Echo CS-260TES User Manual [ru]

1Ɉɛɥɨɠɤɚ

ɊɍɋɋɄɂɃ

ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼɈ ɉɈ ɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂ

ɐȿɉɇȺə ȻȿɇɁɈɉɂɅȺ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɧɵɦ
ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ.
ɉɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɣɬɟ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɇɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ
ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦ
ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ.

ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ

2ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ

Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɰɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢɡ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ.
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ, ɥɢɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ, ɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɵ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ
ɧɟɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ.

Ʉɪɚɣɧɟ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɵ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɭɫɜɨɢɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɢɥɵ.
ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɱɪɟɜɚɬɨ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦɢ.
ɇɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ

ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ, ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ, ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɵ ECHO.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɵ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɦ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɜ
ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ.
ɏɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɧɟɦɭ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ȿɫɥɢ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɚɥ ɧɟɪɚɡɛɨɪɱɢɜɵɦ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɬɟɪɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɢɬɟ ɧɨɜɵɣ
ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪ ɭ ɞɢɥɟɪɚ ECHO.

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɪɟɧɞɭ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɥɢɰɚɦ, ɩɪɢɨɛɳɢɬɟ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɪɚɡɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ.
ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɣɬɟ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɦɭ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɭ

Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɢ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢ, ɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɵ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɭɜɟɞɨɦɥɟɧɢɹ.
ɇɚ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɰɢɹɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɤɫɟɫɫɭɚɪɵ, ɢ ɜ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ
ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɧɹɬɵɦɢ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɰɟɩɶɸ.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɲɢɧɭ ɢ ɰɟɩɶ.
ɉɪɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɚɫɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ, ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɞɢɥɟɪɭ

ECHO.

ɞɟɬɹɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɣ.

ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ.

.

ɜ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɭɸ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɸ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ.

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ: "ɅȿȽɄɂɃ ɁȺɉɍɋɄ"
"ɅȿȽɄɂɃ ɁȺɉɍɋɄ" ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɟɧɱɚɬɨɝɨ ɜɚɥɚ, ɫ

ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ
"ɅȿȽɄɂɃ ɁȺɉɍɋɄ" ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɝɚɪɚɡɞɨ ɩɪɨɳɟ, ɱɟɦ ȼɵ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɬɟ.

ɩɭɫɤ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ, ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ.

2

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ

ɇɚɤɥɟɣɤɢ ɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ .........................................................................................................4

ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ .......................................................................................5

0. ɐɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɦ ......................................................................5

1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.....................................................................................8

2. Ɇɟɪɵ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ ........................................................................................11

3. ɉɪɨɱɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ..................................................................................12

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ .........................................................................................................................14

ɋɛɨɪɤɚ..............................................................................................................................15

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɢ ɰɟɩɢ ..............................................................................15

ɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ ..................................................................................................................16

Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɢ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ............................................................................16

ɋɦɚɡɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɰɟɩɢ ........................................................................................................16

Ɂɚɩɭɫɤ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ .....................................................................................17

Ɂɚɩɭɫɤ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɬɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ....................................................................................18

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ.......................................................................................................18

Ɉɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ.................................................................................................19

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɰɟɩɢ ......................................................................................19

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɩɢɥɟɧɢɹ ...........................................................................19

ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ ɰɟɩɢ ......................................................................20

ɐɟɩɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɦɨɡ ...........................................................................................................20

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ.....................................................................21

ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ ɰɟɩɢ........................................................................................21

Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ (ɧɟ ɪɭɱɧɨɣ) ɬɨɪɦɨɡ ɰɟɩɢ...................................................................21

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɟ .............................................................................................22

Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ................................................................................................22

ȼɚɥɤɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɟɜ ..........................................................................................................23

Ɉɛɪɟɡɤɚ ɫɭɱɶɟɜ ɢ ɜɟɬɜɟɣ...........................................................................................24

Ɋɚɫɤɪɹɠɟɜɤɚ ...............................................................................................................24

Ɋɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɠɚɬɢɟ ɜ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɟ...........................................................................25

Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ..............................................................26

ɇɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɢɯ

ɍɯɨɞ ɡɚ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɶɸ ..................................................................................................28

Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ...........................................................................................30

ȼɨɡɞɭɯɨɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ ....................................................................................................30

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ .................................................................................30

Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ....................................................................................................30

Ɇɚɫɥɹɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ......................................................................................................30

ɋɜɟɱɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ........................................................................................................30

Ɉɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɛɪɚ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɚ (ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ) ........................................31

ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɲɢɧɚ.................................................................................................31

