DrayTek VigorSwitch P1100 Service Manual

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VigorSwitch P1100

PoE 8 + 2 Gigabit Port Web Smart

Switch

User’s Guide

Version: 1.4

Firmware Version: V2.1.0_RC1

Date: January 5, 2018

(For future update, please visit DrayTek web site for further information)

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

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Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Information

Copyrights

Trademarks

© All rights reserved. This publication contains information that is protected by copyright. No part may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language without written permission from the copyright holders.

The following trademarks are used in this document:

 Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.  Windows, Windows 95, 98, Me, NT, 2000, XP, 7 and Explorer are

trademarks of Microsoft Corp.

 Apple and Mac OS are registered trademarks of Apple Inc.  Other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their

respective manufacturers.

Caution and Electronic Emission Notices

Caution

Warranty

Circuit devices are sensitive to static electricity, which can damage their delicate electronics. Dry weather conditions or walking across a carpeted floor may cause you to acquire a static electrical charge.

To protect your device, always:  Touch the metal chassis of your computer to ground the static electrical charge

before you pick up the circuit device.

 Pick up the device by holding it on the left and right edges only. We warrant to the original end user (purchaser) that the device will be free from any

defects in workmanship or materials for a period of one (1) years from the date of purchase from the dealer. Please keep your purchase receipt in a safe place as it serves as proof of date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workman s hip and/or materials, we will, at our discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components, without charge for either parts or labor, to whatever extent we deem necessary tore-store the product to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be offered solely at our discretion. This warranty will not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions. The warranty does not cover the bun dled or licensed software of other vendors. Defects which do not significantly affect the usability of the product will not be covered by the warranty. We reserve the right to revise the manual and online documentation and to make changes from time to time in the contents hereof without obligation to notify any person of such revision or changes.

Be a Registered Owner

Firmware & Tools Updates

Web registration is preferred. You can register your Vigor device via http://www.draytek.com.

Due to the continuous evolution of DrayTek technology, all devices will be regularly upgraded. Please consult the DrayTek web site for more information on newest firmware, tools and documents.

http://www.draytek.com

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

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European Community Declarations

Manufacturer: DrayTek Corp.

Address: No. 26, Fu Shing Road, HuKou township, HsinChu Industrial Park, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan 303

Product: VigorSwitch Series Device The product conforms to the requirements of Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive 2004/108/EC by

complying with the requirements set forth in EN55022/Class A and EN55024/Class A. The product conforms to the requirements of Low Voltage (LVD) Directive 2006/95/EC by complying with the

requirements set forth in EN6095-1.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment.

All trade names and trademarks are the properties of their respective companies.

GPL Notice

This DrayTek product uses software partial ly or completely licensed under the terms of the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE. The author of the software does not provide any warranty. A Limited Warranty is offered on DrayTek products. This Limited Warranty does not cover any software applications or programs.

To download source codes please visit: http://gplsource.draytek.com GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE: https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0 Version 2, June 1991 For any question, please feel free to contact DrayTek technical support at support@draytek.com for further

information.

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TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteennttss

Chapter 1: Introduction.....................................................................................................1

1.1 Overview................................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Features.................................................................................................................................. 1

1.3 Packing List............................................................................................................................. 2

1.4 LED Indicators and Connectors.............................................................................................. 3

1.5 Hardware Installation .............................................................................................................. 4

1.5.5 Configuring the Management Agent of Switch................................................................. 8

1.5.6 IP Address Assignment .................................................................................................... 9

1.6 Typical Applications............................................................................................................... 13

Chapter 2: Basic Concept and Management.................................................................15

2.1 What’s the Ethernet............................................................................................................... 15

2.2 Media Access Control (MAC)................................................................................................ 17

2.3 Flow Control.......................................................................................................................... 22

Chapter 3: Operation of Web-based Management........................................................25

3.1 Web Management Home Overview...................................................................................... 26

3.2 Status.................................................................................................................................... 27

3.2.1 System Information......................................................................................................... 27

3.2.2 Logging Message ...........................................................................................................28

3.2.3 Port .................................................................................................................................29

3.2.4 Link Aggregation............................................................................................................. 31

3.2.5 MAC Address Table........................................................................................................ 32

3.2.6 PoE Status...................................................................................................................... 32

3.2.7 LLDP Statistics ............................................................................................................... 33

3.2.8 IGMP Statistics............................................................................................................... 34

3.3 Network................................................................................................................................. 36

3.3.1 IP Address...................................................................................................................... 36

3.3.2 System Time................................................................................................................... 38

3.4 Switching............................................................................................................................... 40

3.4.1 Port Setting..................................................................................................................... 40

3.4.2 Link Aggregation............................................................................................................. 43

3.4.3 EEE................................................................................................................................. 49

3.4.4 Jumbo Frame.................................................................................................................. 51

3.4.5 PoE................................................................................................................................. 52

3.4.6 VLAN Management ........................................................................................................ 55

3.4.7 Multicast.......................................................................................................................... 63

3.4.8 Spanning Tree................................................................................................................ 71

3.5 MAC Address Table............................................................................................................... 76

3.5.1 Dynamic Address............................................................................................................ 76

3.5.2 Static Address................................................................................................................. 77

3.6 Security ................................................................................................................................. 79

3.6.1 Access Control................................................................................................................ 79

3.6.2 Protected Port................................................................................................................. 80

3.6.3 Storm Control.................................................................................................................. 81

3.6.4 DoS................................................................................................................................. 83

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3.7 QoS....................................................................................................................................... 88

3.7.1 General........................................................................................................................... 88

3.7.2 Rate Limit........................................................................................................................ 95

3.8 Management......................................................................................................................... 99

3.8.1 LLDP............................................................................................................................... 99

3.8.2 SNMP............................................................................................................................ 107

3.9 Diagnostics...........................................................................................................................111

3.9.1 Logging......................................................................................................................... 111

3.9.2 Mirroring........................................................................................................................ 113

3.9.3 Ping............................................................................................................................... 115

3.9.4 Copper Test.................................................................................................................. 116

3.10 Maintenance.......................................................................................................................116

3.10.1 User Account.............................................................................................................. 116

3.10.2 Firmware Upgrade/Backup......................................................................................... 117

3.10.3 Configuration .............................................................................................................. 119

3.10.4 Factory Default / System Reboot................................................................................ 121

Chapter 4: Trouble Shooting.........................................................................................123

4.1 Resolving No Link Condition............................................................................................... 123

4.2 Q & A................................................................................................................................... 123

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Chhaapptteerr 11:: IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn

11..11 OOvveerrvviieeww

PoE 8+2 Gigabit Ports Web Smart Switch is a standard switch that meets all IEEE

802.3/u/x/z Gigabit, Fast Ethernet specifications. The switch supports console, telnet, http and SNMP interface for switch management. The network administrator can logon the switch to monitor, configure and control each port’s activity. In addition, the switch implements the QoS (Quality of Service), VLAN, and Trunking. It is suitable for office application.

Others the switch increases support the Power saving for reduce the power consumption with "ActiPHY Power Management" and "PerfectReach Power Management" two techniques. It could efficient saving the switch power with auto detect the client idle and cable length to provide different power.

10/100/1000Mbps TP is a standard Ethernet port that meets all IEEE 802.3/u/x/z Gigabit, Fast Ethernet specifications. 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is a Gigabit Ethernet port that fully complies with all IEEE 802.3z and 1000Base-SX/LX standards.

Below shows key features of this device:

QQooSS

The switch offers powerful QoS function. This function supports 802.1p VLAN tag priority and DSCP on Layer 3 of network framework.

VVLLAANN

Support Port-based VLAN and IEEE802.1Q Tag VLAN. Support 24 active VLANs and VLAN ID 1~4094.

PPoorrtt TTrruunnkkiinngg

Allows one or more links to be aggregated together to form a Link Aggregation Group by the static setting.

PPoowweerr SSaavviinngg

The Power saving using the "ActiPHY Power Management" and "PerfectReach Power Management" two techniques to detect the client idle and cable length automatically and provides the different power. It could efficient to save the switch power and reduce the power consumption.

11..22 FFeeaattuurreess

The VigorSwitch P1100, a standalone off-the-shelf switch, provides the comprehensive features listed below for users to perform system network administration and efficiently and securely serve your network.

HHaarrddwwaarree

 8 10/100/1000Mbps Auto-negotiation Gigabit Ethernet TP ports  512KB on-chip frame buffer

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 Jumbo frame support 9KB  Programmable classifier for QoS (Layer 2/Layer 3)  8K MAC address and support VLAN ID(1~4094)  Per-port shaping, policing, and Broadcast Storm Control  Power Saving with "ActiPHY Power Management" and "Perfect Reach Power

Management" techniques.

 IEEE802.1ad Q-in-Q nested VLAN support  Full-duplex flow control (IEEE802.3x) and half-duplex backpressure  Extensive front-panel diagnostic LEDs; System: Power, TP Port1-24: LINK/ACT,

10/100/1000Mbps

MMaannaaggeemmeenntt

 Supports per port traffic monitoring counters  Supports a snapshot of the system Information when you login  Supports port mirror function  Supports the static trunk function  Supports 802.1Q VLAN  Supports user management and limits three users to login  Maximal packet length can be up to 9600 bytes for jumbo frame application  Supports Broadcasting Suppression to avoid network suspended or crashed  Supports to send the trap event while monitored events happened  Supports default configuration which can be restored to overwrite the current

configuration which is working on via Web UI and Reset button of the switch

 Supports on-line plug/unplug SFP modules  Supports Quality of Service (QoS) for real time applications based on the

information taken from Layer 2 to Layer 3

 Built-in web-based management and CLI management, providing a more

convenient UI for the user

11..33 PPaacckkiinngg LLiisstt

Before you start installing the switch, verify that the package contains the following:

 VigorSwitch P1100  AC  Quick Start Guide  Rubber feet  Rack mount kit

Please notify your sales representative immediately if any of the aforementioned items is missing or damaged.

Power Cord

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11..44 LLEEDD IInnddiiccaattoorrss aanndd CCoonnnneeccttoorrss

Before you use the Vigor device, please get acquainted with the LED indicators and connectors first.

There are 8 Ethernet ports on the front panel of the switch. LED display area, locating on the front panel, contains an ACT, Power LED and 8 ports working status of the switch.

LLEEDD EExxppllaannaattiioonn

LED Color Explanation

PWR

SYS

ACT (Port 1~10)

On (Green) The device is powered on. Off The device is powered off. On (Green) The switch finishes system booting. Blinking

(Green) Off On (Green) Port is connected at 1000 Mps.

Off Blinking

(Green) On (Green) A Power Device is connected. PoE Off No Power Device is connected.

The switch is powered on and starts system booting.

The power is off or the system is not ready / malfunctioning.

LAN is disconnected. Data is transmitting (sending/receiving).

CCoonnnneeccttoorr EExxppllaannaattiioonn

Interface Description

Power inlet for AC input (100~240V/AC, 50/60Hz).

1/0 (ON/OFF) - Power switch.

