Installation, Operation and Maintenance Manual for the
PRECISION PLASMARC SYSTEM
with Electronic Flow Control
CUTTING SYSTEMS
411 s. Ebenezer Road
Florence, SC 29501-0545
The equipment described in this manual is
potentially hazardous. Use caution when
installing, operating and maintaining this
equipment.
Purchaser is solely responsible for the safe
operation and use of all products purchased,
including compliance with OSHA and other
government standards. ESAB Cutting
Systems has no liability for personal injury or
other damage arising out of the use of any
product manufactured or sold be ESAB. See
standard ESAB terms and conditions of sale
for a specific statement of ESAB’s
responsibilities and limitations on its liability.
ESAB Cutting Systems first priority is total
customer satisfaction. We constantly look for
ways to improve our products, service and
documentation. As a result, we make
enhancements and/or design changes as
required. ESAB makes every possible effort to
ensure our documentation is current. We
cannot guarantee that each piece of
documentation received by our customers
reflects the latest design enhancements.
Therefore, the information contained in this
document is subject to change without notice.
This manual is ESAB Part Number F15480
March-01 date reflects added cable part nos. in
Sect 2. Corrected Pressure in Section 6.
Dec.-01 Replacement parts section updated
This manual is for the convenience and use of the
cutting machine purchaser. It is not a contract or
other obligation on the part of ESAB Cutting
Systems.
7.12 Interface Cables and Hoses .......................................................................... 44
Customer/Technical Information Resource Back Manual Cover
iv
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.1 Introduction
The process of cutting metals with plasma equipment
1.2 Safety Notations And Symbols
provides industry with a valuable and versatile tool.
ESAB cutting machines are designed to provide both
operation safety and efficiency. However, as with
any machine tool, sensible attention to operating
procedures, precautions, and safe practices is
necessary to achieve a full measure of usefulness.
Whether an individual is involved with operation,
servicing, or as an observer, compliance with
established precautions and safe practices must be
accomplished. Failure to observe certain
precautions could result in serious personnel injury or
severe equipment damage. The following
precautions are general guidelines applicable when
working with cutting machines. More explicit
precautions pertaining to the basic machine and
accessories are found in the instruction literature.
For a wide scope of safety information on the field of
cutting and welding apparatus, obtain and read the
publications listed in the Recommended References.
The following words and symbols are used
throughout this manual. They indicate different
levels of required safety involvement.
ALERT or ATTENTION. Your safety is involved
!
DANGER
!
WARNING
!
CAUTION
!
CAUTION
NOTICE
or potential equipment failure exists. Used in
concurrence with other symbols and information.
Used to call attention to immediate hazards
which, if not avoided, will result in serious
personal injury or loss of life.
Used to call attention to potential hazards
that could result in personal injury or loss of
life.
Used to call attention to hazards that could
result in minor personal injury or equipment
damage.
Used to call attention to minor hazards to
equipment.
Used to call attention to important
installation, operation or maintenance
information not directly related to safety
hazards.
1-1
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.3 General Safety Information
WARNING
!
Machine starts automatically.
This equipment moves in various directions and
speeds.
• Moving machinery can crush.
• Only qualified personnel should operate or
service equipment.
WARNING
!
• Keep all personnel, materials, and equipment
not involved in production process clear of
entire system area.
• Keep gear racks and rails clear of debris or
obstructions, such as tools or clothing.
• Fence off entire work cell to prevent
personnel from passing through area or
standing in the working envelope of the
equipment.
• Post appropriate WARNING signs at every
work cell entrance.
• Follow lockout procedure before servicing.
Failure to follow operating instructions
could result in death or serious injury.
Read and understand this operator’s manual
before using machine.
• Read entire procedure before operating or
performing any system maintenance.
• Special attention must be given to all
hazard warnings that provide essential
information regarding personnel safety
and/or possible equipment damage.
• All safety precautions relevant to electrical
equipment and process operations must be
strictly observed by all having system
responsibility or access.
• Read all safety publications made available
by your company.
1-2
SECTION 1 SAFETY
Failure to follow safety warning label
WARNING
!
1.4 Installation Precautions
instructions could result in death or
serious injury.
Read and understand all safety warning labels
on machine.
Refer to operator’s manual for additional
safety information.
WARNING
!
Improperly installed equipment can cause
injury or death.
Follow these guidelines while installing machine:
Do not connect a cylinder directly to machine
inlet. An appropriate cylinder regulator must be
installed on a fuel gas cylinder to reduce
pressure to a reasonable inlet supply pressure.
Machine regulator is then used to obtain
pressure required by torches.
Contact your ESAB representative before
installation. He can suggest certain precautions
regarding piping installation and machine lifting,
etc. to ensure maximum security.
Never attempt any machine modifications or
apparatus additions without first consulting a
qualified ESAB representative.
Observe machine clearance requirements for
proper operation and personnel safety.
