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X3M
Energy Data Manager
User Manual
Version8 November 2005
The document can be modified without prior information.
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Index
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 6
1.1 COPYRIGHT ........................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 WARRANTY ......................................................................................................................... 6
1.3 RETURN AND REPAIR FORMALITIES................................................................................. 6
1.3.1 RE-SHIPPING OF REPAIRED PRODUCT..................................................................... 6
1.3.2 Return Material Authorization (RMA form).................................................................... 7
2 Safety......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Operator safety .................................................................................................................... 8
3 Mounting .................................................................................................................................... 9
3.1 Dimensions (mm).................................................................................................................9
3.2 Fixing and blocking .............................................................................................................. 9
4 Wiring Diagrams ...................................................................................................................... 10
4.1 Power Supply..................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 Measurement Connections................................................................................................ 10
4.2.1 Voltage connection...................................................................................................... 10
4.2.2 Current connection...................................................................................................... 10
4.2.3 4W Star Connection (4 wires) ..................................................................................... 11
4.2.4 3W Delta Connection (3 wires).................................................................................... 12
4.2.4.1 L1 L3 Phase Connection with 2 CTs.................................................................. 12
4.2.4.2 L1 L2 Phase Connection with 2 CTs.................................................................. 13
4.2.5 2 Wire Connection (single phase) ............................................................................... 13
4.2.6 2 Wire Connection (double phase).............................................................................. 14
4.3 Output Connection............................................................................................................. 14
4.4 Connecting Optional Components..................................................................................... 15
4.4.1 RS485 Option.............................................................................................................. 15
4.4.2 RS232 Option.............................................................................................................. 16
4.4.3 Double 4-20 mA analogic Output Option..................................................................... 16
5 Instrument Use ........................................................................................................................ 17
5.1.1 Set up sequence ......................................................................................................... 18
5.1.2 Configuration Procedure ............................................................................................. 19
5.1.2.1 Electrical system configuration........................................................................... 19
5.1.2.2 Communication Parameters Configuration ........................................................ 21
5.1.2.3 Output Configuration .......................................................................................... 21
5.1.2.4 Pulse characteristics configuration..................................................................... 22
5.1.2.4.1 Pulse output set up with Modbus registers..................................................................... 22
5.1.2.5 Alarm Configuration ........................................................................................... 23
5.1.2.5.1 Alarm set up with Modbus registers. .............................................................................. 24
5.1.2.6 Analog 4-20 mA Outputs Configuration. ............................................................ 25
5.1.2.6.1 Analog output set up with Modbus registers................................................................... 26
5.1.2.6.2 4-20 mA output configuration of the average AVG values ............................................. 26
5.1.2.7 Clock calendar configuration (for X3M-D only) .................................................. 27
5.1.2.7.1 Clock set up with Modbus registers. ............................................................................... 28
5.1.2.7.2 Time zones ..................................................................................................................... 29
5.1.3 Reset Procedure ......................................................................................................... 33
5.2 Readings............................................................................................................................ 34
5.2.1 Readings selection keys.............................................................................................. 34
5.2.1.1 Voltage and Frequency Readings...................................................................... 34
5.2.1.1.1 3P 4 W Configuration...................................................................................................... 34
5.2.1.1.2 3P 3 W Configuration...................................................................................................... 35
5.2.1.1.3 3P-b 4W Configuration ................................................................................................... 35
5.2.1.1.4 3P-b 3W Configuration ................................................................................................... 35
5.2.1.1.5 1P 2W Configuration....................................................................................................... 35
5.2.1.1.6 2P 2W Configuration....................................................................................................... 35
5.2.1.2 Current readings ................................................................................................ 36
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5.2.1.2.1
5.2.1.2.2 3P 3W Configuration....................................................................................................... 36
5.2.1.2.3 3P-b 4W Configuration ................................................................................................... 36
5.2.1.2.4 3P-b 3W Configuration ................................................................................................... 36
5.2.1.2.5 1P 2W and 2P 2W Configuration.................................................................................... 36
3P 4W Configuration....................................................................................................... 36
5.2.1.3 Powers ............................................................................................................... 37
5.2.1.3.1 3P 4W Configuration....................................................................................................... 37
5.2.1.3.2 3P 4W only Import Configuration.................................................................................... 37
5.2.1.3.3 3P 3W / 3P-b 3W / 2P 2W Configuration........................................................................ 38
5.2.1.3.4 3P-b 4W Configuration ................................................................................................... 38
5.2.1.3.5 1P 2W Configuration....................................................................................................... 38
5.2.1.4 P.F. Visualization ............................................................................................... 39
5.2.1.4.1 3P 4W Configuration....................................................................................................... 39
5.2.1.4.2 3Pb 4W Configuration..................................................................................................... 39
5.2.1.4.3 3P 3W e 3Pb 3W Configuration...................................................................................... 39
5.2.1.4.4 1P 2W e 2P 2W Configuration........................................................................................ 39
5.2.1.5 Energy................................................................................................................ 40
5.2.1.6 Only Import Energy Display ............................................................................... 40
5.2.1.7 Tariff Energies and Tariff Maximum Demand..................................................... 41
5.2.1.8 Calendar Clock and Life Time........................................................................... 41
6 Instrument Description............................................................................................................. 42
6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 42
6.2 Simplicity and versatility..................................................................................................... 43
6.3 Total harmonic distortion Measurement (THD).................................................................. 43
6.4 Energy Measurement......................................................................................................... 43
6.5 Storage .............................................................................................................................. 43
6.6 Calibration Led................................................................................................................... 44
6.7 Digital Outputs ................................................................................................................... 44
6.8 Pulse Output ...................................................................................................................... 44
6.9 Alarms................................................................................................................................ 44
6.10 Communication............................................................................................................... 44
6.11 Clock / Calendar ............................................................................................................. 45
6.11.1 Clock Format............................................................................................................ 45
6.12 Memory........................................................................................................................... 45
6.12.1 Dimensions .............................................................................................................. 45
6.12.2 Memory Read/Write. ................................................................................................ 45
6.12.3 File Structure............................................................................................................ 45
6.12.4 Record Structure...................................................................................................... 46
6.13 Average and peak Energy .............................................................................................. 46
6.14 Tariff Time Bands ........................................................................................................... 46
7 System Architecture................................................................................................................. 47
7.1 General Features............................................................................................................... 47
7.1.1 X3M.............................................................................................................................47
7.1.2 Options........................................................................................................................ 48
7.1.2.1 RS485 Port......................................................................................................... 48
7.1.2.2 RS232 Port......................................................................................................... 48
7.1.2.3 2 x 4-20 mA Analog Output................................................................................ 48
8 Parameters and formulas ........................................................................................................ 49
8.1 3P 4W Three phase with 4 wire neutral............................................................................ 49
8.1.1 Available Reading: ...................................................................................................... 49
8.1.2 Measurement Formulas: ............................................................................................. 51
8.2 3P 3W Three phase without neutral................................................................................... 53
8.2.1 Available Reading: ...................................................................................................... 53
8.2.2 Measurement Formulas: ............................................................................................. 55
8.3 3P-b 4W Balanced Three phase with neutral ................................................................... 57
8.3.1 Available Reading: ...................................................................................................... 57
8.3.2 Measurements Formulas:............................................................................................ 59
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8.4 3P-b 3W Balanced three Phase without neutral 3 wires.................................................. 60
8.4.1 Available Reading: ...................................................................................................... 60
8.4.2 Measurement Formulas: ............................................................................................. 62
8.5 1P (2W) Single phase....................................................................................................... 63
8.5.1 Available Reading: ...................................................................................................... 63
8.5.2 Measurement Formulas: ............................................................................................. 65
8.6 2P (2W) Double phase...................................................................................................... 66
8.6.1 Available Reading: ...................................................................................................... 66
8.6.2 Measurements Formulas:............................................................................................ 68
8.6.3 Sampling: .................................................................................................................... 69
8.6.4 Grid frequency Measurement:..................................................................................... 69
8.7 Average values and energy Calculation. ........................................................................... 69
8.7.1 Energy counting .......................................................................................................... 69
8.7.2 Average Powers / maximum demand (m/Max) ........................................................... 69
9 MODBUS Protocol.................................................................................................................. 70
9.1 Foreword:........................................................................................................................... 70
9.2 “Device dependent” Functions........................................................................................... 71
9.2.1 (0x11) Slave ID Report................................................................................................ 71
9.2.2 (0x07) Exception Status Read..................................................................................... 72
9.3 “User defined” Functions.................................................................................................... 72
9.3.1 (0x42) Slave Address Change .................................................................................... 72
9.4 Register Mapping............................................................................................................... 73
9.4.1 Holding registers ......................................................................................................... 73
9.4.2 Parameter selection tables.......................................................................................... 80
9.4.3 X3M Input registers ..................................................................................................... 84
9.4.4 Input Registers (backward compatibility area) ............................................................ 88
9.4.5 Coils (back compatibility)............................................................................................. 91
9.4.6 X3M coils..................................................................................................................... 91
10 File organization and management in the X3M flash memory. ............................................ 92
10.1 File system .....................................................................................................................92
10.1.1 Types of file.............................................................................................................. 94
10.1.2 File structure ............................................................................................................ 95
10.1.3 Structured Files........................................................................................................ 95
10.1.4 Descriptors............................................................................................................... 96
10.1.5 Homogenous files .................................................................................................. 103
10.1.6 Non Homogeneous files......................................................................................... 106
10.2 Type 0 files ................................................................................................................... 107
10.2.1 File status............................................................................................................... 108
10.2.2 Service status......................................................................................................... 108
10.3 Type 1 files ................................................................................................................... 109
10.3.1 Service configuration.............................................................................................. 110
10.4 Type 4 files ................................................................................................................... 112
10.4.1 Service Configuration............................................................................................. 114
10.4.2 Example of configuration file: “Events.xmbf”.......................................................... 116
10.4.3 Type 5 files............................................................................................................. 118
10.4.4 Service configuration.............................................................................................. 119
10.4.5 Example of configuration file: “Peaks.xmbf”........................................................... 120
10.5 Type 7 files ................................................................................................................... 121
10.5.1 Service configuration.............................................................................................. 121
10.5.2 Reset...................................................................................................................... 122
10.5.3 Example of configuration file: “EnergyCounters.xmbf”........................................... 123
10.6 Type 8 files ................................................................................................................... 124
10.6.1 Service configuration.............................................................................................. 124
10.6.2 Reset...................................................................................................................... 125
10.6.3 Example of configuration file: “MaximumDemands.xmbf”...................................... 126
10.6.4 Clock / Calendar..................................................................................................... 127
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10.6.4.1 Timezones........................................................................................................ 127
10.6.4.2 Files.................................................................................................................. 128
10.6.4.3 Clock related Modbus registers........................................................................ 128
10.6.5 Upgrading the firmware.......................................................................................... 129
11 The XMBF.EXE utility (Electrex ModBus File) ................................................................... 130
11.1 Commands for PC handling of the files of the X3M memory........................................ 130
11.1.1 Short commands.................................................................................................... 131
11.2 Operation type .............................................................................................................. 131
11.2.1 --read Download............................................................................................... 131
11.2.2 --write Upload .................................................................................................. 131
11.2.3 --del Delete....................................................................................................... 132
11.2.4 --create Create................................................................................................. 132
11.2.5 --reboot Instrument restart from zero.............................................................. 132
11.3 Communication port ..................................................................................................... 132
11.3.1 IP Address.............................................................................................................. 132
11.3.2 Com Port................................................................................................................ 132
11.4 Protocol format ............................................................................................................. 132
11.5 Address ........................................................................................................................ 132
11.6 File number................................................................................................................... 132
11.7 File Name ..................................................................................................................... 133
11.8 Destination.................................................................................................................... 133
11.8.1 --dpath=DestinationPath..................................................................................... 133
11.8.2 --dfile=DestinationFileName............................................................................. 133
11.9 Output format................................................................................................................ 134
11.9.1 TXT Output............................................................................................................. 134
11.9.2 Print to screen........................................................................................................ 134
11.9.3 HEX output............................................................................................................. 134
11.9.4 HTML Output.......................................................................................................... 136
11.9.5 XLS output type...................................................................................................... 138
11.10 Application examples ................................................................................................ 140
11.10.1 Changing the readings stored by Service (1) Load Profiles............................. 140
11.10.2 Changing the thresholds of Service (4) Events................................................ 143
11.10.3 Changing the parameters stored by Service (5) Peaks ................................... 146
12 Technical Characteristics ................................................................................................... 148
13 Firmware Revisions............................................................................................................ 150
14 Order codes ....................................................................................................................... 150
15 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY .................................................................................. 150
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INTRODUCTION
We thank you for choosing an Electrex instrument
We invite you to carefully read this instructions manual for the best use of the X3M instruments.
1.1 COPYRIGHT
Electrex S.r.l. All rights are reserved.
It is forbidden to duplicate, adapt, transcript this document without Electrex written authorization, except
when regulated accordingly by the Copyright Laws.
Copyright© 2003-2004
1.2 WARRANTY
This product is covered by a warranty against material and manufacturing defects for a period of 36 months
period from the manufacturing date
The warranty does not cover the defects that are due to:
• Negligent and improper use
• Failures caused by atmospheric hazards
• Acts of vandalism
• Wear out of materials
Electrex reserves the right, at its discretion, to repair or substitute the faulty products
The warranty is not applicable to the products that will result defective in consequence of a negligent and
improper use or an operating procedure not contemplated in this manual.
1.3 RETURN AND REPAIR FORMALITIES
Electrex accepts the return of instruments for repair only when authorized in advance. For instrument
purchased directly, the repair authorization must be requested to Electrex directly by using the enclosed
RMA form. We recommend otherwise to contact your local distributor for assistance on the return/repair
formalities. In both the cases, the following information must be supplied:
• Company full data
• Contact name for further communication
• Product description
• Serial number
• Description of the returned accessories
• Invoice / Shipping document number and date
• Detailed description of the fault and of the operating condition when the fault occurred
The Electrex repair lab will send the authorization number to the customer directly or to the distributor as per
applicable case.
The RMA authorization number shall be clearly marked on the packaging and on the return transport
document.
WARNING: Failure to indicate the RMA number on the external packaging will entitle our warehouse to
refuse the delivery upon arrival and to return the parcel at sender’s charge.
The material must be shipped:
- within 15 working days from the receipt of the return authorization number
- free destination i.e. all transport expenses at sender’s charge.
- to the following address: Electrex S.r.l.
Atn. Repair laboratory
- the units covered by warranty must be returned in their original packaging.
1.3.1 RE-SHIPPING OF REPAIRED PRODUCT
The terms for re-shipment of repaired products are ex-works, i.e. the transport costs are at customer charge.
Products returned as detective but found to be perfectly working by our laboratories, will be charged a fixed
fee (40.00 Euro + VAT where applicable) to account for checking and testing time irrespective of the
warranty terms.
Via Claudia 96 - 41056 Savignano s/P (MO) - Italy
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1.3.2 Return Material Authorization (RMA form)
Request for the authorization number for the return of goods
Date:
Company:
Contact name:
TEL: FAX:
Product description:
Serial number:
Description of the returned accessories (if any):
Original purchase Invoice (or Shipping document) number and date.
NB: The proof of purchase must be provided by the customer. Failure to complete this area will automatically void all warranty.
Detailed description of the malfunction and of the operating conditions when the fault occurred
Tick off for a quotation
Should a product be found by our laboratories to be perfectly working, a fixed amount of 40 E uro (+VAT if applicable) will be charged
to account for checking and testing time irrespective of the warranty tems.
Space reserved to ELECTREX
R.M.A. No.
The RMA number shall be clearly indicated on the external packaging and on the shipping document:. Failure to observe this
requirement will entitle the ELECTREX warehouse to refuse the delivery.
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2 Safety
This instrument was manufactured and tested in compliance with IEC 61010 class 2 standards for operating
voltages up to 250 VAC rms phase to neutral.
In order to maintain this condition and to ensure safe operation, the user must comply with the indications
and markings contained in the following instructions:
• When the instrument is received, before starting its installation, check that it is intact and no damage
occurred during transport.
• Before mounting, ensure that the instrument operating voltages and the mains voltage are
compatible then proceed with the installation.
• The instrument power supply needs no earth connection.
• The instrument is not equipped with a power supply fuse; a suitable external protection fuse must be
foreseen by the contractor.
• Maintenance and/or repair must be carried out only by qualified, authorized personnel
• If there is ever the suspicion that safe operation is no longer possible, the instrument must be taken
out of service and precautions taken against its accidental use.
• Operation is no longer safe when:
1) There is clearly visible damage.
2) The instrument no longer functions.
3) After lengthy storage in unfavorable conditions.
4) After serious damage occurred during transport
The instruments must be installed in respect of all the local regulations.
2.1 Operator safety
Warning: Failure to observe the following instructions may lead to a serious danger of death.
- During normal operation dangerous voltages can occur on instrument terminals and on
voltage and current transformers. Energized voltage and current transformers may generate
lethal voltages. Follow carefully the standard safety precautions while carrying out any
installation or service operation.
- The terminals of the instrument must not be accessible by the user after the installation. The
user should only be allowed to access the instrument front panel where the display is
located.
- Do not use the digital outputs for protection functions nor for power limitation functions. The
instrument is suitable only for secondary protection functions.
- The instrument must be protected by a breaking device capable of interrupting both the
power supply and the measurement terminals. It must be easily reachable by the operator
and well identified as instrument cut-off device.
- The instrument and its connections must be carefully protected against short-circuit.
Precautions: Failure to respect the following instructions may irreversibly damage to the instrument.
- The instrument is equipped with PTC current limiting device but a suitable external protection
fuse should be foreseen by the contractor.
