Mini FX
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Mini FX User’s Guide
®
0 7 8 - 0 3 9 8 - 0 1 A
Echelon, LON, L
i.LON, LNS, LonMaker, L
ONWORKS, Neuron, 3120, 3150, Digital Home,
ONMARK, LonPoint, LonTalk,
NodeBuilder, ShortStack, and the Echelon logo are
trademarks of Echelon Corporation registered in the United
States and other countries. FTXL, LonScanner, LonSupport,
OpenLDV, and LNS Powered by Echelon are trademarks of
Echelon Corporation.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Neuron
Chips and other OEM Products were not designed for
use in equipment or systems which involve danger to human
health or safety or a risk of property damage and Echelon
assumes no responsibility or liability for use of the Neuron
Chips or LonPoint Modules in such applications.
Parts manufactured by vendors other than Echelon and
referenced in this document have been described for
illustrative purposes only, and may not have been tested by
Echelon. It is the responsibility of the customer to determine
the suitability of these parts for each application.
ECHELON MAKES NO REPRESENTATION, WARRANTY, OR
CONDITION OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR
OTHERWISE OR IN ANY COMMUNICATION WITH YOU,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, FITNESS FOR ANY
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND THEIR
EQUIVALENTS.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of Echelon
Corporation.
Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright ©1997–2009 by Echelon
Corporation.
Echelon Corporation
www.echelon.com
ii
Table of Contents
Preface..................................................................................................vii
Purpose ........................................................................................................viii
Audience ......................................................................................................viii
Hardware Requirements ............................................................................viii
Content ..........................................................................................................ix
Related Manuals ...........................................................................................ix
For More Information and Technical Support ............................................xi
1 Introduction .................................................................................... 1
Introduction to the Mini FX Evaluation Kit ................................................2
New Features in the Mini FX Evaluation Kit.............................................. 2
Series 5000 Chip Support .......................................................................2
Improved Memory Architecture ....................................................... 3
Faster System Clock .........................................................................4
Improved Performance for Arithmetic Operations ......................... 4
User-Programmable Interrupts ....................................................... 4
Additional I/O Model Support .......................................................... 5
Increased Network Variable Support .............................................. 5
Smaller Layout.................................................................................. 5
Backwards Compatibility for Device Applications ......................... 5
FT 5000 EVB Evaluation Board............................................................. 6
PL 3150 and 3170 EVB Evaluation Board............................................. 6
Neuron C Version 2.2 Enhancements .................................................... 7
Interrupt Support ............................................................................. 7
Non-Constant Device-Specific Configuration Property Support ... 7
New and Enhanced I/O Models........................................................ 7
New and Enhanced Compiler Directives......................................... 7
Hardware Template Editor..................................................................... 8
Microsoft Windows Vista Support .......................................................... 8
What's Included with the Mini FX Evaluation Kit...................................... 8
Mini FX CD .............................................................................................. 9
Development Platforms......................................................................... 10
FT 5000 EVB Evaluation Board ....................................................10
PL 3150 and PL 3170 EVB Evaluation Boards.............................10
LonScanner Protocol Analyzer CD (Demo Edition) ............................ 11
U10/U20 USB Network Interface......................................................... 12
Upgrading the Development Environment ................................................ 12
Upgrading to the NodeBuilder FX Tool ............................................... 12
Upgrading to the LonMaker Tool ......................................................... 14
Activating the LonScanner Tool ........................................................... 15
Introduction to Mini FX Device Development and LONWORKS
Networks.......................................................................................................
Channels ................................................................................................16
Routers ................................................................................................... 16
Applications ...........................................................................................17
Program IDs........................................................................................... 17
Network Variables................................................................................. 18
Configuration Properties....................................................................... 20
Functional Blocks .................................................................................. 20
Functional Profiles ................................................................................20
15
Mini FX User's Guide iii
Hardware Templates.............................................................................
Neuron C ................................................................................................ 21
Device Templates................................................................................... 21
Device Interface Files............................................................................ 22
Resource Files ........................................................................................ 22
21
2 Installing the Mini FX Evaluation Kit..................................... 23
Installing the Mini FX Evaluation Kit .......................................................24
Installing the Mini FX Software........................................................... 24
Connecting the Mini FX Hardware ...................................................... 29
Connecting the Mini FX/FT Hardware.......................................... 30
Connecting the Mini FX/PL Hardware.......................................... 33
3 Mini FX Quick-Start Exercise ................................................... 37
Mini FX Quick-Start Exercise..................................................................... 38
Step 1: Creating the Device Application .............................................. 38
Step 2: Writing the Device Application................................................ 39
FT 5000 Evaluation Boards............................................................ 39
PL 3150 and PL 3170 Evaluation Boards .....................................41
Step 3: Building the Device Application .............................................. 42
Step 4: Downloading the Device Application ....................................... 45
Step 5: Testing the Device Application ................................................46
4 Using the Mini FX Application.................................................. 47
Introduction to the Mini FX Application .................................................... 48
Building a Device Application ..................................................................... 48
Creating and Opening Neuron C Source Files ....................................49
Selecting the Hardware Template........................................................ 51
Specifying the Program ID.................................................................... 51
Building the Application Image File .................................................... 55
Downloading an Application Image File ....................................................55
Resetting, Winking, and Testing Devices................................................... 60
5 Developing Device Applications............................................... 63
Introduction to Neuron C ............................................................................64
Unique Aspects of Neuron C................................................................. 64
Neuron C Variables ............................................................................... 66
Neuron C Variable Types ...............................................................66
Neuron C Storage Classes .............................................................. 67
Variable Initialization ....................................................................68
Neuron C Declarations ...................................................................68
Getting Started with Neuron C................................................................... 69
Performing Neuron C Input/Output..................................................... 70
Switches........................................................................................... 72
FT 5000 EVB............................................................................. 72
Mini Gizmo I/O Board .............................................................. 73
Conditional Compilation Example .......................................... 74
LEDs ................................................................................................75
FT 5000 EVB............................................................................. 76
Mini Gizmo I/O Board .............................................................. 76
Conditional Compilation Example .......................................... 76
Temperature Sensor .......................................................................77
Serial I/O.......................................................................................... 78
LCD Display .................................................................................... 79
iv Preface
I/O Examples Toolkit ......................................................................