1-3
SECTION 1 SAFETY
•
1.5 Electrical Grounding
Electrical grounding is imperative for proper machine
operation and SAFETY. Refer to this manual’s
Installation section for detailed grounding
instructions.
Electric shock hazard.
WARNING
!
Improper grounding can cause severe injury or
WARNING
!
death.
Machine must be properly grounded before put
into service.
Improper grounding can damage machine
and electrical components.
• Machine must be properly grounded before
put into service.
• Cutting table must be properly grounded to a
good Earth ground rod.
1.6 Operating A Plasma Cutting Machine
WARNING
!
WARNING
!
Flying debris and loud noise hazards.
• Hot spatter can burn and injure eyes. Wear
goggles to protect eyes from burns and flying
debris generated during operation.
• Chipped slag may be hot and fly far.
Bystanders should also wear goggles and
safety glasses.
• From plasma arc can damage hearing. Wear
correct ear protection when cutting above
water.
Burn hazard.
Hot metal can burn.
• Do not touch metal plate or parts immediately
after cutting. Allow metal time to cool, or
douse with water.
Do not touch plasma torch immediately after
1-4
SECTION 1 SAFETY
cutting. Allow torch time to cool.
1-5
SECTION 1 SAFETY
WARNING
!
Hazardous voltages. Electric shock
can kill.
• Do NOT touch plasma torch, cutting table or
cable connections during plasma cutting
process.
• Always turn power off to plasma power
supplies before touching or servicing plasma
torch.
• Always turn power off to plasma power
supplies before opening or servicing plasma
plumbing or flow control box.
• Do not touch live electrical parts.
• Keep all panels and covers in place when
machine is connected to power source.
• Insulate yourself from workpiece and
electrical ground: wear insulating gloves,
shoes and clothing.
• Keep gloves, shoes, clothing, work area, and
equipment dry.
WARNING
!
Pinch hazard.
Moving vertical slides can crush or pinch.
Keep hands clear of torch and slide during
operation.
Fume hazard.
WARNING
!
Fumes and gases generated by the plasma
cutting process can be hazardous to your health.
• Do NOT breathe fumes.
• Do not operate plasma torch without fume
removal system operating properly.
• Use additional ventilation to remove fumes if
necessary.
•Use approved respirator if ventilation is not
1-6
SECTION 1 SAFETY
adequate.
1-7
SECTION 1 SAFETY
WARNING
!
Radiation hazard.
Arc rays can injure eyes and burn skin.
• Wear correct eye and body protection.
• Wear dark safety glasses or goggles with side
shields. Refer to following chart for
recommended lens shades for plasma
cutting:
Arc Current Lens Shade
Up to 100 Amps Shade No. 8
100-200 Amps Shade No. 10
200-400 Amps Shade No. 12
Over 400 Amps Shade No. 14
• Replace glasses/goggles when lenses are
pitted or broken
• Warn others in area not to look directly at the
arc unless wearing appropriate safety
glasses.
• Prepare cutting area to reduce reflection and
transmission of ultraviolet light.
• Paint walls and other surfaces with dark
colors to reduce reflections.
• Install protective screens or curtains to
reduce ultraviolet transmission.
WARNING
!
Ruptured Gas Cylinders Can Kill
Mishandling gas cylinders can rupture and
violently release gas.
• Avoid rough handling of cylinders.
• Keep cylinder valves closed when not in use.
• Maintain hoses and fittings in good condition.
• Always secure cylinders in an upright
position by chain or strap to a suitable stable
object not part of an electrical circuit.
• Locate cylinders away from heat, sparks and
flames. Never strike an arc on a cylinder.
• Refer to CGA Standard P-1, “Precautions for
Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in
Cylinders”, available from Compressed Gas
Association.
1-8
SECTION 1 SAFETY
WARNING
!
CAUTION
Spark hazard.
Heat, spatter, and sparks cause fire and burns.
• Do not cut near combustible material.
• Do not cut containers that have held
combustibles.
• Do not have on your person any combustibles
(e.g. butane lighter).
• Pilot arc can cause burns. Keep torch nozzle
away from yourself and others when
activating plasma process.
• Wear correct eye and body protection.
• Wear gauntlet gloves, safety shoes and hat.
• Wear flame-retardant clothing that covers all
exposed areas.
• Wear cuffless trousers to prevent entry of
sparks and slag.
POOR PERFORMANCE WILL RESULT
WHEN CUTTING ABOVE WATER.
The PT-24 is designed to be a dry cutting
process.
Cutting above water may result in:
• reduced consumable life
• degradation of cut quality
Cutting above water may result in poor cutting
performance. Water vapor created when hot
material or sparks contact liquid may cause
arcing inside torch.
When cutting on a water table, reduce the water
level to provide maximum clearance between
water and material.
1-9
SECTION 1 SAFETY
WARNING
!
Explosion hazard.
Certain molten aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloys
can cause explosions when plasma cut OVER
water.
