Electronics International FP-5L Operating Instructions

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Page 1

Primary Fuel Flow/PressurePrimary Fuel Flow/Pressure

Primary Fuel Flow/Pressure

Primary Fuel Flow/PressurePrimary Fuel Flow/Pressure

(FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy)(FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy)

(FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy)

(FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy)(FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy)

Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions

Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions

OI 0505931P

You must read this manual before installing or operating the instrument. This manual contains warranty and other information that may affect your decision

to install this product and/or the safety of your aircraft.

2/17/05

Electronics International Inc.Electronics International Inc.

Electronics International Inc.

Electronics International Inc.Electronics International Inc.

63296 Powell Butte Hwy • Bend, OR 97701 • (541) 318-6060 • www.Buy-EI.com

®®

Page 2

Primary FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy

Important NoticeImportant Notice

Important Notice

Important NoticeImportant Notice

********** Must Read ******************** Must Read **********

********** Must Read **********

********** Must Read ******************** Must Read **********

If you think it is not important to read this manual, you're wrong!If you think it is not important to read this manual, you're wrong!

If you think it is not important to read this manual, you're wrong!

If you think it is not important to read this manual, you're wrong!If you think it is not important to read this manual, you're wrong!

contains important information that may affect the safety of your aircraft.contains important information that may affect the safety of your aircraft.

contains important information that may affect the safety of your aircraft.

contains important information that may affect the safety of your aircraft.contains important information that may affect the safety of your aircraft.

Read the Warranty / AgreementRead the Warranty / Agreement

Read the Warranty / Agreement. There is information in the Warranty / Agreement that may alter

Read the Warranty / AgreementRead the Warranty / Agreement your decision to install this product. install this productinstall this product

install this product. This product may be returned for a refund. Contact Electronics International inc. for

install this productinstall this product details.

The fuel remaining displayed by the FP-5 is not a measurement of the fuel in the tanks. It is an amount calculated from the starting fuel level you programmed into the FP-5, minus the fuel used while the engine was running. When properly calibrated, the FP-5 can accurately measure the fuel used. It is im-

perative the pilot verify the calibration of the FP-5 over many tanks of fuel before using the "REM" and/or "USED" Modes as an indication of the fuel in the tanks or fuel used. Even after verifying the calibration of the FP-5 it should never be used as the primary indicator of fuel quantity in the tanks. It is important the pilot visually check/measure the fuel quantity for each tank before takeoff and cross-check these readings against the Fuel Level Gauges and the FP-5. The FP-5 reminds you to do

this by blinking the “REM” LED and displaying the current fuel remaining in the tanks each time the aircraft power is turned on. Also, it is important the pilot use preflight and flight planning techniques,

in accordance with the FAR's, which will help insure the proper amount of fuel for the intended flight is on board the aircraft before takeoff.

While in flight the FP-5 readings should only be used to crosscheck fuel level gauges, calculations of the fuel onboard from flow rates specified in the specification for your aircraft and calculations of the fuel onboard from flow rates that you measured from previous flights. The use of the FP-5 does not eliminate or reduce the necessity for the pilot to use good flight planning, preflight and in-flight techniques for managing fuel. If you are not familiar with these techniques, contact the FAA to acquire proper training.

If you do not accept the terms of the Warranty / Agreement, do notIf you do not accept the terms of the Warranty / Agreement, do not

If you do not accept the terms of the Warranty / Agreement, do not

If you do not accept the terms of the Warranty / Agreement, do notIf you do not accept the terms of the Warranty / Agreement, do not

This manual This manual

This manual

This manual This manual

Before leaning your engine you must verify your horsepower is correct with engine operation charts from the engine and/or aircraft manufacturer to insure you do not cause detonation and engine damage.

It is possible for any instrument to fail thereby displaying inaccurate high, low or jumpy readings. Therefore, you must be able to recognize an instrument failure and you must be proficient in operating your aircraft safely in spite of an instrument failure. If you do not have this knowledge, contact the FAA or a local flight instructor for training. Also, the ability for this product to detect a problem is directly related to the pilots ability to program proper limits and the pilots interpretation and observation skills.

The pilot to operate the aircraft that does not know the operation of this product. in the aircraft at all times.in the aircraft at all times.

in the aircraft at all times.

in the aircraft at all times.in the aircraft at all times.

must must

must understand the operation of this product before flying the aircraft. Do not allow anyone

must must

A copy of this manual must be keptA copy of this manual must be kept

A copy of this manual must be kept

A copy of this manual must be keptA copy of this manual must be kept

Page 3

Contents

arranty ...................................................................................arranty ...................................................................................

arranty ...................................................................................

arranty ...................................................................................arranty ...................................................................................

System Description: ................................................................System Description: ................................................................

System Description: ................................................................

System Description: ................................................................System Description: ................................................................

DisplayDisplay

Display

DisplayDisplay

1. Digital LCD Display and LED Display Mode Indicators: ---------------------------------- 4

2. Low Fuel Warning LED: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4

3. H/L PRESS Warning LED: ------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

4. Power-Up: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

Display Modes and Operating Features: .......................Display Modes and Operating Features: .......................

Display Modes and Operating Features: .......................

Display Modes and Operating Features: .......................Display Modes and Operating Features: .......................

1. “FLOW / HP” Display Mode: ---------------------------------------------------------------- 6

2. “REM” (Remaining) Display Mode: -------------------------------------------------------- 7

3. Auto Calibrate Mode: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

4. Add Fuel: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

5. “USED” Display Mode: ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

6. “T. to E. / MPG" (Time to Empty / Miles per Gallon) Display Mode: ---------------- 11

7. “PRESS” (Fuel Pressure) Display Mode: -------------------------------------------------- 11

8. “F. to D. (Fuel to Destination) Display Mode (FP-5L only): --------------------------- 12

9. “F. Reserve (Fuel Reserve) Display Mode (FP-5L only): ------------------------------- 12

, W, W

arning LEDs, and Alarms: ......................................arning LEDs, and Alarms: ......................................

, W

arning LEDs, and Alarms: ......................................

, W, W

arning LEDs, and Alarms: ......................................arning LEDs, and Alarms: ......................................

Pilot-Programmable Settings: ........................................ 12Pilot-Programmable Settings: ........................................ 12

Pilot-Programmable Settings: ........................................ 12

Pilot-Programmable Settings: ........................................ 12Pilot-Programmable Settings: ........................................ 12

1. Setting the display for "Gal," "br Gal," "Lbs" or "Ltr" in the Flow Display Mode: ----- 13 Add Fuel and Auto Calibrate the K Factor: --------------------------------------------------- 13

3. Setting the Two

4. Setting the Time to Empty Alarm and the Reoccurring Fuel Used Alarm in the

"T. to E." Display Mode: ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 15

Power-Up Programmable Settings: ................................ 16Power-Up Programmable Settings: ................................ 16

Power-Up Programmable Settings: ................................ 16

Power-Up Programmable Settings: ................................ 16Power-Up Programmable Settings: ................................ 16

1&2. 1st and 2nd Full Fuel Levels: ------------------------------------------------------------- 16

3. K Factor: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

4. Filter: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

5. Display Update Time: --------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

6. Fuel Flow at 75% Power (rich mixture) Setting: -------------------------------------- 18

9. GPS Receive Format (FP-5L only): ------------------------------------------------------ 18

10. GPS Transmit Format (FP-5L only): --------------------------------------------------- 19

11. Scan Rate: ------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 19

Specifications and Operating Features ......................... 20Specifications and Operating Features ......................... 20

Specifications and Operating Features ......................... 20

Specifications and Operating Features ......................... 20Specifications and Operating Features ......................... 20

Low Fuel Alarms in the "Used" Display Mode: --------------------------- 13

Page 4

arranty / Agreementarranty / Agreement

arranty / Agreement

arranty / Agreementarranty / Agreement

Electronics International Inc. (E.I. inc.) warrants this instrument and system components to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the user invoice date. and Pressure Transducers are NOT covered under this warrantyand Pressure Transducers are NOT covered under this warranty

and Pressure Transducers are NOT covered under this warranty. They are covered by the original

and Pressure Transducers are NOT covered under this warrantyand Pressure Transducers are NOT covered under this warranty equipment manufacturer. Electronics International Inc. will repair or replace any item, at its sole discretion, covered under the terms of this Warranty provided the item is returned to the factory prepaid.

