source or from a bank of manifold cylinders and
regulated to supply 125 psig (8.6 bar) to the Flow
Control (gas flowing).
B. Work Lead. No. 4 AWG cable is recommended for
connecting workpiece to power source.
C. Primary Input Cable. See Section 3.4.
3.3 LOCATION
Adequate ventilation is necessary to provide proper cooling of the power source. Minimize the amount of dirt, dust,
and excessive heat to which the equipment is exposed.
There should be at least two feet of clearance between the
power source and wall or any other obstruction to allow
freedom of air movement through the power source.
Installing or placing any type of filtering device will restrict
the volume of intake air, thereby subjecting the power
source internal components to overheating. Use of any
type of filter device voids the warranty.
As shipped, the power source is configured for 575 V, 60
Hz input. If using 200, 230, 380, 415, or 460 V input, the
jumper input power cables located on the auto transformer must be repositioned to the desired input voltage
for safe operation. To gain access to the autotransformer,
remove the right side panel. (See Figure 3-1.)
A line (wall) disconnect switch with fuses or circuit breakers should be provided at the main power panel (see Table
3-1 for fuse rating). The input power cable of the power
source may be connected directly to the disconnect
switch or a proper plug and receptacle may be purchased
from a local electrical supplier. If using plug/receptacle
combination, see Table 3-1 for recommended input conductors for connecting receptacle to line disconnect switch.
*Sizes per National Electric Code for 75°C rated conductors @ 30°Cambient. Not
more than three conductors in raceway or cable. Follow local codes if they specify
sizes other than those listed above.
ConductorPhase, Amps
2
ELECTRIC SHOCK CAN KILL! Precautionary measures should be taken to provide maximum protection against electrical shock. Be sure that all power is
off by opening the line (wall) disconnect switch and
by unplugging the power cord to the unit before any
connections are made inside of the power source.
The following procedure explains the proper installation
steps for connecting primary electrical power to the power
source. (See Figure 3-1.)
A. Remove right side panel.
B. Ensure input power cable is disconnected from all
electrical sources.
C. Route input power cable through the strain relief
located at the rear panel.
23
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
D. Pull input power cable through the strain relief to allow
cable wires sufficient length to connect to the main
contactor. Tighten strain relief to ensure input power
cable is secured.
E. Connect input power cable ground wire to the ground
lug provided on the base of the power source.
F. Connect three power leads of the input power cable to
the terminals located atop the main contactor. Secure
the leads by tightening each screw.
G. Connect jumper power cables from the bottom of the
main contactor to the proper input voltage marked on
the auto transformer. The unit is factory set for 575 V.
CAUTION
!
Ensure each input power jumper cable is connected to
the proper input voltage to be used on auto transformer.
H. Connect jumper wire to the proper input voltage
connector located on the 7-position terminal block.
(See Figure 3-1.)
3.5 INTERCONNECTING LINES
(Refer to Figure 3-2)
A. All interconnecting service lines supplied are num-
bered on each end with corresponding numbers marked
on the cabinets next to the connection to be made.
B. Connect all five lines in gas bundle (Figure 3-4) to Flow
Control Box and Junction Box (Figure 3-5).
C. Connect power and coolant lines in power bundle
(Figure 3-6) to junction box (Figure 3-7) and power
source (Figure 3-2 or 3-3).
D. Remove panel from rear of console and attach the
pilot-arc, torch and work lead. See Figure 3-8 to
replace panel.
TB1
TB2
200
230
380
415
460
575
200
230
380
415
460
575
200
230
380
415
460
575
200
230
380
415
460
575
Ground
Connection
K1
PHASE 1
PHASE 2PHASE 3
Input Power Cable
(customer supplied)
Main Contactor
7 Position Terminal Block
Auto Transformer
Factory wired for
575 volts
Figure 3-1. Power Source Primary Power Connection Diagram
10 FT. (3m)219022188421875218782188721881995832
20 FT. (6m)219032188521876218792188821882995832
30 FT. (9m)219042188621877218802188921883995826
60 FT. (18m)223342233722343223452234022347995826
100 FT. (30m)223352233822344223462234122348995826*
* 2 REQUIRED.
1 2 3 4 5
Junction Box
with H.F. Unit
Figure 3-4. Gas Line Bundle
1
2
3
4
5
Flow Control
Box
Figure 3-5. Gas Bundle Installation
26
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
No. 6 and No. 7
5/8-18 L.H.
(B-A/W)(B-A/W)
7
6
POWER CABLE#3 AWG
No. 6 and No. 7
5/8-18 L.H.
PILOT ARC #16 AWG(YELLOW)
POWER BUNDLE#6
25 FT. (7.6m) P/N-21905
60 FT. (18m) P/N-21906
100 FT. (30m) P/N-21907
(1) One 25 ft. piece Reqd.
(2) Three 25 ft. pieces Reqd.
(3) Four 25 ft. pieces Reqd.
Figure 3-6. Power Bundle
7
6
#7
2191121914
2191221915
2191321916
SHEATH
995832 (1)
995832 (2)
995832 (3)
Gas Tubing
Bundle
Torch Assembly
Gas Tubing Bundle Connections:
Cut Gas (Yellow)
Shield Gas (Org. or Red)
Pre-Cut Gas (Black)
Start Gas (Blue)
Torch Pilot Arc
Torch Electrical
(J2) Cable
Torch Negative
Power
Cable
Hose No. 6
Power Bundle Assembly
Pilot Arc Cable
Hose No. 7
Figure 3-7. Power Bundle/Junction Box Connection
27
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
E. Connect control lead (Figure 3-9) between the power
source and the flow control and from the flow control
to the junction box. See Figure 3-2 or Figure 3-3 for the
installation location.