Creating Example Device Applications................................................ 84
Digital Sensor and Actuator Examples ......................................... 85
Simple Digital Sensor............................................................... 85
Simple Digital Actuator ...........................................................86
Advanced Digital Actuator....................................................... 86
Advanced Digital Sensor Example .......................................... 88
Thermostat Example ......................................................................89
ISI Example..................................................................................... 92
80
Appendix A Glossary ........................................................................ 97
Appendix B Creating and Editing Hardware Templates ...... 109
Using Hardware Templates ......................................................................110
Creating Custom Hardware Templates ............................................. 111
Configuring Hardware Templates...................................................... 111
Setting Hardware Properties .......................................................111
Setting Memory Properties ..........................................................114
Series 5000 Chips ................................................................... 115
3150 Neuron Core................................................................... 116
3170 Neuron Core................................................................... 116
Setting the Hardware Template Description .............................. 117
Appendix C Mini FX Software License Agreement................. 119
Mini FX User's Guide v
vi Preface
Preface
The Mini FX Development Kit is a hardware and software
platform for evaluating the L
developing simple L
build Neuron
ONWORKS devices, and test LONWORKS devices.
L
ONWORKS devices. The Mini kit lets you
®
C applications and download them to
ONWORKS
®
2.0 platform and
Mini FX User's Guide vii
Purpose
This document describes how to use the Mini FX Evaluation Kit to develop and build
simple Neuron C device applications, download the device applications to L
devices, and test the L
ONWORKS devices.
ONWORKS
Audience
This guide is intended for device and system designers with an understanding of control
networks.
Hardware Requirements
Requirements for computers running the Mini kit are listed below:
• Microsoft
you install the latest service pack available from Microsoft for your version of
Windows.
• Intel® Pentium
requirements for the selected version of Windows.
®
Windows Vista® or Microsoft Windows® XP. Echelon recommends that
®
III 600MHz processor or faster, and meeting the minimum Windows
• 120 to 350 megabytes (MB) free hard-disk space, plus the minimum Windows
requirements for the selected version of Windows.
o The Mini kit requires 90 MB of free space.
o Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 SP1, which is required to run the Mini FX
Application, requires 30 MB of free space.
o The LonScanner
Mini kit software, requires 26 MB of free space.
o If you install Adobe
an additional 204 MB of free space. You need Adobe Reader or another PDF
viewer to view the Mini kit documentation.
• 512 MB RAM minimum.
• Note: Windows Vista testing for the Mini FX Application has been performed on
computers that have a minimum of 2 GB of RAM. For complete Windows Vista
requirements, refer to
www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-vista/get/system-requirements.aspx. You
can use Microsoft’s Vista Upgrade Advisor to determine upgrade requirements for a
particular computer. To download this tool, go to the Microsoft Web site at
www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-vista/get/upgrade-advisor.aspx.
• CD-ROM drive.
• 1024x768 or higher-resolution display with at least 256 colors.
™
Protocol Analyzer (Demo Edition), which is included with the
®
Reader 9.1 from the Mini FX Evaluation Kit CD, you need
• Mouse or compatible pointing device.
• LNS
viii Preface
®
network interface or IP-852 router. If an LNS network interface is used, it
may be a local or remote interface.
o Compatible local network interfaces include the U10/U20 USB network interface
(included with the Mini FX/FT and Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kits); PCC-10,
PCLTA-20, or PCLTA-21 network interfaces; and the SLTA-10 Serial LonTalk
Adapter.
o Compatible remote network interfaces include the i.LON® SmartServer, i.LON
100 e3 plus Internet Server, or i.LON 600 L
o Compatible IP-852 routers include the i.LON SmartServer with IP-852 routing,
i.LON 100 e3 plus Internet Server with IP-852 routing, or an i.LON 600
ONWORKS-IP Server. If you are using an IP-852 router, your computer must
L
have an IP network interface such as an Ethernet card or modem with PPP
software. In addition, the i.LON software must be installed on your computer,
and the IP-852 channel must be configured using the L
Configuration Server application software.
Content
This guide includes the following content:
•
Introduction: Lists the new features in the Mini FX Evaluation Kit, and summarizes
the components included with the Mini kit. Describes how to upgrade your device
development environment with the NodeBuilder tool, LonMaker tool, and an
activated LonScanner tool. It provides an overview of device development with the
Mini kit and L
ONWORKS networks.
ONWORKS-IP Server.
ONWORKS-IP
•
Installing the Mini FX Evaluation Kit. Describes how to get started with your Mini
FX, including how to install the Mini FX software and connect the Mini FX
hardware.
• Mini FX Quick-Start Exercise. Demonstrates how to create a device with the Mini
kit.
• Using the Mini FX Application. Describes how to use the Mini FX Application to
build a Neuron C application image, download an application image into a device,
and test a device.
Developing Device Applications. Introduces the Neuron C Version 2.2 programming
•
language, and provides a series of programming examples that demonstrate Neuron
C concepts, including input/output, timers, network variables, configuration
properties, functional blocks, and Interoperable Self-Installation (ISI).
• Appendices. Includes a glossary, an appendix describing how to create and edit
custom hardware templates, and the Mini Kit Software License agreement.
Related Manuals
The documentation related to the Mini kit is provided as Adobe PDF files and online help
files. The PDF files are installed in the Echelon Mini program folder when you install
the Mini kit. You can download the latest Mini FX documentation, including the latest
version of this guide, from Echelon’s Web site at
The following manuals provide supplemental information to the material in this guide.
You can download these documents from Echelon’s Web site at www.echelon.com.
www.echelon.com/docs.
FT 5000 EVB Examples Guide Describes how to run the Neuron C example
applications included with the Mini FX/FT Evaluation
Kit on an FT 5000 EVB.
Mini FX User's Guide ix
FT 5000 EVB Hardware Guide Describes how to connect the FT 5000 EVBs, and
describes the Neuron core, I/O devices, service pin and
reset buttons and LEDs, and jumper settings on the FT
5000 EVB hardware.
Two FT 5000 EVBs are included with the Mini FX/FT
Evaluation Kit.
Introduction to the L
Platform
ONWORKS
Provides a high-level introduction to L
networks and the tools and components that are used
ONWORKS
®
for developing, installing, operating, and maintaining
them.
I/O Model Reference for Smart
Transceivers and Neuron Chips
Describes the many different I/O models that are
available for use with the Neuron Chips and Smart
Transceivers.
LonMaker
®
User’s Guide
Describes how to use the LonMaker Integration Tool to
design, commission, modify, and maintain L
networks.
ONMARK
L
Guide
®
SNVT and SCPT
Documents the standard network variable types
(SNVTs), standard configuration property types
(SCPTs), and standard enumeration types that you can
declare in your applications.