1. This Warranty shall not apply to any product that has been repaired or altered by any person other than Electronics International Inc., or that has been subjected to misuse, accident, incorrect wiring, negligence, improper or unprofessional assembly or improper installation by any person. does not cover any reimbursement for any person’s time for installation, removal, assembly or repair.does not cover any reimbursement for any person’s time for installation, removal, assembly or repair.

does not cover any reimbursement for any person’s time for installation, removal, assembly or repair.

does not cover any reimbursement for any person’s time for installation, removal, assembly or repair.does not cover any reimbursement for any person’s time for installation, removal, assembly or repair. Electronics International retains the right to determine the reason or cause for warranty repair.

2. This Warranty does not extend to any machine, vehicle, boat, aircraft or any other device to which the Electronics International Inc. product may be connected, attached, interconnected or used in conjunction with in any way.

3. The obligation assumed by Electronics International Inc. under this Warranty is limited to repair, replacement or refund of the product, at the sole discretion of Electronics International Inc.

Fuel FlowFuel Flow

Fuel Flow

Fuel FlowFuel Flow

This warrantyThis warranty

This warranty

This warrantyThis warranty

4. Electronics International Inc. is not liable for expenses incurred by the customer or installer due to factory updates, modifications, improvements, upgrades, changes, or any other alterations to the product that may affect the form, fit, function or operation of the product.

5. Personal injury or property damage due to misinterpretation or lack of understanding of this product is solely the pilot's responsibility. The pilot not allow anyone to operate the aircraft that does not know the operation of this product. Keep the Operating Manual in the aircraft at all times.

6. E. I. Inc. is not responsible for shipping charges or damages incurred under this Warranty.

7. No representative is authorized to assume any other liability for Electronics International Inc. in connection with the sale of Electronics International Inc. products.

If you do not agree to and accept the terms of this Warranty, you may return the product for aIf you do not agree to and accept the terms of this Warranty, you may return the product for a

If you do not agree to and accept the terms of this Warranty, you may return the product for a

If you do not agree to and accept the terms of this Warranty, you may return the product for aIf you do not agree to and accept the terms of this Warranty, you may return the product for a

refund.refund.

refund.

refund.refund.

This Warranty is made only to the original user. WARRANTIES OR OBLIGATIONS: EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. MANUFACTURER EXPRESSLYWARRANTIES OR OBLIGATIONS: EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. MANUFACTURER EXPRESSLY

WARRANTIES OR OBLIGATIONS: EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. MANUFACTURER EXPRESSLY

WARRANTIES OR OBLIGATIONS: EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. MANUFACTURER EXPRESSLYWARRANTIES OR OBLIGATIONS: EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. MANUFACTURER EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ADISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A

DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A

DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ADISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. PURCHASER AGREES THAT IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFAC-PARTICULAR PURPOSE. PURCHASER AGREES THAT IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFAC-

PARTICULAR PURPOSE. PURCHASER AGREES THAT IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFAC-

PARTICULAR PURPOSE. PURCHASER AGREES THAT IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFAC-PARTICULAR PURPOSE. PURCHASER AGREES THAT IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFACTURER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, IN-TURER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, IN-

TURER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, IN-

TURER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, IN-TURER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF USE OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS. EXCEPT ASCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF USE OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS. EXCEPT AS

CLUDING LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF USE OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS. EXCEPT AS

CLUDING LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF USE OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS. EXCEPT ASCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF USE OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, MANUFACTURER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER LIABILITYEXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, MANUFACTURER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER LIABILITY

EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, MANUFACTURER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER LIABILITY

EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, MANUFACTURER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER LIABILITYEXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, MANUFACTURER DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER LIABILITY TO PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFOR-TO PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFOR-

TO PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFOR-

TO PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFOR-TO PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURER’S PRODUCTS, INCLUDING SPECIFICALLY LIABILITY INMANCE OF MANUFACTURER’S PRODUCTS, INCLUDING SPECIFICALLY LIABILITY IN

MANCE OF MANUFACTURER’S PRODUCTS, INCLUDING SPECIFICALLY LIABILITY IN

MANCE OF MANUFACTURER’S PRODUCTS, INCLUDING SPECIFICALLY LIABILITY INMANCE OF MANUFACTURER’S PRODUCTS, INCLUDING SPECIFICALLY LIABILITY IN TORT.TORT.

TORT.

TORT.TORT.

must must

must understand the operation of this product before flying the aircraft. Do

must must

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERTHIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER

THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERTHIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER

Page 5

Primary FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy

Operating Instructions

System Description:System Description:

System Description:

System Description:System Description:

The Primary FP-5-LxxHyy and Primary FP-5L-LxxHyy are models of a fuel flow computer instrument packaged in a 2.5" by 2.5" by 3.65" depth case. Each of the instruments connects to a fuel flow transducer and a fuel pressure transducer which are mounted in the engine cowling area.

The fuel flow transducer is mounted in the fuel line going to the carburetor (or flow divider on an injected engine). If the rotor in the flow transducer becomes blocked, it will not reduce the flow of fuel to the engine. The FP-5(L) instrument connects to the transducers via a wire harness. The instrument and transducers employ connectors so they may be removed safely and quickly from the aircraft.

The FP-5 and FP-5L each have seven display modes: Fuel Flow, Horsepower, Fuel Remaining, Fuel Used Since Fill Up, Fuel Used for the Flight, Time to Empty, and Fuel Pressure. The FP-5L has all the features of the FP-5, with four additional display modes: Nautical Miles per Gal, Statute Miles per Gal, Fuel to Destination and Fuel Reserve.

Low Fuel Warning LED

High/Low Fuel Pressure Warning LED

Gal/Hr

LCD Display

12.3

Display Mode Indicator LEDs

Left Program Button

(Fuel to Destination on the FP-5L)

In addition to these seven display modes both units have the following pilot programmable settings (used to set up the display and alarms): Display in Gallons, British (Imperial) Gallons, Pounds or Liters; Fuel Remaining; Auto Calibrate the K Factor; two Low Fuel Alarms; Time to Empty Alarm; Reoccurring Fuel Used Alarm. Also, both units have Power-Up Programmable Settings that are used to configure the instrument for your personal preferences, aircraft and engine. Although the FP-5 and FP-5L are simple to operate, the pilot programmable settings make them very effective and sophisticated fuel management systems.

