Copeland Scroll
many benefi ts of scroll compressor technology, coupled
with advanced diagnostic controls, to ensure reliable
performance and operation in foodservice applications.
Electronics are used extensively in its protection and
diagnostic features. These features are controlled by an
electronic integrated control board. The control board
provides base control functions related to temperature
controller, defrost, evaporator fan control, compressor
protection e.g. current overload, phase reversal, liquid/
vapor injection control, self diagnostics and warnings.
These error codes can be seen by an LED display for
easy and rapid troubleshooting and maintenance.
A complete product offering for medium and low
temperature HFC-404A units is being offered in single
and three phase 208/230 volts. The -002 and -012
BOM product is approved for operation in ambients
from 120°F to -10°F. The -022 BOM is featured with
the required components to operate in colder climates.
See Figure 1 for details. For applications outside these
guidelines, please contact Application Engineering.
Nomenclature/Features
See Figure 1 (page 6).
Understanding Actual vs. Standard Airfl ow
T o choose the proper coil for your application, the density
of the incoming air needs to be known to calculate the
actual capacity and performance of the system.
A coil’s required capacity can be calculated using the
thermodynamic equation
Q = M x Delta hr
Q = Heat transfer to or from the air (Btuh)
M = Mass fl ow rate of air (lb/hr)
Delta h = Difference between the entering and leaving
air enthalpy or total heat (Btu/lb)
The mass fl ow rate is equal to the density of air times
the face area of the coil times the velocity of the air at
the coil or face velocity.
M = P x A x V
P = Density (lb/ cubic ft.)
A = Face area of coil (square ft.) ~ Fin height x fi n length
V = Air Velocity (ft./min.)
SCFM= CFM X A1 X A2
Note: all calculations and ratings are based on standard
air at 70°F dry bulb temp and 29.92 Hg atmospheric
pressure (sea level). These tables convert non standard
cfm to standard cfm.
Performance Data
See Tables 1 and 2 (page 10).
Electrical / Physical Data
See
Table 3
Generator Requirements
In situations or locations were an electrical power
generator could be applied in the event of a power
outage, the Copeland Scroll® outdoor condensing unit
will operate providing the generator will provide a supply
voltage range of 180-260 VAC along with a frequency
of 47-63 Hz. The electronics control along with the
power board will function properly providing the range
of operating limits is in compliance!
Physical Dimensions
See Figure 2 (page 7).
Installation / Piping Instructions
See Figure 2 for overall dimensions of the units. It is
recommended that a clearance of 8 inches from the
wall (or the next unit) be maintained from the unit’s left
and rear panel whereas a clearance of 20 inches is to
be maintained from the unit's right, top and front panels.
Both service access and airfl ow have been considered
in making these recommendations. Where multiple
units are to be installed in the same location, careful
consideration for proper clearance needs to be given
to each individual unit.
Ideally, the unit should be mounted level on a solid
concrete slab with rubber strips between unit feet and
concrete. However, these units have been designed for
mounting on suitable brackets for wall mounting. In this
case it is equally important that the spatial guidelines
given above are followed, and additional consideration
needs to be given for possible air recycling if units are
stacked above and below each other. In general terms,
air by-pass around each condenser and between each
unit should be avoided at all times.
Pipe sizing should not only be of suffi cient size to ensure
optimum performance and good oil return, but it also
needs to take into account the full capacity range through
which this particular unit will need to operate. Follow the
ASHRAE guidelines for proper piping practices.
Condensing Unit Operational Control
The Digital Control electronic control board controls the
operation of the condensing unit. Whenever there is a
control input asking to start or stop the condensing unit,
the control board will execute a set of pre-programmed
procedures to do so. It also monitors the compressor
operating parameters, so as to protect the system from
unsafe operating parameters. See Figure 3 (page 8).
For example, when the low temperature unit experiences
an extreme temperature day , the control board decides
to switch from vapor-injection-optimization to discharge
gas temperature control to allow the compressor to run
safely and pass the extreme weather hours.