LonScanner™ Protocol Analyzer
User’s Guide
Describes how to use the LonScanner Protocol Analyzer
to monitor, analyze, and diagnose ISO/IEC 14908-4,
ONWORKS/IP, and native ISO/IEC 14908-1 channels,
L
and how to interpret the data that the protocol analyzer
collects.
ONWORKS
L
®
USB Network
Interface User’s Guide
Describes how to install and use the U10 and U20 USB
Network Interfaces, which are included with the Mini
FX/FT Evaluation Kit and Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kit,
respectively.
Mini FX/PL Examples Guide Describes how to run the Neuron C example
applications included with the Mini FX/PL Evaluation
Kit on PL 3150 and PL 3170 EVBs.
ONWORKS
Mini FX/PL Hardware Guide Describes how to connect the PL 3150 and PL 3170
EVBs, and describes the I/O devices, service pin and
reset buttons and LEDs, and jumper settings on the PL
3150 and PL 3170 EVBs, and Mini Gizmo I/O Boards.
The Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kit includes one PL 3150
EVB and one PL 3170 EVB.
Neuron
®
C Programmer’s Guide
Describes how to write programs using the Neuron
Version 2.2 language.
Neuron
®
C Reference Guide
Provides reference information for writing programs
using the Neuron C language.
Neuron
®
Tools Error Guide
Provides reference information for Neuron tool errors.
x Preface
C
NodeBuilder
User’s Guide
®
Resource Editor
Describes how to use the NodeBuilder Resource Editor
to create and edit resource file sets and resources such
as functional profiles, network variable types, and
configuration property types.
®
PL 3120
/ PL 3150® / PL 3170
Smart Transceiver Data Book
™
Provides detailed technical specifications on the
electrical interfaces, mechanical interfaces, and
operating environment characteristics for the PL 3120,
PL 3150, and PL 3170 Power Line Smart Transceivers.
For More Information and Technical Support
The Mini FX ReadMe document provides descriptions of known problems, if any, and
their workarounds. To view the Mini FX ReadMe, click Start, point to Programs,
point to Echelon Mini, and then select Mini FX ReadMe First. You can also find
additional information about the Mini kit at the Mini FX Web page at
www.echelon.com/mini.
If you have technical questions that are not answered by this document, the Mini FX
online help, or the Mini FX ReadMe file, you can contact technical support. Free e-mail
support is available or you can purchase phone support from Echelon or an Echelon
support partner. See
support and training services.
You can also view free online training or enroll in training classes at Echelon or an
Echelon training center to learn more about developing devices. You can find additional
information about device development training at
www.echelon.com/support for more information on Echelon
www.echelon.com/training.
You can obtain technical support via phone, fax, or e-mail from your closest Echelon
support center. The contact information is as follows (check www.echelon.com/support
for updates to this information):
Region Languages Supported Contact Information
The Americas
English
Japanese
Echelon Corporation
Attn. Customer Support
550 Meridian Avenue
San Jose, CA 95126
Phone (toll-free):
1.800-258-4LON (258-4566)
Phone: +1.408-938-5200
Fax: +1.408-790-3801
lonsupport@echelon.com
Europe
English
German
French
Italian
Echelon Europe Ltd.
Suite 12
Building 6
Croxley Green Business
Park
Hatters Lane
Watford
Hertfordshire WD18 8YH
United Kingdom
Phone: +44 (0)1923 430200
Fax: +44 (0)1923 430300
lonsupport@echelon.co.uk
Mini FX User's Guide xi
Region Languages Supported Contact Information
Japan
Japanese Echelon Japan
Holland Hills Mori Tower,
18F
5-11.2 Toranomon,
Minato-ku
Tokyo 105-0001
Japan
Phone: +81.3-5733-3320
Fax: +81.3-5733-3321
lonsupport@echelon.co.jp
China
Other Regions
Chinese
English
English
Japanese
Echelon Greater China
Rm. 1007-1008, IBM Tower
Pacific Century Place
2A Gong Ti Bei Lu
Chaoyang District
Beijing 100027, China
Phone: +86-10-6539-3750
Fax: +86-10-6539-3754
lonsupport@echelon.com.cn
Phone: +1.408-938-5200
Fax: +1.408-328-3801
lonsupport@echelon.com
xii Preface
1
Introduction
This chapter introduces the Mini FX Evaluation Kit. It lists
the new features in the Mini kit, and it summarizes the
components included with the Mini kit. It describes how to
upgrade your device development environment with the
NodeBuilder tool, LonMaker tool, and an activated
LonScanner tool. It provides an overview of device
development with the Mini kit and L
ONWORKS networks.
Mini FX User's Guide 1
Introduction to the Mini FX Evaluation Kit
The Mini FX Evaluation Kit is a hardware and software platform for evaluating the
L
ONWORKS
and 3100 Neuron Chips and Smart Transceivers. The Mini kit lets you build Neuron C
applications and download them to L
You can use the Mini kit to develop prototype or production devices, particularly in the
rapidly growing, price-sensitive mass markets of smart light switches, thermostats, and
other simple devices and sensors.
You can use the Mini kit to do the following:
• Compile, build, and download a Neuron C device application to a development
platform or to your own devices.
• Test with prototype I/O hardware on either the FT 5000 EVBs included with the
Mini FX/FT Evaluation Kit and available separately, or with the PL 3150 and PL
3170 EVBs included with the Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kit and available separately, or
build and test your own I/O hardware with your own custom device.
• Create a self-installed L
with other L
LonMaker
• View standard resource file definitions for standard network variable types (SNVTs),
standard configuration property (SCPTs), and standard functional profiles.
• Create your own resource files with user-defined network variable types (UNVTs),
user-defined configuration property (UCPTs), and user-defined functional profiles.
®
2.0 platform and developing LONWORKS devices based on the Series 5000
ONWORKS devices, and test LONWORKS devices.
ONWORKS network and test how your device interoperates
ONWORKS devices—or use the Mini kit with a separately purchased
®
Integration Tool to create a managed LONWORKS network.
New Features in the Mini FX Evaluation Kit
The Mini FX Evaluation Kit adds support for Echelon’s new Series 5000 chips (the term
used to collectively refer to the Neuron 5000 Processor and FT 5000 Smart Transceiver),
support for Echelon’s new FT 5000 EVB and new PL 3170 EVB, and the following key
features:
• Neuron C Version 2.2 Enhancements
• Hardware Template Editor
• Microsoft Windows Vista support
Series 5000 Chip Support
The Mini FX Evaluation Kit supports Echelon’s new Neuron 5000 Processor and FT 5000
Smart Transceiver, which are designed for the L
chips are faster, smaller, and cheaper that previous-generation chips, as they include the
following new features and functions.
