TS1 Series
Temperature Controls
Alco Controls
D A T A S H E E T
TS1__35038_EN_R05.doc 1 / 8 10.08.2011
Adjustable temperature controls for refrigeration applications.
Features
• Housing variants for top and front operation
• Flush mounted version
• Adjustable temperatures and differentials
• Range and differential pointer in units °C and °F
• Range and differential individually lockable by wire seal
• High rated SPDT contacts for all versions
• Captive terminal and cover screws
• Manual toggle for system checkout and override
• Vapour and x-ambient charges
• Sensor shapes for various applications
• Bellows heater for thermostats with vapour charge (not for
frost monitors)
• Room thermostats with insulation console
• Versions with and without manual override
Options
• Gold plated contacts for electronic applications
(PLC, low voltage/current)
• Factory set to customer specification
• Different types of mounting brackets
• Sensor bulb wells and capillary tube holders
• Special approvals
Introduction
The TS1 Series is ALCO’s range of adjustable thermostats for
application in refrigeration and heat pump systems.
In these systems, thermostats serve control and monitoring
functions, such as space temperature control, high/low
temperature alarming or defrost termination. By operating a set
of electrical contacts, a temperature value is kept inside a
certain limit.
Several housing variants and sensors are provided in order to
suit a control to a specific application.
Housing variants
TS1 controls can be delivered in three main housing variants,
top operated, front operated and flush mounted.
Top operated controls have adjustment spindles at the top and
a display scale, indicating temperature setpoint and differential,
at the front. A knob which may be permanently plugged onto
one of the adjustment spindles comes with every control. Frost
monitors and room thermostats are derivatives of top operated
thermostats. They differ by their sensors and other features to
suit their particular target applications.
Front operated controls have an adjustment knob at the front for
the temperature setpoint with an approximate scale imprinted
on
the knob. In order to adjust the temperature differential, the
cover of the control must be removed.
Flush mounted controls are designed in a way that they can be
integrated into a panel or housing, for example into display
cases.
All of these three variants are available either with or without
off-switch, which cuts off power supply to the thermostat in off
position
Temperature sensing
TS1 thermostats sense temperature by means of a thermal
system, consisting of temperature charge, bulb, capillary and
bellows. The temperature charge changes its pressure based
on the refrigerant temperature to be sensed. The sensor is the
portion of the system which is in thermal contact with the
refrigerant, the capillary connects the sensor with the bellows
and the bellows contracts or expands depending on the
temperature, causing the thermostat to operate the electrical
contacts. An exception are capillary type of sensors, which do
not have a bulb, instead, their capillary serves as the bulb
directly.
TS1 Flush Mounted
TS1 FrontOperated
TS1 Top Operated
TS1 Series
Temperature Controls
Alco Controls
D A T A S H E E T
TS1__35038_EN_R05.doc 2 / 8 10.08.2011
Charges and sensor types are matched to temperature ranges
and other application specific characteristics. TS1 thermostats
come with two charge types: vapour and adsorption charges.
The application temperature range covered by each charge
type is shown below:
Vapour charge – Sensor type A, E, P
These sensing elements always sense from the coldest point on
the capillary, coil, bulb or power element head. For proper
operation it must be ensured that this coldest point is at the
sensor portion which is exposed to the medium tempereature to
be sensed. The sensing location should be at least 2K colder
than the other parts of the thermal system.
In order to avoid unwanted effects of heat transfer, e.g. from a
cold wall, ALCO vapour charged thermostats come with an
integrated bellows heater (not for frost monitors), which is rated
for 230V applications. For other applications the heater must be
disabled, alternatively, a bellows heater with a different rating
may be available.
In addition to the bellows heater, room thermostats are supplied
with an insulation console for the same reason.
Sensor type ‘A’ is a coiled bulb sensor with two meter capillary,
which may be used with or without a bulb well. Style ‘E’ is a coil
sensor for space temperature sensing, and type ‘P’ is a capillary
type of sensor which can be wrapped around a heat heat
exchanger’s surface in order to sense the coldest point on the
heat exchanger for frost protection applications.
Vapour charges respond faster to temperature changes than
adsorption and liquid charges.