CONTROL LEADS P/N'S
10 FT. (3m) P/N-21917
20 FT. (6m) P/N-21918
30 FT. (9m) P/N-21919
Figure 3-9. Available Control Lead
F. Torch Mounting Options.
1. The torch is normally mounted by the sleeve.
2. For more precise mounting, the torch can be
mounted by the 1.812" (46 mm) dia collar shown
(see Figure 3-10). This insulated collar and its
shoulder are machined relative to the nozzle
retainer thread on the torch body and is held
concentric to the cutting nozzle within a total
indicator reading of 0.010 inches (0.25 mm) or the
nozzle bore is within 0.005 inches of any point on
the 1.812 dia.
60 FT. (18m) P/N-21920
100 FT. (30m) P/N-21921
Figure 3-8. Power Bundle/Power Source Rear
Panel Connection
NOTE
When mounting, be sure not to cover the small vent hole
in the side of the sleeve. This hole prevents coolant from
building inside the sleeve should a leak occur in a service
line.
1.812" (46mm)
Diameter Collar
2.0" (51mm)
Diameter Sleeve
Vent Hole
Figure 3-10. Torch Mounting Options
COOLA
FILL CA
28
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
G. Remove coolant fill cap at front of console and fill
coolant tank with 4 gallons (15 l) of plasma coolant.
See Figure 3-11. Reinstall cap.
NOTE
Due to the high electrical conductivity, use of tap water or
commercial antifreeze must NOT be used for torch cooling. A specially formulated torch coolant, P/N 156F05 (1
gallon (3.8 l) container) is available and recommended for
torch cooling. The coolant also provides freeze protection
down to -34° C.
NOTE
Operating the unit without coolant will cause permanent
damage to coolant pump.
T
O
I
L
P
C
R
L
O
R
T
N
O
C
T
N
E
R
R
U
C
P
ON
I
S
I
C
E
R
A
R
E
W
O
P
C
AR
M
S
A
L
Flow Control Box
O
2
N
2
Alt.
XN2O
Alternate Gas
(Shield Addition)
2
Figure 3-11. Filling Coolant
H. Make all connections to the CNC and height control.
See instructions provided with equipment supplied.
I.Connect gas supply to flow control. See gas require-
ments as listed in Tables 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5. (See
Figure 3-12.)
J.With installation complete, check for gas and coolant
leaks with a standard soap solution as follows (see
Figures 3-13 and 3-14):
Supplied by Customer
Figure 3-12. Gas Supply Connection
1. Close all valves on the gas flow control cabinet.
2. Set all inlet gas pressures to 125 psig (8.6 bar).
3. Turn the power source ON. The amber light to the
left of the switch will glow, the console fan will
operate and coolant will flow.
4. Coolant pump pressure should be 80 to 90 psi (5.5
to 6.2 bar). See coolant pump pressure gauge on
front of console.
5. Check for leaks on connections No. 6 and 7 on the
back of the console and in the junction box.
Check the torch power cable and pilot arc cable
connections in the junction box.
6. Check the vent hole in the side of the torch sleeve
and the torch consumables.
7. With console ON, use a solution of soap and
water. Check all gas connections for pressure
tightness as per following:
29
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
(a) Place the "plasma gas" select switch, SW-2,
in O2 position.
(b) Place the "shield gas" select switch, SW-3,
in O2 + N2 position.
(c) Place the "test switch" SW-1 in START
position.
(d) Open valve NV-3 (start gas valve) and NV-6
(shield gas pre-flow valve) approximately
two full turns.
(e) Check all gas connections on lines 2 and 5
and torch connections in junction box. Close
valves NV-3 (start gas valve) and NV-6
(shield gas pre-flow valve).
(f)Place SW-1 in operate position to verify that
N2 output pressure on right side of control
remains pressurized.
(g) Move switch SW-1 to CUT position.
(h) Open valves NV-1 (oxygen plasma gas valve)
and NV-5 (cut shield gas valve) approximately two full turns.
(i)Check all gas connections on line 1 and 4.
Recheck torch connections in junction box.
Correct as needed.
(j)Close valves NV-1 (oxygen plasma gas
valve) and NV-5 (cut shield gas valve).
(k) Place SW-1 in operate position to verify that
O2 output pressure remains pressurized.
(l)Place plasma gas select switch SW-2 in N
position.
(m) Open valve NV-2 (nitrogen plasma gas) ap-
proximately two full turns.
(n) Check all gas connections on line 2 for leaks.
Correct as needed.
(o) Place SW-1 in operate position to verify that
N2 output pressure remains pressurized.
2
NV-6
SW-1
NV-1
NV-2
Front View
SW-2
SW-3
NV-3
O2 Pressure
Out
N2 Pressure
Out
Plasma Start
Press. Out
NV-5
NV-4
Figure 3-13. Flow Control Controls
PLASMA GAS
N
O
2
2
SHIELD GAS
N2+ALT
O2+N
2
Left Side View
30
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
Flow Control Box
2
7
7
1
Alt.N
2
O
2
7
6
7
5
3
6
6
7
NOTE: The numbers in circles correspond with the steps
needed to check gas and coolant leaks.