Power Output -- IEEE 802.3af Max. 15.4W Output Supported; IEEE 802.3at Max. 30W Output Supported

PoE Power Budget -- 130 Watts (Max)

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UUsseerr IInntteerrffaacceess oonn tthhee RReeaarr PPaanneell

8-PORT GBE WEB SMART SWITCH

11..55 HHaarrddwwaarree IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

Case 1: All switch ports are in the same local area network.

Every port can access each other. (*The switch image is sample only.)

(

If VLAN is enabled and configured, each node in the network that can communicate each other directly is bounded in the same VLAN area.

Here VLAN area is defined by what VLAN you are using. The switch supports both port-based VLAN and tag-based VLAN. They are different in practical deployment, especially in physical location. The following diagram shows how it works and what the difference they are.

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Case 2: Port-based VLAN -1 (*The switch image is sample only.)

 The same VLAN members could not be in different switches.  Every VLAN members could not access VLAN members each other.  The switch manager has to assign different names for each VLAN groups at one

switch.

Case 3: Port-based VLAN - 2

 VLAN1 members could not access VLAN2, VLAN3 and VLAN4 members.  VLAN2 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members, but they could

access VLAN4 members.

 VLAN3 members could not access VLAN1, VLAN2 and VLAN4.  VLAN4 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members, but they could

access VLAN2 members.

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Case 4: The same VLAN members can be at different switches with the same VID

DDeesskkttoopp IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

1. Install the switch on a level surface that can support the weight of the unit and the

relevant components.

2. Plug the switch with the female end of the provided power cord and plug the male

end to the power outlet.

RRaacckk--mmoouunntt IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

The switch may be standalone, or mounted in a rack. Rack mounting facilitate to an orderly installation when you are going to install series of networking devices.

Procedures to Rack-mount the switch:

1. Disconnect all the cables from the switch before continuing.

2. Place the unit the right way up on a hard, flat surface with the front facing you.

3. Locate a mounting bracket over the mounting holes on one side of the unit.

4. Insert the screws and fully tighten with a suitable screwdriver.

5. Repeat the two previous steps for the other side of the unit.

6. Insert the unit into the rack and secure with suitable screws.

7. Reconnect all the cables.

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IInnssttaalllliinngg NNeettwwoorrkk CCaabblleess



Crossover or straight-through cable: All the ports on the switch support Auto-MDI/MDI-X functionality. Both straight-through or crossover cables can be used as the media to connect the switch with PCs as well as other devices like switches, hubs or router.

 Category 3, 4, 5 or 5e, 6 UTP/STP cable: To make a valid connection and obtain the

optimal performance, an appropriate cable that corresponds to different transmitting/receiving speed is required. To choose a suitable cable, please refer to the following table.

Media Speed Wiring

10 Mbps Category 3,4,5 UTP/STP

10/100/1000

Mbps copper

100Mbps Category 5 UTP/STP 1000 Mbps Category 5e, 6 UTP/STP

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11..55..55 CCoonnffiigguurriinngg tthhee MMaannaaggeemmeenntt AAggeenntt ooff SSwwiittcchh

Users can monitor and configure the switch through the following procedures. Configuring the Management Agent of VigorSwitch P1100 through the Ethernet Port. There are two ways to configure and monitor the switch through the switch’s Ethernet port.

They are Web browser and SNMP manager. We just introduce the first type of management interface. Web-based UI for the switch is an interface in a highly friendly way.

Managing VigorSwitch P1100 through Ethernet Port

Before start using the switch, the IP address setting of the switch should be done, then perform the following steps:

1. Set up a physical path between the configured the switch and a PC by a qualified UTP

Cat. 5 cable with RJ-45 connector.

Note: If PC directly connects to the switch, you have to setup the same subnet mask between them. But, subnet mask may be different for the PC in the remote site. Please refer to the above figure about the 24-Port GbE Web Smart Switch default IP address information.

2. Run web browser and follow the menu. Please refer to Chapter 3.

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11..55..66 IIPP AAddddrreessss AAssssiiggnnmmeenntt

For IP address configuration, there are three parameters needed to be filled in. They are IP address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS.

IP address:

The address of the network device in the network is used for internetworking communication. Its address structure looks is shown below. It is “classful” because it is split into predefined address classes or categories.

Each class has its own network range between the network identifier and host identifier in the 32 bits address. Each IP address comprises two parts: network identifier (address) and host identifier (address). The former indicates the network where the addressed host resides, and the latter indicates the individual host in the network which the address of host refers to. And the host identifier must be unique in the same LAN. Here the term of IP address we used is version 4, known as IPv4.

Network identifier Host identifier

32 bits

With the classful addressing, it divides IP address into three classes, class A, class B and class C. The rest of IP addresses are for multicast and broadcast. The bit length of the network prefix is the same as that of the subnet mask and is denoted as IP address/X, for example, 192.168.1.0/24. Each class has its address range described below.

Class A:

Address is less than 126.255.255.255. There are a total of 126 networks can be defined because the address 0.0.0.0 is reserved for default route and 127.0.0.0/8 is reserved for loopback function.

Class B:

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IP address range between 128.0.0.0 and 191.255.255.255. Each class B network has a 16-bit network prefix followed 16-bit host address. There are 16,384 (2^14)/16 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 65534 (2^16 –2) hosts per network.

Class C:

IP address range between 192.0.0.0 and 223.255.255.255. Each class C network has a 24-bit network prefix followed 8-bit host address. There are 2,097,152 (2^21)/24 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 254 (2^8 –2) hosts per network.

Class D and E:

Class D is a class with first 4 MSB (Most significance bit) set to 1-1-1-0 and is used for IP Multicast. See also RFC 1112. Class E is a class with first 4 MSB set to 1-1-1-1 and is used for IP broadcast.

According to IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), there are three specific IP address blocks reserved and able to be used for extending internal network. We call it Private IP address and list below:

Class A 10.0.0.0 --- 10.255.255.255 Class B 172.16.0.0 --- 172.31.255.255 Class C 192.168.0.0 --- 192.168.255.255

Please refer to RFC 1597 and RFC 1466 for more information.

Subnet mask:

It means the sub-division of a class-based network or a CIDR block. The subnet is used to determine how to split an IP address to the network prefix and the host address in bitwise basis. It is designed to utilize IP address more efficiently and ease to manage IP network.

For a class B network, 128.1.2.3, it may have a subnet mask 255.255.0.0 in default, in which the first two bytes is with all 1s. This means more than 60 thousands of nodes in flat IP address will be at the same network. It’s too large to manage practically. Now if we divide it into smaller network by extending network prefix from 16 bits to, say 24 bits, that’s using its third byte to subnet this class B network. Now it has a subnet mask

255.255.255.0, in which each bit of the first three bytes is 1. It’s now clear that the first two bytes is used to identify the class B network, the third byte is used to identify the subnet within this class B network and, of course, the last byte is the host number.

Not all IP address is available in the sub-netted network. Two special addresses are reserved. They are the addresses with all zero’s and all one’s host number. For example, an IP address 128.1.2.128, what IP address reserved will be looked like? All 0s mean the network itself, and all 1s mean IP broadcast.

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In this diagram, you can see the subnet mask with 25-bit long, 255.255.255.128, contains 126 members in the sub-netted network. Another is that the length of network prefix equals the number of the bit with 1s in that subnet mask. With this, you can easily count the number of IP addresses matched. The following table shows the result.

Prefix Length No. of IP matched No. of Addressable IP

/32 1 /31 2 /30 4 2 /29 8 6 /28 16 14 /27 32 30 /26 64 62 /25 128 126 /24 256 254 /23 512 510 /22 1024 1022 /21 2048 2046 /20 4096 4094 /19 8192 8190 /18 16384 16382 /17 32768 32766 /16 65536 65534

According to the scheme above, a subnet mask 255.255.255.0 will partition a network with the class C. It means there will have a maximum of 254 effective nodes existed in this sub-netted network and is considered a physical network in an autonomous network. So it owns a network IP address which may looks like 168.1.2.0.

With the subnet mask, a bigger network can be cut into small pieces of network. If we want to have more than two independent networks in a worknet, a partition to the network must be performed. In this case, subnet mask must be applied.

For different network applications, the subnet mask may look like 255.255.255.240. This means it is a small network accommodating a maximum of 15 nodes in the network.

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Default gateway:

For the routed packet, if the destination is not in the routing table, all the traffic is put into the device with the designated IP address, known as default router. Basically, it is a routing policy. The gateway setting is used for Trap Events Host only in the switch.

For assigning an IP address to the switch, you just have to check what the IP address of the network will be connected with the switch. Use the same network address and append your host address to it.

First, IP Address: as shown above, enter “192.168.1.224”, for instance. For sure, an IP address such as 192.168.1.x must be set on your PC.

Second, Subnet Mask: as shown above, enter “255.255.255.0”. Any subnet mask such as

255.255.255.x is allowable in this case.

: The DHCP Setting is enabled in default.

Note

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11..66 TTyyppiiccaall AApppplliiccaattiioonnss

The VigorSwitch implements 8 Gigabit Ethernet TP ports with auto MDIX and two slots for the removable module supporting comprehensive fiber types of connection including LC and BiDi-LC SFP modules. The switch is suitable for the following applications.

 Central Site/Remote site application is used in carrier or ISP

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It is a system wide basic reference connection diagram. This diagram demonstrates how the switch connects with other network devices and hosts.

 Peer-to-peer application is used in two remote offices

 Office network

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Chhaapptteerr 22::

Maannaaggee

This chapter will tell you the basic concept of features to manage this switch and how they work.

22..11 WWhhaatt’’ss tthhee EEtthheerrnneett

Ethernet originated and was implemented at Xerox in Palo Alto, CA in 1973 and was successfully commercialized by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Intel and Xerox (DIX) in 1980. In 1992, Grand Junction Networks unveiled a new high speed Ethernet with the same characteristic of the original Ethernet but operated at 100Mbps, called Fast Ethernet now. This means Fast Ethernet inherits the same frame format, CSMA/CD, software interface. In 1998, Gigabit Ethernet was rolled out and provided 1000Mbps. Now 10G/s Ethernet is under approving. Although these Ethernet have different speed, they still use the same basic functions. So they are compatible in software and can connect each other almost without limitation. The transmission media may be the only problem.

Baassiicc

meenntt

Coonncceepptt aanndd

In the above figure, we can see that Ethernet locates at the Data Link layer and Physical layer and comprises three portions, including logical link control (LLC), media access control (MAC), and physical layer. The first two comprises Data link layer, which performs splitting data into frame for transmitting, receiving acknowledge frame, error checking and re-transmitting when not received correctly as well as provides an error-free channel upward to network layer.

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This above diagram shows the Ethernet architecture, LLC sub-layer and MAC sub-layer, which are responded to the Data Link layer, and transceivers, which are responded to the Physical layer in OSI model. In this section, we are mainly describing the MAC sub-layer.

LLooggiiccaall LLiinnkk CCoonnttrrooll ((LLLLCC))

Data link layer is composed of both the sub-layers of MAC and MAC-client. Here MAC client may be logical link control or bridge relay entity.

Logical link control supports the interface between the Ethernet MAC and upper layers in the protocol stack, usually Network layer, which is nothing to do with the nature of the LAN. So it can operate over other different LAN technology such as Token Ring, FDDI and so on. Likewise, for the interface to the MAC layer, LLC defines the services with the interface independent of the medium access technology and with some of the nature of the medium itself.