- The outputs and the options operate at low voltage level; they cannot be powered by any
unspecified external voltage.
- The application of currents not compatible with the current inputs levels will damage to the
instrument.
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3 Mounting
3.1 Dimensions (mm)
3.2 Fixing and blocking
The connection terminals of the instrument are held in place by a plastic panel, which must be mounted
using 4 screws (supplied). This set up will prevent the disconnection of the current measurement terminals.
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4 Wiring Diagrams
4.1 Power Supply
The instrument is fitted with a separated power supply with extended
functioning range. The terminals for the power supply are numbered
(13 and 14). Use cables with max cross-section of 4 mm
2
.
4.2 Measurement Connections
4.2.1 Voltage connection
Use cables with max cross-section of 4 mm2 and connect them to the terminals marked VOLTAGE INPUT
on the instrument according to the applicable diagrams that follow.
4.2.2 Current connection
It is necessary to use external CTs with a primary rating adequate to the load to be metered and with a 5A
secondary rating. The number of CTs to be used (1, 2 or 3) depends upon the type of network.
Connect the CT output(s) to the terminals marked CURRENT INPUT of the instrument according to the
applicable diagrams that follow.
Use cables with cross-section adequate to the VA rating of the CT and to the distance to be covered. The
max cross-section for the terminals is 4 mm
N.B. The CT secondary must always be in short circuit when not connected to the instrument in order to
avoid damages and risks for the operator.
Warning: THE PHASE RELATIONSHIP AMONG VOLTAGE AND CURRENT SIGNALS MUST BE
CAREFULLY RESPECTED. ALL DISREGARD OF THIS RULE OR OF THE WIRING DIAGRAM
LEADS TO SEVERE MEASUREMENT ERRORS.
2
.
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4.2.3 4W Star Connection (4 wires)
Low voltage 3 CTs Average or high voltage 3 TCs 3 CTs
Configuration 3P 4W Configuration 3P 4W
Low Voltage 1 CT (balanced and symmetric)
Configuration 3P-b 4W
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4.2.4 3W Delta Connection (3 wires)
Connection with 3 CTs Connection with 1CT
Low Voltage 3 CTs Low Voltage 1 CT
3P 3W Configuration 3P-b 3W Configuration
(Balanced and symmetric)
4.2.4.1 L1 L3 Phase Connection with 2 CTs
Low Voltage Average or High Voltage
3P 3W Configuration 3P 3W Configuration
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4.2.4.2 L1 L2 Phase Connection with 2 CTs
Low Voltage 2 CTs Average or High Voltage 2 CTs 2 TCs
3P 3W Configuration 3P 3W Configuration
4.2.5 2 Wire Connection (single phase)
Low Voltage Neutral phase 1 Ct
1P 2W Configuration
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4.2.6 2 Wire Connection (double phase)
×
Low Voltage phase 1 CT
2P 2W Configuration
4.3 Output Connection
The instrument is equipped with two opto-isolated transistor outputs rated 27 Vdc, 27 mA (DIN 43864
standards).
The outputs working mode is set by default to operate as pulse output proportional to the Active energy
(output 1) and to the Reactive energy (output 2). They support an output rate of 1.000 pulses per kWh (or
kvarh) referred to the instrument input range without any CT and PT multiplier.
In order to calculate the energy value of each pulse the following formula must be considered.
KK
×
PTCT
K
=
P
Example: CT = 100/5; PT = 20.000/100
Other pulse rate settings may be however programmed as described in the instrument set up section.
The operating mode of the digital outputs may also be changed to work as alarm output or as remote output
device controlled by the Modbus protocol as described in the instrument set up section.
/
kWhPulse
Where: K
= energy of each pulse; KCT = CT ratio ; K
p
Pulse/kWh = Pulse rate
20020
=
P
1000
=
pulsekWhK
/4
= PT ratio ;
PT
or kWh = Pulse count / 4
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4.4 Connecting Optional Components
The optional components of X3M are assembled on the back panel of the instrument, where the RJ45
connectors are located
The optional component feature settings are only displayed when one of them is connected to the instrument
CN1 = 4-20 mA module or Hardware key
CN2 = RS485 or RS232 interface
4.4.1 RS485 Option
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4.4.2 RS232 Option
4.4.3 Double 4-20 mA analogic Output Option
Self powered output, do not use external power supply.
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5 Instrument Use
The programming procedure allows to vary the instrument functioning parameters.
You can enter the procedure with the button Program located at the back of the instrument.
In this environment, you can enter the measurement parameters and the network configuration.
The various fields can be selected by pressing the
button which also allows navigating to all the Setup
pages
Pressing the
and buttons you can modify the selected input fields (flashing)
The content of a field can be either numeric or a parameter controlling the device behavior.
The button
advances to the next page, while selects the previous page
By pressing the button PROGRAM (while in any configuration page) the menu is exited and the configuration
saved.
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5.1.1 Set up sequence
Within the first page of the instrument set up menu, the following functions are available too.
- a pressure of the
- a pressure of the
Here below the page format and the programming flow.
key opens the energy counters reset page.
key opens the reset page of the average and maximum demand.
NOTE: all the modifications to the instrument programming parameters are effective
only when you exit the programming page pressing the PROGRAM button located
on the instrument rear panel.
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5.1.2 Configuration Procedure
5.1.2.1 Electrical system configuration
The first programming page shows the configuration of the type of electrical system.
The first selection sets the type of electrical system and the type of wiring used:
• 3 phase 4 wire system
• 3 phase 3 wire system
• balanced 3 phase 4 wire system (1 CT only)
• balanced 3 phase 3 wire system
• single phase system
• double phase system
, Star ,
, delta ,
,
,
.
The second selection sets whether the operating mode is:
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• Import only user
• Import-Export system
The instrument is set by default to
CTs connection errors
The following page enables to set the type of voltage measurement.
.
and Import only mode. and automatically corrects possible
If the voltage measurement is direct in low voltage, select
setting page.
If the voltage measurement is made on the HT side and/or via a voltage transformer, select
proceed to the next page for setting the Volatge transformer (PT) primary and secondary values
Enter the PT rated
measurement are unsuitable to this purpose.
The primary and the secondary values must be integers, the ratio can also be fractional.
The instrument is set by default to
After the voltage setting, the current set up page is prompted for programming the CT values; it requires the
entry of the CT primary rating and the CT secondary rating.
Ensure to enter the CT rated
When using 2 or 3 current transformers ensure that all the current transformers have the same ratings.
The instrument is set by default to [
The next page allows to set the integration time for calculating the Average and the Maximum Demand.
primary and secondary values indicated on the PT label; the values taken by
primary and secondary values as indicated on the CT label.
00005/5].
; the menu passes directly to the currents
and
The value is expressed in minutes in a 1 to 60 min. range.
The instrument supports two average values: one calculated by using the sliding window method and the
other one calculated on a fixed time basis. The time setting that is programmed by keyboard is the average
demand integration time with the sliding window method. The Maximum Demand too is calculated on the
sliding window basis.
The integration time on a fixed time basis is used for storing the energy data however this setting is available
only as a MODBUS register via serial port setting.
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5.1.2.2 Communication Parameters Configuration
This menu appear only upon connection to the instrument of an RS-485 or an RS-232 optional module.
The setting of the RS485 communication characteristics requires to scroll the programming pages with two
keys;
The
key advances to the next page, the key returns to the previous page
The first page is the following:
This page enables the setting of respectively:
- communication speed
- number of data bits
- parity
- stop bits
All these data are correlated depending upon the stop bit value.
Additional parameters regarding the MODBUS communication protocol may be
set in the next page:
- Mode: it may be configured to RTU or to ASC (ASCII) mode.
- Slave Address
- Transmission delay; it stands for the time delay the instrument will wait prior
to reply to a data query. It is expressed in milliseconds, the default value is
100 msec and a 0 setting is also possible.
5.1.2.3 Output Configuration
The instrument is equipped with 2 digital outputs that are set by default to operate as pulse outputs
proportional to P
instrument range without any CT and PT multiplier.
The operating mode of digital outputs may be changed to operate as alarm output or as remote output
device controlled by the Modbus protocol.
When operating on the Modbus protocol, in order to ensure a protection to the outputs in case of
communication failure, it is possible to configure a watchdog timer (programmable from 0 to 60 minutes; 0 =
disabled).
The following entry fields are prompted (example for output 1):
(output 1) and Q∑ (output 2) at a rate of 1.000 pulses per kWh (or kvarh) referred to the
∑
(1) Digital out number being programmed.
(2) Contact: it configures the rest state of the output transistor.
n.c. normally closed or n.o. normally open:
(3) Mode of operation:
PULSE (default setting) for operation as pulse output
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ALARM for operation as alarm contact output
REM Remote for operation as remote output device controlled via Modbus
5.1.2.4 Pulse characteristics configuration
If the PULSE selection is operated, the following page is shown allowing the configuration of the pulse
characteristics:
Where:
(1) Pulse output number being programmed.
(2) Pulse duration in mSec; programmable from 50 up to 900 in steps of 10
(3) Identifies the quantity proportional to the pulse output, selecting among:
Imported Active Power (import)
Inductive reactive Power with imported Active Power
Capacitive reactive Power with imported Active Power
Apparent Power with imported Active Power
Exported Active Power (export)
Inductive reactive Power with exported Active Power
Capacitive reactive Power with exported Active Power
Apparent Power with exported Active Power
(4)
the pulses take into account the CT and PT ratio and are referred to their primary readings
the pulses are referred to the CT (and PT) secondary reading without any multiplier .
(5) Pulse weight: programmable from 0,1 Wh up to 1 MWh through all the intermediate steps.
Example: 1.0 Wh = 1000 pulses/kWh.
(6) Identifies SETUP.
5.1.2.4.1 Pulse output set up with Modbus registers.
To set up the pulse output the Modbus Holding Registers from 120 to 127 have to be used.
Refer to chapter 9 for the details.
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5.1.2.5 Alarm Configuration
The Instrument is equipped with two alarms that are triggered by a programmable threshold on anyone of
the measured parameters.
The types of alarm available are: maximum, minimum and 1-of-3.
A minimum alarm is triggered when the selected parameter is lower than the alarm threshold.
A maximum alarm is triggered when the selected parameter exceeds the alarm threshold.
A 1-of-3 alarm is triggered when anyone of the phase readings, whichever the phase involved, trespasses
the alarm threshold – this alarm can be either maximum or minimum. On a 1-of-3 current alarm, the
threshold is expressed as percentage (rather than a value) that stands for the unbalance between the
phases. The alarm therefore triggers when the percent difference between two of the three phases exceeds
the threshold; it is calculated as 100 x (I
All alarms allow also the setting of an hysteresys and a delay time.
The hysteresys (in percent) sets the difference between the triggering threshold and the end threshold (this
prevents repeated alarm triggering when the reading oscillates around the trigger value). Example: a 5%
hysteresys on a threshold of 100, triggers the alarm when the reading exceeds 100 but it will switch off the
alarm when the reading becomes lower than 95.
The delay time sets a time delay for triggering on the alarm after its actual occurrence (or triggering off after
its actual end).
The alarm setup procedure is activated from the output configuration screen or at the end of page
max
– I
min
)/I
max
.
configuration using the
button or the button.
The fields meaning of Alarm 1 is as follows:
(A) Alarm No. identification (AL1 = alarm 1 that may be associated to output 1)
(1)Parameter type applying to Alarm 1. The possible choices are:
-- Disabled
U Voltage
f Frequency
I Current
P Active Power
Q Reactive Power
S Apparent Power
λ (PF) Power Factor
THD
U
THD
Total Harmonic Distortion (current)
I
Total Harmonic Distortion (voltage)
(2) Quantity definition: The possible definitions are:
Average star value (voltage, current and THD only).
Average system voltage (voltage and voltage THD only)
Neutral value (current only)
Three phase power (only on active, reactive, apparent power)
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L1 Phase 1 quantity.
L2 Phase 2 quantity.
L3 Phase 3 quantity.
L1-L2 Phase L1 phase L2 value (Phase to phase Voltages and THD only)
L2-L3 Phase L2 phase L3 value (Phase to phase Voltages and THD only)
L3-L1 Phase L3 phase L1 value (Phase to phase Voltages and THD only)
1di 3
Alarm on all three phases. The symbols L1-L2, L2-L3 and L3-L1 are flashing
(voltage and THD only).
1di 3
AVG Alarm on average powers.
(3)Threshold voltage: programmable in the range –1999 +1999
(4)Decimal point position. The quantity can be scaled by powers of ten by using the m, K, M symbols
and the decimal point. Range is between 10-3 and 109.
(5)Hysteresis value, from 0% to 99%
(6)Latency time, from 0 to 99 seconds
(7)Output trigger type. n=normal (the relay is active for the duration of the alarm), p=pulsed (the alarm
triggering generates a pulse).
(8) Alarm type: M=max; m=min
The procedure for alarm 2 is identical.
Alarm on all the three phases. The symbols L1, L2 and L3 are flashing
(voltage,current and THD only).
5.1.2.5.1 Alarm set up with Modbus registers.
To set up the alarm t the Modbus Holding Registers from 95 to 106 have to be used.
Refer to chapter 9 for the details.
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Page 25
5.1.2.6 Analog 4-20 mA Outputs Configuration.
The instrument supports two 4-20 mA or 0-20 mA analog outputs with 500 ohms maximum load. Each output
is to one of the parameters handled by the instrument.
The output is updated every 10 cycles of the network frequency (i.e. every 200mSec with 50 Hz mains) with
a maximum delay of 50 mSec from the actual measurement.
(A)Output identification, A.o.1 = Analog output 1.
(1) Parameter applying. The possible choices are:
-- Disabled
U Voltage
f Frequency
I Current
P Active Power
Q Reactive Power
S Apparent Power
λ (PF) Power Factor
THD
THD
U
I
Total Harmonic Distortion (Voltage)
Total Harmonic Distortion (Current)
(2) Parameter definition: The possible choices are:
Average star value (applicable to voltage, current and THD only).
Average system value (applicable to voltage and THD only).
Neutral value (applicable to current only)
Three phase value (applicable to active, reactive and apparent power only)
L1 Phase 1 Value.
L2 Phase 2 Value.
L3 Phase 3 Value.
25
Page 26
L1-L2 Phase-phase (L1-L2) value (applicable to system voltages and THD only)
L2-L3 Phase-phase (L2-L3) value (applicable to system voltages and THD only)
L3-L1 Phase-phase (L3-L1) value applicable to system voltages and THD only)
AVG Average value (applicable to average powers - demand - only).
(3) Threshold voltage: programmable in the range –1999 +1999
(4) The quantity can be scaled by powers of ten by using the m, K, M symbols and the decimal point.
Range is between 10-3 and 109.
(5) Beginning of range value (4 or 0 mA), programmable from –1999 to 1999.
(6) It can be associated to the above value and it identifies it as end of scale value (end of range
symbol). It cannot be modified.
(7) Associated to the value above identifies it as beginning of range value (empty on 0 mA, two marks
on 4 mA). It cannot be changed
(8) Output type: 4-20 mA or 0-20 mA.
Output 2 requires the same procedure
5.1.2.6.1 Analog output set up with Modbus registers.
To set up the analog output the Modbus Holding Registers from 80 to 91 have to be used.
Refer to chapter 9 for the details.
5.1.2.6.2 4-20 mA output configuration of the average AVG values
In Import-Export mode, the instrument can provide the measuring on the 4 dials, but the selection can be
made on a dial at a time.
In selection mode, the measures are visualized as follows:
Imported Active Power (import)
Inductive reactive Power with imported Active Power.
Capacitive reactive Power with imported Active Power
Apparent Power with imported Active Power
Exported Active Power (export)
Inductive reactive Power with exported Active Power
Capacitive reactive Power with exported Active Power
Apparent Power with exported Active Power
The quadrant selection is operated according to the following
trigonometric convention:
26
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5.1.2.7 Clock calendar configuration (for X3M-D only)
The X3M-D is equipped with a clock/calendar with internal battery having a 15 years life time.
The clock/calendar supports the time zone handling functions and the automatic change from Standard Time
to Daylight Saving Time and vice versa.
The instrument is set by default to the Europe/Rome time and time zone.
The clock/calendar setting is covered by the last two SETUP pages.
Clock format
The following Time formats are foreseen:
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC): commonly known as GMT (Greenwich Mean Time): it is the
universal time, applicable to any place on earth.
Standard Time: it is the local time of a specific time zone, based on the sun cycles (known as Solar
Time
Daylight Saving Time it is the local time of a specific time zone when an offset on standard time is
applied (DST offset). The introduction of this offset allows to increase the availability of hours with
natural light in the summer evenings.
Wall time: it is how we refer to the clock time in each time zone. The Wall time actually coincides with
the Daylight Saving Time or the Standard Time depending whether an offset Solar time is
occurring or not.
The difference between Standard Time and UTC time is called GMT offset.
Summarizing:
GMT offset = UTC – Standard Time
Wall Time = Standard Time + DST offset = UTC + GMT offset + DST offset
The instrument RTC supports the following time information:
• UTC Date/time
• Time zone identification
Starting from the UTC time, the instrument automatically calculates the local time (Wall Time) of any place
on earth
The pertinent time zone is entered to the instrument by a numeric index (time zone index) either on the set
up procedure or on a MODBUS register.
NOTE:
The clock is updated by using the local time or “wall time” that the instrument converts in UTC, consequently,
if the time zone is wrong, the clock will be wrong too.
The instrument clock operates in UTC, therefore a correct time zone attribution is essential. Check
whether the time zone entry is correct before modifying the clock. Otherwise a wrong time setting
could be involuntarily programmed
(1) It identifies the time programming page N° 1.