Right Program Button

(Fuel Reserve on the FP-5L)

Step Switch (selects modes)

Note: After the FP-5(L) has been installed in an aircraft it should be programmed initially as described in the "Power-Up Programming" section of this Manual.

Page 6

Displays , WDisplays , W

Displays , W

Displays , WDisplays , W

1. Digital LCD Display and LED Display Mode Indicators:

If the digital LCD display backlight has been permanently powered up (as recommended), the display will be easier to see during low ambient light conditions and at night. In direct sunlight the digital LCD display is easy to see.

During night operation the green LED Display Mode Indicators may be too bright. If the LED Dimming Line on the FP-5(L) is connected to your panel light rheostat, turning the rheostat up will dim the LEDs. If the LED Dimming Line is connected to E.I.'s CP-1 (LED Intensity Control Pot), the Pot will control the LED intensity, independent of other instrument lights. The two red Warning LEDs will always be displayed at full intensity.

2. Low Fuel Warning LED:

There are four pilot-programmable alarms that will blink the red Low Fuel Warning LED when violated. The following describes how each alarm affects the Low Fuel Warning LED:

A. First Low Fuel Alarm: This alarm should be set as a reminder (example: 1/3 tank level). When the

Alarm Limit is violated the red Low Fuel Warning LED will start to blink. Pushing any button or switch will stop the blinking and turn off the Warning LED. Also, a bar in the upper left corner of the display will be shown when displaying “REM”.

arning LEDs and Alarms:arning LEDs and Alarms:

arning LEDs and Alarms:

arning LEDs and Alarms:arning LEDs and Alarms:

B. Second Low Fuel Alarm: This alarm should be set as a warning (example: 5 gallons). When the

Alarm Limit is violated the red Low Fuel Warning LED will start to blink. Pushing any button or switch will stop the blinking and the LED will go solid red. Also, a bar in the lower left corner of the display will be shown when displaying “REM”.

C. Time to Empty Alarm: This alarm may be set for a time to empty value (example: 1 hour). When

Note: In this example, the First Low Fuel Limit was set to 12.0

Low Fuel Warning LED (blinking)

Upper Bar Showing

Gal

Gallons. The blinking Low Fuel Warning LED indicates that the limit was violated.

11.9

Mode: "REM."

the fuel flow and fuel remaining results in less than one hour of fuel on board (as per example) the Alarm Limit is violated and the red Low Fuel Warning LED will start to blink. Pushing any button or switch will stop the blinking and turn off the Warning LED. Also, a bar in the upper left corner of the display will be shown when displaying "T.toE."

Page 7

D. Reoccurring Fuel Used Alarm: This alarm may be set for a fuel used value (example: 10 Gal). If

the alarm was activated with 40 gallons of fuel remaining, there will be an alarm at 30, 20 and 10 gallons of fuel remaining in the tank. This feature reminds you to switch tanks for balancing the wings (based on weight, not time) or it may be used to remind you to check your fuel levels at set intervals. When the Alarm Limit is violated the red Low Fuel Warning LED will start to blink. Pushing any button or switch will stop the blinking and turn off the Warning LED.

Note: See the "Pilot Programmable Modes" section of this manual to set the alarms.

3. H/L Pressure Warning LED:

The factory set High and Low Alarm Limits will blink the red "H/L PRESS" Warning LED when violated. The limits were set when the instrument was shipped from the factory. The limits were set according to the customer supplied high and low limits from their POH or AFM. Pushing any button or switch will cause the LED to stop blinking and become solid red. If the High Limit is violated, a bar in the upper left corner of the display will be shown when displaying “PRESS" If the Low Limit is violated, a bar in the lower left corner of the display will be shown when displaying “PRESS”.

4. Power-Up:

When the aircraft master switch is turned on, the FP-5(L) will perform a self-diagnostics test and flash the red warning LEDs. This allows you to check the Warning LEDs for proper operation.

After power-up, the FP-5(L) will blink the "REM" (Fuel Remaining) LED, and display the fuel remaining in the tank(s). The “REM” LED will continue to blink until any button or switch is pushed. The blinking “REM” LED is intended as a reminder to update the FP-5(L) if you’ve added fuel to the aircraft since your last flight (see “REM” Display Mode).

Display Modes and Operating Features:Display Modes and Operating Features:

Display Modes and Operating Features:

Display Modes and Operating Features:Display Modes and Operating Features:

The following chart is an overview of the Display Modes and Pilot Programmable Settings available.

Main Display

(select with

"STEP" Switch)

Alternate Display

(tap either " P RG"

button)

Pilot

Programmable

Settings

(push both "PRG"

buttons)

Di splay Mode

FLOW

HP REM USED

Fuel Flow

(17.3 gal/Hr)

Horsepower

(HP75)

Set FP-5(L) to Display in Gal, Br Gal, Lbs or Lt rs .

Fuel Remaining

(23.7 gal)

Add Fuel

("Add")

Auto Calibrate

the K Factor

("AUTO")

(indicated by a green LED)

T. t o E .

MPG PRESS

Fuel Used

since Fill Up

(16.3 gal)

Fuel Used for

the F light

(F 7.2 gal)

Set the First

Low F ue l

Alarm

(High Ba r )

Set the

Second Low

Fuel Alarm

(Low Bar)

Time t o E m pt y

(1:22)

(FP-5L only)

Nautical Miles

per Gallon

(n 9.3)

(FP-5L only)

Statute Miles

per Gallon

( 10.7)

Set the Time to

Empty Alarm

(High Bar)

Set the

Reoccurring Fuel

Used Alarm

(Low Bar)

Fuel

Pressure

Page 8

1. “FLOW / HP” Display Modes:

By pushing the mode select switch to the right or left, you can select the various display modes. When in the "Flow / HP" mode, tapping either "PRG" button will cause the display to toggle between displaying Fuel Flow and percentage of Horsepower. When displaying Horsepower, "HP" will be shown at the left of the display.

Flow Displayed

Flow / HP Mode

Tap either Prg Button to toggle between the two displays.

12.3

Gal/Hr

HP75

75% Horsepower Displayed.

Flow / HP Mode

Tap either Prg Button to toggle between the two displays.

When displaying Fuel Flow, the FP-5(L) will operate as follows:

A. When set to display in Gallons the display will read in .1 Gal/Hr increments up to 199.9 Gal/Hr.

B. When set to display in Imperial Gallons the display will read in .1 Gal/Hr increments up to 162.0 Gal/

Hr.

C. When set to display in Pounds the display will read in 1 Lb/Hr increments up to 1199 Lbs/Hr.

D. When set to display in Liters the display will read in 1 Ltr/Hr increments up to 749 Ltrs/Hr.

Special algorithms in the microprocessor are used to insure a quick response and a stable display. Also, there are two programmable filter settings that will affect the stability and response of the fuel flow readings (see the “Power-up Programmable Settings” section of this manual).

The accuracy of the displayed fuel flow is affected by the value of the K Factor. The K Factor sets the calibration of the instrument to match the flow transducer and the variations in the installation. The K Factor may be changed by entering the "Power-up Programming Mode" or it can be changed automatically by entering the "Auto Calibration Mode."