Figure 3-14. Gas Coolant Leak Check
31
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
32
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.1POWER SOURCE CONTROLS/
INDICATORS
C
G
B
H
Figure 4-1. Front Panel Controls
J
I
D
L
K
E
F
M
A
A. Main Power Switch - controls the input power to the
fan, water cooler, and the interface PCB. The amber
light to the left of the switch indicates power is ON.
B. Output Current Dial - sets the cutting current when
current settings are made from the console front panel
(remote/panel switch in PANEL position).
C. Remote/Panel Switch.
1. Panel Position - allows output current to be set by
the output current dial as described above.
2. Remote Position - allows the output current to be
set by the CNC with an analog dc signal.
0-10 V dc = 0 - 100 Adc
D. Cutting Current Meter - displays the actual cutting
current.
E. Cutting Voltage Meter - displays the actual cutting
voltage.
F. Pilot Arc High/Low Switch is used to select pilot arc
current.
G. Coolant Flow Fault Indicator - indicates low coolant
flow. The light will come on momentarily when the
console is turned on and then go out.
H. Plasma Gas Pressure Fault Indicator - indicates low
plasma gas pressure.
I.Start Gas Pressure Fault Indicators - indicates low
start gas pressure.
J. P/S Temp Fault Indicator - indicates over tempera-
ture fault condition in the inverter power source.
K. P/S Fault Indicator - indicates fault in the plasma
control PCB in the inverter power source.
L. Over/Under Voltage Fault Indicator - indicates input
voltage is above or below the tolerances of the PCU
console. Will latch until power is recycled by main
power switch.
M. Emergency Stop Fault Indicator - indicates CNC
emergency condition.
33
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2 OPERATION
A. Check consumables in torch for damage and be sure
they are correct for the material to be cut and gas to
be used (check against process data sheets starting
on page 23).
B. Set N2, O2 and Air inlet gas pressures to 125 psig (8.6
bar) (flowing). Set H-35, methane inlet pressures to
100 psi.
C. Gas Flow Control (Figure 4-2).
1. Position PLASMA GAS select switch (SW-2) for
plasma gas to be used.
2. Position SHIELD GAS select switch (SW-3) for
shield gas or gases to be used.
3. Set SW-1 switch to start. Verify that N2 pressure
is 125 psig (8.6 bars) while flowing.
4. Set SW-1 switch to CUT. Verify that O2 pressure
is 125 psig (8.6 bars) while flowing.
5. Close any throttle valves not being used by
turning them clockwise.
SW-2
PLASMA GAS
O
2
SHIELD GAS
O2+N
2
N
2
N2+ALT
3. If current is to be set from the cutting machine
CNC, place the remote panel switch in REMOTE
position. Consult the CNC instructions for setting
currents.
Figure 4-3. Coolant Level Indicator
4. Check coolant level (see Figure 4-3). Coolant
level must be checked with the console main
power switch in the OFF position. The coolant
level must fall within the SAFE OPERATING
LEVEL indicated (See Section 3.5.G).
5. Place pilot arc high/low switch in the LOW position.
SW-3
Figure 4-2. Gas Flow Control
D. Console.
1. If current is to be set from console place the
remote panel switch in the PANEL position.
2. Set the cutting current on the output current dial.
6. Turn on the power source by placing the main
power switch in the ON position. The amber light
to the left of the switch will come on.
7. Check coolant pressure. The pump pressure is
factory set between 80-90 psig (5.5 to 6.2 bar).
8. Complete setting the gas flow rates by following
the two examples on the next two pages.
E. Set the arc voltage from the suggested arc voltage
values given in the process data sheets.
NOTE
Arc voltage and piercing height will be set from the arc
voltage control or from the CNC. Consult instructions
supplied with your equipment.
34
SECTION 4 OPERATION
With the completion of the above settings the system is
now ready for operation.
4.3SAMPLE PROCEDURE FOR
SETTING O2 GAS FLOW RATES ON
FLOW CONTROL BOX (Figure 4-4)
NOTE
4.4SAMPLE PROCEDURE FOR
SETTING N2 GAS FLOW RATES ON
FLOW CONTROL BOX (Figure 4-4)
NOTE
This is a sample procedure only and the operator must
refer to the appropriate process data sheet.
This is a sample procedure only and the operator must
refer to the appropriate process data sheet.
SAMPLE SETUP:
Plasma - O2, Shield - N2 plus O2 Mix
A. Place PLASMA GAS select switch SW-2 in O
position.
B. Place SHIELD GAS select switch SW-3 in O2 + N
position.
C. Place test switch SW-1 in START position.
D. For setting plasma start gas adjust valve NV-3, read
flow on flowmeter FM-2.
E. For setting shield preflow gas:
Adjust valve NV-6, read flow on flowmeter FM-3.
F. Move test switch SW-1 to CUT position.
SAMPLE SETUP:
Plasma - N2 or Air, Shield - N2 or Air plus Alternate
gas mix.
NOTE
To cut with air, connect the air source to the N2 inlet.
2
A. Place PLASMA GAS select switch SW-2 in N
position.
2
B. Place SHIELD GAS select switch SW-3 in N2 + ALT
position.
C. Place test switch SW-1 in START position.
D. For setting plasma start gas adjust valve NV-3, read
flow on flowmeter FM-2.
E. For setting shield preflow gas, adjust valve NV-6, read
flow on flowmeter FM-3.
2
G. For setting plasma cut gas adjust valve NV-1, read
flow on flowmeter FM-1.