The table above is the format of LLC PDU. It comprises four fields, DSAP, SSAP, Control and Information. The DSAP address field identifies the one or more service access points, in which the I/G bit indicates it is individual or group address. If all bit of DSAP is 1s, it’s a global address. The SSAP address field identifies the specific services indicated by C/R bit

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(command or response). The DSAP and SSAP pair with some reserved values indicates some well-known services listed in the table below.

LLC type 1 connectionless service, LLC type 2 connection-oriented service and LLC type 3 acknowledge connectionless service are three types of LLC frame for all classes of service. In Fig 3-2, it shows the format of Service Access Point (SAP). Please refer to IEEE802.2 for more details.

22..22 MMeeddiiaa AAcccceessss CCoonnttrrooll ((MMAACC)

MMAACC AAddddrreessssiinngg

Because LAN is composed of many nodes, for the data exchanged among these nodes, each node must have its own unique address to identify who should send the data or should receive the data. In OSI model, each layer provides its own mean to identify the unique address in some form, for example, IP address in network layer.

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The MAC is belonged to Data Link Layer (Layer 2), the address is defined to be a 48-bit long and locally unique address. Since this type of address is applied only to the Ethernet LAN media access control (MAC), they are referred to as MAC addresses.

The first three bytes are Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI) code assigned by IEEE. The last three bytes are the serial number assigned by the vendor of the network device. All these six bytes are stored in a non-volatile memory in the device. Their format is as the following table and normally written in the form as aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff, a 12 hexadecimal digits separated by hyphens, in which the aa-bb-cc is the OUI code and the dd-ee-ff is the serial number assigned by manufacturer.

Bit 47 Bit 0

byte 2nd byte 3rd byte 4th byte 5th byte 6th byte

OUI code Serial number

The first bit of the first byte in the Destination address (DA) determines the address to be a Unicast (0) or Multicast frame (1), known as I/G bit indicating individual (0) or group (1). So the 48-bit address space is divided into two portions, Unicast and Multicast. The second bit is for global-unique (0) or locally-unique address. The former is assigned by the device manufacturer, and the later is usually assigned by the administrator. In practice, global-unique addresses are always applied.

A unicast address is identified with a single network interface. With this nature of MAC address, a frame transmitted can exactly be received by the target an interface the destination MAC points to.

A multicast address is identified with a group of network devices or network interfaces. In Ethernet, a many-to-many connectivity in the LANs is provided. It provides a mean to send a frame to many network devices at a time. When all bit of DA is 1s, it is a broadcast, which means all network device except the sender itself can receive the frame and response.

EEtthheerrnneett FFrraammee FFoorrmmaatt

There are two major forms of Ethernet frame, type encapsulation and length encapsulation, both of which are categorized as four frame formats 802.3/802.2 SNAP, 802.3/802.2, Ethernet II and Netware 802.3 RAW. We will introduce the basic Ethernet frame format defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard required for all MAC implementations. It contains seven fields explained below.

PRE SFD DA SA Type/Length Data Pad bit if any FCS

7 7 6 6 2 46-1500 4

Preamble (PRE) - The PRE is 7-byte long with alternating pattern of ones and zeros used to tell the receiving node that a frame is coming, and to synchronize the physical receiver with the incoming bit stream. The preamble pattern is:

10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101 010 10101010 10101010

Start-of-frame delimiter (SFD) - The SFD is one-byte long with alternating pattern of ones and zeros, ending with two consecutive 1-bits. It immediately follows the preamble and uses the last two consecutive 1s bit to indicate that the next bit is the start of the data packet and the left-most bit in the left-most byte of the destination address. The SFD pattern is 10101011.

Destination address (DA) - The DA field is used to identify which network device(s) should receive the packet. It is a unique address. Please see the section of MAC addressing.

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Source addresses (SA) - The SA field indicates the source node. The SA is always an individual address and the left-most bit in the SA field is always 0.

Length/Type - This field indicates either the number of the data bytes contained in the data field of the frame, or the Ethernet type of data. If the value of first two bytes is less than or equal to 1500 in decimal, the number of bytes in the data field is equal to the Length/Type value, i.e. this field acts as Length indicator at this moment. When this field acts as Length, the frame has optional fields for 802.3/802.2 SNAP encapsulation, 802.3/802.2 encapsulation and Netware 802.3 RAW encapsulation. Each of them has different fields following the Length field.

If the Length/Type value is greater than 1500, it means the Length/Type acts as Type. Different type value means the frames with different protocols running over Ethernet being sent or received.

For example,

0x0800 IP datagram 0x0806 ARP 0x0835 RARP 0x8137 IPX datagram 0x86DD IPv6

Data - Less than or equal to 1500 bytes and greater or equal to 46 bytes. If data is less than 46 bytes, the MAC will automatically extend the padding bits and have the payload be equal to 46 bytes. The length of data field must equal the value of the Length field when the Length/Type acts as Length.

Frame check sequence (FCS) - This field contains a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value, and is a check sum computed with DA, SA, through the end of the data field with the following polynomial.

It is created by the sending MAC and recalculated by the receiving MAC to check if the packet is damaged or not.

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The MAC sub-layer has two primary jobs to do:

1. Receiving and transmitting data. When receiving data, it parses frame to detect error;

when transmitting data, it performs frame assembly.

2. Performing Media access control. It prepares the initiation jobs for a frame

transmission and makes recovery from transmission failure.

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As Ethernet adopted Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect (CSMA/CD), it detects if there is any carrier signal from another network device running over the physical medium when a frame is ready for transmission. This is referred to as sensing carrier, also “Listen”. If there is signal on the medium, the MAC defers the traffic to avoid a transmission collision and waits for a random period of time, called backoff time, then sends the traffic again.

After the frame is assembled, when transmitting the frame, the preamble (PRE) bytes are inserted and sent first, then the next, Start of frame Delimiter (SFD), DA, SA and through

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the data field and FCS field in turn. The followings summarize what a MAC does before transmitting a frame.

1. MAC will assemble the frame. First, the preamble and Start-of-Frame delimiter will be

put in the fields of PRE and SFD, followed DA, SA, tag ID if tagged VLAN is applied, Ethertype or the value of the data length, and payload data field, and finally put the FCS data in order into the responded fields.

2. Listen if there is any traffic running over the medium. If yes, wait.

3. If the medium is quiet, and no longer senses any carrier, the MAC waits for a period of

time, i.e. inter-frame gap time to have the MAC ready with enough time and then start transmitting the frame.

4. During the transmission, MAC keeps monitoring the status of the medium. If no

collision happens until the end of the frame, it transmits successfully. If there is a collision happened, the MAC will send the patterned jamming bit to guarantee the collision event propagated to all involved network devices, then wait for a random period of time, i.e. backoff time. When backoff time expires, the MAC goes back to the beginning state and attempts to transmit again. After a collision happens, MAC increases the transmission attempts. If the count of the transmission attempt reaches 16 times, the frame in MAC’s queue will be discarded.

Ethernet MAC transmits frames in half-duplex and full-duplex ways. In halfduplex operation mode, the MAC can either transmit or receive frame at a moment, but cannot do both jobs at the same time.

As the transmission of a MAC frame with the half-duplex operation exists only in the same collision domain, the carrier signal needs to spend time to travel to reach the targeted device. For two most-distant devices in the same collision domain, when one sends the frame first, and the second sends the frame, in worstcase, just before the frame from the first device arrives. The collision happens and will be detected by the second device immediately. Because of the medium delay, this corrupted signal needs to spend some time to propagate back to the first device. The maximum time to detect a collision is approximately twice the signal propagation time between the two most-distant devices. This maximum time is traded-off by the collision recovery time and the diameter of the LAN.

In the original 802.3 specification, Ethernet operates in half duplex only. Under this condition, when in 10Mbps LAN, it’s 2500 meters, in 100Mbps LAN, it’s approximately 200 meters and in 1000Mbps, 200 meters. According to the theory, it should be 20 meters. But it’s not practical, so the LAN diameter is kept by using to increase the minimum frame size with a variable-length non-data extension bit field which is removed at the receiving MAC. The following tables are the frame format suitable for 10M, 100M and 1000M Ethernet, and some parameter values that shall be applied to all of these three types of Ethernet.

Actually, the practice Gigabit Ethernet chips do not feature this so far. They all have their chips supported full-duplex mode only, as well as all network vendors’ devices. So this criterion should not exist at the present time and in the future. The switch’s Gigabit module supports only full-duplex mode.

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Parameter value/LAN

Max. collision domain DTE to DTE

Max. collision domain with repeater

Slot time Interframe Gap AttemptLimit BackoffLimit JamSize MaxFrameSize MinFrameSize BurstLimit

10Base 100Base 1000Base

100 meters 100 meters for

UTP 412 meters for

fiber

100 meters for UTP

316 meters for fiber

2500 meters 205 meters 200 meters

512 bit times 512 bit times 512 bit times

9.6us 0.96us 0.096us 16 16 16 10 10 10 32 bits 32 bits 32 bits 1518 1518 1518 64 64 64 Not applicable Not applicable 65536 bits

In full-duplex operation mode, both transmitting and receiving frames are processed simultaneously. This doubles the total bandwidth. Full duplex is much easier than half duplex because it does not involve media contention, collision, retransmission schedule, padding bits for short frame. The rest functions follow the specification of IEEE802.3. For example, it must meet the requirement of minimum inter-frame gap between successive frames and frame format the same as that in the half-duplex operation.

Because no collision will happen in full-duplex operation, for sure, there is no mechanism to tell all the involved devices. What will it be if receiving device is busy and a frame is coming at the same time? Can it use “backpressure” to tell the source device? A function flow control is introduced in the full-duplex operation.

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22..33 FFllooww CCoonnttrrooll

Flow control is a mechanism to tell the source device stopping sending frame for a specified period of time designated by target device until the PAUSE time expires. This is accomplished by sending a PAUSE frame from target device to source device. When the target is not busy and the PAUSE time is expired, it will send another PAUSE frame with zero time-to-wait to source device. After the source device receives the PAUSE frame, it will again transmit frames immediately. PAUSE frame is identical in the form of the MAC frame with a pause-time value and with a special destination MAC address 01-80-C2-00-00-01. As per the specification, PAUSE operation can not be used to inhibit the transmission of MAC control frame.

Normally, in 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet, only symmetric flow control is supported. However, some switches (e.g. 24-Port GbE Web Smart Switch) support not only symmetric but asymmetric flow controls for the special application. In Gigabit Ethernet, both symmetric flow control and asymmetric flow control are supported. Asymmetric flow control only allows transmitting PAUSE frame in one way from one side, the other side is not but receipt-and-discard the flow control information. Symmetric flow control allows both two ports to transmit PASUE frames each other simultaneously.

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After the end of a transmission, if a network node is ready to transmit data out and if there is no carrier signal on the medium at that time, the device will wait for a period of time known as an inter-frame gap time to have the medium clear and stabilized as well as to have the jobs ready, such as adjusting buffer counter, updating counter and so on, in the receiver site. Once the inter-frame gap time expires after the de-assertion of carrier sense, the MAC transmits data. In IEEE802.3 specification, this is 96-bit time or more.