Control Features
The base control function is for the following standard
features. See Figure 3 for additional input options and
output options of the control board.
Fresh Start Program
This Fresh Start Program is a bump start procedure that
will energize and start the compressor for 3 seconds
and then will be followed by a 20 second off cycle time.
This will occur for 3 cycles, and then continuous power
will be supplied to the compressor for normal operation.
The Fresh Start Program will be executed on initial start
up or any time power is reapplied when the ambient
temperature is lower than 95°F. In addition, the Fresh
Start Program will be executed for any start when the
unit has been cycled off for more than an hour when the
ambient temperature is lower than 95°F.
Stop Program
When the unit is satisfi ed, or there is any error which
requires the unit to be shut down, the controller will
execute a Stop Program. The compressor and the
condenser fans will cycle off and the injection valves
will close.
For low temperature units only, when the unit is
satisfi ed the EXV will start closing immediately, but the
compressor will delay 5 seconds before shut down to
prevent reverse rotation of the compressor.
Automatic Liquid Injection (Medium temperature
units only)
Automatic Liquid Injection ensures that the scroll
compressor operates within a safe temperature limit.
This unit employs a patented liquid injection system
which injects a saturated refrigerant into the suction
line at the compressor. Activation of the liquid injection
valve is in response to a thermistor which is attached
to the compressor discharge line. A signal is sent to the
stepper motor of the injection valve, opening the valve
in response to increasing discharge temperatures and
injecting saturated refrigerant to reduce the discharge
temperature.
Compressor Phase Reversal
Compressor Phase Reversal senses for the correct
phase sequence on three phase applications. Reset is
automatic once the correct phase sequence is sensed.
An error message will be shown on the diagnostic LED.
Loss of Phase Protection
If three phase supply is incorrectly connected to the
contactor terminals, or if a missing phase is sensed, an
error message will be shown on the diagnostic LED.
Reset is automatic once the correct phasing is sensed.
Motor Current Overload
• All scroll compressors used in these condensing
units have an internal inherit motor protector.
• The Copeland Scroll Outdoor Condensing Unit is
also equipped with two current sensors (CT1, CT2)
to monitor the electrical current of the condensing
unit. If the condensing unit current exceeds a predefi ned current limit, the controller will take the
following actions:
For this function to operate, two of the power leads are
routed through the current sensing coils (CT1, CT2),
prior to the contactor, from the factory. See Figure 3.
Non-Adjustable High Pressure Control
This pressure sensing device is a nonadjustable, low
voltage pressure switch that will open at 435psig and
reset at 348psig in the event of high discharge pressure.
Its signal is monitored by the control board.
• In the event of a high pressure trip, the unit will stop
and then restart after a 3-minute delay.
• After 6 successive HP cut-outs within 1 hour, the
unit will lock-out.
• The lockout feature can be reset by disconnecting
the power source and then cycling power to the unit.
Adjustable Low Pressure Switch
An adjustable low pressure switch is provided as
standard equipment on both the medium and low
temperature condensing units. This control can be
used for a pump-down cycle if so desired. See T able 8, Low Pressure Control Settings (page 13). No error
message will be shown for this adjustable control.
Liquid Floodback Protection
• Liquid refrigerant entering the compressor during
the run cycle, in excessive quantities, can damage
the compressor by diluting the lubricant, as well
as excessive stress on several components in the
compressor. Proper control of liquid refrigerant
within the system is an application issue and is
beyond control of this controller. However, the
controller can perform checks and alert the user
that liquid refrigerant fl oodback may be occurring
and immediate fi eld service is required. This is
only a warning signal and will not terminate the
operation of the unit. See Tables 6 and 6a (page
13).
• Liquid Floodback Protection is acquired by
monitoring the compressor discharge temperature.
When the discharge line temperature falls below
a specifi ed point, low suction line superheat may
be the cause.
Crankcase Heater
The crankcase heater is wired through a normally closed
contact of the compressor contactor which is energized
whenever the compressor cycles off.