H. For setting shield and mixing shield cut gas.
(1) Adjust valve NV-5 (N2), read flow on flowmeter
FM-3.
(2) Adjust valve NV-4 (O2), read flow on flowmeter
FM-4.
I.Move test switch SW-1 to OPERATE position. Flow
control is now set to operate.
F. Move test switch SW-1 to CUT position.
G. For setting plasma cut gas adjust valve NV-2, read
flow on flowmeter FM-2.
H. For setting shield and mixing shield cut gas.
(1 ) Adjust valve NV-5, read flow on flowmeter FM-3.
(2 ) Adjust valve NV-4, read flow on flowmeter FM-4.
I.Move test switch SW-1 to OPERATE position. Flow
control is now set to operate.
35
SECTION 4 OPERATION
NV-1
NV-2
FM-1
FM-2
FM-3FM-4
SW-2
SW-3
NV-3
NV-6
SW-1
NV-5
NV-4
Front ViewLeft Side View
PLASMA GAS
O
2
SHIELD GAS
O2+N
2
N
2
N2+ALT
Figure 4-4. Flow Control Box
36
grease P/N73585064. Wipe the
AL30
PROCESS DATA
11/30/99
ALUMINUM
AMPERAGE:30
PLASMA GAS:NITROGENPRESSURE:125 PSI/8.6 BAR
PT -24 TORCH
ð
3 HOLE
P/N 21536
(SEE NOTES)
SWIRL BAFFLE
SHIELD GAS:NITROGENPRESSURE:125 PSI/8.6 BAR
SHIELD MIX GAS:METHANEPRESSURE:100 PSI/6.9 BAR
P/N 21541
NOZZLE "B"
ðððððð ð
inner surface of the nozzle retainer that comes in contact with
the nozzle. Use care to apply a very thin film to ensure a
proper seal.
3. Use tool (P/N 21765) supplied with torch to remove or install
1. Assemble swirl baffle into nozzle first.
2. To prevent leakage between the nozzle and nozzle retainer,
moisten the corner of a clean, dry, lint-free cloth with a very
4 Hole Baffle - *Set flow reading with valves. † CUT & ALT mix in flow control. Pilot Arc - high. Float - center of ball. SS100NM
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Aluminum Kerf Values N2/N2/CH4
Aluminum N2/N2/CH4 30 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
1.5751.9052.2863.1754.7506.350
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.210
0.087
1.524
1.2701.270
1.270
1.651
0.065
0.060
0.050
0.0620.0750.0900.1250.1870.250
0.050
0.050
Material Thickness (inches)
Aluminum N2/N2/CH4 50 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
1.5753.1754.7756.350
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.362
1.524
1.651
2.032
0.080
0.093
0.065
0.060
0.0620.1250.1880.250
Material Thickness (inches)
58
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
SECTION 4 OPERATION
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
Kerf (inches)
0.090
0.070
0.050
Aluminum N2/N2/CH4 70 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
4.7506.3509.52512. 700
3.048
2.845
2.540
0.112
0.100
0.1870.2500.3750.500
2.540
0.100
0.120
4.826
4.318
3.810
3.302
2.794
Kerf (mm)
2.286
1.778
1.270
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
Kerf (inches)
0.090
0.070
Material Thickness (inches)
Aluminum N
/CH4 100 Amperes
2/N2
Material Thickness (mm)
6.3509.52512.70015.875
3.302
2.540
0.100
2.667
0.105
2.921
0.115
0.130
4.826
4.318
3.810
3.302
2.794
Kerf (mm)
2.286
1.778
0.050
0.2500.3750.5000.625
1.270
Material Thickness (inches)
59
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Carbon Steel Kerf Values O2/N2/O2
Carbon Steel O2/N2/O2 16 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
1.2193.404
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
1.473
1.118
0.058
0.044
0.0480.134
Material Thickness (inches)
Carbon Steel O2/N2/O2 35 Amperes
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
Material Thickness (mm)
1.5243.1756.350
1.499
1.168
1.321
0.059
0.052
0.046
0.0600.1250.250
Material Thickness (inches)
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
60
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Carbon Steel O2/N2/O2 45 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
3.1756.3509.525
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.413
0.095
1.626
1.930
0.076
0.064
0.1250.2500.375
Material Thickness (inches)
Carbon Steel O2/N2/O2 70 Amperes
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
Material Thickness (mm)
3.4296.3509.52512 .700
2.540
0.100
1.575
1.778
2.032
0.080
0.070
0.062
0.1350.2500.3750.500
Material Thickness (inches)
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
61
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Carbon Steel O2/N2/O2 100 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
9.52512.70019.050
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
3.048
0.120
2.540
2.337
0.100
0.092
0.3750.5000.750
Material Thickness (inches)
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
62
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Stainless Steel Kerf Values O2/N2/O2
Stainless Steel O2/N2/O2 30 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
0.4570.5840.7 261.2071.588
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
1.143
0.889
0.035
26GA24GA22GA18GA16GA
0.889
0.035
0.035
0.8890.889
0.035
0.045
Material Thickness (inches)
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
63
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Stainless Steel Kerf Values Air/Air/CH4
Stainless Steel Air/Air/CH4 70 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
3.1754.7756.35 09.52512.700
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.921
0.115
1.778
2.032
0.080
2.540
2.286
0.100
0.090
0.070
0.1250.1880.25 00.3750.500
Material Thickness (inches)
Stainless Steel Air/Air/CH4 100 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
6.3509.52512 .70015.875
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
Kerf (inches)
0.090
0.070
0.050
3.556
3.048
0.140
0.120
2.540
2.286