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Collision happens only in half-duplex operation. When two or more network nodes transmit frames at approximately the same time, a collision always occurs and interferes with each other. This results the carrier signal distorted and undiscriminated. MAC can afford detecting, through the physical layer, the distortion of the carrier signal. When a collision is detected during a frame transmission, the transmission will not stop immediately but, instead, continues transmitting until the rest bits specified by jamSize are completely transmitted. This guarantees the duration of collision is enough to have all involved devices able to detect the collision. This is referred to as Jamming. After jamming pattern is sent, MAC stops transmitting the rest data queued in the buffer and waits for a random period of time, known as backoff time with the following formula. When backoff time expires, the device goes back to the state of attempting to transmit frame. The backoff time is determined by the formula below. When the times of collision is increased, the backoff time is getting long until the collision times excess 16. If this happens, the frame will be discarded and backoff time will also be reset.

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In essence, the frame reception is the same in both operations of half duplex and full duplex, except that full-duplex operation uses two buffers to transmit and receive the frame independently. The receiving node always “listens” if there is traffic running over the medium when it is not receiving a frame. When a frame destined for the target device comes, the receiver of the target device begins receiving the bit stream, and looks for the PRE (Preamble) pattern and Start-of-Frame Delimiter (SFD) that indicates the next bit is the starting point of the MAC frame until all bit of the frame is received.

For a received frame, the MAC will check:

1. If it is less than one slotTime in length, i.e. short packet, and if yes, it will be discarded

by MAC because, by definition, the valid frame must be longer than the slotTime. If the length of the frame is less than one slotTime, it means there may be a collision happened somewhere or an interface malfunctioned in the LAN. When detecting the case, the MAC drops the packet and goes back to the ready state.

2. If the DA of the received frame exactly matches the physical address that the receiving

MAC owns or the multicast address designated to recognize. If not, discards it and the MAC passes the frame to its client and goes back to the ready state.

3. If the frame is too long. If yes, throws it away and reports frame Too Long.

4. If the FCS of the received frame is valid. If not, for 10M and 100M Ethernet, discards

the frame. For Gigabit Ethernet or higher speed Ethernet, MAC has to check one more field, i.e. extra bit field, if FCS is invalid. If there is any extra bits existed, which must meet the specification of IEEE802.3. When both FCS and extra bits are valid, the received frame will be accepted, otherwise discards the received frame and reports frameCheckError if no extra bits appended or alignmentError if extra bits appended.

5. If the length/type is valid. If not, discards the packet and reports lengthError.

6. If all five procedures above are ok, then the MAC treats the frame as good and

de-assembles the frame.

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VLAN tagging is a 4-byte long data immediately following the MAC source address. When tagged VLAN is applied, the Ethernet frame structure will have a little change shown as follows.

Only two fields, VLAN ID and Tag control information are different in comparison with the basic Ethernet frame. The rest fields are the same.

The first two bytes is VLAN type ID with the value of 0x8100 indicating the received frame is tagged VLAN and the next two bytes are Tag Control Information (TCI) used to provide user priority and VLAN ID, which are explained respectively in the following table.

Bits 15-13 Bit 12

User Priority 7-0, 0 is lowest priority CFI (Canonical Format Indicator)

1: RIF field is present in the tag header

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0: No RIF field is present

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Bits 11-0

VID (VLAN Identifier) 0x000: Null VID. No VID is present and only user priority is

present. 0x001: Default VID 0xFFF: Reserved

Note: RIF is used in Token Ring network to provide source routing and comprises two fields, Routing Control and Route Descriptor.

When MAC parses the received frame and finds a reserved special value 0x8100 at the location of the Length/Type field of the normal non-VLAN frame, it will interpret the received frame as a tagged VLAN frame. If this happens in a switch, the MAC will forward it, according to its priority and egress rule, to all the ports that is associated with that VID. If it happens in a network interface card, MAC will deprive of the tag header and process it in the same way as a basic normal frame. For a VLAN-enabled LAN, all involved devices must be equipped with VLAN optional function.

At operating speeds above 100 Mbps, the slotTime employed at slower speeds is inadequate to accommodate network topologies of the desired physical extent. Carrier Extension provides a means by which the slotTime can be increased to a sufficient value for the desired topologies, without increasing the minFrameSize parameter, as this would have deleterious effects. Nondata bits, referred to as extension bits, are appended to frames that are less than slotTime bits in length so that the resulting transmission is at least one slotTime in duration. Carrier Extension can be performed only if the underlying physical layer is capable of sending and receiving symbols that are readily distinguished from data symbols, as is the case in most physical layers that use a block encoding/decoding scheme.

The maximum length of the extension is equal to the quantity (slotTime - minFrameSize). The MAC continues to monitor the medium for collisions while it is transmitting extension bits, and it will treat any collision that occurs after the threshold (slotTime) as a late collision.

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Chhaapptteerr 33::

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This chapter would introduce how to manage your Web Smart Switch and how to configure the 10/100/1000Mbps TP Ports on the switch via web user interfaces. Web Smart Switch provides 24 fixed Gigabit Ethernet TP ports. With this facility, you can easily access and monitor the status like MIBs, port activity, and multicast traffic through any ports on the switch.

The default values of the Switch are listed in the figure below:

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When the configuration of your Web Smart Switch is finished, you can browse it by the IP address you set up. For instance, uncheck the Enable box of DHCP Setting first (it is enabled in default). Next, type http://192.168.1. in the address row in a browser, then the following screen would show up and ask for your password input for login and access authentication. The default password is “admin”. For the first time access, please enter the default password, and click <Apply> button. The login process now would be completed.

Web Smart Switch supports a simplified user management function which allows only one administrator to configure the switch at one time.

To optimize the display effect, we recommend Microsoft IE and 1024x768 display resolution.

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33..11 WWeebb MMaannaaggeemmeenntt HHoommee OOvveerrvviieeww

After login, System Information would be displayed as the following illustration. This page lists default values and shows you the basic information of the switch, including “Model”, System Name”, “System Location”, “System Contact”, “MAC Address”, “IPv4 Address”, “IPv6 Address”, “System Uptime”, “Current Time”, “Loader Version”, “Loader Date”, “Firmware Version”, “Firmware Date”, “ Telnet”, “HTTP”, “HTTPS” and “SNMP”. With this information, you will know the software version, MAC address, ports available and so on. It would be helpful while malfunction occurred.

On the top part of the information page, it shows the front panel of the switch. Linked ports will be displayed in green color, and linked-off ones will be in black. For the optional modules, the slots with no module will only show covered plates, the other slots with installed modules would present modules. The images of modules would depend on the ones you insert. Vice versa, if ports are disconnected, they will show just in black.

On the left side, the main menu tree for web is listed in the page. The functions of each folder are described in its corresponded section respectively. As to the function names in normal type are the sub-functions. When clicking it, the function is performed.

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33..22 SSttaattuus

33..22..11 SSyysstteemm IInnffoorrmmaattiioonn

Function name:

Status>>System Information

Function description:

System configuration is one of the most important functions. Without a proper setting, network administrator would not be able to manage the device. The switch supports manual IP address setting.

Show system description, firmware version, hardware version, MAC address, IP address, MAC address, active subnet mask, active gateway, and etc.

Parameter description: System Name

System Location

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

System name of the switch. This name will also use as CLI prefix of each line. (“Switch>” or “Switch#”)

Set the location of the switch where it was located.

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System Contact

MAC address

IPv4/IPv6 address System OID System Uptime Current Time Loader Version Loader Date Firmware Version Firmware Date

33..22..22 LLooggggiinngg MMeessssaaggee

Function name:

System contact of the switch. For easily managing and maintaining device, you may

write down the contact person and phone here for getting help soon. You can configure this parameter through the device’s user interface or SNMP.

It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management agent in this switch.

The IPv4/IPv6 address of the switch. Display SNMP system object ID. Display total elapsed time from booting. Display current system time of the switch. Display the boot loader version in this switch. Display the date of the loader released. Display the firmware version in this switch. Display the date of the firmware released.

Status>>Logging Message

Function description: Display the switch logs.

Parameter description: Viewing Severity Description

Choose RAM or Flash to display related information. Display the severity of log messages. Display the related information about the log.

Clear Refresh

Remove current status. Refresh current status page.

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33..22..33 PPoorrtt

33..22..33..11 SSttaattiissttiiccss

Function name:

Status>>Port>>Statistics

Function description:

On this page user can get standard counters on network traffic from the interfaces, Ethernet-like and RMON MIB. Interfaces and Ethernet-like counters display errors on the traffic passing through each port. RMON counters provide a total count of different frame types and sizes passing through each port.

Parameter description: Port

MIB Counter

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

Select one port to show counter statistics. Select the MIB counter to show different count type

All: All counters. Interface: Interface related MIB counters Etherlike: Ethernet-like related MIB counters

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RMON: RMON related MIB counters

Refresh Rate

33..22..33..22 BBaannddwwiiddtthh UUttiilliizzaattiioonn

Refresh the web page every period of seconds to get new counter of specified port.

Function name:

Status>>Port>>Bandwidth Utilization

Function description:

Display the Bandwidth Utilization information.

Parameter description: Refresh Rate

Refresh the web page every period of seconds.

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33..22..44 LLiinnkk AAggggrreeggaattiioonn

Function name:

Status>>Link Aggregation (LAG)

Function description:

Parameter description: LAG Status LAG

LAG Name.

Name

Type

Link State Active Member Inactive Member

LAG port description. The type of the LAG.

 Static: The groups of ports assigned to a static LAG

are always active members.

 LACP: The groups of ports assigned to dynamic

LAG are candidate ports. LACP determines which

candidate ports are active member ports. LAG port link status. Active member ports of the LAG. Inactive or candidate member ports of the LAG.

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33..22..55 MMAACC AAddddrreessss TTaabbllee

Function name:

Status>>MAC Address Table

Function description:

33..22..66 PPooEE SSttaattuuss

Function name:

Status>>PoE Status

Function description:

The PoE Status page displays PoE working mode and PoE consuming power status.

Parameter description:

The type of PoE working mode.

Dynamic(Non Priority Class Mode): Dynamic and

PoE Mode

Total Power(W) Consuming Power(W) Allocated Power(W) Remaining Power(W)

automatic PoE PD priority and power budget management connection.

Static(Priority Power Base): PoE connection base-on manual setting by PD priority and power limit.

The system total PoE Power budget. Consuming total PoE power. Allocated PoE power budget by system. Remaining PoE power budget.

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33..22..77 LLLLDDPP SSttaattiissttiiccss

Function name:

Status>>LLDP Statistics

Function description:

The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) Statistics page displays summary and per-port information for LLDP frames transmitted and received on the switch.

Parameter description: Global Statistics

Insertions

Deletions

Drops

Age Outs

Statistics Table

The number of times the complete set of information advertised by a particular MAC Service Access Point (MSAP) has been inserted into tables associated with the remote systems.

The number of times the complete set of information advertised by MSAP has been deleted from tables associated with the remote systems.

The number of times the complete set of information advertised by MSAP could not be entered into tables associated with the remote systems because of insufficient resources.