Do not plasma cut the following Al-Li alloys
with water :
safety information regarding hazards
associated with these alloys
1.7 Service Precautions
.
CAUTION
CAUTION
!
Establish and adhere to preventive maintenance.
A composite program can be established from
recommended schedules in the instruction
literature.
Avoid leaving test equipment or hand tools on
machine. Severe electrical or mechanical
damage could occur to equipment or machine.
Extreme caution should be used when probing
circuitry with an oscilloscope or voltmeter.
Integrated circuits are susceptible to over voltage
damage. Power off before using test probes to
prevent accidental shorting of components.
All circuit boards securely seated in sockets, all
cables properly connected, all cabinets closed
and locked, all guards and covers replaced
before power is turned on.
Never plug or unplug a printed circuit board
while machine power is on. Instantaneous
surges of voltage and current can damage
electronic components.
1-10
SECTION 1 SAFETY
1.8 Safety References
The following nationally recognized publications on safety in welding
and cutting operations are recommended. These publications have
been prepared to protect persons from injury or illness and to protect
property from damage, which could result from unsafe practices.
Although some of these publications are not related specifically to
this type of industrial cutting apparatus, the principles of safety apply
equally.
•“Precautions and Safe Practices in Welding and Cutting with
Oxygen-Fuel Gas Equipment,” Form 2035. ESAB Cutting
Systems.
•“Precautions and Safe Practices for Electric Welding and
Cutting,” Form 52-529. ESAB Cutting Systems.
•“Safety in Welding and Cutting” - ANSI Z 49.1, American Welding
•“Recommended Safe Practices for Shielded Gases for Welding
and Plasma Arc Cutting” - AWS C5.10-94, American Welding
Society.
•“Recommended Practices for Plasma Arc Welding” - AWS C5.1,
American Welding Society.
•“Recommended Practices for Arc Cutting” - AWS C5.2, American
Welding Society.
• “Safe Practices” - AWS SP, American Welding Society.
• “Standard for Fire Protection in Use of Cutting and Welding
Procedures” - NFPA 51B, National Fire Protection Association,
60 Batterymarch Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02110.
•“Standard for Installation and Operation of Oxygen - Fuel Gas
Systems for Welding and Cutting” - NFPA 51, National Fire
Protection Association.
•“Safety Precautions for Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon, Helium, Carbon
Dioxide, Hydrogen, and Acetylene,” Form 3499. ESAB Cutting
Systems. Obtainable through your ESAB representative or local
distributor.
•"Design and Installation of Oxygen Piping Systems," Form 5110.
ESAB Cutting Systems.
•“Precautions for Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in
Cylinders”, CGA Standard P-1, Compressed Gas Association.
Literature applicable to safe practices in welding and cutting with
gaseous materials is also available from the Compressed Gas
Association, Inc., 500 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10036.
1-11
SECTION 1 SAFETY
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1-12
SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION
2.1 General
2.2 Scope
2.3 Package Options Available
Precision Plasmarc package options available through your ESAB dealer
PT-24 Torch Electronic Flow Series A/M (one required)
Power Bundle (one required)
Gas Line Bundle (one required)
10 ft. (3 m) P/N 21917
200/230/380/415/460/575) 3-phase 50/60 Hz
The Precision Plasmarc System consists of four
separate components. The power source, the
junction box, the flow control box, and the PT-24
torch. The power source provides power and
coolant to the PT-24 torch via the junction box.
The purpose of this manual is to provide the
operator with all the information required to install
and operate the Precision Plasmarc System.
Technical reference material is also provided to
assist in troubleshooting the cutting package.
P/N 37357
4.5 ft. (1.4 m) P/N 0558001463
12 ft. (4.4 m) P/N 0558001877
17 ft. (5.2 m) P/N 0558001464
12 ft. (3.6 m) P/N 22428
25 ft. (7.6 m) P/N 21905
40 ft. (12.2 m) P/N 22504
60 ft. (18 m) P/N 21906
80 ft. (24.4 m) P/N 22505
100 ft. (30 m) P/N 21907
10 ft. (3 m) P/N 37533
20 ft. (6 m) P/N 37534
30 ft. (9 m) P/N 37535
60 ft. (18 m) P/N 37536
100 ft. (30 m) P/N 37537
20 ft. (6 m) P/N 21918
Standard Cable30 ft. (9 m) P/N 21919
60 ft. (18 m) P/N 21920
Control Lead – Flow Console to Junction Box
(one required)
Flex cable (recommended
for power track applications)
2-1
100 ft. (30 m) P/N 21921
10 ft. (3 m) P/N 56997111
20 ft. (6 m) P/N 56997112
30 ft. (9 m) P/N 56997113
40 ft. (12 m) P/N 0560986745
60 ft. (18 m) P/N 56997114
100 ft. (30 m) P/N 56997115
SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION
30 ft. (9.1 m ) P/N 57002248
50 ft. (15.2 m) P/N 57002249
Control Lead – Power Source to Cutting Machine I/O
High Frequency Power Cable – Power Supply to Junction
Box –or- Power Supply to Cutting Machine I/O, depending
on configuration
• Control lead from the power source to customer CNC is supplied based on customer order.