• Improved memory architecture.
• Faster system clock.
• Improved performance for arithmetic operations.
• User-programmable interrupts.
• Additional I/O model support.
• Increased network variable support (NodeBuilder tool required).
• Smaller layout
ONWORKS 2.0 platform. The Series 5000
2 Introduction
• Backwards compatibility for device applications.
Improved Memory Architecture
The Series 5000 chips have a new memory architecture that speeds up the CPU
operation and lowers development and device costs. The Series 5000 chips have internal
on-chip memory that includes 16 KB of ROM to store the Neuron firmware image and 64
KB of RAM (44 KB is available for application code and data). The Series 5000 chips use
external serial memory (EEPROM or flash) to store your application code, configuration
data, and an upgradable Neuron firmware image (the Series 5000 chips have no
user-accessible on-chip non-volatile memory). The external serial EEPROM and flash
memory devices communicate with Neuron 5000 Core via a serial peripheral interface
bus (SPI) or Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
SPI or I
C interfaces; flash devices must use the SPI interface.
When a device is reset, the application code and configuration data are copied from the
external non-volatile memory into the internal on-chip RAM, and the device application
is then executed. The Series 5000 chips require at least 2KB of off-chip EEPROM to
store configuration data, and you can use a larger capacity EEPROM device or an
additional flash device (up to 64 KB) to store your application code and an upgradable
Neuron firmware image.
The Series 5000 chips also include a new interrupt processor that handles
user-programmable interrupts, which improves chip performance.
2
C) interface. EEPROM devices can use either the
Note: Many types of EEPROM devices are supported; however, Echelon currently
supports and provides drivers for three external flash devices: Atmel AT25F512AN,
STM25P05, and SST25VF512A. You can configure the external non-volatile memory
used by a device in the Hardware Template Editor. For more information on using the
Hardware Template Editor, see Chapter 3.
Figure 1.1 illustrates the architecture of the Series 5000 chips. For more information on
the memory architecture of the Series 5000 chips, see the Series 5000 Chip Data Book.
Mini FX User's Guide 3
Figure 1.1 Series 5000 Chip Architecture
Faster System Clock
The Series 5000 chips support an internal system clock speed of up to 80 MHz (using an
external 10 MHz crystal). This results in application processing power that equals a
hypothetical FT 3150 Smart Transceiver operating at an external clock speed of 160MHz.
You can adjust the internal system clock speed from 5 MHz to 80 MHz through the
device’s hardware template. For more information on configuring the system clock of the
Series 5000 chips, see
Appendix B, Creating and Editing Hardware Templates.
Improved Performance for Arithmetic Operations
The Series 5000 chips include 8-bit hardware multipliers and dividers, which are
supported by new Neuron assembly language instructions for multiplication and division.
These instructions use hardware multiply and divide functions to provide improved
performance for 8-bit multiplication and division. The older software multiplication and
division system functions are still supported, but many of these functions automatically
benefit from these faster hardware multipliers and dividers.
User-Programmable Interrupts
The Series 5000 chips let you define user interrupts that can handle asynchronous I/O
events, timer/counter events, and a dedicated, high-resolution system timer. A hardware
semaphore is supplied to help you control access to data that is shared between the
application (APP) and interrupt (ISR) processors on the Series 5000 chips.
At higher system clock rates (20 MHz or greater), these interrupts run in the dedicated
interrupt processor (ISR) on the chip. This improves the performance of the interrupt
4 Introduction
routines and your device application. At lower system clock rates, these interrupts run
in the same application processor (APP) as the device application.
Additional I/O Model Support
The Series 5000 chips include hardware support for the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
and Serial Communication Interface (SCI) serial I/O models, which provide increased
performance for devices that use these interfaces. The UART on the Series 5000 chips
includes an increased FIFO (16 bytes), and supports software-configurable parity
generation and validation (odd, even, none) for the SCI model.
Overall, the Series 5000 chips support 35 I/O models, including all of the I/O models that
were previously only supported by the PL 3120, PL 3150, and PL 3170 Smart
Transceivers. These I/O models include the new Infrared Pattern, Magcard Bitstream,
SCI, and SPI models.
In addition, the Series 5000 chips support the Stretched Triac model, which is a new I/O
model that improves performance for triac devices used with reactive loads.
Increased Network Variable Support
The Series 5000 chips can support up to 254 static network variables and 127 network
variable aliases, subject to available system resources (for example, RAM and EEPROM)
and application requirements. All current Series 3100 chips with Neuron firmware
version 16 or better also support these increased network variable limits, subject to
available memory resources.
You must build the application with the NodeBuilder FX tool to take advantage of these
increased network variable limits. If you use the Mini FX Application, your device
application is limited to 32 network variables.
Smaller Layout
The Series 5000 chips feature a more compact design using a 7 mm by 7 mm 48-pin quad
flat no leads (QFN) packaging and 3.3V operation (I/O pins are 5V-tolerant)
Backwards Compatibility for Device Applications
The Series 5000 chips are compatible with device applications written for 3150 and 3120
Neuron Chips and Smart Transceivers. You can use the Mini kit to port your Series
3100 application to a Series 5000 chip. To do this, you open the Mini kit application and
verify that the existing application can be built using Mini FX Application. If the build is
successful, create a hardware template for your device based on the Series 5000 chip, and
then re-build the device application using the new hardware template. See
Hardware Template in Chapter 4 and,
Templates See in Chapter 4 for more information on using the Hardware Template
Editor.
Notes:
The Neuron firmware contains the implementation of the ISO/IEC 14908-1 protocol
stack, the application scheduler, and many frequently used functions. The functions
included in the Neuron firmware vary between firmware versions and chip models;
therefore, when you rebuild an existing application for a FT 5000 Smart Transceiver, the
application may have a smaller or larger memory footprint, subject to the application’s
use of library functions.
Appendix B, Creating and Editing Hardware
Selecting the
Mini FX User's Guide 5
The Neuron C Version 2.2 language includes new keywords such as interrupt, __lock,
stretchedtriac, __slow, __fast, and __parity. Some of these keywords use a double
underscore prefix to avoid any likely naming collisions within existing device
applications.