Ɂɜɟɡɞɨɱɤɚ ...................................................................................................................31

Ʉɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪ ................................................................................................................31

Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɦɚɡɤɢ .............................................................................. 31

ɏɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ .........................................................................................................................32

Ⱦɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ (ɫɜɵɲɟ 30 ɞɧɟɣ)...................................................................32

ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ......................................................................................................................33

Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ .........................................................................................34

ɧɚɬɹɠɤɢ ɰɟɩɢ .............................................................................................19

ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ .....................................................................27

3

ɇɚɤɥɟɣɤɢ ɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ

ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

ɋɢɦɜɨɥ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɶɸ "ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ",
ɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ,
ɱɪɟɜɚɬɵɟ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɦɟɪɬɶɸ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɰ.

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ

"ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ" ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ

ɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ.
ɇɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɨ ɫ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɢ
ɥɟɝɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ.

ɋɢɦɜɨɥ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ / ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ ɋɢɦɜɨɥ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ / ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ

ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

ɋɢɦɜɨɥ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɶɸ
"ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ", ɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ

ɢɥɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ, ɱɪɟɜɚɬɵɟ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ
ɫɦɟɪɬɶɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɰ.

ɉɟɪɟɱɟɪɤɧɭɬɵɣ ɤɪɭɝ
ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ
ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɟ ɜ
ɤɪɭɝɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨ.

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ

ȼ ɪɚɦɤɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ
ɫɨɜɟɬɵ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ, ɭɯɨɞɭ ɢ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ.

ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ / ɦɚɫɥɹɧɵɣ

ɧɚɫɨɫ

Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɰɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɫ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɦ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ.

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɨɩɚɫɧɚ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ
ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɫɥɭɯɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɣ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɭɛɨɪ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɧɨɝ ɢ ɪɭɤ.

ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ!
Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ!

Ⱥɜɚɪɢɣɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɰɟɩɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɦɚɡɤɢ ɰɟɩɢ

ɇɚɫɨɫ ɩɨɞɤɚɱɤɢ (ɉɪɚɣɦɟɪ)

Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ

- ɋɦɟɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɨɜ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪɚ

- ɋɦɟɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɨɜ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪɚ

- ɏɨɥɨɫɬɨɣ ɯɨɞ

ɡɜɭɤɚ

ɤɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪɚ

Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ

ɇɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɷɬɭ ɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɭ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɜɚɲɟɦ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɟ.
ɉɨɥɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɤɥɟɟɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ
ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ "Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ"- ɷɬɨ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɚɦ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɢɯ ɧɚ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɟ.

ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɢ ɪɚɡɛɨɪɱɢɜɵ,ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɧɚɤɥɟɟɤ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɧɟɪɚɡɛɨɪɱɢɜɨɣ, ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɡɚɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɭ ɞɢɥɟɪɚ ECHO.

4

ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

0. ɐɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɦ

ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ

Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɰɟɩɶ 25AP ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɣ ɲɢɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ
ɜɵɫɨɬɨɪɟɡɨɜ (X101-000010).
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɨɩɚɫɧɨ.

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ

Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɞɢɥɟɪɭ ECHO.

 Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɢ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɟɜ, ɬ.ɟ. ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɧɚ

ɡɟɦɥɟ, ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ.
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɚ.

 Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɵ ɤ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ "ɫɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ" ɢ "ɨɬɫɤɨɤɚ", ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɣ ɪɢɫɤ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ

ɨɬɞɚɱɚ.
Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɣɬɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ "ɩɪɨɜɚɥɚ" ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɚ.

 ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɬɚɤɨɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɬɥɢ, ɪɟɦɧɢ, ɫɬɪɨɩɵ,
ɬɪɨɫɵ ɢ ɤɚɪɚɛɢɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɛɹ ɢ ɩɢɥɵ.

 ɉɪɢ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɟ ɩɢɥɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɜɟɪɟɜɤɢ, ɩɪɢɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɤ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɨɦɭ ɤɪɸɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ

ɞɟɪɟɜɟ, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɧɵɣ ɤɪɸɤ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧ ɩɨɞ

Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɩɧɵɦɢ ɩɢɥɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ ɫɨ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɪɨɩɚɦɢ ɢ ɪɟɦɧɹɦɢ, ɧɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɤɭ.
ɂɦ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɧɚ ɡɟɦɥɟ, ɨɛɭɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦ ɩɪɢ ɷɤɫɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ
ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɵ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɪɟɦɧɹɦɢ, ɜɟɪɟɜɤɚɦɢ, ɤɚɧɚɬɚɦɢ, ɤɚɪɚɛɢɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ

ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɢɥɵ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ

ɇɚɡɟɦɧɵɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ, ɡɚɩɪɚɜɢɬɶ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ, ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɬɶ ɰɟɩɧɭɸ ɩɢɥɭ, ɚ
ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ.
ɐɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɩɨɦ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɟɟ ɤ ɪɟɦɧɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ:

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɤ ɪɟɦɧɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ

 ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɨɩ ɧɚ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɢɥɵ;

ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɶɬɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɤɚɪɚɛɢɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ (ɬ.ɟ. ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɬɪɨɩ) ɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ (ɬ.ɟ. ɤ ɬɨɱɤɟ



ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɢɥɟ) ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɵ ɤ ɪɟɦɧɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ;

 ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɟ ɩɢɥɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɢɥɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ;
 ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ ɩɢɥɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ

ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ ɤ ɪɟɦɧɸ.
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɵ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ.
Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɟɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɤ ɪɟɦɧɸ.

ɧɟ ɧɚ ɡɟɦɥɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɭɱɟɧ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɥɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ.

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɛɹ ɢ ɩɢɥɵ.

ɪɟɦɧɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɤ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɪɟɦɧɹ

ɉɢɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɨɱɤɚɯ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɦɧɟ.
ɗɬɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ (ɫɩɟɪɟɞɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɡɚɞɢ) ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɛɨɤɚɦ.
ɉɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ
ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ.
ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɥɵ ɨɬ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨ
ɨɧɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɧɨɜɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɟɟ ɨɬ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɝɨ.

ɫɡɚɞɢ ɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɦɟɲɚɥɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɦ, ɚ ɟɟ ɜɟɫ

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ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ
ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ - ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ.
ȼ ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɦ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɥɨ ɛɵ ɢɦ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɭ ɨɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɢɫɤ ɬɪɚɜɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡ-ɡɚ

 ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɪɟɩɤɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɭ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ,

 ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ

ɤɚɧɚɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ (ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɥɟɜɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ

 ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɟɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ

(ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɢɥɨɣ).

1. Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ

ɑɬɨɛɵ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɭ ɨɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ, ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ
ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɢɥɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ

 ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɛɟɞɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɢɥɟɧɢɢ ɢ
 ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɨɥɧɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɥɟɬɟɧɢɹ - ɩɪɢ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɦ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɨɱɤɭ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ

Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɛɥɢɡɤɨ ɤ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɜɨɥɭ ɫ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜɫɟ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ - ɷɬɨ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ.
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɟɦɭ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɨɤɨɜɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɨɱɤɭ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɬɚ, ɢɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɪɟɦɧɹ ɤ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ.

ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɩɢɥɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɞɟɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ

ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ,

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ "ɫɬɪɟɦɟɧɢ" ɢɡ ɩɟɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɩɚ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ
"ɫɬɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ" ɢɡ ɩɟɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɩɚ.

2. Ɂɚɩɭɫɤ ɩɢɥɵ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɩɢɥɵ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

 ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɦɨɡ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦ,
 ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɭ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɬ ɫɟɛɹ,

1. ɫɥɟɜɚ: ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɨɬ ɫɟɛɹ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɲɧɭɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ, ɢɥɢ

2. ɫɩɪɚɜɚ

ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɬɨɪɦɨɡ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɩ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɚɦɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɦ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɬɶ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɥɢ ɩɢɥɚ
ɡɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ.

: ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɡɚ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɨɬ ɫɟɛɹ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ

ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɲɧɭɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ.

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3. Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ

ɇɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɰɟɩɧɵɦɢ ɩɢɥɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹɯ, ɟɫɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ; ɞɥɹ ɨɬɩɢɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɟɬɨɤ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɭɱɧɭɸ
ɩɢɥɭ.
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɰɟɩɧɵɦɢ ɩɢɥɚɦɢ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹɯ, ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ
 ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɢɥɨɣ

ɪɭɤɚɦɢ,

 ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɩɢɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɬɨɪɭɸ ɪɭɤɭ ɢɥɢ
 ɩɢɥɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɵɬɹɧɭɬɵɯ ɪɭɤɚɯ, ɩɨɞ ɩɪɹɦɵɦɢ ɭɝɥɚɦɢ ɨɬ ɢ ɤ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɬɟɥɚ

ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɧɢ ɩɪɢ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɯ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ

 ɩɢɥɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɰɨɦ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ - ɡɨɧɚ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ,
 ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɩɢɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ
 ɩɵɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɥɨɜɢɬɶ ɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ.

4. ȼɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɫɬɪɹɜɲɟɣ ɩɢɥɵ

ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɡɚɫɬɪɹɥɚ, ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
 ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɩɢɥɭ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,

ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɫɬɜɨɥɭ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ) ɢɥɢ ɤ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɬɪɨɫɭ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ,

 ɜɵɬɹɧɭɬɶ ɩɢɥɭ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɚ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɹ ɜɟɬɤɭ,
 ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɭɱɧɭɸ

ɡɚɫɬɪɹɜɲɟɣ ɩɢɥɵ, ɫɞɟɥɚɜ ɩɪɨɩɢɥ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 30 ɫɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɫɬɪɹɜɲɟɣ ɩɢɥɵ.
ɉɪɨɩɢɥ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɫɬɪɹɜɲɟɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɞɟɥɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚɪɭɠɭ (ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɤ
ɤɨɧɰɚɦ ɜɟɬɨɤ), ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɡɚɫɬɪɟɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɢɥɵ ɜ ɨɬɩɢɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ
ɭɫɥɨɠɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ.

ɩɢɥɭ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɰɟɩɧɭɸ ɩɢɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ

ɨɛɟɢɦɢ

7

1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

 ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɵ.

Ɍɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɵ ɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɟɟ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ.

ɇɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ.
 ɉɪɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɞɢɥɟɪɭ ECHO.

Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ

 ɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɜ ɭɬɨɦɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɶɹɧɟɧɢɹ, ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ.
 ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɟɛɵɜɚɥ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɢ

ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ.

ɇɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɫɦɟɪɬɢ.

ȿɫɥɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɯɭɞɲɢɬɶɫɹ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɨɣ, ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɟɣ

ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɩɪɨɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɜɪɚɱɨɦ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ, ɱɟɦ

ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɤ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ.

ɇɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɜ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɟɧɧɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɭɬɨɦɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ, ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɤɚɤɢɯ-

ɥɢɛɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ, ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɪɟɧɢɟ, ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢ

ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ.

ɋɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ (ɋɂɁ)

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ

ɇɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɚɬɭ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɭɲɟɣ.

 ȼ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɝɥɚɡ.

ɓɟɩɤɢ, ɩɵɥɶ, ɥɨɦɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɦɭɫɨɪ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɛɪɨɲɟɧɵ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɶɸ ɜ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɥɢɰɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ.

ɋɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɝɥɚɡ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɩɢɥɶɧɚɹ

ɰɟɩɶ ɨɬɫɤɨɱɢɬ ɢ ɩɨɩɚɞɟɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɝɥɚɡ.

ȿɫɥɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɬɚɤɨɜɵ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɝɥɚɡ ɧɚɞɟɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɦɚɫɤɭ.
 ECHO ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬ ɜ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɫɥɭɯɚ.

ɇɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɫɥɭɯɚ.

Ɋɢɫɤ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɫɥɭɯɚ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɧɚɭɲɧɢɤɨɜ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɤɥɚɞɵɲɟɣ

ɞɥɹ ɭɲɟɣ, ɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ

ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ.

 ȼɫɟ ɥɢɰɚ,
 ȼ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɧɚɞɟɜɚɣɬɟ ɲɥɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɲɚɩɤɭ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ.

ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜɟɞɭɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ, ɝɞɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ

ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ, ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ ɤɚɫɤɭ.

 ɇɚɞɟɜɚɣɬɟ ɝɪɭɛɵɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɢɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɱɚɬɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɥɭɱɲɟɝɨ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ

(ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚ)

 ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɛɨɬɢɧɤɢ ɫ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɧɨɫɤɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɫɚɩɨɝɢ ɫ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɟɣ

ɩɨɞɨɲɜɨɣ.
 ɇɟ ɧɚɞɟɜɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɭɸ ɨɞɟɠɞɭ, ɧɟɡɚɫɬɟɝɧɭɬɵɟ ɪɭɛɚɲɤɢ, ɪɭɛɚɲɤɢ ɫ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɦɢ

ɪɭɤɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɧɠɟɬɚɦɢ, ɲɚɪɮɵ, ɝɚɥɫɬɭɤɢ, ɭɤɪɚɲɟɧɢɹ, ɰɟɩɨɱɤɢ ɢ ɞɪ., ɱɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɰɟɩɢɬɶɫɹ

ɡɚ ɰɟɩɧɭɸ ɩɢɥɭ ɢɥɢ ɜɟɬɤɭ.
 Ɉɞɟɠɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ

Ɉɞɟɠɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɨɛɥɟɝɚɬɶ ɬɟɥɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɡɚɰɟɩɢɬɶ ɢ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɢɬɶ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ, ɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɧɨɣ, ɧɟ ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɹɬɶ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ.
 Ȼɪɸɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɦɢ, ɛɟɡ ɨɬɜɨɪɨɬɨɜ; ɢɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɥɢɛɨ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɢɬɶ ɜ

ɝɨɥɟɧɢɳɚ ɫɚɩɨɝ, ɥɢɛɨ ɭɤɨɪɨɬɢɬɶ.
 Ɂɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɤɭɪɬɤɢ, ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɝ

ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ - ɜɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ

ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ.
 ɇɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɜ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɤɭ.

ɉɨɡɚɛɨɬɶɬɟɫɶ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɫɥɵɲɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɬɨ-ɬɨ

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɫɹ, ɧɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ɟɫɥɢ ȼɚɦ ɩɨɧɚɞɨɛɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ.

ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɢɥɵ, ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɭ ɫɥɭɯɚ.

ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɯɨɥɨɞɚ ɢ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɢ.

ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ.

ɜɟɧɬɢɥɢɪɭɟɦɭɸ ɦɚɫɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɥɢɰɚ,

, ɛɪɸɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɢɡ

8

Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɨ





ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ

Ȼɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ.
ɉɪɨɥɢɜ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ
ɢ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ.
Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɭɬɢɬɟ ɩɪɨɛɤɭ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ; ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɧɟɬ ɥɢ ɩɪɨɬɟɱɤɢ.
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɬɟɱɤɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ, ɧɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɹ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɠɚɪɭ.

ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ

ɋɢɥɶɧɨ ɧɟ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɨɣ ɤɥɸɱ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɪɨɛɤɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɢɡ
ɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɚ.
ȼɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɛɤɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɨɛɤɚ ɛɚɤɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɚ, ɧɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɞɢɥɟɪɭ ECHO ɞɥɹ ɟɟ
ɡɚɦɟɧɵ.

1. ɉɪɨɛɤɚ ɦɚɫɥɹɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ

2. ɉɪɨɛɤɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ
A: ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ
B: ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ

 ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɢɫɬɪɵ.
 ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɝɧɟɬɭɲɢɬɟɥɶ ɢɥɢ ɥɨɩɚɬɭ.

Ⱦɚɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɥɟɫɭ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ.

 ɇɟ ɤɭɪɢɬɟ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɦɟɫɬ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɧɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɧɢɦ

ɨɝɧɹ ɢɥɢ ɢɫɤɪ.

 Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɣ ɛɚɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ.

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɤɭ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɤɭ.

 ȿɫɥɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ ɨɬɤɪɭɬɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɛɤɭ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɥɹɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ ɬɹɠɟɥɨ, ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ

ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɦ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦ ɤɥɸɱɨɦ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɚɡ ɩɪɨɛɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ
ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ.

Ɂɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɣ ɛɚɤ ɧɚ ɭɥɢɰɟ ɧɚ ɩɭɫɬɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɡɟɦɥɢ; ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ



ɡɚɤɪɭɬɢɬɟ ɩɪɨɛɤɭ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ.
ɇɟ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ.

 ȼɵɬɢɪɚɣɬɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ, ɩɨɩɚɜɲɟɟ ɧɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ.
 Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɬ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ.
 ɇɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɫ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɜ ɛɚɤɟ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɭɬɟɱɤɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɠɚɪɭ.

ɫ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ

9

ɉɭɫɤ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ

ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ

ɇɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɧɚ ɜɟɫɭ.
Ɂɚɩɭɫɤ ɧɚ ɜɟɫɭ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɥɵ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ
ɬɪɚɜɦ.
Ɂɚɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ.

 ɉɟɪɟɞ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɨɬɨɣɞɢɬɟ ɫ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɧɚ 3 ɦɟɬɪɚ ɨɬ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɢ

ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.

 ɇɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɦ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ.

ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɡɨɧɵ.
ɇɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɨ.

 ɇɟ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɣɬɟ ɤ ɩɢɥɟɧɢɸ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ

ɨɩɨɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɝ ɢ ɩɭɬɶ ɨɬɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɡɨɧɵ ɩɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ.

 ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɬɶ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɭ, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɰɟɩɶ ɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɦɢ

ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ.

 ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɩɢɥɵ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɭɯɢɦɢ, ɱɢɫɬɵɦɢ ɛɟɡ ɫɥɟɞɨɜ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɢ

ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ.

 Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ

ȼɵɯɥɨɩɧɵɟ ɝɚɡɵ, ɦɟɥɤɚɹ ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɥɹɧɚɹ ɩɵɥɶ (ɨɬ ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɵ) ɢ ɨɩɢɥɤɢ ɜɪɟɞɧɵ
ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ.

 Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɩɢɥɵ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɪɨɜɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ

ɥɟɜɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ, ɫ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɩɪɢɠɢɦɚɹ ɟɟ ɡɚɞɧɸɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɞɧɸɸ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɩɪɚɜɵɦ ɤɨɥɟɧɨɦ ɢ
ɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɲɧɭɪ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ.

ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ.

ɪɚɫɱɢɳɟɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɵ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɚɹ

Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ

1. ɑɟɯɨɥ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ

 ɉɪɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɱɟɯɨɥ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ.
 ɉɟɪɟɧɨɫɤɚ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ,

ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɲɢɧɚ ɢ ɩɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɰɟɩɶ ɛɵɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɢ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɨɬ ȼɚɫ.

10

2. Ɇɟɪɵ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ

ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ

Ɇɟɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ: ɨɬɞɚɱɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɬɶ
ɩɪɢ ɤɚɫɚɧɢɢ ɧɨɫɤɨɦ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɳɟɦɥɟɧɢɢ
ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ ɜ ɪɟɡɟ.

 ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɨɫɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɫɤɚ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ

ɦɝɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɭɞɚɪ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɲɢɧɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɟɡɤɨ ɨɬɛɪɨɲɟɧɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɢ ɜɜɟɪɯ ɩɨ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ (ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ).
Ɂɚɳɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɜɟɪɯɚ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɧɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ ɩɢɥɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɨɬɛɪɨɲɟɧɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ, ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ (ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦ).

 Ʌɸɛɚɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɫɤɨɤɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ, ɢ ɤ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɭ ɫ

ɞɜɢɠɭɳɟɣɫɹ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɶɸ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɦɢ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦɢ.
ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɢ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɪɹɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɩɨ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.

 ɂɦɟɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɬɞɚɱɟ ɩɢɥɵ, ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɫɜɟɫɬɢ

ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ- ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ.
ɉɨɦɧɢɬɟ, ɜɪɚɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɨɬɞɚɱɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ, ɢɡɛɟɝɚɹ ɤɚɫɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɧɨɫɢɤɚ ɲɢɧɵ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɣ.

 ɇɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ ɩɢɥɨɣ, ɞɟɪɠɚ ɟɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ.

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɟ ɬɪɚɜɦɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɩɨɦɨɳɧɢɤɨɜ
ɢɥɢ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɯ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɰɟɩɧɨɣ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ.
ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɢɥɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɫɤɨɥɶɡɧɭɬɶ ɢɡ ɪɭɤ, ɢɥɢ ɟɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɜɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ, ɱɬɨ
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ.

 ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɪɟɩɤɨ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɨɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ: ɩɪɚɜɚɹ ɪɭɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɡɚɞɧɸɸ

ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ, ɚ ɥɟɜɚɹ - ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ
ȼɫɟ ɩɚɥɶɰɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɩɢɥɵ.
ɗɬɨ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɨɬɞɚɱɭ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ.
ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɨɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ - ɷɬɨ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ.

.

ɩɢɥɨɣ ɨɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ, ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ

ɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɭ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ

 ɇɟ ɬɹɧɢɬɟɫɶ ɞɚɥɟɤɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɢɥɢɬɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɪɭɞɢ.

 ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɚ ɨɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ.

ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɧɨɫɤɚ ɲɢɧɵ ɫ ɛɪɟɜɧɚɦɢ, ɜɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵ
ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɡɚɞɟɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɛɟɧɡɨɩɢɥɨɣ.

 Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚɯ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ

ɨɬɞɚɱɢ.
ɉɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɞɪɨɫɫɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚɯ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɟ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɜ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɢ
ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ.

 ɋɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɨ ɡɚɬɨɱɤɟ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ.
 Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɲɢɧɵ ɢ ɰɟɩɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦ, ɢɥɢ

ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢ.

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