Condenser Fan Speed Control
The Condenser Fan Speed Control will vary the speed of
the condenser fan motor for head pressure control under
low ambient conditions. There are two thermistor type
sensors that are connected to the control board. These
sensors monitor the condenser mid coil temperatures
and ambient air temperatures to control the fan speed.
Enhanced Vapor Injection (EVI) Control (Low
temperature units only)
The EVI system improves low temperature operational
effi ciency and provides a reliable low temperature
envelope. It is used to optimize performance and to
prevent the scroll set from overheating. This is done by
controlling the discharge line temperature (DLT) and
vapor injection superheat (VISH).
Enhanced vapor injection is accomplished by utilizing a
subcooling circuit. A heat exchanger is used to subcool
the liquid refrigerant before it enters the evaporator. As
a result of the subcooling done by the heat exchanger,
refrigerant will also be evaporated. This evaporated
refrigerant is then injected into the mid compression
cycle of the scroll compressor for overheat temperature
control.
There are two thermistors sensing the discharge line
temperature, one is located at the discharge line of the
compressor and the second one is placed at the inlet of
the condenser coil. In order to have a higher temperature
resolution, the discharge line thermistor and condenser
coil inlet sensor cooperate to sense a temperature range
from 50°F to 329°F . The discharge line thermistor has a
sensing range from 163°F to 329°F and the condenser
coil will sense temperature from 50°F to 176°F . The EVI
system will keep the discharge line temperature below
230°F to ensure the safety of the compressor.
It is important to insulate the system liquid line from the
condensing unit to the evaporator. The recommended
insulation thickness is a minimum of ½ inch. Also the
lower liquid temperature can increase the evaporator
expansion valve capacities. Please follow the valve
manufactures recommended liquid temperature
correction factors for proper selection of the evaporator
expansion valve.
Electronic Expansion Value (EXV)
The Electronic Expansion Value (EXV) is a key part
of the EVI system. It will regulate vapor injection fl ow
to optimize the performance of system and cool the
scroll set. Every second, the control chip will collect the
thermistors reading and do a four second averaging.
The EXV opening will be changed every 20 seconds
and the variation is calculated by different ways based
on different purposes.
TXV selection
For EVI, Emerson recommends a balanced port TXV
because it offers a wider operating range for fl oating
liquid temperatures.
See Table 7 (page 14) for specifi cs regarding balanced
port sizing recommendations. Applied with the low temp
units it is recommended that a balanced port expansion
valve be used along with a complete review of the the
distributor & nozzle (orifi ce) that is supplied with the
Evaporator coil being matched with the applicable
condensing unit. Typically nozzles are selected for
standard TXV sizing using 100°F liquid, with the XJAL
those typical selections could be grossly oversized. See
Table 7 for the liquid correction safety factors when
selecting those components.
Other Inputs to the Control Board
Customer Supplied Control (Thermostat)
The control board will accept a normal 220 volt AC
input ON/OFF signal such as the switching action of a
normal commercial thermostat and relay. If the system
is controlled by low pressure control for a multiple
evaporator system and/or pump down system, the
control board will accept the signal directly from the
control. See Wiring Diagrams, pages 21-24, for proper
installation.
Other Outputs from the Control Board
Defrost Control Board
The defrost control board is a basic time initiated module
which is standard on the low temperature units and is
an add on feature for the medium temperature units.
The defrost control board can control either off-cycle or
electric defrost.
The defrost control board will control the liquid line
solenoid valve. When defrost is initiated the liquid line
solenoid valve will close and the unit will go into a
pumpdown cycle. When the suction pressure equals the
setting of the low pressure control, the compressor will
cycle off. After the defrost time has expired, the liquid line
solenoid valve opens and then the low pressure control
will allow the compressor to restart.
Due to heater amperage loads, electric defrost requires
an additional relay or contactor to energize the defrost
heater.