FT 5000 EVB Evaluation Board
The FT 5000 EVB is a complete Series 5000 LONWORKS device that you can use to
evaluate the L
includes a FT 5000 Smart Transceiver with an external 10 MHz crystal (you can adjust
the system’s internal clock speed from 5MHz to 80MHz), an FT-X3 communication
transformer, 64KB external serial EEPROM and flash memory devices, and a 3.3V power
source. The FT 5000 EVB features a compact design that includes the following I/O
devices that you can use to develop prototype and production devices and test the FT
5000 EVB example applications:
• 4 x 20 character LCD
• 4-way joystick with center push button
• 2 push-button inputs
• 2 LED outputs
• Light-level sensor
• Temperature sensor
ONWORKS 2.0 platform and create LONWORKS devices. The FT 5000 EVB
The FT 5000 EVB Evaluation Board also includes EIA-232/TIA-232 (formerly RS-232)
and USB interfaces that you can use to connect the board to your development computer
and perform application-level debugging. You can also use the EIA-232 interface or
other interfaces provided for development with the ShortStack® Developer’s Kit. Note
that only one interface can be used at a time.
Note: You must use the ShortStack FX Developer’s Kit to develop ShortStack
applications for the FT 5000 EVB. Earlier versions of the kit do not support the FT 5000
EVB.
The FT 5000 EVB supports the in-circuit programming of the external serial EEPROM
and flash devices used by the FT 5000 Smart Transceiver on the FT 5000 EVB. This
provides an alternative to loading application images into these external serial memory
devices over the TP/FT-10 network.
The FT 5000 EVB also features a flash in-circuit emulator (ICE) header that you can use
to connect an SPI flash ICE. This provides an alternative to using the external serial
non-volatile memory flash device on the FT 5000 EVB.
For more information on the FT 5000 EVB hardware, including detailed descriptions of
its Neuron core, I/O devices, service pin and reset buttons and LEDs, jumper settings,
and in-circuit programming instructions, see the FT 5000 EVB Hardware Guide.
PL 3150 and 3170 EVB Evaluation Board
The PL 3170 EVB is a complete LONWORKS device that you can use to evaluate the
ONWORKS 2.0 platform and create simple LONWORKS devices. The PL 3170 EVB
L
includes a PL 3170 Smart Transceiver, which includes Interoperable Self Installation
(ISI) functions built into the firmware that is stored in the on-chip ROM. This lets you
create Neuron C device application that have a maximum of 4 KB code—even when
using ISI functions in the application.
6 Introduction
The PL 3150 EVB is a complete L
Transceiver operating at 10MHz external clock (5MHz system clock speed), 64KB of
off-chip flash memory, and 2KB of on-chip RAM.
You can attach a Mini Gizmo I/O Board to the PL 3150/PL 3170 EVBs to test your device
applications and test the example applications included with the Mini FX/PL Evaluation
Kit.
ONWORKS device that includes a PL 3150 Smart
Neuron C Version 2.2 Enhancements
The new features in the Neuron C Version 2.2 programming language include interrupt
support, non-constant device-specific configuration properties, new and enhanced I/O
models, and new and enhanced compiler directives. These new features are detailed in
the Neuron C Programmer’s Guide and Neuron C Reference Guide.
Interrupt Support
The Series 5000 chips support hardware user interrupts in addition to the support
provided through I/O models. The Neuron C Version 2.2 language includes new
keywords to manage hardware user interrupts and a semaphore for application
programs. The Series 5000 chips support the following three types of interrupts: I/O
interrupts, timer/counter driven interrupts, and periodic system interrupts.
When the Series 5000 chips are running at a system clock rate of 20 MHz or greater,
these interrupts execute in the separate interrupt processor on the chips, which improves
the performance of the interrupt and the device application.
Non-Constant Device-Specific Configuration Property
Support
The Neuron C Version 2.2 language supports non-constant device-specific configuration
properties. Non-constant device-specific configuration properties have values that can be
modified by the device application, an LNS network tool such as the LonMaker
Integration Tool, or another tool not based on LNS. For example, a thermostat may
include a user interface that allows the user to change the setpoint.
®
New and Enhanced I/O Models
The Neuron C Version 2.2 language now includes support for the stretched triac output
model, and it includes some enhancements to the existing SCI and I2C I/O models.
The stretched triac output model provides improved control when driving inductive
loads. The stretched triac model requires a Neuron 5000 Processor.
The SCI input/output model now supports a configurable parity bit (none, even, odd).
The parity feature requires a Series 5000 chip even though the SCI model is available on
some Series 3100 chips.
The I2C input/output model now supports slow and fast operation speeds for compliance
with the I2C standard when operating at very high system clock speeds.
New and Enhanced Compiler Directives
The Neuron C Version 2.2 language includes new compiler directives and existing
compiler directives that have been enhanced to help you develop location-independent
and modular code.
Mini FX User's Guide 7
You can enable and disable specific warnings using the new #pragma enable_warning
and #pragma disable_warning compiler directives, and you can use the new #error
and #warning compiler directives to manage conditional compilation, raising
user-defined warning or error messages as necessary. You can use the new #pragma
library directive to indicate any required library. You can use enhanced buffer control
directives for statements of minimum or final requirements.
Compiler directives for control of the Neuron C Optimizer have been streamlined, and a
new optimization phase for generating more compact code has been added.
Hardware Template Editor
The Mini kit now includes a Hardware Template Editor that you can use to create and
configure new custom hardware templates and edit existing ones. The Hardware
Template Editor can be launched from the Mini FX application, and it is available as a
standalone tool.
A hardware template is a file with a .NbHwt extension that defines the hardware
configuration for a target device. It specifies hardware attributes including platform,
transceiver type, Neuron Chip or Smart Transceiver model, clock speed, system image,
and memory configuration. Several standard hardware templates are included with the
Mini kit. You can use these or create your own.
The Hardware Template Editor supports hardware templates based on any supported
Neuron chip, including Series 5000 and Series 3100 chips. You use the Hardware
Template Editor to map external non-volatile memory from 0x4000 to 0xE7FF in the
Neuron address space (a maximum of 42 KB).
For more information on using the Hardware Template Editor, see
Hardware Template in Chapter 4 and,
Templates.
Appendix B, Creating and Editing Hardware
Selecting the
Microsoft Windows Vista Support
The Mini FX Application and online help files are compatible with Microsoft Windows
Vista.
What's Included with the Mini FX Evaluation Kit
There are two Mini FX products: the Mini FX/FT Evaluation Kit and the Mini FX/PL
Evaluation Kit. Table 1.1 lists the components included with the two Mini FX products:
Table 1.1 Mini FX Products
Mini FX CD
Component
Mini FX/FT
Evaluation
Kit
5 5
Mini FX/PL
Evaluation
Kit
Development Platforms
FT 5000 EVB Evaluation Boards
PL 3150 EVB and PL 3170 EVB Evaluation Boards
(1 each)
8 Introduction
5
5
LonScanner Protocol Analyzer CD (Demo Edition)
U10 or U20 USB Network Interface
The following sections describe each of the components.