• Gas supply, hoses, work lead and input primary cable are all supplied by the customer.
• See Process Data Sheets for a list of torch consumable parts.
2.4 Precision Plasma Technical Specifications
75 ft. (22.8 m ) P/N 57002250
100 ft. (30.5 m) P/N 57002251
160 ft. (48.8 m) P/N 57002252
3 ft. (.9 m) P/N 57000419
50 ft. (15.2 m) P/N 57000420
75 ft. (22.8 m) P/N 57000421
100 ft. (30.5 m) P/N 57000422
125 ft. (38.1 m) P/N 57000423
150 ft. (45.7 m) P/N 57000424
175 ft. (53.3 m) P/N 57000425
200 ft. (61 m) P/N 57000426
2.4.1 System
Input Voltage 200/230/380/415/460/575 V 3 phase 50/60 Hz
Input Current 65/60/50/40/30/25 amps per phase
Power Factor 0.95
Output Current Range 15-100 amps dc
Output Load Voltage 120 V dc
Duty Cycle 100%
Open Circuit Voltage 315 V dc
2-2
SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION
42" (1067mm)
POWER SUPPLY
O
L
I
P
R
L
O
R
T
N
O
C
T
N
E
R
R
U
C
N
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S
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R
22" (559mm)
WEIGHT = 560 lbs. (254 kg)
A
C
R
A
M
S
A
L
P
T
C
R
E
W
O
P
19.75" (502mm)
44" (1118mm)
ELEC TR O NI C FLOW CO NTROL BO X
12.25" (311mm)
JUNCTION BOX
10.62" (270mm)
WEIGHT = 26.5 lbs.(12 kg)
2
O
2
N
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A
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A
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A
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S
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P
2
.
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R
A
12" (305mm)
WEIGHT = 51 lbs. (23 kg)
6.75" (171mm)
14.5" (1118mm)
H
T
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M
5
3
-
H
2
N
2
N
2
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2-3
SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION
2.4.2 Plasma Gas Technical Specifications
Type O
Pressure 125 psig (8.6 bars)
Flow
Purity Required*
Recommended Liquid Cylinder
Service Regulators
Recommended Cylinder 2-Stage
Regulators
Recommended Heavy –Duty Hi-flow
Station or Pipeline Regulators
Recommended High-capacity Station
or Pipeline Regulators
Gas Filter Required 25 micron w/bowl guard (P/N 56998133)
Type Water-Cooled, Dual Gas
Rating 100 amps @ 100 % duty cycle
Dimensions See Package Options (2.3)
2-4
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.1 General
NOTICE
Proper installation can contribute materially to the
satisfactory and trouble-free operation of the
Precision Plasmarc System. It is suggested that
each step in this section be studied and carefully
followed.
3.2 Equipment Required
3.3 Location
•Gas Supply and Hoses. Gas supply may be from
a bulk source or from a bank of manifold
cylinders and regulated to supply 125 psig (8.6
bar) to the Flow Control (gas flowing).
•Work Lead. No. 4 AWG cable is recommended
for connecting workpiece to power source.
• Primary Input Cable.
• 25 micron gas filters (or better) are required on
the supply side for the EFC to function properly.
•Ventilation is necessary to provide proper cooling
of the power supply.
•Minimize dirt, dust and exposure to external heat
sources.
•Allow a minimum of two feet clearance around
the power supply for free air movement.
Do Not Restrict Air Flow
CAUTION
!
Restricting intake air with any type of filter on or
around the power supply may void the warranty.
3-1
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.4 Primary Electrical Input Connections
Electric Shock Can Kill!
DANGER
!
Provide maximum protection against electrical
shock.
Before any connections are made inside the
machine, open the line (wall) disconnect switch
and unplug the power cord.
WARNING
!
Input Power Configuration
Machine must be properly configured for your
input power.
The machine is shipped from the factory
configured for 575 V, 60 Hz input.
Do NOT connect a power source of any other
voltage unless machine is reconfigured. Damage
to the machine will occur.
Recommended Sizes For Input Conductors And Line Fuses
A line (wall) disconnect switch with fuses or circuit
breakers should be provided at the main power
panel.
Connect the input power cable of the power source
directly to the disconnect switch or a proper plug and
receptacle may be purchased from a local electrical
supplier. (See table on the next page for
recommended input conductors and fuses )
Input requirements
Volts Phase Amps
Input & ground
conductor,
cu/awg/mm
2
Fuse ratings /
phase, amps
3-2
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
The following procedure explains the proper
installation steps for connecting primary electrical
power to the power source.