0.100
0.090
0.2500.3750.5000.625
Material Thickness (inches)
64
4.826
4.318
3.810
3.302
2.794
Kerf (mm)
2.286
1.778
1.270
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Stainless Steel Kerf Values N2/N2/CH4
Stainless Steel N2/N2/CH4 70 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
4.7506.3509.5251 2.700
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.921
2.032
2.413
0.095
2.667
0.105
0.115
0.080
0.1870.2500.3750.500
Material Thickness (inches)
Stainless Steel N2/N2/CH4 100 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
6.3509.52512.70015.875
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
Kerf (inches)
0.090
0.070
0.050
3.810
3.302
0.150
0.130
2.794
2.540
0.110
0.100
0.2500.3750.5000.625
Material Thickness (inches)
65
4.826
4.318
3.810
3.302
2.794
Kerf (mm)
2.286
1.778
1.270
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Stainless Steel Kerf Values N2/N2
Stainless Steel N2/N2 50 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
3.1754.7506.3509.525
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.032
1.778
0.080
0.070
1.524
1.651
0.065
0.060
0.1250.1870.2500.375
Material Thickness (inches)
Stainless Steel N2/N2 70 Amperes
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
Material Thickness (mm)
4.7506.3509.5251 2.700
2.540
2.286
2.286
0.100
1.778
0.090
0.090
0.070
0.1870.2500.3750.500
Material Thickness (inches)
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
66
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Stainless Steel N2/N2 100 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
6.3509.52512.70015.875
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
Kerf (inches)
0.090
0.070
0.050
3.556
0.140
2.540
2.794
0.110
3.048
0.120
0.100
0.2500.3750.5000.625
Material Thickness (inches)
4.826
4.318
3.810
3.302
2.794
Kerf (mm)
2.286
1.778
1.270
67
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Stainless Steel Kerf Values Air/Air
Stainless Steel Air/Air 50 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
3.1754.7506.3509.525
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.413
1.524
1.651
2.032
0.080
0.095
0.065
0.060
0.1250.1870.2500.375
Material Thickness (inches)
Stainless Steel Air/Air 70 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
4.7506.3509.52512. 700
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
Kerf (inches)
0.040
0.020
0.000
2.9212.921
0.115
1.905
2.794
0.110
0.115
0.075
0.1870.2500.3750.500
Material Thickness (inches)
68
3.556
3.048
2.540
2.032
1.524
Kerf (mm)
1.016
0.508
0.000
SECTION 4 OPERATION
0.190
0.170
0.150
0.130
0.110
Kerf (inches)
0.090
0.070
0.050
Stainless Steel Air/Air 100 Amperes
Material Thickness (mm)
6.3509.52512.70015.875
4.064
3.556
2.921
3.302
0.130
0.140
0.115
0.2500.3750.5000.625
0.160
4.826
4.318
3.810
3.302
2.794
Kerf (mm)
2.286
1.778
1.270
Material Thickness (inches)
69
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Page intentionally left blank.
70
SECTION 5 CUTTING QUALITY
5.1 CUT ANGLE
Cut squareness is always a concern when using nitrogen
gas. The cut angle is referred to as either being positive
or negative (Figure 5-1). With a positive cut angle, the top
dimension of the part is slightly less than the bottom
dimension. With a negative cut angle, the top dimension
is slightly greater than the bottom dimension. The cut
angle is controlled by standoff (arc voltage), cutting
speed, and cutting amperage. If the cutting speed and
amperage are correct and the part has an excessive
positive angle, the standoff is too high. Begin lowering the
arc voltage in increments of 5 volts, observing cut
squareness. There will always be slight top edge rounding of the part when using nitrogen.
B
The optimum torch height is just before the part begins to
develop a negative cut angle. To expand upon the other
two variables, if the torch standoff is correct, too fast of a
cutting speed will result in a positive cut angle; too slow of
a travel speed will result in a negative cut angle. Too high
or too low of current also produces a positive cut angle.
Oxygen plasma will also produce the same positive or
negative cut angle as nitrogen. The cut angle is controlled
by the torch standoff (arc voltage) cutting speed, and
cutting amperage. The major difference is the sharp top
edge of the part. The positive angle changes but the sharp
top edge remains. If speeds and currents are correct,
lower the arc voltage in increments of 5 volts until the cut
angle begins to go negative or the cut face is under cut.
At this point, increase voltage until positive angle reappears. This is the optimum cut squareness for these
conditions.
POSITIVE (+) CUT ANGLE
Bottom dimension "A" is
greater than dimension "B"
A
B
NEGATIVE (-) CUT ANGLE
Bottom dimension "A" is
A
Figure 5-1. Cut Angle
less than dimension "B"
71
SECTION 5 CUTTING QUALITY
ARC VOLTAGE/STANDOFF
Standoff and arc voltage are proportional.
The higher the torch above the plate
(standoff), the higher the operating voltage
and vice versa.
StandoffArc Voltage
LAG LINES
These lines appear on the cut surface.
They are used to determine if your
process parameters are correct.
Figure 5-2. Cut Quality
5.2 VOLTAGE AND CUT QUALITY.
Standoff (arc voltage) has a direct influence on cut quality
and squareness. It is recommended that prior to cutting,
all cutting parameters are set to the manufacturer's suggested conditions. A sample cut should be made followed by a close examination of the part.