The defrost cycle can be executed either automatically
or manually . There are two rotary dip switches by which
the user can set up the defrost cycle, see Figure 4. One
rotary dipswitch sets the defrost duration (SW1) and the
second rotary dipswitch sets the time interval between
defrost cycles (SW2). For automatic defrost set SW1
and SW2 as desired. See Table 4 (page 11) for time
settings. The defrost control board also incorporates
a manual defrost button that enables a manual defrost
as an override to the rotary switch setting the defrost
interval. Upon the completion of a manual defrost, the
system will reset to the refrigeration cycle with the same
procedures as automatic defrost and then the automatic
defrost timer will reset.
For setting manual defrost only set SW1 as desired and
set SW2 to “0”. Whenever the manual defrost button
is pressed, one defrost cycle will be executed and the
duration of defrost will be determined by the setting of
the rotary dipswitch SW1.
Note: There is no method to terminate a defrost cycle
without resetting the control board.
Table 4 lists rotary dip switch settings for the Defrost
Control Board.
An ON/OFF output connection is provided on the
control board (JP10) for direct connection of a customer
supplied contactor coil/relay when the defrost option is
used. T erminals are male spade type. Coil voltage rating
should be 220V AC and current ratings, 30V A (hold) and
330VA (inrush). See Figure 6 (page 9).
For customers using their existing defrost timer,
remove the defrost cable connecting the defrost control
board to the unit control board. Also on the unit control
board change the mode setting dip-switch bit 2 to ON
and proceed to standard defrost wiring. See Table 5
(page 12)
Evaporator Fan Control
An ON/OFF output connection is also provided on the
control board (JP9) for direct connection of a customer
supplied contactor coil controlling the evaporator fans.
Terminals are the male spade type. Coil voltage rating
is to be 220VAC and a maximum power rating of 30VA
(hold) and 330VA (inrush). See Figure 6.
Diagnostic Display Board
Each condensing unit is supplied with a diagnostic
display board, see Figure 5 (page 13). A two character
display will make up the diagnostic/error code. The fi rst
character will display the unit status as shown in Table
6. The second character will display the error/warning
Fan MotorVariableVariableVariableVariable Variable Variable
Head Pressure ControlVSVSVSVSVSVS
Service ValvesBrassBrassBrassBrassBrassBrass
ReceiverXX XXXX
Liquid Shut OffXX XXXX
Filter DryerXX XXXX
Fixed HPXX XXXX
Adjustable LPXX XXXX
DiagnoscsXX XXXX
AccumulatorXXX
Oil SeperatorXXX
3 Minute An-Short CyclingXX XXXX
Low Pressure Bypass Time DelayXX
Over Current
XX XXXX
Incorrect Phase Rotaon
XX XXXX
"Smart" CCH
XX XXXX
Compressor Overheang
XX XXXX
Remote Alarming
code as shown in T able 6a. See Figure 5 for a detailed
view of the diagnostics board assembly.
The Main Board Connector terminal will accept the cable
connecting the display board to the main control board.
Family X-Line
J = R404A
A = Air-Cooled
M = Medium Temp
L = Low temp
Z = Scroll
X J A M - 0 2 0 Z - T F C - 0 0 2
1.5 to 6.0 = Nominal Hp
BOM
HoodXX XXXX
The Reset Button will reset the diagnostic display board
only. The Message Recall Button will display the last
error signal received by the display board. See Figure 5.
CFV = 208/230V-1ph-60Hz
TFC = 208/230V-3ph-60Hz
0 = UL Listed
Product
Model Variation
0 Base Unit
1 Communication/
Defrost Module
2 Low Ambient /
On Board Defrost Relays
*Estimated sound pressure values are 10 feet from the unit at 25F evap for MT and -10 evap for LT at 90 ambient.
A sound reduction of up to 3 dBA will occur in ambient temperatures below 70F. This data is typical of “free fi eld”
conditions for horizontal air cooled condensing units and may vary depending on the condensing unit installation.
There are many factors that affect the sound reading of a condensing unit such as unit mounting, refl ecting walls,
background noise and operating condition.