5 5
5 5
Mini FX CD
The Mini FX CD contains the software required to build and download Neuron C
applications for your L
that you can run on your development platform and use to further learn how to develop
your own device applications.
The Mini FX software includes the following programs:
• Mini FX Application. Manage Neuron C code, build Neuron C device applications,
and download the device applications to your development boards. The Mini FX
Application includes the following components:
o Hardware Template Editor. Specify hardware attributes including platform,
transceiver type, Neuron Chip or Smart Transceiver model, clock speed, system
image, and memory configuration.
o Standard Program ID Calculator. Specify the device’s 16-hex digit program ID,
which uniquely identifies the device application.
o Diagnostic Tool. Reset the device application, wink a device, or get the current
device status and statistics related to the device’s performance.
ONWORKS devices, and it includes Neuron C example applications
• NodeBuilder Resource Editor. Provides a simple interface for viewing existing
ONMARK® resources and defining your own resources. For more information on the
L
NodeBuilder Resource Editor, see the NodeBuilder Resource Editor User’s Guide.
• ISI Developer’s Kit. Provides for easy development of devices that do not require
installation tools. Consult the ISI Programmer’s Guide for more information on ISI.
™
• OpenLDV
messages through Echelon’s family of L
Mini FX Application and the Monitoring & Control C# example application that you
can download from the Echelon Web site uses the OpenLDV API. For more
information on OpenLDV, see the OpenLDV Programmer’s Guide. You can download
the OpenLDV Programmer’s Guide and the OpenLDV Developer’s Kit from the
Echelon Web site at
• Example Applications. The Mini kit include three Neuron C example applications
for the FT 5000 EVBs, and four Neuron C example applications for the PL 3150 EVB
and PL 3170 EVB. You can use these examples to test the I/O devices on your EVBs,
and create simple L
example applications, and then create a new device application by modifying the
existing example applications or by developing the device application from scratch.
For more information on using the FT 5000 EVB example applications, see the FT
5000 EVB Examples Guide. For more information on using the PL 3150 and PL 3170
example applications, see the Mini FX/PL Examples Guide.
Note: Mini FX/PL users can download a Monitoring & Control C# example
application from the Echelon Web site. This application monitors ISI messages and
uses the OpenLDV API to monitor and control network variables on devices,
including the PL 3150 and PL 3170 EVBs, running the MGDemo example.
3.4. An API used by the Mini kit to send and receive ISO/IEC 14908-1
ONWORKS network interface products. The
www.echelon.com/openldv.
ONWORKS networks. You can view the Neuron C code used in the
Mini FX User's Guide 9
Development Platforms
The Mini FX/FT Evaluation Kit includes two FT 5000 EVBs. The Mini FX/PL
Evaluation Kit includes one PL 3150 EVB and one PL 3170 EVB. The following sections
describe these development platforms.
FT 5000 EVB Evaluation Board
The FT 5000 EVB is a complete Series 5000 LONWORKS device that you can use to
evaluate the L
includes an FT 5000 Smart Transceiver with an external 10 MHz crystal (you can adjust
the system’s internal clock speed from 5MHz to 80MHz), an FT-X3 communication
transformer, 64KB external serial EEPROM and flash memory devices, and a 3.3V power
source. The FT 5000 EVB features a compact design that includes the following I/O
devices that you can use to develop prototype and production devices and test the FT
5000 EVB example applications:
• 4 x 20 character LCD
• 4-way joystick with center push button
• 2 push-button inputs
• 2 LED outputs
• Light-level sensor
• Temperature sensor
ONWORKS 2.0 platform and create LONWORKS devices. The FT 5000 EVB
Figure 1.2 FT 5000 EVB
PL 3150 and PL 3170 EVB Evaluation Boards
The Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kit includes one PL 3150 EVB and one PL 3170 EVB. The
PL 3150 and 3170 EVBs utilize Echelon’s Power Line Smart Transceivers to signal over
any AC or DC power circuit, eliminating any need for additional wiring. The power
10 Introduction
supplies included with the PL 3150 and 3170 EVBs pass the network signals directly into
the AC power lines over the same two wires that power the evaluation boards. With the
PL 3150 and 3170 EVBs, you can begin building a power line control network by simply
plugging the evaluation boards into an electrical outlet. You can also attach the included
Mini Gizmo I/O Boards to the PL 3150/PL 3170 EVBs to test your device applications and
run the example applications included with the Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kit.
Figure 1.3 PL 3150/PL 3170 EVB (top) and Mini Gizmo I/O Board (bottom)
LonScanner Protocol Analyzer CD (Demo Edition)
The LonScanner Protocol Analyzer is a software package that provides network
diagnostic tools to observe, analyze, and diagnose the behavior of installed L
networks, including network with devices that you have built with the Mini kit. A demo
version of the LonScanner Protocol Analyzer is included with your Mini kit. It is not
required to use the Mini kit, but the protocol analyzer will make your development and
integration efforts more productive. You can use the LonScanner tool with the U10 or
U20 USB network interface included with the Mini FX/FT and Mini FX/PL kits, and you
Mini FX User's Guide 11
ONWORKS
also use it with other network interfaces including an IP-852 (ISO/IEC 14908-4) interface
as described in the LonScanner Protocol Analyzer User’s Guide.
The LonScanner tool included with the Mini kit will run in demo mode until you
purchase a key and activate it. When operating in demo mode, the protocol analyzer
does not display every captured packet and displays only the first 20 packets of a saved
or imported log file. In addition, the LonScanner License Activation dialog will appear
every time you open the protocol analyzer, and give you the option to activate your
LonScanner software. For more information on the LonScanner tool, including how to
purchase a key activate the software, see the LonScanner Protocol Analyzer User’s Guide.
U10/U20 USB Network Interface
The Mini FX/FT Evaluation Kit and Mini FX/PL Evaluation Kit include U10 and U20
USB network interfaces, respectively. The U10 and U20 USB Network Interfaces are
low-cost, high-performance L
controllers.
The U10 USB Network Interface connects directly to a TP/FT-10 Free Topology Twisted
Pair (ISO/IEC 14908-2) L
The U20 USB Network Interface connects to a PL-20 C-Band Power Line (ISO/IEC
14908-3) LONWORKS channel through an included power supply with integrated coupler.
The U20 USB Network Interface can also be connected directly to 10.8-18VDC power
systems (such as those in automobiles, trucks and buses) without a coupling circuit, or to
virtually any powered line through a customer-supplied coupler/power supply.