When displaying % Horsepower, the FP-5(L) will operate as follows:

A. Horsepower is calculated from fuel specifics (as is done

on engine dyno's) which takes into account manifold pressure, RPM, altitude and OAT. Almost all spark ignition combustion engines have a fuel specific of approximately .10 gallons per H.P. per hour at full rich mixture. The "Power-Up Programming Mode" allows you to calibrate the FP-5(L) to match your engine at a full rich mixture.

B. As you lean for max power (100° to 150°F rich of peak EGT) you may see a 5% to 8% drop in the

What is a K Factor:

Each flow transducer outputs a different number of electical pulses for each gallon of fuel that flows through it. This value is called the K Factor. The FT-60 has a K Factor of approximately 68,000 pulses per gallon. The installation and the type of engine (carbureted or injected) can affect the K Factor.

Page 9

displayed horsepower when you should see an approximately 3% increase in horsepower. Therefore, only display "HP" when your engine is running at full rich mixture settings.

C. The FP-5(L) was designed to display in % Horsepower (1% resolution). It is possible to calibrate the

FP-5(L) to display in raw horsepower. See the "Power-Up Programming Mode."

Warning: You should never lean your engine with power settings over the factory recommended

level (generally 65% to 75% power). Leaning with high power settings can cause detonation. Always verify

your power level with engine charts before leaning. As you lean past maximum horsepower (100°F to 150°F rich of peak EGT) your engine will lose power and the FP-5(L) will show this.

2. “REM” (Remaining) Display Mode:

In the “REM” (Fuel Remaining) Display Mode, the FP-5(L) will display the fuel in the aircraft tanks as follows:

A. When set to display in Gallons the display will read in .1 Gal

increments up to 99.9 Gals. and 1 Gal increments from 100 to 999 Gals.

B. When set to display in Imperial Gallons the display will read in

.1 Gal increments up to 99.9 Gals. and 1 Gal increments from 100 to 811 Gals.

25.3

Gal

C. When set to display in Pounds the display will read in 1 Lb

increments up to 1999 Lbs.

D. When set to display in Liters the display will read in 1 Ltr increments up to 1999 Ltrs.

If the First Low Fuel Limit has been violated, a bar in the upper left corner of the display will be shown when this mode is selected. If the Second Low Fuel Limit has been violated, a bar in the lower left corner of the display will be shown when this mode is selected. See the "Pilot Programmable Settings" section of this manual to set the two Low Fuel Limits.

Warning: The fuel remaining displayed by the FP-5(L) is not a measurement of the fuel in the tanks.

It is an amount calculated from the starting fuel level you programmed into the FP-5, minus the fuel used while the engine was running. When properly calibrated, the FP-5(L) can accurately measure the fuel used. It is impera-

tive the pilot verify the calibration of the FP-5(L) over many tanks of fuel before using the "REM" and/ or "USED" Modes as an indication of the fuel in the tanks or fuel used. Even after verifying the calibration of the FP-5(L) it should never be used as the primary indicator of fuel quantity in the tanks. It is important the pilot visually check/measure the fuel quantity for each tank before takeoff and crosscheck these readings against the fuel level gauges and the FP-5. The FP-5(L) reminds you to do this by

blinking the “REM” LED and displaying the current fuel remaining in the tanks each time the aircraft power is turned on. Also, it is important the pilot use preflight and flight planning techniques, in accordance with

the FARs, which will help insure the proper amount of fuel is on board the aircraft before takeoff.

Page 10

While in flight the FP-5(L) readings should only be used to cross-check the fuel level gauges, calculations of the fuel on board from flow rates specified in the specification for your aircraft and calculations of the fuel on board from flow rates that you measured from previous flights. The use of the FP-5(L) does not eliminate or reduce the necessity for the pilot to use good flight planning, preflight and inflight techniques for managing fuel. If you are not familiar with these techniques, contact the FAA to acquire proper training.

3. Auto Calibrate Mode:

If you find the FP-5(L) is not displaying the Fuel Remaining in the tank(s) or Fuel Used Since Fill Up accurately, you can enter the "Auto Calibrate Mode" and have the FP-5(L) automatically calibrate the K Factor. This should be done when you have used more than 1/2 tank of fuel and you have just filled the tank(s) with fuel.

Example:

* You start your flight with full tank(s) and go fly.

* You land and pull up to the pumps, taking on 30.0 gallons of fuel.

* The FP-5(L) indicates you used 26.9 gallons since fill up, indicating a 3.1 gallon error.

* You enter the "Auto Calibrate Mode" (as described below) and change the display from 26.9 to 30.0

(pump reading).

* When you exit the "Auto Calibrate Mode" the New K Factor is displayed for 3 seconds.

Note: If you want the FP-5(L) to automatically calibrate the K Factor, you must enter the "Auto Calibrate Mode" before entering the "Add Fuel Mode." When you exit the "Add Fuel Mode" the "Fuel Used Since Fill Up" will be cleared and the FP-5(L) will not be able to calculate the new K Factor.

Note: When calibrating the K Factor it is important to fill the tank(s) to same level each time (which is not always easy). Some variables are: 1. How level the wings are during refueling. 2. The affects of any crossover tubes. 3. The ability of the line attendant to fill the tank to the same mark. 4. The shape of the tank and the dihedral of the wings.

Normally you will only need to calibrate the K Factor during the first three or four tanks of fuel after the initial installation. The FP-5(L) uses a progressive algorithm to calibrate the K Factor and to keep the instrument from hunting for the correct K Factor. To enter the "Auto Calibrate Mode", perform the following steps:

A. Select the “REM” display mode.

B. Momentarily push both "PRG" buttons at the

same time. The display will blink “Add."

Blinking Display

AUto

C. While pushing and holding the left "PRG"

button, push the "STEP" Switch right or left to display "Auto."

Step Switch Toggles

SS the display between "Add" and "Auto."

Page 11

D. Tap either one of the “PRG” buttons and the FP-5(L) will display the "Fuel Used Since Fill Up"

according to its current calibration. The blinking left digit indicates that you may program this digit.

E. Program the display to show the fuel you actually used as indicated by

the fuel pump as follows:

Select a Digit - The Right and Left “PRG” buttons move the blinking

digit to the right or to the left.

b) Advance a Digits Count - Moving the "STEP Switch" to the right will increase the blinking digits

count by one and moving the "STEP Switch" to the left will decrease the blinking digits count by one. After the blinking digit reaches 9 it will reset to 0.

c) To Exit - To exit the "Auto Calibration Mode", momentarily push both “PRG” buttons at the

same time. The new K Factor will be displayed for 3 seconds and the display will return to blinking "Add." Most of the time you will want to enter the "Add Fuel Mode" after you have performed an auto calibration (see "Add Fuel").

Note: After exiting the "Auto Calibrate Mode", the "Fuel Used Since Fill Up", "Fuel Used for the Flight" and the "Fuel Remaining" values will be reset to 0.

4. Add Fuel:

If you have added fuel to the aircraft but have not filled the tanks, set the FP-5(L) "REM" value for the fuel remaining shown on the FP-5, plus the fuel added to the tank(s) as shown on the fuel pump. If you have filled the tank(s), set the FP-5(L) "REM" value for the total fuel in the tanks. There are two pre-programmed full fuel levels you may recall automatically. It is important to verify the fuel levels in the tanks before takeoff.

Blinking Digit

Gal

26.9

To change the Fuel Remaining shown on the FP-5(L), perform the following steps:

A. Select the “REM” display mode (this

mode is displayed during power-up).