The number of times the complete set of information advertised by MSAP has been deleted from tables associated with the remote systems because the information timeliness interval has expired.

Port

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Interface or port number.

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Transmit Frame Total

Receive Frame Total

Receive Frame Discarded

Receive Frame Errors

Receive TLV Discarded

Receive TLV Unrecognized

Neighbor Timeout

33..22..88 IIGGMMPP SSttaattiissttiiccss

Function name:

Status>>IGMP Statistics

Number of LLDP frames transmitted on the corresponding port.

Number of LLDP frames received by this LLDP agent on the corresponding port, while the LLDP agent is enabled.

Number of LLDP frames discarded for any reason by the LLDP agent on the corresponding port.

Number of invalid LLDP frames received by the LLDP agent on the corresponding port, while the LLDP agent is enabled.

Number of TLVs of LLDP frames discarded for any reason by the LLDP agent on the corresponding port.

Number of TLVs of LLDP frames that are unrecognized while the LLDP agent is enabled

Number of age out LLDP frames.

Function description:

IGMP snooping is the process of listening to Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) network traffic. The feature allows a network switch to listen in on the IGMP conversation between hosts and routers. By listening to these conversations the switch maintains a map of which links need which IP multicast streams. Multicasts may be filtered from the links which do not need them and thus controls which ports receive specific multicast traffic.

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Parameter description: Receive Packet

Total Valid Invalid Other Leave Report

General Query

Special Group Query

Special-specific Group Query

Transmit Packet Leave Report

General Query

This field displays the total amount of RX This field displays the total amount of valid RX. This field displays the total amount of invalid RX. This field displays the total amount of other RX. This field displays the total amount of leave RX. This field displays the total amount of report RX. This field displays the total amount of general query

RX. This field displays the total amount of Special Group

query RX. This field displays the total amount of Special-specific

Group Query RX.

This field displays the total amount of leave TX. This field displays the total amount of report TX. This field displays the total amount of general query

TX.

Special Group Query

Special-specific Group Query

This field displays the total amount of Special Group query TX.

This field displays the total amount of Special-specific Group Query TX.

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33..33 NNeettwwoorrkk

Configure settings for the switch network interface. Offer how the switch connects to a remote server to get services.

33..33..11 IIPP AAddddrreessss

Function name:

Network>> IP Address

Function description:

Use the IP Setting screen to configure the switch IP address and the default gateway device. The gateway field specifies the IP address of the gateway (next hop) for outgoing traffic.

The switch needs an IP address for it to be managed over the network. The factory default IP address is 192.168.1.224. The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. The factory default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.

Parameter description: IPv4 Address

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Address Type

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

DNS Server 1

DNS Server 2

IPv6 Address Auto Configuration DHCPv6 Client

Select the mode of network connection

 Static: Enable static IP address.  Dynamic: Enable Dynamic to type IP address.

Enter the IP address of your switch in dotted decimal notation for example 192.168.1.224. If static mode is enabled, enter IP address in this field.

Enter the IP subnet mask of your switch in dotted decimal notation for example 255.255.255.0. If static mode is enabled, enter subnet mask in this field.

Enter the IP address of the gateway in dotted decimal notation. If static mode is enabled, enter gateway address in this field.

If static mode is enabled, enter primary DNS server address in this field.

If static mode is enabled, enter secondary DNS server address in this field.

Select Enable or Disable this function. DHCPv6 client state.

 Enable: Enable DHCPv6 client function.  Disable: Disable DHCPv6 client function.

IPv6 Address

Prefix Length

IPv6 Gateway

DNS Server 1

DNS Server 2

Operational Status IPv4 Address IPv4 Default Gateway IPv6 Address IPv6 Gateway Link Local Address

Enter the IPv6 address of your switch. If auto configuration mode is disabled, enter IPv6 address in this field.

Specify the prefix for the IPv6 address, when the IPv6 auto configuration and DHCPv6 client are disabled.

Enter the IP address of the gateway in dotted decimal notation. If auto configuration mode is disabled, enter IPv6gateway address in this field.

If static mode is enabled, enter primary DNS server address in this field.

If static mode is enabled, enter secondary DNS server address in this field.

Display the optional IPv4 address of the switch.. Display the optional IPv4 gateway of the switch. Display the optional IPv6 address of the switch. Display the optional IPv6 gateway of the switch. Display the optional IPv6 link local address for the

switch.

Apply

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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33..33..22 SSyysstteemm TTiimmee

Function name:

Network>>System Time

Function description:

Parameter description: Source

Time Zone SNTP Address Type

SNTP - Select the radio button to enable using SNTP

server. From Computer – Select the radio button to specify the

time from PC. Manual Time – Select the radio button to specify static

time manually. Select a time zone.

Select Hostname or IPv4.

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Server Address Server Port Manual Time Date Time Daylight Saving Time Type

Offset

Input IP address or hostname of time server. Input time server port number. Default is 123.

Input the starting date (YYYY-MM-DD). Input the starting time (HH:MM:SS).

Select the mode of daylight saving time.

None - Disable daylight saving time. Recurring - Using recurring mode of daylight saving

time. Non-Recurring - Using non-recurring mode of daylight

saving time. USA - Using daylight saving time in the United States

that starts on the second Sunday of March and ends on the first Sunday of November

European - Using daylight saving time in the Europe that starts on the last Sunday

Specify the adjust offset of daylight saving time.

Recurring

Non-recurring

Operation Status Current Time Apply

From - Specify the starting time of recurring daylight

saving time. This field available when selecting “Recurring” mode.

To - Specify the ending time of recurring daylight saving time. This field available when selecting “Recurring” mode.

From - Specify the starting time of non-recurring daylight saving time. This field available when selecting “Non-Recurring” mode.

To - Specify the ending time of recurring daylight saving time. This field available when selecting “Non-Recurring” mode.

Display current time the router used. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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33..44 SSwwiittcchhiinngg

This menu item is used to configure settings for the switch ports, trunk, Layer 2 protocols and other switch features.

33..44..11 PPoorrtt SSeettttiinngg

Function name: Switching>>Port Setting Function description: It is used to configure switch port settings and show port current status.

Parameter description:

Edit

The following shows the configuration page of port setting.

Check ports is disabled. A port must be enabled for data transmission to occur.

Check setting.

to enable a port. The factory default for all

for one entry and click Edit to modify the

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Parameter description: Description

Type a brief description for such entry.

State Port admin state.

Enabled: Check the box to enable the port. Disabled: Uncheck the box to disable the port.

Speed

Port speed capabilities:

 Auto: Auto speed with all capabilities.  Auto-10M: Auto speed with 10M ability only.  Auto-100M: Auto speed with 100M ability only.  Auto-1000M: Auto speed with 1000M ability only.  Auto-10/100M: Auto speed with 10/100M ability.  10M: Force speed with 10M ability.  100M: Force speed with 100M ability.  1000M: Force speed with 1000M ability.

Selecting Auto (auto-negotiation) allows one port to negotiate with a peer port automatically to obtain the connection speed and duplex mode that both ends support. When auto-negotiation is turned on, a port on the switch negotiates with the peer automatically to determine the connection speed and duplex mode. If the peer port does not support auto-negotiation or turns off this feature, the switch determines the connection speed by detecting the signal on the cable and using half duplex mode. When the switch’s auto-negotiation is turned off, a port uses the pre-configured speed and duplex mode when making a connection, thus requiring you to make sure that the settings of the peer port are the same in order to connect.

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Duplex

Flow Control

Port duplex capabilities:

 Auto: Auto duplex with all capabilities.  Half: Auto speed with 10/100M ability only.  Full: Auto speed with 10/100/1000M ability only.

A concentration of traffic on a port decreases port bandwidth and overflows buffer memory causing packet discards and frame losses. Flow Control is used to regulate transmission of signals to match the bandwidth of the receiving port. The switch uses IEEE802.3x flow control in full duplex mode and backpressure flow control in half duplex mode. IEEE802.3x flow control is used in full duplex mode to send a pause signal to the sending port, causing it to temporarily stop sending signals when the receiving port memory buffers fill. Back Pressure flow control is typically used in half duplex mode to send a "collision" signal to the sending port (mimicking a state of packet collision) causing the sending port to temporarily stop sending signals and resend later.

Select “Auto”/ “Enable” to enable it. Or select “Disable” to disable it.

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Function name:

Switching>>Link Aggregation>>Group

Function description:

Parameter description: Load Balance Algorithm

Apply Link Aggregation Table

Edit

The following shows the configuration page of Link Aggregation Group.

Select the LAG load balance distribution algorithm  MAC Address: Based on source and destination

MAC address for all packets  IP/MAC Address: Based on source and destination

IP addresses for IP packet, and source and

destination MAC address for non-IP packets. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

Check Check

setting.

to choose a entry. for one entry and click Edit to modify the

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Parameter description: LAG Name Type

Member

Apply Close

Display LAG Name. Type LAG port description. Select the type of the LAG.

 Static: The group of ports assigned to a static LAG

will be always active members.

 LACP: The group of ports assigned to dynamic LAG

will be candidate ports. LACP determines which candidate ports are active member ports.

Available Port - Inactive or candidate member ports of the LAG.

Selected Port - Active member ports of the LAG. Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name:

Switching>>Link Aggregation>>Port Setting

Function description:

Parameter description:

Check

to enable a port. The factory default for all ports is disabled. A port must be enabled for data transmission to occur.

Edit

LAG Type Description State

Link Status

Speed

Duplex

Flow Control

Check

for one entry and click Edit to modify the setting.

LAG Port Name. LAG Port media type. LAG port description. Display LAG port admin state.

Enabled : Enable the port Disabled : Disable the port

Current LAG port link status. Up: Port is link up. Down: Port is link down.

Current LAG port speed configuration and link speed status.

Current LAG port duplex configuration and link duplex status.

Current LAG port flow control configuration and link flow control status.

The following shows the configuration page of port setting.

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Parameter description: Description State

Speed

Type a brief description for such entry. Display LAG port admin state.

Enabled: Check the box to enable the port. Disabled: Uncheck the box to disable the port.

Port speed capabilities:

Flow Control

A concentration of traffic on a port decreases port bandwidth and overflows buffer memory causing packet

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discards and frame losses. Flow Control is used to regulate transmission of signals to match the bandwidth of the receiving port. The switch uses IEEE802.3x flow control in full duplex mode and backpressure flow control in half duplex mode. IEEE802.3x flow control is used in full duplex mode to send a pause signal to the sending port, causing it to temporarily stop sending signals when the receiving port memory buffers fill. Back Pressure flow control is typically used in half duplex mode to send a "collision" signal to the sending port (mimicking a state of packet collision) causing the sending port to temporarily stop sending signals and resend later.

Select “Auto”/ “Enable” to enable it. Or select “Disable” to disable it.

Apply Close

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name:

Switching>>Link Aggregation>>LACP Setting

Function description:

It is a Trunk mechanism can aggregate several physical ports to a logical port for higher bandwidth. The device provides at most 8 groups of trunk configuration. Each trunk group can aggregate at most 8 ports. For trunk ports traffic balancing, a hash function is applied and the hash parameters can be configured by user. There are 2 sets of hash algorithm configurations, each trunk group can bind to a set of configuration. The device also provide traffic separation mechanism to choose the link maximum id member port dedicated for known multicast traffic or flooding traffic.