Arc Voltage
End View
(+) Cut Angle
If it has an excessive bevel or rounded top edge, it may be
the standoff (arc voltage) is set too high (Figure 5-3).
Lower the voltage until the excessive bevel or rounded
top edge disappears. On material thickness 1/4 inch (6
mm) and greater, a standoff too close may result in a
negative cut angle (Figure 5-5).
ARC VOLTAGE TOO HIGH
Correct Cutting Speed
Positive Cut Angle
Rounded Top Edge
More Dross
Top Dross
Cut Face Smooth
"S" Shaped Lag Lines
Cut Face
Figure 5-3. Cut Quality (Arc Voltage Too High)
72
SECTION 5 CUTTING QUALITY
ARC VOLTAGE CORRECT
Correct Cutting Speed
Square Top Edge
No Top Dross
Little or No Bottom Dross
Cut Face Smooth
Uniform Lag Lines
End View
Arc Voltage
Optimum
Cut Angle
Cut Face
End View
Figure 5-4. Cut Quality (Arc Voltage Correct)
ARC VOLTAGE TOO LOW
Correct Cutting Speed
Under Cut Top Edge
Negative Cut Angle
Dross
Arc Voltage
(-) Cut Angle
Cut Face Rough
Vertical Serrated Lag Lines
Cut Face
Figure 5-5. Cut Quality (Arc Voltage To Low With a Negative Cut Angle)
73
SECTION 5 CUTTING QUALITY
ARC VOLTAGE TOO LOW
Arc Voltage
Under Cut
End View
Cut Face
Figure 5-6. Cut Quality (Arc Voltage Too Low With An Under Cut Top Edge)
Top Edge
-/+ Cut Angle
5.3TOP DROSS.
Top dross usually appears as splatter near the top edge
of the kerf. This is a result of torch standoff (arc voltage)
set too high or a cutting speed set too fast. Use the
parameter charts for recommended speed. The most
common problem is torch standoff or arc voltage control.
Simply lower the voltage settings in increments of 5 volts
until the top dross disappears. If an arc voltage control is
not being used, simply lower the torch manually until the
top dross disappears (Figure 5-7).
Correct Cutting Speed
Under Cut Top Edge
Negative Cut Angle
Dross
Cut Face Rough
Vertical Serrated Lag Lines
5.4DROSS FORMATION.
The correct cutting arc voltage also has an influence on
dross formation. If the arc voltage is set too high, the cut
angle becomes positive. In addition, dross forms on the
bottom edge of the part. This occurs because we are now
trying to cut the part with the feather tip of the plasma arc.
This dross is usually very tenacious and requires chipping
and grinding for removal. Too low of a cutting voltage
results in an undercutting of the parts or negative cut
angle. Dross formation usually occurs but in most cases
removes easily (Figure 5-6)
74
SECTION 5 CUTTING QUALITY
TOP DROSS
Splatter appears on the top edge of both
pieces of the plate. Lower the voltage in
increments 5 V dc (maximum ) until top
dross disappears.
Figure 5-7. Top Dross
HIGH SPEED DROSS
Fine roll over dross that welds to
bot tom of edge. Cleaning requires
chipping or grinding.
Figure 5-8. High Speed Dross
LOW SPEED DROSS
Globular dross that forms in large
deposits. Comes off very easily.
Figure 5-9. Low Speed Dross
5.5SUMMARY.
Arc voltage is not an independent variable. It is dependent upon cutting amperage, nozzle size, torch standoff,
cut gas flow rate and cutting speed. An increase in arc
voltage can result from a decrease in cutting speed, an
increase in cutting amperage, a decrease in nozzle size,
an increase in gas flow, an increase in cut water flow or an
increase in torch standoff. Assuming that all of the
variables are set to the manufacturer's settings, torch
standoff becomes the most influential variable to the
process. Good and accurate height control is a necessity
in producing excellent cut quality.
75
SECTION 5 CUTTING QUALITY
76
SECTION 6 MAINTENANCE
6.1 GENERAL
If this equipment does not operate properly, stop work
immediately and investigate the cause of the malfunction.
Maintenance work must be performed by an experienced
person, and electrical work by a trained electrician. Do
NOT permit untrained persons to inspect, clean, or repair
this equipment. Use only recommended replacement
parts.
WARNING
!
Be sure that the wall disconnect switch or wall circuit
breaker is open before attempting any inspection or
work inside of the Power Source, the junction box,
the flow control box or the PT-24 torch.
6.2 INSPECTION AND CLEANING
Frequent inspection and cleaning of the Precision
Plasmarc System is recommended for safety and proper
operation. Some suggestions for inspecting and cleaning
are as follows:
A. Check work cable to workpiece connection.
B. Check safety earth ground at workpiece and at power
source chassis.
C. Check heat shield on torch. It should be replaced if
damaged.
D. Check the torch electrode and cutting nozzle for wear
on a daily basis. Remove spatter, resharpen point, or
replace if necessary.
E. Make sure cable and hoses are not damaged or
kinked.
F. Make sure all plugs, fittings, and ground connections
are tight.
CAUTION
!
Water or oil occasionally accumulates in compressed
air lines. Be sure to direct the first blast of air away
from the equipment to avoid damage to the junction
box or flow control box.
G. With all input power disconnected, and with proper eye
and face protection on, blow out the inside of the power
source, the flow control, and the junction box using
low-pressure dry compressed air.
6.3 TORCH CONSUMABLE PARTS
WARNING
!
Make sure power switch on the Power Source is in OFF
position before working on the torch.