Adsorption charge – sensor type F
Adsorption charged sensor types operate on the basis of a
temperature dependent adsorption material, which is located
inside the bulb only. Therefore these sensor types always
respond to temperature changes at the bulb only. This makes
them suitable to applications where it is not always defined
which part of the thermal system the coldest point is (cross
ambient applications). An example for such applications is
defrost control.
Adsorption charges are slower in response to temperature
changes than vapour charges.
Setpoints
TS1 are adjustable controls with adjustment spindles for range
and differential*. By turning the range spindle, the upper
setpoint is defined and by adjusting the differential spindle, the
differential and hence the lower setpoint is defined.
The dependency between upper and lower setpoint is always
as follows:
lower setpoint = upper setpoint – differential
The following two rules should be kept in mind:
• an adjustment of the range spindle always affects both,
upper and
lower setpoint.
• an adjustment of the differential spindle affects the lower
setpoint, only.
The following diagrammes depict this dependency:
Effect of turning range spindle
Effect of turning differential spindle
The controls are equipped with display scale and pointers to
indicate the approximate settings. Top operated controls have
display scales in units °C and °F, front operated controls have a
display scale in units °C.
For precise setting of the controls, external thermometers must
be used.
*) Manual reset controls and some other controls have a fixed
differential and no differential spindle
= constant
= variable
-100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Adsorption Charge
Vapour Charge
TS1 Series
Temperature Controls
Alco Controls
D A T A S H E E T
TS1__35038_EN_R05.doc 3 / 8 10.08.2011
Electrical contacts
TS1 temperature controls are equipped with high rated double
snap action contacts for shatter-free and reliable operation.
All contacts throughout this range of controls are designed as
Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) contacts. One contact may
be used for control and the other contact for alarm/status
indication or auxilliary control.
Gold plated contacts are available on request for low electrical
loads, for example in electronic signalling applications.
For applications using a supply voltage other than 230V and for
applications using gold plated contacts, the bellows heater of
vapour charged thermostats (sensor style A, E or P – not for
frost monitors function C or D) must be disabled.
Contact function
Thermostat contacts TS1 are labelled 1-2-4 where ‘1’ refers to
the common pole, ‘2’ refers to the lower setpoint and ‘4’ refers
to the upper setpoint.
The contact function for automatic and manual reset versions is
as described below.
Automatic reset
On temperature rise above the upper setpoint, contacts 1-2
open and contacts 1-4 close. On decreasing temperature lower
setpoint contacts 1-4 open and contacts 1-2 close.
Automatic reset contact function
Manual reset low temperature
On decreasing temperature below the lower setpoint, contacts
1-4 open, contacts 1-2 close and latch. Only on pressure rise
above upper setpoint and after pressing the manual reset
button contacts 1-2 will open and contacts 1-4 will close again.
Manual reset low pressure contact function
Manual reset high temperature
On increasing temperature above the upper setpoint, contacts
1-2 open, contacts 1-4 close and latch. Only on falling
temperature below lower setpoint and
after pressing the manual
reset button, contacts 1-4 will open and contacts 1-2 will close
again.
Manual reset high temperature contact function
For operational safety, all TS1 with manual reset are designed
as trip-free controls, i.e. pressing the manual reset button while
the temperature has not reached its reset treshold will not
operate the electrical contacts.
Off-switch
TS1-B/F/H with an off-switch (TS1-B/F/H) cut off the line to
terminal 1 when in Position “STOP”.
Off-switch interrupting line to terminal 1
Bellows heater
TS1 with vapour charges, ie. sensor types A, E, P (not frost
monitors function C or D) have a bellows heater wired across
the contacts in the following way.
Bellows heater
Installation and maintenance
Controls come with an adjustment knob and a lockplate which
may be used to protect the settings by wire-seal if desired.
Range and differential spindle may be sealed independent from
each other.
A front access manual toggle is provided for checking out
control operation. All TS1 controls come with heavy duty
terminal blocks which are finger-proof and feature wire clamps
plus non-loosable terminal screws for ease of wiring.
Available accessories include mounting brackets of various
types, sensor bulb wells and capillary tube holders.
The standard mounting holes for mounting brackets are
equipped with a universal thread to fit both, M4 and UNC 8-32
screws. The standard wholesale package includes two
mounting screws.
In addition, further hole patterns for surface mounting are
provided.
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