Parameter description: LACP Setting System Priority

Configure the system priority of LACP. This decides the system priority field in LACP PDU.

Apply Port Port Priority Timeout

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Port Name. LACP priority value of the port. The periodic transmissions type of LACP PDUs.

Long: Transmit LACP PDU with slow periodic (30s). Short: Transmit LACP PDU with fast periodic (1s).

Check

to enable a port. The factory default for all ports is disabled. A port must be enabled for data transmission to occur.

Edit

Check

for one entry and click Edit to modify the setting.

The following shows the configuration page of LACP port setting. Port id could be physical port id or logical port id (trunk id). Mirror, ingress and egress bandwidth control

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module base on physical port not logic port, however, almost all of the other modules, such as storm filter, VLAN, L2 table and so on, port id means logical port.

Parameter description: Port Priority Timeout

Apply Close

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Function name: Switching>>EEE Function description:

This page allows user to enable or disable port EEE (Energy Efficient Ethernet) function.

Enter the LACP priority value of the port. Select the periodic transmissions of LACP PDUs. Long:

Transmit LACP PDU with slow periodic (30s). Short: Transmit LACPP DU with fast periodic (1s).

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

Parameter description: Port State

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Select one or multiple ports to configure Port EEE function.

 Enabled: Enable EEE function.

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 Disabled: Disable EEE function.

Operational Status

Display Port EEE operational status. Enabled: EEE is operating. Disabled: EEE is no operating.

Check

to enable a port. The factory default for all ports is disabled. A port must be enabled for data transmission to occur.

Edit

Check

for one entry and click Edit to modify the setting.

The following shows the configuration page of EEE setting.

Parameter description: Port State

Select one or multiple ports to configure. Port EEE admin state.

Enable: Check the box to enable port EEE. Disable: Uncheck the box to disable port EEE.

Apply Close

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name: Switching>>Jumbo Frame Function description:

This page allows user to configure switch port jumbo frame settings.

Parameter description: Jumbo Frame

Apply

Check Enable to activate such feature. Type Jumbo frame size. The valid range is 1526 bytes –

9216 bytes. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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Function name: Switching>>PoE>>PoE Port Status Function description:

This page shows PoE port current status.

Parameter description: Port Class

Consuming Power(W) Max Power(W)

Max Current(mA)

Display the name of the port. Displays PoE power classification level status.(Dynamic

mode only). 0 : Default (Class 3 : 12.95W) 1 : 0.44W~3.84W (Very Low Power) 2 : 3.84W~6.49W (Low Power) 3 : 6.49W~12.95W (Mid Power) 4 : 12.95W~25.5W (High Power)

Displays current PoE power consumption. Displays PSE maximum power.

Class 0 : 16.2W Class 1 : 4.2W Class 2 : 7.4W Class 3 : 16.2W Class 4 : 31.2W

Displays current PoE power current.

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Function name: Switching>>PoE>>PoE Setting Function description:

This page allows user to configure PoE working type and per port status.

Parameter description: PoE Mode

Apply

Edit

Port PD Priority

Static (Priority Power Base) – The PoE Static mode is

manual configure per port on/off, power budget and PD priority.

Dynamic (NonPriority Class Base) – The PoE Dynamic mode is automatic negotiation PD device by classification level of power, and power budget management by port PD priority. The default device power connection priority is port1(high priority)>port2>…>port8(low priority).

Click it to enable PoE Mode and activate the PoE Setting.

Check

to enable a port. The factory default for all ports is disabled.

Check

for one entry and click Edit to modify the setting.

Display Port Name. Display PD Priority.

The following shows the configuration page of PoE setting.

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Parameter description: Port State PD Priority

Power Limit(W)

Apply Close

Display the port name. Check

to PoE function. Select PD Priority.

Low: PD device set to low priority connection. Medium: PD device set to middle priority connection. High: PD device set to high priority connection. Critical: PD device set to highest priority connection.

Selected the power delivery of watts.

15W: PoE port limit set to 15W (802.3af). 30W: PoE port limit set to 30W (802.3at).

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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A virtual local area network, virtual LAN or VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical local area network (LAN), but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if they are not located on the same network switch. VLAN membership can be configured through software instead of physically relocating devices or connections.

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Function name: Switching>>VLAN>>VLAN>>Create VLAN Function description:

It allows a user to add, edit or delete VLAN settings.

Parameter description: Apply

Edit Delete

The following shows the modification page of VLAN name.

Click it to add one VLAN from available VLAN area to created VLAN area; and activate VLAN table.

Check Check Check

VLAN.

to enable the selected VLAN entry.

for one entry and click Edit to modify VLAN.

for one entry and click Delete to remove

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Parameter description: Name Apply Close

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Function name: Switching>>VLAN>>VLAN>>VLAN Configuration Function description:

This page allows a user to configure VLAN Interface related settings. A PVID (Port VLAN ID) is a tag that adds to incoming untagged frames received on a port

so that the frames are forwarded to the VLAN group that the tag defines.

Type a name for such VLAN profile. Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

Parameter description: VLAN

Membership

PVID

Select specified VLAN ID to configure Port to VLAN Settings.

Select the membership for this port with the specified VLAN ID.

 Excluded: Specify the port is excluded in the VLAN.  Forbidden: Specify the port is forbidden in the

VLAN.

 Tagged: Specify the port is tagged in the VLAN.  Untagged: Specify the port is untagged in the VLAN.

It will be enabled/disabled according to the membership

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selected.

Apply

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Save the settings or changes to the switch.

Function name: Switching>>VLAN>>VLAN>>Membership Function description:

This page shows a table of VLAN Membership setting.

Parameter description: Port Mode Administrative VLAN Operational VLAN Edit

Display the interface of this port entry. Display the interface VLAN mode of this port. Display the administrative VLAN list of this port. Display the operational VLAN list of this port. Click the Edit button to edit the VLAN membership of

this port.

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Select the membership for this port with the specified VLAN ID.

 Excluded: Specify the port is excluded in the VLAN.  Forbidden: Specify the port is forbidden in the

VLAN.

 Tagged: Specify the port is tagged in the VLAN.  Untagged: Specify the port is untagged in the VLAN.

PVID-Check this checkbox to select the VLAN ID to be the port-based VLAN ID for this port.

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Function name: Switching>>VLAN>>VLAN>>Port Setting Function description:

This page allow user to configure port VLAN settings such as VLAN port mode, PVID etc… The attributes depend on different VLAN port mode.

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Parameter description:

Edit

Check Check

to enable the selected VLAN port entry.

for one entry and click Edit to modify VLAN port.

Port Mode PVID Accept Frame Type Ingress Filtering

Display the interface. Display the VLAN mode of port. Display the Port-based VLAN ID of port. Display accepted frame type of port. Display ingress filter status of port.

The following shows the modification page of VLAN port setting.

Parameter description: Port Mode

PVID

Accept Frame Type

Ingress Filtering

Display the interface of the port entry. Select the VLAN mode of the interface.

Hybrid: Support all functions as defined in IEEE

802.1Qspecification. Access: Accepts only untagged frames and join an

untagged VLAN. Trunk: An untagged member of one VLAN at most, and

is a tagged member of zero or more VLANs. Specify the port-based VLAN ID (1~4094). It’s only

available with hybrid and Trunk mode. Specify the acceptable-frame-type of the specified

interfaces. It’s only available with Hybrid mode.

Specify the status of ingress filtering. It’s only available with Hybrid mode.

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Apply Close

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name: Switching>>VLAN>>VLAN>>Voice VLAN >>Property Function description:

This page allow user to configure global and per interface setting of voice VLAN.

Parameter description: State VLAN Cos/802.1p Remarking

Aging Time

Check Enable to enable Voice VLAN. Select Voice VLAN ID profile Set checkbox to enable or disable 1p remarking. If

enabled, qualified packets will be remark by this value. Check Enable to enable such function. Select a value that will be advertised by LLDP-MED.

Select value of aging time (30~65536 min). Default is 1440 minutes. A voice VLAN entry will be age

out after this time if without any packet pass through.

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Apply

Edit

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Check Check

to enable the selected port setting entry.

for one entry and click Edit to modify port setting for voice VLAN.

Entry State Mode QoS Policy

Display port entry. Display enable/disable status of interface. Display voice VLAN mode. Display voice VLAN remark will effect which kind of

packet.

The following shows the modification page of voice VLAN port setting.

Parameter description: State

Mode

QoS Policy

Apply Close

Set checkbox to enable/disable voice VLAN function of interface.

Select port voice VLAN mode. Auto: Voice VLAN auto detect packets that match OUI

table and add received port into voice VLAN ID tagged member.

Manual: User need add interface to VLAN ID tagged member manually.

Select port QoS Policy mode. Voice Packet: QoS attributes are applied to packets with

OUIs in the source MAC address. All: QoS attributes are applied to packets that are

classified to the Voice VLAN. Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name: Switching>>VLAN>>VLAN>>Voice VLAN >>Voice OUI Function description:

This page allow user to add, edit or delete OUI MAC addresses. Default has 8 pre-defined OUI MAC.

Parameter description: OUI Description

Add

Edit

Display OUI address. Description of the specified MAC address to the voice

VLAN OUI table. Check

to enable the selected port setting entry. Click it to create a new voice OUI.

OUI: Input OUI MAC address. It can’t be edited in edit dialog.

Description: Input description of the specified MAC address to the voice VLAN OUI table.

Check

for one entry and click Edit to modify OUI setting for voice VLAN.

Delete

Click it to remove the selected voice VLAN entry.

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In computer networking, multicast (one-to-many or many-to-many distribution) Is group communication where information is addressed to a group of destination computers simultaneously.

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Function name:

Switching>>Multicast>>General>>Properties

Function description:

Parameter description: Unknown Multicast

Action

Set the unknown multicast action

 Drop: drop the unknown multicast data.  Flood: flood the unknown multicast data.  Forward to Router port: forward the unknown

multicast data to router port.

IPv4

Set the ipv4 multicast forward method.

 DMAC-VID: forward method dmac+vid.  DIP-VID: forward method dip+sip.

Apply

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Function name:

Switching>>Multicast>>General>>Group Address

Function description:

To display Multicast General Group web page. This page allow user to browse all multicast groups that dynamic learned or statically added.

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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Parameter description: Add

Edit

Click it to create a new group address profile for multicast.

VLAN – Specify one VLAN ID. Group Address – Type the group IP address.

Member – Display the member ports of group.

Available Port - Inactive or candidate member ports. Selected Port - Active member ports. Apply – Save the settings.

Check Check

to select group address profile.

of a group address profile and click Edit to modify settings.

Delete Refresh

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Click it to remove the selected group address profile. Click it to renew current page.

Function name:

Switching>>Multicast>>General>>Router Port

Function description:

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Parameter description: VLAN Member Life (Sec) Refresh

The VLAN ID router entry. Router Port member. The expiry time of the router entry. Click it to renew current page.

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Function name: Switching>>Multicast>>IGMP Snooping>>Property Function description:

Parameter description: State

Version

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Check Enable to set the enabling status of IGMP functionality.