(2) Time zone 334 = Europe/Rome is valid all over central Europe. See the enclosed layout to identify
the right time zone
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(3) Time Configuration in hours and minutes. Starting the selection the configuration is
Pushing the button
first the hours then the minutes. The hour change will occur only exiting the programming mode.
The hour change will influence the data storage thus it is important to operate modifications only if
strictly necessary, otherwise leave to the instrument management software the clock update.. If
you maintain the configuration
edited and clock changes be avoided, it is necessary to set the display to
located after the last valid hour or minute (i.e. beyond 11 pm or under 12 am).
(4) Identifies the standard time.
summer time.
(5) Identifies the clock set up page.
and it is possible to visualize the actual time and date and modify them,
the clock will not be modified. Should modifications be
which is
while identifies the daylight saving or
In the second page of clock set up it is possible to program the calendar.
(6) It identifies the time programming page N° 2.
(7) Area of calendar setting and starting from left: year, month, day
it is possible to avoid the modification saving, switching to the initial position
which does not save modifications.
. Even for the date
5.1.2.7.1 Clock set up with Modbus registers.
To set up the calendar clock the Modbus Holding Registers from 140 to 165 have to be used.
Refer to chapter 9 for the details.
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5.1.2.7.2 Time zones
The pertinent time zone is entered to the instrument by a numeric index (time zone index).
The time zone index and the standard time zone names are shown in the charts below:
Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
Africa/Abidjan
Africa/Accra
Africa/Addis_Ababa
Africa/Algiers
Africa/Asmera
Africa/Bamako
Africa/Bangui
Africa/Banjul
Africa/Bissau
Africa/Blantyre
Africa/Brazzaville
Africa/Bujumbura
Africa/Cairo
Africa/Casablanca
Africa/Ceuta
Africa/Conakry
Africa/Dakar
Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
Africa/Djibouti
Africa/Douala
Africa/El_Aaiun
Africa/Freetown
Africa/Gaborone
Africa/Harare
Africa/Johannesburg
Africa/Kampala
Africa/Khartoum
Africa/Kigali
Africa/Kinshasa
Africa/Lagos
Africa/Libreville
Africa/Lome
Africa/Luanda
Africa/Lubumbashi
Africa/Lusaka
Africa/Malabo
Africa/Maputo
Africa/Maseru
Africa/Mbabane
Africa/Mogadishu
Africa/Monrovia
Africa/Nairobi
Africa/Ndjamena
Africa/Niamey
Africa/Nouakchott
Africa/Ouagadougou
Africa/Porto-Novo
Africa/Sao_Tome
Africa/Timbuktu
X3M-D
Timezone Index
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
Africa/Tripoli
Africa/Tunis
Africa/Windhoek
America/Adak
America/Anchorage
America/Anguilla
America/Antigua
America/Araguaina
America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires
America/Argentina/Catamarca
America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia
America/Argentina/Cordoba
America/Argentina/Jujuy
America/Argentina/La_Rioja
America/Argentina/Mendoza
America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos
America/Argentina/San_Juan
America/Argentina/Tucuman
America/Argentina/Ushuaia
America/Aruba
America/Asuncion
America/Bahia
America/Barbados
America/Belem
America/Belize
America/Boa_Vista
America/Bogota
America/Boise
America/Cambridge_Bay
America/Campo_Grande
America/Cancun
America/Caracas
America/Cayenne
America/Cayman
America/Chicago
America/Chihuahua
America/Costa_Rica
America/Cuiaba
America/Curacao
America/Danmarkshavn
America/Dawson
America/Dawson_Creek
America/Denver
America/Detroit
America/Dominica
America/Edmonton
America/Eirunepe
America/El_Salvador
America/Fortaleza
X3M-D
Timezone Index
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
66
71
400
76
109
401
121
402
403
404
405
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
67
68
69
70
72
73
74
75
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
29
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Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
America/Glace_Bay
America/Godthab
America/Goose_Bay
America/Grand_Turk
America/Grenada
America/Guadeloupe
America/Guatemala
America/Guayaquil
America/Guyana
America/Halifax
America/Havana
America/Hermosillo
America/Indiana/Knox
America/Indiana/Marengo
America/Indiana/Vevay
America/Indianapolis
America/Inuvik
America/Iqaluit
America/Jamaica
America/Juneau
America/Kentucky/Monticello
America/La_Paz
America/Lima
America/Los_Angeles
America/Louisville
America/Maceio
America/Managua
America/Manaus
America/Martinique
America/Mazatlan
America/Menominee
America/Merida
America/Mexico_City
America/Miquelon
America/Monterrey
America/Montevideo
America/Montreal
America/Montserrat
America/Nassau
America/New_York
America/Nipigon
America/Nome
America/Noronha
America/North_Dakota/Center
America/Panama
America/Pangnirtung
America/Paramaribo
America/Phoenix
America/Port_of_Spain
America/Port-au-Prince
America/Porto_Velho
America/Puerto_Rico
America/Rainy_River
X3M-D
Timezone Index
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
141
140
142
143
144
Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
America/Rankin_Inlet
America/Recife
America/Regina
America/Rio_Branco
America/Santiago
America/Santo_Domingo
America/Sao_Paulo
America/Scoresbysund
America/St_Johns
America/St_Kitts
America/St_Lucia
America/St_Thomas
America/St_Vincent
America/Swift_Current
America/Tegucigalpa
America/Thule
America/Thunder_Bay
America/Tijuana
America/Toronto
America/Tortola
America/Vancouver
America/Whitehorse
America/Winnipeg
America/Yakutat
America/Yellowknife
Antarctica/Casey
Antarctica/Davis
Antarctica/DumontDUrville
Antarctica/Mawson
Antarctica/McMurdo
Antarctica/Palmer
Antarctica/Rothera
Antarctica/Syowa
Antarctica/Vostok
Asia/Aden
Asia/Almaty
Asia/Amman
Asia/Anadyr
Asia/Aqtau
Asia/Aqtobe
Asia/Ashgabat
Asia/Baghdad
Asia/Bahrain
Asia/Baku
Asia/Bangkok
Asia/Beirut
Asia/Bishkek
Asia/Brunei
Asia/Calcutta
Asia/Choibalsan
Asia/Chongqing
Asia/Colombo
Asia/Damascus
X3M-D
Timezone Index
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
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Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
Asia/Dhaka
Asia/Dili
Asia/Dubai
Asia/Dushanbe
Asia/Gaza
Asia/Harbin
Asia/Hong_Kong
Asia/Hovd
Asia/Irkutsk
Asia/Jakarta
Asia/Jayapura
Asia/Jerusalem
Asia/Kabul
Asia/Kamchatka
Asia/Karachi
Asia/Kashgar
Asia/Katmandu
Asia/Krasnoyarsk
Asia/Kuala_Lumpur
Asia/Kuching
Asia/Kuwait
Asia/Macau
Asia/Magadan
Asia/Makassar
Asia/Manila
Asia/Muscat
Asia/Nicosia
Asia/Novosibirsk
Asia/Omsk
Asia/Oral
Asia/Phnom_Penh
Asia/Pontianak
Asia/Pyongyang
Asia/Qatar
Asia/Qyzylorda
Asia/Rangoon
Asia/Riyadh
Asia/Saigon
Asia/Sakhalin
Asia/Samarkand
Asia/Seoul
Asia/Shanghai
Asia/Singapore
Asia/Taipei
Asia/Tashkent
Asia/Tbilisi
Asia/Tehran
Asia/Thimphu
Asia/Tokyo
Asia/Ulaanbaatar
Asia/Urumqi
Asia/Vientiane
Asia/Vladivostok
X3M-D
Timezone Index
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
Asia/Yakutsk
Asia/Yekaterinburg
Asia/Yerevan
Atlantic/Azores
Atlantic/Bermuda
Atlantic/Canary
Atlantic/Cape_Verde
Atlantic/Faeroe
Atlantic/Madeira
Atlantic/Reykjavik
Atlantic/South_Georgia
Atlantic/St_Helena
Atlantic/Stanley
Australia/Adelaide
Australia/Brisbane
Australia/Broken_Hill
Australia/Darwin
Australia/Hobart
Australia/Lindeman
Australia/Lord_Howe
Australia/Melbourne
Australia/Perth
Australia/Sydney
CET
EET
Etc/GMT
Etc/GMT+1
Etc/GMT+10
Etc/GMT+11
Etc/GMT+12
Etc/GMT+2
Etc/GMT+3
Etc/GMT+4
Etc/GMT+5
Etc/GMT+6
Etc/GMT+7
Etc/GMT+8
Etc/GMT+9
Etc/GMT-1
Etc/GMT-10
Etc/GMT-11
Etc/GMT-12
Etc/GMT-13
Etc/GMT-14
Etc/GMT-2
Etc/GMT-3
Etc/GMT-4
Etc/GMT-5
Etc/GMT-6
Etc/GMT-7
Etc/GMT-8
Etc/GMT-9
Etc/UCT
X3M-D
Timezone Index
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
31
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Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
Etc/UTC
Europe/Amsterdam
Europe/Andorra
Europe/Athens
Europe/Belfast
Europe/Belgrade
Europe/Berlin
Europe/Brussels
Europe/Bucharest
Europe/Budapest
Europe/Chisinau
Europe/Copenhagen
Europe/Dublin
Europe/Gibraltar
Europe/Helsinki
Europe/Istanbul
Europe/Kaliningrad
Europe/Kiev
Europe/Lisbon
Europe/London
Europe/Luxembourg
Europe/Madrid
Europe/Malta
Europe/Minsk
Europe/Monaco
Europe/Moscow
Europe/Oslo
Europe/Paris
Europe/Prague
Europe/Riga
Europe/Rome
Europe/Samara
Europe/Simferopol
Europe/Sofia
Europe/Stockholm
Europe/Tallinn
Europe/Tirane
Europe/Uzhgorod
Europe/Vaduz
Europe/Vienna
Europe/Vilnius
Europe/Warsaw
Europe/Zaporozhye
Europe/Zurich
Indian/Antananarivo
Indian/Chagos
Indian/Christmas
Indian/Cocos
Indian/Comoro
Indian/Kerguelen
Indian/Mahe
Indian/Maldives
Indian/Mauritius
X3M-D
Timezone Index
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
Standard Timezone Name (FW > 1.06)
Indian/Mayotte
Indian/Reunion
MET
Pacific/Apia
Pacific/Auckland
Pacific/Chatham
Pacific/Easter
Pacific/Efate
Pacific/Enderbury
Pacific/Fakaofo
Pacific/Fiji
Pacific/Funafuti
Pacific/Galapagos
Pacific/Gambier
Pacific/Guadalcanal
Pacific/Guam
Pacific/Honolulu
Pacific/Johnston
Pacific/Kiritimati
Pacific/Kosrae
Pacific/Kwajalein
Pacific/Majuro
Pacific/Marquesas
Pacific/Midway
Pacific/Nauru
Pacific/Niue
Pacific/Norfolk
Pacific/Noumea
Pacific/Pago_Pago
Pacific/Palau
Pacific/Pitcairn
Pacific/Ponape
Pacific/Port_Moresby
Pacific/Rarotonga
Pacific/Saipan
Pacific/Tahiti
Pacific/Tarawa
Pacific/Tongatapu
Pacific/Truk
Pacific/Wake
Pacific/Wallis
Pacific/Yap
WET
X3M-D
Timezone Index
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
32
Page 33
The X3M-D features a built-in database including all the information (time zone rules) which allow to
calculate the GMT and DST offsets at any time in each time zones listed in the charts. By knowing the
GMT and the DST offset, the instrument is able to convert from universal time to local time and vice versa.
The database with the time zone data is compiled from the pack distributed by elsie.nci.nih.gov
(tzdataXXXXX.tar.gz) and it is integrated in the instrument firmware. Database updates are therefore
possible only by installing a new version of firmware.
5.1.3 Reset Procedure
In order to reset the Average Powers, the Maximum Demand and the Energy counters it is necessary to:
- Enter into the programming menu by pressing the PROGRAM button.
- Press the
key to display the powers reset page or the key to display the energy counters reset
page.
- Select YES to reset, NO to skip. Resetting is confirmed by pressing the
key that executes the reset
and returns automatically to the readings pages.
- The reset operation clears all the average powers and the Maximum Demand.
It is also possible to exit the procedure, at any time without resetting, by pressing the PROGRAM button.
Pag. 33 di 152
Page 34
5.2 Readings
5.2.1 Readings selection keys
The visualization of the measurements is through buttons:
Voltage and frequency visualizations.
Current visualization.
Power visualization.
Power factor visualization
Energy visualization.
Functioning time visualization.
These buttons allow you to move up and down in the measurement pages.
This button is not used in measurement visualization.
5.2.1.1 Voltage and Frequency Readings
By pressing once the
voltages and, on the bottom right side of the display, the average 3-phase system voltage.
key, a first voltage readings page is prompted showing the phase-neutral
By pressing the
and, on the bottom right side of the display, the average phase-neutral system voltage.
Another pressure of the
phase.
By pressing again the
key, a second voltage readings page is prompted showing the phase-phase voltages
key prompts the total harmonic distortion readings of the voltage of each
key the frequency is shown on the lower right side on thedisplay.
5.2.1.1.1 3P 4 W Configuration
Pag. 34 di 152
Page 35
5.2.1.1.2 3P 3 W Configuration
5.2.1.1.3 3P-b 4W Configuration
5.2.1.1.4 3P-b 3W Configuration
5.2.1.1.5 1P 2W Configuration
5.2.1.1.6 2P 2W Configuration
Pag. 35 di 152
Page 36
5.2.1.2 Current readings
By pressing the key, the current readings page is prompted showing the currents of each phase as
well as the neutral current.
A pressure of the
key prompts the total harmonic distortion readings of the current of each phase.
5.2.1.2.1 3P 4W Configuration
5.2.1.2.2 3P 3W Configuration
5.2.1.2.3 3P-b 4W Configuration
5.2.1.2.4 3P-b 3W Configuration
5.2.1.2.5 1P 2W and 2P 2W Configuration
Pag. 36 di 152
Page 37
5.2.1.3 Powers
By pressing the
power are scrolled in sequence.
key the power reading pages for P Active Power, Q Reactive power and S Apparent
By pressing the
readings) are displayed.
and keys the average and the maximum powers (Demand and Maximum Demand
5.2.1.3.1 3P 4W Configuration
5.2.1.3.2 3P 4W only Import Configuration.
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5.2.1.3.3 3P 3W / 3P-b 3W / 2P 2W Configuration
5.2.1.3.4 3P-b 4W Configuration
5.2.1.3.5 1P 2W Configuration
Pag. 38 di 152
Page 39
5.2.1.4 P.F. Visualization
By pressing the
well as the 3-phase reading. Only one page is displayed.
The – sign ahead of the value identifies a capacitive (leading) reading.
key, the power factor readings page is prompted showing the PF of each phase as
5.2.1.4.1 3P 4W Configuration
5.2.1.4.2 3Pb 4W Configuration
5.2.1.4.3 3P 3W e 3Pb 3W Configuration
5.2.1.4.4 1P 2W e 2P 2W Configuration
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5.2.1.5 Energy
By pressing repeatedly the
lower right part of the screen.
The energy readings may be recalled at any time irrespective the readings page being displayed.
The energy readings will however disappear upon selection of another readings page but they may be
recalled, at any time, by pressing the
key, the several energy readings will be displayed consecutively on the
key.
The quadrant selection is operated according to the following
trigonometric convention:
Where:
+
) Imported active energy (import)
(
E
a
−
) Exported active energy (export)
(
E
a
+
E
(
) Inductive reactive energy with imported Active Power.
indr
+
E
(
(
(
(
(
) Capacitive reactive energy with imported Active Power
capr
−
E
) Inductive reactive energy with exported Active Power
indr
−
E
) Capacitive reactive energy with exported Active Power
capr
+
) Apparent Energy with imported Active Power
E
s
−
) Apparent Energy with exported Active Power
E
s
5.2.1.6 Only Import Energy Display
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Page 41
5.2.1.7 Tariff Energies and Tariff Maximum Demand
By pressing the
Max Demand of each tariff.
key for 2 seconds from any page, it is possible to display the Energy counters and the
The top left symbol identifies the parameter being displayed and the Maximum Demand reading is shown
next to it.
The tariff number is indicated on the top right while the energy reading is indicated below.
All the energy and MD readings applicable to the 8 parameters of a 4 quadrant measurement are
foreseen.
Press shortly the
Press the
To move back to the traditional reading mode, press the
NB
In the case the instrument is not loaded with a proper calendar file or in the case some tariffs are not
included in the calendar, dashes will be displayed in place of the readings.
and keys to scroll the different tariffs.
key to scroll the different parameters.
key again for 2 seconds.
5.2.1.8 Calendar Clock and Life Time
By pressing the
displayed.
The life time is the instrument operating time (when powered on) since it was manufactured.
The readings is expressed in hours and hour hundredths; it can reach 99.999 hours equal to 11 years. The
life time reading reset is not possible.
key the instrument calendar clock (time and date) and the life time reading are
Pag. 41 di 152
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6 Instrument Description
6.1 Introduction
X3M is a microprocessor based energy analyzer with high flexibility and accuracy.
The patented digital measuring system guarantees high performance with age and thermal stability. This is
achieved through sophisticated strategies of automatic offset compensation - used throughout the
measurement chain – and through a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) sampling probe.
The real time sampling of the three phases voltage and current, makes it suitable to supervise the voltage
and quick current variations quality.
It can verify when a maximum or minimum threshold is exceeded in every single voltage/current cycle
The automatic rescaling feature on current inputs allows a wide measuring range - from 20mA to 6A in
direct connection.
All “true-RMS” measures are obtained with continuous sampling of the voltage and current waveforms: this
guarantees maximum precision even when rapidly changing loads are present (e.g. electric welding
machines).