B. Momentarily push both "PRG" buttons at

the same time. The display will blink "Add."

C. Push either one of the “PRG” buttons.

The display will show the current fuel remaining. The blinking left digit indicates that you may program this digit first.

D. Set the Fuel Remaining Level using the following procedure (if you have topped off the tank, see step

"c)" below):

a) Select a Digit - The Right and Left “PRG” buttons move the blinking digit to the right or to the

left.

b) Increase or Decrease a Digits Count - Moving the "STEP Switch" to the right will increase the

blinking digits count and moving it to the left will decrease the blinking digits count.

Blinking Digit (0)

"Prg." buttons select the blinking digit.

Step Switch increases or decreases the value of the blinking digit.

026

Gal

Page 12

c) Call up a pre-programmed Fuel Level - If you push and hold the left "PRG" button, the display

will cycle between the two pre-programmed fuel levels (set during Power-Up Programming) and the current fuel level every two seconds.

Exit - To exit the "Add Fuel Mode", momentarily push both “PRG” buttons at the same time. The programmed value will be stored in memory and no internal batteries or external power are required to store this information for life.

Fuel Remaining is one of the most important calculations the FP-5(L) can provide. The differences between the flow transducers, elbows, fittings, pipe sizes, hoses and routing methods used during installation for any fuel flow instrument can cause the flow transducer to output different electrical pulses per gallon (called K Factor) than when it was tested at the factory. To insure accuracy, which is essential, the FP-5(L) provides a pilotprogrammable K Factor to correct for these differences. Initially, the FP-5(L)'s K Factor is set to a value which is marked on a tag supplied with the flow transducer. At each fill up the K factor may be changed using the "Auto Calibrate Mode" or the K Factor may be manually changed in the Power-up Programming.

5. “USED” Display Mode:

In the “USED” Display Mode, the FP-5(L) will display the "Fuel Used Since Fill Up." By tapping either "PRG" button the display will toggle between "Fuel Used Since Fill Up" and "Fuel Used for the Flight" (displayed with a "F" in the front of the value). The Fuel Used for the Flight is measured from the time the aircraft's electrical power was turned on. If the electrical power is turned off, the Fuel Used for the Flight will reset to "000." The "Fuel Used Since Fill Up" is held in permanent memory and reset to "000" when you enter the "Add Fuel" or "Auto Calibrate" modes.

Note: Tap either "Prg" Button to toggle between the two displays.

Gal

22.8

"Fuel Used Since Fill Up" Displayed

The "Fuel Used Since Fill Up" and the "Fuel Used for the Flight" is displayed as follows:

A. When set to display in Gallons the display will read in .1 Gal increments up to 99.9 Gals and 1 Gal

increments up to 999 Gals.

B. When set to display in Imperial Gallons the display will read in .1 Gal increments up to 99.9 Gals and

1 Gal increments up to 811 Gals.

"Fuel Used for the Flight" Displayed

F 8.7

Gal

C. When set to display in Pounds the display will read in 1 Lb increments up to 1999 Lbs.

Page 13

D. When set to display in Liters the display will read in 1 Ltr increments up to 1999 Ltrs.

The K Factor programmed into the FP-5(L) will affect the fuel used. See the “Pilot-Programmable Modes” section in this manual for further details.

6. “T. to E. / MPG” (Time to Empty / Miles per Gallon) Display Mode:

"Time to Empty" is calculated by dividing "Fuel Remaining" by "Fuel Flow". The value is displayed in hours and minutes up to 19 hours and 59 minutes. By tapping either "PRG" button, the FP-5L can be toggle between "Time to Empty", "Nautical Miles per Gallon" (shown with a "n" in the left of the display) and "Statute Miles per Gallon."

If the programmable Low "T. to E." Limit has been violated (as shown in the left display below), a bar in the upper left corner of the display will be shown when displaying Time to Empty. See the "Pilot Programmable Settings" section of this manual to set the Time to Empty Limit.

Note: Tap either "PRG" button to toggle between the different displays.

1:22 n 9.3 10.7

Time to Empty Displayed

If the FP-5L is not receiving data from a GPS, the display will show " ." If a signal is present but the baud rate is wrong, the display will show "

If the baud rate is correct but the ground speed and distance to waypoint is not available, the display will show "

." To set up the FP-5(L) to receive GPS data, see the "Power-Up Programmable Settings" sections of

this manual.

7. “PRESS” (Fuel Pressure) Display Mode:

The "PRESS" mode, the FP-5(L) will display fuel pressure in .2 PSI increments from .5 to 999.9 PSI. Readings below .5 PSI will be displayed as "000".

If the factory set High Fuel Pressure Limit is violated, a bar will appear in the upper left corner of the LCD display in the “PRESS” mode, and the H/L PRESS Warning LED will blink. If the factory set Low Fuel Pressure Limit is violated, a bar will appear in the lower left corner of the LCD display in the “PRESS” mode, and the H/L PRESS Warning LED will blink.

Nautical Miles per Gallon Displayed Statute Miles per Gallon Displayed

" (note the tick mark in the upper left corner of the display).

Page 14

8. “F. to D. (Fuel to Destination) Display Mode (FP-5L only):

When the left button ("F. to DES") is pushed the FP-5L will read the serial data from your GPS unit and compute the Fuel to Destination (next waypoint) for the current conditions: Fuel Flow, Fuel Remaining, Ground Speed and Distance to Destination. This process will take from one to three seconds depending on the update time of your GPS unit. If the fuel required to reach the waypoint is more than the fuel remaining as shown on the FP-5L, the "Low Fuel Warning" LED will come on.

If the FP-5L is not receiving data from a GPS, the display will show "

." If a signal is present but the baud rate is wrong, the display will

Gal

14.4

show " If the baud rate is correct but the ground speed and distance to way point is not

available, the display will show " GPS data, see the "Power-Up Programmable Settings" sections of this manual. Once speed and distance data

have been received, the Fuel to Destination (next waypoint) will be computed instantly and displayed on the FP5L.

9. “F. Reserve (Fuel Reserve) Display Mode (FP-5L only):

When the right button ("F. RES") is pushed the FP-5L will read the serial data from your GPS unit and compute the Fuel Reserve for the current conditions: Fuel Flow, Fuel Remaining, Ground Speed and Distance to Destination. The Fuel Reserve is the fuel you will have in your tank once you reach your destination (next waypoint) programmed on the GPS unit (Fuel Reserve = Fuel Remaining - Fuel to Destination). If the fuel required to reach the waypoint is more than the fuel remaining as shown on the FP-5L, the Low Fuel Warning LED will come on and the Fuel Reserve will be displayed as a negative number (i.e., " -3" would mean you are 3 gallons short of reaching your destination).

When the "F. RES" button is pushed it will take from one to two sec- onds, depending on the update time of your GPS unit, to read and compute the serial data. If the FP-5L is not receiving data from a GPS, the display will

show " tick mark in the upper left corner of the display). If the baud rate is correct but the ground speed and distance to

" (note the tick mark in the upper left corner of the display).

." To set up the FP-5L to receive

Distance = 180nm Speed = 150n/hr Fuel Flow = 12.0 Gal/Hr

Gal

3.9

Distance = 180nm Speed = 150n/hr Fuel Flow = 12.0 Gal/Hr Fuel Rem. = 18.3

." If a signal is present but the baud rate is wrong, the display will show " " (note the

waypoint is not available, the display will show " FP-5L to receive GPS data, see the "Power-Up Programmable Settings" sections of this manual. Once speed and

distance data have been received, Fuel Reserve will be computed instantly and displayed on the FP-5L.

Pilot-Programmable Settings:Pilot-Programmable Settings:

Pilot-Programmable Settings:

Pilot-Programmable Settings:Pilot-Programmable Settings:

The FP-5(L) has seven Pilot Programmable Settings. These programmable settings are what make the FP5(L) versatile, accurate and so effective at managing fuel. Most of these programmable settings need to be set only once to match your engine and desired warning levels. The following chart is an overview of the Display Modes and Pilot Programmable Settings available.

." To set up the

Page 15

Di spl ay Mode

(indicated by a green LED)

Main Display

(select w ith

"STEP" Switch)

Al t ern at e D i spl ay

(tap either " PRG"

button)

Pilot

Programmable

Settings

(push both " PRG"

buttons)

FLOW

HP REM USED

Fuel Flow

(17.3 gal/Hr)

Horsepower

(HP75)

Set FP-5(L)

t o D isp lay in

Gal, Br Ga l,

Lbs o r Lt rs .

F u e l R ema inin g

(23.7 gal)

Add Fuel

("Add")

Auto Ca lib ra te

the K F ac tor

("AU T O")

Fuel Used

since Fill Up

(16.3 gal)

Fuel Used for

the Flight

(F 7.2 gal)

Se t the First

Low Fue l

Alarm

(High Bar)

Se t the

Second Low

Fuel Alarm

(Low Bar)

T. t o E .

MPG PRESS

Time t o E m pt y

(1:22)

(FP-5L only)

Naut ica l M iles

per Gallon

(n 9.3)

(FP-5L only)

Statute Miles

per Gallon

( 10.7)

Se t the Time to

Empty Alar m

(High Bar)

Se t the

Reoccurring Fuel

Used Alarm

(Low Bar)

Fuel

Pressure

Although programming may be new to some of you, programming the FP-5(L) is simple. After a few tries, you should have the hang of it. No matter which buttons you push or parameter you set you cannot hurt the FP-5(L) and any parameter can be reset.

1. Setting the display for

In the "FLOW" Display Mode the FP-5(L) may be set to display Fuel Flow, Fuel Remaining and Fuel Used in Gallons, British (Imperial) Gallons, Pounds or Liters.

To program the display, perform the following steps:

A. Select the “FLOW” Display Mode.

B. Momentarily push both “PRG” buttons. Either “Gal", "br Gal",

"Lbs" or “Ltr” will be shown in the display. You are ready to program the FP-5(L) to display in Gallons, British (Imperial) gallons, Pounds or Liters.

“Gal”, "br Gal", “Lbs” or "Ltr" in the "Flow" Display Mode:

Gal

Page 16

C. Set the Display using the following procedure:

To change the display to "Gal", "br Gal", "Lbs" or "Ltr" - Moving the Mode Select Switch to the

left while pushing the left program button will alternate the display between "Gal", "br Gal", "Lbs" and "Ltr".

b) To Exit - To exit the Pilot Programming Settings for the "FLOW" Display Mode, momentarily

push both “PRG” buttons at the same time. The programmed values will be stored in memory and internal batteries or external power are not required to store this information for life.

2. Add Fuel and Auto Calibrate the K Factor:

This procedure was described previously in the “Display Modes and Operating Features” section of this manual.

3. Setting the Two Low Fuel Alarms in the "Used" Display Mode:

In the "USED" Display Mode the following alarms may be set:

First Low Fuel Alarm - The First Low Fuel Alarm may be programmed to blink the "Low Fuel Warning"

LED when the fuel remaining reaches your programmed set point. Pushing any button or switch will turn off

the blinking LED. This limit is intended as a reminder. It may be set to remind you to switch tanks or when a

specified amount of fuel remaining in the tanks has been reached. A good point to use in setting this alarm is

at the 1/2 fuel remaining level. In the “REM” Display Mode a bar in the upper left corner of the display will

be shown when the 1st Low Fuel Alarm Limit has been violated. Programming this alarm to “000” disables

the alarm.

Second Low Fuel Alarm - The Second Low Fuel alarm may be programmed to blink the "Low Fuel Warn-

ing" LED when the fuel remaining reaches your programmed setpoint. Pushing any button or switch will stop

the blinking but the Low Fuel Warning LED will stay on. This limit is intended as an emergency warn-

ing. It should be set to the lowest acceptable or safe fuel level in the tanks. A good point to use in setting

this alarm is 30 minutes’ worth of fuel (at cruise) for a VFR pilot or 45 minutes for an IFR pilot. In the

“REM” display mode a bar in the lower left corner of the display will be shown when the Second Low Fuel

Alarm Limit has been violated. Programming this alarm to “000” disables the alarm.

To program the First and Second Low Fuel Alarm Limits, perform the following steps:

A. Select the “USED” Display Mode.

B. Momentarily push both “PRG” buttons. A bar will appear in the

upper left corner of the display and the left digit will be blinking. You are ready to program the 1st Low Fuel Alarm Limit.

C. Set the 1st and 2nd Low Fuel Alarm Limits using the following

procedure:

a) Select a Digit - The Right and Left “PRG” buttons move the

blinking digit to the right or to the left.

Blinking Digit (0)

Gal

015

Page 17

b) Increase or Decrease a Digits Count - Moving the "STEP" Switch to the right will increase the

blinking digits count and moving it to the left will decrease the blinking digits count.

c) Change Functions - The display will toggle between the First

and Second Low Fuel Alarm Limits by pushing the Right "PRG" button with the right digit blinking or by pushing the Left "PRG" button with the left digit blinking. The First Low Fuel Alarm Limit is always displayed with a bar in the upper left corner of the display and the Second Low Fuel Alarm Limit is always displayed with a bar in the lower left corner of the display.

To Exit - To exit the Pilot Programming Settings for the "USED" Display Mode, momentarily push both “PRG” buttons at the same time. The programmed values will be stored in memory and no internal batteries or external power are required to store this information for life.

4. Setting the Time to Empty Alarm and the Reoccurring Fuel Used Alarm in the "T. to E." Display Mode:

Blinking Digit (0)

008

Gal

In the “T. to E.” display mode the following alarms may be set:

Time to Empty Alarm - The Time to Empty Alarm may be programmed to blink the Low Fuel Warning LED when the Time to Empty calculated by the FP-5(L) reaches your programmed setpoint. Pushing any button or switch will turn off the blinking LED. This limit may be set to remind you to switch tanks or when a specified Time to Empty has been reached. In the “T. to E.” Display Mode a bar in the upper left corner of the display will be shown when this limit has been violated. Programming this alarm to “0:00” disables the alarm.

Reoccurring Fuel Used Alarm - The Reoccurring Fuel Used Alarm may be programmed to blink the Low Fuel Warning LED each time the fuel used reaches the programmed limit. Example: You have 40 gallons of fuel on board. You set the Reoccurring Alarm to 5 gallons. You will get an alarm every 5 gallons of fuel used (i.e., when your fuel levels reaches 35, 30, 25, 20, etc. gallons). Pushing any button or switch will turn off the blinking LED. This limit may be set to remind you to switch tanks or to check your fuel levels at specified fuel levels. Programming this alarm to “000” disables the alarm.

To program the Time to Empty and Reoccurring Alarms, perform the following steps:

A. Select the “T. to E.” Display Mode.

B. Momentarily push both “PRG” buttons. A bar will appear in the

upper left corner of the display and the left digit will be blinking. You are ready to program the Time to Empty Alarm limit.

Blinking Digit

C. Set the Time to Empty and Reoccurring Alarm limits using the

following procedure:

1:00

Page 18

a) Select a Digit - The Right and Left “PRG” buttons move the blinking digit to the right or to the

left.

b) Increase or Decrease a Digits Count - Moving the "STEP Switch" to the right will increase the

blinking digits count and moving it to the left will decrease the blinking digits count.

Change Functions - The display will toggle between the Time to Empty Alarm limit and the Reoccurring Alarm limit by pushing the Right "PRG" button with the right digit blinking or by pushing the Left "PRG" button with the left digit blinking. The Time to Empty Alarm limit is always displayed with a bar in the upper left corner of the display and the Reoccurring Alarm limit is always displayed with a bar in the lower left corner of the display.

To Exit - To exit the Pilot Programming Settings for the

d) "T. to E." Display Mode, momentarily push both “PRG”

buttons at the same time. The programmed values will be stored in memory and no internal batteries or external power are required to store this information for life.

Blinking Digit

Gal

005

Power-Up Programmable Settings:Power-Up Programmable Settings:

Power-Up Programmable Settings:

Power-Up Programmable Settings:Power-Up Programmable Settings:

The FP-5(L) has nine Power-Up Programmable Settings and the FP-5L has two additional settings. These programmable settings need to be set only once to configure the instrument to your aircraft, engine and personal preference. The following settings are available:

1&2. First and Second Full Fuel Levels:

There are two Full Fuel Levels that may be set in the FP-5(L). When adding fuel to the FP-5(L), the First and Second programmed Full Fuel Levels may be retrieved automatically. The First Full Fuel Level will be displayed with a bar in the upper left corner of the display. The Second Full Fuel Level will be displayed with a bar in the lower left corner of the display.

Blinking Digit

Gal

050

Gal

060

3. K Factor:

The K Factor represents the number of electrical pulses per gallon the FP-5(L) receives from the flow transducer. Changing the K Factor changes the accuracy of the FP-5(L). Initially, the K Factor should be set to the value listed for the specific flow transducer. If the flow transducer came from the factory as a package, the proper K Factor would have been set in the instrument.

Example: Value listed 68,000 (68,000 pulses per gallon measured on the

bench). Set the K Factor on the FP-5(L) for the first three digits of the K Factor listed (680).

Blinking Digit

680

Page 19

The differences between the elbows, fittings, pipe sizes, hoses and routing methods used during installation

and the fuel pressure for your aircraft can, for any fuel flow gauge, cause the flow transducer to output a

different number of electrical pulses per gallon (K Factor) than when it was tested on the bench. To correct

for any errors in the K Factor, keep track of the Actual Fuel Used (fuel required to bring the tanks back to

full) and compare this with the FP-5(L) Fuel Used (Full Tank Level minus Fuel Remaining as displayed on the

FP-5(L)). If your error is less than 3 gallons for a single tank, you should average the error over 3 tanks of

fuel. Use the following formula to correct the K Factor:

(FP-5(L) Fuel Used) x (Current K Factor)

New K Factor = -----------------------------------------------------

Actual Fuel Used

Note: The K Factor can be automatically corrected by using the "Auto Calibrate" Mode (see the Display

Modes and Operation Features section of this manual).

Note: When refueling an aircraft fuel tank, it is not easy to fill the tanks to exactly the same level each time.

Some variables are: 1. How level the wings are during refueling. 2. The affects of any crossover tubes.

3. The ability of the line attendant to fill the tank to the same mark. Also, the shape of the tank and the

dihedral of the wings can aggravate the situation.

Note: K Factor settings below 580 will cause the display resolution to increase above .1 Gal/Hr. when used

with a Display Update Time setting of "UP2." K Factors below 180 will cause the display resolution to

increase above .1 Gal/Hr. when used with a Display Update Time setting of "UP1." The FT-90 Flow Trans-

ducer has a K Factor around 198.

4. Filter:

There are two filters used by the FP-5(L) to remove fluctuation or jump in the fuel flow readings. Selecting either filter will not affect the accuracy of the FP-5(L). Use filter “F 1” for most fuel-injected engines. This filter has the fastest response time (eight times faster than other flow gauges). Use filter “F 2” for most carbureted engines. This filter has a slightly slower response time than F1 (still faster than other flow gauges) but will take out any fluctuation or jump you may have seen using the F1 filter.

5. Display Update Time:

The Display Update Time may be set to "UP2" or "UP1." An "UP2" setting causes the display to update two times per second and a .1 Gal/Hr. resolution can be maintained for K Factors from 580 to 1999. A "UP1" setting causes the display to update once per second and a .1 Gal/Hr. resolution can be maintained for K Factors from 180 to 999. When using the FT-60 Flow Transducer use the "UP2" setting. When using the FT-90 Flow Transducer use the "UP1" setting if .1 Gal/Hr. resolution is required, otherwise a "UP2" setting would be preferred.

Blinking Digit

F 1

Blinking Digit

UP2

Page 20

6. Fuel Flow at 75% Power (rich mixture) Setting:

This setting calibrates the % Horsepower Display Mode to your engine. This procedure should be done after your have verified the calibration of the FP-5(L). Changing the K Factor on the FP-5(L) will change the displayed Fuel Flow and the displayed % Horsepower.

Fly your aircraft at cruise altitude (or, if necessary, at lower altitude where you can achieve 75% power) with a rich mixture. Refer to operating charts from your aircraft or engine manufacturer to determine your power setting. Record the fuel flow displayed on the FP-5(L) at 75% power (rich mixture). For this setting, program the recorded fuel flow into the FP-5(L). When displaying the Fuel Flow at 75% Power a "r" will be displayed in the lower left corner of the display.

The FP-5(L) can be set up to display raw horsepower by using the following procedure:

A. Record the Fuel Flow at 75% Power as described above. This value will be designated FF@75%

rich.

B. Program the Fuel Flow Setting in the FP-5(L) using the following formula:

FF@75% rich x 75

Fuel Flow Setting = ---------------------------------------------------------------

HPmax (max horsepower of your engine) x .75

Blinking Digit

Gal/Hr

r 17.0

Note: For most spark ignition piston engines this fuel flow setting will be around 7.0 gallons/hr.

7. GPS Receive Format (FP-5L only):

The GPS Receive Format configures the FP-5L to receive data from a GPS. The data received is used to calculate fuel to destination, fuel reserve and miles per gallon. If the FP-5L is not receiving data from a GPS, the display will show " OFF" (the GPS receive wire may be open or connected to the wrong pin on the GPS). If a signal is present but the baud rate is wrong, the display will show " 'on" (note the tick mark in the upper left corner of the display). Check the following settings and check that the GPS receive wire is connected to the proper pin on the GPS. If the baud rate is correct but the ground speed and distance data to waypoint are not available, the display will show " on" (verify that the GPS is receiving satellites, the GPS output port is configured properly and a waypoint has been set).

The GPS Receive Format may be set for the following:

" In1" - Receives moving map data at 9600 baud. All panel mount GPS

units we know of output this format. This format enables the FP-5L GPS output port.

Blinking Digit

In1

" In2" - Receives data from a Northstar unit at 1200 baud. Some newer

Northstar units output moving map data (use " In1").

" In3" - Receives NMEA data from most hand held GPS units at 4800 baud.

Page 21

8. GPS Transmit Format (FP-5L only):

The GPS Transmit Format configures the FP-5L to transmit data to a GPS. The data transmitted may or may not be used by your GPS (check your GPS Operating Manual). The FP-5L GPS output port will only be enabled when the GPS Receive Format has been set to " In1." For all transmit formats the baud rate is

9600.

The GPS Transmit Format may be set for the following:

" Ot0" - Disables the output port. If your GPS is not going to use the FP-5L

transmitted data, set the GPS Transmit Format to " Ot0."

" Ot1" - Outputs the older Shadin fuel flow data. Works with many older

Arnav, King and newer Garmin GPS units.

" Ot2" - Outputs the Shadin fuel flow sentence. Works with Garmin and many other units.

" Ot3" - Outputs a modified Shadin Fuel/Airdata sentence. Works with many UPS GPS units.

9. Scan Rate:

The Scan Rate (the time the FP-5(L) takes to switch between display modes) can be set from 0 to 9 seconds. A "0" setting disables the scan feature. When displaying the Scan Rate "Sn" will be shown in the left of the display.

To program the Power-up Programmable Settings, perform the following steps:

A. Turn the aircraft electrical power off, push both “PRG” buttons, and hold them in.

Blinking Digit

Ot1

Blinking Digit

Sn3

B. Turn the aircraft electrical power on, wait two seconds, then release the “PRG” buttons. At this

point, the far left digit should be blinking and there should be a bar in the upper left corner of the display. All the green display mode LEDs should be off. If this is not the case, go back to step A. The 1st Full Fuel Level is being displayed and you are now ready to program the Power-up Programmable Setting that were described above.

Select a Digit - The Right and Left “PRG” buttons move the blinking digit to the right or to the left.

b) Advance a Digits Count - Moving the Mode Select Switch to the right will increase the blinking

digits count by one or to the left to decrease a blinking digits count by one. After the blinking digit reaches 9 it will reset to 0.

c) Change Functions - The display will toggle between the Power-up Programmable Settings

described above by pushing the Right "PRG" button with the right digit blinking (advances to the next function) or by pushing the Left "PRG" button with the left digit blinking (returns to the last function). For each function the display will appear as described above.

d) To Exit - To exit the Power-up Programming Mode, momentarily push both “PRG” buttons at

the same time. The programmed values will be stored in memory and no internal batteries or external power are required to store this information for life.

Page 22

Specifications and Operating Features

Model:

FP-5-LxxHyy and FP-5L-LxxHyy (Primary Fuel Flow/Pressure Instrument)

Case Dimensions:

2.5" x 2.5" x 3.65" depth, 2 1/4" Bezel.

Weight:

Instrument Only: 11 Oz.

Flow Transducer FT-60 or FT-90: 6 Oz.

Fuel Pressure Transducer PT-100GA: 2 Oz.

Environmental:

Meets TSO C44a/C47

Power Requirements:

7.5 to 35 Volts, 1/10 Amp.

Green Display Mode Indicator LEDs:

The intensity of these LEDs is controlled by the dimming wire. 12 or 24 volts on this wire will dim the LEDs

for night operation.

Red Low Fuel Warning LED:

This LED will blink any time the programmed First or Second Low Fuel limit, Time to Empty Limit or Reoc-

curring Alarm is violated. The Low Fuel Warning LED is always displayed at full intensity and will flash on

power-up.

Red H/L PRESS Warning LED:

This LED will blink any time the factory programmed High or Low Pressure limit is violated. The H/L

PRESS Warning LED is always displayed at full intensity and will flash on power-up.

Digital Display:

LCD (viewable in direct sunlight), with 12 and 24 volt backlight control wires for night operation. Displays

"8888" on power up.

External Warning Control Line:

Grounds when any Red Warning LED is on or blinking. Current should be limited to 2/10 amp.

Accuracy:

Flow: 2% o r better in accordance with TSO C44a.

Pressure: 2% in accordance with TSO.

Resolution:

Fuel Flow: .1 Gal. o r 1 L b . o r 1 L t r .

Fuel Remaining: .1 Gal. up to 99.9 Gal or 1 Lb. or 1 Ltr.

Fuel Used: .1 Gal. up to 99.9 Gal or 1 Lb. or 1 Ltr.

Time to Empty: 1 minute

Fuel Pressure: .2 PSI (with PT-100GA)

Page 23

Max Displayed Range (Unit Only):

Fuel Flow: 199.9 Gals/Hr or 162.0 br Gal/Hr or 1199 Lbs/Hr or 749 Ltr/Hr.

Fuel Remaining: 999 Gals. or 811 br Gal. or 1999 Lbs. or 1999 Ltr.

Fuel Used: 999 Gals. or 811 br Gal. or 1999 Lbs. or 1999 Ltr.

Time to Empty: 19 hours 59 minutes

Fuel Pressure: .5 to 199.8 PSI (Readings below .5 PSI will be displayed as 00.0 PSI)

RS-232/422 Input Ports (FP-5L-LxxHyy Only):

Single Line Receive Method: RS-232C or RS-423

Dual Line Receive Method: RS-422 or RS-485 (with 120 ohm external resistor)

Protocol: 1 Start bit, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit.

Baud Rate: 1200, 4800, 9600

Receive Format: Moving Map, Northstar or NEMA.

RS-232/422 Output Port (FP-5L-LxxHyy Only):

Transmit Method: RS-232C Single Line.

Protocol: 1 Start bit, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit.

Baud Rate: 9600 (Receive Format must be set to Moving Map).

Transmit Format: King KLN88, Garmin, or UPS.

Fuel Flow Transducer, Standard (FT-60):

Range: 0.6 to 70+ GPH

Linearity: 1% over an engines normal operating range.

K Factor: Approx. 68,000

Pressure Drop: 0.5 PSI at 28 GPH

2.0 PSI at 56 GPH Working Press: 1000 PSI Min. Burst Press: 4000 PSI Temp. Range: -65'C to 125'C Fuel Ports: 1/4" Female NPT

Fuel Flow Transducer, Special (FT-90):

Range: 2 to 125+ GPH K Factor: Approx. 33,800 Pressure Drop: 0.5 PSI at 63 GPH

2.0 PSI at 127 GPH Working Press: 1000 PSI Min. Burst Press: 4000 PSI Temp. Range: -65'C to 125'C Fuel Ports: 1/4" Female NPT

Fuel Pressure Transducer (PT-100GA):

Range: 0 to 100 PSI Over Press: 300 PSI without damage. Min. Burst Press: 500 PSI Temp. Range: -40'C to 125'C Material: 303 Stainless Steel Press. Port: 1/4" Male NPT

Fuel Flow Transducer, FT-180 (Black Cube):

Range: 2 to 250+ GPH K Factor: Approx. 22,700 Pressure Drop: 0.5 PSI at 88 GPH

2.0 PSI at 176 GPH Working Press: 1000 PSI Min. Burst Press: 4000 PSI Temp. Range: -65 to 125'C Fuel Ports: 1/4" Female NPT with #8

Female Flare Fitting