1. Remove right side panel.
2. Ensure input power cable is disconnected from
all electrical sources.
3. Route input power cable through the strain relief
located at the rear panel.
Ground Connection
TB2
TB1
200
230
380
415
460
575
200
230
380
415
460
575
200
230
380
415
460
575
200
230
380
415
460
575
K1
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
Input Power Cable
(Customer supplied)
Main
Contactor
7 Position
Terminal Block
Auto
Transformer
Factory Wired
for 575 volts
4. Pull input power cable through the strain relief to
allow cable wires sufficient length to connect to
the main contactor. Tighten strain relief to
ensure input power cable is secured.
5. Connect input power cable ground wire to the
ground lug provided on the base of the power
source.
6. Connect three power leads of the input power
cable to the terminals located atop the main
contactor. Secure the leads by tightening each
screw.
7. Connect jumper power cables from the bottom of
the main contactor to the proper input voltage
marked on the auto transformer. The unit is
factory set for 575 V as shown to the left.
CAUTION
!
Input Power Jumper Connection
Ensure each input power jumper cable is
connected to the correct input voltage on auto
transformer.
Factory wired for 575 V.
8. Connect jumper wire to the proper input voltage
connector located on the 7-position terminal block.
TB2
3-3
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.5 Interconnecting Lines
Black
Red/Orange
Yellow
Blue
1. All interconnecting service lines supplied are
numbered or color coded on each end with
corresponding numbers/colors marked on the
cabinets.
Mounting Plate
Gas Line Bundle
Gas Bundle
Installation
2. Connect all four lines in Gas Line Bundle to
Flow Control Box and Junction Box. Lines and
connections are color coded. In addition,
mounting plate hole spacing is asymmetrical to
prevent improper connection. Order of colors
should be: blue, yellow, red/orange, black
3-4
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
Power supply and EFC Connections to J-Box
Power Supply Bundle
Power Supply Negative
Connection
Pilot Arc
Connection
#6 Hose Connection
(to power source)
#7 Hose
Connection
(from power
source)
Gas Bundle
Connections
Control Lead Connection
from EFC
3. Connect power and coolant lines in Power
Supply Bundle from power source to junction
box. Power bundle consists of #6 and # 7
coolant lines (with 5/8-18 L.H. fittings), power
cable (#3 AWG) and yellow pilot arc cable
(#16 AWG). Both coolant lines are stamped
with a 6 or 7 on the fitting to assist in
identification.
3-5
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
Torch Bundle
Torch Hose/Power
Cable Connection
Torch
Solenoid
Electrical
Connection
Torch Pilot Arc
Connection
Junction Box to Torch
4. Connect Torch Bundle Leads/Hoses to
Junction box. (see Interconnecting Block
Diagram)
Before connecting gas delivery lines to the
Electronic Flow Control, purge all lines
thoroughly. Residue from the hose
manufacturing process may clog/damage the
proportional valves in your EFC.
1/4 NPT
5. Purge gas lines between supply and the EFC
before connecting. Proportional valves in the
EFC are very sensitive to dust and other
foreign particles.
25 micron Gas Filter
25μ Filters
N
O
2
2
6. Connect Gas Delivery lines to Electronic Flow
Control. Install 25 micron Gas filters in all
delivery lines between gas source and EFC.
AirCH
4
Ar
3-8
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
Power Source
Rating
Label
Pilot Arc
Work
Torch
600 amp
Bus Fuse
Remove Access Cover
Pilot Arc
Work
Torch
CNC Control Lead
Flow Control
Lead
7. Remove panel from rear of console and attach
the pilot-arc, torch and work lead.
Serial
Tag
8. Connect control lead between the console and
the Electronic Flow Control. Connect coolant
lines of the Power Bundle.
Coolant In from Torch
# 6 Connection
Coolant Out to Torch
# 7 Connection
CONTROL LEAD
3-9
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.6 Torch Mounting
CAUTION
Do Not Cover Vent Hole.
When mounting, do not to cover the small vent
hole in the side of the sleeve. This hole allows
coolant to drain from inside the sleeve should a
leak occur in a service line.
Torch Mounting Options.
1.812" (46mm)
Diameter Collar
2.0" (51mm)
Diameter Sleeve
Vent Hole
• The torch is normally mounted by the 2.0 inch
diameter (51mm) sleeve. Do not cover vent hole.
• For custom alternative mounting, the torch can
be mounted by the 1.812" (46 mm) dia collar
shown. This insulated collar and its shoulder are
machined relative to the nozzle retainer thread on
the torch body.
• Use only specified mounting surfaces
3-10
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.7 Torch Coolant
PILOT
CONTROL
CURRENT
RECISION PLASMARC
ARC
POWER
• Remove coolant fill cap at front of console and fill
coolant tank with 4 gallons (15 liters) of plasma
coolant, P/N 156F05 (one gallon).
Coolant
Fill Cap
CAUTION
!