Spare parts kit P/N37609 is available for maintaining the
PT-24 torch. For contents and recommended uses, see
Figure 6-1 and Process Data Sheets.
6.4 GAS PRESSURE SWITCH
The pressure switches are factory set to provide precise
control of the cooling gas and plasma gas pressure. The
two switches are located in the junction box. The pressure
adjustment wheels on the pressure switches should not
be touched. Consult your ESAB representative if you
have determined that the pressure switches are not
functioning properly.
6.5PT-24 TORCH DESCRIPTION
See Table 2-6 for overall size and general configuration.
A. Mounting. The torch can be mounted by the sleeve
or by the 1.812 inches (46 mm) dia machined surface
shown (see Figure 3-10). This insulated surface and
its shoulder are machined relative to the nozzle
retainer thread on the torch body and is held concentric to the cutting nozzle within a total indicator reading
of 0.010 inches (0.25 mm) or the nozzle bore is within
0.005 inches of any point on the 1.812 dia. When
mounting be sure not to cover the small vent hole in
the side of the sleeve. This hole prevents coolant from
building inside the sleeve should a leak occur in a
service line.
B. Service Lines. Both the 4.5 and 17 ft (1.4 m and
5.2 m) long lines are shielded and connect to the
junction box by a friction fit grounded connection.
77
SECTION 6 MAINTENANCE
C. Water Cooling. Coolant enters the torch through the
power cable (-), circulates through the torch body and
the electrode, crosses over to the nozzle (+) section
of the torch body through nonconductive bypass
tubes, travels back through the body and circulates
between the nozzle retainer and the nozzle, then back
through the torch body to the junction box via the pilot
arc cable.
D. Plasma Cut and Start Gas. These gases enter the
torch through connections that house check valves
within the torch body. The valves acting in conjunction with solenoid valves control the back and forth
switching of start and cut gases. See Figure 6-2 for
further explanation of this system.
E. Shield Gas. Shield preflow, cut shield and postflow
enter the torch through one connection, pass through
the torch body, through the shield gas diffuser and
then out of the orifice in the shield cap that surrounds
the plasma jet.
F. Power and Pilot Arc Lines. Coolant IN to the torch
is through the power cable (-). Coolant OUT from the
torch is through the pilot arc (+) line.
6.6TORCH MAINTENANCE
WARNING
!
B. Water leaks, moisture, or coolant dripping from the
vent hole in the sleeve indicates service line damage.
If service lines have to be replaced always use two
wrenches to avoid twisting the metal tubes.
C. The torch sleeve P/N 21757 is threaded onto the torch
body. If the sleeve is too tight to be readily removed
by hand, use a large adjustable wrench on the flats
located on the body or lightly tighten these flats in a
vise. With the body secured in this manner, the use
of two hands on the sleeve may break the sleeve free,
if not, use a strap wrench. Always check service line
connections for leaks before replacing the sleeve.
D. Be especially careful not to get dirt or foreign matter
in the check valve fittings where the plasma cut and
start gases are attached. If however dirt or other
foreign matter gets into the check valves, they can be
dismantled, then cleaned and replaced.
CAUTION
!
The seat, ball and spring must not be damaged when
handling. Also, Do NOT substitute any other spring
or ball. If they are dropped, lost, or damaged they
must be replaced with genuine ESAB replacement
parts. Changes, substitutions or damaged parts will
affect set pressures and cause poor starting and
piercing.
Make sure power switch on the console is in the OFF
position and primary input power is disconnected.
A. Always check the three O-rings on the torch body
before each day's operation and replace if any damage
or wear is noted. Apply a thin coat of silicone grease
to O-rings before assembling to torch. The O-ring P/
N 638797 inside the torch body that seals the nozzle
is especially critical. Because of its location, damage
or wear is not readily apparent. Replacing this ring on
a daily basis is recommended. Be careful not to
scratch or damage the inside surface of the torch. A
toothpick works well for removing the O-ring. The ring
can be replaced without removing the water baffle P/
N 21725, if however the baffle is to be removed,
always use a 3/16 inch (5 mm) hex wrench or nut
driver.
6.7PT-24 CONSUMABLE REMOVAL,
INSPECTION AND INSTALLATION
WARNING
!
Make sure power switch on the console is in the OFF
position and primary input power is disconnected.
NOTE
When changing consumables, if the nozzle retainer/
diffuser seems especially stubborn and difficult to remove, the console is probably still on. With the console
on, the pump will be running and coolant pressure behind
the retainer will prevent it from turning freely. Check the
console before making further attempts to remove the
nut. Notice also that a small amount of coolant will be lost
each time consumables are removed. This is normal and
eventually the coolant will have to be replaced. Check the
coolant before each operation.
A. Removal and Inspection
78
SECTION 6 MAINTENANCE
passages for blockage. Clear blockages with an
1. Unscrew the shield cup retainer. The cup may
come free with the retainer or stay on the torch. If
on the torch, pluck it free with your thumbnail.
Inspect the cup for damage around the orifice, if
the edge of the orifice is damaged, it must be
replaced. Straight cuts cannot be produced if this
orifice is distorted.
air stream, if blockages cannot be cleared, replace the baffle. Do NOT insert anything in these
holes in an effort to clear them. Distortion of these
holes will impair cutting performance.
6. Unscrew the electrode with the aid of the tool
provided.
2. The shield cup insulator is sandwiched between
the insulator shield retainer and the nozzle retainer/diffuser and may stay attached to nozzle
retainer because of the very close fit-up between
these members.