Set the IGMP snooping version. IGMPv2: Only support process

IGMP v2 packet.

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IGMPv3: Support v3 basic and v2.

Report Suppression

Apply VLAN Setting Table

Check Enable to set the enabling status of IGMP v2 report suppression.

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

VLAN ID Operation Status

Router Port Auto Learn

Query Robustness

Query Interval Query Max Response

Interval

Last Member Query count

The IGMP entry VLAN ID. The enable status of IGMP VLAN functionality.

 Enabled: when IGMP Snooping enable and IGMP

VLAN enable and multicast filtering enable.

 Disabled: when IGMP Snooping disable or IGMP

VLAN disable or multicast filtering disable.

Set the enabling status of IGMP router port learning.

 Enable: Enable learning router port by query and

PIM, DVRMP.

 Disable: Disable learning dynamic router port.

The Robustness Variable allows tuning for the expected packet loss on a subnet.

The interval of queries send general query. In Membership Query Messages, it specifies the

maximum allowed time before sending a responding report in units of 1/10 second.

The count that Query-switch sends Group-Specific Queries when it receives a Leave Group message for a group.

Last Member Query Interval

Immediate leave

The interval that Query-switch sends Group-Specific Queries when it receives a Leave Group message for a group.

Leave the group when receive IGMP Leave message.

 Enable: Enable Fastleave.  Disable: Disable Fastleave.

Edit

The following shows the modification page of IGMP Snooping VLAN port setting.

Click Edit to edit the IGMP Snooping Table. Check

Check settings.

to select VLAN profile for IGMP.

of a VLAN profile and click Edit to modify

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Parameter description: State

Router Ports Auto Learn

Immediate leave

Query Robustness

Query Interval Query Max Response

Interval Last Member Query

count Last Member Query

Interval Operational Status

Check Enable to set the enabling status of IGMP functionality.

Check Enable to enable learning router port by query and PIM, DVRMP.

Check Enable to leave the group when receive IGMP Leave message.

The Robustness Variable allows tuning for the expected packet loss on a subnet.

The admin query interval. The admin query max response interval.

The admin last member query count.

The admin last member query interval.

A brief table for the above settings.

Apply Close

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Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name: Switching>>Multicast>>IGMP Snooping>>Querier Function description:

This page allows user to configure querier settings on specific VLAN of IGMP Snooping.

Parameter description:

Edit

Check Check

to select VLAN profile for querier.

of a VLAN profile and click Edit to modify settings.

VLAN State Operational Status Version Querier Address

IGMP Snooping querier entry VLAN ID. The IGMP Snooping querier Admin State. The IGMP Snooping querier operational status. The IGMP Snooping querier operational version. The operational querier IP address on the VLAN.

The following shows the modification page for VLAN IGMP Snooping querier settings.

Parameter description: VLAN ID State

Display the VLAN ID. Check Enable to set the enabling status of IGMP Querier

Election on the chosen VLAN.

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Version

Set the query version of IGMP Querier Election on the choseVLANs.

IGMPv2: Querier version 2. IGMPv3: Querier version 3.

Apply Close

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Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

Function name: Switching>>Multicast>>IGMP Snooping>>Statistics Function description:

This page allow user to display IGMP Snooping Statistics and clear IGMP Snooping statistics.

Parameter description: Receive Packet

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

Total - Total RX IGMP packet, include IPv4 multicast data to CPU.

Valid - The valid IGMP Snooping process packet. InValid - The invalid IGMP Snooping process packet. Other - The ICMP protocol is not 2, and is not IPv4

multicast data packet. Leave - IGMP leave packet.

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Report - IGMP join and report packet. General Query - IGMP general query packet. Special Group Query - IGMP special group general

query packet. Source - IGMP special source and group general query

packet.

Transmit Packet

Leave - IGMP leave packet. Report - IGMP join and report packet. General Query - IGMP general query packet includes

querier transmit general query packet. Special Group Query - IGMP special group query

packet include querier transmit special group query packet.

Source - IGMP special source and group general query packet.

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The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for any bridged Ethernet local area network.

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Function name:

Switching>>Spanning Tree>>Properties

Function description:

Configure and display STP property configuration.

Parameter description: State Operation Mode

Path Cost Specify the path cost method.

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

Check Enable to activate the settings in this page. Set the operating mode of STP:

STP: Enable the Spanning Tree (STP) operation. RSTP: Enable the Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP)

operation

Long: Specifies that the default port path costs are within the range: 1~200,000,000.

Short: Specifies that the default port path costs are within

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the range: 1~65,535.

BPDU Handling

Priority

Hello Time

Max Age

Forward Delay

Specify the BPDU forward method when the STP is disabled.

Filtering: Filter the BPDU when STP is disabled. Flooding: Flood the BPDU when STP is disabled.

Specify the bridge priority. The valid range is from 0 to 61440, and the value should be the multiple of 4096. It ensures the probability that the switch is selected as the root bridge, and the lower value has the higher priority for the switch to be selected as the root bridge of the topology.

Specify the STP hello time in second to broadcast its hello message to other bridge by Designated Ports. Its valid range is from 1 to 10 seconds.

Specify the time interval in seconds for a switch to wait the configuration messages, without attempting to redefine its own configuration.

Specify the STP forward delay time, which is the amount of time that a port remains in the Listening and Learning states before it enters the Forwarding state. Its valid range is from 4 to 10 seconds.

Tx Hold Count

Operational Status

Bridge Identifier Designated Root

Identifier Root Port Root Path Cost Topology Change Count Last Topology Change

Apply

Specify the tx-hold-count used to limit the maximum numbers of packets transmission per second. The valid range is from 1 to 10.

Bridge identifier of the switch. Bridge identifier of the designated root bridge.

Operational root port of the switch. Operational root path cost. Numbers of the topology changes. The last time for the topology change.

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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Function name:

Switching>>Spanning Tree>>Port Setting

Function description:

Configure and display STP port settings.

Parameter description:

Edit

Check Check

to select a profile for querier.

of a profile and click Edit to modify settings.

Protocol Migration Check

Port State Path Cost Priority Operation Edge Operational

Point-to-Point Port Role

Port State

Designated Bridge Designated Port ID

Restart the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) migration process (re-negotiate with its neighborhood) on the specific interface.

Specify the interface ID or the list of interface IDs. The operational state on the specified port. STP path cost on the specified port. STP priority on the specified port. The operational edge port on the specified port. The operational edge point-to-point status on the

specified port. The current port role on the specified port. The possible

values are: “Disabled”, “Root”, “Designated”, “Alternative”, and “Backup”.

The current port state on the specified port. The possible values are:

“Disabled”, “Discarding”, “Learning”, and “Forwarding”. The bridge ID of the designated bridge. The designated port ID on the switch.

Designated Cost

The following shows the modification page of port setting for spanning tree.

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The path cost of the designated port on the switch.

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Parameter description: State Path Cost

Priority Edge Port

Point-to-Point

Enable/Disable the STP on the specified port Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame on to a LAN

through that port. It is recommended to assign this value according to the speed of the bridge. The slower the media, the higher the cost. Entering 0 means the switch will automatically assign a value.

Specify the STP priority on the specified port. Set the edge port configuration:

Enable: Check the box to force to true state (as link to a host)

Disable: Uncheck the box to force to false state (as link to a host).

In the edge mode, the interface would be put into the Forwarding state immediately upon link up. If the edge mode is enabled for the interface and there are BPDUs received on the interface, the loop might be occurred in the short time before the STP state change.

Specify the Point-to-Point port configuration: Auto: The state is depended on the duplex setting of the

port.

Enable: Click it to force to true state. Disable: Click it to force to false state.

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Apply Close

Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

33..44..88..33 SSttaattiissttiiccss

Function name:

Switching>>Spanning Tree>> Statistics

Function description:

To display STP statistics. Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) are frames that contain information about the

Spanning tree protocol (STP). Switches send BPDUs using a unique MAC address from its origin port and a multicast address as destination MAC (01:80:C2:00:00:00, or 01:00:0C:CC:CC:CD for Per VLAN Spanning Tree). For STP algorithms to function, the switches need to share information about themselves and their connections. What they share are bridge protocol data units (BPDUs). BPDUs are sent out as multicast frames to which only other layer 2 switches or bridges are listening. If any loops (multiple possible paths between switches) are found in the network topology, the switches will co-operate to disable a port or ports to ensure that there are no loops; that is, from one device to any other device in the layer 2 network, only one path can be taken.

Parameter description: Refresh Rate

Port Receive BPDU(Config)

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The option to refresh the statistics automatically. Check

to select VLAN profile for querier. It displays the port number. The counts of the received CONFIG BPDU.

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Receive BPDU(TCN) Transmit BPDU(Config) Transmit BPDU(TCN) Clear Refresh View

The counts of the received TCN BPDU. The counts of the transmitted CONFIG BPDU. The counts of the transmitted TCN BPDU Remove the value displayed on this page. Refresh the page. Display a pop up window with configurable rate page.

33..55 MMAACC AAddddrreessss TTaabbllee

MAC Address Table is used to show dynamic MAC table and configure settings for static MAC entries.

33..55..11 DDyynnaammiicc AAddddrreessss

Function name: MAC Address Table>>Dynamic Address Function description:

Parameter description: Aging Time Apply Dynamic Address Table

<10-630> The Dynamic MAC address aging out value. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

Check

to select VLAN profile for querier.

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VLAN

MAC Address

Port

Clear

Refresh Add Static Address

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This is the VLAN group to which the MAC address belongs. Select the VLAN to show or clear dynamic MAC entries. If not select any port, VLAN and MAC address, the whole dynamic MAC table will be displayed or cleared.

This field displays the MAC address that will be forwarded. Select the MAC address to show or clear dynamic MAC entries. If not select any port, VLAN and MAC address, the whole dynamic MAC table will be displayed or cleared.

This field displays the port where the MAC address will be forwarded.

Click this button to remove any dynamically learned MAC address forwarding entries.

Refresh the page. Click this button to add any port into the static MAC

table.

Function name: MAC Address Table>>Static Address Function description:

Parameter description:

This is the VLAN group to which the MAC address

VLAN

belongs. Select the VLAN to show or clear static MAC entries. If not select any port, VLAN and MAC address, the whole static MAC table will be displayed or cleared.

This field displays the MAC address that will be forwarded. Select the MAC address to show or clear

MAC Address

static MAC entries. If not select any port, VLAN and MAC address, the whole static MAC table will be displayed or cleared.

Port

Add

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

This field displays the port number defined for such VLAN.

Click it to create a new profile.

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Edit

Check modify the settings.

to select VLAN profile and click this button to

Delete

Check

to select VLAN profile and click this button to delete the profile.

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33..66 SSeeccuurriittyy

Security pages are used to configure settings for the switch security features.

33..66..11 AAcccceessss CCoonnttrrooll

33..66..11..11 AAcccceessss CCoonnttrrooll MMaannaaggeemmeenntt VVLLAANN

Function name:

Security>>Access Control>>Management VLAN

Function description:

This page allow user to change Management VLAN connection.

Parameter description:

Select management VLAN in option list.