3.8 Inspection of Gas and Coolant Lines
• Do not fill above maximum level
• Reinstall Cap.
Commercial Antifreeze Will Cause Torch To
Malfunction
Use Special Torch Coolant! P/N156F05
Due to high electrical conductivity, DO NOT use
tap water or commercial antifreeze for torch
cooling. A specially formulated torch coolant is
REQUIRED. This coolant also protects for
freezing to –34° C.
Operating the unit without coolant will cause
permanent damage to the coolant pump.
To complete installation, it is necessary to inspect field
assembled connections for leaks.
•Gas lines, use a standard soap solution.
Pressurize the system from the control (SDP file)
•Coolant- check connections for signs of moisture at
connections
3-11
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
3.9 Replacement of EPROM in the Plasmarc Power Source Programmable Logic
Controller (PLC)
CAUTION
!
CAUTION
!
The Precision Plasmarc System may be shipped
configured for a manual flow control (Series “A”).
If so, the EPROM in the Programmable Logic
Controller must be replaced with an EFC EPROM.
This EFC EPROM is shipped with the power
source.
Using the Wrong EPROM Could Result In
Damaged System Components
The Series “A” and the EFC EPROMs are
programmed with different software. The EFC
EPROM ignores the process gas pressure
switch inputs and does not include the
process gas purge required for the Series “A”.
Mishandling Can Damage Electronic
Components.
Handle electronic components with care.
• Do not drop
• Do not bend pins
• Do not touch circuit components- handle
along edges when possible
Electronic Components Are Subject To
CAUTION
!
WARNING
!
Electro-Static-Discharge (ESD) Damage
Integrated Circuit parts are sensitive to over
voltages. The damage may not be seen
immediately but show up as a premature
failure.
The EFC EPROM is shipped in an anti-static
bag. Store EPROM in this bag.
Wear a protective ground strap when handling
sensitive electronic components.
Electric shock Can Kill!
Unplug power cable from wall to power source
before any connections or adjustments are
made inside power source.
3-12
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
T
O
L
I
P
C
R
A
R
E
W
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P
C
R
A
M
S
A
L
P
N
O
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S
I
1. Ensure the Plasmarc Power Source is
disconnected from electricity source.
2. Expose the PLC by removing the left side
panel of the Plasmarc Power Source.
3. Pop the EPROM cover on the PLC to expose
the EPROM.
PLC
Left Side Panel
L
O
R
T
N
O
C
T
N
E
R
R
U
C
C
E
R
EFC EPROM
Package Location
3-13
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION
Using An EPROM Puller Tool May Damage
CAUTION
Socket
Forcibly removing a clamped EPROM in the
PLC may cause the socket/EPROM to break.
Special Zero Force EPROM Socket is used to
eliminate the need for special tools.
EPROM Locked In Place
EPROM Lock Released
4. Remove the EPROM from the socket. THIS
DOES NOT REQUIRE A PULLER. Release
the clamp locking the EPROM in place, lift the
Series “A” EPROM from the socket.
5. Remove the EFC EPROM from the packaging.
6. Carefully align the EFC EPROM pins with the
socket holes and insert.
7. Lock the EPROM by moving the lever back
while holding the EPROM in place.
8. Replace the EPROM cover and the Power
Source left side panel.
EPPESA= Series “A” EPROM, manual flow
control
P/N 99513607
EPPSEFC= EFC EPROM, electronic flow control
P/N 99513608
3-14
SECTION 4 OPERATION
LOW
4.1 Power Supply Controls
4.1.1 Main Power Switch
EMERGENCY
STOP
DO NOT SWITCH
Main Power Switch
Controls the input power to the fan, water cooler and
the PC Board. Amber indicator light to the left of the
switch.
WHILE CUTTING
4.1.2 Pilot Arc Switch
EMERGENC Y
STOP
POWER
ON
WARNING
Pilot Arc Switch
Used to select HIGH or LOW Start Pilot Arc
depending on cutting conditions. See Process Data
for more information on which conditions High and
Low Start are used.
Adjusting Pilot Arc While in Operation Could
Damage Torch.
Do not adjust pilot arc switch while in operation.
Adjust before torch starts.
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-1
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.1.3 Fault Indicator Lights
4.1.4 Meters
Fault Indicator Lights
•Coolant flow will show low coolant flow. When
unit is turned on, the light will briefly show a fault
and then go out.
•Plasma Gas Pressure faultindicator -- low
Plasma Gas Pressure. Torch will not fire when
indicated. Not used for the EFC.
•Start Gas Pressure faultindicator -- low start
gas pressure. Torch will not fire when indicated.
Not used for the EFC.
•P/S Temp faultindicator -- over temperature in
the inverter power source. Power source will
shut down.
•P/S Fault Indicator– fault in plasma control PCB
in the inverter power source. Power source will
shut down.
•Over-Under Voltage faultIndicator -- indicate
input voltage is above or below the tolerances of
the PCU console. Will latch until power is
recycled by main power switch.