3. Unscrew the nozzle retainer/diffuser. Inspect for
any damage especially where the retainer contacts the nozzle. The innerface between the
retainer and the nozzle creates a metal to metal
seal for the coolant. Any damage to this sealing
surface will cause a leak and poor cutting will
result. Replace as necessary, do not attempt to
repair. Check the small gas passages for blockages. Clear blockages with an air stream.
4. The nozzle is removed with the aid of the tool
provided. Place the slot around the groove in the
nozzle and pull the nozzle free.
5. Remove the swirl baffle from the nozzle. If the
baffle remains in the torch, it will come free with
the removal of the electrode. Check the small gas
B. Installation
1. Electrode - Apply a thin film of silicone grease to
the O-ring, just enough to produce a shiny surface, thread the electrode in place and snug tight
with the tool provided. Do NOT overtighten.
2. Nozzle & Swirl Baffle - Place the swirl baffle into
the nozzle being careful not to get anything in the
small gas passages. Push this assembly into the
torch.
3. Nozzle Retainer/Diffuser - To prevent leakage
between the nozzle and nozzle retainer, moisten
the corner of a clean, dry, lint-free cloth with a very
small smount of Krytox grease P/N 73585064.
Wipe the inner surface of the nozzle retainer that
comes in contact with the nozzle. Use care to
apply a very thin film to ensure a proper seal.
Thread the nozzle retainer onto torch and hand
tighten.
4. Shield Cup Insulator - Push the shield cup insulator on the nozzle retainer.
The signal exchange between the PLC and external
devices are both time and condition dependent. If
a required signal is not received in the proper
sequence, the PLC will discontinue the process and
WARNING
!
ELECTRIC SHOCK CAN KILL! Be sure that all primary
power to the machine has been externally disconnected. Open the line (wall) disconnect switch or
circuit breaker before attempting inspection or work
inside the power source.
WARNING
!
Capacitors can store high voltages even when power
is disconnected or unit is deenergized. Ensure
power supply capacitors are grounded prior to performing maintenance.
generate a fault signal to the CNC.
7.2 PROCESS TROUBLESHOOTING
A.Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).
The PLC is located in the Precision Plasma Power
Source. It is a device capable of providing predefined outputs depending on state of the inputs.
The precise conditions are programmed and permanently stored in the PLC. The PLC is visible
through the plexiglass window on the left side panel
of the power source.
The PLC will provide predefined outputs in response to input signals from external devices. This
exchange of signals can be confirmed by observing
the LEDs on the top of the PLC while troubleshooting. These indications are useful in isolating a
system failure to the most likely device.
The LEDs are divided into two groups; Input (0-15)
and Output (0-11). Input LEDs light when the
corresponding signal is detected by the PLC. Output LEDs light when the PLC issues a signal to an
external device.
LEDs are highly reliable indicators. It is not likely
that one will "burn out". However, if the technician
is not confident that the LEDs are working, the
presence of a signal can be confirmed by using a
meter and taking a measurement on the appropriate pin. Refer to the schematic and wiring diagrams.
81
SECTION 7TROUBLESHOOTING
PA202
AC100
-240V
INPUT
L2/N
1
234
12
omron
SYSMAC
CJ1M
PROGRAMMABLE
POWER
L1
NC
NC
CONTROLLER
CPU12
OPEN
MCPWR
BUSY
RUN
ERR/ALM
PRPHL
COMM
BKUP
SW SETTING
BATTERY
PERIPHERAL
PORT
INH
IA111
0
8
12
14
COM
COM
AC100V
7mA 50H z
8mA 60H z
109114512 13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
15
67
1514
OC201
0
L
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NC
AC250 V 2A
DC24V 2A
10
42356
CO
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
NC
321
OC201
0
L
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NC
AC250 V 2A
DC24V 2A
236547
CO
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
NC
701
1. Power Supply
5
2. CPU
3. AC Input Module
4. Relay Output Module
5. Flash Memory
Figure 7-1 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
Table 7-1 PLC Input/Output LEDs
INPUTOUTPUT
LEDFunctionLEDFunction
0Start/Stop1-0Travel
1Preflow1-1Hi-Frequency
2Arc-On1-2Pilot Arc Relay
3O2 Pressure1-3Power Source
4N2 Pressure1-4Start Pressure Switch Fault
5Reserved1-5Cut Gas Pressure Switch Fault
6Fault1-6Fault Output
7---82-0Start Gas On
2-1Cut Gas On
2-3Full Shield
2-4Regulated Shield
82
SECTION 7 TROUBLESHOOTING
7.3 TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES
Check the problem against the symptoms in the following troubleshooting guide. The remedy may be quite
simple. If the cause cannot be quickly located, shut off
the input power, open up the appropriate component,
and perform a simple visual inspection of all the components and wiring. Check for secure terminal connections, loose or burned wiring or components, bulged or
leaking capacitors, or any other sign of damage or
discoloration.
The cause of control malfunctions can be found by
referring to the sequence of operations (Figure 7-1) and
electrical schematic diagram (Figures 7-2, 7-3, 7-5 and 7-
8) and checking the various components. A voltohmmeter will be necessary for some of these checks.
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WARNING
!
Voltages in plasma cutting equipment are high enough
to cause serious injury or possibly death. Be particularly careful around equipment when the covers are
removed.
NOTE
Before checking voltages in the circuit, disconnect the
power from the high frequency generator to avoid damaging your voltmeter.