Dupont Suva HP Series, Suva HP81, Suva HP80, Suva 404A Technical Information
DuPont™ Suva
refrigerants
Technical Information
P–HP
®
DuPont™
®
Suva
HP
Refrigerants
Properties, Uses,
Storage, and Handling
DuPont™ Suva® HP80 (R-402A) refrigerant
®
DuPont™ Suva
DuPont™ Suva
HP81 (R-402B) refrigerant
®
404A (HP62) refrigerant
DuPont™ Suva® HP Refrigerants
Proper ties, Uses, Stora ge, and Handling
Table of Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1
Background................................................................................................................ 1
Suva® HP Refrigerants ............................................................................................... 1
Uses ............................................................................................................................. 1
Physical Properties ..................................................................................................... 2
Chemical/Thermal Stability ........................................................................................ 2
Stability with Metals .................................................................................................... 2
Thermal Decomposition ............................................................................................10
Compatibility Concerns if R-502 and Suva® HP Refrigerants Are Mixed ...................10
Materials Compatibility ............................................................................................10
Elastomers ................................................................................................................10
Motor Materials .........................................................................................................12
Desiccants ................................................................................................................13
Refrigeration Lubricants ............................................................................................13
Safety ...........................................................................................................................13
Inhalation Toxicity......................................................................................................13
Cardiac Sensitization.................................................................................................15
Skin and Eye Contact................................................................................................15
Spills or Leaks........................................................................................................... 15
Combustibility of Suva® HP Refrigerants ...................................................................15
Air Monitors and Leak Detection ..............................................................................16
Types of Detectors ....................................................................................................16
Nonselective Detectors..........................................................................................17
Halogen-Selective Detectors .................................................................................17
Compound-Specific Detectors ...............................................................................17
Fluorescent Additives ............................................................................................17
Storage and Handling ................................................................................................17
Shipping Containers in the U.S..................................................................................17
Bulk Storage Systems ...............................................................................................18
Converting Bulk Storage Tanks from R-502 to Suva® HP Refrigerants..................19
Material Compatibility Concerns ............................................................................19
Handling Precautions for Suva® HP Refrigerant Shipping Containers .......................19
Recovery, Recycle, Reclamation and Disposal .......................................................20
Recovery ...................................................................................................................21
Recycle .....................................................................................................................21
Reclamation ..............................................................................................................21
Disposal ....................................................................................................................21
Introduction
Background
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were developed over 60 years ago, have many unique properties. They are low in toxicity, nonflammable,
noncorrosive, and compatible with other materials.
In addition, they offer the thermodynamic and
physical properties that make them ideal for a
variety of uses. CFCs are used as refrigerants; as
blowing agents in the manufacture of insulation,
packaging, and cushioning foams; as cleaning
agents for metal and electronic components; and
in many other applications.
However, the stability of these compounds, coupled
with their chlorine content, has linked them to
depletion of the earth’s protective ozone layer. As
a result, DuPont has phased out production of CFCs
and introduced environmentally acceptable alternatives, such as the DuPont™ Suva
family.
®
HP refrigerant
In addition, DuPont has formulated a mixture based
on all-HFC refrigerants, which results in no ozone
depletion factor. This refrigerant is called Suva
®
404A (HP62), and its composition is:
HFC-125 HFC-143a HFC-134a
®
404A
Suva
(HP62), wt% 44 52 4
The individual components of the three mixtures
are listed in Table 1 to show their chemical names
and formulae. In addition, the physical properties
of the Suva
®
HP refrigerants are listed in Table 3.
Uses
The Suva® HP refrigerants can be used in virtually
all R-502-based applications, either as a result of
retrofiting existing equipment that uses R-502 or
following development of new equipment designed
to use the Suva
®
HP products.
Suva® HP Refrigerants
The products designated as Suva® HP refrigerants
are intended as replacements for R-502 in mediumand low-temperature refrigeration systems. The
®
Suva
HP refrigerant family contains two different
types of refrigerants. Both types involve the use of
refrigerant blends to achieve alternatives that will
act very much like R-502 in refrigeration systems.
The first type of blends incorporate the following
refrigerants in two compositions to optimize different performance characteristics:
HCFC-22 HFC-125 Propane
Suva® HP80
(R-402A), wt% 38 60 2
Suva® HP81
(R-402B), wt% 60 38 2
R-502 currently serves a wide range of applications
in the refrigeration industry. It is used widely in
supermarket applications, in food service and warehousing, for transport refrigeration, in cascade systems for very low temperatures, and other assorted
applications. It offers good capacity and efficiency
without suffering from the high compressor discharge temperatures that can be seen with HCFC22 single-stage equipment.
Suva® HP80 and HP81, which contain HCFC-22,
are each formulated to optimize different performance characteristics.
®
HP80 offers compressor discharge temper-
Suva
atures equivalent to R-502, with improved capacity versus R-502, and slightly lower theoretical
efficiency.
Table 1
Refrigerant Information
Refrigerant Chemical Name Formula CAS No. Molecular Wt.
HCFC-22 Chlorodifluoromethane CF2HCl 75-45-6 86.47
HFC-125 Pentafluoroethane CF
HFC-134a 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane CF
HFC-143a 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane CF
HC-290 Propane C3H
CHF
3
2
F 811-97-2 102.0
3CH2
3CH3
8
354-33-6 120.02
420-46-2 84.08
74-98-6 44.1
The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, The miracles of science™, and
Suva® are trademarks or registered trademarks of E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and Company.
1
Suva® HP81 offers the highest efficiency versus
R-502, with slightly better capacity. However, the
higher HCFC-22 content results in compressor
discharge temperatures in the range of 14°C (25°F)
higher than that of R-502, which makes Suva
®
HP81 most suited for medium-temperature systems
such as ice machines.
®
Suva
404A (HP62) offers the best overall properties when compared with R-502. Capacity and efficiency values should be equivalent to R-502, and
compressor discharge temperatures may be up to
9°C (14°F) lower than R-502, which may equate to
longer compressor life and better lubricant stability.
In addition, the heat transfer characteristics of
®
all the Suva
HP products appear to be better than
R-502, so any loss of compression efficiency may
be offset by improvements in heat transfer.
Due to the differences in operating characteristics
described above, Suva
cally selected for different applications. Suva
®
HP80 and HP81are typi-
®
HP81 is preferred where higher energy efficiency
and capacity are needed and where the higher discharge temperatures will not create operating diffi-
®
culties. Both Suva
are full-range R-502 replacements, with Suva
HP80 and Suva® 404A (HP62)
®
HP80 preferred for retrofitting of existing systems,
®
and Suva
ment. Suva
404A (HP62) preferred for new equip-
®
404A (HP62) can also be used for
retrofitting existing equipment where HFCs are
desired. Table 2 shows markets that currently use
each of these refrigerants.
Thermodynamic tables in English and SI units are
available in Bulletins T-HP80-ENG, T-HP80-SI,
T-HP81-ENG, T-HP81-SI, T-HP62-ENG, and
®
T-HP62-SI for Suva
®
Suva
404A (HP62).
HP80, Suva® HP81, and
Chemical/Thermal Stability
Stability with Metals
Stability tests for refrigerant with metals are typically performed in the presence of refrigeration
lubricants. Results of sealed tube stability tests
available for R-502/mineral oil and alkylbenzene
lubricants have shown long-term stability in contact
with copper, steel, and aluminum in actual refrigeration systems. Mineral oils, alkylbenzene, mixtures of mineral oil/alkylbenzene and polyol esters
(POE) are all possible candidates for use with
®
Suva
HP80 and HP81; POE are proposed lubri-
cants for use with Suva
The method followed was generally the same as
ASHRAE 97 with several minor modifications. A
3-mL volume of refrigerant/lubricant solution was
heated in the presence of copper, steel, and aluminum coupons in an oven for 14 days at 175°C
(347°F). Both the neat lubricant and a mixture of
lubricant and refrigerant (50/50 volume ratio) were
tested. Visual ratings were obtained on both the
liquid solutions and the metal coupons after the
designated exposure time. The visual ratings range
from 0 to 5, with 0 being best.
®
404A (HP62).
Table 2
DuPont™ Suva® HP Refrigerant
Market Applications
Product Medium Temperature Low Temperature
Suva® HP81 Ice Machines To Be Determined
®
HP80 Supermarket Supermarket
Suva
®
404A
Suva
(HP62) All
Food Service
Vending
Supermarket
Transport Transport
Food Service
Physical Properties
General physical properties of the Suva® HP refrigerants are shown in Table 3. Pressure-enthalpy diagrams for the Suva
Figures 1–6.
Additional physical property data may be found
in other DuPont publications. Bulletin ART-18
contains viscosity, thermal conductivity, and heat
capacity data for saturated liquid and both saturated
and superheated vapor. ART-18 also contains heat
capacity ratios for saturated and superheated vapor.
®
HP refrigerants are shown in
After the visual ratings were obtained, sample tubes
were opened and the lubricant and refrigerant (if
present) were analyzed. The lubricant was typically
checked for halide content and viscosity, while the
refrigerant was examined for the presence of decomposition products. Table 4 summarizes typical
data for Suva
®
HP refrigerants. Visual ratings are
listed for the neat lubricant, the lubricant/refrigerant solution, and the three metals that were present
in the lubricant/refrigerant solutions. Viscosity was
determined on the unused lubricant, the tested neat
lubricant, and the lubricant tested in the presence
of refrigerant. Decomposition products were determined in some cases. Typical measurements for
decomposition products is in the low parts per
million (ppm) range.
®
Suva
HP81 tests with various lubricants indicate it
has adequate chemical stability with these lubricants. In addition, we believe that HP80 will have
similar behavior due to the same refrigerants being
used in the formulation. Suva
®
404A (HP62) tests
with common POE lubricants indicate that chemical stability of Suva
®
404A (HP62) with common
metals used in refrigeration systems is acceptable.
2
Table 3
General Property Information
Physical Property Unit (R-402A) (R-402B) (HP62)
Molecular Wt, avg. g/mol 101.55 94.71 97.6
Boiling Point, 1 atm °C –49.2 –47.4 –46.5
°F –56.5 –53.2 –51.6
Freezing Point °C n/a n/a n/a
°F
Critical Temperature °C 75.5 82.6 72.1
°F 167.9 180.7 161.7
Critical Pressure kPa 4135 4445 3732
psia 599.7 644.8 541.2
lb/ft
lb/ft
3
3
3
3
3
3
Critical Density kg/m
Liquid Density at 25°C (77°F) kg/m
Density, Saturated Vapor kg/m
at –15°C (5°F) lb/ft
Specific Heat at 25°C (77°F)
Liquid kJ/kg•K 1.37 1.34 1.53
Btu/lb•°F 0.328 0.320 0.367
Vapor, 1 atm kJ/kg•K 0.755 0.725 0.870
Btu/lb•°F 0.181 0.173 0.207
Vapor Pressure at 25°C (77°F) kPa 1337 1254 1255
psia 194.0 181.9 182.0
Heat of Vaporization kJ/kg 194.0 210.0 202.1
at Boiling Point Btu/lb 83.5 90.3 87.0
Thermal Conductivity at 25°C (77°F)
Liquid W/m•K 6.91E-2 7.35E-2 6.83E-2
Btu/hr•ft•°F 4.00E-2 4.25E-2 3.94E-2
Vapor, 1 atm W/m•K 1.266E-2 1.205E-2 1.346E-2
Btu/hr•ft•°F 7.32E-3 6.96E-3 7.78E-3
Viscosity at 25°C
(77°F)
Liquid Pa•s 1.38E-4 1.45E-4 1.28E-4
Vapor, 1 atm Pa•s 1.29E-5 1.28E-5 1.22E-5
Flammability Limit vol% None None None
in Air, 1 atm
Ozone-Depletion Potential (CFC-12 = 1) 0.02 0.03 0.0
Halocarbon Global (CFC-11 = 1) 0.63 0.52 0.94
Warming Potential
TSCA Inventory Status Reported/Included? Yes Yes Yes
Inhalation Exposure Limit AEL* ppm 1000 1000 1000
(8- and 12-hr TWA)
Suva® HP80 Suva® HP81 Suva® 404A
541.7 530.7 484.5
33.82 33.13 30.23
1151 1156 1048
71.86 72.14 65.45
19.93 16.90 18.20
1.24 1.05 1.14
* AEL (acceptable exposure limit) is an airborne inhalation exposure limit established by DuPont which specifies time-weighted
average concentrations to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed without adverse effects.
3
Figure 1. DuPont™ Suva® 404A (HP62) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)
404A (HP62)
®
DuPont™
Suva
Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram
(SI Units)
4
Figure 2. DuPont™ Suva® 404A (HP62) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)
404A (HP62)
®
DuPont™
Suva
Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram
(English Units)
5
Figure 3. DuPont™ Suva® HP80 (R-402A) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)
HP80 (R-402A)
®
DuPont™
Suva
Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram
(SI Units)
6
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