•Emergency Stop faultindicator -- shows CNC
Interlock condition. Power Source will not work.
•Cutting Current Meter (A) -- Displays actual
cutting current in amperes.
•Cutting Voltage Meter (V) -- Displays actual
cutting voltage.
4-2
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.1.5 Current Control Switch
Control Remote/Panel Switch
•Panel Position – Output current is set by the
output current dial
•Output Current Dial – sets the cutting current
when current setting is made from the console
front panel. Dial reads 0 to 99.9 amps. 70.0
amps shown.
•Remote Position – output current is set by the
CNC (or remote pot) with an analog dc signal
0-10 Vdc = 0-100 Adc
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-3
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2 Cut Quality
4.2.1 Introduction
NOTICE
Causes affecting cut quality are interdependent.
Changing one variable affects all others. Determining
a solution may be difficult. The following guide offers
possible solutions to different undesirable cutting
results. To begin select the most prominent condition:
4.2.2 Cut Angle, negative or positive
4.2.3 Cut not flat, rounded or undercut
4.2.4 Surface roughness
4.2.5 Dross
Usually the recommended cutting parameters will give
optimal cut quality, occasionally conditions may vary
enough that slight adjustments will be required. If so:
•Make small incremental adjustments when
making corrections.
• Adjust Arc Voltage in 5 volt increments, up or
down as required.
• Adjust cutting speed 5% or less as required
until conditions improve.
Before attempting ANY corrections, check cutting
variables with the factory recommended
settings/consumable part numbers listed in
Process Data.
4-4
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2.2 Cut Angle
Negative Cut Angle
Part
Top dimension is greater than the bottom.
• Misaligned torch
• Bent or warped material
• Worn or damaged consumables
• Standoff low (arc voltage)
• Cutting speed slow (machine travel rate)
Drop Part
Part
Drop Part
Positive Cut Angle
Top dimension is less than the bottom dimension.
• Misaligned torch
• Bent or warped material
• Worn or damaged consumables
• High standoff High (arc voltage)
• Cutting speed fast
• Current high or low. (See Process Data for
recommended current level for specific nozzles).
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-5
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2.3 Cut Flatness
Drop
Part
Top And Bottom Rounded
Condition usually occurs when material is .25” thick
(6,4mm) or less.
•High current for given material thickness (See
Process Data for proper settings).
Top Edge Undercut
• Standoff low (Arc Voltage)
Drop Part
4-6
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2.4 Surface Finish
Process Induced Roughness
Cut face is consistently rough. May or may not be
confined to one axis.
•Incorrect Shield Gas mixture (See Process Data)
Top View
Machine Induced
or
Process Induced
Roughness
Roughness
• Worn or damaged consumables
Machine Induced Roughness
Can be difficult to distinguish from Process Induced
Roughness. Often confined to only one axis.
Roughness is inconsistent.
•Dirty rails, wheels and/or drive rack/pinion.
(Refer to Maintenance Section in machine
owners manual).
•Carriage wheel adjustment
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-7
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2.5 Dross
Dross is a by-product of the cutting process. It is the
undesirable material that remains attached to the
part. In most cases, dross can be reduced or
eliminated with proper torch and cutting parameter
Lag Lines
Cut Face
Roll over
setup. Refer to Process Data.
High Speed Dross
Material weld or rollover on bottom surface along
kerf. Difficult to remove. May require grinding or
chipping. “S” shaped lag lines.
•Standoff high (arc voltage)
Side view
Lag Lines Cut Face
Globules
• Cutting speed fast
Slow Speed Dross
Forms as globules on bottom along kerf. Removes
easily.
•Cutting speed slow
4-8
Side View
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Side View Splatter
Top Dross
Appears as splatter on top of material. Usually
removes easily.
• Cutting speed fast
• Standoff high (arc voltage).
Cut Face
Intermittent Dross
Appears on top or bottom along kerf.
Non-continuous. Can appear as any kind of dross
•Possible worn consumables
Other Factors Affecting Dross;
• Material temperature
• Heavy mill scale or rust
• High carbon alloys
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-9
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.2.6 Dimensional Accuracy
NOTICE
Generally using the slowest possible speed (within
approved levels) will optimize part accuracy. Select
consumables to allow a lower arc voltage and slower
cutting speed.
Recommended cutting speed and arc voltage will
give optimal cutting performance in most cases.
Small incremental adjustments may be needed
due to material quality, material temperature and
specific alloy. The operator should remember
that all cutting variables are interdependent.
Changing one setting affects all others and cut
quality could deteriorate. Always start at the
recommended settings.
NOTICE
Before attempting ANY corrections, check
cutting variables with the factory recommended
settings/consumable part numbers listed in the
Process Data.