X3M can be programmed to analyze three phase networks, both on three and four wires with low or high
voltage with 1, 2 or 3 CTs in addition to single phase measurements. The option of setting any required
conversion factor on the voltage and current inputs makes X3M suitable for use in both high and low
voltage networks.
It can measure the energy and the Maximum Demand on the 4 quadrants (active, reactive and apparent)
divided according to the Tariff time bands with internal calendar. The instrument can handle 2 different
calendars, one of which operates while the other can be automatically activated at a programmed date and
time.
It contains a 2MByte flash disk memory where data are stored according to record files according to
ModBus standard and can be read and written using the ModBus functions: “write general file” and “read
general file”.
The time is kept by a compensated, stabilized quartz clock and can be extracted in most required formats.
By programming the time zone, the changes from standard to daylight saving time are automatically
handled in any country. The clock has a backup battery, with a 15 year lifetime, and can be set either
using the modbus protocol or the keyboard.
The instrument firmware is kept in flash memory and can be updated through a serial port, using the same
communication protocol. The upgrade uses special security provisions to ensure continued operations
even in presence of communication failures.
All input, output, and power supply ports are electrically separated for maximum safety and noise reduction
under any operating conditions.
The in-house testing and calibration process is completely automated: a conformity certificate and
calibration report are supplied with each unit.
The custom designed LCD display has three 3 ½ digit lines and a 7 digit line and an extended symbol and
character set, allowing the simultaneous display of 4 measurements. Three 11-segment bar graphs give
immediate feedback on the overall measuring process.
The wide keyboard, with its 9 silicon rubber coated keys, clearly marked with function, allows a simple and
intuitive use of the instrument.
X3M is completely programmable, from either the keyboard or a PC remote connection (only for models
with communication port). It is therefore the ideal solution for all the power measurement and management
needs in the industrial environment.
The instrument is equipped with two optically insulated transistor driven outputs with capacity load of 27
Vdc 27 mA according to 43864 Din standard.
They can be used either as pulse output or as alarm and are fully programmable by the user on different
parameters and with different pulse frequency and duration.
The factory setting is with one output is proportional to the active energy, while the other to the reactive
energy and an output frequency of 1000 pulses per kWh (or kvarh) and 50 ms pulse time.
The pulses number is referred to the instrument end of range without the CT and VT scale factors.
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6.2 Simplicity and versatility
Keyboard programming is extremely easy and allows setting of:
• Connection type (star and delta)
• Low Tension or Medium Tension
• Setting of CTs and VTs values (freely settable)
• Integration time (1-99 min.)
• RS485 features (speed, parity and data format)
• Alarm threshold for the Active Power.
• Analog output.
• Pulses
• ...and all other functions available
The sameFunctions can be programmed via PC
6.3 Total harmonic distortion Measurement (THD)
The instrument gives an evaluation of the energy quality by sampling the total harmonic distortion of the 3
voltages and 3 currents.
These functions are extremely useful to control the quality of the energy supplied by the Public Utility,
because of the large number of distorting loads in industrial plants.
6.4 Energy Measurement
Energy is displayed on a 6 digit display with floating point.
The energy counters are stored on counters with minimum definition equal to 0,1 Wh and maximum
counting equal to 99.999.999,9 kWh.
8 counters are available +Ea, -Ea, ++Er, -+Er, +-Er, --Er, +Es, -Es on 4 total quadrants and for each one
of the 8 tariff ranger
6.5 Storage
The instrument stores the following data according to user programmable services
• Load curves. It stores on files, according to a pre-defined schedule, the content of one or more
than one ModuBus registers (input registers and/or holding registers)
• System log. It includes the instrument history from the start with all the functioning altering
operations.
• Configuration log. It records the configuration modifications
• Event log. It records the following events on file:
o Power failure
Power voltage loss (power down).
Power voltage return (power up).
o Interruption
Loss of one or more phase voltage (phase-neutral or phase-phase if star
connected) below a programmable threshold value (voltage loss).
Return of one or more phase voltage above of a programmable threshold value
(voltage return)
o Over current
Overshoot of one or more line currents of the programmable threshold value
(over current).
Instrument reset
• RMS value maximum and minimum (1 Sec)
• Definition of the calendar ranges: it includes the tariff structure.
• Tariff counters: It includes the following energy counters +Ea, -Ea, ++Er, -+Er, +-Er, --Er, +Es, -Es
for the 4 quadrants and for each of the 8 tariff options.
• Peak values: contains the maximum - or peak - power values (averaged over the integration
period) on 4 quadrants or each of the 8 tariff options
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Page 44
6.6 Calibration Led
A red led is located on the instrument front panel pulsing with a 1000 pulse/kWh (or kvarh) and 50 ms
pulse duration. The pulses number is referred to the instrument end of range without the CT and VT scale
factors.
6.7 Digital Outputs
The two outputs are (mostly) used as pulse output on active/reactive power or as output for the internal
triggers. In other configurations, where the instruments is controlled – by a PC or PLC - through the RS485
port, the outputs can be used for signaling remote activation/deactivation.
6.8 Pulse Output
The two outputs, if in association with pulse, can be referred to one of the 8 power value available on a 4
quadrant system.
The output pulse can be freely programmed both on frequency and duration and referred to the instrument
Full Scale or to the measuring cell (with CT and PT) Full Scale.
It is possible to program the output value either according to pulse number and pulse weight
The two outputs are factory programmed one proportional to the active energy while the other to the
reactive energy, the output frequency is 1000 pulses per kWh (or kvarh) and 50 ms pulse time.
The pulses number is referred to the instrument Full Scale without the CT and TV scale factors.
6.9 Alarms
X3M is triggered and programmed by switchboard and/or Holding registers with MODBUS protocol.
The advanced functions of the Energy Brain configuration software allow to customize each of the two
alarms on any available parameter either as a minimum or max alarm. Two different thresholds of the
same measurement can be programmed.
Minimum value and maximum value special alarms on voltage are available that can be applied on any of
the three phases, one maximum value alarm on current that can be applied on any of the three phases
and an unbalanced alarm on any of the three current phases.
A further flexibility in customization is provided by the possibility to program the alarm management
through:
• Delay time (between 1 and 59 sec.) that is activation delay. Example: avoid alarms due to short
signal peaks.
• Hysteresis, that is the cycle between the alarm activation value and the alarm deactivation value. It
is an extremely useful function to avoid ringing and false triggering. Example: Current alarm set on
100A Max with 5% Hysteresis. The alarm is activated at 100 A and is deactivated at 95 A. The two
alarms can be associated singularly to:
• Output relays. In this case the output relays are activated by the exceeded threshold
• RS485 data line. The relays are disabled and the alarm consolidation are disabled and the alarm
condition is available as information on information on RS485. data line.
6.10 Communication
The device can be connected to a PC through an optional RS485 or RS232 port using the MODBUS
communication protocol (MODBUS, developed by AEG-MODICON, is a standard in the PLC industry and
widely utilized by SCADA systems for industrial plants management).
Data read by the device can be read as the content of numeric registers, in the standard
mantissa/exponent floating point IEEE format.
The communication port can be operated at any speed between 2400 bps through 38400 bps without wait
states between 2 requests with a limitation on the number of registers equal to 124 registers (62
parameters)
When using the optional RS485 port, the connection uses a standard telephone pair without need of signal
regeneration/amplification for distances up to 1,000 m. Up to 128 devices can be connected on the same
network branch. Using line amplifiers, it is possible to connect up to 247 instruments or 1,000 m network
segments.
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Page 45
6.11 Clock / Calendar
X3M is equipped with a clock/calendar provided with a 15 years buffer battery.
It is updated when manufactured with the Europe/Rome time and time zone The clock/calendar is
equipped with the time zone managing functions.
It manages the automatic change from Standard Time to Daylight Saving Time and vice versa
6.11.1 Clock Format
The following Times are programmed”:
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC): previously known as GMT (Greenwich Mean Time): it is the
universal time, shared by any earth location
Standard Time: it is the local time of a specific time zone, based on the sun cycles (known as
Standard Time
Daylight Saving Time it is the local time of a specific time zone when an offset on standard time is
valid (DST offset). The introduction of this offset allows to increase the natural light duration in
the summer evenings.
Wall time: it is how we refer to the clock time in ach time zone. The Wall time is equal to Daylight
Saving Time or to Standard Time according to weather an offset on sun cycle time is occurring
or not.
The difference between Standard Time and UTC time is named GMT offset.
Summarizing:
GMT offset = UTC – Standard Time
Wall Time = Standard Time + DST offset = UTC + GMT offset + DST offset
The instrument RTC stores the following time information:
• Date/time
• UTC;
• It identifies the time zone it belongs to.
X3M, starting from the UTC time can autonomously calculate the local time (Wall Time) of any place on
earth
The zone it belongs to is indicated to the instrument through a numeric index (time zone index) either on
the display or on a MODBUS register.
6.12 Memory
Non volatile data memory without buffer battery, capable to store data for more than 15 years.
It is structured as a disk with file system and directory and it can be accessed via Modbus protocol.
6.12.1 Dimensions
2 Mbytes Flash Disk
2.088.960 bytes available space
Organized in 4096 allocation units from 510 bytes each.
As each file occupies at least an allocation unit, a maximum of 4096 files can coexist on disk
6.12.2 Memory Read/Write.
Disk access via Modbus functions.
“Write General File”.
“Read General File”.
The data on disk are organized in record files, as per ModBus standard
6.12.3 File Structure
Each file is individualized by a numeric index of 2 bytes (FILE NUMBER, from 0 to 65535).
It can contain max 10000 records, addressed from 0 to 9999.
Each record can be max 238 bytes.
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Page 46
6.12.4 Record Structure
All the records of the same file must have the same size and the same structure.
The only exception is represented by the 0 record, which can have different dimension and structure from
the successive records (from 1 to 9999).
6.13 Average and peak Energy
While the X3M was designed to measure energy consumption (the so called import mode), it can be
configured to work in import/export mode. When in import mode, the device automatically compensates
wiring errors on CTs (e.g. for current flow). On the other hand, when in import/export mode, all the energy,
average and peak counters are open for measures in the four quadrants.
6.14 Tariff Time Bands
It is possible to store, inside the instrument, a calendar file which organizes the consume according to
different tariff bands. The tariff scheme can present different values during the day and the day scheme
can present different formats during the year.
It is possible to have a maximum of 8 tariffs with max 24 tariff changes a day.
Thanks to its internal clock, the instrument can divide the energy consumes on 8 different tariff counters
(range) which are stored inside the data memory
The peak values are memorized in the same way (Max Demand) for each tariff on another memory file.
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Page 47
7 System Architecture
7.1 General Features
7.1.1 X3M
Energy and Supply quality Analyzer
Very accurate and stable measurement system thanks to the digital signal elaboration;
Continuous sampling of the wave shape of voltages and currents;
Offset automatic compensation of the measurement chain;
Current inputs with automatic scale change;
True-RMS measurements (up to the 31
Class 1 on the Active Power in compliance with IEC EN 61036;
Neutral current calculation;
Working temperature -20/+60 °C.
Clock/calendar provide 15 years back up battery with management of standard/daylight saving
time (DST Daylight Saving Time) time zones
Insertion on electric single phase networks and on balanced symmetrical three phase 3 wire
networks
Software upgrade on line
Life Timer;
Backlit 256 segments 63 x 65 mm LCD display with white electro-luminescent lamp;
Immediate measurement indication through bargraph;
Calibration verification LED through optical devices;
Easy to use, thanks to the 9 button keyboard with explicit function indication;
Insertion on electric 3 phase unbalanced 3 or 4 wire networks, single phase networks and on
balanced symmetrical three phase 3or 4 wire networks
To be used with low or high voltages (programmable relationship between VTs and CTs);
Extended range power supply (85
inputs;
2 slots for optional expansion modules:
− RS-232 o RS-485 Communication port;
− 4-20 mA Double analogue output;
− Further devices for future applications;
Galvanic insulation among all input and output ports;
Firmware which can be upgraded to support new functions;
Din 96 x 96 mm panel mounting;
Easy connection thanks to plug in terminals (with safety screws);
Compliant with all the international standards.
Measurement of voltage and current total harmonic distortion;
Measurement of the total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltages and currents;
Average and peak powers (on 4 displays) with programmable integration time;
Internal energy counters (on 4 displays).
2 digital outputs (DIN 43864) with programmable functions:
− Pulse outputs for energy counting;
− Event signaling (alarms);
− Remote control of external devices.
Data Memory
− Dimensions
2 Mbytes Flash disk.
2.088.960 bytes available memory.
Organized in 4096 allocation units from 510 bytes each.
As each file occupies at least an allocation unit a maximum of 4096 files can co-
exist on disk
− Reading.
Disk Access via Modbus functions.
st
harmonic);
÷
265 Vac, 100 ÷ 374 Vdc) separated by the measurement
Pag. 47 di 152
Page 48
• “Write General File”.
• “Read General File”.
The data on disk are organized in record files, according to ModBus standard.
− Files Structure
Each file is identified by a numeric index of 2 bytes (FILE NUMBER, from 0 to
65535).
It can store a maximum of 10000 records, addressed from 0 to 9999.
Each record cannot be more than 238 bytes.
7.1.2 Options
7.1.2.1 RS485 Port
RS485 optically insulated interface module with programmable speed from 2400 bps to 38400 bps.
It is connected to the instrument via a connector and then can be easily fixed at the back with screws.
It can be network connected with other instruments up to 1000 m maximum distance and up to 128
instruments. For longer distances or more instruments, an amplifier is necessary.
7.1.2.2 RS232 Port
RS232 optically insulated interface module with programmable speed from 2400 bps to 38400 bps.
It is connected to the instrument via a connector and then can be easily fixed at the back with screws.
7.1.2.3 2 x 4-20 mA Analog Output
4-20 o 0-20 mA analogue double output, galvanically insulated with high precision and reliability.
The output is the result of a conversion from digital to analogue with definition higher than 10 bit,
maintaining the original measurement accuracy.
The two outputs can be linked to any measurement parameter with update every 200 ms on primary
parameters.
For the average power the output update is every minute due to the parameter itself.
It can be set to a 0 value (4 or 0 mA) a positive or negative value of the selected parameter and to
nevertheless set to 20 mA end of scale, a lower value than the instrument end of scale. The end of scale
provides for an operation margin up to 24 mA.
If the parameter has a value different from the set ones, the output will be 0 mA.
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Page 49
8 Parameters and formulas
For each type of connection, the available readings as well as the formulas used for their calculation are
provided.
The redings not available will be displayed as
8.1 3P 4W Three phase with 4 wire neutral
1
N
3
2
in place of the value.
I
1
1
I
1N
I
3N
I
3
I
2
N
U
1N
I
2N
23
U
2N
U
3N
Current inputs
8.1.1 Available Reading:
1 Frequency:
Voltage frequency
Phase Voltages:
Average Phase Voltages:
Phase-phase Voltages:
Mean Phase-phase Voltage:
Phase Current:
Neutral Current:
Mean three phase Current:
Phase Voltages THD:
Mean 3 phase voltage THD:
Phase Current THD:
Mean 3 phase current THD:
: f
NV1
2 RMS amplitude:
U ,
U ,31U
12
23
3 Total harmonic Distortion (in percentage):
Voltage inputs
,
NU1
U
λ
U
∆
I ,2I ,
1
I
N
I
Σ
THD
U
THD
THD ,
I
1
THD
I
Σ
,
NU2
I
3
,
THD
N
1
U
λ
THD ,
NU3
U
N
2
THD
I
2
,
THD
U
N
3
I
3
4 Power (on the short period):
Phase Active Powers:
3 Phase Active Power:
Phase reactive Powers:
3 Phase Reactive Power:
Phase apparent Powers:
P ,2P ,
1
P
3
P
Σ
Q ,2Q ,
Q
S
Q
1
Σ
,
1
3
S
,
S
2
3
Pag. 49 di 152
Page 50
λ
λ
λ
λ
S
3 Phase Apparent Power:
Σ
5 Power Factor:
Phase Power Factor:
3 Phase Power Factor:
,
,
1
2
3
Σ
6 Energies:
Active Energy (import):
Active Energy (export):
Inductive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Inductive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Apparent Energy with import Active Power:
Apparent Energy with export Active Power:
7 Average Power integrated over the programmed integration period
“Sliding Average”,
Average import Active Power:
Average export Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average apparent Power with import Active Power:
Average apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
E
a
−
E
a
+
E
indr
+
E
capr
−
E
indr
−
E
capr
+
E
s
−
E
s
+
P
AVG
−
P
AVG
+
Q
indAVG
+
Q
capAVG
−
Q
indAVG
−
Q
capAVG
+
S
AVG
−
S
AVG
8 Maximum Demand:
M.D. of import Active Power
M.D. of export Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
−
P
+
Q
+
Q
−
Q
−
Q
+
S
−
S
..DM
..DM
indDM
..
capDM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..
..DM
..DM
9 Time:
Life Timer t
Pag. 50 di 152
Page 51
M
M
8.1.2 Measurement Formulas:
Phase Voltages:
=
U ;
Phase-phase Voltages:
U
1
M
where:
() () ()
is the number of samples taken over a period (64);
Star Voltages THD
=
THD
THD
THD
100
U
1
N
100
=
U
2
N
=
100
U
3
N
Line Currents (coincident with the phase currents):
1
=
I
M
() () ()
Neutral Current
Phase Currents THD
=
THD
100
I
1
,
,
NU1
NU2
−
1
M
1
M
M
∑
n
−
1
=
0
2
()
∑
=
n
[]
2
N
2
N
2
N
nU
NN
11
0
U ,
12
() ()
−=
nUnU
2112
NN
nUnUnU
,, are the star voltage samples;
NNN 321
THD
U
N
1
−
N
1
⎧
⎡
⎪
⎨
⎢
⎪
⎣
⎩
⎧
⎡
⎪
⎨
⎢
⎪
⎣
⎩
⎧
⎡
⎪
⎨
⎢
⎪
⎣
⎩
nU
N
1
=
n
0
−
N
1
nU
N
2
=
n
0
−
N
1
nU
N
3
=
n
0
NU3
−
1
M
1
=
U ;
N
U ,31U
23
2
;
U
,
THD
cos)(
cos)(
cos)(
⎛
⎜
⎝
⎛
⎜
⎝
⎛
⎜
⎝
,
THD
U
N
2
−
N
1
2
∑
N
1
=
n
0
2
⎤
2
n
⎞
+
⎟
⎥
N
⎠
⎦
−
N
1
2
∑
N
2
=
n
0
2
⎤
2
n
⎞
+
⎟
⎥
N
⎠
⎦
−
N
1
2
∑
N
3
=
n
0
2
⎤
n
2
⎞
+
⎟
⎥
N
⎠
⎦
∑
M
=
0
n
−
1
M
1
[]
∑
M
=
0
n
in %
U
N
3
)(
nU
−
N
1
⎡
∑∑
⎢
=
n
0
⎣
)(
nU
−
N
1
⎡
∑∑
⎢
=
n
0
⎣
)(
nU
−
N
1
⎡
∑∑
⎢
=
n
0
⎣
sin)(
nU
N
1
sin)(
nU
N
2
nU
sin)(
N
3
−
1
M
2
()
;
nI
∑
11
=
0
n
nInInI
,, are the samples of the line currents.
321
I
N
:
THD
1
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
N
⎪
⎩
nI
1
⎢
0
=
n
⎣
,
THD
I
1
N
∑
n
n
2
⎛
cos)(
⎜
N
⎝
=
I
I
N
M
,
THD
I
2
1
−
2
)(
nI
1
0
=
2
1
−
N
⎤
⎡
⎞
+
⎟
∑∑
⎥
⎢
⎠
0
=
n
⎦
⎣
−
1
M
1
M
M
1
∑
nI
1
2
∑
22
=
0
n
−
1
() () ()
[]
=
0
n
I
3
2
ππ
⎛
sin)(
⎜
N
⎝
2
()
nU
N
22
3223
NN
n
⎞
⎟
⎠
n
⎞
⎟
⎠
n
⎞
⎟
⎠
,, III
2
nUnU
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
321
++=
321
() ()
−=
2
ππ
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
2
ππ
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
2
ππ
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
()
;
nI
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
n
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
1
M
1
=
U
N
M
;
U
1
M
2
()
∑
=
n
M
∑
n
=
nU
N
33
0
−
1
() ()
[]
0
−=
1331
1
1
1
−
1
M
1
=
I
M
2
nInInI
∑
n
=
0
2
()
nI
33
2
nUnU
NN
Pag. 51 di 152
Page 52
=
=
λλλ
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
++=
++=
λ
1
−
N
2
)(
THD
THD
nI
∑
2
0
=
100
=
I
2
100
=
I
3
1
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
N
⎪
⎩
⎧
2
⎪
⎨
N
⎪
⎩
nI
2
⎢
0
=
n
⎣
1
−
N
⎡
nI
3
⎢
0
=
n
⎣
n
2
1
−
N
⎡
cos)(
⎜
⎝
⎛
cos)(
⎜
⎝
+
⎟
∑∑
2
⎢
⎥
N
⎠
−
N
∑
=
n
n
2
⎞
⎟
N
⎠
0
=
n
⎣
⎦
1
2
nI
)(
3
0
2
1
−
N
⎡
⎤
+
∑∑
3
⎢
⎥
0
=
n
⎣
⎦
⎤
2
n
⎞
⎛
2
n
ππ
⎞
⎛
sin)(
nI
sin)(
nI
⎟
⎜
N
⎠
⎝
2
n
ππ
⎞
⎛
⎟
⎜
N
⎠
⎝
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
Phase Active Powers:
−
1
M
1
=
P ;
M
∑
=
n
N
0
() ()
111
,, PPP ;
321
−
1
M
nInU
1
=
P ;
M
∑
n
=
0
() ()
nInU
222
N
=
P
M
−
1
M
1
∑
n
=
0
() ()
nInU
333
N
Phase reactive Powers:
M
1
−
Q
Q
M
M
1
∑
n
M
1
∑
n
()()
N 1
11
0
=
−
1
N 3
33
=
0
Phase apparent Powers:
Phase Power Factors
4
+= ;
()()
+=
:
,, QQQ
321
nIMnU
nIMnU
4
,, SSS
321
P
,,
321
1
=
λ
1
S
1
Q
IUS
111
()
Qsign
1
M
M
1
−
1
∑
n
=
λ
2
()()
+= ;
N 2
22
0
=
IUS
222
P
2
()
Qsign
S
2
2
nIMnU
4
λ
IUS =
333
P
3
()
=
3
S
Qsign
3
3
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
UUU
Average star Voltage
Mean phase-phase Voltage
Average THD of the star voltages
Three phase Current
U
λ
U
:
I
Σ
Average THD of the phase currents
Total Active Power:
Total reactive Power:
Total apparent Power:
3 Phase Power Factor:
S
P
Q
Σ
Σ
∆
THD
:
THD
Σ
Σ
=
U
λ
U
=
∆
λ
I
Σ
THD
I
Σ
THD
λ
Σ
U
U
λ
S
=
U
∆
I
Σ
Σ
Σ
P
Σ
= Qsign
S
Σ
=
Σ
=
3
3
22
+= QPS
ΣΣΣ
()
3
PPPP
Σ
321 NNN
UUU
312312
THDTHDTHD
+
UUU
321 NNN
3
THDTHDTHD
III
321
3
321
QQQQ
321
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
Pag. 52 di 152
Page 53
λ
8.2 3P 3W Three phase without neutral
I
1
3
2
1
I
3
I
2
Current inputs
1
U
U
U
Voltage inputs
12
23
31
I
I
31
3
12
I
23
2
8.2.1 Available Reading:
1 Frequency:
Voltage frequency
Phase-phase Voltages:
Mean Phase-phase Voltage:
Line Currents:
Mean three phase Current:
: f
NV1
2 RMS amplitude:
U ,
U ,31U
12
23
U
∆
I ,2I ,
1
I
Σ
I
3
3 Total harmonic distortion (in percentage):
THD of the Phase to phase Voltages
Average THD of the Phase to phase Voltages
THD of the line currents:
Average THD of the line currents
4 Power (on the short period):
3 Phase Active Power:
3 Phase Reactive Power:
3 Phase Apparent Power:
5 Power Factor:
3 Phase Power Factor:
6 Energies:
Active Energy (import):
Active Energy (export):
Inductive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Inductive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
+
E
a
THD ,
U
12
THD
∆U
THD ,
I
1
THD
I
Σ
P
Σ
Q
Σ
S
Σ
Σ
−
E
a
+
E
indr
+
E
capr
−
E
indr
−
E
capr
THD ,
THD ,
U
23
THD
I
2
THD
U
31
I
3
Pag. 53 di 152
Page 54
+
Apparent Energy with import Active Power:
Apparent Energy with export Active Power:
E
s
−
E
s
7 Average Power integrated over the programmed integration period
“Sliding Average”,:
Import average Active Power:
Export average Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average apparent Power with import Active Power:
Average apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
AVG
−
P
AVG
+
Q
indAVG
+
Q
capAVG
−
Q
indAVG
−
Q
capAVG
+
S
AVG
−
S
AVG
8 Maximum demand:
M.D. of import Active Power:
M.D. of export Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
−
P
+
Q
+
Q
−
Q
−
Q
+
S
−
S
..DM
..DM
indDM
..
capDM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..
..DM
..DM
9 Time:
Life Timer t
Pag. 54 di 152
Page 55
8.2.2 Measurement Formulas:
Phase-phase Voltages:
−
1
M
1
=
U ;
M
∑
=
n
2
()
nU
1212
0
() () ()
nUnUnU
,, are the Phase to phase Voltages samples.
312312
M is the number of samples taken over a period (64)
Phase to phase Voltages THD
=
THD
THD
THD
100
U
12
100
=
U
23
=
100
U
31
1
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
⎪
⎣
⎩
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
⎪
⎣
⎩
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
⎪
⎣
⎩
nU
12
0
=
n
1
−
N
nU
23
0
=
n
1
−
N
nU
31
0
=
n
Phase Current:
,, III
321
−
1
M
1
=
I ;
M
∑
=
n
0
2
()
nI
11
() () ()
Phase Current THD
nInInI
,, are the line current samples.
321
:
THD ,
=
THD
THD
100
I
1
100
=
I
2
−
N
1
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
n
⎪
⎣
⎩
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
n
⎪
⎣
⎩
cos)(
nI
1
=
0
1
−
cos)(
nI
2
0
=
,, UUU
312312
1
=
U ;
M
cos)(
cos)(
cos)(
THD ,
N
∑
=
n
n
2
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
N
∑
=
n
2
n
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
N
∑
=
n
n
2
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
I ;
−
−
−
1
0
⎞
⎟
⎠
1
0
⎞
⎟
⎠
1
0
⎞
⎟
⎠
U
12
2
⎤
⎥
⎦
2
23
2
⎤
⎥
⎦
31
2
⎤
⎥
⎦
THD ,
12
2
)(
nU
N
⎡
+
∑∑
⎢
n
⎣
)(
nU
N
⎡
+
∑∑
⎢
n
⎣
2
)(
nU
N
⎡
+
∑∑
⎢
n
⎣
=
1
−
0
=
1
−
0
=
1
−
0
=
1
M
THD ,
I
1
2
⎛
⎜
⎝
2
⎛
⎜
⎝
N
THD
I
2
−
N
1
2
)(
nI
∑
1
=
n
0
2
−
N
⎤
n
⎞
⎟
⎥
⎠
⎦
1
−
N
∑
0
=
n
n
⎞
⎟
N
⎠
1
⎡
+
∑∑
⎢
=
n
0
⎣
2
)(
nI
2
2
1
−
N
⎡
⎤
+
∑∑
⎢
⎥
0
=
n
⎣
⎦
I
3
1
2
M
∑
n
12
23
31
M
−
=
∑
=
n
nI
nI
1
0
U
23
nU
sin)(
nU
sin)(
nU
sin)(
−
1
22
0
sin)(
sin)(
2
()
nU
2323
THD in %
U
31
−
2
⎫
⎤
n
2
ππ
⎪
⎞
⎛
⎟
⎜
⎝
⎛
⎜
⎝
⎛
⎜
⎝
2
()
nI
2
⎛
⎜
⎝
2
⎛
⎜
⎝
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
2
⎫
⎤
ππ
n
2
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
2
⎫
⎤
n
2
ππ
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
2
⎫
⎤
n
ππ
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
2
⎫
⎤
ππ
n
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
1
M
1
=
U
1
M
∑
=
n
0
1
1
−
1
M
1
=
I
M
1
1
∑
=
n
0
2
()
33
2
()
3131
nI
nU
Pag. 55 di 152
Page 56
+
+
+
+
λ
1
−
N
2
)(
nI
∑
3
0
=
2
⎛
⎜
⎝
n
2
1
−
N
⎡
⎤
n
⎞
+
⎟
∑∑
3
⎢
⎥
N
⎠
0
=
n
⎣
⎦
U
∆
THD
100
=
I
3
1
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
n
⎪
⎣
⎩
cos)(
nI
3
0
=
Mean phase-phase Voltage
Average THD of the Phase to phase Voltages
Three phase current
Average THD of the phase Currents
Three phase Active Power
Three phase reactive Power
Three phase apparent Power
Three phase Power Factor
:
:
:
Q
:
:
Σ
I
Σ
:
THD
P
Σ
Σ
S
Σ
Q
Σ
= Qsign
λ
Σ
nI
sin)(
:
THD
I
Σ
⎡
1
⎢
M
⎣
P
Σ
S
Σ
ππ
n
2
⎞
⎛
⎟
⎜
N
⎠
⎝
U
THD
U
∆
I
THD
P
−
M
1
12
=
n
0
()
Σ
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
UUU
=
∆
U
∆
S
=
Σ
U
∆
I
Σ
1
Σ
M
3
=
Σ
3
=
−
1
M
⎡
∑∑
⎢
=
0
n
⎣
()()()()
22
+= QPS
ΣΣΣ
312312
THDTHDTHD
+
UUU
312312
3
THDTHDTHD
+
III
321
3
−
1
M
() () () ()
−=
=
0
n
−
M
1
+−+=
∑∑
231
=
n
0
44
⎤
nInUnInU
323112
⎥
⎦
⎤
nIMnUnIMnU
3
⎥
⎦
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
Pag. 56 di 152
Page 57
λ
λ
8.3 3P-b 4W Balanced Three phase with neutral
I
1
1
N
3
2
1
I
1N
I
3N
I
2N
N
23
U
1N
8.3.1 Available Reading:
1 Frequency:
Voltage frequency
Star Voltage:
Phase Current:
Star Voltage THD:
Phase Current THD:
Phase Active Power:
3 Phase Active Power:
Phase Reactive Power:
3 Phase Reactive Power:
Phase apparent Powers:
3 Phase Apparent Power:
V
:
N
1
2 RMS Amplitude:
3 Total harmonic Distortion (in percentage):
4 Power (on the short period):
P
1
Q
1
Current inputs
Voltage input s
f
NU1
I
1
THD
U
THD
I
P
Σ
Q
Σ
S
1
S
Σ
N
1
1
5 Power Factor:
Phase Power Factor:
3 Phase Power Factor:
1
Σ
6 Energies:
Active Energy (import):
Active Energy (export):
Inductive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Inductive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Pag. 57 di 152
+
E
a
−
E
a
+
E
indr
+
E
capr
−
E
indr
−
E
capr
Page 58
+
Apparent Energy with import Active Power:
Apparent Energy with export Active Power:
E
s
−
E
s
7 Average Power integrated over the programmed integration period
“Sliding Average”,
Import average Active Power:
Export average Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average apparent Power with import Active Power:
Average apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
AVG
−
P
AVG
+
Q
indAVG
+
Q
capAVG
−
Q
indAVG
−
Q
capAVG
+
S
AVG
−
S
AVG
8 Maximum Demand:
M.D. of import Active Power:
M.D. of export Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
−
P
+
Q
+
Q
−
Q
−
Q
+
S
−
S
..DM
..DM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..DM
..DM
9 Time:
Life Timer t
Pag. 58 di 152
Page 59
M
=
λ
=
=
λ
λ
λ
=
8.3.2 Measurements Formulas:
−
1
M
Phase Voltages:
U
N
1
U
1
=
M
where:
()
nU
are the samples of the star voltages;
N1
is the number of samples on a period (64);
Star voltages THD
THD
100
=
U
1
N
THD
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
=
n
0
⎪
⎣
⎩
Line Current (coincident with the phase current ):
()
nI
are the samples of the line currents.
1
in %
U
N
1
−
N
1
2
)(
∑
n
1
nU
N
1
2
⎛
cos)(
⎜
N
⎝
nU
N
1
=
0
2
−
N
1
⎡
⎤
n
⎞
+
⎟
∑∑
⎢
⎥
⎠
=
n
0
⎣
⎦
sin)(
nU
N
1
I
1
Phase current THD
THD
100
=
I
1
Phase Active Power:
Phase reactive Power:
Phase apparent Power:
Phase Power Factor:
:
THD
I
1
N
−
1
2
∑
1
n
=
0
N
−
1
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
1
⎢
N
n
=
0
⎪
⎣
⎩
P ;
1
Q
S
1
⎛
cos)(
nI
⎜
⎝
1
1
2
⎤
2
n
⎞
⎟
⎥
N
⎠
⎦
)(
nI
N
−
1
⎡
+
∑∑
⎢
n
=
⎣
sin)(
nI
1
0
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
Total Active Power:
Total reactive Power:
Total apparent Power:
Total Power Factor:
Q
S
P 3*1PP
Σ
Σ
Σ
Σ
Σ
Σ
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
2
()
∑
=
n
nU
11
NN
0
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
2
n
ππ
⎪
⎞
⎛
⎟
⎜
⎝
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
1
=
I
M
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
2
ππ
n
⎪
⎞
⎛
⎟
⎜
⎝
P
Q
IUS
111
λ
1
QQ
1
1
N
⎠
=
M
P
=
S
Σ
3*
22
+= QPS
ΣΣΣ
⎥
⎦
1
M
1
1
1
⎬
⎪
⎭
−
1
M
∑
=
0
n
M
−
1
∑
n
=
0
()
() ()
N
()()
N 1
11
Qsign
1
−
1
M
2
()
nI
∑
11
=
0
n
nInU
111
nIMnU
4
+=
Pag. 59 di 152
Page 60
λ
8.4 3P-b 3W Balanced three Phase without neutral 3 wires
I
1
3
2
1
I
3
Current inputs
I
31
3
1
U
12
I
12
I
23
2
Voltage inputs
8.4.1 Available Reading:
1 Frequency:
Voltage frequency
V :
23
f
2 RMS amplitude:
Phase-phase Voltages:
Phase Current:
U
12
3 Total harmonic distortion (in percentage):
Phase to phase Voltages THD:
Phase Current THD:
4 Power (on short period):
3 Phase Active Power:
Total reactive Power:
Total apparent Power:
Q
Σ
S
Σ
5 Power Factor:
Total Power Factor:
Σ
6 Energies:
Active Energy (import):
Active Energy (export):
Inductive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with import Active Power :
Inductive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Apparent Energy with import Active Power:
Apparent Energy with export Active Power:
I
3
THD
U
12
THD
I
3
P
Σ
+
E
a
−
E
a
+
E
indr
+
E
capr
−
E
indr
−
E
capr
+
E
s
−
E
s
Pag. 60 di 152
Page 61
7 Average Power integrated over the programmed integration period
“Sliding Average”,
Import average Active Power:
Export average Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average apparent Power with import Active Power:
Average apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
AVG
−
P
AVG
+
Q
indAVG
+
Q
capAVG
−
Q
indAVG
−
Q
capAVG
+
S
AVG
−
S
AVG
8 Maximum demand:
M.D. of import Active Power:
M.D. of export Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
−
P
+
Q
+
Q
−
Q
−
Q
+
S
−
S
..DM
..DM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..DM
..DM
9 Time:
Life Timer t
Pag. 61 di 152
Page 62
λ
8.4.2 Measurement Formulas:
−
1
M
Phase-phase Voltages:
Where:
()
nU
are the samples of the chained values.
12
U
12
M is the number of sampling on a period (64)
Phase to phase Voltages THD
THD in %
U
23
−
N
1
2
)(
nU
∑
12
=
n
THD
100
=
U
12
−
N
1
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
=
n
0
⎪
⎣
⎩
cos)(
nU
12
0
2
−
N
1
⎡
⎤
2
n
⎞
⎛
⎜
⎝
+
⎟
∑∑
⎢
⎥
N
⎠
=
n
0
⎣
⎦
sin)(
nU
12
:
Line Currents
()
nI
are the samples of the line currents.
1
I
3
=
I
THD of the phase currents
:
THD
I
3
1
−
N
2
nI
)(
∑
3
0
=
THD
100
=
I
3
1
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
N
⎪
⎩
nI
cos)(
3
⎢
0
=
n
⎣
Three phase Active Power:
Three phase reactive Power:
Three phase apparent Power:
Three phase Power Factor:
n
2
1
−
N
⎡
⎤
n
2
⎞
⎛
⎜
⎝
Q
+
⎟
⎥
N
⎠
⎦
P
Σ
Σ
S
Σ
Σ
nI
∑∑
3
⎢
0
=
n
⎣
⎛
sin)(
⎜
⎝
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
1
=
U
M
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
2
ππ
n
⎪
⎞
⎛
⎟
⎜
⎝
ππ
2
N
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
1
M
1
M
n
⎞
⎟
⎠
P
Q
2
()
nI
∑
33
=
0
n
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎬
⎥
⎪
⎦
⎭
M
1
⎡
Σ
Σ
⎢
M
⎣
1
⎡
=
⎢
M
⎣
+= QPS
P
Σ
= Qsign
λ
Σ
S
Σ
∑
1212
=
0
n
1
−
∑
23
0
=
n
1
−
M
∑
0
=
n
22
ΣΣΣ
()
Σ
2
()
nU
()()
+=
() ()
⎤
nInU
123
⎥
⎦
⎤
34
nIMnU
1
⎥
⎦
3
Pag. 62 di 152
Page 63
λ
8.5 1P (2W) Single phase
I
1
N
1
U
1
I
1N
1N
8.5.1 Available Reading:
1 Frequency:
Voltage Frequency
Voltage:
NU1
Phase Current:
Voltage THD:
Phase Current THD:
Active Power:
Reactive Power:
Apparent Power:
Power Factor :
V
N
1
2 RMS Amplitude:
3 Total harmonic Distortion (in percentage):
4 Power (on short period):
5 Power Factor:
Current inputs Voltage inputs
: f
I
1
THD
THD
P
Q
S
U
N
1
I
1
1
1
1
1
6 Energies:
Active Energy (import):
Active Energy (export):
Inductive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Inductive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Apparent Energy with import Active Power:
Apparent Energy with export Active Power:
Pag. 63 di 152
+
E
a
−
E
a
+
E
indr
+
E
capr
−
E
indr
−
E
capr
+
E
s
−
E
s
Page 64
7 Average Power integrated over the programmed integration period
“Sliding Average”,
Import average Active Power:
Export average Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average apparent Power with import Active Power:
Average apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
AVG
−
P
AVG
+
Q
indAVG
+
Q
capAVG
−
Q
indAVG
−
Q
capAVG
+
S
AVG
−
S
AVG
8 Maximum Demand:
M.D. of import Active Power:
M.D. of export Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
−
P
+
Q
+
Q
−
Q
−
Q
+
S
−
S
..DM
..DM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..DM
..DM
Life Timer t
9 Time:
Pag. 64 di 152
Page 65
M
=
λ
8.5.2 Measurement Formulas:
−
1
M
Voltage:
U
N
1
()
nU
are the samples of the star voltages;
N1
U
is the number of samples on a period (64);
Star voltages THD
THD
100
=
U
1
N
2
N
Phase Current:
Where:
I
()
nI
are the samples of the line currents.
1
⎧
⎪
⎨
⎪
⎩
1
THD
−
N
⎡
⎢
=
n
⎣
in %
U
N
1
N
1
−
2
)(
∑
n
1
nU
N
1
0
2
⎛
cos)(
⎜
N
⎝
nU
N
1
0
=
2
−
N
1
⎡
⎤
n
⎞
+
⎟
∑∑
⎢
⎥
⎠
n
⎣
⎦
nU
N
1
=
0
Phase current THD
:
THD
I
1
−
N
1
2
nI
)(
1
=
0
2
−
N
1
⎡
⎤
⎞
+
⎟
⎥
⎠
⎦
nI
∑∑
1
⎢
=
n
0
⎣
THD
∑
=
100
I
1
−
N
1
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
N
⎪
⎩
nI
cos)(
1
⎢
=
n
0
⎣
n
n
2
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
Phase Active Powers:
Phase reactive Powers
P
1
Q
:
1
Phase apparent Powers:
S
1
Phase Power Factors
:
1
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
1
=
M
2
ππ
n
⎛
sin)(
⎜
N
⎝
=
I
n
ππ
2
⎛
sin)(
⎜
N
⎝
=
P
Q
=
λ
1
∑
n
⎞
⎟
⎠
M
P
S
⎞
⎟
⎠
M
1
⎤
⎥
⎦
1
1
=
0
2
⎤
⎥
⎦
M
2
1
IUS
2
11
NN
1
−
⎫
⎪
⎬
⎪
⎭
M
1
∑
n
1
−
⎫
⎪
⎬
⎪
⎭
−
1
M
∑
=
0
n
M
−
1
∑
n
=
0
111
()
()
nU
−
1
2
()
nI
11
=
0
() ()
nInU
111
N
()()
+=
N 1
11
Qsign
1
nIMnU
4
Pag. 65 di 152
Page 66
λ
8.6 2P (2W) Double phase
I
1
2
1
1
I
1
U
12
8.6.1 Available Reading:
1 Frequency:
Voltage frequency
Voltage:
U
Phase Current:
Voltage THD :
Phase Current THD:
Active Power:
Reactive Power:
Apparent Power:
V : f
12
2 RMS amplitude:
12
3 Total harmonic distortion (in percentage):
4 Power (on short period):
Current inputs
I
1
THD
U
12
THD
I
1
P
∑
Q
∑
S
∑
Voltage inp u ts
5 Power Factor:
Power Factor:
∑
6 Energies:
Active Energy (import):
Active Energy (export):
−
E
a
Inductive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with import Active Power:
Inductive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Capacitive reactive Energy with export Active Power:
Apparent Energy with import Active Power:
Pag. 66 di 152
+
E
a
+
E
indr
+
E
capr
−
E
indr
−
E
capr
+
E
s
Page 67
−
Apparent Energy with export Active Power:
E
s
7 Average Power taken on a time interval (sliding window) of
programmable amplitude:
Import average Active Power:
Export average Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
Average inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
Average apparent Power with import Active Power:
Average apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
AVG
−
P
AVG
+
Q
indAVG
+
Q
capAVG
−
Q
indAVG
−
Q
capAVG
+
S
AVG
−
S
AVG
8 Maximum Demand:
M.D. of import Active Power:
M.D. of export Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of inductive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of capacitive reactive Power with export Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with import Active Power:
M.D. of apparent Power with export Active Power:
+
P
−
P
+
Q
+
Q
−
Q
−
Q
+
S
−
S
..DM
..DM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..
indDM
..
capDM
..DM
..DM
Life Timer
9 Time:
t
Pag. 67 di 152
Page 68
M
=
λ
8.6.2 Measurements Formulas:
−
1
M
U
Voltage:
()
nU
12
12
are the samples of the star voltages;
is the number of samples taken on a period (64);
Star voltage THD
THD in %
U
12
1
−
N
2
)(
nU
12
0
=
n
2
N
⎤
n
⎡
⎞
+
⎟
∑∑
⎥
⎢
⎠
n
⎦
⎣
THD
∑
=
100
U
12
1
−
N
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
⎢
N
n
⎪
⎣
⎩
nU
12
0
=
2
⎛
cos)(
⎜
N
⎝
Phase Current:
I
1
()
nI
are the samples of the line current.
1
:
Phase current THD
THD
I
1
N
−
1
2
nI
)(
1
=
0
2
N
⎡
⎤
⎞
+
⎟
∑∑
⎢
⎥
⎠
n
⎣
⎦
THD
∑
=
100
I
1
N
−
1
⎧
⎡
2
⎪
⎨
N
⎪
⎩
nI
cos)(
1
⎢
n
=
0
⎣
n
n
2
⎛
⎜
N
⎝
Active Power:
P
∑
Reactive Power :
Q
∑
Phase apparent Power:
S
∑
Phase Power Factor:
∑
where sign(x) is equal to 1 with x > 0, to -1 with x < 0.
1
=
U
M
1
−
1
−
12
0
=
⎛
sin)(
nU
⎜
⎝
I
−
1
1
=
0
⎛
nI
sin)(
⎜
⎝
P
Q
∑
λ
2
⎫
⎤
ππ
2
n
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
N
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
M
1
=
ππ
n
2
N
=
∑
∑
IUS
112
=
∑
∑
M
=
n
1
−
2
⎫
⎤
⎪
⎞
⎟
⎬
⎥
⎠
⎪
⎦
⎭
−
1
M
1
∑
M
=
0
n
M
−
1
1
∑
M
n
=
0
P
1
S
1
2
()
∑
n
=
nU
1212
0
−
1
2
()
nI
11
0
() ()
nInU
112
()()
+=
12
()
Qsign
1
nIMnU
4
1
Pag. 68 di 152
Page 69
8.6.3 Sampling:
The signals to be measured are sampled with a sampling frequency
frequency
The sampling is continuous on all waveform. Every 10 wave the samples are passed to the calculation part
and the sampling restart for the next 10 waves.
f : shortly, the number of samples per wave is fixed at 64 even with frequency variation.
f equal to 64 times the network
c
8.6.4 Grid frequency Measurement:
The minimum measurable frequency is about 38 Hz.
The A/D converter is stopped out of the range 45
The frequency measurement is taken on phase L1 voltage.
The instrument can measure the fundamental frequency even in presence of very distorted waveforms
and/or very low signal (few Volt).
÷ 65 Hz.
8.7 Average values and energy Calculation.
8.7.1 Energy counting
X3M is equipped with 8 “non volatile” energy counters which can count up to a maximum of 99999999.9
kWh (either kvarh or kVAh) with a resolution equal to 0.1 kWh (either kvarh or kVAh). The value of these
counters can be read either by communication port or display. When the highest value 99999999.9 is
reached, the counting starts again from zero (roll-over).
8.7.2 Average Powers / maximum demand (m/Max)
X3M has a sliding window integrator which computes the average value of each of the 8 power
measurements on an integration interval that is programmable in the range of 1 through 60 minutes in one
minute steps.
The integration interval slides on the time axis in one minute intervals (when all the values of the
measurements are updated). The settings of the integration intervals are not memorized when the
instrument is turned off. While the duration of the integration interval may differ from the HOLD period, the
two intervals are both aligned on the minute boundary. A command can be sent on the communication port
to synchronize the HOLD period (and therefore of the minute boundary of the integration interval) with an
external clock. The maximal value of each of the average power measurements is memorized in a nonvolatile register (maximum demand, MD).
Both the average and maximum demand values are available through the display and the communication
port. A command can be sent (either from the keyboard or the communication port) to reset the maximum
demand values to zero. Another command resets the average power values: it resets the measurements
taken during the last integration interval, but not the measurements taken in the last minute (the step with
which the integration window slides). This preserves the synchronization of the integration interval and of
the HOLD interval on the minute boundary.
Pag. 69 di 152
Page 70
9 MODBUS Protocol
9.1 Foreword:
The instrument modbus protocol is implemented according to the document “MODBUS Application
Protocol Specification V1.1”, available in www.modbus.org .
The following “Public functions” are implemented:
(0x01) Read Coils
(0x02) Read Discrete Inputs
(0x03) Read Holding Registers
(0x04) Read Input Registers
(0x05) Write Single Coil
(0x06) Write Single Register
(0x07) Read Exception Status
(0x08) Diagnostics
(0x0F) Write Multiple Coils
(0x10) Write Multiple Registers
(0x11) Report Slave ID
Regarding the “Diagnostics” function, the following “Sub-functions” are implemented:
− (0x0000) Return Query Data
− (0x0001) Restart Communications Option
− (0x0004) Force Listen Only Mode
The only implemented function “User Defined” is marked “Change Slave Address” (function code 0x42).
Through two coils named SWAP BYTES and SWAP WORDS, it is possible to modify the memory area
organization where the modbus registers mapping are. The configuration [SWAP BYTES = FALSE, SWAP
WORDS = FALSE] correspond to a “Big-Endian” type organization (Motorola like): the most significant
data byte whose size is bigger than byte is allocated at the lower address.
The order of the bigger than byte data transmitted on the serial line depend on the memory organization.
In the “Big-Endian” organization type, the most significant byte is the one transmitted first (standard
modbus).
Vice versa, the configuration [SWAP BYTES = TRUE, SWAP WORDS = TRUE] corresponds to an “INTEL
like” memory organization (the most significant byte at the higher address, that is less significant byte
transmitted first on the serial line).
Note: In the released version, not all the listed commands are available, check in the following pages for
availability.
The default configuration is “Big-Endian” (Motorola like) as the modbus standard specify and not “LittleEndian” as the previous instruments.
Pag. 70 di 152
Page 71
9.2 “Device dependent” Functions
9.2.1 (0x11) Slave ID Report
(0x11) Report Slave ID
Byte Description Value
0 address
1 function code 0x11
2 byte count 0x1F
3 slave ID
4 run indicator status 0xFF
5 Application version major
6 Application version minor
7 Loader version major
8 Loader version minor
9 MSB
10
11
12
13 byte/word swap
14 MSB
15
16 MSB
17
18 MSB
N discrete inputs (input status)
19
20 MSB
21
22 MSB
23
24 CN1 option ID
25 CN2 option ID
26 MSB
27
28
29
30 MSB
31
32
33
34
35
Serial number
tx delay (ms)
N coils
N holding registers
N input registers
Application checksum
Loader Checksum
CRC
LSB
- Swap bytes:
0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
- Swap words:
0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
- Swap doublewords:
0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
- Swap words in float values:
0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
- Not Allocated
(Must be set to 0)
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
LSB
0x00 = NONE 0x0C = 2 x 4-20 mA
0x0D = DONGLE 0x0E = RS485
0x0F = RS232 0xFF = ERROR
LSB
LSB
Pag. 71 di 152
Page 72
9.2.2 (0x07) Exception Status Read
Not available.
9.3 “User defined” Functions
9.3.1 (0x42) Slave Address Change
The instruments accepts query with function code 0x42 (change slave address) only of “Broadcast” type
(address 0). Consequently, there is no answer.
Change Slave Address Query
Byte Description Value
0 Broadcast Address 0x00
1 Function Code 0x42
2 MSB
3
4
5
6 New Slave Address
7
8
Serial Number
CRC
LSB
Pag. 72 di 152
Page 73
9.4 Register Mapping
9.4.1 Holding registers
Registers from address 0 to 7 are compatible with the registers of the old instrument, in order to assure the backwards compatibility. The one described are the ones
of the KILO (T).
Registers from address 70 to 79 specific for X3M.
Registers from address 8 to 69 and from 132 to 139 are reserved for future expansions.
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
0 Integer Word CT Ratio 1-9999 [A/A]
1 Integer Word VT Ratio 1-9999 [V/V]
2 Integer Word AVG Integration Time 1-60 [min]
3 NOT USED
4 NOT USED
5 NOT USED
6 NOT USED
7 Integer Word
Digital Outputs
Watchdog
0-65535 [min] 0 = Watchdog disabled
8
:
RESERVED
69
Swap bytes: 0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
Swap words: 0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
Swap doublewords: 0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
Swap words in float values: 0 ≡ Standard; 1≡ Swapped
Not Allocated (Must be set to 0)
70
Bitmapped
Word
Words/Bytes swap
flags
71 Integer Word Tx delay time 0-100 [s/100]
Return undefined valued, if read.
Written values will be ignored.
Return undefined valued, if read.
Written values will be ignored.
Return undefined valued, if read.
Written values will be ignored.
Return undefined valued, if read.
Written values will be ignored.
Return undefined valued, if read.
Don’t write in this area.
Standard means Motorola like and
Swapped means Intel like.
The same bit combination must be written in
both low and high part of register.
In this manner the "byte swap" setting is
meaningless for this register.
Notes
Pag. 73 di 152
Page 74
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
72
Bitmapped
Word
Network type
73 Integer Word CT Primary 1-10000 [A]
74 Integer Word CT Secondary 1 or 5 [A]
75
76
Integer
(4 bytes)
VT Primary 1-400000 [V]
77 Integer Word VT Secondary 1-999 [V]
78 Integer Word
AVG/MD powers
integration time
79 Integer Word Counters hold time 1-60 [min]
80 Integer Word
Analog out 1 - Quantity
index
81 Integer Word Analog out 1 - Mode
82
83
84
85
Float IEEE754
Float IEEE754
86 Integer Word
Analog out 1 - Scale
begin value
Analog out 1 - Scale
end value
Analog out 2 - Quantity
index
87 Integer Word Analog out 2 - Mode
88
89
90
91
Float IEEE754
Float IEEE754
Analog out 2 - Scale
begin value
Analog out 2 - Scale
end value
Network type: 0 ≡ 4 wires (Star); 1 ≡ 3 wires (Delta)
Import/Export: 0 ≡ Export disabled (2 quadrants);
1 ≡ Export enabled (4 quadrants)
Not Allocated
1-60 [min]
Main Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Sub Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Main Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Sub Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Notes
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Accessing this register cause an exception
response if 4-20mA option is not present.
Pag. 74 di 152
Page 75
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
92
93
Bitmapped
Word
Bitmapped
Word
94 Integer Word
95 Integer Word
96
Bitmapped
Word
Digital out 1 Configuration
Digital out 2 Configuration
Digital Outputs
Watchdog
Alarm 1 - Quantity
index
Alarm 1 - Mode
97 Float IEEE754 Alarm 1 - Threshold
99 Integer Word Alarm 1 - Histeresys
100 Integer Word Alarm 1 - Latency
101 Integer Word
Alarm 2 - Quantity
index
Mode: 00 ≡ Pulse; 01 ≡ Alarm;
10 ≡ Remote; 11 ≡ Not allowed
-
Polarity: 0 ≡ Normally opened;
1 ≡ Normally closed
Not Allocated
Mode: 00 ≡ Pulse; 01 ≡ Alarm;
10 ≡ Remote; 11 ≡ Not allowed
-
Polarity: 0 ≡ Normally opened;
1 ≡ Normally closed
Not Allocated
0-65535 [min]
Main Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Sub Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Alarm coil driving mode:
00 ≡ Normal
01 ≡ Pulsed
10 ≡ Not allowed
11 ≡ Not allowed
Alarm type: 0 ≡ Min; 1≡ Max
Not Allocated
0-99
[%]
1-99
[s]
Main Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Sub Index: (see tables on next paragraph)
Notes
0 = Watchdog disabled
Pag. 75 di 152
Page 76
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
102
Bitmapped
Word
Alarm 2 - Mode
103 Float IEEE754 Alarm 2 - Threshold
105 Integer Word Alarm 2 - Histeresys 0-99 [%]
106 Integer Word Alarm 2 - Latency 1-99 [s]
107
:
RESERVED
118
119
120
Bitmapped
Word
Bitmapped
Word
121 Integer Word
Network type
(extended)
Pulse Out 1 - Quantity
selection
Pulse Out 1 - Pulse
weight / Pulse Duration
Alarm coil driving mode:
00 ≡ Normal
01 ≡ Pulsed
10 ≡ Not allowed
11 ≡ Not allowed
Alarm type: 0 ≡ Min; 1≡ Max
Not Allocated
Network type: 0-5
0 ≡ 1P 2W, 1 ≡ 2P 2W, 2 ≡ 3P 4W,
3 ≡ 3P_3W, 4 ≡ 3P-b 4W, 5 ≡ 3P-b 3W
Not Allocated
Import/Export:
0 ≡ Export disabled (2 quadrants);
1 ≡ Export enabled (4 quadrants)
Measurement scaling:
0=scaled to signal at primary side of CT/VT;
1=scaled to signal at secondary side of CT/VT;
Measurement selection: 0-7
0=P+, 1=P-, 2=Qind+, 3=Qcap+,
4=Qind-, 5=Qcap-, 6=S+, 7=S-
Not Allocated
Pulse Weight: 0-7 (weight = 10^ (n-1) Wh)
Pulse Width: 5-90 (mS * 10)
Notes
Return undefined valued, if read.
Don’t write in this area.
Pag. 76 di 152
Page 77
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
122
Bitmapped
Word
123 Integer Word
Pulse Out 2 - Quantity
selection
Pulse Out 2 - Pulse
weight / Pulse Duration
124
RESERVED
:
127
128
129
Bitmapped
Word
Bitmapped
Word
Digital out 1 Configuration
Digital out 2 Configuration
130
..
RESERVED
139
Measurement scaling:
0=scaled to signal at primary side of CT/VT;
1=scaled to signal at secondary side of CT/VT;
Measurement selection: 0-7
0=P+, 1=P-, 2=Qind+, 3=Qcap+,
4=Qind-, 5=Qcap-, 6=S+, 7=S-
Not Allocated
Pulse Weight: 0-7 (weight = 10^ (n-1) Wh)
Pulse Width: 5-90 (mS * 10)
Return undefined valued, if read.
Don’t write in this area.
Mode: 00 ≡ Pulse; 01 ≡ Alarm;
10 ≡ Remote; 11 ≡ Tariff
Polarity: 0 ≡ Normally opened; 1 ≡ Normally closed
Not Allocated
Mode: 00 ≡ Pulse; 01 ≡ Alarm;
10 ≡ Remote; 11 ≡ Tariff
Polarity: 0 ≡ Normally opened; 1 ≡ Normally closed
Not Allocated
Notes
RESERVED
Return undefined valued, if read.
Don’t write in this area.
Pag. 77 di 152
Page 78
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
140
:
155
156 Integer Word Active Timezone Index 0-n
157
158
159
160
Byte Array
ASCIIZ String
Bitmapped
(4 bytes)
Bitmapped
(4 bytes)
Active Timezone Name
Bits 31 ÷ 24: Century
Wall Time:
Day, Month, Year,
Century
Wall Time:
Seconds, Minutes,
Hours,
DST flag
Bits 23 ÷ 16: Year
Bits 15 ÷ 8: Month
Bits 7 ÷ 0: Day of Month
Bits 31 ÷ 25: Unused
Bit 24: DST flag
Bits 23 ÷ 16: Hours
Bits 15 ÷ 8: Minutes
Bits 7 ÷ 0: Seconds
Notes
This group of registers is updated on each read
access to the first register.
Read queries not including the first address, will
give not updated values.
Write queries involving at least one register of
these, initiate a search in the timezone names
table.
On success, the clock will be adjusted according to
the rules of the specified timezone.
On fail, the instrument answers with an exception
response of type 04.
See Updated Timezones Table
Only date values in the range of 1/1/2004 and
31/12/2099 will be accepted. If an invalid
combination is settled for Century, Year, Month and
Day fields, the instrument answers with an
exception response of type 04.
These registers must be written within the same
modbus query.
The instrument answers with an exception
response of type 04, to those write query involving
only one of these registers.
DST flag = 1 means Daylight Saving Time in use.
The DST flag's value will be ignored if written date/
time values are not compatible with it.
If an invalid combination is settled for Hours,
Minutes and Seconds fields, the instrument
answers with an exception response of type 04.
These two registers must be written within the
same modbus query.
The instrument answers with an exception
response of type 04 to those write query involving
only one of these registers.
Pag. 78 di 152
Page 79
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
161
162
Integer
(4 bytes)
163 Integer Word GMT offset
164 Integer Word DST offset
165
166
167
Bitmapped
Word
Integer
(4 bytes)
Universal Time as
UNIX Timestamp
Format
DST flag
Wall Time as UNIX
Bit 0: DST flag
Bits 15 ÷ 1: Not used
Timestamp Format
Notes
Number of elapsed seconds since Unix Epoch
Time (January 1, 1970 00.00.00) not including
neither leap seconds nor timezone offsets.
Only date values in the range of 1/1/2004 and
31/12/2099 will be accepted, otherwise the
instrument answers with an exception response of
type 04.
These two registers must be written within the
same modbus query.
Minutes west from GMT.
UTC Time + (GMT offset * 60) + (DST offset * 60) =
Local Time (Wall Clock Time) in Unix Time Stamp
format.
This is a read only register.
Minutes offset from Standard Time during Daylight
Saving Time.
UTC Time + (GMT offset * 60) + (DST offset * 60) =
Local Time (Wall Clock Time) in Unix Time Stamp
format.
This is a read only register.
DST flag = 1 means Daylight Saving Time in use.
The DST flag's value will be ignored if not
compatible with the value specified in the following
two.
This register with the following two, must be written
within the same modbus query.
Number of elapsed seconds since Unix Epoch
Time (January 1, 1970 00.00.00) plus GMT offset
and DST offset. Leap seconds are not included.
Only date values in the range of 1/1/2004 and
31/12/2099 will be accepted. If values outside out
of range value is settled, the instrument raises an
exception response of type 04.
These two registers with the previous one, must be
written within the same modbus query.
Pag. 79 di 152
Page 80
Holding Registers
Addr. Type Description Range [Unit] or Bitmap
Time of Next
Changeover (Daylight
168
169
Integer
(4 bytes)
Saving Time to
Standard Time or
viceversa) as UNIX
Timestamp Format
9.4.2 Parameter selection tables
The following tables allow the selection of the parameters to be associated to the alarms and to analog outputs.
The Main index and the Sub index have to be specified in binary format (HEX).
All cells identified with are available only in Import/Export configuration.
Notes
Unix Time Stamp of next changeover from
Standard Time to Daylight Saving Time or
viceversa
Pag. 80 di 152
Page 81
I
3Ph-4W
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0
OFF × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
1
×
U
U
2
f
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
3
× × ×
4
× × × ×
5
× × × ×
6
Main Index
× × × ×
7
× × × ×
8
× × × × ×
9
× × × × ×
× ×
I
Q
S
PF
I
P
U
I
P
Q
S
PF
THD
THD
U
I
P
Q
S
PF
THD
THD
U
I
P
Q
S
PF
THD
THD
U
× × × × × × × × ×
× × ×
× × × × ×
× × ×
× × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × ×
Sub Index
U
U
× × × × × ×
P
S
P
S
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
U
I
× ×
THD
THD
U
×
THD
×
3Ph-3W
U
Sub Index
U
P
S
THD
× × × × × × ×
I
P
S
× × × × × × ×
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× ×
U
×
THD
Main Index
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0
OFF × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
1
× ×
2
f
3
× × × ×
4
× × × ×
5
× × × ×
6
× × × ×
7
× × × ×
8
× × × × × × × ×
9
× × × × ×
U
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
I
P
Q
S
PF
I
× × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
I
I
THDITHDITHD × × × × × × × × × ITHD ×
U
× × × × × × × × ×
THD
THD
Pag. 81 di 152
Page 82
3Ph-4W Balanced
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0
OFF × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
1
2
3
4
5
6
Main Index
7
8
9
× × × × ×
f
× × × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
P
Q
S
U
I
P
Q
S
PF
THD
THD
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
Sub Index
P
S
P
S
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× ×
3Ph-3W Balanced
Sub Index
× × × × × × × × × ×
P
S
× × × × × × × × × ×
P
S
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× ×
Main Index
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0
OFF × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
1
× × × × × × × ×
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
f
× × × × × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
I
P
Q
S
× × × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × × ×
THD
U
× × × × × × × × × × ×
THD
× × × × × × × × × × ×
Pag. 82 di 152
Page 83
1Ph-2W
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0
OFF × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
1
2
3
4
5
6
Main Index
7
8
9
× × × × ×
f
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
U
I
P
Q
S
PF
THD
THD
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
Sub Index
P
S
P
S
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× ×
2Ph-2W
Sub Index
× × × × × × × × × ×
P
S
× × × × × × × × × ×
P
S
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× × × × × ×
Q
Q
× ×
Main Index
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
0
OFF × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
× × × × × × × ×
f
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
I
P
Q
S
PF
THD
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × ×
× × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × × ×
U
THD
Pag. 83 di 152
Page 84
9.4.3 X3M Input registers
In this chapter the X3M original registers are listed with all the available measurements.
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol System config / Notes
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Phase to neutral Voltage, THD
%
Phase to phase Voltage, THD
Phase to neutral Voltage, THD
%
Phase to phase Voltage, THD
Phase to neutral Voltage, THD
%
Phase to phase Voltage, THD
Line current, THD %
Line current, THD %
Line current, THD %
Voltage Input Frequency Hz
Phase to Neutral Voltage, RMS
Amplitude
Phase to Neutral Voltage, RMS
Amplitude
Phase to Neutral Voltage, RMS
Amplitude
Phase to Phase Voltage, RMS
Amplitude
Phase to Phase Voltage, RMS
Amplitude
Phase to Phase Voltage, RMS
Amplitude
V
V
V
V
V
V
Line current, RMS Amplitude A
Line current, RMS Amplitude A
Line current, RMS Amplitude A
Neutral Current, RMS Amplitude A
Phase Active Power (+/-) W
Phase Active Power (+/-) W
Phase Active Power (+/-) W
Phase Reactive Power (+/-) var
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
f
12
U
U
U
U
U
U
I
1
I
2
I
3
I
N
P
1
P
2
P
3
Q
1
12
1
2
3
23
31
U
U
U
U
U
U
I
I
I
Nf1
N
N
N
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
N
1
3P3W, 3P-b 3W, 2P2W
⇒
12
⇒ 3P4W
N
2
3P3W
⇒
23
⇒ 3P4W
N
3
3P3W
⇒
31
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
1
⇒
2
⇒
3
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
3P3W, 3P-b 3W, 2P2W
⇒
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W, 3P-b 3W, 2P2W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
3P4W , 3P3W
3P4W , 3P3W, 3P-b 3W
3P4W , 3P3W
3P4W , 3P3W, 3P-b 3W
3P4W
Pag. 84 di 152
Page 85
λ
λ
λ
λ
+
+
+
+
−
−
−
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol System config / Notes
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Phase Reactive Power (+/-) var
Phase Reactive Power (+/-) var
Phase Apparent Power VA
Phase Apparent Power VA
Phase Apparent Power VA
Phase Power Factor (+/-) -
Phase Power Factor (+/-) -
Phase Power Factor (+/-) -
Phase Voltage, Mean THD %
Line current, Mean THD %
Phase to Neutral Mean Voltage,
RMS Amplitude
Phase to Phase Mean Voltage,
RMS Amplitude
Three phase current, RMS
Amplitude
V
V
A
Total Active Power (+/-) W
Total reactive power (+/-) var
Total apparent power VA
Total power factor (+/-) -
Total imported Active Power,
AVG
Total imported inductive power,
AVG
Total imported capacitive power,
AVG
Total imported apparent power,
AVG
Total exported Active Power,
AVG
Total exported inductive power,
AVG
Total exported capacitive power,
AVG
W
var
var
VA
W
var
var
Q
2
Q
3
S
1
S
2
S
3
1
2
3
THD
THD
THD
U
λ
U
∆
I
Σ
P
Σ
Q
Σ
S
Σ
Σ
P
m
Q
Q
S
m
P
m
Q
Q
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
U
U
I
indm
capm
indm
capm
⇒ 3P4W
λ
⇒ 3P3W
∆
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
Σ
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W, 3P3W,
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
Pag. 85 di 152
Page 86
−
+
+
+
+
−
−
−
−
+
+
+
+
−
−
−
−
y
+
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol System config / Notes
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Total exported apparent power,
AVG
Total imported Active Power,
MD
Total imported inductive power,
MD
Total imported capacitive power,
MD
Total imported apparent power,
MD
Total exported Active Power,
MD
Total exported inductive power,
MD
Total exported capacitive power,
MD
Total exported apparent power,
MD
VA
W
var
var
VA
W
var
var
VA
S
m
P
Max
Q
indMax
Q
capMax
S
Max
P
Max
Q
indMax
Q
capMax
S
Max
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
308
:
NOT USED
Return undefined valued, if read.
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Integer
(4 bytes)
Imported active energy kWh/10
Imported inductive energy kvarh/10
Imported capacitive energy kvarh/10
Imported apparent energy kVAh/10
Exported active energy kWh/10
Exported inductive energy kvarh/10
Exported capacitive energy kvarh/10
Exported apparent energy kVAh/10
Life Timer S t
E
a
E
indr
E
capr
E
S
E
a
E
indr
E
capr
E
S
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
345
346
347
Integer
(8 bytes)
Imported active energ
(Hi Resolution)
Wh/10
E
a
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
348
Pag. 86 di 152
Page 87
y
+
y
+
y
+
−
y
−
y
−
y
−
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol System config / Notes
349
350
351
Integer
(8 bytes)
Imported inductive energ
(Hi Resolution)
varh/10
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
E
indr
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
352
353
354
355
Integer
(8 bytes)
Imported capacitive energ
(Hi Resolution)
varh/10
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
E
capr
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
356
357
358
359
Integer
(8 bytes)
Imported apparent energ
(Hi Resolution)
VAh/10
E
S
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
360
361
362
363
364
Integer
(8 bytes)
Exported active energy
(Hi Resolution)
Wh/10
E
a
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
365
366
367
368
Integer
(8 bytes)
Exported inductive energ
(Hi Resolution)
varh/10
⇒
E
indr
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
369
370
371
372
Integer
(8 bytes)
Exported capacitive energ
(Hi Resolution)
varh/10
⇒
E
capr
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
373
374
375
376
Integer
(8 bytes)
Exported apparent energ
(Hi Resolution)
VAh/10
E
S
⇒
⇒ Import/ Export only
3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P3W,
Pag. 87 di 152
Page 88
9.4.4 Input Registers (backward compatibility area)
λ
+
+
+
+
+
+
P
In this area the registers guaranteeing the compatibility with the previous ELECTREX products are listed.
This allows compatibility with written software. The considered registers are KILO (T)’s.
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol Wirings / Notes
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Three-phase voltage, RMS
amplitude
Three-phase current, RMS
amplitude
Total Active Power (+/-) W
Total reactive power (+/-) var
Total apparent power VA
Total power factor (+/-) -
Total imported Active Power,
AVG
Total imported apparent power,
AVG
Total imported Active Power,
MD
Total imported apparent power,
MD
Imported active energy KWh
NOT USED
Float
IEEE754
Integer
(4 bytes)
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Imported inductive energy Kvarh
Serial number S/N
Phase to neutral RMS Voltage
Phase to phase RMS Voltage
Phase to neutral RMS Voltage
Phase to phase RMS Voltage
Phase to neutral RMS Voltage
Phase to phase RMS Voltage
Line current, RMS amplitude A
Line current, RMS amplitude A
Line current, RMS amplitude A
V
A
W
VA
W
VA
V
V
V
U
∆
I
Σ
P
Σ
Q
Σ
S
Σ
Σ
P
m
S
m
P
Max
S
Max
E
a
E
indr
U
N
1
U
12
U
N
2
U
23
U
N
3
U
31
I
1
I
2
I
3
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
Return undefined valued, if read.
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P3W, 3P-b 3W, 2P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒
⇒
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
3P4W , 3P3W
3P4W , 3P3W, 3P-b 3W
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
40
41
42 Float Phase Active Power (+/-) W
IEEE754
Float
Phase Active Power (+/-) W
88
P
1
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
Page 89
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol Wirings / Notes
λ
λ
λ
−
−
−
+
+
43 IEEE754
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Phase Active Power (+/-) W
Voltage Input Frequency Hz
Phase reactive power (+/-) var
Phase reactive power (+/-) var
Phase reactive power (+/-) var
Phase apparent power VA
Phase apparent power VA
Phase apparent power VA
Phase reactive power (+/-) var
Phase reactive power (+/-) var
Phase reactive power (+/-) var
Phase power factor (+/-) -
Phase power factor (+/-) -
Phase power factor (+/-) -
NOT AVAILABLE
Float
IEEE754
Exported active energy kWh
NOT USED
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Exported capacitive energy kvar
Exported inductive energy kvar
NOT USED
P
3
Nf1
f
12
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
S
1
S
2
S
3
Q
1
Q
2
Q
3
1
2
3
E
a
E
capr
E
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P3W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W
⇒ 3P4W
⇒ 3P4W
Return undefined valued, if read.
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒
Return undefined valued, if read.
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
indr
⇒
Return undefined valued, if read.
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
Import/ Export only
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
Import/ Export only
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
Import/ Export only
3P3W,
3P3W,
3P3W,
84
85
Float
IEEE754
Total imported capacitive energy kvar
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
E
capr
⇒
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
Import/ Export only
3P3W,
86
:
NOT AVAILABLE
Return undefined valued, if read.
93
94
95
IEEE754
Float
Total imported inductive power,
AVG
var
89
Q
indm
⇒ 3P4W, 3P-b 4W, 1P2W,
⇒
3P-b 3W, 2P2W
Import/ Export only
3P3W,
Page 90
Addr. Type Description Unit Symbol Wirings / Notes
96
:
NOT AVAILABLE
Return undefined valued, if read.
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
:
199
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Float
IEEE754
Phase to neutral Voltage, THD
%
Phase to phase Voltage, THD
Line current, THD %
Phase to neutral Voltage, THD
%
Phase to phase Voltage, THD
Line current, THD %
Phase to neutral Voltage, THD
%
Phase to phase Voltage, THD
Line current, THD %
RESERVED
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
THD
U
U
U
U
U
U
⇒ 3P4W
N
1
⇒ 3P3W
12
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
I
1
⇒ 3P4W
N
2
⇒ 3P3W
23
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
I
2
⇒ 3P4W
N
3
⇒ 3P3W
31
⇒ 3P4W, 3P3W
I
3
Return undefined valued, if read.
90
Page 91
9.4.5 Coils (back compatibility)
Coils area compatible with the previous instruments:
Coils, back compatibility
Address Description
0 Clear AVG (1,3)
1 Clear AVG (1,3)
2 Clear MD (1,3)
3 Clear MD (1,3)
4 Clear energy counters (1)
5 Warm boot (1)
6 AVG/MD synchronization (1,3)
7 Clear MD (1,3)
8 Not allocated
9 Out 1 (3)
10 Out 2 (3)
11 Not allocated
12 Digital outs watchdog enable (3)
13 Not allocated
14 Not allocated
15 Not allocated
16 Not allocated
17 Swap words & bytes (2, 4)
18 Not allocated
Reset all the power values in floating average
as 0001
Reset all the power peak values
as 0003
Reset all the energy counters
Reinitialize the instrument (does not reset the counters)
Synchronize the integration period
as 0003
Controls output nr. 1 (if the alarm use is inhibited)
Controls output nr. 2 (if the alarm use is inhibited)
Protection Timer on inputs in minutes
Format Control of the memory stored data
Note:
9.4.6 X3M coils
Proprietary X3M coils area.
X3M Coils
Address Description
64 Swap bytes (5)
65 Swap words (5)
66 Reset (warm boot) (1,2)
67 Clear energy counters (1,2)
68 Power integration synchronization (1,2)
69 Clear AVG powers (1,2)
70 Clear MD powers (1,2)
71 NOT USED (1)
(1) Reading the coil the result is always 1.
(2) The command is triggered on the leading edge, that is when the coil is set to 1 (TRUE). It is not necessary to set the
coil to 0 after setting it to 1.
(4) Negative logic, to be compatible with Kilo:
Coil = 1 Swap Bytes = Swap Words = FALSE (Motorola like, as Modbus standard)
Coil = 0 Swap Bytes = Swap Words = TRUE (Intel like).
The measurement resets “Swap Bytes” flag status (negative).
(5) If set to 1 (TRUE), it inverts the bytes order (or word order) respect to the modbus standard (Motorola like).
Data format control in memory
Data format control in memory
Reinitialize the device (does not reset the counters)
Reset all the energy counters
Synchronize the integration time.
Reset all the power value in moving average
Reset all the power peak values
Note:
91
Page 92
10 File organization and management in the X3M flash memory.
10.1 File system
X3M uses a “Flash-Disk” for the storage of its configuration parameters, readings and other operating
information.
Data on disk are organized in record files, as specified by the Modbus standard.
Files are accessed through the Modbus functions “Write General File” and “Read General File”.
Available space is 2.088.960 bytes, organized in 4.096 allocation units of 510 bytes each. As each file occupies
at least one allocation unit, there may be at most 4096 disk files.
Each file is uniquely identified by a 2-byte index (file number, 0 to 65535) and can contain up to 10,000 records,
numbered from 0 to 9,999. The record max size is 238 bytes.
Records in the same file must all share the same size. The only exception to this rule is record 0, whose size
may differ from the others. Record 0 is also called the file header: All other records (data records) are the file
body.
The first four bytes of record 0 are called “record definition structure” and contain information that is essential for
file data access, such as:
− Header size;
− Size for each record in the data area;
− Information pertaining to the file organization and content:
RAW Flag:
0 = Structured file;
1 = Raw file;
NON HOMOGENEOUS Flag:
0 = all data records share the same format (homogeneous file);
1 = the file structure is such as to allow saving data records of different formats (non
homogeneous file);
OUTPUT Flag:
0 = The instrument treats this file as read only file (e.g. configuration file);
1 = This file is written by the instrument (e.g. report);
DIRECTORY Flag: when set (flag == 1) the file is a disk directory;
The structure of X3M files is detailed in the following pages.
92
Page 93
Record Number
Generic file structure
Record Size
(bytes)
Record definition structure
0
h
(h ≤ 238)
(4 bytes)
Field Name and Size Type Value
Header Size
(1 byte)
Data record size
(1 byte)
Reserved
(1 byte)
Reserved
(1 byte)
Reserved
(1 byte)
Reserved
(1 byte)
DIRECTORY Flag
(1 bit)
OUTPUT Flag
(1 bit)
NON HOMOGENEOUS Flag
(1 bit)
RAW Flag
(1 bit)
Other header fields - -
Unsigned
integer
Unsigned
integer
Unsigned
integer
Unsigned
integer
Unsigned
integer
Unsigned
integer
Flag -
Flag -
Flag -
Flag -
h
d
0
0
0
0
1
2 d Data - -
:
:
N
(N ≤ 9999)
d
(d ≤ 238)
:
:
d Data - -
Data - -
:
:
:
:
:
:
All numeric values in file fields are in big-endian order.
Each file contains the following information:
Name (alphanumeric string of 36 characters max length);
Creation date/time;
Last modification date/time.
This information is accessible through the disc directories as explained further on in this document.
It should be noted that file names need not be unique: it is therefore possible to have more than one file bearing
the same name. Files are uniquely identified by their file number only.
93
Page 94
10.1.1 Types of file
The X3M classifies the possible 65.536 files in 256 “types” according to the value of most significant byte of the
file number. The least significant byte is used to identify the possible 256 files belonging to each type.
The designation that will be used in the following pages will be:
type.number
where type and number are hexadecimal values in the interval 00 and FF.
Example
02.07 it identifies the 7th file of type 2 (modbus index 0207h ≡ 519 decimal)
03.8B it identifies the 139th file of type 3 (modbus index 038Bh ≡ 907 decimal)
Each file type is dedicated to a specific service:
- The file types 1-254 are reserved for storage of the field readings and for the instrument configuration
parameters:
Type 1: Load profiles logging;
Type 2: System logs;
Type 3: Configuration logs;
Type 4: Events log (voltage losses and overcurrent);
Type 5: Peaks logging;
Type 6: Time-of-use tariff calendar;
Type 7: Time-of-use energy counters;
Type 8: Time-of use maximum demand;
Type 253: user defined files;
Type 254: user defined files;
- The file type 255 is reserved for access to the memory area containing the instrument firmware
(firmware up/download);
- The file type 0 designates the disk “directories”.
94
Page 95
10.1.2 File structure
There are two file categories:
− files containing structured information, whose fields have an assigned type (structured files)
− files containing “raw” data, without defined fields, or field types (raw files)
Raw files are distinguished by the RAW FILE flag in the record definition structure
10.1.3 Structured Files
Structured files are mostly used to save on disc the values of variables allocated in the device volatile memory.
These variables can be used to hold configuration values (input variables) or to hold the results of the analysis
and data logging functions (output variables)
.
Each structured file contains one or more “Variable definition structures” describing the variables format and
content:
Variable definition structure
Field
Size
1 byte Reserved Unsigned integer Reserved 0
Field Name Field Type Field Description Values
1 byte Descriptor list size Unsigned integer
Descriptor 1
Descriptor 2
:
Descriptor m
s bytes
Descriptor
List
-
Size(in bytes) of the descriptor list container in the
structure
A list of descriptors defining the variables stored in the
file.
s
-
Structured files can be of two types:
− HOMOGENEOUS FILES containing data records sharing the same format;
− NON HOMOGENEOUS FILES, containing data records whose format may differ
Homogeneous files contain - in the file header - a single variable definition structure.
Non-homogeneous files contain a variable definition structure per data record: their header contains only the
record definition structure.
Homogeneous and non-homogeneous files can be distinguished by the value of the NON HOMOGENEOUS
FILE flag, in the record definition structure.
95
Page 96
10.1.4 Descriptors
Each descriptor listed in the “variable definition structure” defines a file variable. The structure of a generic
descriptor is as follows:
Generic descriptor
Filed Size Field Name Field Type Field Description
1 byte Descriptor size Unsigned Integer Descriptor size (in bytes)
1 bit
1 bit Single allocation flag Flag
6 bits Variable type ID Unsigned Integer
Varies with the
value of the field
“Variable type ID”
Varies with the
value of the field
“Variable type ID”
External allocation
flag
Variable Identification
Variable
Varies with the value
of the field “Variable
Varies with the value
of the field “Variable
Flag
type ID”
type ID”
flag=0 indicates that the variable is stored within the descriptor;
If flag=1 the variable is stored externally.
This flag is significant only if the variable is allocated externally to
the descriptor;
flag=0 indicates that the file contains only one copy of the variable;
If flag=1 means the file contains multiple copies.
Numeric index: identifies the data type of the variable defined by
this descriptor.
A parameter (which may be simple or a structure) identifying the
defined variable.
Variable defined by this descriptor (which may be simple or a
structure).
This field is present only if the external allocation flag is set to
0.
Descriptors – and the variables they define - are further classified, as follows, according to the values of the
external allocation and single allocation flags:
Variable Descriptor Types in structured files
External Allocation
Flag
0 0
0 1
1 0 External multiple allocation
1 1 External single allocation
Single Allocation Flag Descriptor Type
Internal allocation
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The following variable types are defined:
Name ID Description
Word
Variable types
01h 2 bytes: signed or unsigned integer
Generic
Types
Date/Time
DoubleWord
QuadWord
Byte pair
Byte Array
Unix Timestamp
Unix Timestamp +
offset
Unix Timestamp +
DST flag
Date
Time
02h 4 bytes: signed or unsigned integer or single accuracy IEEE-754 float
03h 8 bytes: signed or unsigned integer or double accuracy IEEE-754 float
04h
05h
06h
07h
08h
09h
0Ah
Structure having two fields, each consisting of one byte (signed or
unsigned integer).
Variable length byte array (alphanumeric ASCIIZ string or array of
signed or unsigned integers)
Number of non leap seconds since the so called Unix Epoch (1/1/1970
00:00:00)
Structured type including the following fields:
− Number of non leap seconds since the so called Unix Epoch
(1/1/1970 00:00:00);
− GMT offset in minutes (signed);
− DST offset in minutes (signed).
Structured type including the following fields:
− Number of non leap seconds since the so called Unix Epoch
(1/1/1970 00:00:00);
− Flag indicating if, at this instant, STANDARD TIME or
DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME is in effect.
Structured type including the following fields:
Century, Year, Month, Day
Structured type including the following fields:
Hours, Minutes, Seconds, DST flag
Structured type including the following fields:
Century, Year, Month, Day, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, DST flag
Structured type defining an arithmetic operation (e.g. comparison) to
be carried out between two input registers
Modbus
Registers
Date/Time
Input Registers
Group
Holding Registers
Group
Arithmetic Operation
between 2 Input
Registers
0Bh
0Ch Structured type including a group of contiguous input registers
0Dh Structured type including a group of contiguous holding registers
0Eh
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The following table indicates the formats of each variable type and of the corresponding parameters:
Variable types
Type
Name
Type
ID
Variable Variable Identification
Word
DoubleWord
QuadWord
01h
02h
03h
Field Size
(bytes)
2
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field
Name
Variable
ID
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field Type Description
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Numeric index identifying the
variable defined by the
Numeric index identifying the
Numeric index identifying the
descriptor
variable defined by the
descriptor
variable defined by the
descriptor
Field SIze
(bytes)
2 WORD
Field size
(bytes)
4 DWORD
Field size
(bytes)
8 QWORD
Field
Name
Field
name
Field
name
Field Type Description
Signed or unsigned
integer
Field type Description
Signed or unsigned
integer or single
precision IEEE754 float
Field type Description
Signed or unsigned
integer or double
precision IEEE754 float
2 byte data
4 byte data
8 byte data
Byte pair
04h
Field size
(bytes)
1 BYTE 1
1 BYTE 2
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Numeric index identifying the
variable defined by the
descriptor
Field
name
Field type Description
Signed or unsigned
integer
Signed or unsigned
integer
Structure: 2 fields,
one byte each
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Variable types
Type
Name
Type
ID
Variable Variable Identification
Byte Array
Unix Epoch
Time
Unix Epoch
Time +
offset
05h
06h
07h
Field size
(bytes)
Field size
(bytes)
2
2 Array Size
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Numeric index identifying the
variable defined by the
descriptor
Array size
(bytes)
Numeric index identifying the
variable defined by the
Numeric index identifying the
descriptor
variable defined by the
descriptor
1 BYTE 1
1 BYTE 2
: : :
1
Field size
(bytes)
4
Field size
(bytes)
4
2 GMT offset
2 DST offset
Field
name
BYTE
N
Field name Field type Description
UNIX
TIMESTAMP
Field name Field type Description
UNIX
TIMESTAMP
Field type Description
Signed or
unsigned integer
or ASCII character
Signed or
unsigned integer
or ASCII character
Signed or
unsigned integer
or ASCII character
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
signed
integer
signed
integer
Array of signed or
unsigned integers or
an ASCIIZ string with
an N maximum length.
If the string is N
character, the final
NULL can be omitted.
Number of non leap
seconds since the so
called Unix Epoch
(1/1/1970 00:00:00)
Number of non leap seconds
since the so called Unix Epoch
(1/1/1970 00:00:00)
GMT offset in minutes
DST offset in minutes
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Variable types
Type
Name
Type
ID
Variable Variable Identification
Unix Epoch
Time + DST
flag
Date
Hour
08h
09h
0Ah
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field size
(bytes)
2
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field
name
Variable
ID
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
Numeric index identifying the
variable defined by the
Numeric index identifying the
Numeric index identifying the
descriptor
variable defined by the
descriptor
variable defined by the
descriptor
Field size
(bytes)
4
1 DST flag Boolean
1 Reserved - Reserved
Field size
(bytes)
Field size
(bytes)
Field name Field type Description
UNIX
TIMESTAMP
Field name Field type Description
1 Century
1 Year
1 Month
1 Day
Field
name
1 Ore
1 Minutes
1 Seconds
1 DST flag Boolean
unsigned
integer
Field type Description
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
Number of non leap
seconds since the so called
Unix Epoch (1/1/1970
00:00:00)
Flag indicating if, at this
instant, STANDARD TIME
or DAYLIGHT SAVING
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
unsigned
integer
Flag indicating if, at this
TIME is in effect.
Century
Year
Month
Day
Hours
Minutes
Seconds
instant, STANDARD
TIME or DAYLIGHT
SAVING TIME is in
effect
.
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