ONWORKS interfaces for USB-enabled computers and
ONWORKS channel through a high-quality removable connector.
The USB Network Interfaces can be used with virtually any computer-based L
application, including all LNS and OpenLDV based applications such as the Mini kit,
NodeBuilder
USB Network Interfaces are automatically installed when you install the Mini FX
software.
For more information on installing and using the U10 and U20 USB network interfaces,
see the L
tool, LonMaker tool, and LonScanner tool. Drivers for the U10 and U20
ONWORKS USB Network Interface User’s Guide.
ONWORKS
Upgrading the Development Environment
You can upgrade your device development environment with the NodeBuilder FX
Development Tool or the LonMaker tool, or by activating the LonScanner tool included
with your Mini kit. The following sections describe the features provided by each tool,
and how they can improve your device development projects.
Upgrading to the NodeBuilder FX Tool
You can upgrade your Mini kit to the NodeBuilder FX Development Tool to build larger
device applications and build them faster in an integrated development environment
with a source-level debugger. The NodeBuilder FX Development Tool also provides free
activation of the included LonMaker and LonScanner tools. The NodeBuilder tool
includes the following components to help speed up your device development projects:
• Code Wizard. Use a drag-and-drop interface to create your device’s interface and
then automatically generate Neuron C source code that implements the device
interface and creates the framework for your device application.
• Code Editor. Edit the Neuron C source code generated by the Code Wizard to create
your device’s application.
12 Introduction
• Debugger. Debug your application with a source-level view of your application code
as it executes. The debugger lets you control and observe the behavior of your device
application over a L
monitor network variables, halt the application, step through the application, view
the call stack, and peek and poke memory. You can make changes to the code as you
debug a single device or debug multiple devices simultaneously.
• Project Manager. Build and download your application image to your development
platform or to your own device hardware.
®
• LonMaker
in your project using an LNS based application that combines a powerful,
client-server architecture with an easy-to-use Visio user interface. For more
information, see the LonMaker User’s Guide.
Activation of the LonMaker tool included with the NodeBuilder FX Development Tool
is free.
• LonScanner Protocol Analyzer (LNS Turbo Edition). Observe, analyze, and diagnose
the behavior of installed L
you have built with the Mini kit or NodeBuilder tool. For more information, see the
LonScanner Protocol Analyzer User’s Guide
Activation of the LonScanner tool included with the NodeBuilder FX Development
Tool is free.
Integration Tool. Install, connect, configure, test, and update the devices
ONWORKS channel. The debugger lets you set breakpoints,
ONWORKS networks, including network with devices that
• LNS Plug-in Framework Developer’s Kit. Write LNS device plug-ins in .NET
programming languages such as C# and Visual Basic .NET and re-distribute them.
For more information, see the LNS®Plug-in Programmer’s Guide.
Table 1.2 compares the Mini kit to the NodeBuilder FX tool.
Table 1.2 Comparison of the Mini Kit to the NodeBuilder Tool
Feature
Neuron C Compiler
Network Variables per Device
(maximum number)
Network Variables Aliases per Device
(maximum number)
Application Code and Constant Data per
Device (maximum size in KB)
Integrated Development Environment
Code Wizard
Code Editor
Mini FX
Evaluation Kit
5 5
32 254
32 127
32 44
5
5
5
NodeBuilder
FX Tool
a
a
Debugger
Project Manager
LonMaker Tool
Mini FX User's Guide 13
5
5
5
Mini FX
Feature
LonScanner Protocol Analyzer (Demo
Edition)
LonScanner Protocol Analyzer (LNS Turbo
Edition)
LNS Plug-in Framework Kit
a
The NodeBuilder FX tool supports up to 254 static network variables and 127 network variable
aliases for Neuron-hosted devices that use version 16 firmware or greater (for example, the Series
5000 chips, which use version 18 firmware). This limit is subject to available system resources (for
example, RAM and EEPROM) and application requirements.
When you upgrade to the NodeBuilder tool, you can use your existing development
hardware, and you can incorporate the Neuron C source files, library files, and hardware
templates you developed with the Mini kit into your NodeBuilder projects.
Note: The Mini kit build process requires the automatic creation of NodeBuilder device
template files. The Mini kit uses the name of the Neuron C source file as the name of the
device template file. For example, compiling the myDeviceApplication.nc source file
with the Mini FX Application leads to the creation of a hidden
myDeviceApplication.nbdt device template file.
To use the same device template file for both the Mini and NodeBuilder build processes,
specify different names for the source file and the device template when you build the
source file with NodeBuilder tool. Possible conflicts resulting from the sharing of the
same NodeBuilder device template file can be resolved by viewing and editing the device
template preferences in the NodeBuilder tool.
Evaluation Kit
5
5
5
NodeBuilder
FX Tool
For more information on the NodeBuilder tool, see the NodeBuilder Web page at
www.echelon.com/nodebuilder. For more information on ordering the NodeBuilder tool,
contact your Echelon sales representative.
Upgrading to the LonMaker Tool
You can use the Mini kit to create self-installed devices, which do not require a network
management tool such as the LonMaker tool. The Mini kit supports standalone
applications (which may not require any network management), and self-installed
applications using the ISI protocol.
For more complex networks and applications that do require a network management
tool, you can use the LonMaker tool to install your development devices in a network,
and then configure, monitor, and test those devices. The LonMaker tool includes the
following features that you can use to test the Neuron C device applications you have
developed with the Mini kit: the LonMaker Browser, Data Point shapes, the LonMaker
Device Manager, and connection monitoring.
The LonMaker Browser is a standalone application that monitors all the network
outputs from your device and allows you to control all the network inputs to your
device. You can open the LonMaker Browser on any device or functional block in the
network. The LonMaker Browser displays all the network variables and
configuration properties for the selected network variables and configuration
properties. You can change the value of any of the input network variables or
writeable configuration properties.
14 Introduction
The Data Point shape provides similar functionally as the LonMaker Browser, but
directly in your LonMaker drawing. The Data Point shape is a LonMaker Basic Shape
that you can add to your LonMaker drawing to monitor and control individual network
variables and configuration properties in your device. You can use a Data Point shape to
monitor the value of any input or output network variable, configuration property, or
functional block state (enabled or in override). You can also use a Data Point shape to
control the value of an input network variable or a configuration property. You can also
use Data Point shapes to create simple human-machine interface (HMI) applications for
your development devices within your LonMaker drawing.
The LonMaker Device Manager allows you to control the state of your device and its
functional blocks. You can use the device manager to reset your device, put your
device online or offline, and test network communication with your device. You can
also use the Device Manager to enable or disable individual functional blocks on your
device, and to invoke the self-test function of any of your functional blocks that
support self-test.