Management VLAN

Apply

Management connection, such as http, https, SNMP etc.., has the same VLAN of management VLAN are allow connecting to device. Others will be dropped.

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

33..66..11..22 AAcccceessss CCoonnttrrooll MMaannaaggeemmeenntt SSeerrvviiccee

Function name:

Security>>Access Control>>Management Service

Function description:

Parameter description:

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Telnet is the TCP/IP standard protocol for remote terminal service. TELNET allows a user at one site to interact with a remote timesharing system at another site

Telnet

as if the user’s keyboard and display connected directly to the remote machine.

Check Enable to access telnet service or uncheck not to access telnet service.

HTTP

HTTPS

SNMP

Apply

33..66..22 PPrrootteecctteedd PPoorrtt

Function name: Security>>Protected Port Function description:

This page allows user to configure protected port setting to prevent the selected ports from communicate with each other.

HTTP is the acronym of HyperText Transfer Protocol. Check Enable to Enable HTTP service.

HTTPS is the acronym of Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer.

Check Enable to Enable HTTPS service. Manage switch through SNMP.

Check Enable to Enable SNMP service. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

Parameter description: Port List State

Select the port to be protected. Configure port protect type:

 Unprotected: Unprotected port can communicate with

all ports.

 Protected: Prevent protected ports from communicate

with each other.

Check

to select port profile.

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Edit

33..66..33 SSttoorrmm CCoonnttrrooll

Function name:

Security>>Storm Control

Function description:

Check settings.

of a port profile and click Edit to modify

Parameter description: Mode

IFG

Apply Port Setting Table

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

Select the mode of storm control

 Packet/Sec: storm control rate calculates by

packet-based.

 Kbits/Sec: storm control rate calculates by

octet-based.

Select the rate calculates w/o preamble & IFG (20 bytes)

 Exclude: exclude preamble & IFG (20 bytes) when

count ingress storm control rate.

 Include: include preamble & IFG (20 bytes) when

count ingress storm control rate.

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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Port State Broadcast

Check This field displays the port number. Display the port setting profile enabled or disabled. State – Display the storm control function

to select port profile.

enabled/disabled. Rate(Kbps) - Display the storm control rate for

Broadcast packet.

Unknown Multicast

State – Display the storm control function

enabled/disabled. Rate(Kbps) - Display the storm control rate for unknown

multicast packet.

Unknown Unicast

State – Display the storm control function

enabled/disabled. Rate(Kbps) - Display the storm control rate for unknown

unicast packet.

Edit

Check

of a port profile and click Edit to modify settings.

The following shows the modification page of port setting for storm control.

Parameter description: Port State

This field displays the port number of physical port. Determine the state of setting.

Enable: Check the box to enable the storm control function for the

selected Port. Uncheck the box to disable the storm control function for

the selected Port.

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Broadcast

Unknown Multicast

Unknown Unicast

Action

Apply

Specify the storm control rate for Broadcast packet. Value of storm control rate, Unit: Kbps (Kbits

per-second). The range is from 0 to 1000000.

Specify the storm control rate for unknown multicast packet.

Value of storm control rate, Unit: Kbps (Kbits per-second).

The range is from 0 to 1000000. Specify the storm control rate for unknown unicast

packet. Value of storm control rate, Unit: Kbps (Kbits

per-second). The range is from 0 to 1000000.

Select the state of setting.

Drop: Packets exceed storm control rate will be dropped. Shutdown: Port exceeds storm control rate will be

shutdown. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

33..66..44 DDooSS

A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is a hacker attempt to make a device unavailable to its users. DoS attacks saturate the device with external communication requests, so that it cannot respond to legitimate traffic. These attacks usually lead to a device CPU overload.

The DoS protection feature is a set of predefined rules that protect the network from malicious attacks. The DoS Security Suite Setting enables activating the security suite.

33..66..44..11 PPrrooppeerrttyy

Function name: Security>>DoS>>Property Function description:

This page allows user to configure DoS setting to enable/disable DoS function for Global Setting.

Close the page and return to previous page.

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Parameter description: POD

Land

UDP Blat

Avoids ping of death attack. Ping packets that length are larger than 65535 bytes. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the packets if the source IP address is equal to the

destination IP address. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the packets if the UDP source port equals to the

UDP destination port. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting.

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TCP Blat

DMAC = SMAC

Null Scan Attack

X-Mas Scan Attack

Drops the packages if the TCP source port is equal to the TCP destination port.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the packets if the destination MAC address is equal

to the source MAC address. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the packets with NULL scan.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the packets if the sequence number is zero, and the

FIN, URG and PSH bits are set. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting.

TCP SYN-FIN Attack

TCP SYN-RST Attack

ICMP Fragments

TCP-SYN

TCP Fragments Ping Max Size

Drops the packets with SYN and FIN bits set. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the packets with SYN and RST bits set.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the fragmented ICMP packets.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops SYN packets with sport less than 1024.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Drops the TCP fragment packets with offset equals to one. Determine the IPv4/IPv6 PING packet with the length.

Specify the maximum size of the ICMPv4/ICMPv6 ping packets. The valid range is from 0 to 65535 bytes, and the default value is 512 bytes.

Enable

IPv4: Check the box to enable the item DoS

setting for IPv4; uncheck the box to disable the item DoS setting.

Enable IPv6: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting for IPv6; uncheck the box to disable the item DoS

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setting.

TCP Min Hdr Size

IPv6 Min Fragment

Smurf Attack

Apply

Checks the minimum TCP header and drops the TCP packets with the header smaller than the minimum size. The length range is from 0 to 31 bytes, and default length is 20 bytes.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Checks the minimum size of IPv6 fragments, and drops

the packets smaller than the minimum size. The valid range is from 0 to 65535 bytes, and default value is 1240 bytes.

Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Avoid smurf attack. The length range of the netmask is

from 0 to 323 bytes, and default length is 0 byte. Enable: Check the box to enable the item DoS setting; uncheck the

box to disable the item DoS setting. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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33..66..44..22 PPoorrtt SSeettttiinngg

Function name: Security>>DoS>>Port Setting Function description:

To configure and display the state of DoS protection for interfaces.

Parameter description:

Port State Edit

Check

to select port profile. This field displays the port number. Display the port setting is enabled or disabled. Check

of a port profile and click Edit to modify settings.

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33..77 QQooSS

33..77..11 GGeenneerraall

QoS (Quality of Service) functions to provide different quality of service for various network applications and requirements and optimize the bandwidth resource distribution so as to provide a network service experience of a better quality.

33..77..11..11 QQooSS PPrrooppeerrttiieess

Function name: QoS>>General>>Property Function description: It is used to configure settings for both basic and advanced modes.

Parameter description: State Trust Mode

Check it to enable such function. Select the QoS operation mode.

 CoS: Traffic is mapped to queues based on the CoS

field in the VLAN tag, or based on the per-port default CoS value if there is no VLAN tag on the incoming packet.

 DSCP: All IP traffic is mapped to queues based on the

DSCP field in the IP header. If traffic is not IP traffic,

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it is mapped to the lowest priority queue.

 CoS-DSCP: All IP traffic is mapped to queues based

on the DSCP field in the IP header. If traffic is not IP but has VLAN tag, mapped to queues based on the CoS value in the VLAN tag.

 IP Precedence: All IP traffic is mapped to queues

based on the IP Precedence field in the IP header. If traffic is not IP traffic, it is mapped to the lowest priority queue.

Apply Port Setting Table

Edit

Port CoS Trust

Remarking (CoS)

Remarking (DSCP)

Remarking (IP Precedence)

Save the settings or changes to the switch.

Check Check

to select port profile.

of a port profile and click Edit to modify settings.

Display the name of the port. Port default CoS priority value for the selected ports. Port trust state.

Enable: Traffic will follow trust mode in global setting. Disable: Traffic will always use best efforts.

Port CoS remarking admin state.

Enable: CoS remarking is enabled. Disable: CoS remarking is disabled.

Port DSCP remarking admin state.

Enable: DSCP remarking is enabled. Disable: DSCP remarking is disabled.

Port IP Precedence remarking admin state.

Enable: IP Precedence remarking is enabled. Disable: IP Precedence remarking is disabled.

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The following shows the modification page of port setting for storm control.

Parameter description: Port CoS

Trust Mode

Display the port number. Set default CoS/802.1p priority value for the selected

ports. Select the QoS operation mode.

 CoS/802.1p: Traffic is mapped to queues based on the

CoS field in the VLAN tag, or based on the per-port default CoS value if there is no VLAN tag on the incoming packet.

 DSCP: All IP traffic is mapped to queues based on the

DSCP field in the IP header. If traffic is not IP traffic, it is mapped to the lowest priority queue.

 CoS/802.1p-DSCP: All IP traffic is mapped to queues

based on the DSCP field in the IP header. If traffic is not IP but has VLAN tag, mapped to queues based on the CoS value in the VLAN tag.

 IP Precedence: All IP traffic is mapped to queues

based on the IP Precedence field in the IP header. If traffic is not IP traffic, it is mapped to the lowest priority queue.

 None: All traffic is mapped to the lowest priority

queue.

Remarking

CoS DSCP IP Precedence Apply Close

Check Enable to enable CoS remark. Check Enable to enable DSCP remark. Check Enable to enable IP Precedence remark. Save the settings or changes to the switch. Close the page and return to previous page.

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Function name: QoS>>General>>Queue Scheduling Function description:

Parameter description: Queue Strict Priority WRR Weight

Apply

Queue ID to configure. Click it to set queue to strict priority type. Click it to set queue to Weight round robin type. If the queue type is WRR, set the queue weight for the

queue. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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Function name: QoS>>General>>CoS Mapping Function description:

Parameter description: CoS to Queue Mapping Class of service Queue Queue of CoS Mapping Queue Class of service Apply

Class of service value. Select queue ID for the CoS value.

Queue ID. Select CoS Value for the Queue ID. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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33..77..11..44 DDSSCCPP MMaappppiinngg

Function name: QoS>>General>>DSCP Mapping Function description:

To display DSCP Mapping web page. The DSCP to Queue table determines the egress queues of the incoming IP packets based

on their DSCP values. The original VLAN Priority Tag (VPT) of the packet is unchanged. Use the Queues to DSCP page to remark DSCP value for egress traffic from each queue.

Parameter description: DSCP to Queue Mapping DSCP

Queue Queue to DSCP Mapping Queue DSCP Apply

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

Select the DSCP value to mapping to the priority and drop precedence. The DSCP range is 0 to 63.

Select queue ID for the DSCP value.

Queue ID. Select DSCP Value for the Queue ID. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

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33..77..11..55 IIPP PPrreecceeddeennccee MMaappppiinngg

Function name: QoS>>General>>IP Precedence Mapping Function description:

To display IP Precedence Mapping web page. This page allow user to configure IP Precedence to Queue Mapping and Queue to IP

Precedence Mapping.

Parameter description: IP Precedence to Queue Mapping IP Precedence Queue Queue to IP Precedence Mapping Queue IP Precedence Apply

IP Precedence value. Select queue ID for the IP Precedence value.

Queue ID. Select IP Precedence value for the queue ID. Save the settings or changes to the switch.

VigorSwitch P1100 User’s Guide

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual