Durastar DRAC16 Installation Manual

WARNING:

RECOGNIZE THIS SYMBOL
AS AN INDICATION OF
IMPORTANT SAFETY
INFORMATION

WARNING

THESE INSTRUCTIONS
ARE INTENDED AS AN AID
TO QUALIFIED, LICENSED
SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR
PROPER INSTALLATION,
ADJUSTMENT, AND
OPERATION OF THIS UNIT.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS
THOROUGHLY BEFORE
ATTEMPTING INSTALLATION
OR OPERATION. FAILURE
TO FOLLOW THESE
INSTRUCTIONS MAY
RESULT IN IMPROPER
INSTALLATION,
ADJUSTMENT, SERVICE,
OR MAINTENANCE
POSSIBLY RESULTING IN
FIRE, ELECTRICAL SHOCK,
PROPERTY DAMAGE,
PERSONAL INJURY, OR
DEATH.

AIR COOLED
CONDENSING UNITS

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

DRAC16 MODEL SERIES
16 SEER

FEATURING INDUSTRY STANDARD
R-410A REFRIGERANT

Do not destroy this manual.
Please read carefully and
keep in a safe place for future
reference by a serviceman.

[ ] indicates metric conversions.

92-21354-105-00 ( / )

Printed in USA

NOTE: Actual unit appearance
may vary.

CONTENTS

1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION........................... 3

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION.............................................. 4

2.1 Introduction.................................................................................4

2.2 Importance of a Quality Installation............................................4

2.3 System Sizing and Selection......................................................4

2.4 Importance of Proper Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups.....................5

2.5 Checking Product Received.......................................................5

Contents

2.6 Eciency Testing Notice.............................................................5

2.7 Compressor Break-In Notice......................................................5

3.0 Unit Specications..........................................................6

3.1 Model Number Nomenclature.....................................................6

3.2 Available Models.........................................................................6

3.3 Electrical and Physical Data....................................................... 7

4.0 Installation.......................................................................9

4.1 Tools & Refrigerants....................................................................9

4.1.1 Tools Required for Installation & Servicing R-410A Models.. 9

4.1.2 Specications of R-410A.......................................................9

4.1.3 Quick Reference Guide for R-410A.......................................9

4.2 Choosing a Location...................................................................10

4.2.1 Allowable Clearances............................................................ 10

4.2.2 Operational Issue Related to Unit Location...........................10

4.2.3 Corrosive Environments........................................................ 11

4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues................................................11

4.3 Mounting Unit............................................................................. 11

4.3.1 Unit-Mounting Methods.........................................................11

4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic Tie-Down Methods..........................11

4.3.3 Elevating Unit........................................................................ 12

4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection....................................................13

4.4.1 Replacing Existing System....................................................13

4.4.2 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses....................................... 13

4.4.3 Liquid Line Selection............................................................. 13

4.4.4 Suction Line Selection...........................................................16

4.4.5 Long Line Length Considerations..........................................16

4.4.5.1 Determining if Long Line Set Length Requirements Apply..

4.4.5.2 Oil Return to Compressor.................................................16

4.4.5. 3 Refrigerant Migration During O Cycle / Crankcase Heater........ 16

4.4.5.4 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop.......................................16

4.4.5.5 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing.......................................16

4.4.5.6 Compressor Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line Set Applications.

4.4.5.7 Capacity Losses............................................................... 17

4.5 Line Set Installation.....................................................................18

4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices................................. 18

4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units.....................19

4.5.2.1 Indoor and Outdoor Unit Near Same Level...................... 19

4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit.......................................20

4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Unit.......................................21

4.5.3 Tubing Connections...............................................................22

4.6 Initial Leak Testing...................................................................... 23

4.7 Evacuation..................................................................................23

4.8 Final Leak Testing....................................................................... 23

4.9 Control Wiring.............................................................................24

4.10 Typical Control Wiring Connections..........................................24

4.11 Power Wiring.............................................................................25

4.12 Grounding.................................................................................25

5.0 System Start-Up and Refrigerant Charging................. 26

5.1 System Start-Up Overview..........................................................26

5.2 Initial System Power Up............................................................. 26

5.3 Verify Indoor Air-Flow..................................................................

5.4 Refrigerant Charging..................................................................27

5.4.1 Measurement Device Set-Up................................................27

5.4.2 Preliminary Charging by Weight............................................ 27

5.4.3 Preliminary Charging by Pressures.......................................28

5.4.4 Final Charging by Liquid Subcooling.....................................28

5.4.5 R-410A Temperature Pressure Chart.................................... 29

5.5 Completing Installation...............................................................29

6.0 Sequence of Operation.................................................. 29

7.0 Components & Controls................................................ 30

7.1 Compressor................................................................................ 30

7.2 Fan Motor................................................................................... 30

7.3 Outdoor Fan............................................................................... 30

7.4 Compressor Contactor............................................................... 30

7.5 Compressor/Fan Motor Capacitor..............................................30

7.6 Compressor Crankcase Heater.................................................. 30

7.7 High and Low Pressure Control ................................................31

7.8 Compressor Hand Start Components ...................................... 31

8.0 Accessories.....................................................................32

8.1 Compressor Time ......................................................................32

8.2 High Pressure Control.................................................................32

8.3 Low Pressure Control ................................................................32

8.4 Low Ambient Control ................................................................ 32

8.5 Compressor Hard Start Kit ........................................................32

8.6 Compressor Crankcase Heater .................................................32

8.7 Compressor Sound Enclosure.......................................................

9.0 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting................................ 33

9.1 Cooling Mechanical Checks Flowchart.....................................................

9.2 General Troubleshooting Guide................................................. 34

9.3 Service Analyzer Charts............................................................. 35

9.4 Troubleshooting Tips .................................................................40

10. Outdoor Unit Maintenance............................................ 41

10.1 Outdoor Coil Cleaning..............................................................41

16

10.2 Cabinet Cleaning and Care......................................................41

10.3 Motor Lubrication.....................................................................41

10.4 Replacement Parts...................................................................41

11.0 Wiring Diagram............................................................ 42

17

26

32

33

2

1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNINGS:

• These instructions are intended as an aid to

qualified, licensed service personnel for proper
installation, adjustment, and operation of this
unit. Read these instructions thoroughly before

attempting installation or operation. Failure to
follow these instructions may result in improper
installation, adjustment, service, or maintenance
possibly resulting in fire, electrical shock,
property damage, personal injury, or death.

• The unit must be permanently grounded. Failure
to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in
severe personal injury or death.

• Turn off electric power at the fuse box or service
panel before making any electrical connections.

• Complete the ground connection before making
line voltage connections. Failure to do so can
result in electrical shock, severe personal injury,
or death.

• Disconnect all power to unit before starting
maintenance. Failure to do so can cause
electrical shock resulting in severe personal
injury or death.

• Never assume the unit is properly wired and/or
grounded. Always test the unit cabinet with a
noncontact voltage detector available at most
electrical supply houses or home centers before
removing access panels or coming into contact
with the unit cabinet.

• Do not use oxygen to purge lines or pressurize
system for leak test. Oxygen reacts violently with
oil, which can cause an explosion resulting in
severe personal injury or death.

• The top of the scroll compressor shell is hot.

Touching the compressor top may result in serious

personal injury.

• The manufacturer’s warranty does not cover
any damage or defect to the unit caused by the
attachment or use of any components, accessories,
or devices (other than those authorized by the
manufacturer) into, onto, or in conjunction with

the heat pump. You should be aware that the
use of unauthorized components, accessories,
or devices may adversely affect the operation
of the heat pump and may also endanger life
and property. The manufacturer disclaims any

responsibility for such loss or injury resulting
from the use of such unauthorized components,
accessories, or devices.

CAUTIONS:

• R-410A systems operate at approximately 60%

higher pressures (1.6 times) than R-22 systems. Do

not use R-22 service equipment or components on
R-410A equipment. Use appropriate care when using

this refrigerant. Failure to exercise care may result in

equipment damage or personal injury.

• Only match this outdoor unit with a matched indoor

coil or air handler approved for use with this outdoor

unit per the unit manufacturer’s specification sheet.
The use of unmatched coils or air handler will likely
result in a charge imbalance between the cooling

and heating modes which can cause unsatisfactory
operation including a high-pressure switch lockout
condition.

• Only use indoor coils approved for use on R-410A

systems. An R-22 coil will have a TXV or fixed

restrictor device that is not designed to operate

properly in an R-410A system and will result in
serious operational issues. The R-22 coil could also
contain mineral oil which is incompatible with the
POE oil used in R-410A systems and could result in
reliability issues with the compressor and TXVs.

• When coil is installed over a finished ceiling and/or

living area, it is required that a secondary sheet metal
condensate pan be constructed and installed under

the entire unit. Failure to do so can result in property
damage.

• The compressor has an internal overload protector.

Under some conditions, it can take up to 2 hours for

this overload to reset. Make sure overload has had

time to reset before condemning the compressor.

WARNING:

Single-pole contactors are used on all standard
single-phase units through 5 tons. Caution must
be exercised when servicing as only one leg of the
power supply is broken by the contactor.

Safety

3

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

WARNING:

Improper installation, or installation not made in
accordance with these instructions, can result
in unsatisfactory operation and/or dangerous
conditions and can cause the related warranty
not to apply.

2.1 Introduction

The information contained in this manual has
been prepared to assist in the proper installation,
operation, and maintenance of the air conditioning

system.
Read this manual and any instructions packaged

with separate equipment required to make up the

system prior to installation. Homeowner should
retain this manual for future reference.

2.2 Importance of

General Information

Quality Installation

A quality installation is critical to assure safety,
reliability, comfort, and customer satisfaction.
Strict adherence to applicable codes, the
information in this installation manual, the outdoor
unit installation manual, and the thermostat
installation manual are key to a quality installation.
Read the entire instruction manuals before starting

the installation.

IMPORTANT: This product has been designed and

manufactured to meet certified AHRI capacity and
efficiency ratings with the appropriate outdoor

units. However, proper refrigerant charge, proper
airflow, and refrigerant line sizing are critical to

achieve optimum capacity and efficiency and

to assure reliable operation. Installation of
this product should follow the manufacturer’s

refrigerant charging and airflow instructions
located in this installation manual and the charging

chart label affixed to the outdoor unit. Failure to

confirm proper charge and airflow may reduce

energy efficiency and shorten equipment life.

The equipment has been evaluated in accordance
with the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XX,
Part 3280.

Install the unit in accordance with applicable
national, state, and local codes. Latest editions
are available from: “National Fire Protection
Association, Inc., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA

02269.” These publications are:

• NFPA90A Installation of Air Conditioning and

Ventilating Systems.

• NFPA90B Installation of warm air heating and air

conditioning systems.

Install the indoor unit in such a way as to allow

necessary access to the coil/filter rack and blower/

control compartment.

2.3 System Sizing and
Selection

Before specifying any air-conditioning equipment,

a survey of the structure and heat gain calculation

must be made. A heat gain calculation involves

identifying all surfaces and openings that gain

heat from the surrounding air and quantifying

that heat to determine the amount of heat that

needs to be removed. A heat gain calculation also
calculates the extra heat load caused by sunlight
and for humidity removal. These factors must be
considered before selecting an air-conditioning
system to provide year-round comfort. The Air

Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA)
Manual J method of load calculation is one
recognized procedure for determining the cooling
load.

After the proper equipment combination has
been selected, satisfying both sensible and
latent requirements, the system must be properly

installed. Only then can the system provide the
comfort it was designed to provide.

There are several factors that installers must

consider.

• Outdoor unit location

• Indoor unit blower speed and airflow

• Proper equipment evacuation

• Supply and return air duct design and sizing

• Refrigerant charge

• System air balancing

• Diffuser and return air grille location and sizing

IMPORTANT: Excessive use of

elbows in the refrigerant line set can produce

excessive pressure drop. Follow industry

best practices for installation. Installation
and commissioning of this equipment is to
be performed by trained and qualified HVAC
professionals. For technical assistance, contact
your Distributor Service Coordinator.

• ANSI/NFPA No. 70-(Latest Edition) National

Electrical Code.

4

2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

2.4 Importance of
Proper Indoor/Outdoor
Match-Ups

To assure many years of reliable operation and

optimum customer comfort and to assure the

outdoor unit warranty remains valid, an air-handler
model or indoor coil/furnace combination should
be selected that is properly matched to the
outdoor unit. The recommended approach is to

select an air-handler or indoor coil and gas furnace
that has an AHRI match with the outdoor unit.
Refer to the AHRI directory at www.ahridirectory.
org to confirm the air-handler and outdoor unit are

a certified combination in the AHRI Directory.

2.5 Checking Product
Received

Upon receiving unit, inspect it for any shipping
damage. Claims for damage, either apparent or
concealed, should be filed immediately with the
shipping company. Check model number, electrical
characteristics, and accessories to determine if they
are correct. Check system components (indoor coil,
outdoor unit, air handler/furnace, etc.) to make sure

they are properly matched.

2.6 Efficiency Testing
Notice

For purposes of verifying or testing efficiency
ratings, the test procedure in Title 10 APPENDIX M
to Subpart B of Part 430 (Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air
Conditioners and Heat Pumps) and the clarifying
provisions provided in the AHRI Operations
Manual 210/240 that were applicable at the date
of manufacture should be used for test set up and
performance

.

2.7 Compressor
Break-In Notice

Prior to agency testing, the unit must be run for 20
hours at 115ºF [46.1ºC] outdoor ambient temperature
with 80ºF [26.7ºC] dry bulb/75ºF [23.9ºC] wet bulb
indoor ambient temperature to break the compressor
in.

General Information

5

3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS

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3.1 Model Number Nomenclature

Specifications

3.2 Available Models

DRAC16A18AJ1NA

DRAC16A24AJ1NA

DRAC16A30AJ1NA

DRAC16A36AJ1NA

DRAC16A42BJ1NA

DRAC16A48AJ1NA

DRAC16A60AJ1NA

6

3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS

1-60-208/230 9.0/9.0 46 0.5 12/12 15/15 20/20 11.82 [1.10] 1 2049 [967] 81 [2296] 150 [68.0] 157 [71.2]

1-60-208/230 11.2/11.2 60.8 0.36 15/15 20/20 25/25 13.72 [1.27] 1 2077 [980] 85 [2410] 164 [74.4] 171 [77.6]

1-60-208/230 12.8/12.8 64 0.68 17/17 20/20 25/25 16.39 [1.52] 1 2915 [1376] 112 [3175] 168 [76.2] 175 [79.4]

1-60-208/230 15.4/15.4 83.9 1.0 21/21 25/25 35/35 21.85 [2.03] 1 3431 [1619] 128 [3629] 194 [88.0] 201 [91.2]

1-60-208/230 16.7/16.7 109 1.3 23/23 30/30 35/35 18.30 [1.70] 1 3174 [1498] 135 [3827] 176 [79.8] 184 [83.5]

Minimum

Amperes

Maximum

Amperes

Fan Motor

Full Load

Amperes

(FLA)

Minimum

Circuit

Ampacity

Amperes

NOT ES: Factory Refrigerant Charge includes refrigerant for 15 ft. [4.6 m] of standard line set.

Model

Number

ELECTRICAL DATA

Refrig. Per

Circuit

Oz. [g]

Weight

Rated Load

Amperes

(RLA)

Locked

Rotor

Amperes

Face Area

Sq. Ft. [m

2

]

No. Rows CFM [L/s]

Net

Lbs. [kg]

Shipping

Lbs. [kg]

Fuse or HACR

Circuit Breaker

PHYSICAL DATA

Phase

Frequency (Hz)

Voltage (Volts)

Compressor

Outdoor Coil

16

1-60-208/230 18.6/18.6 109 1 25/25 30/30 40/40 21.85 [2.03] 1 3600 [1699] 164 [4649] 194 [88.0] 201 [91.2]

1-60-208/230 21.8/21.8 117 1.7 29/29 35/35 50/50 21.85 [2.03] 2 3615 [1706] 207 [5868] 262 [118.8] 269 [122.0]

1-60-208/230 26.4/26.4 134 1.7 35/35 45/45 60/60 21.85 [2.03] 2 3615 [1706] 228 [6464] 267 [121.1] 274 [124.3]

[-]16A18AJ

[-]16A24AJ

[-]16A30AJ

[-]16A36AJ

[-]16A42AJ

[-]16A42BJ

[-]16A48AJ

[-]16A60AJ

3.3 Electrical and Physical Data

Specifications

7

3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS

SEE DETAIL A

w

LIQUID
SERVICE
FITTING

TRUE
SUCTION
SERVICE
PORT

VAPOR
SERVICE
FITTING

3.3 Electrical and Physical Data (cont.)

FIGURE 1

DIMENSIONS

Specifications

AIR DISCHARGE: ALLOW

A-00008

60” [152.4 CM] MINIMUM
CLEARANCE.

L

AIR INLETS

(LOUVERED PANELS) ALLOW 6”
[15.2 CM] MINIMUM CLEARANCE

SERVICE ACCESS

ALLOW 24” [61.0 cm]

CLEARANCE

H

NOTE: GRILLE APPEARANCE
MAY VA RY.

8

DIMENSIONAL DATA

16 SEER

Height “H” (in.) [cm]

Length “L” (in.) [cm]

Width “W” (in.) [cm]

*NOTE: “H” dimension includes basepan.

18, 24

241⁄4 [61.6]

275⁄8 [70.2]

275⁄8 [70.2]

42A

321⁄4 [81.9]

275⁄8 [70.2]

275⁄8 [70.2]

30

273/8 [69.5]

315⁄8 [80.3]

315⁄8 [80.3]

36,42B,48,60

353/8 [89.9]

315⁄8 [80.3]

315⁄8 [80.3]

4.1 Tools and Refrigerant

Ambient and Tube

Thermometers

Manifold

Gauge

Set

Brazing

Rods

Torch Nitrogen

Reclaimer

Recovery
Cylinders

Allen Wrench

Crescent Wrench

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.1.1 Tools Required for
Installing and Servicing
R-410A Models

Manifold Sets:
– Up to 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa] High-Side

– Up to 250 PSIG [1,724 kPa] Low-Side
– 550 PSIG [3,792 kPa] Low-Side Retard
Manifold Hoses:

– Service Pressure Rating of 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa]
Recovery Cylinders:
– 400 PSIG [2,758 kPa] Pressure Rating

– Dept. of Transportation 4BA400 or BW400

CAUTION: R-410A systems operate

at higher pressures than R-22 systems. Do not

use R-22 service equipment or components on
R-410A equipment.

4.1.2 Specifications of R-410A

Application: R-410A is not a drop-in
replacement for R-22. Equipment designs must

accommodate its higher pressures. It cannot be

retrofitted into R-22 heat pumps.

Physical Properties: R-410A has an atmospheric
boiling point of -62.9°F [-52.7°C] and its saturation
pressure at 77°F [25°C] is 224.5 psig [1,548 kPa].

Composition: R-410A is a near-azeotropic
mixture of 50% by weight difluoromethane
(HFC-32) and 50% by weight pentafluoroethane

(HFC-125).

Pressure: The pressure of R-410A is
approximately 60% (1.6 times) greater than
R-22. Recovery and recycle equipment, pumps,

hoses, and the like must have design pressure
ratings appropriate for R-410A. Manifold sets need

to range up to 800 psig [5,516 kPa] high-side and
250 psig [1,724 kPa] low-side with a 550 psig
[3,792 kPa] low-side retard. Hoses need to have
a service pressure rating of 800 psig [5,516 kPa].
Recovery cylinders need to have a 400 psig [2,758
kPa] service pressure rating, DOT 4BA400 or DOT
BW400.

Combustibility: At pressures above 1
atmosphere, a mixture of R-410A and air can
become combustible. R-410A and air should

never be mixed in tanks or supply lines or
be allowed to accumulate in storage tanks.
Leak checking should never be done with a
mixture of R-410A and air. Leak-checking can

be performed safely with nitrogen or a mixture of
R-410A and nitrogen.

4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide
for R-410A

• R-410A refrigerant operates at approximately
60% higher pressure (1.6 times) than R-22.
Ensure that servicing equipment is designed to
operate with R-410A.

• R-410A refrigerant cylinders are light rose in

color.

• R-410A, as with other HFCs, is only compatible

with POE oils.

• Vacuum pumps will not remove moisture from
POE oil used in R-410A systems.

• R-410A systems are to be charged with liquid
refrigerants. Prior to March 1999, R-410A
refrigerant cylinders had a dip tube. These
cylinders should be kept upright for equipment

charging. Post-March 1999 cylinders do not

have a dip tube and should be inverted to ensure
liquid charging of the equipment.

• Do not install a suction line filter drier in the liquid line.

• A factory-approved liquid line filter drier is
shipped with every unit and must be installed
in the liquid line at the time of installation. Only
manufacturer-approved liquid line filter driers
should be used. FIlter driers must be rated for
a working pressure of at least 600 psig [4,137
kPa]. The filter drier will only have adequate

moisture-holding capacity if the system is
properly evacuated.

• Desiccant (drying agent) must be compatible for
POE oils and R-410A refrigerant.

Tools

9

12” Min. (30.5 cm) 24”

[61.0 CM]

RECOMMENDED

SERVICE PANELS/

INLET CONNECTIONS

/ HIGH & LOW

VOLTAGE ACCESS

ALLOW 24” [ 61.0 cm] OF

CLEARANCE

ALLOW 60” [152.4 cm]

OF CLEARANCE

AIR INLET LOUVERS ALLOW

6” [15.2 cm] Min. OF

CLEARANCE ALL SIDES

12” [30.5 cm] RECOMMENDED

ST-A1226-177-00

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.2 Choosing a Location

4.2.1 Allowable Clearances

12" [30.5 cm] to side intake louvers
24" [61.0 cm] to service access panels
60" [152.4 cm] vertical for fan discharge

If space limitations exist, the following clearances

will have minimal impact to capacity and efficiency

and are permitted:
Single-Unit Applications: Minimum of 6" [15.2

cm] to side intake louvers. Do not reduce the 60"
[152.4 cm] for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm]

service clearances.
Multiple-Unit Applications: For units positioned

next to each other, a minimum of 6" [15.2 cm]
clearance between units is recommended for 1.5
and 2 ton models and 9" [22.9 cm] for 2.5 ton to
5 ton models. Do not reduce the 60" [152.4 cm]
for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm] service

clearances.

IMPORTANT: Consult local and

national building codes and ordinances for special
installation requirements. Following location

information will provide longer life and simplified
servicing of the outdoor unit.

Location

NOTICE: These units must be installed

outdoors. No ductwork can be attached, or
other modifications made, to the discharge grille.

Modifications will affect performance or operation.

4.2.2 Operational Issues
Related to Unit Location

IMPORTANT: Locate the unit

in a manner that will not prevent, impair, or
compromise the performance of other equipment

installed in proximity to the unit. Maintain all

required minimum distances to gas and electric
meters, dryer vents, and exhaust and inlet
openings. In the absence of national codes or
manufacturers’ recommendations, local code
recommendations and requirements will take

precedence.

• Refrigerant piping and wiring should be properly
sized and kept as short as possible to avoid

capacity losses and increased operating costs.

• Locate the unit where water runoff will not create
a problem with the equipment. Position the unit

away from the drip edge of the roof whenever

possible. Units are weatherized, but can be
affected by the following:

• Water pouring into the unit from the junction
of rooflines, without protective guttering. Large

volumes of water entering the unit while in

operation can impact fan blade or motor life.

• Closely follow the clearance recommendations in

section 4.2.1.

• 24" [61.0 cm] to the service panel access

• 60" [152.4 cm] above fan discharge (unit top)

to prevent recirculation

• 6" [15.2 cm] to coil grille air inlets
with 12" [30.5 cm] minimum recommended

10

4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.)

4.0 INSTALLATION

4.2.3 Corrosive Environment

The metal parts of this unit may be subject to rust or

deterioration if exposed to a corrosive environment.

This oxidation could shorten the equipment’s useful

life.

Corrosive elements include, but are not limited to,
salt spray, fog or mist in seacoast areas, sulphur or
chlorine from lawn watering systems, and various

chemical contaminants from industries such as paper
mills and petroleum refineries.

If the unit is to be installed in an area where
contaminants are likely to be a problem, special
attention should be given to the equipment location

and exposure.

• Avoid having lawn sprinkler heads spray directly on
the unit cabinet.

• In coastal areas, locate the unit on the side of the
building away from the waterfront.

• Shielding provided by a fence or shrubs may give
some protection, but cannot violate minimum

airflow and service access clearances.

WARNING: Disconnect all power to

unit before starting maintenance. Failure to do so can

cause electrical shock resulting in severe personal
injury or death.

Regular maintenance will reduce the buildup of
contaminants and help to protect the unit’s finish.

• Frequent washing of the cabinet, fan blade, and

coil with fresh water will remove most of the salt or

other contaminants that build up on the unit.

• A good liquid cleaner may be used several times

a year to remove matter that will not wash off with
water.

4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction
Issues

• The outdoor unit should be located away from the
living, sleeping, and recreational spaces of the

owner and those spaces on adjoining property.

• To prevent noise transmission, the mounting pad
for the outdoor unit should not be connected to
the structure and should be located a sufficient
distance above grade to prevent ground water from

entering the unit.

Location Mounting

4.3 Mounting Unit

4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods

The outdoor unit may be mounted in a number of
ways. The most common method is on a ground
mounted concrete or pre-fabricated pad. It can also
be mounted on a ground or roof mounted metal frame,
wooden frame, or 4” x 4” [10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] wooden

stringers. It is extremely important to properly secure
the unit to the pad or frame so it does not shift during

high winds, seismic events, or other outside forces to
eliminate the possibility of a safety hazard or physical
damage to the unit. Local codes in regions subject
to frequent hurricanes and seismic events will dictate
specific mounting requirements and must be followed.

4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic
Tie-Down Methods

The manufacturer-approved/recommended method is
a guide to securing equipment for wind and seismic
loads. Other methods might provide the same result,
but the manufacturer method is the only one endorsed
by the manufacturer for securing equipment where
wind or earthquake damage can occur. Additional
information is available on the manufacturer's website
or from the wholesale distributor.

11

4.0 INSTALLATION

ST-A1226-178-00

BASE PAD

(CONCRETE OR OTHER

SUITABLE MATERIAL)

DO NOT BLOCK

OPENINGS

IN BASE PAN

4.3.3 Elevating Unit

WARNING:

elevating stand in order to prevent tipping. Failure to do so may
result in severe personal injury or death.

If elevating the unit, either on a flat roof or on a slab, observe the

following guidelines.

• If elevating a unit on a flat roof, use 4" x 4" [10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] or
equivalent stringers positioned to distribute unit weight evenly and
prevent noise and vibration.

Secure an elevated unit and its

NOTICE: Do not block drain openings on bottom of

unit.

Mounting

12

4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection

4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems

To prevent failure of a new unit, the existing line set
must be correctly sized for the new unit and must
be cleaned or replaced. Care must be taken so

the expansion device is not plugged. For new and

replacement units, a liquid line filter drier must be
installed and the line set must be properly sized.
Test the oil for acid. If it tests positive for acid, a

suction line filter drier is mandatory.

4.4.2 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses

IMPORTANT: When replacing an

R-22 unit with an R-410A unit, either replace

the line set or ensure that residual mineral oil is
drained from existing lines including oil trapped in
low spots.

4.0 INSTALLATION

Refrigerant tubing is measured in terms of actual
length and equivalent length. Actual length is used
for refrigerant charge applications. Equivalent

length takes into account pressure losses from

Table 1

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tubing length, ttings, vertical separation, acces­sories, and lter driers. The table below references
commonly used equivalent lengths.

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ƌŝĞƌ

4.4.3 Liquid Line Selection

The purpose of the liquid line is to transport warm
sub-cooled liquid refrigerant between the outdoor

unit to the indoor unit. It is important not to allow

the refrigerant to ash into superheated vapor prior
to the expansion device of the indoor coil. The
ashing of refrigerant can occur for the following
reasons:

• Low refrigerant charge

• Improperly selected liquid line size

• Absorption of heat prior to expansion device

• Excessive vertical separation between the out-

door unit and indoor coil

• Restricted liquid line or lter drier

• Kinked liquid line

The total pressure drop allowed for the liquid line is
50 PSI [345 kPa]. The procedure for selecting the
proper liquid line is as follows:

• Measure the total amount of vertical separation
between the outdoor unit and indoor coil.

• Measure the linear length of liquid line needed.

• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with
any ttings or accessories using Table 1 above.

• Add the linear length to the total tting equiva­lent length. This will equal your total equivalent

line length.

• Reference Table 2 to verify the calculated
equivalent length is acceptable with the required
vertical separation and diameter of liquid line.

Tubing

13

4.0 INSTALLATION

1/4" 5/8" n/a 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 62 / 0.98 43 / 0.98 24 / 0.97 5 / 0.97

NR NR NR NR

1/4" 3/4" ** n/a 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 62 / 0.99 43 / 0. 99 24 / 0.99 5 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR

1/4" 5/8" n/a 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 21 / 0.97 N R NR NR NR NR NR NR

1/4" 3/4" n/a 25 /1.00 50 / 1.00 21 / 0.99 N R NR NR NR NR NR NR

6) Applicaons s haded in dark gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or sucon pressure drop.

16 SEER Single-Stage Air-Condioners

4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection (cont.)

Table 2A: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (English Units)

Apply Long Line

Unit Size

Notes:

1) Do not exceed 200  linear line l ength.

2) * Do not exceed 180  vercal separaon if outdoor unit is above indoor unit.

3) ** 3/4" suc on line should only be used for 1.5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor to assure proper oil return.

4) Always use

5) Applicaons s haded in light gray indicate capacity mulpliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not recommended, but are allowed.

Allowable

Liquid Line

1.5 Ton

** SEE

NOTE 3

2 Ton

2.5 Ton

3 Ton

3.5 Ton

4 Ton

5 Ton

the smallest liquid line all owable to minimize refrigerant charge.

Allowable

Sucon Line

Size

5/16" 5/8" 190 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 98 / 0.98 93 / 0.97 88 / 0.97 83 / 0.96 78 / 0.96 73 / 0.95 68 / 0.94

3/8" 5/8" 127 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0. 98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.97 100 / 0. 96 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94

5/16" 3/4" ** 190 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0.99 98 / 0.99 93 / 0.99 88 / 0.99 83 / 0.99 78 / 0.98 73 / 0.98 68 / 0.98

3/8" 3/4" ** 127 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 1.00 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98

5/16" 5/8" 180 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.97 87 / 0.96 77 / 0.95 69 / 0.94 61 / 0.93 53 / 0.92 45 / 0.91 37 / 0.90

3/8" 5/8" 120 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0. 97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94 98 / 0.93 95 / 0.92 92 / 0.91 89 / 0.90

5/16" 3/4" 180 25 /1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0.99 87 / 0.99 77 / 0.98 69 / 0.98 61 / 0.98 53 / 0.97 45 / 0.97 37 / 0.96

3/8" 3/4" 120 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0. 99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 98 / 0.98 95 / 0.97 93 / 0.97 90 / 0.96

5/16" 5/8" 113 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.96 70 / 0.94 59 / 0.93 48 / 0.91 36 / 0.90 NR NR NR

3/8" 5/8" 75 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.96 100 / 0.94 98 / 0.93 94 / 0.91 90 / 0.90 NR NR NR

5/16" 3/4" 113 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 /

3/8" 3/4" 75 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 98 / 0.98 94 / 0.97 90 / 0.96 86 / 0.96 82 / 0.95 78 / 0.95

5/16" 5/8" 73 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 66 / 0.94 49 / 0.92 32 / 0.90 NR NR NR NR NR

3/8" 5/8" 48 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 75 / 0.94 95 / 0. 92 89 / 0.90 NR NR NR NR NR

5/16" 3/4" 73 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 66 / 0.98 49 / 0.98 32 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 NR NR NR NR

3/8" 3/4" 48 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0
1/2" 3/4" 24 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94 100 / 0.93 100 / 0.93

5/16" 7/8" 73 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 66 / 1.00 49 / 0.99 32 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR

3/8" 7/8" 48 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 1.00 95 / 0. 99 89 / 0.99 84 / 0.99 78 / 0.98 72 / 0.98 67 / 0.98 61 / 0.97
1/2" 7/8" 24 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 1.00 100 / 0.99 100 / 0
3/8" 3/4" 100 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0. 97 88 / 0.96 80 / 0.95 72 / 0.94 65 / 0.92 57 / 0.91 49 / 0.90 NR
1/2" 3/4" 50 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94 100 / 0.92 100 / 0.91 100 / 0.90 NR
3/8" 7/8" 100 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0. 99 88 / 0.99 80 / 0.99 72 / 0.98 65 / 0.97 57 / 0.97 49 / 0.96 42 / 0.96
1/2" 7/8" 50 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 /
3/8" 3/4" 0 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.96 77 / 0.95 67 / 0.93 57 / 0.92 46 / 0.91 NR NR NR
1/2" 3/4" 0 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0. 93 100 / 0.92 100 / 0.91 NR NR NR
3/8" 7/8" 0 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.99 77 / 0.98 67 / 0.97 57 / 0.97 46 / 0.96 36 / 0.96 26 / 0.95 15 / 0.95
1/2" 7/8" 0 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0. 97 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.96 9
3/8" 3/4" 0 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 75 / 0.94 61 / 0.92 46 / 0.90 NR NR NR NR N R
1/2" 3/4" 0 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 75 / 0.94 100 / 0.92 100 / 0. 90 NR NR NR NR NR
3/8" 7/8" 0 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 61 / 0.97 46 / 0.96 32 / 0.95 18 / 0.94 NR NR NR
1/2" 7/8" 0 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 100 / 0.97 100 /0.96 100 / 0. 95 97 / 0.94 95 / 0.94 92 / 0.93 89 / 0.92
3/8" 1-1/8" 0 25 / 1.01 50 / 1.01 75 / 1.00 61 / 1.00 46 / 0.99 32 / 0.99 18 / 0.
1/2" 1-1/8" 0 25 / 1.01 50 / 1.01 75 / 1.00 100 /1.00 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 97 / 0.99 95 / 0.99 92 / 0.99 89 / 0.98

Size

Guideli nes if

Linear Line Length

Exceeds Those

Shown Below

(Feet)

< 25 26-50 51-75 76- 100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250

Maximum Vercal Rise (Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit) * / Capacity Mulplier

0.99 70 / 0.98 59 / 0.98 48 / 0.97 36 / 0.96 25 / 0.96 13 / 0.95 NR

.98 95 / 0.98 89 / 0.97 84 / 0.96 78 / 0.95 72 / 0.94 67 / 0.93 61 / 0.93

Equivalent Length (Feet)

.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97

0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.96

9 / 0.95 97 / 0.95

99 NR NR NR

Tubing

14