The LonMaker tool allows you to connect the network variables in your devices, and
then monitor those connections on the same page that you created the connections.
You can use monitored connections to view the values of network variables on your
LonMaker drawing. This feature is useful for monitoring and debugging your device
because monitored connections provide an easy way to visualize the flow of data
through your functional blocks.
Note: You cannot simultaneously use the same network interface with both the
LonMaker tool and the Mini FX Application. The Mini FX Application is an
OpenLDV application; therefore, it cannot share a network interface with other
ONWORKS applications. This means that when the Mini FX Application is attached
L
to a network interface, network tools such as the LonMaker tool cannot use that
network interface at the same time, and vice versa. To avoid network interface
conflicts, you can use the LonMaker tool to download and test device applications
that you have compiled with the Mini FX Application, or you can use separate
network interfaces for the LonMaker tool and the Mini FX Application.
Activating the LonScanner Tool
You can purchase a key to activate the LonScanner tool that is included with your Mini
kit. Once you activate your LonScanner tool, you can view every captured packet
transmitted and received by you development device and view all entries in saved or
imported log files.
Introduction to Mini FX Device Development and LONWORKS Networks
A LONWORKS network consists of intelligent devices (such as sensors, actuators, and
controllers) that communicate with each other using a common protocol over one or more
communications channels. Network devices are sometimes called nodes.
Devices may be Neuron hosted or host-based. Neuron hosted devices run a compiled
Neuron C application on a Neuron Chip or Smart Transceiver. You can use the Mini kit
to develop, test, and debug Neuron C applications for Neuron hosted devices.
Host-based devices run applications on a processor other than a Neuron Chip or Smart
Transceiver. Host-based devices may run applications written in any language available
to the processor. A host-based device may use a Neuron Chip or Smart Transceiver as a
Mini FX User's Guide 15
communications processor, or it may handle both application processing and
communications processing on the host processor. The Mini kit supports some of the
common tasks occurring in the creation of host-based devices; however, an additional
host-based device development tool, such as the ShortStack® FX or the FTXL™
Developer’s Kit combined with a host development tool, is required.
Each device includes one or more processors that implement the ISO/IEC
Control Network Protocol (CNP). Each device also includes a transceiver to provide its
interface to the communications channel.
A device publishes and consumes information as instructed by the application that it is
running. The applications on different devices are not synchronized, and it is possible
that multiple devices may all try to talk at the same time. Meaningful transfer of
information between devices on a network, therefore, requires organization in the form of
a set of rules and procedures. These rules and procedures are the communication
protocol, which may be referred to simply as the protocol. The protocol defines the
format of the messages being transmitted between devices and defines the actions
expected when one device sends a message to another. The protocol normally takes the
form of embedded software or firmware code in each device on the network. The CNP
an open protocol defined by the ISO/IEC 14908-1 standard (defined nationally in the
United States, Europe, and China by the ANSI/EIA 709.1, EN 14908, and GB/Z 20177
standards, respectively).
14908-1
Channels
A channel is the physical media between devices upon which the devices communicate.
The CNP is media independent; therefore, numerous types of media can be used for
channels: twisted pair, power line, fiber optics, IP, and radio frequency (RF) to name a
few. Channels are categorized into channel types, and the channel types are
characterized by the device transceiver. Common channel types include TP/FT-10
(ISO/IEC 14908-2 twisted pair free topology channel), TP/XF-1250 (high-speed twisted
pair channel), PL-20 (ISO/IEC 14908-3 power line channel), FO-20 (ANSI/CEA-709.4
fiber optics channel), and IP-852 (ISO/IEC 14908-4 IP-communication).
is
Different transceivers may be able to interoperate on the same channel; therefore, each
transceiver type specifies the channel type or types that it supports. The choice of
channel type affects transmission speed and distance as well as the network topology.
The Mini kit, LonMaker tool, and LonScanner tool, and Neuron chips support all
standard channel types, but not all Neuron chips support all transceiver and channel
types. Smart Transceivers combine the transceiver and Neuron chip core in the same
chip, and therefore support the channel types supported by the integrated transceiver.
Routers
Multiple channels can be connected using routers. Routers are used to manage network
message traffic, extend the physical size of a channel (both length and number of devices
attached), and connect channels that use different media (channel types) together.
Unlike other devices, routers are always attached to at least two channels.
The Mini kit does not install routers, but it can be used on networks with routers
installed by the LonMaker tool or other network management tool.
16 Introduction
Applications
Every LONWORKS device contains an application that defines the device’s behavior. The
application defines the inputs and outputs of the device. The inputs to a device can
include information sent on L
ONWORKS channels from other devices, as well as
information from the device hardware (for example, the temperature from a temperature
sensing device). The outputs from a device can include information sent on L
ONWORKS
channels to other devices, as well as commands sent to the device hardware (for example,
a fan, light, heater, or actuator). You can use the Mini kit to write a device’s Neuron C
application.
Program IDs
Every LONWORKS application has a unique, 16 digit, hexadecimal standard program ID
with the format FM:MM:MM:CC:CC:UU:TT:NN. Table 1.3 provides a break down of
the fields within the program ID.
Table 1.3 Program ID Fields
Field Description
Format (F) A 1 hex-digit value defining the structure of the program ID.
The upper bit of the format defines the program ID as a
standard program ID (SPID) or a text program ID. The upper
bit is set for standard program IDs, so formats 8–15 (0x8–0xF)
are reserved for standard program IDs.
Manufacturer ID
(M)
• Program ID format 8 is reserved for L
ONMARK certified
devices.
• Program ID format 9 is used for devices that will not be
ONMARK certified, or for devices that will be certified
L
but are still in development or have not yet completed
the certification process.
• Program ID formats 10–15 (0xA–0xF) are reserved for
future use. Text program ID formats are used by
network interfaces and legacy devices and, with the
exception of network interfaces, should not be used for
new devices.
The Mini kit can be used to create applications with program ID
format 8 or 9.
A 5 hex-digit ID that is unique to each LONWORKS device
manufacturer. The upper bit identifies the manufacturer ID as
a standard manufacturer ID (upper bit clear) or a temporary
manufacturer ID (upper bit set).
• Standard manufacturer IDs are assigned to
manufacturers when they join L
and are also published by L
that the device manufacturer of a L
ONMARK International,
ONMARK International so
ONMARK certified
device is easily identified. Standard manufacturer IDs
are never reused or reassigned. If your company is a
ONMARK member, but you do not know your
L
Mini FX User's Guide 17
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