4-10
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.3 Influence of Gas Options on Cut Quality
4.3.1 Introduction
All gases are not suitable for all situations. Certain
gases assist in cutting specific materials and
thickness. The following explains why certain gases
are selected and their influence on the finished part.
Other influences such as arc voltage and gas
flow/pressure are covered in the Process Data.
NOTICE
4.3.2 Aluminum
Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
Material
Refer to Cutting Process Data in this section for
recommended flow/pressure settings.
All thickness’ between .062" to .625" (1,6 mm to 15,9 mm)
• Smooth cut face
• Virtually no dross
Nitrogen
Nitrogen/Methane
Shield mixture is very important. Between 2 and 3 parts nitrogen, to 1
part methane ratio is desired. Incorrect ratio results in heavy dross.
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-11
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Refer to Cutting Process Data in the PT24
NOTICE
Manual for recommended flow/pressure
settings.
4.3.3 Carbon Steel
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
26 GA (.018") to 10 GA (.135") (0,5 mm to 3,4 mm)
• Smooth cut face
• Virtually no dross
Oxygen
Oxygen/Nitrogen
Shield gas is normally nitrogen. A small amount of oxygen combined
with nitrogen can effectively improve dross formation on thin material
of 26 GA to 10 GA carbon steel. Also, an oxygen only shield may
provide acceptable results on thinner materials.
.125" to .75" (3,2 mm to 19,1 mm)
• Smooth cut face
• Virtually no dross
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Cutting carbon steel with oxygen results in an exothermic reaction.
This chemical reaction causes the carbon in the material to burn
similar to when oxy-fuel cutting. This plus the electrical energy uses
lower amperage levels without sacrificing cut speed.
4-12
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
Refer to Cutting Process Data in the PT24
NOTICE
4.3.4 Stainless Steel
Manual for recommended flow/pressure
settings.
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
22 GA (.028") to 16 GA (.062") (0,7 mm to 1,6 mm)
• Positive cut angle
• Excellent dross performance
• Shiny cut surface.
Nitrogen
Nitrogen/Methane
Because of high cut speeds, a positive cut face angle is expected.
Use a 70-amp nozzle at 50 amps to allow more gas to exit the nozzle.
26 GA (.018") to 16 GA (.062") (0,5 mm to 1,6 mm)
• Dark cut face
• Virtually dross free
• Improved cut squareness
Oxygen
Oxygen/Nitrogen
Low amperage cutting/slower speeds produce squarer cuts in thin
materials. The oxygen allows for a lower arc voltage, improving cut
squareness. The “B” nozzle is used at 30 amps
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
.125" to .625" (3,2 mm to 15,9 mm)
• Cut edge dark
• good dross performance
• Good cut angle
Air
Air
When they are the same, the shield and plasma gases combine. This
combination has the effect of increasing the cut gas flow/pressure.
This increased flow/pressure directly influences cut squareness.
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
4-13
SECTION 4 OPERATION
NOTICE
Stainless Steel
Refer to Cutting Process Data for recommended
flow/pressure settings.
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
.125" to .625" (3,2 mm to 15,9 mm)
• Matted cut edge appearance
• Light gray color
• Much smoother finish
• Possible slight increase in cut angle
Air
Air/Methane
Too much methane in the shield gas mixture can result in more dross
formation. 4:1 ratio air to methane is recommended. Because
methane is a fuel gas, possible slight increase in cut angles could be
experienced.
.125" to .625" (3,2 mm to 15,9 mm)
• Dark cut face similar to air
• Excellent dross performance
• Good cut angle
Nitrogen
Nitrogen
Shield and plasma gases combine, the volume/pressure of shield gas
can negatively affect cut squareness. Higher shield volume produces
a negative cut angle. A lower volume, produces a positive angle.
4-14
Material Thickness:
Cut Qualities:
Plasma Gas:
Shield Gas:
Discussion:
.187" to .625" (4,7 mm to 15,9 mm)
• Shiny cut face
• Lip formation at the bottom
• Dross formation can be extensive and difficult to remove
Nitrogen
Nitrogen/Methane
Because methane is a fuel gas, flow/pressure rates can affect the cut
angle. High flow/pressure results in a negative cut angle, low
flow/pressure results in a positive cut angle. Nitrogen to methane ratio
is 10 to 14 parts N
/ 1 part CH4. The lip formed on the cut face bottom
2
is severe, making Nitrogen/Methane shield gas combination unsuitable
for some finished part applications.
Precision Plasma with Electronic Flow Control -
SECTION 4 OPERATION
4.4 Process Data
4.4.1 Introduction
The following information is a result of many hours of
testing and is a general guide for setting up and
cutting with a PT-24 Precision Plasmarc System. In
most cases these settings will provide a quality cut.
The data contains values for:
• cutting aluminum, carbon and stainless steel
• arc voltage (standoff)
• cutting speed
• current (amperes)
• gas flow rates for all plasma/shield gas
combinations
This same data is contained in SDP files. (See your
control manual for more information on SDP files.)